rĕmōtus

* * *

rĕ-mŏvĕo, mōvi, mōtum, 2 (sync. pluperf. remorant, Hor. S. 2, 1, 71; Sil. 11, 175; inf. remosse, Lucr. 3, 69; perf. remorunt, Ov. Ib. 240), v. a., to move back, draw back; to take away, set aside, withdraw, remove (freq. and class.; syn.: amolior, repono, segrego).

Lit.:

tolle hanc patinam, remove pernam,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 163 sq.:

pecora,

Caes. B. C. 1, 48:

equos,

Sall. C. 59, 1:

equos ex conspectu,

Caes. B. G. 1, 25:

dapes,

Ov. M. 8, 571:

mensam,

id. ib. 13, 676:

frena, Hor.S.2, 7, 74: tegimen,

to lay aside, Ov. M. 1, 674:

Aurora removerat ignes,

had driven away, id. ib. 4, 81:

monstra,

id. ib. 5, 216:

remoto atque ablegato viro,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 31, § 82:

remotis arbitris,

id. Off. 3, 31, 112:

custode remoto,

Hor. A. P. 161:

remoto Hannibale,

Just. 31, 5, 1:

quae jam infantem removerit,

i. e. has weaned, Plin. 28, 7, 21, § 72:

naves longas ab onerariis navibus,

Caes. B. G. 4, 25:

cupas furcis ab opere,

id. B. C. 2, 11:

castra sex milia ab oppido,

Liv. 9, 24:

quae natura occultavit ab oculis,

Cic. Off. 1, 35, 127:

bracchia a latere modice,

Quint. 11, 3, 159:

comas a fronte ad aures,

Ov. M. 5, 488:

se a corpore,

Lucr. 3, 895:

se a vulgo,

Hor. S. 2, 1, 71:

parvos natos a se,

id. C. 3, 5, 43:

se a conspectu, Auct. B. Afr. 62: plura de medio (with auferre),

Cic. Rosc. Am. 8, 23:

togam inde,

Quint. 11, 3, 124:

oculos,

Cic. Balb. 5, 11:

arcanis oculos profanos,

Ov. M. 7, 256:

tactu viriles virgineo manus,

id. ib. 13, 467:

toto sumus orbe remoti,

id. P. 2, 2, 123: mensae remotae, Verg. A. 1, 216; Ov. M. 13, 676:

cum paulum ab legionibus nostros removissent,

Caes. B. G. 5, 16:

aliquem ab exercitu, Auct. B. Afr. 54: praesidia ex iis locis, quae, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 16, 12, 3:

se in montes ex urbe,

Hor. S. 2, 6, 16:

ex oculis manus,

Ov. M. 9, 390:

ut propinquis suis ultra ducentesimum lapidem removeretur,

Tac. A. 2, 50.—

Trop.:

removete moram,

Plaut. Stich. 2, 1, 37; Quint. 8, prooem. §

3: sumptum removit,

Cic. Rep. 2, 14, 27:

hominum conscientiā remotā,

id. Fin. 2, 9, 28:

remotā subtilitate disputandi,

id. ib. 2, 38, 98:

omnia removistis, avaritiam, imperitiam, superbiam,

Sall. J. 85, 45; cf.:

remoto metu,

id. ib. 87, 4; Tac. Agr. 15:

remoto joco,

jesting aside, Cic. Fam. 7, 11, 3:

remoto personarum complexu,

Quint. 3, 6, 57; 12, 11, 30:

formam anilem,

Ov. M. 6, 43:

soporem,

id. ib. 6, 493:

obstantia fata,

id. ib. 13, 373: remove istaec, no more of that (i. e. do not speak of it), Cic. ap. Suet. Caes. 49 fin.:

aliquem ab studio, Ter. Hec. prol. alt. 14: aliquem ab republicā,

Caes. B. C. 3, 21; Liv. 5, 11:

aliquem ab hoc sermone,

Cic. Lael. 9, 32:

aliquem a legibus (sc. ferendis),

id. Q. Fr. 2, 6, 5:

aliquem a vitā (natura),

Lucr. 5, 350:

se a negotiis publicis,

Cic. Off. 1, 20, 69:

se ab omni ejusmodi negotio,

id. Clu. 15, 43:

se ab amicitiā alicujus,

id. Lael. 21, 77; cf.:

se ab aliquo,

id. Att. 4, 8, b, 3:

se a suspitione,

id. Agr. 2, 8, 22; cf.:

illam suspitionem ab sese removere,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 59, § 136:

invidiam a se,

Ov. M. 12, 626:

vim procul hinc,

id. Am. 1, 14, 29:

(levissima) secerni arbitror oportere atque ex oratione removeri,

Cic. de Or. 2, 76, 309:

quartum (statum) ex generalibus,

Quint. 3, 6, 67:

omnes tribu remoti,

Liv. 45, 15 Drak. N. cr.:

ordine,

Tac. A. 13, 11:

quaesturā,

Suet. Tib. 35:

pudorem thalamis,

Ov. M. 8, 157; cf.:

se artibus suis,

Cic. Or. 2, 5:

se ministerio sceleris,

Ov. M. 3, 645:

aliquem tutelā,

Dig. 26, 10, 4.— Absol., Dig. 26, 10, 3. —

To deduct, subtract:

si de quincunce remota est Uncia,

Hor. A. P. 327.—Hence, rĕmōtus, a, um, P. a., removed, i. e. afar off, distant, remote.

Lit.:

silvestribus ac remotis locis,

distant, retired, Caes. B. G. 7, 1; cf.:

remoto loco,

Cic. Fam. 7, 20, 2:

terrae,

Lucr. 2, 534:

Gades,

Hor. C. 2, 2, 10:

Britanni,

id. ib. 4, 14, 47:

fontes,

id. S. 2, 4, 94:

gramen,

id. C. 2, 3, 6:

rupes,

id. ib. 2, 19, 1:

domūs pars, i. e. penetralia,

Ov. M. 6, 638. — Neutr. as subst.:

in remoto,

far away, Sen. Q. N. 3, 26, 1:

remotius antrum,

Ov. F. 6, 121:

sedes, remotas a Germanis,

Caes. B. G. 1, 31:

ab arbitris remoto loco,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 31, § 80:

civitas a conspectu remota,

id. ib. 2, 3, 37, §

85: in quibus (studiis) remoti ab oculis populi omne otiosum tempus contrivimus,

id. Lael. 27, 104:

ab aulā,

Ov. M. 11, 764.— With abl.:

civitatis oculis remotus,

Suet. Tib. 42:

quamvis longā regione remotus Absim,

by however great a distance I am removed from you, Ov. Tr. 3, 4, 73; cf.:

licet caeli regione remotus,

id. M. 15, 62.—

Trop., removed, disconnected, separate, clear, free from, strange to any thing:

quae jam diu gesta et a memoriā remota,

Cic. Inv. 1, 26, 39:

genus (narrationum) remotum a civilibus causis,

id. ib. 1, 19, 27:

natura deūm longe remota Sensibus ab nostris,

Lucr. 5, 148:

scientia remota ab justitiā,

Cic. Off. 1, 19, 63:

(defensio) remota ab utilitate rei publicae,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 84, § 193:

a verā ratione longe remotum,

Lucr. 6, 853:

(fabula) non a veritate modo, sed etiam a formā veritatis remota,

Quint. 2, 4, 2:

naturae jura a vulgari intellegentiā remotiora,

Cic. Inv. 2, 22, 67:

sermo a forensi strepitu remotissimus,

id. Or. 9, 32; Quint. 11, 1, 89 Spald. N. cr.:

(Vestorium) hominem remotum a dialecticis, in arithmeticis satis versatum,

Cic. Att. 14, 12, 3:

homines maxime ab injuriis nostrorum magistratuum remoti,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 66, § 160:

a Tib. Gracchi aequitate ac pudore longissime remotus,

id. Agr. 2, 12, 31:

hic a culpā est remotus,

id. Mur. 35, 73:

ab inani laude et sermonibus vulgi,

id. Fam. 15, 4, 13:

a vulgo longe lateque,

Hor. S. 1, 6, 18:

vitio ab omni,

id. A. P. 384:

ab omni minimi errati suspicione remotissimus,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 19, § 40:

(vilica) a vino, ab escis, a superstitionibus remotissima sit,

Col. 12, 1, 3 et saep.—

In the philos. lang. of the Stoics, remota, a transl. of the Gr. proêgmena, things not to be preferred; [p. 1564] things to be rejected or postponed (opp. promota), Cic. Fin. 3, 16, 52.—Hence, adv.: rĕmōtē, at a distance, afar off, remotely (very rare).— Comp.:

stellae eundem orbem tenentes aliae propius a terris, aliae remotius ab eisdem principiis eadem spatia conficiunt,

Cic. N. D. 1, 31, 87.— Sup.:

remotissime,

Aug. Trin. 12, 5.

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ăb, ā, abs, prep. with abl. This IndoEuropean particle (Sanscr. apa or ava, Etr. av, Gr. upo, Goth. af, Old Germ. aba, New Germ. ab, Engl. of, off) has in Latin the following forms: ap, af, ab (av), au-, a, a; aps, abs, as-. The existence of the oldest form, ap, is proved by the oldest and best MSS. analogous to the prep. apud, the Sanscr. api, and Gr. epi, and by the weakened form af, which, by the rule of historical grammar and the nature of the Latin letter f, can be derived only from ap, not from ab. The form af, weakened from ap, also very soon became obsolete. There are but five examples of it in inscriptions, at the end of the sixth and in the course of the seventh century B. C., viz.:

AF VOBEIS,

Inscr. Orell. 3114;

AF MVRO,

ib. 6601;

AF CAPVA,

ib. 3308;

AF SOLO,

ib. 589;

AF LYCO,

ib. 3036 ( afuolunt =avolant, Paul. ex Fest. p. 26 Mull., is only a conjecture). In the time of Cicero this form was regarded as archaic, and only here and there used in account-books; v. Cic. Or. 47, 158 (where the correct reading is af, not abs or ab), and cf. Ritschl, Monum. Epigr. p. 7 sq.—The second form of this preposition, changed from ap, was ab, which has become the principal form and the one most generally used through all periods—and indeed the only oue used before all vowels and h; here and there also before some consonants, particularly l, n, r, and s; rarely before c, j, d, t; and almost never before the labials p, b, f, v, or before m, such examples as ab Massiliensibus, Caes. B. C. 1, 35, being of the most rare occurrence.—By changing the b of ab through v into u, the form au originated, which was in use only in the two compounds aufero and aufugio for abfero, ab-fugio; aufuisse for afuisse, in Cod. Medic. of Tac. A. 12, 17, is altogether unusual. Finally, by dropping the b of ab, and lengthening the a, ab was changed into a, which form, together with ab, predominated through all periods of the Latin language, and took its place before all consonants in the later years of Cicero, and after him almoet exclusively.—By dropping the b without lengthening the a, ab occurs in the form a- in the two compounds a-bio and a-perio, q. v.—On the other hand, instead of reducing ap to a and a, a strengthened collateral form, aps, was made by adding to ap the letter s (also used in particles, as in ex, mox, vix). From the first, aps was used only before the letters c, q, t, and was very soon changed into abs (as ap into ab):

abs chorago,

Plaut. Pers. 1, 3, 79 (159 Ritschl):

abs quivis,

Ter. Ad. 2, 3, 1:

abs terra,

Cato, R. R. 51;

and in compounds: aps-cessero,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 1, 24 (625 R.); id. ib. 3, 2, 84 (710 R): abs-condo, abs-que, abs-tineo, etc. The use of abs was confined almost exclusively to the combination abs te during the whole ante-classic period, and with Cicero till about the year 700 A. U. C. (=B. C. 54). After that time Cicero evidently hesitates between abs te and a te, but during the last five or six years of his life a te became predominant in all his writings, even in his letters; consequently abs te appears but rarely in later authors, as in Liv. 10, 19, 8; 26, 15, 12;

and who, perhaps, also used abs conscendentibus,

id. 28, 37, 2; v. Drakenb. ad. h. l. (Weissenb. ab).—Finally abs, in consequence of the following p, lost its b, and became ds- in the three compounds aspello, as-porto, and as-pernor (for asspernor); v. these words.—The late Lat. verb abbrevio may stand for adbrevio, the d of ad being assimilated to the following b.The fundamental signification of ab is departure from some fixed point (opp. to ad. which denotes motion to a point).

In space, and,

Fig., in time and other relations, in which the idea of departure from some point, as from source and origin, is included; Engl. from, away from, out of; down from; since, after; by, at, in, on, etc.

Lit., in space: ab classe ad urbem tendunt, Att. ap. Non. 495, 22 (Trag. Rel. p. 177 Rib.):

Caesar maturat ab urbe proficisci,

Caes. B. G. 1, 7:

fuga ab urbe turpissima,

Cic. Att. 7, 21:

ducite ab urbe domum, ducite Daphnim,

Verg. E. 8, 68. Cicero himself gives the difference between ab and ex thus: si qui mihi praesto fuerit cum armatis hominibus extra meum fundum et me introire prohibuerit, non ex eo, sed ab ( from, away from) eo loco me dejecerit....Unde dejecti Galli? A Capitolio. Unde, qui cum Graccho fucrunt? Ex Capitolio, etc., Cic. Caecin. 30, 87; cf. Diom. p. 408 P., and a similar distinction between ad and in under ad.—Ellipt.: Diogenes Alexandro roganti, ut diceret, si quid opus esset: Nunc quidem paululum, inquit, a sole, a little out of the sun, Cic. Tusc. 5, 32, 92. —Often joined with usque:

illam (mulierem) usque a mari supero Romam proficisci,

all the way from, Cic. Clu. 68, 192; v. usque, I.—And with ad, to denote the space passed over: siderum genus ab ortu ad occasum commeant, from... to, Cic. N. D. 2, 19 init.; cf. ab... in:

venti a laevo latere in dextrum, ut sol, ambiunt,

Plin. 2, 47, 48, § 128.

Sometimes with names of cities and small islands, or with domus (instead of the usual abl.), partie., in militnry and nautieal language, to denote the marching of soldiers, the setting out of a flcet, or the departure of the inhabitants from some place:

oppidum ab Aenea fugiente a Troja conditum,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 33:

quemadmodum (Caesar) a Gergovia discederet,

Caes. B. G. 7, 43 fin.; so id. ib. 7, 80 fin.; Sall. J. 61; 82; 91; Liv. 2, 33, 6 al.; cf.:

ab Arimino M. Antonium cum cohortibus quinque Arretium mittit,

Caes. B. C. 1, 11 fin.; and:

protinus a Corfinio in Siciliam miserat,

id. ib. 1, 25, 2:

profecti a domo,

Liv. 40, 33, 2;

of setting sail: cum exercitus vestri numquam a Brundisio nisi hieme summa transmiserint,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, 32; so id. Fam. 15, 3, 2; Caes. B. C. 3, 23; 3, 24 fin.:

classe qua advecti ab domo fuerant,

Liv. 8, 22, 6;

of citizens: interim ab Roma legatos venisse nuntiatum est,

Liv. 21, 9, 3; cf.:

legati ab Orico ad M. Valerium praetorem venerunt,

id. 24, 40, 2.

Sometimes with names of persons or with pronouns: pestem abige a me, Enn. ap. Cic. Ac. 2, 28, 89 (Trag. v. 50 Vahl.):

Quasi ad adulescentem a patre ex Seleucia veniat,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 3, 41; cf.:

libertus a Fuflis cum litteris ad Hermippum venit,

Cic. Fl. 20, 47:

Nigidium a Domitio Capuam venisse,

id. Att. 7, 24:

cum a vobis discessero,

id. Sen. 22:

multa merces tibi defluat ab Jove Neptunoque,

Hor. C. 1, 28, 29 al. So often of a person instead of his house, lodging, etc.: videat forte hic te a patre aliquis exiens, from the father, i. e. from his house, Ter. Heaut. 2, 2, 6:

so a fratre,

id. Phorm. 5, 1, 5:

a Pontio,

Cic. Att. 5, 3 fin.:

ab ea,

Ter. And. 1, 3, 21; and so often: a me, a nobis, a se, etc., from my, our, his house, etc., Plaut. Stich. 5, 1, 7; Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 50; Cic. Att. 4, 9, 1 al.

Transf., without the idea of motion. To designate separation or distance, with the verbs abesse, distare, etc., and with the particles longe, procul, prope, etc.

Of separation:

ego te afuisse tam diu a nobis dolui,

Cic. Fam. 2, 1, 2:

abesse a domo paulisper maluit,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 18, § 39:

tum Brutus ab Roma aberat,

Sall. C. 40, 5:

absint lacerti ab stabulis,

Verg. G. 4, 14.—

Of distance:

quot milia fundus suus abesset ab urbe,

Cic. Caecin. 10, 28; cf.:

nos in castra properabamus, quae aberant bidui,

id. Att. 5, 16 fin.; and:

hic locus aequo fere spatio ab castris Ariovisti et Caesaris aberat,

Caes. B. G. 1, 43, 1:

terrae ab hujusce terrae, quam nos incolimus, continuatione distantes,

Cic. N. D. 2, 66, 164:

non amplius pedum milibus duobus ab castris castra distabant,

Caes. B. C. 1, 82, 3; cf. id. lb. 1, 3, 103.—With adverbs: annos multos longinque ab domo bellum gerentes, Enn. ap. Non. 402, 3 (Trag. v. 103 Vahl.):

cum domus patris a foro longe abesset,

Cic. Cael. 7, 18 fin.; cf.:

qui fontes a quibusdam praesidiis aberant longius,

Caes. B. C. 3, 49, 5:

quae procul erant a conspectu imperii,

Cic. Agr. 2, 32, 87; cf.:

procul a castris hostes in collibus constiterunt,

Caes. B. G. 5, 17, 1; and:

tu procul a patria Alpinas nives vides,

Verg. E. 10, 46 (procul often also with simple abl.;

v. procul): cum esset in Italia bellum tam prope a Sicilia, tamen in Sicilia non fuit,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 2, § 6; cf.:

tu apud socrum tuam prope a meis aedibus sedebas,

id. Pis. 11, 26; and:

tam prope ab domo detineri,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 3, § 6.—So in Caesar and Livy, with numerals to designate the measure of the distance:

onerariae naves, quae ex eo loco ab milibus passuum octo vento tenebatur,

eight miles distant, Caes. B. G. 4, 22, 4; and without mentioning the terminus a quo: ad castra contenderunt, et ab milibus passunm minus duobus castra posuerunt, less than two miles off or distant, id. ib. 2, 7, 3; so id. ib. 2, 5, 32; 6, 7, 3; id. B. C. 1, 65; Liv. 38, 20, 2 (for which:

duo milia fere et quingentos passus ab hoste posuerunt castra,

id. 37, 38, 5). —

To denote the side or direction from which an object is viewed in its local relations,=a parte, at, on, in: utrum hacin feriam an ab laeva latus? Enn. ap. Plaut. Cist. 3, 10 (Trag. v. 38 Vahl.); cf.:

picus et cornix ab laeva, corvos, parra ab dextera consuadent,

Plaut. As. 2, 1, 12: clamore ab ea parte audito. on this side, Caes. B. G. 3, 26, 4: Gallia Celtica attingit ab Sequanis et Helvetiis flumen Rhenum, on the side of the Sequani, i. e. their country, id. ib. 1, 1, 5:

pleraque Alpium ab Italia sicut breviora ita arrectiora sunt,

on the Italian side, Liv. 21, 35, 11:

non eadem diligentia ab decumuna porta castra munita,

at the main entrance, Caes. B. G. 3, 25 fin.:

erat a septentrionibus collis,

on the north, id. ib. 7, 83, 2; so, ab oriente, a meridie, ab occasu; a fronte, a latere, a tergo, etc. (v. these words).

Fig.

In time.

From a [p. 3] point of time, without reference to the period subsequently elapsed. After:

Exul ab octava Marius bibit,

Juv. 1,40:

mulieres jam ab re divin[adot ] adparebunt domi,

immediately after the sucrifice, Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 4:

Caesar ab decimae legionis cohortatione ad dextrum cornu profectus,

Caes. B. G. 2, 25, 1:

ab hac contione legati missi sunt,

immediately after, Liv. 24, 22, 6; cf. id. 28, 33, 1; 40, 47, 8; 40, 49, 1 al.:

ab eo magistratu,

after this office, Sall. J. 63, 5:

a summa spe novissima exspectabat,

after the greatest hope, Tac. A. 6, 50 fin. —Strengthened by the adverbs primum, confestim, statim, protinus, or the adj. recens, immediately after, soon after:

ut primum a tuo digressu Romam veni,

Cic. Att. 1, 5, 4; so Suet. Tib. 68:

confestim a proelio expugnatis hostium castris,

Liv. 30, 36, 1:

statim a funere,

Suet. Caes. 85;

and followed by statim: ab itinere statim,

id. ib. 60:

protinus ab adoptione,

Vell. 2, 104, 3:

Homerus qui recens ab illorum actate fuit,

soon after their time, Cic. N. D. 3, 5; so Varr. R. R. 2, 8, 2; Verg. A. 6, 450 al. (v. also primum, confestim, etc.).—

Sometimes with the name of a person or place, instead of an action: ibi mihi tuae litterae binae redditae sunt tertio abs te die,

i. e. after their departure from you, Cic. Att. 5, 3, 1: in Italiam perventum est quinto mense a Carthagine Nov[adot ], i. e. after leaving (=postquam a Carthagine profecti sunt), Liv. 21, 38, 1:

secundo Punico (bello) Scipionis classis XL. die a securi navigavit,

i. e. after its having been built, Plin. 16, 39, 74, § 192. —Hence the poct. expression: ab his, after this (cf. ek toutôn), i. e. after these words, hereupon, Ov. M. 3, 273; 4, 329; 8, 612; 9, 764.

With reference to a subsequent period. From, since, after:

ab hora tertia bibebatur,

from the third hour, Cic. Phil. 2, 41:

infinito ex tempore, non ut antea, ab Sulla et Pompeio consulibus,

since the consulship of, id. Agr. 2, 21, 56:

vixit ab omni aeternitate,

from all eternity, id. Div. 1, 51, 115:

cum quo a condiscipulatu vivebat conjunctissime,

Nep. Att. 5, 3:

in Lycia semper a terrae motu XL. dies serenos esse,

after an earthquake, Plin. 2, 96, 98, § 211 al.:

centesima lux est haec ab interitu P. Clodii,

since the death of, Cic. Mil. 35, 98; cf.:

cujus a morte quintus hic et tricesimus annus est,

id. Sen. 6, 19; and:

ab incenso Capitolio illum esse vigesumiun annum,

since, Sall. C. 47, 2:

diebus triginta, a qua die materia caesa est,

Caes. B. C. 1, 36.—Sometimes joined with usque and inde:

quod augures omnes usque ab Romulo decreverunt,

since the time of, Cic. Vat. 8, 20:

jam inde ab infelici pugna ceciderant animi,

from the very beginning of, Liv. 2, 65 fin. —Hence the adverbial expressions ab initio, a principio, a primo, at, in, or from the beginning, at first; v. initium, principium, primus. Likewise ab integro, anew, afresh; v. integer.—Ab... ad, from (a time)... to:

ab hora octava ad vesperum secreto collocuti sumus,

Cic. Att. 7, 8, 4; cf.:

cum ab hora septima ad vesperum pugnatum sit,

Caes. B. G. 1, 26, 2; and:

a quo tempore ad vos consules anni sunt septingenti octoginta unus,

Vell. 1, 8, 4; and so in Plautus strengthened by usque:

pugnata pugnast usque a mane ad vesperum,

from morning to evening, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 97; id. Most. 3, 1, 3; 3, 2, 80.—Rarely ab... in: Romani ab sole orto in multum diei stetere in acie, from... till late in the day, Liv. 27, 2, 9; so Col. 2, 10, 17; Plin. 2, 31, 31, § 99; 2, 103, 106, § 229; 4, 12, 26, § 89.

Particularly with nouns denoting a time of life:

qui homo cum animo inde ab ineunte aetate depugnat suo,

from an early age, from early youth, Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 24; so Cic. Off. 2, 13, 44 al.:

mihi magna cum co jam inde a pueritia fuit semper famillaritas,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 9; so,

a pueritia,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 11, 27 fin.; id. Fam. 5, 8, 4:

jam inde ab adulescentia,

Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 16:

ab adulescentia,

Cic. Rep. 2, 1:

jam a prima adulescentia,

id. Fam. 1, 9, 23:

ab ineunte adulescentia,

id. ib. 13, 21, 1; cf.

followed by ad: usque ad hanc aetatem ab incunte adulescentia,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 20:

a primis temporibus aetatis,

Cic. Fam. 4, 3, 3:

a teneris unguiculis,

from childhood, id. ib. 1, 6, 2:

usque a toga pura,

id. Att. 7, 8, 5:

jam inde ab incunabulis,

Liv. 4, 36, 5:

a prima lanugine,

Suet. Oth. 12:

viridi ab aevo,

Ov. Tr. 4, 10, 17 al.;

rarely of animals: ab infantia,

Plin. 10, 63, 83, § 182.—Instead of the nom. abstr. very often (like the Greek ek paioôn, etc.) with concrete substantives: a pucro, ab adulescente, a parvis, etc., from childhood, etc.:

qui olim a puero parvulo mihi paedagogus fuerat,

Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 90; so,

a pausillo puero,

id. Stich. 1, 3, 21:

a puero,

Cic. Ac. 2, 36, 115; id. Fam. 13, 16, 4 (twice) al.:

a pueris,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 24, 57; id. de Or. 1, 1, 2 al.:

ab adulescente,

id. Quint. 3, 12:

ab infante,

Col. 1, 8, 2:

a parva virgine,

Cat. 66, 26 al. —Likewise and in the same sense with adject.: a parvo, from a little child, or childhood, Liv. 1, 39, 6 fin.; cf.:

a parvis,

Ter. And. 3, 3, 7; Cic. Leg. 2, 4, 9:

a parvulo,

Ter. And. 1, 1, 8; id. Ad. 1, 1, 23; cf.:

ab parvulis,

Caes. B. G. 6, 21, 3:

ab tenero,

Col. 5, 6, 20;

and rarely of animals: (vacca) a bima aut trima fructum ferre incipit,

Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 13.

In other relations in which the idea of going forth, proceeding, from something is included.

In gen. to denote departure, separation, deterring, avoiding, intermitting, etc., or distance, difference, etc., of inanimate or abstract things. From: jus atque aecum se a malis spernit procul, Enn. ap. Non. 399, 10 (Trag. v. 224 Vahl.):

suspitionem et culpam ut ab se segregent,

Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 42:

qui discessum animi a corpore putent esse mortem,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 9, 18:

hic ab artificio suo non recessit,

id. ib. 1, 10, 20 al.:

quod si exquiratur usque ab stirpe auctoritas,

Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 180:

condicionem quam ab te peto,

id. ib. 2, 4, 87; cf.:

mercedem gloriae flagitas ab iis, quorum, etc.,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 15, 34:

si quid ab illo acceperis,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 90:

quae (i. e. antiquitas) quo propius aberat ab ortu et divina progenie,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 12, 26:

ab defensione desistere,

Caes. B. C. 2, 12, 4:

ne quod tempus ab opere intermitteretur,

id. B. G. 7, 24, 2:

ut homines adulescentis a dicendi studio deterream,

Cic. de Or. 1, 25, 117, etc.—Of distance (in order, rank, mind, or feeling):

qui quartus ab Arcesila fuit,

the fourth in succession from, Cic. Ac. 1, 12, 46:

tu nunc eris alter ab illo,

next after him, Verg. E. 5, 49; cf.:

Aiax, heros ab Achille secundus,

next in rank to, Hor. S. 2, 3, 193:

quid hoc ab illo differt,

from, Cic. Caecin. 14, 39; cf.:

hominum vita tantum distat a victu et cultu bestiarum,

id. Off. 2, 4, 15; and:

discrepare ab aequitate sapientiam,

id. Rep. 3, 9 fin. (v. the verbs differo, disto, discrepo, dissideo, dissentio, etc.):

quae non aliena esse ducerem a dignitate,

Cic. Fam. 4, 7:

alieno a te animo fuit,

id. Deiot. 9, 24 (v. alienus). —So the expression ab re (qs. aside from the matter, profit; cf. the opposite, in rem), contrary to one's profit, to a loss, disadvantageous (so in the affirmative very rare and only ante-class.):

subdole ab re consulit,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 12; cf. id. Capt. 2, 2, 88; more frequently and class. (but not with Cicero) in the negative, non, haud, ab re, not without advantage or profit, not useless or unprofitable, adcantageous:

haut est ab re aucupis,

Plaut. As. 1, 3, 71:

non ab re esse Quinctii visum est,

Liv. 35, 32, 6; so Plin. 27, 8, 35; 31, 3, 26; Suet. Aug. 94; id. Dom. 11; Gell. 18, 14 fin.; App. Dogm. Plat. 3, p. 31, 22 al. (but in Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 44, ab re means with respect to the money matter).

In partic.

To denote an agent from whom an action proceeds, or by whom a thing is done or takes place. By, and in archaic and solemn style, of. So most frequently with pass. or intrans. verbs with pass. signif., when the active object is or is considered as a living being: Laudari me abs te, a laudato viro, Naev. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 31, 67: injuria abs te afficior, Enn. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 24, 38:

a patre deductus ad Scaevolam,

Cic. Lael. 1, 1:

ut tamquam a praesentibus coram haberi sermo videretur,

id. ib. 1, 3:

disputata ab eo,

id. ib. 1, 4 al.:

illa (i. e. numerorum ac vocum vis) maxime a Graecia vetere celebrata,

id. de Or. 3, 51, 197:

ita generati a natura sumus,

id. Off. 1, 29, 103; cf.:

pars mundi damnata a rerum natura,

Plin. 4, 12, 26, § 88:

niagna adhibita cura est a providentia deorum,

Cic. N. D. 2, 51 al. —With intrans. verbs:

quae (i. e. anima) calescit ab eo spiritu,

is warmed by this breath, Cic. N. D. 2, 55, 138; cf. Ov. M. 1, 417: (mare) qua a sole collucet, Cic. Ac. 2, 105:

salvebis a meo Cicerone,

i. e. young Cicero sends his compliments to you, id. Att. 6, 2 fin.:

a quibus (Atheniensibus) erat profectus,

i. e. by whose command, Nep. Milt. 2, 3:

ne vir ab hoste cadat,

Ov. H. 9, 36 al. —A substantive or adjective often takes the place of the verb (so with de, q. v.):

levior est plaga ab amico quam a debitore,

Cic. Fam. 9, 16, 7; cf.:

a bestiis ictus, morsus, impetus,

id. Off. 2, 6, 19:

si calor est a sole,

id. N. D. 2, 52:

ex iis a te verbis (for a te scriptis),

id. Att. 16, 7, 5:

metu poenae a Romanis,

Liv. 32, 23, 9:

bellum ingens a Volscis et Aequis,

id. 3, 22, 2:

ad exsolvendam fldem a consule,

id. 27, 5, 6.—With an adj.:

lassus ab equo indomito,

Hor. S. 2, 2, 10:

Murus ab ingenic notior ille tuo,

Prop. 5, 1, 126:

tempus a nostris triste malis,

time made sad by our misfortunes, Ov. Tr. 4, 3, 36.—Different from per:

vulgo occidebantur: per quos et a quibus?

by whom and upon whose orders? Cic. Rosc. Am. 29, 80 (cf. id. ib. 34, 97: cujus consilio occisus sit, invenio; cujus manu sit percussus, non laboro); so,

ab hoc destitutus per Thrasybulum (i. e. Thrasybulo auctore),

Nep. Alc. 5, 4.—Ambiguity sometimes arises from the fact that the verb in the pass. would require ab if used in the active:

si postulatur a populo,

if the people demand it, Cic. Off. 2, 17, 58, might also mean, if it is required of the people; on the contrary: quod ab eo (Lucullo) laus imperatoria non admodum exspectabatur, not since he did not expect military renown, but since they did not expect military renown from him, Cic. Ac. 2, 1, 2, and so often; cf. Rudd. II. p. 213. (The use of the active dative, or dative of the agent, instead of ab with the pass., is well known, Zumpt, § 419. It is very seldom found in prose writers of the golden age of Roman liter.; with Cic. sometimes joined with the participles auditus, cognitus, constitutus, perspectus, provisus, susceptus; cf. Halm ad Cic. Imp. Pomp. 24, 71, and ad ejusdem, Cat. 1, 7 fin.; but freq. at a later period; e. g. in Pliny, in Books 2-4 of H. N., more than twenty times; and likewise in Tacitus seventeen times. Vid. the passages in Nipperd. ad Tac. A. 2, 49.) Far more unusual is the simple abl. in the designation of persons:

deseror conjuge,

Ov. H. 12, 161; so id. ib. 5, 75; id. M. 1, 747; Verg. A. 1, 274; Hor. C. 2, 4, 9; 1, 6, 2;

and in prose,

Quint. 3, 4, 2; Sen. Contr. 2, 1; Curt. 6, 7, 8; cf. Rudd. II. p. 212; Zumpt ad Quint. V. p. 122 Spalding.—Hence the adverbial phrase a se=uph heautou, sua sponte, of one's own uccord, spontaneously:

ipsum a se oritur et sua sponte nascitur,

Cic. Fin. 2, 24, 78:

(urna) ab se cantat quoja sit,

Plaut. Rud. 2, 5, 21 (al. eapse; cf. id. Men. 1, 2, 66); so Col. 11, 1, 5; Liv. 44, 33, 6.

With names of towns to denote origin, extraction, instead of gentile adjectives. From, of:

pastores a Pergamide,

Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 1:

Turnus ab Aricia,

Liv. 1, 50, 3 (for which Aricinus, id. 1, 51, 1):

obsides dant trecentos principum a Cora atque Pometia liberos,

Liv. 2, 22, 2; and poet.: O longa mundi servator ab Alba, Auguste, thou who art descended from the old Alban race of kings (=oriundus, or ortus regibus Albanis), Prop. 5, 6, 37.

In giving the etymology of a name: eam rem (sc. legem, Gr. nomon) illi Graeco putant nomine a suum cuique tribuendo appellatam, ego nostro a legendo, Cic. Leg. 1, 6, 19: annum intervallum regni fuit: id ab re... interregnum appellatum, Liv. 1, 17, 6:

(sinus maris) ab nomine propinquae urbis Ambracius appellatus,

id. 38, 4, 3; and so Varro in his Ling. Lat., and Pliny, in Books 1-5 of H. N., on almost every page. (Cf. also the arts. ex and de.)

With verbs of beginning and repeating: a summo bibere, in Plaut. to drink in succession from the one at the head of the table:

da, puere, ab summo,

Plaut. As. 5, 2, 41; so,

da ab Delphio cantharum circum, id Most. 1, 4, 33: ab eo nobis causa ordienda est potissimum,

Cic. Leg. 1, 7, 21:

coepere a fame mala,

Liv. 4, 12, 7:

cornicem a cauda de ovo exire,

tail-foremost, Plin. 10, 16, 18:

a capite repetis, quod quaerimus,

Cic. Leg. 1, 6, 18 al.

With verbs of freeing from, defending, or protecting against any thing:

a foliis et stercore purgato,

Cato, R. R. 65 (66), 1:

tantumne ab re tuast oti tibi?

Ter. Heaut. 1, [p. 4] 1, 23; cf.:

Saguntini ut a proeliis quietem habuerant,

Liv. 21, 11, 5:

expiandum forum ab illis nefarii sceleris vestigiis,

Cic. Rab. Perd. 4, 11:

haec provincia non modo a calamitate, sed etiam a metu calamitatis est defendenda,

id. Imp. Pomp. 6, 14 (v. defendo):

ab incendio urbem vigiliis munitam intellegebat,

Sall. C. 32:

ut neque sustinere se a lapsu possent,

Liv. 21, 35, 12:

ut meam domum metueret atque a me ipso caveret,

Cic. Sest. 64, 133.

With verbs of expecting, fearing, hoping, and the like, ab =a parte, as, Cic. Att. 9, 7, 4: cum eadem metuam ab hac parte, since I fear the same from this side; hence, timere, metuere ab aliquo, not, to be afraid of any one, but, to fear something (proceeding from) from him:

el metul a Chryside,

Ter. And. 1, 1, 79; cf.:

ab Hannibale metuens,

Liv. 23, 36; and:

metus a praetore,

id. 23, 15, 7;

v. Weissenb. ad h. l.: a quo quidem genere, judices, ego numquam timui,

Cic. Sull. 20, 59:

postquam nec ab Romanis robis ulla est spes,

you can expect nothing from the Romans, Liv. 21, 13, 4.

With verbs of fastening and holding:

funiculus a puppi religatus,

Cic. Inv. 2, 51, 154:

cum sinistra capillum ejus a vertice teneret,

Q. Cic. Pet. Cons. 3.

Ulcisci se ab aliquo, to take vengeance on one:

a ferro sanguis humanus se ulciscitur,

Plin. 34, 14, 41 fin.

Cognoscere ab aliqua re to knoio or learn by means of something (different from ab aliquo, to learn from some one):

id se a Gallicis armis atque insignibus cognovisse,

Caes. B. G. 1, 22.

Dolere, laborare, valere ab, instead of the simple abl.:

doleo ab animo, doleo ab oculis, doleo ab aegritudine,

Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 62:

a morbo valui, ab animo aeger fui,

id. Ep. 1, 2, 26; cf. id. Aul. 2, 2, 9:

a frigore et aestu ne quid laborent,

Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 17; so,

a frigore laborantibus,

Plin. 32, 10, 46, § 133; cf.:

laborare ab re frumentaria,

Caes. B. G. 7, 10, 1; id. B. C. 3, 9; v. laboro.

Where verbs and adjectives are joined with ab, instead of the simple abl., ab defines more exactly the respect in which that which is expressed by the verb or adj. is to be understood, in relation to, with regard to, in respect to, on the part of:

ab ingenio improbus,

Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 59:

a me pudica'st,

id. Curc. 1, 1, 51:

orba ab optimatibus contio,

Cic. Fl. 23, 54; ro Ov. H. 6,156: securos vos ab hac parte reddemus, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 24 fin. (v. securus):

locus copiosus a frumento,

Cic. Att. 5, 18, 2; cf.:

sumus imparati cum a militibas tum a pecunia,

id. ib. 7, 15 fin.:

ille Graecus ab omni laude felicior,

id. Brut. 16, 63:

ab una parte haud satis prosperuin,

Liv. 1, 32, 2 al.;

so often in poets ab arte=arte,

artfully, Tib. 1, 5, 4; 1, 9, 66; Ov. Am. 2, 4, 30.

In the statement of the motive instead of ex, propter, or the simple abl. causae, from, out of, on account of, in consequence of: ab singulari amore scribo, Balb. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 7, B fin.:

linguam ab irrisu exserentem,

thrusting out the tongue in derision, Liv. 7, 10, 5:

ab honore,

id. 1, 8; so, ab ira, a spe, ab odio, v. Drak. ad Liv. 24, 30, 1: 26, 1, 3; cf. also Kritz and Fabri ad Sall. J. 31, 3, and Fabri ad Liv. 21, 36, 7.

Especially in the poets instead of the gen.:

ab illo injuria,

Ter. And. 1, 1, 129:

fulgor ab auro,

Lucr. 2, 5:

dulces a fontibus undae,

Verg. G. 2, 243.

In indicating a part of the whole, for the more usual ex, of, out of:

scuto ab novissimis uni militi detracto,

Caes. B. G. 2, 25, 1:

nonnuill ab novissimis,

id. ib.; Cic. Sest. 65, 137; cf. id. ib. 59 fin.: a quibus (captivis) ad Senatum missus (Regulus).

In marking that from which any thing proceeds, and to which it belongs:

qui sunt ab ea disciplina,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 3, 7:

ab eo qui sunt,

id. Fin. 4, 3, 7:

nostri illi a Platone et Aristotele aiunt,

id. Mur. 30, 63 (in imitation of oi upo tinos).

To designate an office or dignity (with or without servus; so not freq. till after the Aug. period;

in Cic. only once): Pollex, servus a pedibus meus,

one of my couriers, Cic. Att. 8, 5, 1; so,

a manu servus,

a secretary, Suet. Caes. 74: Narcissum ab eplstulis ( secretary) et Pallantem a rationibus ( accountant), id. Claud. 28; and so, ab actis, ab admissione, ab aegris, ab apotheca, ab argento, a balneis, a bibliotheca, a codicillis, a jumentis, a potione, etc. (v. these words and Inscr. Orell. vol. 3, Ind. xi. p. 181 sq.).

The use of ab before adverbs is for the most part peculiar to later Latinity:

a peregre,

Vitr. 5, 7 (6), 8:

a foris,

Plin. 17, 24, 37; Vulg. Gen, 7, 16; ib. Matt. 23, 27:

ab intus,

ib. ib. 7, 15:

ab invicem,

App. Herb. 112; Vulg. Matt. 25, 32; Cypr. Ep. 63, 9: Hier. Ep. 18:

a longe,

Hyg. Fab. 257; Vulg. Gen. 22, 4; ib. Matt. 26, 58:

a modo,

ib. ib. 23, 39;

Hier. Vit. Hilar.: a nune,

Vulg. Luc. 1, 48:

a sursum,

ib. Marc. 15, 38.

Ab is not repeated like most other prepositions (v. ad, ex, in, etc.) with pron. interrog. or relat. after subst. and pron. demonstr. with ab:

Arsinoen, Stratum, Naupactum...fateris ab hostibus esse captas. Quibus autem hostibus? Nempe iis, quos, etc.,

Cic. Pis. 37, 91:

a rebus gerendis senectus abstrahit. Quibus? An iis, quae in juventute geruntur et viribus?

id. Sen. 6:

a Jove incipiendum putat. Quo Jove?

id. Rep. 1, 36, 56:

res publica, quascumque vires habebit, ab iis ipsis, quibus tenetur, de te propediem impetrabit,

id. Fam. 4, 13, 5.—

Ab in Plantus is once put after the word which it governs: quo ab, As. 1, 1, 106.—

It is in various ways separated from the word which it governs:

a vitae periculo,

Cic. Brut. 91, 313:

a nullius umquam me tempore aut commodo,

id. Arch. 6, 12:

a minus bono,

Sall. C. 2, 6:

a satis miti principio,

Liv. 1, 6, 4:

damnis dives ab ipsa suis,

Ov. H. 9, 96; so id. ib. 12, 18; 13, 116.—

The poets join a and que, making aque; but in good prose que is annexed to the following abl. (a meque, abs teque, etc.):

aque Chao,

Verg. G. 4, 347:

aque mero,

Ov. M. 3, 631:

aque viro,

id. H. 6, 156:

aque suis,

id. Tr. 5, 2, 74 al. But:

a meque,

Cic. Fam. 2, 16, 1:

abs teque,

id. Att. 3, 15, 4:

a teque,

id. ib. 8, 11, §

7: a primaque adulescentia,

id. Brut. 91, 315 al. —

A Greek noun joined with ab stands in the dat.: a parte negotiati, hoc est pragmatikê, removisse, Quint. 3, 7, 1.

In composition ab,

Retains its original signif.: abducere, to take or carry away from some place: abstrahere, to draw auay; also, downward: abicere, to throw down; and denoting a departure from the idea of the simple word, it has an effect apparently privative: absimilis, departing from the similar, unlike: abnormis, departing from the rule, unusual (different from dissimilis, enormis); and so also in amens=a mente remotus, alienus ( out of one's senses, without self-control, insane): absurdus, missounding, then incongruous, irrational: abutor (in one of its senses), to misuse: aborior, abortus, to miscarry: abludo; for the privative force the Latin regularly employs in-, v. 2. in.—

It more rarely designates completeness, as in absorbere, abutor ( to use up). (The designation of the fourth generation in the ascending or descending line by ab belongs here only in appearance; as abavus for quartus pater, great-great-grandfather, although the Greeks introduced upopappos; for the immutability of the syllable ab in abpatrnus and abmatertera, as well as the signif. Of the word abavus, grandfather's grandfather, imitated in abnepos, grandchild's grandchild, seems to point to a derivation from avi avus, as Festus, p. 13 Mull., explains atavus, by atta avi, or, rather, attae avus.)

abdĭtīvus, a, um, adj. [abdo].

Removed or separated from = remotus, sejunctus:

a patre,

Plaut. Poen. prol. 65.—

ABDITIVI: abortivi, Paul. ex Fest. p. 22 Müll. (without an example).

dī-verto ( vorto), ti, sum, 3, v. n., to turn or go different ways, to part, separate, turn aside (in the verb. finit. rare; not in the class. per.).

Lit.

To turn out of the way; hence, of travellers, to stop, lodge, sojourn:

qui divertebat in proximo,

Amm. 14, 7, 15:

in cenaculum,

Vulg. 4 Reg. 4, 11:

ad hominem peccatorem,

to visit, id. Luc. 19, 7 al. —

Of a married woman, to leave her husband:

(uxor) sive diverterit, sive nupta est adhuc,

Dig. 9, 2, 27, § 30; cf.

so of divorce: si uxor a legato diverterit,

ib. 5, 1, 42:

nullis matrimoniis divertentibus,

Gell. 4, 3. V. also divortium.—

Trop., to deviate from each other, to differ:

divortunt mores virgini longe ac lupae,

Plaut. Ep. 3, 3, 22.—Hence, dīversus ( - vorsus), a, um, P. a., turned different ways.

Set over against each other, opposite, contrary (freq. and class.; cf.: adversus, contrarius).

Lit.:

in diversum iter equi concitati,

Liv. 1, 28:

fenestrae,

opposite each other, Prop. 1, 3, 31; cf.

ripa,

Sil. 1, 264 Drak.:

iter a proposito diversum,

Caes. B. C. 1, 69, 1; cf.:

diverso ab ea regione itinere,

id. ib. 3, 41, 4:

diversis ab flumine regionibus,

id. B. G. 6, 25, 3:

diversam aciem constituit,

id. B. C. 1, 40, 5:

duo cinguli maxime inter se diversi, i. e. the two polar circles,

Cic. Rep. 6, 20 (13):

diversum ad mare dejectus,

Tac. A. 2, 60; cf.:

procurrentibus in diversa terris,

id. Agr. 11:

in diversum flectere,

Plin. 11, 45, 101, § 248:

binas per diversum coassationes substernere,

cross-wise, Plin. 36, 25, 62, § 186.—

Trop.

In gen., different, diverse, opposite, contrary, conflicting (cf.:

varius, differens, discrepans, multiplex): monstrum ex contrariis diversisque inter se pugnantibus naturae studiis cupiditatibusque conflatum,

Cic. Cael. 5 fin.; cf.:

quis non diversa praesentibus contrariaque expectatis aut speret aut timeat?

Vell. 2, 75, 2:

pessuma ac divorsa inter se mala, luxuria atque avaritia,

Sall. C. 5, 8; cf. Liv. 34, 4.—In the sup.:

ne illi falsi sunt, qui diversissimas res pariter exspectant, ignaviae voluptatem et praemia virtutis,

Sall. J. 85, 20:

diversa sibi ambo consilia capiunt,

Caes. B. C. 3, 30, 1:

est huic diversum vitio vitium prope majus,

Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 5; cf. Vell. 2, 80, 2:

initio reges diversi pars ingenium, alii corpus exercebant,

pursuing opposite courses, Sall. C. 2, 1:

diversi imperatoribus (sc. Scipioni et Mummio) mores, diversa fuerunt studia,

Vell. 1, 13, 3:

dividere bona diversis,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 114; cf. id. ib. 1, 1, 3; Vell. 2, 60 fin. et saep.—Of conflicting passions: Pentheum diripuisse aiunt Bacchas;

nugas fuisse credo, prae quo pacto ego divorsus distrahor,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 4, 2.— Comp.:

divorsius,

Lucr. 3, 803.—

In partic. (like contrarius, II. 2.), inimically opposed, of hostile or opposite opinions, unfriendly, hostile:

certa igitur cum illo, qui a te totus diversus est,

Cic. Ac. 2, 32:

regio ab se diversa,

Liv. 32, 38:

diversos iterum conjungere amantes,

Prop. 1, 10, 15:

acies,

Tac. A. 13, 57; 14, 30:

factio,

Suet. Caes. 20; id. Tib. 3 fin.; cf.

partes,

id. Caes. 1:

diversae partis advocatus,

opposite, id. Gramm. 4:

diversi ordiuntur, etc.,

Tac. A. 2, 10:

subsellia,

of the opponents, Quint. 11, 3, 133; cf. Tac. Or. 34:

minuere invidiam aut in diversum eam transferre,

Quint. 11, 1, 64:

defectio Tarentinorum utrum priore anno an hoc facta sit, in diversum auctores trahunt,

are not agreed, Liv. 25, 11 fin.; cf.:

nullo in diversum auctore,

Tac. A. 12, 69:

consistentis ex diverso patroni,

on the opposite side, Quint. 4, 1, 42:

ex diverso,

id. 5, 11, 43; Tac. A. 13, 40; id. H. 4, 16 et saep.;

also: e diverso,

Plin. 4, 4, 5, § 9; Just. 30, 4, 6; the latter in Sueton, and the elder Pliny, i. q. contra, on the contrary:

sunt qui putent, etc.... Alii e diverso, etc.,

Suet. Caes. 86; cf. id. Aug. 27; id. Dom. 9; Plin. 2, 50, 51, § 135; 5, 9, 10, § 56 al.; cf. Sillig. ad Plin. 14, 2, 4, § 35; Gai. Inst. 2, 16.

In different directions, apart, separate (so most freq. in all periods and kinds of writing).

Lit.: dispennite hominem divorsum et distennite, spread out in opposite directions, i. e. his limbs, Plaut. Mil. 5, 14:

diversae state,

id. Truc. 4, 3, 14; cf.:

diversi pugnabant,

separately, Caes. B. C. 1, 58, 4; so,

jam antea diversi audistis,

Sall. C. 20, 5; and:

sive juncti unum premant, sive id diversi gerant bellum,

Liv. 10, 25:

diversi dissipatique in omnes partes fugere,

Caes. B. G. 2, 24, 4; cf.:

ex diversa fuga in unum collecti,

Liv. 42, 8:

age diversos et disice corpora ponto,

Verg. A. 1, 70:

diversi consules discedunt,

Liv. 10, 33, 10; 22, 56; Nep. Dat. 11, 3 al.; cf.:

quo diversus abis?

away, Verg. A. 5, 166; 11, 855:

qui (portus) cum diversos inter se aditus habeant, in exitu conjunguntur et confluunt,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 52 fin.; cf. id. Agr. 2, 32, 87; Liv. 40, 22:

in locis disjunctissimis maximeque diversis,

very widely separated, Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 4; so,

loca,

id. ib. 16; Caes. B. G. 2, 22, 1 et saep.—Cf. in the sup.:

diversissimis locis subeundo ad moenia,

Liv. 4, 22:

itinera,

Caes. B. G. 7, 16 fin.; id. B. C. 3, 67, 2:

proelium,

fought in different places, Hirt. B. G. 8, 19, 2 et saep.: sunt ea innumerabilia, quae a diversis emebantur, by various people, individuals (as an indefinite term for persons), Cic. Phil. 2, 37. — Poet., i. q. remotus, remote, far-distant:

Aesar,

i. e. flowing in another, remote country, Ov. M. 15, 23; cf. Verg. A. 3, 4; 11, 261; 12, 621;

708: diverso terrarum distineri,

distance apart, remoteness, Tac. A. 3, 59.—

Trop.

Different, unlike, dissimilar:

varia et diversa genera et bellorum et hostium,

Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 10 fin.; cf.:

variae et diversae et diffusae disputationes,

id. de Or. 3, 16, 61; 1, 61 fin.:

diversa ac dissimilis pars,

id. Inv. 1, 23, 33; cf.:

diversa studia in dissimili ratione,

id. Cat. 2, 5:

flumina diversa locis,

Verg. G. 4, 367; so Ov. M. 1, 40:

oris habitu simili aut diverso,

Quint. 9, 3, 34 al.:

ut par ingenio, ita morum diversus,

Tac. A. 14, 19:

a proposita ratione diversum,

Cic. Brut. 90; cf.:

ab his longe diversae litterae,

Sall. C. 34 fin.; Quint. 4, 1, 9; cf. also id. 2, 10, 7:

huic diversa sententia eorum fuit,

id. 3, 6, 32. —Cf. so with dat., Quint. 2, 3, 10; 3, 10, 3 et saep.—With gen.:

diversa omnium, quae umquam accidere, civilium armorum facies,

Tac. A. 1, 49:

diversa in hac ac supradicta alite quaedam,

Plin. 10, 12, 15, § 32:

eruca diversae est, quam lactuca, naturae,

id. 19, 8, 44, § 154.—

Divided, fluctuating, hesitating, inconsistent:

metu ac libidine divorsus agebatur,

Sall. J. 25, 6:

qui diversus animi modo numen pavescere, modo, etc.,

Tac. H. 4, 84:

diversi fremat inconstantia vulgi,

Tib. 4, 1, 45.— Adv.: dī-verse or dīvorse (acc. to II.), different ways, hither and thither; in different directions (very rarely): corpora prostrata diverse jacebant, scattered, Auct. B. Afr. 40 fin.; so,

pauci paulo divorsius conciderant,

Sall. C. 61, 3:

multifariam diverseque tendere,

Suet. Galb. 19.—

Trop. of the mind:

curae meum animum divorse trahunt,

Ter. And. 1, 5, 25:

ab eodem de eadem re diverse dicitur,

differently, Cic. Inv. 1, 50:

diversissime adfici,

very variously, Suet. Tib. 66:

uti verbo ab alicujus sententia diverse,

in a different meaning, Gell. 6, 17, 9.

dī-verto ( vorto), ti, sum, 3, v. n., to turn or go different ways, to part, separate, turn aside (in the verb. finit. rare; not in the class. per.).

Lit.

To turn out of the way; hence, of travellers, to stop, lodge, sojourn:

qui divertebat in proximo,

Amm. 14, 7, 15:

in cenaculum,

Vulg. 4 Reg. 4, 11:

ad hominem peccatorem,

to visit, id. Luc. 19, 7 al. —

Of a married woman, to leave her husband:

(uxor) sive diverterit, sive nupta est adhuc,

Dig. 9, 2, 27, § 30; cf.

so of divorce: si uxor a legato diverterit,

ib. 5, 1, 42:

nullis matrimoniis divertentibus,

Gell. 4, 3. V. also divortium.—

Trop., to deviate from each other, to differ:

divortunt mores virgini longe ac lupae,

Plaut. Ep. 3, 3, 22.—Hence, dīversus ( - vorsus), a, um, P. a., turned different ways.

Set over against each other, opposite, contrary (freq. and class.; cf.: adversus, contrarius).

Lit.:

in diversum iter equi concitati,

Liv. 1, 28:

fenestrae,

opposite each other, Prop. 1, 3, 31; cf.

ripa,

Sil. 1, 264 Drak.:

iter a proposito diversum,

Caes. B. C. 1, 69, 1; cf.:

diverso ab ea regione itinere,

id. ib. 3, 41, 4:

diversis ab flumine regionibus,

id. B. G. 6, 25, 3:

diversam aciem constituit,

id. B. C. 1, 40, 5:

duo cinguli maxime inter se diversi, i. e. the two polar circles,

Cic. Rep. 6, 20 (13):

diversum ad mare dejectus,

Tac. A. 2, 60; cf.:

procurrentibus in diversa terris,

id. Agr. 11:

in diversum flectere,

Plin. 11, 45, 101, § 248:

binas per diversum coassationes substernere,

cross-wise, Plin. 36, 25, 62, § 186.—

Trop.

In gen., different, diverse, opposite, contrary, conflicting (cf.:

varius, differens, discrepans, multiplex): monstrum ex contrariis diversisque inter se pugnantibus naturae studiis cupiditatibusque conflatum,

Cic. Cael. 5 fin.; cf.:

quis non diversa praesentibus contrariaque expectatis aut speret aut timeat?

Vell. 2, 75, 2:

pessuma ac divorsa inter se mala, luxuria atque avaritia,

Sall. C. 5, 8; cf. Liv. 34, 4.—In the sup.:

ne illi falsi sunt, qui diversissimas res pariter exspectant, ignaviae voluptatem et praemia virtutis,

Sall. J. 85, 20:

diversa sibi ambo consilia capiunt,

Caes. B. C. 3, 30, 1:

est huic diversum vitio vitium prope majus,

Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 5; cf. Vell. 2, 80, 2:

initio reges diversi pars ingenium, alii corpus exercebant,

pursuing opposite courses, Sall. C. 2, 1:

diversi imperatoribus (sc. Scipioni et Mummio) mores, diversa fuerunt studia,

Vell. 1, 13, 3:

dividere bona diversis,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 114; cf. id. ib. 1, 1, 3; Vell. 2, 60 fin. et saep.—Of conflicting passions: Pentheum diripuisse aiunt Bacchas;

nugas fuisse credo, prae quo pacto ego divorsus distrahor,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 4, 2.— Comp.:

divorsius,

Lucr. 3, 803.—

In partic. (like contrarius, II. 2.), inimically opposed, of hostile or opposite opinions, unfriendly, hostile:

certa igitur cum illo, qui a te totus diversus est,

Cic. Ac. 2, 32:

regio ab se diversa,

Liv. 32, 38:

diversos iterum conjungere amantes,

Prop. 1, 10, 15:

acies,

Tac. A. 13, 57; 14, 30:

factio,

Suet. Caes. 20; id. Tib. 3 fin.; cf.

partes,

id. Caes. 1:

diversae partis advocatus,

opposite, id. Gramm. 4:

diversi ordiuntur, etc.,

Tac. A. 2, 10:

subsellia,

of the opponents, Quint. 11, 3, 133; cf. Tac. Or. 34:

minuere invidiam aut in diversum eam transferre,

Quint. 11, 1, 64:

defectio Tarentinorum utrum priore anno an hoc facta sit, in diversum auctores trahunt,

are not agreed, Liv. 25, 11 fin.; cf.:

nullo in diversum auctore,

Tac. A. 12, 69:

consistentis ex diverso patroni,

on the opposite side, Quint. 4, 1, 42:

ex diverso,

id. 5, 11, 43; Tac. A. 13, 40; id. H. 4, 16 et saep.;

also: e diverso,

Plin. 4, 4, 5, § 9; Just. 30, 4, 6; the latter in Sueton, and the elder Pliny, i. q. contra, on the contrary:

sunt qui putent, etc.... Alii e diverso, etc.,

Suet. Caes. 86; cf. id. Aug. 27; id. Dom. 9; Plin. 2, 50, 51, § 135; 5, 9, 10, § 56 al.; cf. Sillig. ad Plin. 14, 2, 4, § 35; Gai. Inst. 2, 16.

In different directions, apart, separate (so most freq. in all periods and kinds of writing).

Lit.: dispennite hominem divorsum et distennite, spread out in opposite directions, i. e. his limbs, Plaut. Mil. 5, 14:

diversae state,

id. Truc. 4, 3, 14; cf.:

diversi pugnabant,

separately, Caes. B. C. 1, 58, 4; so,

jam antea diversi audistis,

Sall. C. 20, 5; and:

sive juncti unum premant, sive id diversi gerant bellum,

Liv. 10, 25:

diversi dissipatique in omnes partes fugere,

Caes. B. G. 2, 24, 4; cf.:

ex diversa fuga in unum collecti,

Liv. 42, 8:

age diversos et disice corpora ponto,

Verg. A. 1, 70:

diversi consules discedunt,

Liv. 10, 33, 10; 22, 56; Nep. Dat. 11, 3 al.; cf.:

quo diversus abis?

away, Verg. A. 5, 166; 11, 855:

qui (portus) cum diversos inter se aditus habeant, in exitu conjunguntur et confluunt,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 52 fin.; cf. id. Agr. 2, 32, 87; Liv. 40, 22:

in locis disjunctissimis maximeque diversis,

very widely separated, Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 4; so,

loca,

id. ib. 16; Caes. B. G. 2, 22, 1 et saep.—Cf. in the sup.:

diversissimis locis subeundo ad moenia,

Liv. 4, 22:

itinera,

Caes. B. G. 7, 16 fin.; id. B. C. 3, 67, 2:

proelium,

fought in different places, Hirt. B. G. 8, 19, 2 et saep.: sunt ea innumerabilia, quae a diversis emebantur, by various people, individuals (as an indefinite term for persons), Cic. Phil. 2, 37. — Poet., i. q. remotus, remote, far-distant:

Aesar,

i. e. flowing in another, remote country, Ov. M. 15, 23; cf. Verg. A. 3, 4; 11, 261; 12, 621;

708: diverso terrarum distineri,

distance apart, remoteness, Tac. A. 3, 59.—

Trop.

Different, unlike, dissimilar:

varia et diversa genera et bellorum et hostium,

Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 10 fin.; cf.:

variae et diversae et diffusae disputationes,

id. de Or. 3, 16, 61; 1, 61 fin.:

diversa ac dissimilis pars,

id. Inv. 1, 23, 33; cf.:

diversa studia in dissimili ratione,

id. Cat. 2, 5:

flumina diversa locis,

Verg. G. 4, 367; so Ov. M. 1, 40:

oris habitu simili aut diverso,

Quint. 9, 3, 34 al.:

ut par ingenio, ita morum diversus,

Tac. A. 14, 19:

a proposita ratione diversum,

Cic. Brut. 90; cf.:

ab his longe diversae litterae,

Sall. C. 34 fin.; Quint. 4, 1, 9; cf. also id. 2, 10, 7:

huic diversa sententia eorum fuit,

id. 3, 6, 32. —Cf. so with dat., Quint. 2, 3, 10; 3, 10, 3 et saep.—With gen.:

diversa omnium, quae umquam accidere, civilium armorum facies,

Tac. A. 1, 49:

diversa in hac ac supradicta alite quaedam,

Plin. 10, 12, 15, § 32:

eruca diversae est, quam lactuca, naturae,

id. 19, 8, 44, § 154.—

Divided, fluctuating, hesitating, inconsistent:

metu ac libidine divorsus agebatur,

Sall. J. 25, 6:

qui diversus animi modo numen pavescere, modo, etc.,

Tac. H. 4, 84:

diversi fremat inconstantia vulgi,

Tib. 4, 1, 45.— Adv.: dī-verse or dīvorse (acc. to II.), different ways, hither and thither; in different directions (very rarely): corpora prostrata diverse jacebant, scattered, Auct. B. Afr. 40 fin.; so,

pauci paulo divorsius conciderant,

Sall. C. 61, 3:

multifariam diverseque tendere,

Suet. Galb. 19.—

Trop. of the mind:

curae meum animum divorse trahunt,

Ter. And. 1, 5, 25:

ab eodem de eadem re diverse dicitur,

differently, Cic. Inv. 1, 50:

diversissime adfici,

very variously, Suet. Tib. 66:

uti verbo ab alicujus sententia diverse,

in a different meaning, Gell. 6, 17, 9.

rĕ-pōno, pŏsŭi, pŏsĭtum, 3 ( perf. reposivi, Plaut. As. 3, 1, 16; part. sync. repostus, a, um, on account of the metre, Lucr. 1, 35; 3, 346; Verg. G. 3, 527; id. A. 1, 26; 6, 59; 655; 11, 149; Hor. Epod. 9, 1; Sil. 7, 507 al.), v. a., to lay, place, put, or set back, i. e.,

With the idea of the re predominant.

To lay, place, put, or set a thing back in its former place; to replace, restore, etc. (class.; syn. remitto).

Lit.:

cum suo quemque loco lapidem reponeret,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 56, § 146:

quicque suo loco,

Col. 12, 3, 4:

humum,

the earth dug from a pit, Verg. G. 2, 231:

pecuniam in thesauris,

Liv. 29, 18, 15 Weissenb.; 31, 13; cf.:

ornamenta templorum in pristinis sedibus,

Val. Max. 5, 1, 6:

infans repositus in cunas,

Suet. Aug. 94:

ossa in suas sedes,

Cels. 8, 10, 1:

femur ne difficulter reponatur vel repositum excidat,

set again, id. 8, 20; 8, 10, 7: se in cubitum, to lean on the elbow again (at table), Hor. S. 2, 4, 39:

insigne regium, quod ille de suo capite abjecerat, reposuit,

Cic. Sest. 27, 58:

columnas,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 56, § 147:

tantundem inaurati aeris,

Suet. Caes. 54:

togam,

to gather up again, Quint. 6, 3, 54; 11, 3, 149:

capillum,

id. 11, 3, 8, prooem. §

22: excussus curru ac rursus repositus,

Suet. Ner. 24:

nos in sceptra,

to reinstate, Verg. A. 1, 253; cf.:

reges per bella pulsos,

Sil. 10, 487:

aliquem solio,

Val. Fl. 6, 742:

veniet qui nos in lucem reponat dies,

Sen. Ep. 36, 10:

ut mihi des nummos sexcentos quos continuo tibi reponam hoc triduo aut quadriduo,

Plaut. Pers. 1, 1, 38; Sen. Ben. 4, 32 fin.:

quosdam nihil reposuisse,

Plin. Ep. 8, 2, 6:

donata,

Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 39:

flammis ambesa reponunt Robora navigiis,

to replace, restore, Verg. A. 5, 752:

aris ignem,

id. ib. 3, 231:

molem,

Sil. 1, 558:

ruptos vetustate pontes,

Tac. A. 1, 63:

fora templaque,

id. H. 3, 34:

amissa urbi,

id. A. 16, 13:

statuas a plebe disjectas,

Suet. Caes. 65:

cenam,

Mart. 2, 37, 10;

so esp. freq. in Vergil, of the serving up of a second course, as of a renewed banquet: sublata pocula,

Verg. A. 8, 175:

plena pocula,

id. G. 4, 378:

vina mensis (soon after, instaurare epulas),

id. A. 7, 134:

epulas,

id. G. 3, 527:

festas mensas,

Stat. Th. 2, 88:

cibi frigidi et repositi,

Quint. 2, 4, 29.—

Trop., to put or bring back; to replace, restore, renew:

ut, si quid titubaverint (testes), opportuna rursus interrogatione velut in gradum reponantur,

Quint. 5, 7, 11; cf.:

excidentes unius admonitione verbi in memoriam reponuntur,

id. 11, 2, 19:

nec vera virtus, cum semel excidit, Curat reponi deterioribus,

Hor. C. 3, 5, 30.—

To represent or describe again, to repeat:

fabula quae posci vult et spectata reponi,

Hor. A. P. 190:

Achillem (after Homer),

id. ib. 120; cf.:

dicta paterna,

Pers. 6, 66.—

To repay, requite, return:

cogitemus, alios non facere injuriam, sed reponere,

Sen. Ira, 2, 28; cf. Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 19:

semper ego auditor tantum? nunquamne reponam?

repay, Juv. 1, 1.—

To put back, put to rest, quiet:

pontum et turbata litora,

Val. Fl. 1, 682; cf.:

post otiosam et repositam vitam,

Amm. 29, 1, 44.—

To bend backwards, lay back: (grues) mollia crura reponunt, bend back (in walking), Enn. ap. Serv. ad Verg. G. 3, 76 (Ann. v. 545 Vahl.);

imitated by Virgil: pullus mollia crura reponit,

Verg. G. 3, 76:

cervicem reponunt et bracchium in latus jactant,

Quint. 4, 2, 39:

tereti cervice repostā,

Lucr. 1, 35:

interim quartus (digitus) oblique reponitur,

Quint. 11, 3, 99:

hic potissimum et vocem flectunt et cervicem reponunt,

id. 4, 2, 39:

membra (mortui) toro,

Verg. A. 6, 220:

membra stratis,

id. ib. 4, 392.—

To lay aside or away for preservation; to lay up, store up, keep, preserve, reserve (class.; cf.: regero, reservo).

Lit.: nec tempestive demetendi [p. 1571] percipiendique fructūs neque condendi ac reponendi ulla pecudum scientia est, Cic. N. D. 2, 62, 156:

cibum,

Quint. 2, 4, 29:

formicae farris acervum tecto reponunt,

Verg. A. 4, 403:

Caecubum ad festas dapes,

Hor. Epod. 9, 1:

mella in vetustatem,

Col. 12, 11, 1; 12, 44, 7:

alimenta in hiemem,

Quint. 2, 16, 16:

(caseum) hiemi,

Verg. G. 3, 403:

omnia quae multo ante memor provisa repones,

id. ib. 1, 167:

thesaurum,

Quint. 2, 7, 4:

scripta in aliquod tempus,

id. 10, 4, 2.— Poet.:

eadem (gratia) sequitur tellure repostos, i. e. conditos,

buried, Verg. A. 6, 655; cf.:

an poteris siccis mea fata reponere ocellis? (= me mortuum),

Prop. 1, 17, 11:

tu pias laetis animas reponis Sedibus,

Hor. C. 1, 10, 17:

repono infelix lacrimas, et tristia carmina servo,

Stat. S. 5, 5, 47.—

Trop.:

opus est studio praecedente et acquisitā facultate et quasi repositā,

Quint. 8, prooem. §

29: aliquid scriptis,

id. 11, 2, 9:

manet altā mente repostum Judicium Paridis,

Verg. A. 1, 26:

reponere odium,

Tac. Agr. 39 fin.:

sensibus haec imis... reponas,

Verg. E. 3, 54.—

To put in the place of, to substitute one thing for another (class.).

Lit.:

non puto te meas epistulas delere, ut reponas tuas,

Cic. Fam. 7, 18, 2:

Aristophanem pro Eupoli,

id. Att. 12, 6, 2; Quint. 11, 2, 49:

eorumque in vicem idonea reponenda,

Col. 4, 26, 2:

dira ne sedes vacet, monstrum repone majus,

Sen. Phoen. 122.—

Trop.:

at vero praeclarum diem illis reposuisti, Verria ut agerent,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 21, § 52.—

To lay aside, to lay down, lay by, put away.

Lit.:

remum,

Plaut. As. 3, 1, 16:

arma omnia,

Caes. B. C. 2, 14:

caestus artemque,

Verg. A. 5, 484:

feretro reposto,

id. ib. 11, 149:

onus,

Cat. 31, 8:

telasque calathosque infectaque pensa,

Ov. M. 4, 10; Sil. 7, 507:

rursus sumptas figuras,

Ov. M. 12, 557:

bracchia,

to let down, Val. Fl. 4, 279.— Poet.:

jam falcem arbusta reponunt,

i. e. permit to be laid aside, Verg. G. 2, 416.—

Trop.:

brevem fugam,

to end the flight, Stat. Th. 6, 592:

iram,

Manil. 2, 649.—

With the idea of the verb predominant, to lay, place, put, set a thing anywhere (freq. and class.; syn. colloco).

Lit.:

grues in tergo praevolantium colla et capita reponunt,

Cic. N. D. 2, 49, 125:

colla in plumis,

Ov. M. 10, 269:

litteras in gremio,

Liv. 26, 15:

hunc celso in ostro,

Val. Fl. 3, 339:

ligna super foco Large reponens,

Hor. C. 1, 9, 6:

(nidum) ante fores sacras reponit,

Ov. M. 15, 407.— With in and acc.:

uvas in vasa nova,

Col. 12, 16:

data sunt legatis, quae in aerarium reposuerant,

Val. Max. 4, 3, 9:

anulos in locellum,

id. 7, 8, 9; cf.:

mergum altius in terram,

Plin. 17, 23, 35, § 205.—

Trop., to place, put, set; to place, count, reckon among:

in vestrā mansuetudine atque humanitate causam totam repono,

Cic. Sull. 33, 92:

vos meam defensionem in aliquo artis loco reponetis,

id. de Or. 2, 48, 198:

suos hortatur, ut spem omnem in virtute reponant,

Caes. B. C. 2, 41:

in se omnem spem,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 12, 36:

nihil spei in caritate civium,

Liv. 1, 49; 2, 39:

salutem ac libertatem in illorum armis dextrisque,

id. 27, 45:

verum honorem non in splendore titulorum, sed in judiciis hominum,

Plin. Pan. 84, 8; id. Ep. 1, 3, 3:

plus in duce quam in exercitu,

Tac. G. 30; Liv. 24, 37:

plus in deo quam in viribus reponentes,

Just. 24, 8, 2:

fiduciam in re reponere,

Plin. Ep. 3, 9, 16; 1, 8, 14:

ea facta, quae in obscuritate et silentio reponuntur,

id. ib. 1, 8, 6:

quos equidem in deorum immortalium coetu ac numero repono,

place, count, reckon among, Cic. Sest. 68, 143; so,

sidera in deorum numero,

id. N. D. 2, 21, 54; cf. id. ib. 3, 19, 47 Mos. N. cr.:

Catulum in clarissimorum hominum numero,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 90, § 210: aliquem in suis, Antonius ap. Cic. Att. 10, 8, A, 1.— With in and acc.:

homines morte deletos in deos,

Cic. N. D. 1, 15, 38:

in deorum numerum reponemus,

id. ib. 3, 19, 47:

Isocratem hunc in numerum non repono,

id. Opt. Gen. 6, 17:

aliquid in fabularum numerum,

id. Inv. 1, 26, 39; and:

hanc partem in numerum,

id. ib. 1, 51, 97:

in ejus sinum rem publicam,

Suet. Aug. 94.—Hence, rĕpŏsĭ-tus ( rĕpostus), a, um, P. a.

Remote, distant (syn. remotus;

very rare): penitusque repostas Massylum gentes,

Verg. A. 6, 59:

terrae,

id. ib. 3, 364:

populi,

Sil. 3, 325:

convalles,

App. M. 4, p. 145, 6.—

Laid aside, stored up:

spes,

Vulg. Col. 1, 5:

corona justitiae,

id. 2, Tim. 4, 8.

sē-cerno, crēvi, crētum, 3 (old inf. secernier, Lucr. 3, 263), v. a.

Lit., to put apart, to sunder, sever, separate (freq. and class.; not in Cæs.; cf.: sepono, sejungo, secludo); constr. with simple acc., or with ab aliquā re; less freq. ex aliquā re; poet. with abl.

With simple acc.:

quae non animalia solum Corpora sejungunt, sed terras ac mare totum Secernunt,

Lucr. 2, 729:

seorsum partem utramque,

id. 3, 637:

arietes, quibus sis usurus ad feturam, bimestri tempore ante secernendum,

Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 13 (cf. infra, b):

stamen secernit harundo,

Ov. M. 6, 55:

sparsos sine ordine flores Secernunt calathis,

separate in baskets, id. ib. 14, 267:

nihil (praedae) in publicum secernendo augenti rem privatam militi favit,

setting apart for the public treasury, Liv. 7, 16; cf.:

Juppiter illa piae secrevit litora genti,

hath set apart for the pious race, Hor. Epod. 16, 63:

inde pares centum denos secrevit in orbes Romulus,

separated, divided, Ov. F. 3, 127.—

With ab or (less freq.) with ex, and poet. with abl.:

a terris altum secernere caelum,

Lucr. 5, 446:

ab aëre caelum,

Ov. M. 1, 23:

Europen ab Afro (medius liquor),

Hor. C. 3, 3, 47:

muro denique secernantur a nobis,

Cic. Cat. 1, 13, 32:

inermes ab armatis,

Liv. 41, 3:

militem a populo (in spectaculis),

Suet. Aug. 44:

se a bonis,

Cic. Cat. 1, 13, 32; cf.:

se ab Etruscis,

Liv. 6, 10.—In the part. perf.:

antequam incipiat admissura fieri, mares a feminis secretos habeant,

Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 18 (cf. supra, a); so,

saepta ab aliis,

id. ib. 2, 2, 8:

manus a nobis,

Lucr. 2, 912; 3, 552:

sphaera ab aethereā conjunctione,

Cic. N. D. 2, 21, 55:

sucus a reliquo cibo,

id. ib. 2, 55, 137:

bilis ab eo cibo,

id. ib. al.:

secreti ab aliis ad tribunos adducuntur,

Liv. 6, 25; 25, 30:

secretis alterius ab altero criminibus,

id. 40, 8 fin.; 39, 10:

se e grege imperatorum,

id. 35, 14 fin.:

unum e praetextatis compluribus,

Suet. Aug. 94 med.:

monile ex omni gazā,

id. Galb. 18:

me gelidum nemus Nympharumque leves chori Secernunt populo,

separate, distinguish, Hor. C. 1, 1, 32.—

Trop., to separate, disjoin, part, dissociate (syn.: internosco, distinguo).

With simple acc.:

hosce ego homines excipio et secerno libenter,

set apart, Cic. Cat. 4, 7, 15.—

With ab, or poet. with abl.: ut venustas et pulchritudo corporis secerni non potest a valetudine;

sic, etc.,

Cic. Off. 1, 27, 95:

animum a corpore,

id. Tusc. 1, 31, 75:

tertium genus (laudationum) a praeceptis nostris,

id. de Or. 2, 84, 341; cf.:

ipsam pronuntiationem ab oratore,

Quint. 1, 11, 17: dicendi facultatem a majore vitae laude, id. 2, 15, 2:

sua a publicis consiliis,

Liv. 4, 57:

haec a probris ac sceleribus ejus,

Suet. Ner. 19 et saep.:

cur me a ceteris clarissimis viris in hoc officio secernas,

Cic. Sull. 1, 3:

publica privatis, sacra profanis,

Hor. A. P. 397.—

To distinguish, discern:

blandum amicum a vero,

Cic. Lael. 25, 95:

non satis acute, quae sunt secernenda, distinguit,

id. Top. 7, 31:

nec natura potest justo secernere iniquum, Dividit ut bona diversis, fugienda petendis,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 113:

turpi honestum,

id. ib. 1, 6, 63.—

To set aside, reject:

cum reus frugalissimum quemque secerneret,

Cic. Att. 1, 16, 3:

minus idoneos senatores,

Suet. Vit. 2.—Hence, sēcrē-tus, a, um, P. a., severed, separated; hence, separate, apart (as an adj. not freq. till after the Aug. period; not in Cic.; syn.: sejunctus, seclusus).

In gen.:

ne ducem suum, neve secretum imperium propriave signa haberent, miscuit manipulos, etc.,

Liv. 1, 52:

electa (uva defertur) in secretam corbulam,

Varr. R. R. 1, 54, 2:

arva,

Verg. A. 6, 478; Varr. L. L. 9, § 57 Müll.—

In partic.

Of places or things pertaining to them, out of the way, retired, remote, lonely, solitary, secret (syn.:

solus, remotus, arcanus): secreta petit loca, balnea vitat,

Hor. A. P. 298:

locus (opp. celeber),

Quint. 11, 1, 47:

montes,

Ov. M. 11, 765:

silva,

id. ib. 7, 75:

litora,

id. ib. 12, 196:

pars domus (the gynaeceum),

id. ib. 2, 737; cf. in sup.:

secretissimus locus (navis),

Petr. 100, 6: vastum ubique silentium, secreti colles, solitary, i. e. abandoned, deserted by the enemy, = deserti, Tac. Agr. 38:

iter (with semita),

solitary, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 103; cf.

quies,

Mart. 7, 32, 4.—Of persons and transactions, private, secret:

invadit secretissimos tumultus,

Sen. Ep. 91, 5:

vacuis porticibus secretus agitat,

Tac. A. 11, 21:

est aliquis ex secretis studiis fructus,

private studies, Quint. 2, 18, 4; so,

studia (opp. forum),

id. 12, 6, 4:

disputationes,

id. 12, 2, 7:

contentio,

Plin. Ep. 7, 9, 4 et saep. —Hence,

Subst.: sēcrētum, i, n., retirement, solitude, secrecy; a solitude, solitary place, retreat (syn.: solitudo, secessus); sing.:

cum stilus secreto gaudeat atque omnes arbitros reformidet,

Quint. 10, 7, 16:

secreti longi causā,

Ov. H. 21, 21:

altum abditumque secretum, Phn. Ep. 2, 17, 22: dulce,

id. ib. 3, 1, 6; Quint. 10, 3, 30; 12, 5, 2; Tac. A. 4, 57; 14, 53; id. Agr. 39 fin.; Phaedr. 3, 10, 11; 4, 23, 6; Luc. 3, 314.— Plur.:

se a vulgo et scaenā in secreta removere,

Hor. S. 2, 1, 71:

horrendaeque procul secreta Sibyllae,

Verg. A. 6, 10; Ov. M. 1, 594; Tac. H. 3, 63; Quint. 1, 2, 18:

dulcis secretorum comes (eloquentia),

id. 1, 4, 5:

cameli solitudines aut secreta certe petunt,

Plin. 10, 63, 83, § 173.— Comp.:

haec pars Suevorum in secretiora Germaniae porrigitur,

into the more remote parts, Tac. G. 41. —

Absol.: in secreto, in a secret place, secretly:

tempus in secreto lbi tereret,

Liv. 26, 19, 5:

reus in secreto agebatur,

Curt. 10, 4, 29.—

That is removed from acquaintance (cf. abditus), hidden, concealed, secret:

secreta ducis pectora,

Mart. 5, 5, 4:

secretas advocat artes,

Ov. M. 7, 138:

ars,

Petr. 3:

litterae (with familiares),

Quint. 1, 1, 29:

carmina (the Sibylline odes),

Luc. 1, 599:

libidines,

Tac. A. 1, 4 fin.:

quaedam imperii pignora,

Flor. 1, 2, 3.—With ab:

nec quicquam secretum alter ab altero haberent,

Liv. 39, 10, 1.— Comp.:

libertus ex secretioribus ministeriis,

Tac. Agr. 40:

praemia (opp. publica largitio),

id. H. 1, 24:

aliud (nomen),

Quint. 1, 4, 25:

vitium stomachi,

Mart. 3, 77, 9.— Poet. for the adv. secreto:

tu (Anna) secreta pyram tecto interiore Erige,

in secret, secretly, Verg. A. 4, 494; cf.:

stridere secreta divisos aure susurros,

secretly in each one's ear, Hor. S. 2, 8, 78.—Hence,

Subst.: sēcrētum, i, n., something secret, secret conversation; a mystery, secret:

secretum petenti non nisi adhibito filio dedit,

Suet. Tib. 25 fin.; id. Calig. 23:

illuc me persecutus secretum petit,

a secret interview, Plin. Ep. 1, 5, 11:

petito secreto futura aperit,

Tac. H. 2, 4.— Piur.:

crebra cum amicis secreta habere,

Tac. A. 13, 18:

animi secreta proferuntur,

Plin. 14, 22, 28, § 141:

nulla lex jubet amicorum secreta non eloqui,

Sen. Ben. 5, 21, 1:

omnium secreta rimari,

Tac. A. 6, 3:

horribile secretum,

Petr. 21, 3; Tac. H. 1, 17 fin.; id. Agr. 25; Suet. Aug. 66:

uxor omnis secreti capacissima,

Plin. Ep. 1, 12, 7; Quint. 12, 9, 5 al.—Concr.:

lucos ac nemora consecrant deorumque nominibus appellant secretum illud, quod solā reverentiā vident,

that mysterious being, Tac. G. 9 fin.—Plur.:

introitus, aperta, secreta velut in annales referebat,

Tac. A. 4, 67; cf.:

gens non astuta aperit adhuc secreta pectoris licentia joci,

id. G. 22:

oratio animi secreta detegit,

Quint. 11, 1, 30; Tac. A. 1, 6; 4, 7 fin.; 6, 3; id. G. 19; Plin. Pan. 68, 6; Suet. Tib. 52; id. Oth. 3 et saep.—Concr.:

(Minerva) hanc legem dederat, sua ne secreta viderent,

i. e. the mysteries, Ov. M. 2, 556; 2, 749; cf.:

secretiora quaedam,

magic arts, Amm. 14, 6, 14:

in secretis ejus reperti sunt duo libelli,

among his private papers, Suet. Calig. 49.—

Pregn., separate from what is common, i. e. uncommon, rare, recondite (perh. only in the two foll. passages of Quint.):

(figurae) secretae et extra vulgarem usum positae, etc.,

Quint. 9, 3, 5: interpretatio linguae secretioris, quas Graeci glôssas vocant, i. e. of the more uncommon words, id. 1, 1, 35 (for which:

glossemata id est voces minus usitatas,

id. 1, 8, 15).—

In Lucr., of any thing separated from what belongs to it, i. e. wanting, deprived of, without something; with abl. or gen.:

nec porro secreta cibo natura animantum Propagare genus possit (corresp. to sine imbribus),

Lucr. 1, 194:

(corpora) secreta teporis Sunt ac frigoris omnino calidique vaporis (corresp. to spoliata colore),

id. 2, 843. —Hence, adv., in three forms: secreto (class.), secrete (post-class.), and secretim (late Lat. and very rare).

(Acc. to A.) Apart, by itself, separately:

de quibus (hortis) suo loco dicam secretius,

Col. 11, 2, 25. —

(Acc. to B. 2.) In secret, secretly; without witnesses; in private.

sēcrē-tō:

mirum, quid solus secum secreto ille agat,

Plaut. Am. 3, 2, 73:

secreto illum adjutabo,

id. Truc. 2, 7, 7:

secreto hoc audi,

Cic. Fam. 7, 25, 2:

nescio quid secreto velle loqui te Aiebas mecum,

Hor. S. 1, 9, 67:

secreto te huc seduxi,

Plaut. Aul. 2, 1, 14:

facere,

id. Bacch. 5, 2, 30; 5, 2, 35; Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 45, § 100; id. Att. 7, 8, 4; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 1, 4:

secreto ab aliis,

Liv. 3, 36:

secreto agere cum aliquo,

Caes. B. G. 1, 31, 1; Quint. 5, 13, 16; 9, 2, 79; Plin. Ep. 3, 20, 8; Curt. 7, 2, 13.—

sēcrētē, Tert. Or. 1 med.; id. Pall. 4 fin. —

Comp.:

secretius emittitur inflatio,

Sen. Q. N. 5, 4, 1. —

sēcrētim, Amm. 29, 1, 6.

sē-cerno, crēvi, crētum, 3 (old inf. secernier, Lucr. 3, 263), v. a.

Lit., to put apart, to sunder, sever, separate (freq. and class.; not in Cæs.; cf.: sepono, sejungo, secludo); constr. with simple acc., or with ab aliquā re; less freq. ex aliquā re; poet. with abl.

With simple acc.:

quae non animalia solum Corpora sejungunt, sed terras ac mare totum Secernunt,

Lucr. 2, 729:

seorsum partem utramque,

id. 3, 637:

arietes, quibus sis usurus ad feturam, bimestri tempore ante secernendum,

Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 13 (cf. infra, b):

stamen secernit harundo,

Ov. M. 6, 55:

sparsos sine ordine flores Secernunt calathis,

separate in baskets, id. ib. 14, 267:

nihil (praedae) in publicum secernendo augenti rem privatam militi favit,

setting apart for the public treasury, Liv. 7, 16; cf.:

Juppiter illa piae secrevit litora genti,

hath set apart for the pious race, Hor. Epod. 16, 63:

inde pares centum denos secrevit in orbes Romulus,

separated, divided, Ov. F. 3, 127.—

With ab or (less freq.) with ex, and poet. with abl.:

a terris altum secernere caelum,

Lucr. 5, 446:

ab aëre caelum,

Ov. M. 1, 23:

Europen ab Afro (medius liquor),

Hor. C. 3, 3, 47:

muro denique secernantur a nobis,

Cic. Cat. 1, 13, 32:

inermes ab armatis,

Liv. 41, 3:

militem a populo (in spectaculis),

Suet. Aug. 44:

se a bonis,

Cic. Cat. 1, 13, 32; cf.:

se ab Etruscis,

Liv. 6, 10.—In the part. perf.:

antequam incipiat admissura fieri, mares a feminis secretos habeant,

Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 18 (cf. supra, a); so,

saepta ab aliis,

id. ib. 2, 2, 8:

manus a nobis,

Lucr. 2, 912; 3, 552:

sphaera ab aethereā conjunctione,

Cic. N. D. 2, 21, 55:

sucus a reliquo cibo,

id. ib. 2, 55, 137:

bilis ab eo cibo,

id. ib. al.:

secreti ab aliis ad tribunos adducuntur,

Liv. 6, 25; 25, 30:

secretis alterius ab altero criminibus,

id. 40, 8 fin.; 39, 10:

se e grege imperatorum,

id. 35, 14 fin.:

unum e praetextatis compluribus,

Suet. Aug. 94 med.:

monile ex omni gazā,

id. Galb. 18:

me gelidum nemus Nympharumque leves chori Secernunt populo,

separate, distinguish, Hor. C. 1, 1, 32.—

Trop., to separate, disjoin, part, dissociate (syn.: internosco, distinguo).

With simple acc.:

hosce ego homines excipio et secerno libenter,

set apart, Cic. Cat. 4, 7, 15.—

With ab, or poet. with abl.: ut venustas et pulchritudo corporis secerni non potest a valetudine;

sic, etc.,

Cic. Off. 1, 27, 95:

animum a corpore,

id. Tusc. 1, 31, 75:

tertium genus (laudationum) a praeceptis nostris,

id. de Or. 2, 84, 341; cf.:

ipsam pronuntiationem ab oratore,

Quint. 1, 11, 17: dicendi facultatem a majore vitae laude, id. 2, 15, 2:

sua a publicis consiliis,

Liv. 4, 57:

haec a probris ac sceleribus ejus,

Suet. Ner. 19 et saep.:

cur me a ceteris clarissimis viris in hoc officio secernas,

Cic. Sull. 1, 3:

publica privatis, sacra profanis,

Hor. A. P. 397.—

To distinguish, discern:

blandum amicum a vero,

Cic. Lael. 25, 95:

non satis acute, quae sunt secernenda, distinguit,

id. Top. 7, 31:

nec natura potest justo secernere iniquum, Dividit ut bona diversis, fugienda petendis,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 113:

turpi honestum,

id. ib. 1, 6, 63.—

To set aside, reject:

cum reus frugalissimum quemque secerneret,

Cic. Att. 1, 16, 3:

minus idoneos senatores,

Suet. Vit. 2.—Hence, sēcrē-tus, a, um, P. a., severed, separated; hence, separate, apart (as an adj. not freq. till after the Aug. period; not in Cic.; syn.: sejunctus, seclusus).

In gen.:

ne ducem suum, neve secretum imperium propriave signa haberent, miscuit manipulos, etc.,

Liv. 1, 52:

electa (uva defertur) in secretam corbulam,

Varr. R. R. 1, 54, 2:

arva,

Verg. A. 6, 478; Varr. L. L. 9, § 57 Müll.—

In partic.

Of places or things pertaining to them, out of the way, retired, remote, lonely, solitary, secret (syn.:

solus, remotus, arcanus): secreta petit loca, balnea vitat,

Hor. A. P. 298:

locus (opp. celeber),

Quint. 11, 1, 47:

montes,

Ov. M. 11, 765:

silva,

id. ib. 7, 75:

litora,

id. ib. 12, 196:

pars domus (the gynaeceum),

id. ib. 2, 737; cf. in sup.:

secretissimus locus (navis),

Petr. 100, 6: vastum ubique silentium, secreti colles, solitary, i. e. abandoned, deserted by the enemy, = deserti, Tac. Agr. 38:

iter (with semita),

solitary, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 103; cf.

quies,

Mart. 7, 32, 4.—Of persons and transactions, private, secret:

invadit secretissimos tumultus,

Sen. Ep. 91, 5:

vacuis porticibus secretus agitat,

Tac. A. 11, 21:

est aliquis ex secretis studiis fructus,

private studies, Quint. 2, 18, 4; so,

studia (opp. forum),

id. 12, 6, 4:

disputationes,

id. 12, 2, 7:

contentio,

Plin. Ep. 7, 9, 4 et saep. —Hence,

Subst.: sēcrētum, i, n., retirement, solitude, secrecy; a solitude, solitary place, retreat (syn.: solitudo, secessus); sing.:

cum stilus secreto gaudeat atque omnes arbitros reformidet,

Quint. 10, 7, 16:

secreti longi causā,

Ov. H. 21, 21:

altum abditumque secretum, Phn. Ep. 2, 17, 22: dulce,

id. ib. 3, 1, 6; Quint. 10, 3, 30; 12, 5, 2; Tac. A. 4, 57; 14, 53; id. Agr. 39 fin.; Phaedr. 3, 10, 11; 4, 23, 6; Luc. 3, 314.— Plur.:

se a vulgo et scaenā in secreta removere,

Hor. S. 2, 1, 71:

horrendaeque procul secreta Sibyllae,

Verg. A. 6, 10; Ov. M. 1, 594; Tac. H. 3, 63; Quint. 1, 2, 18:

dulcis secretorum comes (eloquentia),

id. 1, 4, 5:

cameli solitudines aut secreta certe petunt,

Plin. 10, 63, 83, § 173.— Comp.:

haec pars Suevorum in secretiora Germaniae porrigitur,

into the more remote parts, Tac. G. 41. —

Absol.: in secreto, in a secret place, secretly:

tempus in secreto lbi tereret,

Liv. 26, 19, 5:

reus in secreto agebatur,

Curt. 10, 4, 29.—

That is removed from acquaintance (cf. abditus), hidden, concealed, secret:

secreta ducis pectora,

Mart. 5, 5, 4:

secretas advocat artes,

Ov. M. 7, 138:

ars,

Petr. 3:

litterae (with familiares),

Quint. 1, 1, 29:

carmina (the Sibylline odes),

Luc. 1, 599:

libidines,

Tac. A. 1, 4 fin.:

quaedam imperii pignora,

Flor. 1, 2, 3.—With ab:

nec quicquam secretum alter ab altero haberent,

Liv. 39, 10, 1.— Comp.:

libertus ex secretioribus ministeriis,

Tac. Agr. 40:

praemia (opp. publica largitio),

id. H. 1, 24:

aliud (nomen),

Quint. 1, 4, 25:

vitium stomachi,

Mart. 3, 77, 9.— Poet. for the adv. secreto:

tu (Anna) secreta pyram tecto interiore Erige,

in secret, secretly, Verg. A. 4, 494; cf.:

stridere secreta divisos aure susurros,

secretly in each one's ear, Hor. S. 2, 8, 78.—Hence,

Subst.: sēcrētum, i, n., something secret, secret conversation; a mystery, secret:

secretum petenti non nisi adhibito filio dedit,

Suet. Tib. 25 fin.; id. Calig. 23:

illuc me persecutus secretum petit,

a secret interview, Plin. Ep. 1, 5, 11:

petito secreto futura aperit,

Tac. H. 2, 4.— Piur.:

crebra cum amicis secreta habere,

Tac. A. 13, 18:

animi secreta proferuntur,

Plin. 14, 22, 28, § 141:

nulla lex jubet amicorum secreta non eloqui,

Sen. Ben. 5, 21, 1:

omnium secreta rimari,

Tac. A. 6, 3:

horribile secretum,

Petr. 21, 3; Tac. H. 1, 17 fin.; id. Agr. 25; Suet. Aug. 66:

uxor omnis secreti capacissima,

Plin. Ep. 1, 12, 7; Quint. 12, 9, 5 al.—Concr.:

lucos ac nemora consecrant deorumque nominibus appellant secretum illud, quod solā reverentiā vident,

that mysterious being, Tac. G. 9 fin.—Plur.:

introitus, aperta, secreta velut in annales referebat,

Tac. A. 4, 67; cf.:

gens non astuta aperit adhuc secreta pectoris licentia joci,

id. G. 22:

oratio animi secreta detegit,

Quint. 11, 1, 30; Tac. A. 1, 6; 4, 7 fin.; 6, 3; id. G. 19; Plin. Pan. 68, 6; Suet. Tib. 52; id. Oth. 3 et saep.—Concr.:

(Minerva) hanc legem dederat, sua ne secreta viderent,

i. e. the mysteries, Ov. M. 2, 556; 2, 749; cf.:

secretiora quaedam,

magic arts, Amm. 14, 6, 14:

in secretis ejus reperti sunt duo libelli,

among his private papers, Suet. Calig. 49.—

Pregn., separate from what is common, i. e. uncommon, rare, recondite (perh. only in the two foll. passages of Quint.):

(figurae) secretae et extra vulgarem usum positae, etc.,

Quint. 9, 3, 5: interpretatio linguae secretioris, quas Graeci glôssas vocant, i. e. of the more uncommon words, id. 1, 1, 35 (for which:

glossemata id est voces minus usitatas,

id. 1, 8, 15).—

In Lucr., of any thing separated from what belongs to it, i. e. wanting, deprived of, without something; with abl. or gen.:

nec porro secreta cibo natura animantum Propagare genus possit (corresp. to sine imbribus),

Lucr. 1, 194:

(corpora) secreta teporis Sunt ac frigoris omnino calidique vaporis (corresp. to spoliata colore),

id. 2, 843. —Hence, adv., in three forms: secreto (class.), secrete (post-class.), and secretim (late Lat. and very rare).

(Acc. to A.) Apart, by itself, separately:

de quibus (hortis) suo loco dicam secretius,

Col. 11, 2, 25. —

(Acc. to B. 2.) In secret, secretly; without witnesses; in private.

sēcrē-tō:

mirum, quid solus secum secreto ille agat,

Plaut. Am. 3, 2, 73:

secreto illum adjutabo,

id. Truc. 2, 7, 7:

secreto hoc audi,

Cic. Fam. 7, 25, 2:

nescio quid secreto velle loqui te Aiebas mecum,

Hor. S. 1, 9, 67:

secreto te huc seduxi,

Plaut. Aul. 2, 1, 14:

facere,

id. Bacch. 5, 2, 30; 5, 2, 35; Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 45, § 100; id. Att. 7, 8, 4; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 1, 4:

secreto ab aliis,

Liv. 3, 36:

secreto agere cum aliquo,

Caes. B. G. 1, 31, 1; Quint. 5, 13, 16; 9, 2, 79; Plin. Ep. 3, 20, 8; Curt. 7, 2, 13.—

sēcrētē, Tert. Or. 1 med.; id. Pall. 4 fin. —

Comp.:

secretius emittitur inflatio,

Sen. Q. N. 5, 4, 1. —

sēcrētim, Amm. 29, 1, 6.

sī (orig. and ante-class. form seī), conj. [from a pronominal stem = Gr. he; Sanscr. sva-, self; cf. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 778; Curt. Gr. Etym. 396], a conditional particle, if.

Prop.

With indic.; so in gen., in conditions which are assumed to be true, with the verb in pres. or perf.; less freq. in imperf or pluperf.; and in conditions which may probably become true, with the verb in fut. or fut. perf. (Madv. Gram. § 332; Zumpt, Gram. § 517).

Pres.: SI IN IVS VOCAT, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 20, 1, 25, and ap. Porphyr. Hor. S. 1, 9, 65: SI MORBVS AEVITASVE VITIVM ESCIT... SI NOLET, etc., id. ap. Gell. l. l.: spero, si speres quicquam prodesse potis sunt, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 333 Müll. (Ann. v. 410 Vahl.):

si vis, dabo tibi testes,

Cic. Rep. 1, 37, 58:

si voltis,

id. ib. 1, 28, 44:

si placet,

id. ib. 2, 44, 71;

1, 21, 34: si tuo commodo fleri potest,

id. ib. 1, 9, 14:

si studia Graecorum vos tanto opere delectant,

id. ib. 1, 18, 30:

si populus plurimum potest,

id. ib. 3, 14, 23:

si Massilienses per delectos cives summā justitiā reguntur, inest tamen, etc.,

id. ib. 1, 27, 43; cf. id. Off. 3, 8, 35:

quid est, Catilina, quod jam amplius exspectes, si nec privata domus continere voces conjurationis tuae potest? si illustrantur, si erumpunt omnia?

id. Cat. 1, 3, 6:

si pudor quaeritur, si probitas, si fides, Mancinus haec attulit,

id. Rep. 3, 18, 28:

Si quaerimus, cur, etc.,

id. Brut. 95, 325. —Strengthened by modo:

magnifica quidem res, si modo est ulla,

Cic. Div. 1, 1, 1:

deliget populus, si modo salvus esse vult, optimum quemque,

id. Rep. 1, 34, 51:

quae (virtus) est una, si modo est, maxime munifica,

id. ib. 3, 8, 12; id. Tusc. 2, 4, 33; id. de Or. 2, 43, 182:

si quisquam est facilis, hic est,

id. Att. 14, 1, 2:

si ulla res est, quam tibi me petente faciendam putes, haec ea sit,

id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 3, § 11:

SI AGNATVS NEC ESCIT, GENTILIS FAMILIAM NANCITOR, Fragm. XII. Tab. in Collat. Leg. Mos. et Rom. 16, 4: quae (libertas), si aequa non est, ne libertas quidem est,

Cic. Rep. 1, 31, 47; 1, 32, 49:

id si minus intellegitur, ex dissensionibus percipi potest,

id. Lael. 7, 23: BACANALIA SEI QVA SVNT, EXSTRAD QVAM SEI QVID IBEI SACRI EST... FACIATIS VTEI DISMOTA SIENT, S. C. de Bacch. fin.:

dicito, si quid vis, non nocebo,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 235:

si qui sunt, qui philosophorum auctoritate moveantur,

Cic. Rep. 1, 7, 12:

si quid generis istiusmodi me delectat, pictura delectat,

id. Fam. 7, 23, 3:

si aliquid dandum est voluptati,

id. Sen. 13, 44;

four times repeated,

id. ib. 11, 38.—So esp. after mirum est or miror, as expressing reality (= quod or cum; cf. Gr. ei):

noli mirari, si hoc non impetras,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 11, § 29:

ecquid mirum est, si tam ab amico animo pacem petit? Curt 4, 11, 4: miraris, si superbiam tuam ferre non possumus?

id. 8, 7, 14.—

With a negative conclusion, to denote that, although the condition is true, or is conceded, a certain inference does not follow: nec, si omne enuntiatum aut verum aut falsum est, sequitur ilico esse causas, etc.,

Cic. Fat. 12, 28:

nec. si non obstatur, propterea etiam permittitur,

id. Phil. 13, 6, 19:

si veniam meretur qui inprudens nocuit, non meretur praemium qui inprudens profuit,

Quint. 5, 10, 73:

nec ideo ignis minus urere potest, si in materiam incidit inviolabilem flammis,

Sen. Ben. 5, 5, 1.—

Imperf.:

ea si erant, magnas habebas omnibus, dis gratias,

Plaut. As. 1, 2, 17; Cic. Rep. 1, 27, 43:

si quis antea mirabatur, quid esset, quod, etc.,

id. Sest. 1.—

Perf.:

SI MEMBRVM RVPIT NI CVM EO PACIT TALIO ESTO, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Fest. s. v. talio, p. 363 Müll.: si animum contulisti in istam rationem, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 1, 23, 37:

si Roma condita est secundo anno Olympiadis septimae, etc.,

id. ib. 2, 10, 18:

quos (tyrannos) si boni oppresserunt, recreatur civitas: sin audaces, fit illa factio,

id. ib. 1, 44, 68; cf. id. ib. 1, 42, 65:

si ita sensit, ut loquitur,

id. ib. 3, 21, 32;

1, 27, 43: si modo hoc in Lycurgi potestate potuit esse,

id. ib. 2, 12, 24:

si modo in philosophiā aliquid profecimus,

id. Off. 3, 8, 37: si quis eorum [p. 1689] (servorum) sub centone crepuit, nullum mihi vitium facit, Cato ap. Fest. s. v. prohibere, p. 234 sq. Müll.:

si quid sceleste fecit,

Plaut. As. 2, 2, 27:

si quam opinionem jam vestris mentibus comprehendistis, etc.,

Cic. Clu. 2, 6:

si quando regi justo vim populus attulit regnove eum spoliavit, etc.,

id. Rep. 1, 42, 65; cf. id. ib. 1, 38, 59; id. Lael. 7, 24.—After mirum est or miror, to express a reality (cf. a, supra):

minime mirum, si ista res adhuc nostrā linguā inlustrata non est,

Cic. de Or. 2, 13, 55; id. Deiot. 4, 12:

quid mirum, si haec invitus amisi?

Tac. A. 12, 37:

miraris, si eo tempore matrona dicere potuit, escende?

Sen. Contr. 2, 13, 1:

minime est mirandum, si vita ejus fuit secura,

Nep. Cim. 4, 4.—Very often followed by certe, profecto, etc., to express a conclusion, as certain as the unquestionable assumption:

quod si fuit in re publicā tempus ullum, cum, etc., tum profecto fuit,

Cic. Brut. 2, 7:

si quisquam fuit umquam remotus ab inani laude, ego profecto is sum,

id. Fam. 15, 4, 13:

etenim si nulla fuit umquam tam imbecillo mulier animo, quae, etc., certe nos, etc.,

id. Fam. 5, 16, 6:

si umquam in dicendo fuimus aliquid, tum profecto, etc.,

id. Att. 4, 2, 2; id. Mil. 2, 4; 7, 19.—Esp. with a negative conclusion (v. a fin. supra, and cf. quia, etsi):

non, si tibi ante profuit, semper proderit,

Cic. Phil. 8, 4, 12:

non, si Opimium defendisti, idcirco te isti bonum civem putabunt,

id. de Or. 2, 40, 170:

neque enim, si tuae res gestae ceterorum laudibus obscuritatem attulerunt, idcirco Pompeii memoriam amisimus,

id. Deiot. 4, 12:

nec, si capitis dolorem facit, inutilis hominibus sol est,

Quint. 5, 10, 82.—

Pluperf.: si improbum Cresphontem existimaveras, etc., Enn. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 24, 38:

nec mirum, eos si orationes turbaverant,

Liv. 32, 20, 2 (Trag. v. 156 Vahl.):

si hoc ita fato datum erat, ut,

Liv. 30, 30, 3.—So esp. in indef. clauses of repeated action:

plausum si quis eorum aliquando acceperat, ne quid peccasset pertimescebat,

whenever, Cic. Sest. 49, 105:

si quando nostri navem religaverant, hostes succurrebant,

Caes. B. C. 2, 6:

si quando suis fortunis forte desperare coeperant,

id. B. G. 3, 12.—

Fut.: SI VOLET SVO VIVITO... SI VOLET PLVS DATO, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 20, 1, 45; cf.: si voles advortere animum, comiter monstrabitur, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 89 Müll. (Trag. v. 386 Vahl.); and:

alte spectare si voles, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 6, 23, 25:

si jam eminebit foras,

id. ib. 6, 26, 29:

si me audietis,

id. ib. 1, 19, 32:

si mutuas non potero certum est sumam fenore,

Plaut. As. 1, 3, 95:

id persequar, si potero, subtilius,

Cic. Rep. 2, 23, 42; cf. in the foll. z:

nihil (offendet) si modo opus exstabit,

id. ib. 5, 3, 5:

si quid te volam, ubi eris?

Plaut. As. 1, 1, 96: si quod aliud oikeion reperies, Cic. Att. 1, 10, 3.—

Fut. perf.: si te hic offendero, moriere, Enn. ap. Cic. Att. 7, 26, 1 (Trag. v. 301 Vahl.):

si nostram rem publicam vobis et nascentem et crescentem ostendero,

Cic. Rep. 2, 1, 3:

tum magis assentiere, si ad majora pervenero,

id. ib. 1, 40, 62:

expediri quae restant vix poterunt, si hoc incohatum reliqueris,

id. ib. 1, 35, 55;

1, 24, 38: pergratum mihi feceris, si de amicitiā disputaris,

id. Lael. 4, 16:

accommodabo ad eam (rem publicam), si potuero, omnem illam orationem, etc.... quod si tenere et consequi potuero, etc.,

id. Rep. 1, 46, 70; so,

si potuero,

id. ib. 2, 30, 53; id. Brut. 5, 21:

si potuerit,

id. Off. 3, 23, 89:

si modo id exprimere Latine potuero,

id. Rep. 1, 43, 66:

si modo interpretari potuero,

id. Leg. 2, 18, 45:

si ne ei caput exoculassitis,

Plaut. Rud. 3, 4, 26: si quid vos per laborem recte feceritis... Sed si quā per voluptatem nequiter feceritis, etc., Cato ap. Gell. 16, 1, 4:

de iis te, si qui me forte locus admonuerit, commonebo,

Cic. de Or. 3, 12, 47.—

With subj.; so in gen. of conditions assumed in statement, but implied not to be actual; the verb in pres. (rarely perf.) implies that the condition is still possible; in the imperf. and pluperf., that it is known to be unreal (Madv. Gram. § 347 sqq.; Zumpt, Gram. § 524).

Pres.:

si habeat aurum,

Plaut. Bacch. 1, 1, 12:

abire hinc nullo pacto possim, si velim,

id. ib. 2, 2, 2; so,

si velim,

Cic. Rep. 3, 10, 17:

cum ipsi auxilium ferre, si cupiant, non queant,

id. ib. 1, 5, 9:

si singulos numeremus,

id. ib. 3, 4, 7: si jus suum populi teneant, id. ib. 1, 32, 48:

si Scipionis desiderio me moveri negem,

id. Lael. 3, 10:

si ad verba rem deflectere velimus,

id. Caecin. 18, 51:

si quis varias gentes despicere possit, videat primum, etc.,

id. Rep. 3, 9, 14.—In expressing a wish ( poet. for utinam), usu. with O:

O si angulus ille accedat, qui, etc.,

Hor. S. 2, 6, 8; 2, 6, 10:

O mihi praeteritos referat si Juppiter annos,

Verg. A. 8, 560;

also alone: si nunc se nobis ille aureus arbore ramus Ostendat nemore in tanto!

would that, yet if, if however, id. ib. 6, 187:

si quā fata aspera rumpas, Tu Marcellus eris,

id. ib. 6, 882; cf. b, infra.—

Imperf.:

qui si unus omnia consequi posset, nihil opus esset pluribus, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 1, 34, 52:

quae descriptio si esset ignota vobis, explicaretur a me,

id. ib. 2, 22, 39:

si ullum probarem simplex rei publicae genus,

id. ib. 2, 23, 43:

quod non fecissent profecto, si nihil ad eos pertinere arbitrarentur,

id. Lael. 4, 13; cf. id. Verr. 2, 5, 51, § 133; v. Zumpt, Gram. § 525: SEI QVES ESENT, QVEI SIBEI DEICERENT, S. C. de Bacch (twice). —Also with O, expressing a wish ( poet.):

O si solitae quicquam virtutis adesset,

Verg. A. 11, 415;

and without O: si mihi, quae quondam fuerat... si nunc foret illa juventus,

id. ib. 5, 398.—

Perf.: SI INIVRIAM FAXIT ALTERI, VIGINTI QVINQVE AERIS POENAE SVNTO, Fragm. XII. Tabularum ap. Gell. 20, 1, 12: si jam data sit frux, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 724 P. (Ann. v. 412 Vahl.):

perii, si me aspexerit!

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 164:

victus sum, si dixeris,

id. ib. 1, 1, 272:

Romani si casu intervenerint,

Caes. B. G. 7, 20, Cic. Rep. 3, 5, 8.—

Pluperf.:

si aliter accidisset,

Cic. Rep. 1, 4, 7:

tum magis id diceres, si nuper in hortis Scipionis affuisses,

id. Lael. 7, 25:

mansisset eadem voluntas in eorum posteris, si regum similitudo permansisset,

id. Rep. 1, 41, 64:

si id fecisses,

id. Phil. 2, 2, 3; 2, 15, 38; 2, 36, 90:

si quis in caelum ascendisset, etc.,

id. Lael. 23, 88:

si aliquid de summā gravitate Pompeius remisisset,

id. Phil. 13, 1, 2.—

Ellipt.

With pron. indef:

istae artes, si modo aliquid, valent, ut acuant ingenia,

Cic. Rep. 1, 18, 30:

aut nemo, aut, si quisquam, ille sapiens fuit,

id. Lael. 2, 9; id. Or. 29, 103.—

In a negation, usu. si minus, si contra (= sin minus, sin aliter):

plures haec tulit una civitas, si minus sapientes, at certe summā laude dignos,

Cic. Rep. 3, 4, 7:

educ tecum omnes tuos: si minus, quam plurimos,

id. Cat. 1, 5, 10; id. de Or. 2, 16, 68, in this sense less freq. si non:

utrum cetera nomina digesta habes an non? Si non... si etiam,

id. Rosc. Com. 3, 9:

si haec civitas est, civem esse me: si non, exsulem esse, etc.,

id. Fam. 7, 3, 5; Plaut. Rud. 4, 3, 104 sq.; id. Ps. 3, 2, 87; id. Poen. 5, 2, 24; Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 66; 1, 6, 68; Liv. 28, 29, 4:

hic venit in judicium, si nihil aliud, saltem ut, etc.,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 58, § 152; so, si nihil aliud, Liv 22, 29; 30, 35; 45, 37 fin., Curt. 4, 6, 28:

si aliud nihil,

id. 2, 43.—

With forte:

intelleges esse nihil a me nisi orationis acerbitatem et, si forte, raro litterarum missarum indiligentiam reprehensam,

perhaps, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 2, § 7; cf.:

vereor, ne nihil sim tui, nisi supplosionem pedis imitatus et pauca quaedam verba et aliquem, si forte, motum,

id. de Or. 3, 12, 47.—

With quod, and if, but if, if however, if:

quod si in philosophiā tantum interest... quid tandem in causis existimandum est?

Cic. Or. 16, 51:

quod si fuit in re publicā tempus ullum... tum profecto fuit,

id. Brut. 2, 7:

quod si exemeris ex rerum naturā benevolentiae conjunctionem, nec domus ulla nec urbs stare poterit,

id. Lael. 7, 23; id. Rep. 3, 4, 7:

quod si non hic tantus fructus ostenderetur et si ex his studiis delectatio sola peteretur: tamen, etc.,

id. Arch. 7, 16; id. Cat. 2, 5, 10; id. Rosc. Com. 18, 54.—

In partic.

In subject or object-clauses, si with subj. sometimes takes the place of an inf.:

apud Graecos opprobrio fuit adulescentibus, si amatores non haberent,

Cic. Rep. 4, 3, 3: summa gloria constat ex tribus his;

si diligit multitudo, si fidem habet, etc.,

id. Off. 2, 9, 31:

unam esse spem salutis docent, si eruptione factā extremum auxilium experirentur,

Caes. B. G. 3, 5:

illud ignoscere aequum erit, si... ne tuam quidem gloriam praeponam, etc.,

Liv. 28, 41, 1; Nep. Ages. 4, 3: infinitum est, si singulos velim persequi. Sen. Q. N. 5, 17, 5; id. Tranq. 16, 2 (cf. si after mirum est, I. a. fin. supra).—

In subst. clauses, to denote a doubtful assumption or future event (cf. quod):

dixerunt, in eo verti puellae salutem, si postero die vindex injuriae ad tempus praesto esset,

Liv. 3, 46:

adjecerunt, Scipionem in eo positam habuisse spem pacis, si Hannibal et Mago ex Italiā non revocarentur,

id. 30, 23; 35, 18.—

Si with a relative takes the place of a relative clause, to express a class the existence or extent of which is doubtful: mortem proposuit, non eis solum qui illam rem gesserunt, sed eis etiam si qui non moleste tulerunt, i. e. if such there were, whether few or many, Cic. Phil. 13, 18, 39; id. Verr. 2, 1, 4, § 9:

dixit errare, si qui in bello omnis secundos rerum proventus expectent,

Caes. B. G. 7, 29:

errat, si quis existimat facilem rem esse donare,

Sen. Vit. Beat. 24, 1; Cic. Off. 2, 13, 44; Liv. 42, 31.—

In syllogistic reasonings:

si oportet velle sapere, dare operam philosophiae convenit. Oportet autem velle sapere, etc.,

Cic. Inv. 1, 36, 65:

si enim est verum, quod ita conectitur: si quis oriente Caniculā natus est, in mari non morietur, illud quoque verum est: si Fabius oriente Canicula natus est, Fabius in mari non morietur,

id. Fat. 6, 12.—

= etiamsi, with foll. tamen, even if, although, albeit (class.):

quae si exsequi nequirem, tamen, etc.,

Cic. Sen. 11, 38; cf.:

quae si causa non esset, tamen, etc.,

id. Mur. 4, 8; and:

quae si dubia essent, tamen, etc.,

Sall. J. 85, 48.—

Transf., in dependent clauses expressing an interrogation or doubt, it is nearly = num, but forms a looser connection, if, whether, if perchance (class., but very rare in Cic.):

ibo et visam huc ad eum, si forte est domi,

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 5, 4; Ter. Eun. 3, 4, 7; id. Heaut. 1, 1, 118; cf. id. Phorm. 3, 3, 20:

jam sciam, si quid titubatum est, ubi reliquias videro,

Plaut. Men. 1, 2, 33; cf. id. Merc. 1, 2, 44:

fatis incerta feror, si Juppiter unam Esse velit urbem,

Verg. A. 4, 110; Plaut. Mil. 4, 8, 52:

primum ab iis quaesivit, si aquam hominibus in totidem dies, quot frumentum imposuissent,

Liv. 29, 25; 39, 50:

id modo quaeritur, si (lex) majori parti et in summam prodest,

id. 34, 3; cf. id. 40, 49 fin.:

jam dudum exspecto, si tuom officium scias,

Plaut. Poen. prol. 12:

hanc (paludem) si nostri transirent, hostes exspectabant,

Caes. B. G. 2, 9; id. B. C. 2, 34; cf.:

Pompeius eadem spectans, si itinere impeditos deprehendere posset,

id. ib. 3, 75:

non recusavit quo minus vel extremo spiritu, si quam opem rei publicae ferre posset, experiretur,

Cic. Phil. 9, 1, 2; cf. id. de Or. 2, 85, 398:

statui expectandum esse si quid certius adferretur,

id. Fam. 15, 1, 2:

Philopoemen quaesivit si Lycortas incolumis evasisset,

Liv. 39, 50:

expertique simul, si tela artusque sequantur,

Val. Fl. 5, 562:

Helvetii nonnumquam interdiu, saepius noctu, si perrumpere possent, conati,

Caes. B. G. 1, 8 fin.; cf.:

temptata res est, si primo impetu capi Ardea posset,

Liv. 1, 57.—

With ellipsis of a verb or clause on which the condition depends (cf. I. c. supra): ei rei suam operam dat, si possiet illam invenire ( to see) whether he can, Plaut. Cist. 1, 3, 37:

L. Minucium cum omni equitatu praemittit, si quid celeritate itineris proficere possit,

to see, to try, Caes. B. G. 6, 29 fin.:

circumfunduntur hostes, si quem aditum reperire possent,

id. ib. 6, 37:

fame et inopiā adductos clam ex castris exisse, si quid frumenti in agris reperire possent,

id. ib. 7, 20, 10; cf. id. ib. 7, 55 fin.; 7, 89 fin.; id. B. C. 3, 8 fin.; 3, 56:

pergit ad speluncam, si forte eo vestigia ferrent,

Liv. 1, 7:

saxa volvebant, si quā Possent tectam aciem perrumpere,

Verg. A. 9, 512:

ad Gonnum castra movet, si potiri oppido posset,

Liv. 42, 67, 6: haud aspernatus Tullius, tamen, si vana adferantur, in aciem educit ( that he might be ready) if, etc., id. 1, 23, 6:

milites in praesidio erant, si quo operā eorum opus esset,

id. 27, 28, 5:

alii offerunt se, si quo usus operae sit,

id. 26, 9, 9: ille postea, si comitia sua non fierent, urbi minari, i. e. ( that he would attack it) if, etc., Cic. Att. 4, 3, 3:

Carthaginiensibus in Hasdrubale ita, si is movisset Syphacem, spes omnis erat,

Liv. 29, 35, 9; 5, 8, 9:

consul aedem Fortunae vovit, si eo die hostis fudisset,

id. 29, 36, 8: erat Athenis reo damnato, si fraus capitalis non esset, quasi [p. 1690] poenae aestimatio, Cic. de Or. 1, 54, 232: quattuor legiones Cornelio, si qui ex Etruriā novi motus nuntiarentur, relictae, to meet the case, that, to be ready, if, etc., Liv. 6, 22:

is in armis tenuit militem, si opus foret auxilio,

id. 5, 8:

ut patricios indignatio, si cum his gerendus esset honos, deterreret,

id. 4, 6, 10; 1, 40, 2; 24, 36.—

Si... si, for sive... sive, whether... or:

si deus si dea es,

Cato, R. R. 139; cf.:

hostiam si deo, si deae immolabant,

Gell. 2, 28, 3.

sē-pōno, pŏsŭi, pŏsĭtum, 3 ( part. perf. sync. sepostus, Sil. 8, 378; 17, 281; but, sepositus, Hor. S. 2, 6, 84), v. a., to lay apart or aside; to put by, separate, pick out, select, etc. (class.; not in Cæs.; syn.: sejungo, segrego, recondo).

Lit.

In gen.:

seponi et occultari,

Cic. Att. 11, 24, 2; cf.:

aliquid habere sepositum et reconditum,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 10, § 23; so (with conditus) id. Div. 2, 54, 112; cf.:

ornamenta seposita (for which, just before, recondita),

id. de Or. 1, 35, 162:

id ego ad illud fanum (sc. ornandum) sepositum putabam,

id. Att. 15, 15, 3:

captivam pecuniam in aedificationem templi,

Liv. 1, 53, 3:

primitias magno Jovi,

Ov. F. 3, 730:

nonnullos ex principibus legit ac seposuit ad pompam,

Suet. Calig. 47:

se et pecuniam et frumentum in decem annos seposuisse,

Liv. 42, 52, 12:

sors aliquem seponit ac servat, qui cum victore contendat,

Plin. Ep. 8, 14, 21:

interesse pugnae imperatorem an seponi melius foret, dubitavere,

to place himself at a distance, withdraw, Tac. H. 2, 33:

de mille sagittis Unam seposuit,

picked out, selected, Ov. M. 5, 381.—

In partic., to send into banishment, to banish, exile (post-Aug.; cf.

relego): aliquem a domo,

Tac. A. 3, 12:

aliquem in provinciam specie legationis,

id. H. 1, 13 fin.:

aliquem in secretum Asiae,

id. ib. 1, 10:

in insulam,

id. ib. 1, 46 fin.; 1, 88; 2, 63; id. A. 4, 44; Suet. Aug. 65; id. Tib. 15; id. Oth. 3; id. Tit. 9.—

Trop., to lay or set aside mentally:

id quod primum se obtulerit,

Quint. 7, 1, 27.—

To set apart, assign, appropriate, reserve, for any purpose, etc.:

ut alius aliam sibi partem, in quā elaboraret, seponeret,

Cic. de Or. 3, 33, 132:

sibi ad eam rem tempus,

to fix, id. Or. 42, 143; cf.:

quod temporis hortorum aut villarum curae seponitur,

Tac. A. 14, 54:

materiam senectuti seposui,

have set apart, reserved for my old age, id. H. 1, 1:

seposuit Aegyptum,

he sequestered Egypt, made it forbidden ground, id. A. 2, 59 fin.:

sepositus servilibus poenis locus,

id. ib. 15, 60:

quā de re sepositus est nobis locus,

made it a special division of the subject, Quint. 1, 10, 26.—

To remove, take away from others, exclude, select, etc.: Jovem diffusum nectare curas Seposuisse graves, had laid aside, i. e. had discarded for a while, Ov. M. 3, 319:

(Graecos) seposuisse a ceteris dictionibus eam partem dicendi, quae, etc.,

to have separated, Cic. de Or. 1, 6, 22:

ratio suadendi ab honesti quaestione seposita est,

Quint. 12, 2, 16.— Poet. with simple abl.: si modo Scimus inurbanum lepido seponere dicto, to separate, i. e. distinguish, Hor. A. P. 273.—Hence, sē-pŏsĭtus, a, um, P. a. (only poet. and rare).

Distant, remote, = remotus:

fons,

Prop. 1, 20, 24:

gens,

Mart. Spect. 3, 1:

mare,

Sen. Med. 339.—

Distinct, special:

mea seposita est et ab omni milite dissors Gloria,

Ov. Am. 2, 12, 11.—

Select, choice:

vestis,

sumptuous garments, Tib. 2, 5, 8:

seposito de grege,

Mart. 2, 43, 4.

sī (orig. and ante-class. form seī), conj. [from a pronominal stem = Gr. he; Sanscr. sva-, self; cf. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 778; Curt. Gr. Etym. 396], a conditional particle, if.

Prop.

With indic.; so in gen., in conditions which are assumed to be true, with the verb in pres. or perf.; less freq. in imperf or pluperf.; and in conditions which may probably become true, with the verb in fut. or fut. perf. (Madv. Gram. § 332; Zumpt, Gram. § 517).

Pres.: SI IN IVS VOCAT, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 20, 1, 25, and ap. Porphyr. Hor. S. 1, 9, 65: SI MORBVS AEVITASVE VITIVM ESCIT... SI NOLET, etc., id. ap. Gell. l. l.: spero, si speres quicquam prodesse potis sunt, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 333 Müll. (Ann. v. 410 Vahl.):

si vis, dabo tibi testes,

Cic. Rep. 1, 37, 58:

si voltis,

id. ib. 1, 28, 44:

si placet,

id. ib. 2, 44, 71;

1, 21, 34: si tuo commodo fleri potest,

id. ib. 1, 9, 14:

si studia Graecorum vos tanto opere delectant,

id. ib. 1, 18, 30:

si populus plurimum potest,

id. ib. 3, 14, 23:

si Massilienses per delectos cives summā justitiā reguntur, inest tamen, etc.,

id. ib. 1, 27, 43; cf. id. Off. 3, 8, 35:

quid est, Catilina, quod jam amplius exspectes, si nec privata domus continere voces conjurationis tuae potest? si illustrantur, si erumpunt omnia?

id. Cat. 1, 3, 6:

si pudor quaeritur, si probitas, si fides, Mancinus haec attulit,

id. Rep. 3, 18, 28:

Si quaerimus, cur, etc.,

id. Brut. 95, 325. —Strengthened by modo:

magnifica quidem res, si modo est ulla,

Cic. Div. 1, 1, 1:

deliget populus, si modo salvus esse vult, optimum quemque,

id. Rep. 1, 34, 51:

quae (virtus) est una, si modo est, maxime munifica,

id. ib. 3, 8, 12; id. Tusc. 2, 4, 33; id. de Or. 2, 43, 182:

si quisquam est facilis, hic est,

id. Att. 14, 1, 2:

si ulla res est, quam tibi me petente faciendam putes, haec ea sit,

id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 3, § 11:

SI AGNATVS NEC ESCIT, GENTILIS FAMILIAM NANCITOR, Fragm. XII. Tab. in Collat. Leg. Mos. et Rom. 16, 4: quae (libertas), si aequa non est, ne libertas quidem est,

Cic. Rep. 1, 31, 47; 1, 32, 49:

id si minus intellegitur, ex dissensionibus percipi potest,

id. Lael. 7, 23: BACANALIA SEI QVA SVNT, EXSTRAD QVAM SEI QVID IBEI SACRI EST... FACIATIS VTEI DISMOTA SIENT, S. C. de Bacch. fin.:

dicito, si quid vis, non nocebo,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 235:

si qui sunt, qui philosophorum auctoritate moveantur,

Cic. Rep. 1, 7, 12:

si quid generis istiusmodi me delectat, pictura delectat,

id. Fam. 7, 23, 3:

si aliquid dandum est voluptati,

id. Sen. 13, 44;

four times repeated,

id. ib. 11, 38.—So esp. after mirum est or miror, as expressing reality (= quod or cum; cf. Gr. ei):

noli mirari, si hoc non impetras,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 11, § 29:

ecquid mirum est, si tam ab amico animo pacem petit? Curt 4, 11, 4: miraris, si superbiam tuam ferre non possumus?

id. 8, 7, 14.—

With a negative conclusion, to denote that, although the condition is true, or is conceded, a certain inference does not follow: nec, si omne enuntiatum aut verum aut falsum est, sequitur ilico esse causas, etc.,

Cic. Fat. 12, 28:

nec. si non obstatur, propterea etiam permittitur,

id. Phil. 13, 6, 19:

si veniam meretur qui inprudens nocuit, non meretur praemium qui inprudens profuit,

Quint. 5, 10, 73:

nec ideo ignis minus urere potest, si in materiam incidit inviolabilem flammis,

Sen. Ben. 5, 5, 1.—

Imperf.:

ea si erant, magnas habebas omnibus, dis gratias,

Plaut. As. 1, 2, 17; Cic. Rep. 1, 27, 43:

si quis antea mirabatur, quid esset, quod, etc.,

id. Sest. 1.—

Perf.:

SI MEMBRVM RVPIT NI CVM EO PACIT TALIO ESTO, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Fest. s. v. talio, p. 363 Müll.: si animum contulisti in istam rationem, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 1, 23, 37:

si Roma condita est secundo anno Olympiadis septimae, etc.,

id. ib. 2, 10, 18:

quos (tyrannos) si boni oppresserunt, recreatur civitas: sin audaces, fit illa factio,

id. ib. 1, 44, 68; cf. id. ib. 1, 42, 65:

si ita sensit, ut loquitur,

id. ib. 3, 21, 32;

1, 27, 43: si modo hoc in Lycurgi potestate potuit esse,

id. ib. 2, 12, 24:

si modo in philosophiā aliquid profecimus,

id. Off. 3, 8, 37: si quis eorum [p. 1689] (servorum) sub centone crepuit, nullum mihi vitium facit, Cato ap. Fest. s. v. prohibere, p. 234 sq. Müll.:

si quid sceleste fecit,

Plaut. As. 2, 2, 27:

si quam opinionem jam vestris mentibus comprehendistis, etc.,

Cic. Clu. 2, 6:

si quando regi justo vim populus attulit regnove eum spoliavit, etc.,

id. Rep. 1, 42, 65; cf. id. ib. 1, 38, 59; id. Lael. 7, 24.—After mirum est or miror, to express a reality (cf. a, supra):

minime mirum, si ista res adhuc nostrā linguā inlustrata non est,

Cic. de Or. 2, 13, 55; id. Deiot. 4, 12:

quid mirum, si haec invitus amisi?

Tac. A. 12, 37:

miraris, si eo tempore matrona dicere potuit, escende?

Sen. Contr. 2, 13, 1:

minime est mirandum, si vita ejus fuit secura,

Nep. Cim. 4, 4.—Very often followed by certe, profecto, etc., to express a conclusion, as certain as the unquestionable assumption:

quod si fuit in re publicā tempus ullum, cum, etc., tum profecto fuit,

Cic. Brut. 2, 7:

si quisquam fuit umquam remotus ab inani laude, ego profecto is sum,

id. Fam. 15, 4, 13:

etenim si nulla fuit umquam tam imbecillo mulier animo, quae, etc., certe nos, etc.,

id. Fam. 5, 16, 6:

si umquam in dicendo fuimus aliquid, tum profecto, etc.,

id. Att. 4, 2, 2; id. Mil. 2, 4; 7, 19.—Esp. with a negative conclusion (v. a fin. supra, and cf. quia, etsi):

non, si tibi ante profuit, semper proderit,

Cic. Phil. 8, 4, 12:

non, si Opimium defendisti, idcirco te isti bonum civem putabunt,

id. de Or. 2, 40, 170:

neque enim, si tuae res gestae ceterorum laudibus obscuritatem attulerunt, idcirco Pompeii memoriam amisimus,

id. Deiot. 4, 12:

nec, si capitis dolorem facit, inutilis hominibus sol est,

Quint. 5, 10, 82.—

Pluperf.: si improbum Cresphontem existimaveras, etc., Enn. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 24, 38:

nec mirum, eos si orationes turbaverant,

Liv. 32, 20, 2 (Trag. v. 156 Vahl.):

si hoc ita fato datum erat, ut,

Liv. 30, 30, 3.—So esp. in indef. clauses of repeated action:

plausum si quis eorum aliquando acceperat, ne quid peccasset pertimescebat,

whenever, Cic. Sest. 49, 105:

si quando nostri navem religaverant, hostes succurrebant,

Caes. B. C. 2, 6:

si quando suis fortunis forte desperare coeperant,

id. B. G. 3, 12.—

Fut.: SI VOLET SVO VIVITO... SI VOLET PLVS DATO, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 20, 1, 45; cf.: si voles advortere animum, comiter monstrabitur, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 89 Müll. (Trag. v. 386 Vahl.); and:

alte spectare si voles, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 6, 23, 25:

si jam eminebit foras,

id. ib. 6, 26, 29:

si me audietis,

id. ib. 1, 19, 32:

si mutuas non potero certum est sumam fenore,

Plaut. As. 1, 3, 95:

id persequar, si potero, subtilius,

Cic. Rep. 2, 23, 42; cf. in the foll. z:

nihil (offendet) si modo opus exstabit,

id. ib. 5, 3, 5:

si quid te volam, ubi eris?

Plaut. As. 1, 1, 96: si quod aliud oikeion reperies, Cic. Att. 1, 10, 3.—

Fut. perf.: si te hic offendero, moriere, Enn. ap. Cic. Att. 7, 26, 1 (Trag. v. 301 Vahl.):

si nostram rem publicam vobis et nascentem et crescentem ostendero,

Cic. Rep. 2, 1, 3:

tum magis assentiere, si ad majora pervenero,

id. ib. 1, 40, 62:

expediri quae restant vix poterunt, si hoc incohatum reliqueris,

id. ib. 1, 35, 55;

1, 24, 38: pergratum mihi feceris, si de amicitiā disputaris,

id. Lael. 4, 16:

accommodabo ad eam (rem publicam), si potuero, omnem illam orationem, etc.... quod si tenere et consequi potuero, etc.,

id. Rep. 1, 46, 70; so,

si potuero,

id. ib. 2, 30, 53; id. Brut. 5, 21:

si potuerit,

id. Off. 3, 23, 89:

si modo id exprimere Latine potuero,

id. Rep. 1, 43, 66:

si modo interpretari potuero,

id. Leg. 2, 18, 45:

si ne ei caput exoculassitis,

Plaut. Rud. 3, 4, 26: si quid vos per laborem recte feceritis... Sed si quā per voluptatem nequiter feceritis, etc., Cato ap. Gell. 16, 1, 4:

de iis te, si qui me forte locus admonuerit, commonebo,

Cic. de Or. 3, 12, 47.—

With subj.; so in gen. of conditions assumed in statement, but implied not to be actual; the verb in pres. (rarely perf.) implies that the condition is still possible; in the imperf. and pluperf., that it is known to be unreal (Madv. Gram. § 347 sqq.; Zumpt, Gram. § 524).

Pres.:

si habeat aurum,

Plaut. Bacch. 1, 1, 12:

abire hinc nullo pacto possim, si velim,

id. ib. 2, 2, 2; so,

si velim,

Cic. Rep. 3, 10, 17:

cum ipsi auxilium ferre, si cupiant, non queant,

id. ib. 1, 5, 9:

si singulos numeremus,

id. ib. 3, 4, 7: si jus suum populi teneant, id. ib. 1, 32, 48:

si Scipionis desiderio me moveri negem,

id. Lael. 3, 10:

si ad verba rem deflectere velimus,

id. Caecin. 18, 51:

si quis varias gentes despicere possit, videat primum, etc.,

id. Rep. 3, 9, 14.—In expressing a wish ( poet. for utinam), usu. with O:

O si angulus ille accedat, qui, etc.,

Hor. S. 2, 6, 8; 2, 6, 10:

O mihi praeteritos referat si Juppiter annos,

Verg. A. 8, 560;

also alone: si nunc se nobis ille aureus arbore ramus Ostendat nemore in tanto!

would that, yet if, if however, id. ib. 6, 187:

si quā fata aspera rumpas, Tu Marcellus eris,

id. ib. 6, 882; cf. b, infra.—

Imperf.:

qui si unus omnia consequi posset, nihil opus esset pluribus, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 1, 34, 52:

quae descriptio si esset ignota vobis, explicaretur a me,

id. ib. 2, 22, 39:

si ullum probarem simplex rei publicae genus,

id. ib. 2, 23, 43:

quod non fecissent profecto, si nihil ad eos pertinere arbitrarentur,

id. Lael. 4, 13; cf. id. Verr. 2, 5, 51, § 133; v. Zumpt, Gram. § 525: SEI QVES ESENT, QVEI SIBEI DEICERENT, S. C. de Bacch (twice). —Also with O, expressing a wish ( poet.):

O si solitae quicquam virtutis adesset,

Verg. A. 11, 415;

and without O: si mihi, quae quondam fuerat... si nunc foret illa juventus,

id. ib. 5, 398.—

Perf.: SI INIVRIAM FAXIT ALTERI, VIGINTI QVINQVE AERIS POENAE SVNTO, Fragm. XII. Tabularum ap. Gell. 20, 1, 12: si jam data sit frux, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 724 P. (Ann. v. 412 Vahl.):

perii, si me aspexerit!

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 164:

victus sum, si dixeris,

id. ib. 1, 1, 272:

Romani si casu intervenerint,

Caes. B. G. 7, 20, Cic. Rep. 3, 5, 8.—

Pluperf.:

si aliter accidisset,

Cic. Rep. 1, 4, 7:

tum magis id diceres, si nuper in hortis Scipionis affuisses,

id. Lael. 7, 25:

mansisset eadem voluntas in eorum posteris, si regum similitudo permansisset,

id. Rep. 1, 41, 64:

si id fecisses,

id. Phil. 2, 2, 3; 2, 15, 38; 2, 36, 90:

si quis in caelum ascendisset, etc.,

id. Lael. 23, 88:

si aliquid de summā gravitate Pompeius remisisset,

id. Phil. 13, 1, 2.—

Ellipt.

With pron. indef:

istae artes, si modo aliquid, valent, ut acuant ingenia,

Cic. Rep. 1, 18, 30:

aut nemo, aut, si quisquam, ille sapiens fuit,

id. Lael. 2, 9; id. Or. 29, 103.—

In a negation, usu. si minus, si contra (= sin minus, sin aliter):

plures haec tulit una civitas, si minus sapientes, at certe summā laude dignos,

Cic. Rep. 3, 4, 7:

educ tecum omnes tuos: si minus, quam plurimos,

id. Cat. 1, 5, 10; id. de Or. 2, 16, 68, in this sense less freq. si non:

utrum cetera nomina digesta habes an non? Si non... si etiam,

id. Rosc. Com. 3, 9:

si haec civitas est, civem esse me: si non, exsulem esse, etc.,

id. Fam. 7, 3, 5; Plaut. Rud. 4, 3, 104 sq.; id. Ps. 3, 2, 87; id. Poen. 5, 2, 24; Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 66; 1, 6, 68; Liv. 28, 29, 4:

hic venit in judicium, si nihil aliud, saltem ut, etc.,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 58, § 152; so, si nihil aliud, Liv 22, 29; 30, 35; 45, 37 fin., Curt. 4, 6, 28:

si aliud nihil,

id. 2, 43.—

With forte:

intelleges esse nihil a me nisi orationis acerbitatem et, si forte, raro litterarum missarum indiligentiam reprehensam,

perhaps, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 2, § 7; cf.:

vereor, ne nihil sim tui, nisi supplosionem pedis imitatus et pauca quaedam verba et aliquem, si forte, motum,

id. de Or. 3, 12, 47.—

With quod, and if, but if, if however, if:

quod si in philosophiā tantum interest... quid tandem in causis existimandum est?

Cic. Or. 16, 51:

quod si fuit in re publicā tempus ullum... tum profecto fuit,

id. Brut. 2, 7:

quod si exemeris ex rerum naturā benevolentiae conjunctionem, nec domus ulla nec urbs stare poterit,

id. Lael. 7, 23; id. Rep. 3, 4, 7:

quod si non hic tantus fructus ostenderetur et si ex his studiis delectatio sola peteretur: tamen, etc.,

id. Arch. 7, 16; id. Cat. 2, 5, 10; id. Rosc. Com. 18, 54.—

In partic.

In subject or object-clauses, si with subj. sometimes takes the place of an inf.:

apud Graecos opprobrio fuit adulescentibus, si amatores non haberent,

Cic. Rep. 4, 3, 3: summa gloria constat ex tribus his;

si diligit multitudo, si fidem habet, etc.,

id. Off. 2, 9, 31:

unam esse spem salutis docent, si eruptione factā extremum auxilium experirentur,

Caes. B. G. 3, 5:

illud ignoscere aequum erit, si... ne tuam quidem gloriam praeponam, etc.,

Liv. 28, 41, 1; Nep. Ages. 4, 3: infinitum est, si singulos velim persequi. Sen. Q. N. 5, 17, 5; id. Tranq. 16, 2 (cf. si after mirum est, I. a. fin. supra).—

In subst. clauses, to denote a doubtful assumption or future event (cf. quod):

dixerunt, in eo verti puellae salutem, si postero die vindex injuriae ad tempus praesto esset,

Liv. 3, 46:

adjecerunt, Scipionem in eo positam habuisse spem pacis, si Hannibal et Mago ex Italiā non revocarentur,

id. 30, 23; 35, 18.—

Si with a relative takes the place of a relative clause, to express a class the existence or extent of which is doubtful: mortem proposuit, non eis solum qui illam rem gesserunt, sed eis etiam si qui non moleste tulerunt, i. e. if such there were, whether few or many, Cic. Phil. 13, 18, 39; id. Verr. 2, 1, 4, § 9:

dixit errare, si qui in bello omnis secundos rerum proventus expectent,

Caes. B. G. 7, 29:

errat, si quis existimat facilem rem esse donare,

Sen. Vit. Beat. 24, 1; Cic. Off. 2, 13, 44; Liv. 42, 31.—

In syllogistic reasonings:

si oportet velle sapere, dare operam philosophiae convenit. Oportet autem velle sapere, etc.,

Cic. Inv. 1, 36, 65:

si enim est verum, quod ita conectitur: si quis oriente Caniculā natus est, in mari non morietur, illud quoque verum est: si Fabius oriente Canicula natus est, Fabius in mari non morietur,

id. Fat. 6, 12.—

= etiamsi, with foll. tamen, even if, although, albeit (class.):

quae si exsequi nequirem, tamen, etc.,

Cic. Sen. 11, 38; cf.:

quae si causa non esset, tamen, etc.,

id. Mur. 4, 8; and:

quae si dubia essent, tamen, etc.,

Sall. J. 85, 48.—

Transf., in dependent clauses expressing an interrogation or doubt, it is nearly = num, but forms a looser connection, if, whether, if perchance (class., but very rare in Cic.):

ibo et visam huc ad eum, si forte est domi,

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 5, 4; Ter. Eun. 3, 4, 7; id. Heaut. 1, 1, 118; cf. id. Phorm. 3, 3, 20:

jam sciam, si quid titubatum est, ubi reliquias videro,

Plaut. Men. 1, 2, 33; cf. id. Merc. 1, 2, 44:

fatis incerta feror, si Juppiter unam Esse velit urbem,

Verg. A. 4, 110; Plaut. Mil. 4, 8, 52:

primum ab iis quaesivit, si aquam hominibus in totidem dies, quot frumentum imposuissent,

Liv. 29, 25; 39, 50:

id modo quaeritur, si (lex) majori parti et in summam prodest,

id. 34, 3; cf. id. 40, 49 fin.:

jam dudum exspecto, si tuom officium scias,

Plaut. Poen. prol. 12:

hanc (paludem) si nostri transirent, hostes exspectabant,

Caes. B. G. 2, 9; id. B. C. 2, 34; cf.:

Pompeius eadem spectans, si itinere impeditos deprehendere posset,

id. ib. 3, 75:

non recusavit quo minus vel extremo spiritu, si quam opem rei publicae ferre posset, experiretur,

Cic. Phil. 9, 1, 2; cf. id. de Or. 2, 85, 398:

statui expectandum esse si quid certius adferretur,

id. Fam. 15, 1, 2:

Philopoemen quaesivit si Lycortas incolumis evasisset,

Liv. 39, 50:

expertique simul, si tela artusque sequantur,

Val. Fl. 5, 562:

Helvetii nonnumquam interdiu, saepius noctu, si perrumpere possent, conati,

Caes. B. G. 1, 8 fin.; cf.:

temptata res est, si primo impetu capi Ardea posset,

Liv. 1, 57.—

With ellipsis of a verb or clause on which the condition depends (cf. I. c. supra): ei rei suam operam dat, si possiet illam invenire ( to see) whether he can, Plaut. Cist. 1, 3, 37:

L. Minucium cum omni equitatu praemittit, si quid celeritate itineris proficere possit,

to see, to try, Caes. B. G. 6, 29 fin.:

circumfunduntur hostes, si quem aditum reperire possent,

id. ib. 6, 37:

fame et inopiā adductos clam ex castris exisse, si quid frumenti in agris reperire possent,

id. ib. 7, 20, 10; cf. id. ib. 7, 55 fin.; 7, 89 fin.; id. B. C. 3, 8 fin.; 3, 56:

pergit ad speluncam, si forte eo vestigia ferrent,

Liv. 1, 7:

saxa volvebant, si quā Possent tectam aciem perrumpere,

Verg. A. 9, 512:

ad Gonnum castra movet, si potiri oppido posset,

Liv. 42, 67, 6: haud aspernatus Tullius, tamen, si vana adferantur, in aciem educit ( that he might be ready) if, etc., id. 1, 23, 6:

milites in praesidio erant, si quo operā eorum opus esset,

id. 27, 28, 5:

alii offerunt se, si quo usus operae sit,

id. 26, 9, 9: ille postea, si comitia sua non fierent, urbi minari, i. e. ( that he would attack it) if, etc., Cic. Att. 4, 3, 3:

Carthaginiensibus in Hasdrubale ita, si is movisset Syphacem, spes omnis erat,

Liv. 29, 35, 9; 5, 8, 9:

consul aedem Fortunae vovit, si eo die hostis fudisset,

id. 29, 36, 8: erat Athenis reo damnato, si fraus capitalis non esset, quasi [p. 1690] poenae aestimatio, Cic. de Or. 1, 54, 232: quattuor legiones Cornelio, si qui ex Etruriā novi motus nuntiarentur, relictae, to meet the case, that, to be ready, if, etc., Liv. 6, 22:

is in armis tenuit militem, si opus foret auxilio,

id. 5, 8:

ut patricios indignatio, si cum his gerendus esset honos, deterreret,

id. 4, 6, 10; 1, 40, 2; 24, 36.—

Si... si, for sive... sive, whether... or:

si deus si dea es,

Cato, R. R. 139; cf.:

hostiam si deo, si deae immolabant,

Gell. 2, 28, 3.

sīc-ut and (far less. freq. but class.) sīc-ŭti, adv., so as, just as, as.

Lit.

With a separate clause.

Form sicut:

sicut dixi, faciam,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 59:

clanculum, sicut praecepi,

id. ib. 3, 3, 76:

nempe sicut dicis (shortly after: ita ut dicis),

id. Aul. 2, 4, 15; so,

sicut dicis,

id. Bacch. 4, 4, 67; id. Men. prol. 74:

hae sunt, sicut praedico,

id. Most. 3, 2, 84; cf. id. Bacch. 3, 6, 20:

stultitia magna est, Hominem amatorem ad forum procedere, etc.... sicut ego feci stultus,

id. Cas. 3, 3, 4:

si ille huc redibit, sicut confido affore,

id. Capt. 3, 5, 38:

sic ut tu huic potes,

id. ib. 5, 1, 16:

primum Montem Sacrum, sicut erat in simili causā antea factum, deinde Aventinum (occupasse),

Cic. Rep. 2, 37, 63; 6, 18, 19:

sicut ait Ennius,

id. ib. 1, 41, 64; cf.:

sicut sapiens poëta dixit,

id. Par. 5, 1, 34:

ut se quoque, sicut socios, dignos existimetis,

id. Imp. Pomp. 5, 13:

valeant preces apud te meae, sicut pro te hodie valuerunt,

Liv. 23, 8:

consules turpissimi, sicut hi recentes rerum exitus declararunt,

Cic. Planc. 35, 86:

sicut summarum summa est aeterna,

Lucr. 5, 361:

sicut Cicero dicit,

Quint. 9, 3, 83:

sicut ostendimus,

id. 11, 3, 174 al. —

Form sicuti:

sicuti dixi prius,

Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 67:

habuit ille, sicuti meminisse vos arbitror, permulta signa,

Cic. Cael. 5, 12:

sicuti me quoque erroris mei paenitet,

id. ib. 6, 14:

urbem Romam, sicuti ego accepi, condidere atque habuere initio Trojani,

Sall. C. 6, 1:

sicuti dignum erat,

Quint. 11, 3, 148.—

Corresp. to ita, itidem, sic.

Form sicut:

sicut tuom vis gnatum tuae Superesse vitae, Ita te obtestor, etc.,

Plaut. As. 1, 1, 1: sicut verbis nuncupavi, ita pro republicā Quiritium... legiones mecum Dis Manibus devoveo, an old formula in Liv. 8, 9:

sicut coronatus laureā coronā oraculum adisset, ita, etc.,

id. 23, 11; 21, 13; Quint. 1, 2, 26; 9, 1, 8; 9, 3, 100;

10, 1, 1: sicut medico diligenti natura corporis cognoscenda est, sic equidem, etc.,

Cic. de Or. 2, 44, 186:

sicut magno accidit casu, ut, etc.... sic magnae fuit fortunae, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 6, 30:

sicuti merci pretium statuit... Itidem divos dispertisse vitam humanam aequom fuit,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 131.—

Form sicuti:

sicuti... ita,

Caes. B. C. 3, 15; cf. infra, B. b.—

Without a separate verb (so most freq.).

Form sicut:

sicut fortunatorum memorant insulas (is est ager),

Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 148:

sicut familiae,

id. Men. prol. 74; id. Cas. 2, 6, 46: te esse sapientem, nec sicut vulgus, sed ut eruditi solent appellare sapientem, Cic. Lael. 2, 6:

Graeciae, sicut apud nos, delubra magnifica,

id. Rep. 3, 9, 14:

non debent esse amicitiarum sicut aliarum rerum satietates,

id. Lael. 19, 67:

ut tuo judicio uteretur, sicut in rebus omnibus,

id. Ep. ad Brut. 1, 5, 3; id. Tusc. 1, 17, 40:

provinciam suam hanc esse Galliam, sicut illam nostram,

Caes. B. G. 1, 44; 6, 19:

nihil me, sicut antea, juvat Scribere versiculos,

Hor. Epod. 11, 1 et saep.:

hunc, sicut omni vitā, tum petentem premebat nobilitas,

Liv. 39, 41; 34, 9, 10:

nec sicut vulnere sanguis,

Luc. 3, 638 Drak. N. cr. —

Form sicuti:

me amicissime cottidie magis Caesar amplectitur: familiares quidem ejus, sicuti neminem,

Cic. Fam. 6, 6, 13: sicuti te, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 174, 33.—

Corresp. to ita, item, sic, etc. (cf. supra, A. b.):

praecipuum lumen sicut eloquentiae, ita praeceptis quoque ejus, dedit M. Tullius,

Quint. 3, 1, 20; so id. 8, prooem. § 29; 9, 1, 18;

10, 1, 14: sicut in foro non bonos oratores, item in theatro actores malos perpeti,

Cic. de Or. 1, 26, 118:

illi, sicut Campani Capuam, sic Rhegium habituri perpetuam sedem erant,

Liv. 28, 28:

sicut in vitā, in causis quoque,

Quint. 12, 1, 13; cf. Liv. 9, 17 Drak. N. cr. —

In partic.

With an accessory idea of cause, inasmuch as, since (perh. only in the two foll. passages):

nunc occasio'st faciundi, prius quam in urbem advenerit, sicut cras hic aderit, hodie non venerit,

Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 87:

quo lubet, sicut soror Ejus huc gemina advenit Ephesum,

id. Mil. 4, 1, 28 Brix ad loc.; cf. id. Pers. 1, 3, 57.—

Pregn.: sicut est, erat, etc., in confirmation of a former proposition, as indeed it is ( was), as it really is ( was), as is ( was) the fact (class.;

a favorite expression with Cic.): sint nobis isti, qui de ratione vivendi disserunt, magni homines, ut sunt,

Cic. Rep. 3, 3, 4:

huc accedit, quod, quamvis ille felix sit, sicut est, tamen, etc.,

id. Rosc. Am. 8, 22:

sit ista res magna, sicut est,

id. Leg. 1, 5, 17; Liv. 7, 35:

sit licet, sicut est, ab omni ambitione longe remotus,

Plin. Ep. 5, 15, 2:

illa, quamvis ridicula essent, sicut erant, mihi tamen risum non moverunt,

Cic. Fam. 7, 32, 3:

secundam eam Paulus, sicut erat, victoriam ratus,

Liv. 45, 7:

poteratque viri vox illa videri, sicuti erat,

Ov. M. 12, 205:

quamvis scelerati illi fuissent, sicuti fuerunt, pestiferi cives tamen, etc.,

Cic. de Or. 1, 53, 230.—Less freq. with other verbs:

quamvis enim multis locis dicat Epicurus, sicut dicit, satis fortiter de dolore, tamen, etc.,

Cic. Off. 3, 33, 117 Beier:

quamquam in consuetudine cottidianā perspexisses, sicuti perspicies,

id. Fam. 3, 10, 2:

quod fore, sicut accidit, videbat,

Caes. B. G. 5, 58:

terrendi magis hostes erant quam fallendi, sicut territi sunt,

Liv. 25, 24.— Strengthened by re verā:

apud nos, re verā sicut sunt, mercenarii scribae existimantur,

Nep. Eum. 1, 5.—

For introducing a term of comparison, as it were, like, as, as if, = tamquam (class.):

ut sese splendore animi et vitae suae sicut speculum praebeat civibus,

Cic. Rep. 2, 42, 69:

qui, sicut unus paterfamilias, loquor,

id. Inv. 2, 5, 19:

quod me sicut alterum parentem et observat et diligit,

id. Fam. 5, 8, 4:

(natura) rationem in capite sicut in arce posuit,

id. Tusc. 1, 10, 20; id. de Or. 1, 29, 132:

ex his duabus diversis sicuti familiis unum quoddam est conflatum genus,

id. Inv. 2, 3, 8:

ab ejus (cornus) summo, sicut palmae, rami quam late diffunduntur,

Caes. B. G. 6, 26 fin.:

multi mortales vitam sicut peregrinantes transegere,

Sall. C. 2, 8; 31, 5; 38, 3; id. J. 60, 4; Liv. 7, 11.—

For introducing an example, as, as for instance, etc. (class.):

quibus in causis omnibus, sicut in ipsā M.' Curii... fuit summa de jure dissensio,

Cic. de Or. 1, 56, 238; Nep. Dat. 9:

omnibus periculis, sicut cum Spartam oppugnavit,

id. Pel. 4: sicuti cum, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 154, 27: sicuti si, Enn. ap. Gell. 3, 14, 5 (Ann. v. 344 Vahl.); Quint. 9, 3, 89; so id. 9, 3, 16; 9, 3, 91; 7, 2, 17; 8, 3, 51; Suet. Aug. 56; 85 al.—

Sicut eram, erat, etc., like the Gr. hôs eichon, to denote an unchanged condition of the subject in a new state of action, just as I ( he, etc.) was ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

sicut eram, fugio sine vestibus,

Ov. M. 5, 601; 6, 657:

sicut erat, rectos defert in Tartara currus,

Stat. Th. 7, 820; so, sicut erat, id. ib. 3, 680; 4, 803; 10, 37; Luc. 2, 365:

ille, sicut nudatus erat, pervenit ad Graecos,

Curt. 9, 7, 10; 10, 4, 2:

sicut erat togatus,

Suet. Claud. 34; Just. 14, 4, 1; 26, 2, 4 al.:

sicut erant,

Ov. M. 3, 178; Suet. Calig. 45; id. Oth. 8:

sicut erit,

Tib. 3, 1, 18.—Less freq. with another verb:

sicut curru eminebat, oculos circumferens,

Curt. 4, 14, 9:

praecipitatum in flumen, sicut vestitus advenerat,

Suet. Claud. 9.—Form sicuti:

sicuti erat, cruentā veste, in castra pervenit,

Curt. 8, 3, 10 —

A few times in Sallust with an accessory hypothetical signif., as if, just as if, = quasi:

alii sicuti populi jura defenderent, pars, etc.,

Sall. C. 38, 3:

sicuti jurgio lacessitus foret, in Senatum venit,

id. ib. 31, 5:

sicuti audiri a suis aut cerni possent, etc.,

id. J. 60, 4:

sicuti salutatum introire ad Ciceronem,

id. C. 28, 1.—

Of time, as soon as, after (very rare):

sicut adulescit, terram inde colligimus,

Pall. Apr. 2, 3.

sub-dūco, xi, ctum, 3 ( perf. sync. subduxti, Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 25; inf. subduxe, Poët. ap. Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 6), v. a., to draw from under or from below.

Without the idea of removal.

In gen., to draw or pull up; to lift up, raise (rare):

brassicam ad nasum admoveto: ita subducito susum animam, quam plurimum poteris,

Cato, R. R. 157, 15:

aliquid sursum,

Plaut. Aul. 2, 7, 4:

cataractam funibus,

Liv. 27, 28, 10: subductis (tunicis) usque ad inguen, pulled up (opp. demissis), Hor. S. 1, 2, 26: supercilia, Turp. ap. Non. 399, 30; Varr. ib. 399, 33; Sen. Ep. 48, 5; id. Ben. 1, 1, 6 al.; cf.:

subducto voltu,

Prop. 2, 10 (3, 1), 9.—

In partic., naut. t. t., to draw or haul up on land (a ship out of the water;

class. and freq.): navim in pulvinarium,

Plaut. Cas. 3, 2, 27:

longas naves in aridum,

Caes. B. G. 4, 29:

navis subducta in terrā,

Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 50:

naves regiae in campo Martio subductae sunt,

Liv. 45, 42:

ab classe, quae Corcyrae subducta erat,

id. 31, 22:

classis, quae subducta esset ad Gytheum,

Cic. Off. 3, 11, 49; so,

naves,

Caes. B. G. 5, 11; id. B. C. 2, 23; 3, 23 fin.; Liv. 27, 17, 6; 37, 10; 42, 27:

classem,

id. 45, 2 al.; Vulg. Luc. 5, 11.—

With the idea of removal implied, to draw away from among; to take away, lead away, carry off; to withdraw, remove, etc. (class.; syn. subtraho).

In gen.:

ubi bullabit vinum, ignem subducito,

Cato, R. R. 105, 1:

lapides ex turri,

Caes. B. C. 2, 11:

rerum fundamenta,

Cic. Fin. 4, 15, 42:

conjux fidum capiti subduxerat ensem,

Verg. A. 6, 524:

subduc cibum unum diem athletae,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 17, 40:

et sucus pecori et lac subducitur agnis,

Verg. E. 3, 6:

pugnae Turnum,

id. A. 10, 615;

so,

id. ib. 10, 50:

aliquem manibus Graium,

id. ib. 10, 81:

aliquem praesenti periculo,

Vell. 2, 72, 5:

se pedibus (terra),

Lucr. 1, 1106:

se ab ipso Vulnere (fera),

Ov. M. 7, 781 et saep. —

Esp.

To purge, evacuate:

quoniam is cibus subduceret sensim alvum,

Gell. 4, 11, 4; so,

alvum,

Cels. 3, 4.—

Vela celeriter, to take in, furl, Auct. B. Alex. 45, 3:

rem de judicio,

Dig. 10, 2, 14.—

Milit. t. t., to draw off forces from one position to another (class.):

cohortes aliquot subductas ex dextro cornu post aciem circumducit,

Liv. 27, 48:

Numidas ex mediā acie,

id. 22, 48:

triarios ex postremā acie,

id. 44, 37:

subductis ordinibus,

id. 36, 18; cf. id. 40, 30:

ab his centuriones omnes lectos et evocatos... in primam aciem subducit,

Sall. C. 59, 3:

copias in proximum collem subducit,

Caes. B. G. 1, 24; 1, 22:

milites pleno gradu in collem,

Sall. J. 98, 4:

agmen in aequiorem locum,

Liv. 7, 34.—

With the idea of stealth or secrecy.

To take away secretly or by stealth, to steal, hide: Atreus quam (pecudem auream) sibi Thyestem subduxe queritur, Poët. ap. Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 6:

alicui anulum,

Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 81:

subducta viatica plorat,

Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 54:

post ignem aethereā domo Subductum,

id. C. 1, 3, 30:

nec mihi rivalis subducit certos amores,

Prop. 1, 8, 45:

saccularii partem subducunt, partem subtrahunt,

Dig. 47, 11, 7:

obsides furto,

Liv. 9, 11:

cubiculum subductum omnibus ventis,

secured against, Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 10.—

Esp., with se, me, etc., to take one's self away by stealth, withdraw, steal away:

tempus est subducere hinc me,

Plaut. As. 5, 2, 62:

clam te subduxti mihi,

Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 25:

de circulo se subduxit,

Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 4, 1:

modo se subducere ab ipso Vulnere visa fera est,

Ov. M. 7, 781:

se clam,

Nep. Alcib. 4, 4;

Auct. B. Afr. 93, 1: at nos quaerimus illa (verba), tamquam lateant semper seseque subducant,

Quint. 8, prooem. § 21.— Poet.:

neve terra se pedibus subducat,

Lucr. 1, 1106:

quā se subducere colles Incipiunt,

i. e. to slope down gradually, Verg. E. 9, 7; cf.

mid.: fons subducitur,

i. e. loses itself, Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 39.—

Trop.

Rationem, to draw up, cast up, reckon, compute, calculate, or balance an account (by subtracting one set of items from another; class.;

esp. freq. in Cic.): subduxi ratiunculam, Quantum aeris mihi sit, quantumque alieni siet,

Plaut. Curc. 3, 1; cf.:

intus subducam ratiunculam, quantillum argenti mi siet,

id. Capt. 1, 2, 89:

subducamus summam,

Cic. Att. 5, 21, 11; cf.:

assidunt, subducunt: ad numum convenit,

id. ib. 5, 21, 12.—

In gen.: rationem, to deliberate, calculate:

rationibus subductis summam feci cogitationum mearum,

Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 10:

Medea et Atreus... initā subductāque ratione nefaria scelera meditantes,

id. N. D. 3, 29, 71; cf.: ineundis subducendisque rationibus, id. Fragm. ap. Non. 399, 16;

for which also, calculis subductis,

id. Fin. 2, 19, 60:

bene subductā ratione,

Ter. Ad. 5, 4, 1:

hoc quid intersit, si tuos digitos novi, certe habes subductum,

Cic. Att. 5, 21, 31. —Hence, subductus, a, um, P. a.

(Acc. to I. A.) Raised, elevated, upturned: quod vituperones suos subducti supercilii carptores appellavit (Laevius), Gell. 19, 7, 16.—

(Acc. to II. A. 1.) Withdrawn, removed, remote, = remotus (post-Aug. and very rare):

terra subductior,

Mart. Cap. 6, § 591.

taeda ( tēda), ae ( gen. taedaï, Lucr. 6, 897), f. [etym. dub.; cf. taedet], a resinous species of pine-tree, the pitch-pine tree (syn. fax): Pinus combra, Linn.

Lit., Plin. 16, 10, 19, § 44; 16, 11, 21, § 52; 37, 3, 11, § 43;

35, 6, 25, § 41: ceu flamma per taedas equitavit,

Hor. C. 4, 4, 43. —

Transf.

Resinous fir or pine wood, pitch-pine:

cupas taedā ac pice refertas incendunt,

Caes. B. C. 2, 11; 3, 101:

pyrā erectā taedis atque ilice sectā,

Verg. A. 4, 505:

schedias taedā comburere,

Vitr. 7, 10.—

A pitchpine torch, a torch: circumstant cum ardentibus taedis, Enn. ap. Cic. Ac. 2, 28, 89 (Trag. v. 51 Vahl.); cf.:

taedae ardentes Furiarum,

Cic. Pis. 20, 46; id. Rosc. Am. 24, 67:

Ceres dicitur inflammasse taedas eis ignibus, etc.,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 48, § 106; cf. Ov. F. 4, 494:

accensis currere taedis,

Prop. 2, 32, 9:

taedas Hymenaeus Amorque Praecutiunt,

Ov. M. 4, 758; so of a nuptial torch, id. H. 4, 121; Verg. A. 4, 18 al.; hence, poet., a wedding, marriage, id. ib. 4, 339; 7, 388; 9, 76; Ov. M. 9, 721; 9, 768; 4, 326; 14, 677;

15, 826: copulari taedis,

Sen. Herc. Fur. 493:

jungere taedas,

Stat. S. 3, 4, 53:

teque mihi taeda pudica dedit,

Ov. H. 6, 134:

sacra conubia fallere taedae,

Mart. 6, 2, 1; and for love, in gen., Prop. 1, 8, 21: taedaeque ad funera versae, torches reversed, in sign of mourning, Sil. 2, 184; 13, 547.—As an instrument of torture:

verbera, carnifices, robur, pix, lamina, taedae,

Lucr. 3, 1017; Juv. 1, 155. —

A pine board, a sawn plank:

dolato confisus ligno, digitis a morte remotus Quattuor, aut septem, si sit latissima taeda,

Juv. 12, 59. —

A small piece of pork or fat, used for religious purposes, Arn. 7, 230.