-
1 librar
v.1 to engage in (entablar) (pelea, lucha).2 to draw (commerce).3 to be off work (no trabajar). (peninsular Spanish)4 to free, to save, to emancipate, to liberate.Ellos libran a Ricardo They free Richard.Ellos libran la calle They free the street.5 to strike up, to fight.Ellos libran una batalla They strike up a battle.6 to have the day off.Ellos libran They have the day off.* * *1 to save (de, from)2 (batalla) to fight, wage3 (letra) to issue1 familiar (tener libre) to be off, not to work■ libro todos los lunes I've got Mondays off, I'm off on Mondays1 to escape (de, from)\¡Dios me (nos etc) libre! Heaven forbid!, God forbid!librarse de una buena familiar to have a close shave* * *verb1) to deliver2) wage3) issue•* * *1. VT1) (=liberar)librar a algn de — [+ preocupación, responsabilidad] to free sb from o of; [+ peligro] to save sb from
¡Dios me libre! — Heaven forbid!
¡líbreme Dios de maldecir a nadie! — heaven forbid that I should curse anyone!
2) [+ batalla] to fight3) (Com) to draw; [+ cheque] to make out4) [+ sentencia] to pass; [+ decreto] to issue5) frm [+ secreto] to reveal6) † [+ esperanza, confianza] to place (en en)2. VI1) [en el trabajo]libro a las tres — I'm free at three, I finish work at three
2) † (=parir) to give birth3) †3.See:* * *1.verbo transitivo1) ( liberar)librar a alguien de algo — de peligro to save somebody from something; de obligación to free somebody from something
líbranos del mal — (Relig) deliver us from evil
esto me libra de toda responsabilidad — this absolves me o frees me from all responsibility
2) <batalla/combate> to fight3) <letra/cheque> to draw, issue; < sentencia> to pass2.librarse v pronlibrarse de algo — de tarea/obligación to get out of something
librarse de + inf — to get out of -ing
* * *= free, disencumber, rid.Nota: Verbo irregular: pasado y participio rid.Ex. Habitualized actions, they further suggest, become embedded in human behavior and free the individual from the burden of repetitive decision-making.Ex. The novel disencumbers us of the baggage that we usually bring to the scene of human suffering.Ex. This function can be used to rid access-point files of unused entries.----* ¡Dios nos libre! = God forbid.* ¡Dios nos libre! = heaven forbid.* librar de la necesidad de = relieve of + the necessity of, relieve of + the need to.* librar de la responsabilidad de = relieve of + the burden of.* librar de responsabilidad = relieve of + responsibility.* librar de un apremio = relieve of + pressure.* librar fondos = allocate + funds.* librarse de = disentangle + Reflexivo + from, extricate + Reflexivo + from, rid of, be free from, break + loose from, duck out of.* librar una batalla = wage + battle.* * *1.verbo transitivo1) ( liberar)librar a alguien de algo — de peligro to save somebody from something; de obligación to free somebody from something
líbranos del mal — (Relig) deliver us from evil
esto me libra de toda responsabilidad — this absolves me o frees me from all responsibility
2) <batalla/combate> to fight3) <letra/cheque> to draw, issue; < sentencia> to pass2.librarse v pronlibrarse de algo — de tarea/obligación to get out of something
librarse de + inf — to get out of -ing
* * *= free, disencumber, rid.Nota: Verbo irregular: pasado y participio rid.Ex: Habitualized actions, they further suggest, become embedded in human behavior and free the individual from the burden of repetitive decision-making.
Ex: The novel disencumbers us of the baggage that we usually bring to the scene of human suffering.Ex: This function can be used to rid access-point files of unused entries.* ¡Dios nos libre! = God forbid.* ¡Dios nos libre! = heaven forbid.* librar de la necesidad de = relieve of + the necessity of, relieve of + the need to.* librar de la responsabilidad de = relieve of + the burden of.* librar de responsabilidad = relieve of + responsibility.* librar de un apremio = relieve of + pressure.* librar fondos = allocate + funds.* librarse de = disentangle + Reflexivo + from, extricate + Reflexivo + from, rid of, be free from, break + loose from, duck out of.* librar una batalla = wage + battle.* * *librar [A1 ]vtA (liberar) librar a algn DE algo ‹de un peligro› to save sb FROM sthlíbranos del mal ( Relig) deliver us from evil¡Dios nos libre! God o heaven forbid!esto me libra de toda responsabilidad this absolves me o frees me from all responsibilityB ‹batalla/combate› to fightC1 ‹letra/cheque› to draw, issueun cheque librado contra el Banco Salmir a check drawn on the Salmir Bank2 ‹sentencia› to pass■ librarvi( Esp): libro los martes I have Tuesdays off, Tuesday is my day off■ librarselibrarse DE algo:se libraron de un buen castigo they escaped a severe punishmentme libré del servicio militar I got out of doing military service ( colloq)no sé cómo librarme de él I don't know how to get rid of himde ésa no te libras there's no way around it, you can't get out of itlibrarse DE + INF:se libraron de milagro de morir asfixiados by some miracle they escaped being suffocatedse libró de tener que ayudarlo she got out of having to help himsi vas tú, me libro de tener que verla if you go, it'll save me having to see her* * *
librar ( conjugate librar) verbo transitivo
1 ( liberar) librar a algn de algo ‹ de peligro› to save sb from sth;
‹de obligación/responsabilidad› to free sb from sth;◊ ¡Dios nos libre! God forbid!
2 ‹batalla/combate› to fight
librarse verbo pronominal:
librarse de algo ‹de tarea/obligación› to get out of sth;
librarse de un castigo to escape punishment;
se libró de tener que ayudarlo she got out of having to help him;
se libraron de morir asfixiados they escaped being suffocated;
librarse de algn to get rid of sb
librar
I verbo transitivo
1 to free: me libró de un castigo, she let me off from a punishment
2 (una orden de pago) to draw
II vi (tener el día libre) libra los fines de semana, he has weekends off
' librar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
salvar
- batalla
English:
deliver
- draw
- fight
- rid
* * *♦ vt1.[de pagos, impuestos] to exempt sb from; [de algo indeseable] to rid sb of;librar a alguien de [eximir] to free sb from;¡líbreme Dios! God o Heaven forbid!2. [entablar] [pelea, lucha] to engage in;librar una batalla to fight a battle;los manifestantes libraron una batalla campal con la policía the demonstrators fought a pitched battle with the police♦ viEsp [no trabajar] to be off work;libro los lunes I get Mondays off* * *II v/i:libro los lunes I have Mondays off* * *librar vt1) libertar: to deliver, to set free2) : to wagelibrar batalla: to do battle3) : to issuelibrar una orden: to issue an order* * *librar vb (tener el día libre) to have the day off -
2 fight
1. past tense, past participle - fought; verb1) (to act against (someone or something) with physical violence: The two boys are fighting over (= because of) some money they found.) pelear (se), luchar2) (to resist strongly; to take strong action to prevent: to fight a fire; We must fight against any attempt to deprive us of our freedom.) luchar, combatir3) (to quarrel: His parents were always fighting.) pelear (se), discutir
2. noun1) (an act of physical violence between people, countries etc: There was a fight going on in the street.) pelea2) (a struggle; action involving effort: the fight for freedom of speech; the fight against disease.) lucha3) (the will or strength to resist: There was no fight left in him.) combatividad4) (a boxing-match.) combate•- fighter- fight back
- fight it out
- fight off
- fight one's way
- fight shy of
- put up a good fight
fight1 n lucha / peleafight2 vb1. luchar2. pelearsetr[faɪt]1 (struggle) lucha3 (boxing) combate nombre masculino4 (resistance) combatividad nombre femenino, ánimo1 (quarrel) pelear(se) (about/over, por), discutir (about/over, por)2 (in boxing) pelear ( against, contra)3 (with physical violence) pelearse ( with, con) ( against, contra), luchar ( with, con) ( against, contra)1 (bull) lidiar3 (with physical violence) pelearse, luchar4 figurative use (strive to overcome, prevent) luchar, combatir5 SMALLLAW/SMALL recurrir contra6 (fire) apagar, combatir\SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALLto fight a case SMALLLAW/SMALL defenderse contra un cargoto fight it out decidirlo, resolverloto fight one's way through lograr abrirse pasoto fight for one's life luchar por la vidato fight like a tiger luchar como un jabatoto fight a losing battle luchar por una causa perdidato fight shy of something/somebody evitar algo/a alguiento fight to the finish luchar hasta el finalto pick a fight with somebody meterse con alguiento put up a fight oponer resistencia: luchar, combatir, pelearfight vt: luchar contra, combatir contrafight n1) combat: lucha f, pelea f, combate m2) match: pelea f, combate m (en boxeo)3) quarrel: disputa f, pelea f, pleito mn.• batalla s.f.• combate s.m.• cuchillada s.f.• guerra s.f.• lid s.f.• lidia s.f.• lucha s.f.• marimorena s.f.• pelea s.f.• pendencia s.f.• pugna s.f.• rija s.f.• riña s.f.• ruptura s.f.• sarracina s.f.v.(§ p.,p.p.: fought) = batallar v.• batir v.• bregar v.• combatir v.• disputar v.• guerrear v.• lidiar v.• luchar v.• militar v.• pelear v.• pugnar v.• reñir v.
I
1. faɪt(past & past p fought) intransitive verba) \<\<army/country\>\> luchar, combatir; \<\<person\>\> pelear, luchar; \<\<animal\>\> lucharto fight AGAINST somebody/something — luchar contra alguien/algo
to fight FOR somebody/something — \<\<for country/cause\>\> luchar por alguien/algo; \<\<for aim/policy\>\> luchar por conseguir or lograr algo
to fight shy of something: he tends to fight shy of emotional commitments — tiende a eludir or evitar los compromisos afectivos
b) ( quarrel)to fight OVER/ABOUT something — pelearse por algo
c) fighting pres p <troops/units> de combate
2.
vt1)a) \<\<army/country\>\> luchar or combatir contraif you want it, you'll have to fight me for it — si lo quieres vas a tener que vértelas conmigo
Frazier fought Ali for the world title — Frazier peleó contra Ali or se enfrentó a Ali por el título mundial
I had to fight my way into the hall — tuve que abrirme camino or paso a la fuerza para entrar en la sala
b) ( oppose) \<\<fire/disease\>\> combatir; \<\<measure/proposal\>\> combatir, oponerse* awe'll fight them all the way — no les vamos a dar cuartel
2)a) ( conduct)b) ( contest) \<\<election\>\> presentarse awe intend to fight the case — ( Law) pensamos llevar el caso a los tribunales (or defendernos etc)
•Phrasal Verbs:- fight on
II
1) ca) ( between persons) pelea f; (between armies, companies) lucha f, contienda fto put up a good fight — ofrecer* or oponer* resistencia
they're looking for a fight — están buscando camorra or bronca
b) ( boxing match) pelea f, combate m2) ca) ( struggle) lucha fb) ( quarrel) pelea f3) u ( fighting spirit)[faɪt] (vb: pt, pp fought)1. Npick 2., 1)•
to have a fight with sb — pelearse con algn, tener una pelea con algnb) (Boxing) combate m, pelea f2) (Mil) (between armies) lucha f, contienda fthe fight for justice/against inflation — la lucha por la justicia/contra la inflación
•
if he tries to sack me he'll have a fight on his hands — si intenta despedirme le va a costar lo suyo4) (=fighting spirit) ánimo m de luchathere was no fight left in him — ya no le quedaba ánimo de lucha, ya no tenía ánimo para luchar
•
to show (some) fight — mostrarse dispuesto a pelear5) (=resistance)•
police believe the victim put up a fight — la policía cree que la víctima opuso resistencia2. VT1) (Mil) [+ enemy] luchar contra, combatir contra; (Boxing) [+ opponent] pelear contra, luchar contra•
to fight a battle — (Mil) librar una batalla; (fig) lucharI've had to fight quite a battle to get as far as this — he tenido que luchar mucho para llegar hasta aquí
•
to fight sb for sth, he fought the council for the right to build on his land — se enfrentó al ayuntamiento por el derecho a edificar en sus tierrasI'd like to fight him for the title — me gustaría luchar or pelear contra él por el título
•
to fight one's way through a crowd — abrirse paso a la fuerza entre una multitud2) (=combat) [+ fire] combatir; [+ poverty, inflation, crime] combatir, luchar contra; [+ proposal] oponerse a•
I've made up my mind so don't try and fight me on it — lo he decidido, así que no intentes oponerte•
I had to fight the urge to giggle — tuve que esforzarme para no reír, tuve que contener las ganas de reír3) (=try to win) [+ campaign] tomar parte en; [+ election] presentarse a•
he says he'll fight the case all the way to the Supreme Court — dice que si es necesario llevará el caso hasta el Tribunal Supremohe fought his case in various courts for ten years — defendió su causa en varios tribunales durante diez años
•
he's decided to fight the seat for a third time — (Pol) ha decidido presentarse por tercera vez como candidato para el escaño3. VI1) (=do battle) [troops, countries] luchar, combatir ( against contra); [person, animal] pelear; (Boxing) luchar, peleardid you fight in the war? — ¿luchó usted en la guerra?, ¿tomó usted parte en la guerra?
•
I fought for my country — luché por mi país•
the dogs were fighting over a bone — los perros estaban peleando por un hueso2) (=quarrel) discutir, pelear(se) ( with con)•
they usually fight about or over who pays the bills — suelen discutir or pelear(se) por quién paga las facturas•
to fight against disease/crime — luchar contra la enfermedad/el crimen•
to fight for sth/sb — luchar por algo/algnhe was fighting for breath — le faltaba la respiración, respiraba con enorme dificultad
- go down fighting- fight shy of- fight on* * *
I
1. [faɪt](past & past p fought) intransitive verba) \<\<army/country\>\> luchar, combatir; \<\<person\>\> pelear, luchar; \<\<animal\>\> lucharto fight AGAINST somebody/something — luchar contra alguien/algo
to fight FOR somebody/something — \<\<for country/cause\>\> luchar por alguien/algo; \<\<for aim/policy\>\> luchar por conseguir or lograr algo
to fight shy of something: he tends to fight shy of emotional commitments — tiende a eludir or evitar los compromisos afectivos
b) ( quarrel)to fight OVER/ABOUT something — pelearse por algo
c) fighting pres p <troops/units> de combate
2.
vt1)a) \<\<army/country\>\> luchar or combatir contraif you want it, you'll have to fight me for it — si lo quieres vas a tener que vértelas conmigo
Frazier fought Ali for the world title — Frazier peleó contra Ali or se enfrentó a Ali por el título mundial
I had to fight my way into the hall — tuve que abrirme camino or paso a la fuerza para entrar en la sala
b) ( oppose) \<\<fire/disease\>\> combatir; \<\<measure/proposal\>\> combatir, oponerse* awe'll fight them all the way — no les vamos a dar cuartel
2)a) ( conduct)b) ( contest) \<\<election\>\> presentarse awe intend to fight the case — ( Law) pensamos llevar el caso a los tribunales (or defendernos etc)
•Phrasal Verbs:- fight on
II
1) ca) ( between persons) pelea f; (between armies, companies) lucha f, contienda fto put up a good fight — ofrecer* or oponer* resistencia
they're looking for a fight — están buscando camorra or bronca
b) ( boxing match) pelea f, combate m2) ca) ( struggle) lucha fb) ( quarrel) pelea f3) u ( fighting spirit) -
3 luchar
v.1 to fight.luchar contra to fight (against)luchar por to fight for2 to fight against.Nos luchó la aldea vecina The neighboring village fought against us.* * *1 (gen) to fight2 DEPORTE to wrestle* * *verb1) to fight2) struggle3) wrestle* * *VIluchar con o contra algo/algn — to fight (against) sth/sb
luchaba con los mandos — he was struggling o wrestling with the controls
2) (Dep) to wrestle ( con with)* * *verbo intransitivo1)a) (combatir, pelear) to fightb) ( para conseguir algo) to struggle, fightc) ( lidiar) to wrestle, struggle2) (Dep) to wrestle* * *= fight, grapple, struggle, battle, campaign, wage, fight back.Ex. This article deals with the cultural elitism implicit in a willingness to fight censorship of books but not videos.Ex. For some groups it is entirely unreasonable to expect them to grapple with the full 638 pages of AACR2.Ex. Despite the ferment that was going on in the scientific information field during the middle years of the decade of the '50's, the ADI was struggling to survive; membership had shrunk to only 200.Ex. Instead we find ourselves battling to maintain the status quo and not end up with a worse mess than AACR1 and superimposition.Ex. Libraries must campaign more actively for funds.Ex. It is as if libraries find themselves once again mired down in the bureaucratic information policy firefights waged during the Reagan and Bush administrations (1980-1992).Ex. In the meanwhile, librarians could fight back by means of their chequebooks but need to be alert to the strategies by which vendors could take over their functions.----* comenzar a luchar contra = begin + war on.* luchar a brazo partido = fight + tooth and nail.* luchar a muerte = fight to + death, get into + a fight to the death.* luchar con = grapple with, wrestle with.* luchar con el ausentismo = combat + absenteeism.* luchar con los efectos adversos de = combat + the effects of.* luchar contra = combat, contend with, turn + the tide on, brave.* luchar contra corriente = labour + against the grain.* luchar contra el absentismo = combat + absenteeism.* luchar contra el analfabetismo = fight + illiteracy.* luchar contra el fraude = combat + fraud.* luchar contra el racismo = combat + racism.* luchar contra la delincuencia = take + a bite out of crime.* luchar contra la inflación = combat + inflation, fight + inflation.* luchar contra la pobreza = fight + poverty.* luchar contra los elementos = brave + the elements.* luchar contra molinos = tilt against/at + windmills.* luchar contra un fuego = fight + fire.* luchar con uñas y dientes = fight + tooth and nail.* luchar cuerpo a cuerpo = clinch.* luchar en vano = fight + a losing battle.* luchar hasta el final = battle + it out, fight until + the end.* luchar hasta la muerte = fight to + death.* luchar hasta morir = battle + it out.* luchar por = crusade for, war (over), battle + it out for, scramble.* luchar por la justicia = fight for + justice.* luchar por la supremacía = battle for + supremacy.* luchar por los derechos = campaign for + rights.* luchar por una buena causa = fight + the good fight.* luchar por una causa = champion + cause.* luchar por una causa perdida = fight + a losing battle.* luchar una batalla perdida = fight + a losing battle.* * *verbo intransitivo1)a) (combatir, pelear) to fightb) ( para conseguir algo) to struggle, fightc) ( lidiar) to wrestle, struggle2) (Dep) to wrestle* * *= fight, grapple, struggle, battle, campaign, wage, fight back.Ex: This article deals with the cultural elitism implicit in a willingness to fight censorship of books but not videos.
Ex: For some groups it is entirely unreasonable to expect them to grapple with the full 638 pages of AACR2.Ex: Despite the ferment that was going on in the scientific information field during the middle years of the decade of the '50's, the ADI was struggling to survive; membership had shrunk to only 200.Ex: Instead we find ourselves battling to maintain the status quo and not end up with a worse mess than AACR1 and superimposition.Ex: Libraries must campaign more actively for funds.Ex: It is as if libraries find themselves once again mired down in the bureaucratic information policy firefights waged during the Reagan and Bush administrations (1980-1992).Ex: In the meanwhile, librarians could fight back by means of their chequebooks but need to be alert to the strategies by which vendors could take over their functions.* comenzar a luchar contra = begin + war on.* luchar a brazo partido = fight + tooth and nail.* luchar a muerte = fight to + death, get into + a fight to the death.* luchar con = grapple with, wrestle with.* luchar con el ausentismo = combat + absenteeism.* luchar con los efectos adversos de = combat + the effects of.* luchar contra = combat, contend with, turn + the tide on, brave.* luchar contra corriente = labour + against the grain.* luchar contra el absentismo = combat + absenteeism.* luchar contra el analfabetismo = fight + illiteracy.* luchar contra el fraude = combat + fraud.* luchar contra el racismo = combat + racism.* luchar contra la delincuencia = take + a bite out of crime.* luchar contra la inflación = combat + inflation, fight + inflation.* luchar contra la pobreza = fight + poverty.* luchar contra los elementos = brave + the elements.* luchar contra molinos = tilt against/at + windmills.* luchar contra un fuego = fight + fire.* luchar con uñas y dientes = fight + tooth and nail.* luchar cuerpo a cuerpo = clinch.* luchar en vano = fight + a losing battle.* luchar hasta el final = battle + it out, fight until + the end.* luchar hasta la muerte = fight to + death.* luchar hasta morir = battle + it out.* luchar por = crusade for, war (over), battle + it out for, scramble.* luchar por la justicia = fight for + justice.* luchar por la supremacía = battle for + supremacy.* luchar por los derechos = campaign for + rights.* luchar por una buena causa = fight + the good fight.* luchar por una causa = champion + cause.* luchar por una causa perdida = fight + a losing battle.* luchar una batalla perdida = fight + a losing battle.* * *luchar [A1 ]viA1 (combatir, pelear) to fightlucharemos contra los invasores we shall fight the invadersluchar cuerpo a cuerpo to fight hand to hand2 (para conseguir algo, superar un problema) to struggle, fightlucharon por la paz they fought for peaceluchó valientemente contra la enfermedad he struggled o fought bravely against his illnessha luchado mucho para salir adelante en la vida he has struggled hard to get on in life3 (lidiar, batallar) to wrestle, struggle luchar CON algo; ‹con maletas/bultos› to wrestle o struggle WITH sthB ( Dep) to wrestle* * *
luchar ( conjugate luchar) verbo intransitivo
luchar por la paz to fight for peace
d) (Dep) to wrestle
luchar verbo transitivo to fight wrestle
♦ Locuciones: luchar con uñas y dientes, to fight nail and tooth
' luchar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
arena
- batirse
- disputarse
- pelear
- pelearse
- batallar
- competir
- desesperación
- desmayo
- patria
- pugnar
- pujar
English:
antihistamine
- antipollution
- battle
- combat
- contest
- desperately
- escape
- fight
- flounder
- slog out
- struggle
- together
- wildly
- wrestle
- forth
- strive
* * *luchar vi1. [combatir físicamente] to fight;luchar contra to fight (against)2. [enfrentarse] to fight;luchar contra to fight (against);luchar por to fight for3. [esforzarse] to struggle;llevo todo el día luchando con esta traducción I've been struggling o battling with this translation all day long;tuvieron que luchar mucho para sacar a su familia adelante they had to struggle hard to provide for their family4. [en deporte] to wrestle* * *v/i fight ( por for); figfight, struggle ( por for)* * *luchar vi1) : to fight, to struggle2) : to wrestle* * *luchar vb1. to fight [pt. & pp. fought]2. (de lucha libre) to wrestle -
4 kämpfen
I v/i fight ( für, um for) (auch fig.); (ringen, auch fig.) struggle ( mit with; gegen against), wrestle ( mit with); kämpfen gegen fight (against); fig. kämpfen mit auch fight (against), contend ( oder grapple) with; mit Schwierigkeiten: be up against, (have to) face; mit dem Schlaf kämpfen struggle to stay awake; mit den Tränen kämpfen fight back one’s tears; mit etw. zu kämpfen haben have to contend with s.th.; ( lange) mit sich kämpfen have a (long) struggle with o.s.III v/refl: sich durch etw. kämpfen auch fig. fight ( oder battle) one’s way through s.th.; fig. sich nach oben kämpfen fight ( oder claw) one’s way to the top* * *to combat; to tussle; to struggle; to fight; to contend* * *kạ̈mp|fen ['kɛmpfn]1. vito fight, to struggle (um, für for); (SPORT = angreifen) to attackdie Rangers-Elf kämpft morgen gegen Celtic — Rangers are playing (against) Celtic tomorrow
mit den Tränen kämpfen — to fight back one's tears
ich habe lange mit mir kämpfen müssen, ehe... — I had a long battle with myself before...
2. vt (usu fig)Kampf to fight* * *1) (to act against (someone or something) with physical violence: The two boys are fighting over (= because of) some money they found.) fight2) (to fight.) battle3) ((usually with with) to struggle against.) contend5) (to make great efforts or try hard: All his life he has been struggling with illness / against injustice.) struggle* * *kämp·fen[ˈkɛmpfn̩]I. vi1. MIL▪ [für/gegen jdn/etw] \kämpfen to fight [for/against sb/sth]bis auf den letzten Mann \kämpfen to fight to the last man2. SPORT▪ [gegen jdn] \kämpfen to fight [against sb], to contend [with sb]3. (sich angestrengt einsetzen)4. (ringen)mit einem Problem \kämpfen to struggle with a problem; s.a. TräneII. vr* * *1.intransitives Verb1) fight (um, für for)mit jemandem kämpfen — fight [with] somebody
gegen jemanden kämpfen — fight [against] somebody
mit den Tränen kämpfen — (fig.) fight back one's tears
mit dem Schlaf kämpfen — (fig.) struggle to keep awake
mit dem Tod kämpfen — (fig.) fight for one's life or to stay alive
mit etwas zu kämpfen haben — (fig.) have to contend with something
[lange] mit sich (Dat.) kämpfen — have a [long] struggle with oneself
2.gegen jemanden kämpfen — play/fight somebody
reflexives Verb (auch fig.) fight one's way3.transitives Verbeinen Kampf kämpfen — (auch fig.) fight a battle
* * *A. v/i fight (mit with;gegen against), wrestle (mit with);kämpfen gegen fight (against);figkämpfen mit auch fight (against), contend ( oder grapple) with; mit Schwierigkeiten: be up against, (have to) face;mit dem Schlaf kämpfen struggle to stay awake;mit den Tränen kämpfen fight back one’s tears;mit etwas zu kämpfen haben have to contend with sth;(lange) mit sich kämpfen have a (long) struggle with o.s.B. v/t:einen schweren Kampf kämpfen auch fig fight a hard battleC. v/r:figsich nach oben kämpfen fight ( oder claw) one’s way to the top* * *1.intransitives Verb1) fight (um, für for)mit jemandem kämpfen — fight [with] somebody
gegen jemanden kämpfen — fight [against] somebody
mit den Tränen kämpfen — (fig.) fight back one's tears
mit dem Schlaf kämpfen — (fig.) struggle to keep awake
mit dem Tod kämpfen — (fig.) fight for one's life or to stay alive
mit etwas zu kämpfen haben — (fig.) have to contend with something
[lange] mit sich (Dat.) kämpfen — have a [long] struggle with oneself
2.gegen jemanden kämpfen — play/fight somebody
reflexives Verb (auch fig.) fight one's way3.transitives Verbeinen Kampf kämpfen — (auch fig.) fight a battle
* * *(gegen, mit) v.to strive (against, with) v. (um) v.to struggle (for) v. v.to battle v.to brawl v.to combat v.to fight v.(§ p.,p.p.: fought)to tussle v. -
5 Kämpfen
I v/i fight ( für, um for) (auch fig.); (ringen, auch fig.) struggle ( mit with; gegen against), wrestle ( mit with); kämpfen gegen fight (against); fig. kämpfen mit auch fight (against), contend ( oder grapple) with; mit Schwierigkeiten: be up against, (have to) face; mit dem Schlaf kämpfen struggle to stay awake; mit den Tränen kämpfen fight back one’s tears; mit etw. zu kämpfen haben have to contend with s.th.; ( lange) mit sich kämpfen have a (long) struggle with o.s.III v/refl: sich durch etw. kämpfen auch fig. fight ( oder battle) one’s way through s.th.; fig. sich nach oben kämpfen fight ( oder claw) one’s way to the top* * *to combat; to tussle; to struggle; to fight; to contend* * *kạ̈mp|fen ['kɛmpfn]1. vito fight, to struggle (um, für for); (SPORT = angreifen) to attackdie Rangers-Elf kämpft morgen gegen Celtic — Rangers are playing (against) Celtic tomorrow
mit den Tränen kämpfen — to fight back one's tears
ich habe lange mit mir kämpfen müssen, ehe... — I had a long battle with myself before...
2. vt (usu fig)Kampf to fight* * *1) (to act against (someone or something) with physical violence: The two boys are fighting over (= because of) some money they found.) fight2) (to fight.) battle3) ((usually with with) to struggle against.) contend5) (to make great efforts or try hard: All his life he has been struggling with illness / against injustice.) struggle* * *kämp·fen[ˈkɛmpfn̩]I. vi1. MIL▪ [für/gegen jdn/etw] \kämpfen to fight [for/against sb/sth]bis auf den letzten Mann \kämpfen to fight to the last man2. SPORT▪ [gegen jdn] \kämpfen to fight [against sb], to contend [with sb]3. (sich angestrengt einsetzen)4. (ringen)mit einem Problem \kämpfen to struggle with a problem; s.a. TräneII. vr* * *1.intransitives Verb1) fight (um, für for)mit jemandem kämpfen — fight [with] somebody
gegen jemanden kämpfen — fight [against] somebody
mit den Tränen kämpfen — (fig.) fight back one's tears
mit dem Schlaf kämpfen — (fig.) struggle to keep awake
mit dem Tod kämpfen — (fig.) fight for one's life or to stay alive
mit etwas zu kämpfen haben — (fig.) have to contend with something
[lange] mit sich (Dat.) kämpfen — have a [long] struggle with oneself
2.gegen jemanden kämpfen — play/fight somebody
reflexives Verb (auch fig.) fight one's way3.transitives Verbeinen Kampf kämpfen — (auch fig.) fight a battle
* * ** * *1.intransitives Verb1) fight (um, für for)mit jemandem kämpfen — fight [with] somebody
gegen jemanden kämpfen — fight [against] somebody
mit den Tränen kämpfen — (fig.) fight back one's tears
mit dem Schlaf kämpfen — (fig.) struggle to keep awake
mit dem Tod kämpfen — (fig.) fight for one's life or to stay alive
mit etwas zu kämpfen haben — (fig.) have to contend with something
[lange] mit sich (Dat.) kämpfen — have a [long] struggle with oneself
2.gegen jemanden kämpfen — play/fight somebody
reflexives Verb (auch fig.) fight one's way3.transitives Verbeinen Kampf kämpfen — (auch fig.) fight a battle
* * *(gegen, mit) v.to strive (against, with) v. (um) v.to struggle (for) v. v.to battle v.to brawl v.to combat v.to fight v.(§ p.,p.p.: fought)to tussle v. -
6 DRAGA
* * *I)(dreg; dró, drógum; dreginn), v.1) to draw, drag, pull;draga heim viðinn, to drag the logs home;draga árar, to pull the oars;absol., drógu þeir skjótt eptir, they soon pulled up to them;draga boga, to draw the bow;draga segl, to hoist sails (= draga upp segl);draga fisk, to catch, pull up fish with a line;draga kvernstein, to turn the millstone, to grind;við ramman mun reip at draga, it will be pulling a rope against a strong man, i. e. it will be a difficult task;2) to draw, inhale (draga úþefjan með nösum);draga nasir af e-u, to smell a thing;draga öndina, to breathe, live;3) to procure, earn, gain (þegar hann hafði fé dregit sem hann vildi);draga e-m e-t, to procure (or get) one a thing (eigi sögðust þeir vita, at hann drœgi Haraldi ríki);4) to employ as a measure (draga kvarða við viðmál);5) to prolong protract (dvalir þessar drógu tímann);6) to delay, put off, defer;vil ek þessi svör ekki láta draga fyrir mér lengi, I will not wait long for these answers;hann dró um þat engan hlut, he made no subterfuge;7) to delineate, draw a picture (var dregit á skjöldinn leo með gulli);í þann tíma sem hann dregr klæðaföllin (the folds);8) to trim or line garments (treyjan var dregin útan ok innan við rauða silki);with dat., hjálmr hans var dreginn leiri (overlaid with clay), er áðr var (dreginn) gulli;9) intrans to move, draw;drógu þeir þeim svá nær (came so near to them), at;10) with preps.:draga föt, skóklædi af e-m, to pull off one’s clothes, shoes;draga hring af hendi sér, to take off a ring from one’s hand;dró hann þá grunninu, he pulled them off the shallow;draga e-t af e-u, to draw, derive from a source;draga e-t af, to take off (Þ. hafði látit af draga brúna);draga e-t af við e-n, to keep back, withhold, from one;man héðan af eigi af dregit við oss, henceforth we shall no be neglected, stinted;Egill dró at sér skipit, E. pulled the ship close up to himself;draga vél at e-m, to draw wiles around one;draga spott, skaup, at e-u, to hold a thing up to ridicule;draga at lið, föng, to collect troops, stores;dró at honum sóttin, the illness drew closer to him, he grew worse;impers., dró at mætti hans, dró at um matt hans, his strength declined (fell off);til þess er dró at degi, till the day drew near;þá er dregr at jólum, when Yule drew near;dró at því (the time drew near). at hann væri banvænn;tók þá at draga fast at heyjum hans, his stock of hay was rapidly diminishing;svá dregr at mér af elli, svengd, þorsta, I am so overcome by old age, hunger, thirst;nú þykki mér sem fast dragi at þér, that thou art sinking fast;draga hring á hönd sér, to put a ring on one’s hand;draga (grun) á e-t, to suspect;draga á vetr, to rear through the winter (Hrafnkell dró á vetr kálf ok kið);impers., dregr á tunglit, the moon is obscured (= dregr myrkr á tunglit);dimmu þykkir draga á ráðit Odds, it looks as if a cloud was drawing over Odds’ affairs;dregr á gleði biskups, the bishop’s gladness was obscured;draga eptir e-m, to gain on one (Þórarinn sótti ákaft róðrinn ok hans menn, ok drógu skjótt eptir þeim Steinólfi ok Kjallaki);draga eptir e-m um e-t, to approach one, to be nearly equal to one, in a thing;um margar íþróttir (in many accomplishments) dró hann fast eptir Ólafi konungi;draga e-t fram, to produce, bring forward (draga fram athugasamlig dœmi); to further, promote (draga fram hlut e-s);draga fram kaupeyri sinn, to make money;draga fram skip, to launch a ship;impers., dregr frá, (cloud darkness) is drawn off;hratt stundum fyrir, en stundum dró frá, (clouds) drew sometimes over, sometimes off;dregr fyrir sól, tungl, the sun, moon is obscured by clouds or eclipse (tunglskin var ljóst, en stundum dró fyrir);ok er í tók at draga skúrirnar, when showers began to gather;draga e-ð saman, to collect, gather (draga lið, her, skip saman);impers., saman dró kaupmála með þeim, they struck a bargain;saman dró hugi þeirra, their hearts were drawn together;dregr þá saman or dregr saman með þeim, the distance between them grows less;draga e-t í sundr, to draw asunder, disjoin (vil ek eigi draga í sundr sættir yðrar);impers., dregr þá í sundr or dregr í sundr með þeim, the distance between them increases;draga e-n til e-s, to move, prompt, induce;engi ofkæti dregr mik til þessarar ferðar, it is not from wantonness that I undertake this journey;slíkt dregr hann til vinsældar, this furthers his popularity;ef hann drógi ekki til, if he was not concerned;draga e-t til dœmis um e-t, to adduce as a proof of;hann hét at draga allt til sætta (to do everything in his power for reconciliation) með þeim Skota konungi;impers., nema til verra dragi, unless matters turn out for the worse;with dat., þat samband þeirra, er þeim dregr báðum til bana, which will prove fatal to both of them;at hér mundi til mikillar úgiptu draga um kaup þessi, that much mischief would arise from this bargain;dró þá enn til sundrþykkju með þeim Svíum, the old feud with the Swedes began all over again;svá er þat, segir R., ef ekki dregr til, unless some unforesceen thing happens;draga e-t undan e-m, to seek to deprive one of a thing (þeir hafa bundizt í því at draga bœndr undan þér);draga e-t undan, to delay (drógu Skotar undan sættina);hví dregr þú undan at bjóða mér til þín? why dost thou put off inviting me to come?;draga rót undan (tölu), to extract the root;draga undan e-m, to escape from one (nú lægir seglin þeirra ok draga þeir undan oss);impers., hann (acc.) dró undan sem nauðuligast, he had a narrow escape;lítt dró enn undan við þik, there was little chance of drawing out of thy reach;draga e-t undir sik, to apropriate or take fraudulently to oneself (hafði dregit undir sik finnskattinn);impers., dró yðr (acc.) undir hrakningina, en oss (acc.) undan, you came in for hard uasge but we escaped;draga upp skip, to drag a ship ashore;draga upp segl, to hoist a sail (sails);draga upp fisk, to pull up fish with a line;impers., þoku dregr upp, fog is coming on;11) refl., dragast.f. only in pl. ‘drögur’,2) metric term, repetition, anadiplosis (when a stanza begins with the last word of the preceding one).* * *pret. dró, pl. drógu; part. dreginn; pres. dreg: pret. subj. drægi: [Lat. trahere; Ulf. dragan, but only once or twice, = επισωρεύειν in 2 Tim. iv. 3; Hel. dragan = portare, ferre (freq.); A. S. dragan; Germ. tragen; the Engl. distinguishes between to drag and draw, whence the derived words to draggle, trail, drawl; Swed. draga; the Danes have drage, but nearly obliterated except in the special sense to travel,—otherwise they have trække, formed from the mod. Germ. tragen]:—to draw, drag, carry, pull.A. ACT., with acc.I. to drag, carry, pull; hann dró þau öll út, Nj. 131; djöfla þá er yðr munu d. til eilífra kvala, 273; d. heim við, to drag the logs home, 53; d. sauði, to pick sheep out of a fold, Bs. i. 646, Eb. 106; d. skip fram, to launch a ship; d. upp, to draw her up, drag her ashore, Grág. ii. 433; dró Þorgils eptir sér fiskinn, Fs. 129; Egill dró at sér skipit, E. pulled the ship close up to himself, Eg. 221, 306; dró hann þá af grunninu, Fms. vii. 264; hann hafði dregit ( pulled) hött síðan yfir hjálm, Eg. 375, cp. Ad. 3; d. föt, skóklæði af e-m, to draw off clothes, shoes; þá var dregin af ( stripped off) hosa líkinu, Fms. viii. 265; dró hann hana á hönd ser, he pulled it on his hand, Eg. 378; d. hring á hönd sér, to put a ring on one’s hand, 306; (hann) tók gullhring, ok dró ( pulled) á blóðrefilinn, id.: phrases, er við ramman reip at d., ’tis to pull a rope against the strong man, i. e. to cope with the mighty, Fms. ii. 107, Nj. 10,—the metaphor from a game; d. árar, to pull the oars, Fms. ii. 180, Grett. 125 A: absol. to pull, ok drógu skjótt eptir, they soon pulled up to them, Gullþ. 24, Krók. 52: metaph., um margar íþróttir dró hann fast eptir Ólafi, in many accomplishments he pressed hard upon Olave, Fms. iii. 17: d. boga, to draw the bow, x. 362, but more freq. benda ( bend) boga: d., or d. upp segl, to hoist the sails, Eg. 93, Fms. ix. 21, x. 349, Orkn. 260: d. fiska, or simply draga (Luke v. 7), to fish with a hook, to pull up fish with a line (hence fisk-dráttr, dráttr, fishing), Fms. iv. 89, Hým. 21, 23, Fs. 129, Landn. 36, Fas. ii. 31: d. drátt, Luke v. 4; d. net, to fish with a drag-net; also absol., draga á (on or in) á ( a river), to drag a river; hence the metaphor, d. langa nót at e-u, = Lat. longae ambages, Nj. 139: d. steina, to grind in a hand-mill, Sl. 58, Gs. 15: d. bust ór nefi e-m, vide bust: d. anda, to draw breath; d. öndina um barkann, id., (andar-dráttr, drawing breath); d. tönn, to draw a tooth.2. phrases mostly metaph.; d. seim, prop. to draw wire, metaph. to read or talk with a drawling tone; d. nasir af e-u, to smell a thing, Ísl. ii. 136; d. dám af e-u, to draw flavour from; draga dæmi af e-u, or d. e-t til dæmis, to draw an example from a thing, Stj. 13, cp. Nj. 65; d. þýðu eðr samræði til e-s, to draw towards, feel sympathy for, Sks. 358; d. grun á e-t, to suspect, Sturl.; d. spott, skaup, gys, etc. at e-u, to hold a thing up to ridicule, Bs. i. 647; d. á sik dul ok dramb, to assume the air of…, 655 xi. 3; d. á sik ofbeldi ok dramb, Fms. vii. 20; d. e-n á talar, to deceive one, metaphor from leading into a trap, 2 Cor. xii. 17; d. vél at e-m, to deceive one, draw a person into wiles, Nj. 280, Skv. i. 33; d. á vetr, to get one’s sheep and cattle through the winter; Hrafnkell dró á vetr kálf ok kið hin firstu misseri, Hrafn. 22, cp. Germ. anbinden, and in mod. Icel. usage setja á vetr; d. nafn af e-m, to draw, derive the name from, Eb. 126 (App.) new Ed.; the phrase, (hann skyldi ekki) fleiri ár yfir höfuð d., more years should not pass over his head, he must die, Þórð.II. to draw a picture; kross let hann d. í enni á öllum hjálmum með bleiku, Fms. iv. 96; þá dró Tjörvi líkneski þeirra á kamarsvegg, Landn. 247; var dregit á skjöldinn leo með gulli, Ld. 78, Pr. 428; í þann tíma sem hann dregr ( draws) klæða-föllin (the folds), Mar. (Fr.): d. til stafs (mod.), to draw the letters, of children first trying to write; d. fjöðr yfir e-t, a metaph. phrase, to draw a pen over or through, to hide, cloak a thing: gramm. to mark a vowel with a stroke,—a long vowel opp. to a short one is thus called ‘dreginn;’ hljóðstafir hafa tvenna grein, at þeir sé styttir ( short) eða dregnir (drawn, marked with a stroke), ok er því betr dregit yfir þann staf er seint skal at kveða, e. g. ári Ari, ér er-, mínu minni, Skálda 171: to measure, in the phrases, draga kvarða við vaðmál, Grág. i. 497, 498; draga lérept, N. G. L. i. 323.III. to line clothes, etc.; treyja var dregin utan ok innan við rauðu silki, Flov. 19.IV. metaph. to delay; dró hann svá sitt mál, at…, Sturl. iii. 13; hann dró um þat engan hlut, he made no subterfuge, Hkr. ii. 157; Halldórr dró þá heldr fyrir þeim, H. then delayed the time, Ld. 322; vil ek ekki lengr d. þetta fyrir þér, 284; vil ek þessi svör eigi láta d. fyrir mér lengr, Eb. 130.V. with prepp. af, at, á, fram, frá, saman, sundr, etc., answering to the Lat. attrahere, abstrahere, protrahere, detrahere, distrahere, contrahere, etc.; d. at lið, to collect troops; d. saman her, id., Eg. 172, 269, Nj. 127; d. at föng, to collect stores, 208, 259: metaph., þá dró at honum sóttin, the sickness drew nearer to him, he grew worse, Grett. 119; d. af e-m, to take off, to disparage a person, Fms. vi. 287; d. af við e-n, ok mun héðan af ekki af dregit við oss, we shall not be neglected, stinted, Bjarn. 54: mathem. term, to subtract, Rb. 118: d. fram, to bring forward, promote; d. fram þræla, Fms. x. 421, ix. 254, Eg. 354; skil ek þat, at þat man mína kosti hér fram d. (it will be my greatest help here), at þú átt ekki vald á mér; d. fram kaupeyri, to make money, Fms. vi. 8; d. saman, to draw together, collect, join, Bs. ii. 18, Nj. 65, 76; d. sundr, to draw asunder, disjoin; d. e-t á, to intimate, (á-dráttr) drag eigi á þat, Sturl. iii. 110; d. undan, to escape; kómu segli við ok drógu undan, Fms. iv. 201; nú lægir segl þeirra ok d. þeir nú undan oss, v. 11: metaph. to delay, Uspakr dró þó undan allt til nætr, Nj. 272; hirðin sá þetta at svá mjök var undan dregit, Fms. ix. 251 (undan-dráttr, delay); hví dregr þú undan at bjóða mér til þín, Glúm. 326, Fms. ix. 251, Pass. 16. 13: mathem., d. rót undan, to extract a root, Alg. 366; d. upp, to draw a picture (upp-dráttr, a drawing), to pull up, Edda I; to pull out of the snow, Eg. 546; d. út, to extract, draw out, 655 xxxii. 2; d. undir sik, to draw under oneself, to embezzle, Eg. 61, Fms. vii. 128; d. upp akkeri, to weigh anchor, Jb. 403; d. upp segl, to hoist sail, vide above; ljós brann í stofunni ok var dregit upp, Sturl. i. 142; þar brann ljós ok var dregit upp, en myrkt hit neðra, ii. 230; ok er mönnum var í sæti skipat vóru log upp dregin í stofunni, iii. 182; herbergis sveinarnir drógu upp skriðljósin, Fas. iii. 530, cp. Gísl. 29, 113,—in the old halls the lamps (torches) were hoisted up and down, in order to make the light fainter or stronger; d. e-n til e-s, to draw one towards a thing; mikit dregr mik til þess, Fs. 9; engi ofkæti dregr mik til þessarar ferðar, i. e. it is not by my own choice that I undertake this journey, Fms. ix. 352; slíkt dró hann til vinsældar, this furthered him in popularity, vii. 175, Sks. 443 B; mun hann slíkt til d., it will move, influence him, Nj. 210; ef hann drægi ekki til, if he was not concerned, 224.2. draga til is used absol. or ellipt., denoting the course of fate, and many of the following phrases are almost impers.; nema til verra dragi, unless matters turn out worse, Nj. 175; búð, dragi til þess sem vera vill, Lat. fata evenient, 185; ef honum vill þetta til dauða d., if this draw to his death, prove fatal to him, 103, Grett. 114; þat samband þeirra er þeim dregr báðum til bana, which will be fatal to both of them, Nj. 135; enda varð þat fram at koma sem til dró, Ísl. ii. 263; sagði Kveldúlfr at þá ( then) mundi þar til draga sem honum hafði fyrir boðat, Eg. 75; dró til vanda með þeim Rúti ok Unni, it was the old story over again, Nj. 12; dró til vanda um tal þeirra, 129; at hér mundi til mikillar úgiptu draga um kaup þessi, that mickle mischief would arise from this bargain, 30; dró þá enn til sundrþykkju með þeim Svíum, the old feud with the Swedes began over again, Fms. x. 161; ok er úvíst til hvers um dregr, Fs. 6; svá er þat, segir Runólfr, ef ekki dregr til, unless some unforeseen things happen, Nj. 75; hón kvað eigi úlíkligt at til mikils drægi um, Ísl. ii. 19; þá dró nú til hvárttveggja. Bret.; hence til-drög. n. pl. cause.B. IMPERS.1. of clouds, shade, darkness, to be drawn before a thing as a veil; dimmu (acc.) þykir á draga ráðit Odds, it looked as if gloom were drawing over Odd’s affairs, Band. 10; ok er í tók at draga skúrirnar (acc.), it began to draw into showers, i. e. clouds began to gather, Fms. iii. 206: often ellipt., hratt stundum fyrir en stundum dró frá, [ clouds] drew sometimes over, sometimes off, of the moon wading through them, Grett. 114; dregr fyrir sól, [ a veil] draws over the sun, he is hid in clouds; ský vónarleysu döpur drjúgum dró fyrir mína gleði-sól, Bb. 2. 9; dregr á gleði biskups, [ clouds] drew over the bishop’s gladness, it was eclipsed, Bs. ii. 79; eclipsis heitir er fyrir dregr sól eðr tungl, it is called an eclipse when [ a veil] draws over the sun or moon, 1812. 4; tunglskin var ljóst, en stundum dró fyrir, the moonshine was clear, and in turn [ a veil] drew over it, Nj. 118; þá sá lítið af tungli ljóst ok dró ymist til eðr frá, Ísl. ii. 463; þat gerðisk, at á dregr tunglit, ok verðr eclipsis, Al. 54.2. in various connections; dró yðr (acc.) undir hrakningina, en oss (acc.) undan, you were drawn into a thrashing (i. e. got one), but we escaped, Nj. 141; hann (acc.) dró undan sem nauðuligast, he had a narrow escape, Fms. ix. 392: absol., a noun or personal pronoun in acc. being understood, lítt dró enn undan við þik, there was little power of drawing out of thy reach, i. e. thy blow did its work right well. Nj. 199, 155; hvárki dró sundr né saman með þeim, of two running a dead heat: metaph. phrases, mun annarsstaðar meira slóða (acc.) draga, there will be elsewhere a greater trial left, i. e. the consequences will be still worse elsewhere, 54; saman dró hugi þeirra, their hearts were drawn together, of a loving pair, Bárð. 271; saman dró kaupmála með þeim, they struck a bargain, literally the bargain was drawn tight, Nj. 49; hann hreinsar þat skjótt þóat nokkut im (acc.) hafi á oss dregit af samneyti ( although we have been a little infected by the contact with) annarlegs siðferðis, Fms. ii. 261; allt slafr (acc.) dró af Hafri, i. e. H. became quite mute, Grett. (in a verse): in a temp. sense, til þess er dró at degi, till the day drew nigh, Fms. x. 138; þá er dró at miðri nótt, Grett. 140; þá er dregr at Jólum, Yule drew nigh, Fbr. 138; dregr at hjaldri, the battle-hour draws nigh, Fms. vi. (in a verse); dró at því (the time drew nigh), at hann var banvænn, Eg. 126: of sickness, hunger, or the like, to sink, be overcome by, svá dregr at mér af elli, svengd ok þorsta, at…, Fms. iii. 96; nú þykki mér sem fast dragi at þér, thou art sinking fast, Fas. ii. 221; ok er lokið var kvæðinu dregr at Oddi fast, O. was sinking fast, 321: of other things, tók þá at d. fast at heyjum hans, his stock was very low, Fms. iii. 208; þoku dregr upp, a fog draws on, rises, 97 (in a verse), but ok taki sú poka (nom.) fyrir at d. norðrljósit, Sks. an (better þá þoku, acc.)C. REFLEX, to draw oneself, move; ef menn dragask til föruneytis þeirra ( join them) úbeðit, Grág. ii. 270; Sigvaldi dregsk út frá flotanum, S. draws away from the fleet, Fms. xi. 140; ofmjök dragask lendir menn fram, i. e. the barons drew far too forward, vii. 22; hyski drósk á flótta, they drew away to flight, Fms. vi. (in a verse); skeiðr drógusk at vígi, the ships drew on to battle, iii. 4 (in a verse); dragask undir = draga undir sik, to take a thing to oneself, Grág. ii. 150; dragask á hendr e-m, drógusk opt þeir menn á hendr honum er úskilamenn voru, Sturl. i. 136; dragask e-n á hendr, hann kvað þess enga ván, at hann drægisk þá á hendr, ii. 120; dragask aptr á leið, to remain behind, Rb. 108; dragask út, to recede, of the tide, 438; dragask saman, to draw back, draw together, be collected, Fms. i. 25, Bs. i. 134; e-m dragask penningar, Fms. vi. 9; d. undan, to be delayed, x. 251; the phrase, herr, lið dregsk e-m, the troops draw together, of a levy, i. 94, vii. 176, Eg. 277; dragask á legg, to grow up, Hkr. iii. 108; sem aldr hans ok vitsmunir drógusk fram, increased, Fms. vi. 7; þegar honum drósk aldr, when he grew up, Fs. 9; dragask á legg, to grow into a man; dragask við e-t, to become discouraged, Fms. viii. 65; d. vel, illa, to do well, ill, Fs. 146: to be worn out, exhausted, drósk þá liðit mjök af kulda, Sturl. iii. 20; drósk hestr hans, ii. 75: part. dreginn, drawn, pinched, starved, hestar mjök dregnir, Fms. ix. 276; görðisk fénaðr dreginn mjök, drawn, thin, iii. 208; stóð þar í heykleggi einn ok dregit at öllu megin, a tapering hayrick, Háv. 53: of sickness, Herra Andrés lagðisk sjúkr, ok er hann var dreginn mjök, Fms. ix. 276.β. recipr., þau drógusk um einn gullhring, they fought, pulled. Fas. iii. 387. From the reflex. probably originates, by dropping the reflex. suffix, the mod. Swed. and Dan. at draga = to go, esp. of troops or a body of men; in old writers the active form hardly ever occurs in this sense (the reading drógu in the verse Fms. iii. 4 is no doubt false); and in mod. usage it is equally unknown in Icel., except maybe in allit. phrases as, e. g. út á djúpið hann Oddr dró, Snot 229 new Ed.; to Icel. ears draga in this sense sounds strange; even the reflex. form is seldom used in a dignified sense; vide the references above. -
7 EIGA
* * *I)(á, átta, áttr), v.1) to own, possess (Starkaðr átti hest góðan);2) to have (eiga börn, föður, móður, vin);eiga konu, to have her for wife;hann átti Gró, he was married to G.;hann gekk at eiga Þóru, he took Th. for his wife, he married Th.;enga vil ek þessa eiga, I will not marry any of these;eiga heima, to have a home, to live (þeir áttu heima austr í Mörk);eiga sér e-t = eiga e-t (Höskuldr átti sér dóttur, er Hallgerðr hét);eiga ván e-s, to have hope of a thing, to reckon upon;eiga hlut at or í e-u, to have a share in a thing, to be concerned in;eiga vald á e-u, to have within one’s power;3) to be under obligation, be obliged, have to do a thing;tólf menn, þeir er fylgð áttu með konungi, who were bound to attend the king’s person;á ek þar fyrir at sjá, I am bound (I have) to see to that;átti Hrútr för í Vestfjorðu, H. had to go to the V.;4) to have a right (claim) to, be entitled to (eiga högg ok höfn í skóginum);eiga mál í e-m, to have a charge against one;eiga rétt á sér, to have a (personal) claim to redress;5) to keep, hold;eiga fund, þing, samkvámu, stefnu, to hold a meeting;eiga kaupstefnu, to hod a market;eiga orrustu við e-n, to fight a battle with one;eiga högg við e-n, to exchange blows with one;eiga illt við e-n, to quarrel with;eiga tal (or mál) við e-n, to speak, converse with one;6) as an auxiliary with pp. = hafa (þat er við áttum mælt);eiga skilit, to have stipulated;7) to have to (skal Þ. eigi at því eiga at spotta);eiga hendr sínar it verja, to have to act in self-defence;eiga um vandræði at halda, to be in a strait;8) eiga e-m e-t, to owe to one (mun æ, hvat þú átt þeim er veitir);þat muntu ætla, at ek mun eiga hinn bleika uxann, that the fawn-coloured ox means me;10) with preps.:eiga e-t at e-m, to have something due from one, to expect from one (þat vil ek eiga at þér, at þú segir mér frá ferð þinni);to deserve from one (ok á ek annat at þér);þeir er mikit þóttust at sér eiga, had much in their power;eiga e-t eptir, to have to do yet, to have left undone (þat áttu eptir, er erfiðast er, en þat er at deyja);to leave behind one (andaðist ok átti eptir tvá sonu vaxna);eiga e-t saman, to own in common;eiga skap saman, to agree well, be of one mind;eigi veit ek, hvárt við eigum heill saman, whether we shall live happy together;eiga saman, to quarrel, = eiga deild saman;eiga um við e-n, to have to deal with (við brögðótta áttu nú um);þar sem við vini mína er um at eiga, where my friends are concerned;eiga e-t undir e-m, to have in another’s hands;Njáll átti mikit fé undir Starkaði ok í Sandgili, N. had much money out at interest with St. and at Sandgil, er sá eigi vel staddr, er líf sitt á undir þinum trúnaði, whose life depends on thy good faith;eiga mikit (lítit) undir sér, to have much (little) in one’s power;far þú við marga menn, svá at þú eigir allt undir þér, that the whole matter rests in thy own hands;hann sá, at hann átti ekki undir sér, that he had no influence;eiga við e-n, to have to do with, fight with (brátt fundu þeir, at þeir áttu þar ekki við sinn maka);ekki á ek þetta við þik, this is no business between thee and me;eiga gott (illt) við e-n, to be on good (bad) terms with one;eiga við konu, to have intercourse with, = eiga lag (samræði) við konu;recipr., eigast við, to deal with one another; fight, quarrel;eigast við deildir, to be engaged in strife;áttust þeir höggvaskipti við, they exchanged blows with one another.f.1) possession;kasta sinni eigu, leggja sína eigu, í e-t, to take possession of;2) property.* * *pret. átti; pret. subj. ætti, pres. eigi; pres. ind. á, 2nd pers. átt (irreg. eigr, Dipl. v. 24), pl. eigum, 3rd pers. pl. old form eigu, mod. eiga; imperat. eig and eigðu; sup. átt; with suffixed neg. pres. ind. 1st pers. á’k-at, 2nd pers. átt-attu; pret. subj. ættim-a: [Gr. ἔχω; Goth. aigan; A. S. âgan; Hel. êgan; O. H. G. eigan; Swed. äga; Dan. eje; Engl. to owe and own, of which the former etymologically answers to ‘eiga,’ the latter to ‘eigna’]:—to have, possess.A. ACT.I. denoting ownership, to possess:1. in a proper sense; allt þat góz sem þeir eiga eðr eigandi verða, D. N. i. 80; hann eigr hálfa jörðina, Dipl. v. 24; Björn hljóp þá á skútu er hann átti, Eb. 6; Starkaðr átti hest góðan, Nj. 89; þau áttu gnótt í búi, 257; hón á allan arf eptir mik, 3; átti hón auð fjár, Ld. 20; ef annarr maðr ferr með goðorð en sá er á, Grág. i. 159; annat vápnit, ok á þat Þorbjörn, en Þorgautr á þetta, Ísl. ii. 341; eignir þær er faðir hans hafði átt, Eb. 4; í ríki því er Dana konungar höfðu átt þar lengi, Fms. xi. 301, Rb. 494, Eb. 54, 118, 256, 328, Sturl. ii. 60, Eg. 118; e. saman, to own in common, Grág. i. 199; ef tveir menn eigo bú saman, ii. 44; e. skuld (at e-m), to be in debt, Engl. to owe; en ef hann átti engar skuldir, if he owed no debts, i. 128; þar til átti honum ( owed him) meistari Þorgeirr ok þá mörk, D. N. iv. 288 (Fr.); e. fé undir e-m, to be one’s creditor, Nj. 101; in mod. usage, e. fé hjá e-m, or ellipt., e. hjá e-m.2. in a special sense;α. eiga konu, to have her to wife; hann átti Gró, Eb. 16; hann átti Ynghvildi, 3; Þorgerðr er (acc.) átti Vigfúss, … Geirríðr er (acc.) átti Þórólfr, 18; hann gékk at eiga Þóru, he married Thora, id.; Þuríði hafði hann áðr átta, Thorida had been his first wife, 42; enga vil ek þessa e., I will not marry any of these, Nj. 22; Björn átti þá konu er Valgerðr hét, 213, 257; faðir Hróðnýjar er átti Þorsteinn, Landn. 90; Ásdísi átti síðar Skúli, S. was A.’s second husband, 88; Þorgerðr er átti Önundr sjóni, 89; Vigdís er átti Þorbjörn enn digri, 87; Árnþrúðr er átti Þórir hersir, 66; Húngerð er átti Svertingr, 6l, 86, and in numberless passages: old writers hardly ever say that the wife owns her husband—the passages in Edda 109 (vide elja) and Nj. 52 (til lítils kemr mér at eiga hinn vaskasta mann á Íslandi) are extraordinary—owing to the primitive notion of the husband’s ‘jus possessionis’ (cp. brúðkaup); but in mod. usage ‘eiga’ is used indiscriminately of both wife and husband; Icel. even say, in a recipr. sense, eigast, to own one another, to be married: þau áttust, they married; hann vildi ekki at þau ættist, hann bannaði þeim að eigast, he forbade them to marry:—to the ancients such a phrase was almost unknown, and occurs for the first time in K. Á. 114.β. eiga börn, to have children, of both parents; áttu þau Jófriðr tíu börn, J. and her husband had ten bairns, Eg. 708; hann átti dóttur eina er Unnr hét, Nj. 1; þau Þorsteinn ok Unnr áttu son er Steinn hét, Eb. 10, Nj. 91, 257; áttu þau Þórhildr þrjá sonu, 30; e. móður, föður, to have a mother, father, Eb. 98; vænti ek ok, at þú eigir illan föður, id.γ. the phrase, e. heima, to have a home; þeir áttu heima austr í Mörk, Nj. 55; því at ek tek eigi heim í kveld, þar sem ek á heima út á Íslandi, 275; in mod. usage = to live, abide, in regard to place, cp. the questions put to a stranger, hvað heitir maðrinn? hvar áttu heima? used in a wider sense than búa.δ. eiga sér, to have, cp. ‘havde sig’ in Dan. ballads; Höskuldr átti sér dóttur er Hallgerðr hét, Nj. 3; ef hann á sér í vá veru, Hm. 25, (freq. in mod. use.)3. without strict notion of possession; e. vini, óvini, to have friends, enemies, Nj. 101; hverja liðveizlu skal ek þar e. er þú ert, what help can I reckon upon from thee? 100; e. ván e-s, to have hope of a thing, to reckon upon, 210; e. til, to have left; ekki eigu it annat til ( there is nothing left for you) nema at biðja postulann. Jóh. 623. 22: in mod. usage e. til means to own, to have left; hann á ekkert til, he is void of means, needy; eiga góða kosti fjár, to be in good circumstances, Ísl. ii. 322; e. vald á e-u, to have within one’s power, Nj. 265; the phrase, e. hlut at e-u, or e. hlut í e-u, to have a share, be concerned with; eptir þat átti hann hlut at við mótstöðumenn Gunnars, 101, 120; þar er þú ættir hlut at, where thou wast concerned, 119; mik uggir at hér muni eigi gæfu-menn hlut í e., 179: hence ellipt., e. í e-u, to be engaged in, chiefly of strife, adversity, or the like; thus, e. í stríði, fátaekt, baráttu, to live, be deep in struggle, want, battle, etc.II. denoting duty, right, due, obligation:1. to be bound, etc.; þeir menn er fylgð áttu með konungi, the men who owed following to (i. e. were bound to attend) the king’s person, Fms. vii. 240; á ek þar fyrir at sjá, I am bound to see to that, Eg. 318; Tylptar-kviðr átti um at skilja, Eb. 48; þeir spurðu hvárt Njáli þætti nokkut e. at lýsa vígsök Gunnars, Nj. 117; nú áttu, Sigvaldi, now is thy turn, now ought thou, Fms. xi. 109, Fs. 121; menn eigu ( men ought) at spyrja at þingfesti, Grág. i. 19; þá á þann kvið einskis meta, that verdict ought to be void, 59; ef sá maðr á ( owns) fé út hér er ómagann á ( who ought) fram at færa, 270; nú hafa þeir menn jammarga sem þeir eigu, as many as they ought to have, ii. 270; tíunda á maðr fé sitt, … þá á hann þat at tíunda, … þá á hann at gefa sálugjafir, i. 202:—‘eiga’ and ‘skal’ are often in the law used indiscriminately, but properly ‘ought’ states the moral, ‘shall’ the legal obligation,—elska skalt þú föður þinn og móður, þú skalt ekki stela, where ‘átt’ would be misplaced; sometimes it is merely permissive, gefa á maðr vingjafir at sér lifanda, ef hann vill, a man ‘may’ whilst in life bequeath to his friends, if he will, id.; maðr á at gefa barni sínu laungetnu tólf aura, ef hann vill, fyrir ráð skaparfa sinna, en eigi meira nema erfingjar lofi, a man ‘may’ bequeath to the amount of twelve ounces to his illegitimate child without leave of the lawful heir, etc., 203; ef þat á til at vilja, if that is to happen, Fas. i. 11.2. denoting claim, right, to own, be entitled to, chiefly in law phrases; e. dóm, sakir, to own the case, i. e. be the lawful prosecutor; ok á sá þeirra sakir, er …, Grág. i. 10; eðr eigu þeir eigi at lögum, or if they be not entitled to it, 94; e. mál á e-m, to have a charge against one, Nj. 105; e. rétt á e-u, to own a right; sá sem rétt á á henni, who has a right to her, K. Á. 16; þeir sögðu at þeim þótti slíkr maðr mikinn rétt á sér e., such a man had a strong personal claim to redress, Nj. 105; hence the phrase, eiga öngan rétt á sér, if one cannot claim redress for personal injury; þá eigu þeir eigi rétt á sér, then they have no claim to redress whatever, Grág. i. 261; e. sök, saka-staði á e-u, to have a charge against; þat er hann átti öngva sök á, Nj. 130; saka-staði þá er hann þótti á eiga, 166; kalla Vermund eigi ( not) eiga at selja sik, said V. had no right to sell them, Eb. 116: hence in mod. usage, eiga denotes what is fit and right, þú átt ekki að göra það, you ought not; eg ætti ekki, I ought not: in old writers eiga is seldom strictly used in this sense, but denotes the legal rather than the moral right.β. eiga fé at e-m (mod. e. hjá e-m), to be one’s creditor, Grág. i. 90, 405, Band. 1 C: metaph. to deserve from one, ok áttu annat at mér, Nj. 113; e. gjafir at e-m, 213; in a bad sense, kváðusk mikit e. at Þráni, they had much against Thrain, 138.γ. the law phrase, e. útkvæmt, fært, to have the right to return, of a temporary exile, Nj. 251: at hann skyli eigi e. fært út hingat, Grág. i. 119; ok á eigi þingreitt, is not allowed to go to the parliament, ii. 17; e. vígt, Grág., etc.III. denoting dealings or transactions between men (in a meeting, fight, trade, or the like), to keep, hold; þætti mér ráðliga at vér ættim einn fimtardóm, Nj. 150; e. orrustu við e-n, to fight a battle, Fms. i. 5, Eg. 7; e. högg við e-n, to exchange blows, 297; e. vápna-viðskipti, id., Fms. ii. 17; eiga handsöl at e-u, to shake hands, make a bargain, x. 248; e. ráð við e-n, to consult, hold a conference with, Nj. 127; e. tal við e-n, to speak, converse with one, 129; e. mál við e-n, id., Grág. i. 10; e. fund, to hold a meeting, Nj. 158; e. þing, samkvámu, stefnu, to hold a meeting, Eg. 271; þetta haust áttu menn rétt (a kind of meeting) fjölmenna, Eb. 106; e. kaupstefnu, to hold a market, exchange, 56; e. féránsdóm, Grág. i. 94; e. gott saman, to live well together, in peace and goodwill, Ld. 38; e. illt við e-n, to deal ill with, quarrel with, Nj. 98; e. búisifjar, q. v., of intercourse with neighbours, Njarð. 366; e. drykkju við e-n, to be one’s ‘cup-mate,’ Eg. 253; e. við e-n, to deal with one; ekki á ek þetta við þik, this is no business between thee and me, Nj. 93; gott vilda ek við alla menn e., I would live in goodwill with all, 47; e. við e-n, to fight one; eigum vér ekki við þá elligar (in a hostile sense), else let us not provoke them, 42; eðr hvárt vili it Helgi e. við Lýting einn eðr bræðr hans báða, 154; brátt fundu þeir, at þeir áttu þar eigi við sinn maka, Ld. 64; Glúmr kvað hann ekki þurfa at e. við sik, G. said he had no need to meddle with him, Glúm. 338; e. um að vera, to be concerned; ekki er við menn um at e., Nj. 97; þar sem við vini mína er um at e., where my friends are concerned, 52; við færi er þá um at e., ef Kári er einn, there are fewer to deal with, to fight, if K. be alone, 254; við brögðótta áttu nú um, Fms. v. 263; ætla ek at oss mun léttara falla at e. um við Svein einn, iv. 80; Sveinn svarar, at þeir áttu við ofrefli um at e., that they had to deal with odds, 165.β. almost as an auxiliary verb; e. skilt (skilit), to have stipulated; hafa gripina svá sem hann átti skill, Fms. vi. 160; þat átta ek skilit við þik, ii. 93; sem Hrani átti skilt, iv. 31; e. mælt, of oral agreement; sem vit áttum mælt með okkr, xi. 40; þá vil ek þat mælt e., 124: in mod. usage e. skilit means to deserve, eg á ekki þetta skilit af hér, etc.γ. sometimes used much like geta; við því átti Búi eigi gert, B. could not guard against that, Fms. i. 117, cp. xi. 109:—also, e. bágt, to be in a strait, poor, sickly; e. heimilt, to have at one’s disposal, Eb. 254.IV. to have to do; skal Þorleifr eigi ( not) e. at því at spotta, Eb. 224; e. hendr sínar at verja, to have to defend one’s own hands, to act in self-defence, Nj. 47; e. e-m varlaunað, to stand in debt to one, 181; e. um vandræði at halda, to be in a strait, Eb. 108; e. erindi, to have an errand to run, 250; en er þeir áttu um þetta at tala, when they had to talk, were talking, of this, Stj. 391; e. ríkis at gæta, to have the care of the kingdom, Nj. 126; en þó á ek hverki at telja við þik mægðir né frændsemi, i. e. I am no relation to thee, 213; ok ætti þeir við annan at deila fyrst, 111; e. mikið at vinna, to be much engaged, hard at work, 97; e. e-t eptir, to have left a thing undone, 56; e. för, ferð, to have a journey to take, 11, 12; hann átti þar fé at heimta, 261; e. eptir mikit at mæla, 88.2. metaph. in the phrases, e. mikit (lítið) ‘at’ ser, or ‘undir’ sér, to have much (or little) in one’s power; margir menn, þeir er mikit þóttusk at sér e., Sturl. i. 64; far þú við marga menn, svá at þú eigir allt undir þér, go with many men, so that thou hast the whole matter in thy hands, Ld. 250; en ávalt átta ek nokkuð undir mér, Vígl. 33; kann vera at hann eigi mikit undir sér, Fas. i. 37; eigum heldr undir oss ( better keep it in our own hands), en ganga í greipar þeim mæðginum, Fs. 37; sem þeir, er ekki eigu undir sér, who are helpless and weak, Þorst. St. 55; e. þykisk hann nokkut undir sér, i. e. he bears himself very proudly, Grett. 122; þetta ráð vil ek undir sonum mínum e., I will leave the matter in my sons’ hands, Valla L. 202; e. líf sitt undir e-m, to have one’s life in another’s hands, Grett. 154; mun ek nú senda eptir mönnum, ok e. eigi undir ójöfnuði hans, and trust him not, 110: hence in mod. usage, e. undir e-u, to risk; eg þori ekki að e. undir því, I dare not risk it: e. saman, to have or own in common; the saying, það á ekki saman nema nafnið, it has nothing but the name in common; rautt gull ok bleikt gull á ekki saman nema nafn eitt, Fms. v. 346: the proverb, þeygi á saman gamalt og ungt, Úlf. 3. 44; e. skap saman, to agree well; kemr þú þér því vel við Hallgerði, at it eigit meir skap saman, you are quite of one mind, Nj. 66; eigi veit ek hvárt við eigum heill saman, I know not whether we shall have luck, i. e. whether we shall live happy, together, 3.β. to deal with one another (sam-eign); er vér skulum svá miklu úgæfu saman e., that we are to have so much mischief between us, Nj. 201; e. e-t yfir höfði, to have a thing hanging over one’s head, Sks. 742.V. to agree with, to fit, to suit one:1. with acc., það á ekki við mig, it suits me not, it agrees not with me.2. with dat., medic. to agree, heal, the sickness in dat., thus the proverb, margt á við mörgu, cp. ‘similia similibus curantur,’ Vidal. ii. 109.3. absol. to apply to; at hann skyldi eigi trúa lágum manni rauðskeggjuðum, því at meistarinn átti þetta, the description suited to the master, Fms. xi. 433; þat muntu ætla, at ek muna e. hinn bleika uxann, that the dun ox means me, Vápn. 21.B. REFLEX., in a reciprocal sense, in the phrase, eigask við, to deal with one another, chiefly to fight; en er þeir höfðu langa hríð við átzk, when they had fought a long time, Eb. 238, 74; eigask við deildir, to be engaged in strife, 246; áttusk þeir höggva-viðskipti við, they came to a close fight, Fms. i. 38; áttusk þeir fá högg við, áðr …, they had a short fight before …, Eg. 297; fátt áttusk þeir við Þjóstólfr ok Þorvaldr, Thostolf and Thorwald had little to do with one another, kept aloof from each other, Nj. 18; var nú kyrt þann dag, svá at þeir áttusk ekki við, tbat day passed quietly, so that they came not to a quarrel, 222.β. to marry, vide above (A. I. 2). -
8 heiß
I Adj.1. hot; Land, Wüste: torrid; Stirn etc., bei Fieber: hot; glühend heiß red-hot; Sand, Sonne etc.: scorching; siedend heiß boiling hot; heiß machen heat (up); mir ist heiß I’m hot; mir wird heiß I’m getting hot; das Kind ist ganz heiß the baby feels hot; ihm wurde heiß und kalt ( vor Angst) he went hot and cold (with fear); heiß! bei Suchspielen: hot!; heiße Spur fig. hot trail; Draht 2, Nadel 12. fig. (heftig) vehement, fierce; (leidenschaftlich) fiery; Liebesaffäre: auch passionate; (inbrünstig) fervent; heißes Blut hot blood ( oder temper); heißes Blut haben be hot-blooded; heißen Dank! umg. thanks a lot; heißer Krieg shooting war; heiße Tränen weinen weep bitterly; was ich nicht weiß, macht mich nicht heiß umg. ignorance is bliss, what you don’t know can’t hurt you; ganz heiß sein auf umg. be wild about4. (gefährlich) Geld, Ware etc.: hot; heißer Sommer long, hot summer; das Land steht vor einem heißen Herbst things are likely to get pretty hot in the country this autumn; heißes Thema (highly) controversial issue, Am. auch hot-button topic; Eisen 35. PHYS. (radioaktiv) hot7. umg. (mit guten Aussichten) Favorit, Tipp: hot; ein heißer Anwärter auf den Posten / Titel a hot prospect for the post / titleII Adv.1. die Sonne brennt heiß herunter the sun is burning down; sie haben sich die Köpfe heiß geredet they talked themselves silly, they talked till they were blue in the face; (haben sich gestritten) they went at it hammer and tongs; den haben sie ( als Kind) wohl zu heiß gebadet! umg. they must have dropped him on his head when he was a baby; es wird nichts so heiß gegessen, wie es gekocht wird Sprichw. things are never as bad as they look2. fig. (leidenschaftlich) fervently, ardently; heiß begehrt coveted; heiß begehrt sein auch be in great demand; etw. heiß ersehnen long for (fervently); heiß ersehnt longed-for; Brief etc.: auch long-awaited; heiß geliebt dearly ( stärker: passionately) loved; meine heiß geliebte Frau my dearly beloved wife; heiß ( und innig) lieben love s.o. madly; (auch Sache) adore, be wild about umg.; heiß umkämpft sein be fiercely fought over, be the object of fierce fighting; fig. Wahlkreis, Sieg: be hotly ( oder fiercely) contested; die Stadt ist heiß umkämpft fierce battles are being fought over the town; heiß umstritten highly controversial; (Thema etc.) auch hotly debated; hergehen 2* * *thermal; ardent; zealous; hot* * *1. adj1) hot; Zone torridbrennend/siedend/glühend héíß — burning/boiling/scorching hot
drückend héíß — oppressively hot
jdm ist/wird héíß — sb is/is getting hot
sie hat einen héíßen Kopf (wegen Fieber) — she has a burning forehead; (vom Denken) her head is spinning
héíße Tränen weinen — to cry one's heart out
mit der héíßen Nadel genäht — thrown together
ein Paar Heiße (dial) — a couple of hot sausages
See:→ baden2) (= heftig) Diskussion, Kampf, Auseinandersetzung heated, fierce; Zorn impassioned; Begierde passionate, burning; (= innig) Liebe, Wunsch burning, ferventhéíßen Dank — very many thanks
3) (= aufreizend) Musik, Sachen, Bilder hot; (inf = sexuell erregt) hot, randy (Brit inf horny (inf)ein héíßes Eisen — a hot potato
ein héíßes Eisen anfassen (inf) — to grasp the nettle
5) attr (inf) Favorit, Tip, Maschine hotein héíßer Ofen — a motorbike
6)2. adv1)héíß baden — to have a hot bath
es überläuft mich héíß und kalt — I feel hot and cold all over
es wird nichts so héíß gegessen, wie es gekocht wird (prov) — things are never as bad as they seem
2)héíß ersehnt — much longed for
héíß geliebt — dearly beloved
eine héíß geführte Diskussion — a passionate discussion
es ging héíß her — things got heated
das Gebiet/die Stadt ist héíß umkämpft — the area/town is being hotly or fiercely fought over
ein héíß umkämpfter Markt — a fiercely contested market
héíß umstritten (Frage) — hotly debated; Künstler etc highly controversial
jdn/etw héíß und innig lieben — to love sb/sth madly
See:* * *1) (angrily; passionately: The accusations were hotly denied.) hotly2) (having or causing a great deal of heat: a hot oven; That water is hot.) hot3) (very warm: a hot day; Running makes me feel hot.) hot5) (passionate: a torrid love affair.) torrid* * *[hais]I. adj1. (sehr warm) hot[jdm] etw \heiß machen to heat [or warm] up sth sep [for sb]▪ jdm ist/wird es \heiß sb is/gets hotist das \heiß! it's so hot!2. (heftig) heatedeine \heiße Debatte a heated debateein \heißer Kampf a fierce fight\heiß umkämpfter Markt hotly contested market3. (innig) ferventeine \heiße Liebe a burning loveein \heißer Wunsch a fervent wish6. (brisant) explosiveein \heißes Thema an explosive issuedie Polizei ist auf einer \heißen Fährte the police are on a hot trail11. (neugierig)II. adv1. (sehr warm) hot\heiß laufen Maschinenteil to overheat; Debatte, Gespräch to become heated; Telefonleitungen, Drähte to buzz2. (innig) ardently, fervently\heiß ersehnt much longed for\heiß geliebt dearly belovedmein \heiß geliebter Mann my dearly beloved husband3. (erbittert) fiercely\heiß umkämpft fiercely contested\heiß umstritten hotly disputed; (Person) highly controversial4. NUKL\heißes Atom hot [or recoil] atom\heiße Chemie hot chemistry5.▶ es wird nichts so \heiß gegessen, wie es gekocht wird (prov) things are not as bad as they first seem▶ jdn überläuft es \heiß und kalt sb feels hot and cold all over* * *1.1) hot; hot, torrid < zone>brennend/glühend heiß — burning/scorching hot
kochend heiß — boiling hot; piping hot <soup etc.>
sie haben sich die Köpfe heiß geredet — the conversation/debate became heated
2) (heftig) heated <debate, argument>; impassioned < anger>; burning, fervent < desire>; fierce < fight, battle>3) (innig) ardent, passionate <wish, love>heiße Tränen weinen — weep bitterly; cry one's heart out
heißen Dank — (ugs.) thanks a lot! (coll.)
was für'n heißer Typ! — (salopp) what a guy! (coll.)
ein heißes Thema — a controversial subject; s. auch Eisen 2)
6) nicht präd. (ugs.): (Aussichten habend) hot <favourite, tip, contender, etc.>7) nicht präd. (ugs.): (schnell) hot; s. auch Ofen 5)8) (ugs.): (brünstig) on heat9) (salopp): (aufgereizt)2.jemanden heiß machen — turn somebody on (coll.)
heiß umkämpft — fiercely contested or disputed
es ging heiß her — things got heated; sparks flew (coll.); (auf einer Party usw.) things got wild
2) (innig)jemanden heiß und innig lieben — love somebody dearly or with all one's heart
ihr heiß geliebter Gatte/Sohn — heer dearly beloved husband/son
sein heiß geliebtes Auto — his beloved car
das heiß ersehnte Fahrrad — the bicycle he/she has/had longed for so fervently
* * *A. adj1. hot; Land, Wüste: torrid; Stirn etc, bei Fieber: hot;glühend heiß red-hot; Sand, Sonne etc: scorching;siedend heiß boiling hot;heiß machen heat (up);mir ist heiß I’m hot;mir wird heiß I’m getting hot;das Kind ist ganz heiß the baby feels hot;ihm wurde heiß und kalt (vor Angst) he went hot and cold (with fear);heiß! bei Suchspielen: hot!;2. fig (heftig) vehement, fierce; (leidenschaftlich) fiery; Liebesaffäre: auch passionate; (inbrünstig) fervent;heißes Blut hot blood ( oder temper);heißes Blut haben be hot-blooded;heißen Dank! umg thanks a lot;heißer Krieg shooting war;heiße Tränen weinen weep bitterly;ganz heiß sein auf umg be wild aboutheiße Höschen hot pantsheißer Sommer long, hot summer;das Land steht vor einem heißen Herbst things are likely to get pretty hot in the country this autumn;ein heißer Anwärter auf den Posten/Titel a hot prospect for the post/title8. sl (toll) hot;heißer Typ hunk;echt heiß! brill!, US awesome!B. adv1.die Sonne brennt heiß herunter the sun is burning down;heiß laufen overheat, run hot;heiß gelaufen the engine has overheated;den haben sie (als Kind) wohl zu heiß gebadet! umg they must have dropped him on his head when he was a baby;es wird nichts so heiß gegessen, wie es gekocht wird sprichw things are never as bad as they look2. fig (leidenschaftlich) fervently, ardently;heiß begehrt coveted;heiß ersehnen long for (fervently);heiß ersehnt longed-for; Brief etc: auch long-awaited;heiß geliebt dearly ( stärker: passionately) loved;meine heiß geliebte Frau my dearly beloved wife;heiß umkämpft sein be fiercely fought over, be the object of fierce fighting; fig Wahlkreis, Sieg: be hotly ( oder fiercely) contested;die Stadt ist heiß umkämpft fierce battles are being fought over the town;* * *1.1) hot; hot, torrid < zone>brennend/glühend heiß — burning/scorching hot
kochend heiß — boiling hot; piping hot <soup etc.>
sie haben sich die Köpfe heiß geredet — the conversation/debate became heated
2) (heftig) heated <debate, argument>; impassioned < anger>; burning, fervent < desire>; fierce <fight, battle>3) (innig) ardent, passionate <wish, love>heiße Tränen weinen — weep bitterly; cry one's heart out
heißen Dank — (ugs.) thanks a lot! (coll.)
was für'n heißer Typ! — (salopp) what a guy! (coll.)
ein heißes Thema — a controversial subject; s. auch Eisen 2)
6) nicht präd. (ugs.): (Aussichten habend) hot <favourite, tip, contender, etc.>8) (ugs.): (brünstig) on heat9) (salopp): (aufgereizt)2.jemanden heiß machen — turn somebody on (coll.)
heiß umkämpft — fiercely contested or disputed
es ging heiß her — things got heated; sparks flew (coll.); (auf einer Party usw.) things got wild
2) (innig)jemanden heiß und innig lieben — love somebody dearly or with all one's heart
ihr heiß geliebter Gatte/Sohn — heer dearly beloved husband/son
das heiß ersehnte Fahrrad — the bicycle he/she has/had longed for so fervently
* * *adj.ardent adj.fervent adj.hot adj. adv.ardently adv.fervently adv. -
9 guerra
f warguerra civile civil warguerra lampo blitzguerra fredda Cold War* * *guerra s.f.1 war; warfare: guerra civile, civil war; guerra difensiva, offensiva, war of defence, of offence; guerra lampo, blitzkrieg; guerra atomica, biologica, chimica, elettronica, psicologica, atomic, biological, chemical, electronic, psychological warfare; guerre stellari, star wars; guerra dei nervi, war of nerves; guerra a morte, war to the death; guerra a oltranza, war without quarter; guerra di logoramento, war of attrition; guerra di movimento, war of movement; guerra di posizione, di trincea, trench warfare; guerra fredda, cold war; guerra di religione, religious war; guerra santa, holy war; guerra a bassa intensità, low intensity warfare; guerra asimmetrica, asymmetric warfare; guerra guerreggiata, hot (o shooting) war; arte della guerra, the art of war; canto di guerra, war-chant (o -song); consiglio di guerra, council of war; dichiarazione di guerra, declaration of war; il dio della guerra, war god; grido di guerra, war (o battle) cry; in piena guerra, at the height of the war; in tempo di guerra, in wartime; nave da guerra, warship (o ant. man-of-war); propaganda di guerra, warmongering; teatro di guerra, theatre of operations; vedova di guerra, war-widow; zona di guerra, war zone; criminale di guerra, war criminal; pensione di guerra, ex serviceman's pension; ha fatto la guerra con Eisenhower, he served under Eisenhower; ha fatto tutta la guerra, he went right through the war; la prima guerra mondiale scoppiò nel 1914, World War One (o the First World War) broke out in 1914; dichiarare guerra a un paese, to declare war (up)on a country; essere in guerra con qlcu., to be at war with s.o.; essere, stare sul piede di guerra, to be on a war footing; essere, stare sul sentiero di guerra, to be on the warpath (anche fig.); fare la guerra a qlcu., to wage (o to make) war upon (o against) s.o.; mettersi sul sentiero di guerra, to go on the warpath (anche fig.); partire per la guerra, to leave for the war; entrare in guerra, to go to war; preparare delle truppe alla guerra, to train troops for war; giocare alla guerra, to play at war // (st.) la Guerra dei Cento Anni, the Hundred Years' War // (st.) la Guerra delle due Rose, the Wars of the Roses // (lett.) la Guerra di Troia, the Trojan War // (st.) le Guerre Puniche, the Punic Wars // Guerra Santa, Holy War2 (fig.) (conflitto) feud, conflict, strife: guerra del vino, del merluzzo, the wine, cod war; guerra tra bande, gang warfare; una guerra all'ultimo sangue tra due famiglie, a deadly feud between two families // fare guerra a qlcu. per qlco., to fight s.o. over sthg.: i miei figli sono terribili, si fanno la guerra dalla mattina alla sera, my children are awful, they fight all day long // (econ.): guerra dei prezzi, price war; guerra economica, economic warfare; guerra tariffaria, tariff war; guerra commerciale, trade war; guerra di interessi, clash of interests; guerra agli sprechi, fight against waste; guerra all'inflazione, fight against inflation3 (lotta) campaign; battle; war: la guerra contro la droga, the campaign against (o the war on) drugs; guerra contro la corruzione, campaign against corruption4 (letter. ant.) (fatica, travaglio) toil.* * *['gwɛrra]sostantivo femminile (conflitto) war (anche fig.); (metodo, tecnica) warfarein tempo di guerra — in times of war, in wartime
fare la guerra — to wage war (a against, on)
mio nonno ha fatto la guerra — my grand-father fought at war o was in the war
di guerra — [ferita, orfano, tribunale, film] war attrib.
prima, seconda guerra mondiale — First, Second World War, World War I, II
la guerra ai narcotrafficanti, alla corruzione — the war against drug dealers, on corruption
guerra chimica — (conflitto) chemical war; (tecnica) chemical warfare
guerra di nervi — war o battle of nerves
guerra nucleare — (conflitto) nuclear war; (tecnica) nuclear warfare
- e puniche — Punic Wars
- e stellari — star wars
* * *guerra/'gwεrra/sostantivo f.(conflitto) war (anche fig.); (metodo, tecnica) warfare; entrare in guerra to go to war; sul piede di guerra on a war footing; andare in guerra to go to war; in tempo di guerra in times of war, in wartime; essere in guerra to be at war; fare la guerra to wage war ( a against, on); mio nonno ha fatto la guerra my grand-father fought at war o was in the war; i paesi in guerra the warring nations; di guerra [ ferita, orfano, tribunale, film] war attrib.; dichiarazione di guerra declaration of war; prima, seconda guerra mondiale First, Second World War, World War I, II; la guerra ai narcotrafficanti, alla corruzione the war against drug dealers, on corruption\guerra aerea aerial warfare; guerra batteriologica germ warfare; guerra biologica biological warfare; guerra dei Cent'anni Hundred Years' War; guerra chimica (conflitto) chemical war; (tecnica) chemical warfare; guerra civile civil war; guerra difensiva defensive warfare; guerra delle due rose Wars of the Roses; guerra fredda Cold War; guerra del Golfo Gulf War; guerra di indipendenza war of independence; guerra lampo blitzkrieg; guerra di liberazione liberation war; guerra di nervi war o battle of nerves; guerra nucleare (conflitto) nuclear war; (tecnica) nuclear warfare; guerra di posizione war of position; guerra psicologica psychological warfare; guerra di religione war of religion; guerra santa holy war; guerra di secessione American Civil War; guerra dei Sette anni Seven Years' War; guerra di trincea trench warfare; guerra del Vietnam Vietnam War; - e puniche Punic Wars; - e stellari star wars.
См. также в других словарях:
Battle of Chancellorsville — Part of the American Civil War … Wikipedia
Battle of Okinawa — Part of World War II, the Pacific War … Wikipedia
Battle of Monte Cassino — Part of World War II, Italian Campaign Ruins of Cassino town after the battle … Wikipedia
Battle of Marston Moor — Part of English Civil War The Battle of Marston Moor, by J. Barker … Wikipedia
Battle of Chillianwala — Part of Second Anglo Sikh War … Wikipedia
Battle of Crete — Part of the Mediterranean Theatre of World War II … Wikipedia
Battle of Frenchtown — Part of the War of 1812 The River Raisin National Battlefield Park in J … Wikipedia
Second Battle of Sirte — Infobox Military Conflict conflict=Second Battle of Sirte caption=Italian battleship Littorio , Admiral Iachino s flag ship partof=the Mediterranean Theater of World War II date=22 March 1942 place=Gulf of Sirte, Mediterranean Sea result=British… … Wikipedia
Battle of Mount Tumbledown — Part of Falklands War Mount Tumbledown, Two Sisters, and Wireless Ridge from Stanley Harbour … Wikipedia
Battle of Basra (2008) — Part of Iraq War, Civil war in Iraq, (Spring Fighting of 2008) Location of Basra … Wikipedia
Battle of Peleliu — Part of World War II, Pacific War … Wikipedia