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princeps

  • 1 prīnceps

        prīnceps cipis, adj.    [primus+CAP-], first in order, foremost: se principes ex omnibus bellum facturos pollicentur, Cs.: in fugā postremus, in periculo princeps: princeps Horatius ibat, in front, L.: principes pecuniae pollicendae fuerunt, took the lead in: princeps in haec verba iurat, Cs.: ut principes talem nuntium attulisse viderentur, might be the first, Cs.: matri Qui dederit princeps oscula, O.: Princeps ante omnīs agebat Agmen, first of all, V.: qualitatum aliae sunt principes, original: addere principi Limo particulam, H.— The first, chief, most eminent, most noble: longe omnium gravitate princeps Plato: terrarum populus, L.— Prov.: Principibus placuisse viris non ultima laus est, H.—As subst m., the first man, first person: senatūs, first on the roll, S.: principes sententiarum consulares, who were first asked for their opinion, L.— The first, chief, leader, foremost man: in re p. principes esse: iuventutis, one of the noblest of the Roman knights: trecenti principes iuventutis Romanae, i. e. patrician youths, L.: (pueri) aequalium principes, first among their fellows. —A chief, head, author, founder, originator, leader, contriver: Zeno eorum (Stoicorum): Argonautarum, i. e. Jason: principes inferendi belli, Cs.: sententiae in senatu: eius consili principes, Cs.: equitum, at the head of, Iu.: familiae suae, founder, L.— A prince, ruler, sovereign, emperor: hic ames dici pater atque princeps, H.: principis uxor, Iu.—In the army, plur., orig., the foremost line ; hence, the heavy-armed, second line of soldiers ; cf. totidem princeps habebat Corpora (poet. for principes), O.— A company of the principes: primi principis signum, of the first company of the heavyarmed, L.: octavum principem duxit, was centurion of the eighth maniple.—A centurion of the principes: princeps prior, first captain of the principes, Cs.: tertiae legionis, L.— The office of centurion of the principes, captaincy of the principes: mihi primus princeps prioris centuriae est adsignatus, i. e. centurion of the first century of the first maniple, L.
    * * *
    I
    (gen.), principis ADJ
    first, foremost, leading, chief, front; earliest, original; most necessary
    II
    leader/chief, first/leading member/citizen/man; master/expert; founder/proposer; Princeps (non-military title of Roman Emperor); senior Senator; leader of pack

    Latin-English dictionary > prīnceps

  • 2 Princeps

    1.
    princeps, cĭpis, adj. and subst. comm. [primus-capio], first in time or order (syn. primus).— Lit., in gen.:

    ut quisque in fugā postremus, ita periculo princeps erat,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 34, § 90:

    princeps in proelium ibat, ultimus conserto proelio excedebat,

    Liv. 21, 4:

    princeps Horatius ibat,

    first, in front, in advance, id. 1, 26 Weissenb. ad [p. 1445] loc.:

    princeps fuit ad conatum exercitus comparandi,

    Cic. Phil. 10, 11, 24:

    Firmani principes pecuniae pollicendae fuerunt,

    were the first to promise, id. ib. 7, 8, 23:

    princeps in agendo,

    id. Div. in Caecil. 15, 47; Caes. B. G. 7, 2:

    omnium nationum exterarum princeps Sicilia se ad amicitiam populi Romani applicuit,

    was the first that entered into friendship with the Roman people, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 1, § 2:

    princeps et solus bellum his indixit,

    Nep. Thras. 1, 5:

    princeps in haec verba jurat,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 76:

    ut principes talem nuntium attulisse viderentur,

    to be the first, id. ib. 1, 53:

    qui Formiarum moenia dicitur Princeps tenuisse,

    Hor. C. 3, 17, 7:

    matri Qui dederit princeps oscula,

    Ov. F. 2, 714:

    princeps turmas inducit Asilas,

    Verg. A. 11, 620:

    princeps ante omnes,

    first of all, id. ib. 5, 833.—Of things:

    quoniam exordium princeps omnium esse debet,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 7, 19:

    qualitatum aliae sunt principes, aliae ex lis ortae,

    original, id. Ac. 1, 7, 26:

    mensis Romani anni,

    Col. 11, 2, 3:

    addere principi Limo particulam,

    Hor. C. 1, 16, 13:

    dies imperii princeps, vitae supremus,

    Tac. A. 1, 9.—
    B.
    The first, chief, the most eminent, distinguished, or noble (syn. primores):

    longe omnium gravitate princeps Plato,

    Cic. Or. 19, 62:

    Eudoxus in astrologiā facile princeps,

    id. Div. 2, 42, 87:

    quaedam principes feminae,

    certain noble ladies, Plin. 8, 32, 50, § 119:

    principe loco genitus,

    id. 37, 2, 11, § 40.—Prov.:

    principibus placuisse viris non ultima laus est,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 35. —Rarely of things:

    gemma princeps Sardonychus,

    Juv. 13, 138.—
    II. B.
    Esp., the first, chief, principal, most distinguished person:

    quales in re publicā principes essent, talis reliquos solere esse civis,

    Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 12:

    juventutis,

    one of the noblest of the Roman knights, id. Vatin. 10, 24: trecenti conjuravimus principes juventutis Romanae, i. e. high-born or patrician youths, Liv. 2, 12, 15 (= proceres juventutis, id. 10, 28, 7); 42, 61, 5.—In the time of the emperors this was also a title of honor given to the prince, the heir to the empire, Tac. A. 1, 3:

    sacerdotum,

    the high-priest, Vulg. Act. 4, 6. —
    C.
    A chief, head, author, originator, leader, contriver, etc.:

    princeps atque architectus sceleris,

    Cic. Clu. 22, 60:

    Zeno eorum (Stoicorum) princeps non tam rerum inventor fuit, quam verborum novorum,

    id. Fin. 3, 2, 5:

    princeps Argonautarum,

    i. e. Jason, id. Tusc. 4, 32, 69:

    principes consilii publici, i. e. senatus,

    id. Sest. 45, 97:

    conjurationis,

    id. Cat. 1, 11, 27:

    eorum omnium hic dux est atque princeps,

    id. Har. Resp. 26, 57:

    regendae civitatis dux et sententiae princeps in senatu,

    id. de Or. 3, 17, 63:

    (pueri) aequalium principes,

    first among their playfellows, id. Fin. 5, 22, 61:

    gregis,

    i. e. of players, Suet. Calig. 58:

    principes sententiarum consulares,

    who were first asked for their opinion, Liv. 8, 21:

    hujus consilii principes,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 14:

    belli inferendi,

    first in commencing hostilities, id. ib. 5, 52:

    jam princeps equitum,

    at the head of, Juv. 4, 32.—Of ancestors:

    hinc Dardanus ortus Iasiusque pater, genus a quo principe nostrum,

    Verg. A. 3, 168 (cf., in this sense, principium, Sil. 15, 748; v. principium, II. B. 2.).—
    D.
    A chief, superior, director (ante- and post-class.):

    principes, qui utrique rei praeponuntur,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 2; Lampr. Alex. Sev. 32.—
    E.
    A prince, i. e. a ruler, sovereign, emperor ( poet. and post-Aug.):

    hic ames dici pater atque princeps,

    Hor. C. 1, 2, 50; Ov. P. 1, 2, 123; Tac. A. 1, 1:

    quae non faciet quod principis uxor,

    Juv. 6, 617; 8, 224.—
    F.
    In milit. lang.: princĭpes, um, m., the second line of soldiers, between the hastati and triarii, Liv. 8, 8; 22, 5; 30, 8; 37, 39; cf. Varr. L. L. 5, § 89; Veg. Mil. 1, 20; 2, 15; cf. Ov. F. 3, 129; and Becker, Antiq. 3, 2, p. 249 sq.; p. 269 sq.—Princeps also signifies,
    1.
    A company or division of the principes: signum primi principis, of the first company of the principes, Liv. 26, 6, 1:

    octavum principem duxit,

    was centurion of the eighth maniple, Cic. ad Brut. 1, 8, 2.—
    2.
    A centurion or captain of the principes: princeps prior, the first captain of the principes, Caes. B. C. 3, 64 fin.:

    princeps tertiae legionis,

    Liv. 25, 14; cf. id. 42, 34.—
    3.
    The office of centurion of the principes, the centurionship or captaincy of the principes: mihi primus princeps prioris centuriae est adsignatus, the first captaincy of the principes, Liv. 42, 34, 8.— Comp.:

    omnium priorum principum principiorem, si dici fas est,

    Cassiod. Hist. Eccl. 1, 1.
    2.
    Princeps, cĭpis, m., a celebrated flute-player, Phaedr. 5, 7, 4.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Princeps

  • 3 princeps

    1.
    princeps, cĭpis, adj. and subst. comm. [primus-capio], first in time or order (syn. primus).— Lit., in gen.:

    ut quisque in fugā postremus, ita periculo princeps erat,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 34, § 90:

    princeps in proelium ibat, ultimus conserto proelio excedebat,

    Liv. 21, 4:

    princeps Horatius ibat,

    first, in front, in advance, id. 1, 26 Weissenb. ad [p. 1445] loc.:

    princeps fuit ad conatum exercitus comparandi,

    Cic. Phil. 10, 11, 24:

    Firmani principes pecuniae pollicendae fuerunt,

    were the first to promise, id. ib. 7, 8, 23:

    princeps in agendo,

    id. Div. in Caecil. 15, 47; Caes. B. G. 7, 2:

    omnium nationum exterarum princeps Sicilia se ad amicitiam populi Romani applicuit,

    was the first that entered into friendship with the Roman people, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 1, § 2:

    princeps et solus bellum his indixit,

    Nep. Thras. 1, 5:

    princeps in haec verba jurat,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 76:

    ut principes talem nuntium attulisse viderentur,

    to be the first, id. ib. 1, 53:

    qui Formiarum moenia dicitur Princeps tenuisse,

    Hor. C. 3, 17, 7:

    matri Qui dederit princeps oscula,

    Ov. F. 2, 714:

    princeps turmas inducit Asilas,

    Verg. A. 11, 620:

    princeps ante omnes,

    first of all, id. ib. 5, 833.—Of things:

    quoniam exordium princeps omnium esse debet,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 7, 19:

    qualitatum aliae sunt principes, aliae ex lis ortae,

    original, id. Ac. 1, 7, 26:

    mensis Romani anni,

    Col. 11, 2, 3:

    addere principi Limo particulam,

    Hor. C. 1, 16, 13:

    dies imperii princeps, vitae supremus,

    Tac. A. 1, 9.—
    B.
    The first, chief, the most eminent, distinguished, or noble (syn. primores):

    longe omnium gravitate princeps Plato,

    Cic. Or. 19, 62:

    Eudoxus in astrologiā facile princeps,

    id. Div. 2, 42, 87:

    quaedam principes feminae,

    certain noble ladies, Plin. 8, 32, 50, § 119:

    principe loco genitus,

    id. 37, 2, 11, § 40.—Prov.:

    principibus placuisse viris non ultima laus est,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 35. —Rarely of things:

    gemma princeps Sardonychus,

    Juv. 13, 138.—
    II. B.
    Esp., the first, chief, principal, most distinguished person:

    quales in re publicā principes essent, talis reliquos solere esse civis,

    Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 12:

    juventutis,

    one of the noblest of the Roman knights, id. Vatin. 10, 24: trecenti conjuravimus principes juventutis Romanae, i. e. high-born or patrician youths, Liv. 2, 12, 15 (= proceres juventutis, id. 10, 28, 7); 42, 61, 5.—In the time of the emperors this was also a title of honor given to the prince, the heir to the empire, Tac. A. 1, 3:

    sacerdotum,

    the high-priest, Vulg. Act. 4, 6. —
    C.
    A chief, head, author, originator, leader, contriver, etc.:

    princeps atque architectus sceleris,

    Cic. Clu. 22, 60:

    Zeno eorum (Stoicorum) princeps non tam rerum inventor fuit, quam verborum novorum,

    id. Fin. 3, 2, 5:

    princeps Argonautarum,

    i. e. Jason, id. Tusc. 4, 32, 69:

    principes consilii publici, i. e. senatus,

    id. Sest. 45, 97:

    conjurationis,

    id. Cat. 1, 11, 27:

    eorum omnium hic dux est atque princeps,

    id. Har. Resp. 26, 57:

    regendae civitatis dux et sententiae princeps in senatu,

    id. de Or. 3, 17, 63:

    (pueri) aequalium principes,

    first among their playfellows, id. Fin. 5, 22, 61:

    gregis,

    i. e. of players, Suet. Calig. 58:

    principes sententiarum consulares,

    who were first asked for their opinion, Liv. 8, 21:

    hujus consilii principes,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 14:

    belli inferendi,

    first in commencing hostilities, id. ib. 5, 52:

    jam princeps equitum,

    at the head of, Juv. 4, 32.—Of ancestors:

    hinc Dardanus ortus Iasiusque pater, genus a quo principe nostrum,

    Verg. A. 3, 168 (cf., in this sense, principium, Sil. 15, 748; v. principium, II. B. 2.).—
    D.
    A chief, superior, director (ante- and post-class.):

    principes, qui utrique rei praeponuntur,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 2; Lampr. Alex. Sev. 32.—
    E.
    A prince, i. e. a ruler, sovereign, emperor ( poet. and post-Aug.):

    hic ames dici pater atque princeps,

    Hor. C. 1, 2, 50; Ov. P. 1, 2, 123; Tac. A. 1, 1:

    quae non faciet quod principis uxor,

    Juv. 6, 617; 8, 224.—
    F.
    In milit. lang.: princĭpes, um, m., the second line of soldiers, between the hastati and triarii, Liv. 8, 8; 22, 5; 30, 8; 37, 39; cf. Varr. L. L. 5, § 89; Veg. Mil. 1, 20; 2, 15; cf. Ov. F. 3, 129; and Becker, Antiq. 3, 2, p. 249 sq.; p. 269 sq.—Princeps also signifies,
    1.
    A company or division of the principes: signum primi principis, of the first company of the principes, Liv. 26, 6, 1:

    octavum principem duxit,

    was centurion of the eighth maniple, Cic. ad Brut. 1, 8, 2.—
    2.
    A centurion or captain of the principes: princeps prior, the first captain of the principes, Caes. B. C. 3, 64 fin.:

    princeps tertiae legionis,

    Liv. 25, 14; cf. id. 42, 34.—
    3.
    The office of centurion of the principes, the centurionship or captaincy of the principes: mihi primus princeps prioris centuriae est adsignatus, the first captaincy of the principes, Liv. 42, 34, 8.— Comp.:

    omnium priorum principum principiorem, si dici fas est,

    Cassiod. Hist. Eccl. 1, 1.
    2.
    Princeps, cĭpis, m., a celebrated flute-player, Phaedr. 5, 7, 4.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > princeps

  • 4 princeps

    chief, prince.

    Latin-English dictionary of medieval > princeps

  • 5 Editio princeps

    Latin Quotes (Latin to English) > Editio princeps

  • 6 Facile princeps

    Latin Quotes (Latin to English) > Facile princeps

  • 7 Accipiter princeps

    ENG New Britain goshawk

    Animal Names Latin to English > Accipiter princeps

  • 8 Actenoides princeps

    ENG scaly kingfisher

    Animal Names Latin to English > Actenoides princeps

  • 9 Leucopternis princeps

    ENG barred hawk

    Animal Names Latin to English > Leucopternis princeps

  • 10 Melidectes princeps

    ENG long-bearded Melidectes

    Animal Names Latin to English > Melidectes princeps

  • 11 Passerculus sandwichensis princeps

    ENG Ipswich sparrow

    Animal Names Latin to English > Passerculus sandwichensis princeps

  • 12 Ploceus princeps

    ENG Principe golden-Weaver

    Animal Names Latin to English > Ploceus princeps

  • 13 Zapus princeps

    NLD westelijke huppelmuis

    Animal Names Latin to English > Zapus princeps

  • 14 principes

    1.
    princeps, cĭpis, adj. and subst. comm. [primus-capio], first in time or order (syn. primus).— Lit., in gen.:

    ut quisque in fugā postremus, ita periculo princeps erat,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 34, § 90:

    princeps in proelium ibat, ultimus conserto proelio excedebat,

    Liv. 21, 4:

    princeps Horatius ibat,

    first, in front, in advance, id. 1, 26 Weissenb. ad [p. 1445] loc.:

    princeps fuit ad conatum exercitus comparandi,

    Cic. Phil. 10, 11, 24:

    Firmani principes pecuniae pollicendae fuerunt,

    were the first to promise, id. ib. 7, 8, 23:

    princeps in agendo,

    id. Div. in Caecil. 15, 47; Caes. B. G. 7, 2:

    omnium nationum exterarum princeps Sicilia se ad amicitiam populi Romani applicuit,

    was the first that entered into friendship with the Roman people, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 1, § 2:

    princeps et solus bellum his indixit,

    Nep. Thras. 1, 5:

    princeps in haec verba jurat,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 76:

    ut principes talem nuntium attulisse viderentur,

    to be the first, id. ib. 1, 53:

    qui Formiarum moenia dicitur Princeps tenuisse,

    Hor. C. 3, 17, 7:

    matri Qui dederit princeps oscula,

    Ov. F. 2, 714:

    princeps turmas inducit Asilas,

    Verg. A. 11, 620:

    princeps ante omnes,

    first of all, id. ib. 5, 833.—Of things:

    quoniam exordium princeps omnium esse debet,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 7, 19:

    qualitatum aliae sunt principes, aliae ex lis ortae,

    original, id. Ac. 1, 7, 26:

    mensis Romani anni,

    Col. 11, 2, 3:

    addere principi Limo particulam,

    Hor. C. 1, 16, 13:

    dies imperii princeps, vitae supremus,

    Tac. A. 1, 9.—
    B.
    The first, chief, the most eminent, distinguished, or noble (syn. primores):

    longe omnium gravitate princeps Plato,

    Cic. Or. 19, 62:

    Eudoxus in astrologiā facile princeps,

    id. Div. 2, 42, 87:

    quaedam principes feminae,

    certain noble ladies, Plin. 8, 32, 50, § 119:

    principe loco genitus,

    id. 37, 2, 11, § 40.—Prov.:

    principibus placuisse viris non ultima laus est,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 35. —Rarely of things:

    gemma princeps Sardonychus,

    Juv. 13, 138.—
    II. B.
    Esp., the first, chief, principal, most distinguished person:

    quales in re publicā principes essent, talis reliquos solere esse civis,

    Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 12:

    juventutis,

    one of the noblest of the Roman knights, id. Vatin. 10, 24: trecenti conjuravimus principes juventutis Romanae, i. e. high-born or patrician youths, Liv. 2, 12, 15 (= proceres juventutis, id. 10, 28, 7); 42, 61, 5.—In the time of the emperors this was also a title of honor given to the prince, the heir to the empire, Tac. A. 1, 3:

    sacerdotum,

    the high-priest, Vulg. Act. 4, 6. —
    C.
    A chief, head, author, originator, leader, contriver, etc.:

    princeps atque architectus sceleris,

    Cic. Clu. 22, 60:

    Zeno eorum (Stoicorum) princeps non tam rerum inventor fuit, quam verborum novorum,

    id. Fin. 3, 2, 5:

    princeps Argonautarum,

    i. e. Jason, id. Tusc. 4, 32, 69:

    principes consilii publici, i. e. senatus,

    id. Sest. 45, 97:

    conjurationis,

    id. Cat. 1, 11, 27:

    eorum omnium hic dux est atque princeps,

    id. Har. Resp. 26, 57:

    regendae civitatis dux et sententiae princeps in senatu,

    id. de Or. 3, 17, 63:

    (pueri) aequalium principes,

    first among their playfellows, id. Fin. 5, 22, 61:

    gregis,

    i. e. of players, Suet. Calig. 58:

    principes sententiarum consulares,

    who were first asked for their opinion, Liv. 8, 21:

    hujus consilii principes,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 14:

    belli inferendi,

    first in commencing hostilities, id. ib. 5, 52:

    jam princeps equitum,

    at the head of, Juv. 4, 32.—Of ancestors:

    hinc Dardanus ortus Iasiusque pater, genus a quo principe nostrum,

    Verg. A. 3, 168 (cf., in this sense, principium, Sil. 15, 748; v. principium, II. B. 2.).—
    D.
    A chief, superior, director (ante- and post-class.):

    principes, qui utrique rei praeponuntur,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 2; Lampr. Alex. Sev. 32.—
    E.
    A prince, i. e. a ruler, sovereign, emperor ( poet. and post-Aug.):

    hic ames dici pater atque princeps,

    Hor. C. 1, 2, 50; Ov. P. 1, 2, 123; Tac. A. 1, 1:

    quae non faciet quod principis uxor,

    Juv. 6, 617; 8, 224.—
    F.
    In milit. lang.: princĭpes, um, m., the second line of soldiers, between the hastati and triarii, Liv. 8, 8; 22, 5; 30, 8; 37, 39; cf. Varr. L. L. 5, § 89; Veg. Mil. 1, 20; 2, 15; cf. Ov. F. 3, 129; and Becker, Antiq. 3, 2, p. 249 sq.; p. 269 sq.—Princeps also signifies,
    1.
    A company or division of the principes: signum primi principis, of the first company of the principes, Liv. 26, 6, 1:

    octavum principem duxit,

    was centurion of the eighth maniple, Cic. ad Brut. 1, 8, 2.—
    2.
    A centurion or captain of the principes: princeps prior, the first captain of the principes, Caes. B. C. 3, 64 fin.:

    princeps tertiae legionis,

    Liv. 25, 14; cf. id. 42, 34.—
    3.
    The office of centurion of the principes, the centurionship or captaincy of the principes: mihi primus princeps prioris centuriae est adsignatus, the first captaincy of the principes, Liv. 42, 34, 8.— Comp.:

    omnium priorum principum principiorem, si dici fas est,

    Cassiod. Hist. Eccl. 1, 1.
    2.
    Princeps, cĭpis, m., a celebrated flute-player, Phaedr. 5, 7, 4.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > principes

  • 15 auctor

    auctor (incorrectly written autor or author), ōris, comm. [id.], he that brings about the existence of any object, or promotes the increase or prosperity of it, whether he first originates it, or by his efforts gives greater permanence or continuance to it; to be differently translated according to the object, creator, maker, author, inventor, producer, father, founder, teacher, composer, cause, voucher, supporter, leader, head, etc. (syn.: conditor, origo, consiliarius, lator, suasor, princeps, dux).
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    Of persons, a progenitor, father, ancestor:

    L. Brutus, praeclarus auctor nobilitatis tuae,

    the founder, progenitor of your nobility, Cic. Tusc. 4, 1, 2:

    generis,

    Verg. A. 4, 365; so Ov. M. 4, 640, and Suet. Vit. 2:

    tu sanguinis ultimus auctor,

    Verg. A. 7, 49; so Ov. M. 12, 558, and 13, 142:

    tantae propaginis,

    id. F. 3, 157:

    originis,

    Suet. Ner. 1:

    gentis,

    id. Claud. 25:

    auctores parentes animarum,

    Vulg. Sap. 12, 6:

    auctore ab illo ducit originem,

    Hor. C. 3, 17, 5:

    Sive neglectum genus et nepotes Respicis auctor,

    id. ib. 1, 2, 36:

    mihi Tantalus auctor,

    Ov. M. 6, 172:

    auctores saxa fretumque tui,

    id. H. 10, 132:

    Juppiter e terrā genitam mentitur, ut auctor Desinat inquiri,

    id. M. 1, 615.—Of animals, Col. 6, 27, 1.—
    B.
    Of buildings, etc., founder, builder:

    Trojae Cynthius auctor,

    Verg. G. 3, 36:

    murorum Romulus auctor,

    Prop. 5, 6, 43 ( augur, Müll.):

    auctor posuisset in oris Moenia,

    Ov. M. 15, 9:

    porticus auctoris Livia nomen habet,

    id. A. A. 1, 72:

    amphitheatri,

    Plin. 36, 15, 24, § 118:

    omnia sub titulo tantum suo ac sine ullā pristini auctoris memoriā,

    Suet. Dom. 5.—
    C.
    Of works of art, a maker, artist:

    statua auctoris incerti,

    Plin. 34, 8, 19, § 93: apparuit summam artis securitatem auctori placaisse, id. praef. § 27.—
    II.
    Transf.
    A.
    In gen., the originator, executor, performer, doer, cause, occasion of other things (freq. interchanged with actor):

    tametsi haud quaquam par gloriá sequitur scriptorem et auctorem rerum, tamen etc.,

    Sall. C. 3, 2 Kritz (cf. without rerum: Suam quisque culpam auctores ad negotia transferunt, id. J. 1, 4):

    praeclari facinoris,

    Vell. 2, 120, 6:

    facti,

    Ov. M. 9, 206; Vell. 1, 8:

    cum perquirerent auctorem facti,

    Vulg. Jud. 6, 29:

    optimi statūs auctor,

    Suet. Aug. 28:

    honoris,

    Ov. M. 10, 214:

    vitae,

    Vulg. Act. 3, 15:

    salutis,

    ib. Heb. 2, 10:

    fidei,

    ib. ib. 12, 2:

    funeris,

    Ov. M. 10, 199:

    necis,

    id. ib. 8, 449;

    9, 214: mortis,

    id. ib. 8, 493:

    vulneris,

    id. ib. 5, 133;

    8, 418: plagae,

    id. ib. 3, 329:

    seditionis sectae,

    Vulg. Act. 24, 5.—Also, in gen., one from whom any thing proceeds or comes:

    auctor in incerto est: jaculum de parte sinistrā Venit,

    i. e. the sender, Ov. M. 12, 419; so,

    teli,

    id. ib. 8, 349:

    muneris,

    the giver, id. ib. 2, 88;

    5, 657, 7, 157 al.: meritorum,

    id. ib. 8, 108 al.—
    B.
    An author of scientific or literary productions.
    1.
    An investigator:

    non sordidus auctor Naturae verique,

    Hor. C. 1, 28, 14.—And as imparting learning, a teacher:

    quamquam in antiquissimā philosophiā Cratippo auctore versaris,

    Cic. Off. 2, 2, 8:

    dicendi gravissimus auctor et magister Plato,

    id. Or. 3, 10:

    divini humanique juris auctor celeberrimus,

    Vell. 2, 26, 2:

    Servius Sulpicius, juris civilis auctor,

    Gell. 2, 10; Dig. 19, 1, 39; 40, 7, 36.—
    2.
    The author of a writing, a writer:

    ii quos nunc lectito auctores,

    Cic. Att. 12, 18:

    ingeniosus poëta et auctor valde bonus,

    id. Mur. 14:

    scripta auctori perniciosa suo,

    Ov. Tr. 5, 1, 68:

    Belli Alexandrini Africique et Hispaniensis incertus auctor est,

    Suet. Caes. 56; id. Aug. 31:

    sine auctore notissimi versus,

    i. e. anonymous verses, id. ib. 70; so id. Calig. 8; id. Dom. 8 al.— Meton. of cause for effect, for a literary production, writing, work:

    in evolvendis utriusque linguae auctoribus, etc.,

    Suet. Aug. 89. —In partic., the author of historical works, an historian (with and without rerum):

    ego cautius posthac historiam attingam, te audiente, quem rerum Romanarum auctorem laudare possum religiosissimum,

    Cic. Brut. 11, 44; so,

    Matrem Antoniam non apud auctores rerum, non diurnā actorum scripturā reperio ullo insigni officio functam,

    Tac. A. 3, 3; 3, 30 (diff. from auctor rerum in II. A.):

    Polybius bonus auctor in primis,

    Cic. Off. 3, 32, 113; so Nep. Them. 10, 4; Liv. 4, 20; Tac. A. 5, 9; 14, 64 al.—With historiae (eccl. Lat.):

    historiae congruit auctori,

    Vulg. 2 Macc. 2, 31.—Hence, in gen., one that gives an account of something, a narrator, reporter, informant (orally or in writing):

    sibi insidias fieri: se id certis auctoribus comperisse,

    Cic. Att. 14, 8:

    celeberrimos auctores habeo tantam victoribus irreverentiam fuisse, ut, etc.,

    Tac. H. 3, 51:

    criminis ficti auctor, i. e. nuntius,

    Ov. M. 7, 824:

    Non haec tibi nuntiat auctor Ambiguus,

    id. ib. 11, 666; 12, 58; 12, 61; 12, 532.—Hence, auctorem esse, with acc. and inf., to relate, recount:

    Auctores sunt ter novenis punctis interfici hominem,

    Plin. 11, 21, 24, § 73:

    Fabius Rustiçus auctor est scriptos esse ad Caecinam Tuscum codicillos,

    Tac. A. 13, 20:

    Auctor est Julius Marathus ante paucos quam nasceretur menses prodigium Romae factum (esse) publice, etc.,

    Suet. Aug. 94 et saep.—
    C.
    One by whose influence, advice, command, etc., any thing is done, the cause, occasion, contriver, instigator, counsellor, adviser, promoter; constr. sometimes with ut, acc. and inf., or gen. gerund.: quid mihi es auctor ( what do you counsel me?) huic ut mittam? Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 2; 4, 7, 70; id. Poen. 1, 3, 1:

    idne estis auctores mihi?

    Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 16:

    mihique ut absim, vehementer auctor est,

    Cic. Att. 15, 5:

    Gellium ipsis (philosophis) magno opere auctorem fuisse, ut controversiarum facerent modum,

    id. Leg. 1, 20, 53:

    ut propinqui de communi sententiā coërcerent, auctor fuit,

    Suet. Tib. 35; id. Claud. 25; id. Calig. 15:

    a me consilium petis, qui sim tibi auctor in Siciliāne subsidas, an proficiscare,

    Cic. Fam. 6, 8: ego quidem tibi non sim auctor, si Pompeius Italiam reliquit, te quoque profugere, Att. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 10:

    ne auctor armorum duxque deesset, Auct. B. G. 8, 47: auctor facinori non deerat,

    Liv. 2, 54:

    auctores Bibulo fuere tantundem pollicendi,

    Suet. Caes. 19:

    auctores restituendae tribuniciae potestatis,

    id. ib. 5; so id. Dom. 8:

    auctor singulis universisque conspirandi simul et ut... communem causam juvarent,

    id. Galb. 10 al. —So freq. in the abl. absol.: me, te, eo auctore, at my, your, his instance, by my [p. 199] advice, command, etc.:

    non me quidem Faciet auctore, hodie ut illum decipiat,

    Plaut. Stich. 4, 2, 23:

    an paenitebat flagiti, te auctore quod fecisset Adulescens?

    Ter. Eun. 5, 6, 12:

    quare omnes istos me auctore deridete atque contemnite,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 14, 54:

    quia calida fomenta non proderant, frigidis curari coactus auctore Antonio Musā,

    Suet. Aug. 81; 96; id. Galb. 19; id. Vit. 2 al.: agis Carminibus grates et dis auctoribus horum, the promoters or authors of spells, Ov. M. 7, 148.—
    2.
    Esp., in political lang., t. t.
    a.
    Auctor legis.
    (α).
    One who proposes a law, a mover, proposer (very rare):

    quarum legum auctor fuerat, earum suasorem se haud dubium ferebat,

    Liv. 6, 36:

    Quid desperatius, qui ne ementiendo quidem potueris auctorem adumbrare meliorem,

    Cic. Dom. 30, 80.—
    (β).
    One who advises the proposal of a law, and exerts all his influence to have it passed, a supporter (stronger than suasor; cf. Suet. Tib. 27:

    alium dicente, auctore eo Senatum se adīsse, verba mutare et pro auctore suasorem dicere coegit): isti rationi neque lator quisquam est inventus neque auctor umquam bonus,

    Cic. Leg. 3, 15, 34:

    cum ostenderem, si lex utilis plebi Romanae mihi videretur, auctorem me atque adjutorem futurum (esse),

    id. Agr. 2, 5; id. Att. 1, 19:

    quo auctore societatem cum Perseo junxerunt,

    Liv. 45, 31; Suet. Oth. 8; id. Vesp. 11 al.—Sometimes in connection with suasor:

    atque hujus deditionis ipse Postumius suasor et auctor fuit,

    Cic. Off. 3, 30, 109:

    Nisi quis retinet, idem suasor auctorque consilii ero,

    Tac. H. 3, 2 al. —
    (γ).
    Of a senate which accepts or adopts a proposition for a law, a confirmer, ratifier:

    nunc cum loquar apud senatores populi Romani, legum et judiciorum et juris auctores,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 67.— Poet., in gen., a law-giver:

    animum ad civilia vertet Jura suum, legesque feret justissimus auctor,

    Ov. M. 15, 833;

    and of one who establishes conditions of peace: leges captis justissimus auctor imposuit,

    id. ib. 8, 101. —Hence, auctores fieri, to approve, accept, confirm a law:

    cum de plebe consulem non accipiebat, patres ante auctores fieri coëgerit,

    Cic. Brut. 14, 55:

    Decreverunt ut, cum populus regem jussisset, id sic ratum esset, si patres auctores fierent,

    Liv. 1, 17; 1, 22; 2, 54; 2, 56; 6, 42; 8, 12 al.—
    b.
    Auctor consilii publici, he who has the chief voice in the senate, a leader:

    hunc rei publicae rectorem et consilii publici auctorem esse habendum,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 48, 211; 3, 17, 63. —Also absol.:

    regem Ariobarzanem, cujus salutem a senatu te auctore, commendatam habebam,

    by your influence, and the decree of the senate occasioned by it, Cic. Fam. 15, 4, 6; cf. Gron. ad Liv. 24, 43.—
    D.
    One who is an exemplar, a model, pattern, type of any thing:

    Caecilius, malus auctor Latinitatis,

    Cic. Att. 7, 3, 10:

    nec litterarum Graecarum, nec philosophiae jam ullum auctorem requiro,

    id. Ac. 2, 2, 5; cf.

    Wopk. Lect. Tull. p. 34: unum cedo auctorem tui facti, unius profer exemplum,

    i. e. who has done a similar thing, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 26:

    Cato omnium virtutum auctor,

    id. Fin. 4, 16, 44 al. —
    E.
    One that becomes security for something, a voucher, bail, surety, witness:

    id ita esse ut credas, rem tibi auctorem dabo,

    Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 70:

    auctorem rumorem habere,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 19: fama nuntiabat te esse in Syriā;

    auctor erat nemo,

    id. Fam. 12, 4:

    non si mihi Juppiter auctor Spondeat,

    Verg. A. 5, 17:

    gravis quamvis magnae rei auctor,

    Liv. 1, 16:

    auctorem levem, nec satis fidum super tantā re Patres rati,

    id. 5, 15 fin.:

    urbs auspicato deis auctoribus in aeternum condita,

    under the guaranty of the gods, id. 28, 28.—Also with acc. and inf.:

    auctores sumus tutam ibi majestatem Romani nominis fore,

    Liv. 2, 48.—
    F.
    In judic. lang., t. t.
    1.
    A seller, vender (inasmuch as he warrants the right of possession of the thing to be sold, and transfers it to the purchaser; sometimes the jurists make a distinction between auctor primus and auctor secundus; the former is the seller himself, the latter the bail or security whom the former brings, Dig. 21, 2, 4; cf.

    Salmas. Mod. Usur. pp. 728 and 733): quod a malo auctore emīssent,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 22:

    auctor fundi,

    id. Caecin. 10; Dig. 19, 1, 52: Inpero (auctor ego sum), ut tu me quoivis castrandum loces, Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 73 Wagn.; id. Ep. 3, 2, 21; id. Curc. 4, 2, 12.— Trop.:

    auctor beneficii populi Romani,

    Cic. Mur. 2.—
    2.
    A guardian, trustee (of women and minors):

    dos quam mulier nullo auctore dixisset,

    Cic. Caecin. 25:

    majores nostri nullam ne privatam quidem rem agere feminas sine auctore voluerunt,

    Liv. 34, 2:

    pupillus obligari tutori eo auctore non potest,

    Dig. 26, 8, 5.—
    3.
    In espousals, auctores are the witnesses of the marriage contract (parents, brothers, guardians, relatives, etc.):

    nubit genero socrus, nullis auspicibus, nullis auctoribus,

    Cic. Clu. 5.—
    G.
    An agent, factor, spokesman, intercessor, champion:

    praeclarus iste auctor suae civitatis,

    Cic. Fl. 22:

    (Plancius) princeps inter suos... maximarum societatum auctor, plurimarum magister,

    id. Planc. 13, 22:

    meae salutis,

    id. Sest. 50, 107:

    doloris sui, querelarum, etc.,

    id. Fl. 22 fin.
    In class.
    Lat. auctor is also used as fem.:

    eas aves, quibus auctoribus etc.,

    Cic. Div. 1, 15, 27:

    Et hostes aderant et (Theoxena) auctor mortis instabat,

    Liv. 40, 4, 15:

    auctor ego (Juno) audendi,

    Verg. A. 12, 159; Ov. M. 8, 108; id. F. 5, 192; 6, 709; id. H. 14, 110; 15, 3; Sen. Med. 968; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 29 Müll. The distinction which the grammarians, Serv. ad Verg. A. 12, 159, Prob. p. 1452 sq. P., and others make between auctor fem. and auctrix, that auctrix would refer more to the lit. signif. of the verb, augeo, while auctor fem. has more direct relation to the prevailing signif. of its noun, auctoritas, is unfounded.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > auctor

  • 16 bellum

    bellum (ante-class. and poet. duel-lum), i, n. [Sanscr. dva, dvi, dus; cf. Germ. zwei; Engl. two, twice; for the change from initial du- to b-, cf. bis for duis, and v. the letter B, and Varr. L. L. 5, § 73 Mull.; 7, § 49 ib.], war.
    I.
    Form duellum: duellum, bellum, videlicet quod duabus partibus de victoria contendentibus dimicatur. Inde est perduellis, qui pertinaciter retinet bellum, Paul. ex Fest. p. 66, 17 Mull.:

    bellum antea duellum vocatum eo quod duae sunt dimicantium partes... Postea mutata littera dictum bellum,

    Isid. Orig. 18, 1, 9: hos pestis necuit, pars occidit illa duellis, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 9, 861 P. (Ann. v. 549 Vahl.):

    legiones reveniunt domum Exstincto duello maximo atque internecatis hostibus,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 35:

    quae domi duellique male fecisti,

    id. As. 3, 2, 13.—So in archaic style, or in citations from ancient documents:

    quique agent rem duelli,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 21:

    aes atque ferrum, duelli instrumenta,

    id. ib. 2, 18, 45 (translated from the Platonic laws):

    puro pioque duello quaerendas (res) censeo,

    Liv. 1, 32, 12 (quoted from ancient transactions); so,

    quod duellum populo Romano cum Carthaginiensi est,

    id. 22, 10, 2:

    victoriaque duelli populi Romani erit,

    id. 23, 11, 2:

    si duellum quod cum rege Antiocho sumi populus jussit,

    id. 36, 2, 2;

    and from an ancient inscription' duello magno dirimendo, etc.,

    id. 40, 52, 5.— Poet.:

    hic... Pacem duello miscuit,

    Hor. C. 3, 5, 38:

    cadum Marsi memorem duelli,

    id. ib. 3, 14, 18:

    vacuum duellis Janum Quirini clausit,

    id. ib. 4, 15, 8; cf. id. Ep. 1, 2, 7; 2, 1, 254; 2, 2, 98; Ov. F. 6, 201; Juv. 1, 169— [p. 227]
    II.
    Form bellum.
    A.
    War, warfare (abstr.), or a war, the war (concr.), i.e. hostilities between two nations (cf. tumultus).
    1.
    Specifying the enemy.
    a.
    By adjj. denoting the nation:

    omnibus Punicis Siciliensibusque bellis,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 47, § 124:

    aliquot annis ante secundum Punicum bellum,

    id. Ac. 2, 5, 13:

    Britannicum bellum,

    id. Att. 4, 16, 13:

    Gallicum,

    id. Prov. Cons. 14, 35:

    Germanicum,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 28:

    Sabinum,

    Liv. 1, 26, 4:

    Parthicum,

    Vell. 2, 46, 2;

    similarly: bellum piraticum,

    the war against the pirates, Vell. 2, 33, 1.—Sometimes the adj. refers to the leader or king of the enemy:

    Sertorianum bellum,

    Cic. Phil. 11, 8, 18:

    Mithridaticum,

    id. Imp. Pomp. 3, 7:

    Jugurthinum,

    Hor. Epod. 9, 23; Vell. 2, 11, 1;

    similarly: bellum regium,

    the war against kings, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 17, 50. —Or it refers to the theatre of the war:

    bellum Africanum, Transalpinum,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 28:

    Asiaticum,

    id. ib. 22, 64:

    Africum,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 32 fin.:

    Actiacum,

    Vell. 2, 86, 3:

    Hispaniense,

    id. 2, 55, 2.—
    b.
    With gen. of the name of the nation or its leader: bellum Latinorum, the Latin war, i. e. against the Latins, Cic. N. D. 2, 2, 6:

    Venetorum,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 16:

    Helvetiorum,

    id. ib. 1, 40 fin.;

    1, 30: Ambiorigis,

    id. ib. 6, 29, 4:

    Pyrrhi, Philippi,

    Cic. Phil. 11, 7, 17:

    Samnitium,

    Liv. 7, 29, 2.—
    c.
    With cum and abl. of the name.
    (α).
    Attributively:

    cum Jugurtha, cum Cimbris, cum Teutonis bellum,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 20, 60:

    belli causa cum Samnitibus,

    Liv. 7, 29, 3:

    hunc finem bellum cum Philippo habuit,

    id. 33, 35, 12:

    novum cum Antiocho instabat bellum,

    id. 36, 36, 7; cf. id. 35, 40, 1; 38, 58, 8; 39, 1, 8; 44, 14, 7.—
    (β).
    With cum dependent on the verb:

    quia bellum Aetolis esse dixi cum Aliis,

    Plaut. Capt. prol. 59:

    novi consules... duo bella habuere... alterum cum Tiburtibus,

    Liv. 7, 17, 2; esp. with gero, v. 2. b. a infra.—
    d.
    With adversus and acc. of the name.
    (α).
    Attributively:

    bellum adversus Philippum,

    Liv. 31, 1, 8:

    bellum populus adversus Vestinos jussit,

    id. 8, 29, 6.—
    (β).
    With adversus dependent on the verb: quod homines populi Hermunduli adversus populum Romanum bellum fecere, Cincius ap. Gell. 16, 14, 1: nos pro vobis bellum suscepimus adversus Philippum. Liv. 31, 31, 18:

    ut multo acrius adversus duos quam adversus unum pararet bellum,

    id. 45, 11, 8:

    bellum quod rex adversus Datamem susceperat,

    Nep. Dat. 8, 5.—
    e.
    With contra and acc.:

    cum bellum nefarium contra aras et focos, contra vitam fortunasque nostras... non comparari, sed geri jam viderem,

    Cic. Phil. 3, 1, 1:

    causam belli contra patriam inferendi,

    id. ib. 2, 22, 53.—
    f.
    With in and acc. (very rare):

    Athenienses in Peloponnesios sexto et vicesimo anno bellum gerentes,

    Nep. Lys. 1, 1.—
    g.
    With inter and acc.:

    hic finis belli inter Romanos ac Persea fuit,

    Liv. 45, 9, 2.—
    h.
    With apud and acc.:

    secutum est bellum gestum apud Mutinam,

    Nep. Att. 9, 1.—
    k.
    With dat. of the enemy after inferre and facere, v. 2. a. k infra.—
    2.
    With verbs.
    a.
    Referring to the beginning of the war.
    (α).
    Bellum movere or commovere, to bring about, stir up a war:

    summa erat observatio in bello movendo,

    Cic. Off. 1, 11, 37:

    bellum commotum a Scapula,

    id. Fam. 9, 13, 1:

    nuntiabant alii... in Apulia servile bellum moveri,

    Sall. C. 30, 2:

    is primum Volscis bellum in ducentos amplius... annos movit,

    Liv. 1, 53, 2:

    insequenti anno Veiens bellum motum,

    id. 4, 58, 6:

    dii pium movere bellum,

    id. 8, 6, 4; cf. Verg. A. 10, 627; id. G. 1, 509; so,

    concitare,

    Liv. 7, 27, 5; and ciere ( poet.), Verg. A. 1, 541; 6, 829; 12, 158.—
    (β).
    Bellum parare, comparare, apparare, or se praeparare bello, to prepare a war, or for a war:

    cum tam pestiferum bellum pararet,

    Cic. Att. 9, 13, 3:

    bellum utrimque summopere parabatur,

    Liv. 1, 23, 1; cf. id. 45, 11, 8 (v. II. A. 1. d. b supra); Nep. Hann. 2, 6; Quint. 12, 3, 5; Ov. M. 7, 456; so,

    parare alicui,

    Nep. Alcib. 9, 5:

    bellum terra et mari comparat,

    Cic. Att. 10, 4, 3:

    tantum bellum... Cn. Pompeius extrema hieme apparavit, ineunte vere suscepit, media aestate confecit,

    id. Imp. Pomp. 12, 3, 5:

    bellum omnium consensu apparari coeptum,

    Liv. 4, 55, 7:

    numquam imperator ita paci credit, ut non se praeparet bello,

    Sen. Vit. Beat. 26, 2.—
    (γ).
    Bellum differre, to postpone a war:

    nec jam poterat bellum differri,

    Liv. 2, 30, 7:

    mors Hamilcaris et pueritia Hannibalis distulerunt bellum,

    id. 21, 2, 3; cf. id. 5, 5, 3.—
    (δ).
    Bellum sumere, to undertake, begin a war (not in Caesar):

    omne bellum sumi facile, ceterum aegerrume desinere,

    Sall. J. 83, 1:

    prius tamen omnia pati decrevit quam bellum sumere,

    id. ib. 20, 5:

    de integro bellum sumit,

    id. ib. 62, 9:

    iis haec maxima ratio belli sumendi fuerat,

    Liv. 38, 19, 3:

    sumi bellum etiam ab ignavis, strenuissimi cujusque periculo geri,

    Tac. H. 4, 69; cf. id. A. 2, 45; 13, 34; 15, 5; 15, 7; id. Agr. 16.—
    (ε).
    Bellum suscipere (rarely inire), to undertake, commence a war, join in a war:

    bellum ita suscipiatur ut nihil nisi pax quaesita videatur,

    Cic. Off. 1, 23, 80:

    suscipienda quidem bella sunt ob eam causam ut, etc.,

    id. ib. 1, 11, 35:

    judicavit a plerisque ignoratione... bellum esse susceptum,

    join, id. Marcell. 5, 13; id. Imp. Pomp. 12, 35 (v. supra):

    cum avertisset plebem a suscipiendo bello,

    undertaking, Liv. 4, 58, 14:

    senatui cum Camillo agi placuit ut bellum Etruscum susciperet,

    id. 6, 9, 5:

    bella non causis inita, sed ut eorum merces fuit,

    Vell. 2, 3, 3.—
    (ζ).
    Bellum consentire = bellum consensu decernere, to decree a war by agreement, to ratify a declaration of war (rare):

    consensit et senatus bellum,

    Liv. 8, 6, 8:

    bellum erat consensum,

    id. 1, 32, 12.—
    (η).
    Bellum alicui mandare, committere, decernere, dare, gerendum dare, ad aliquem deferre, or aliquem bello praeficere, praeponere, to assign a war to one as a commander, to give one the chief command in a war:

    sed ne tum quidem populus Romanus ad privatum detulit bellum,

    Cic. Phil. 11, 8, 18:

    populus Romanus consuli... bellum gerendum dedit,

    id. ib.:

    cur non... eidem... hoc quoque bellum regium committamus?

    id. Imp. Pomp. 17, 50:

    Camillus cui id bellum mandatum erat,

    Liv. 5, 26, 3:

    Volscum bellum M. Furio extra ordinem decretum,

    id. 6, 22, 6:

    Gallicum bellum Popilio extra ordinem datum,

    id. 7, 23, 2:

    quo die a vobis maritimo bello praepositus est imperator,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 15, 44:

    cum ei (bello) imperatorem praeficere possitis, in quo sit eximia belli scientia,

    id. ib. 16, 49:

    hunc toti bello praefecerunt,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 11 fin.:

    alicui bellum suscipiendum dare,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 19, 58:

    bellum administrandum permittere,

    id. ib. 21, 61.—
    (θ).
    Bellum indicere alicui, to declare war against (the regular expression; coupled with facere in the ancient formula of the pater patratus), also bellum denuntiare: ob eam rem ego... populo Hermundulo... bellum (in)dico facioque, Cincius ap. Gell. 16, 14, 1:

    ob eam rem ego populusque Romanus populis... Latinis bellum indico facioque,

    Liv. 1, 32, 13:

    Corinthiis bellum indicamus an non?

    Cic. Inv. 1, 12, 17:

    ex quo intellegi potest, nullum bellum esse justum nisi quod aut rebus repetitis geratur, aut denuntiatum ante sit et indictum,

    id. Off. 1, 11, 36; id. Rep. 3, 23, 35:

    bellum indici posse existimabat,

    Liv. 1, 22, 4:

    ni reddantur (res) bellum indicere jussos,

    id. 1, 22, 6:

    ut... nec gererentur solum sed etiam indicerentur bella aliquo ritu, jus... descripsit quo res repetuntur,

    id. 1, 32, 5; cf. id. 1, 32, 9; 2, 18, 11; 2, 38, 5; Verg. A. 7, 616.—
    (κ).
    Bellum inferre alicui (cf. contra aliquem, 1. e. supra; also bellum facere; absol., with dat., or with cum and abl.), to begin a war against ( with), to make war on:

    Denseletis nefarium bellum intulisti,

    Cic. Pis. 34, 84:

    ei civitati bellum indici atque inferri solere,

    id. Verr. 2, 1, 31, § 79:

    qui sibi Galliaeque bellum intulissent,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 16; Nep. Them. 2, 4; Verg. A. 3, 248:

    bellumne populo Romano Lampsacena civitas facere conabatur?

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 31, § 79:

    bellum patriae faciet,

    id. Mil. 23, 63; id. Cat. 3, 9, 22:

    civitatem Eburonum populo Romano bellum facere ausam,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 28; cf. id. ib. 7, 2;

    3, 29: constituit bellum facere,

    Sall. C. 26, 5; 24, 2:

    occupant bellum facere,

    they are the first to begin the war, Liv. 1, 14, 4:

    ut bellum cum Priscis Latinis fieret,

    id. 1, 32, 13:

    populus Palaepolitanis bellum fieri jussit,

    id. 8, 22, 8; cf. Nep. Dion, 4, 3; id. Ages. 2, 1.— Coupled with instruere, to sustain a war:

    urbs quae bellum facere atque instruere possit,

    Cic. Agr. 2, 28, 77.—Bellum facere had become obsolete at Seneca's time, Sen. Ep. 114, 17.—
    (λ).
    Bellum oritur or exoritur, a war begins:

    subito bellum in Gallia ex, ortum est,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 7:

    aliud multo propius bellum ortum,

    Liv. 1, 14, 4:

    Veiens bellum exortum,

    id. 2, 53, 1.—

    bellum

    (ante-class. and poet.

    duel-lum

    ), i, n. [Sanscr. dva, dvi, dus; cf. Germ. zwei; Engl. two, twice; for the change from initial du- to b-, cf. bis for duis, and v. the letter B, and Varr. L. L. 5, § 73 Mull.; 7, § 49 ib.], war.
    I.
    Form duellum: duellum, bellum, videlicet quod duabus partibus de victoria contendentibus dimicatur. Inde est perduellis, qui pertinaciter retinet bellum, Paul. ex Fest. p. 66, 17 Mull.:

    bellum antea duellum vocatum eo quod duae sunt dimicantium partes... Postea mutata littera dictum bellum,

    Isid. Orig. 18, 1, 9: hos pestis necuit, pars occidit illa duellis, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 9, 861 P. (Ann. v. 549 Vahl.):

    legiones reveniunt domum Exstincto duello maximo atque internecatis hostibus,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 35:

    quae domi duellique male fecisti,

    id. As. 3, 2, 13.—So in archaic style, or in citations from ancient documents:

    quique agent rem duelli,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 21:

    aes atque ferrum, duelli instrumenta,

    id. ib. 2, 18, 45 (translated from the Platonic laws):

    puro pioque duello quaerendas (res) censeo,

    Liv. 1, 32, 12 (quoted from ancient transactions); so,

    quod duellum populo Romano cum Carthaginiensi est,

    id. 22, 10, 2:

    victoriaque duelli populi Romani erit,

    id. 23, 11, 2:

    si duellum quod cum rege Antiocho sumi populus jussit,

    id. 36, 2, 2;

    and from an ancient inscription' duello magno dirimendo, etc.,

    id. 40, 52, 5.— Poet.:

    hic... Pacem duello miscuit,

    Hor. C. 3, 5, 38:

    cadum Marsi memorem duelli,

    id. ib. 3, 14, 18:

    vacuum duellis Janum Quirini clausit,

    id. ib. 4, 15, 8; cf. id. Ep. 1, 2, 7; 2, 1, 254; 2, 2, 98; Ov. F. 6, 201; Juv. 1, 169— [p. 227]
    II.
    Form bellum.
    A.
    War, warfare (abstr.), or a war, the war (concr.), i.e. hostilities between two nations (cf. tumultus).
    1.
    Specifying the enemy.
    a.
    By adjj. denoting the nation:

    omnibus Punicis Siciliensibusque bellis,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 47, § 124:

    aliquot annis ante secundum Punicum bellum,

    id. Ac. 2, 5, 13:

    Britannicum bellum,

    id. Att. 4, 16, 13:

    Gallicum,

    id. Prov. Cons. 14, 35:

    Germanicum,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 28:

    Sabinum,

    Liv. 1, 26, 4:

    Parthicum,

    Vell. 2, 46, 2;

    similarly: bellum piraticum,

    the war against the pirates, Vell. 2, 33, 1.—Sometimes the adj. refers to the leader or king of the enemy:

    Sertorianum bellum,

    Cic. Phil. 11, 8, 18:

    Mithridaticum,

    id. Imp. Pomp. 3, 7:

    Jugurthinum,

    Hor. Epod. 9, 23; Vell. 2, 11, 1;

    similarly: bellum regium,

    the war against kings, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 17, 50. —Or it refers to the theatre of the war:

    bellum Africanum, Transalpinum,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 28:

    Asiaticum,

    id. ib. 22, 64:

    Africum,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 32 fin.:

    Actiacum,

    Vell. 2, 86, 3:

    Hispaniense,

    id. 2, 55, 2.—
    b.
    With gen. of the name of the nation or its leader: bellum Latinorum, the Latin war, i. e. against the Latins, Cic. N. D. 2, 2, 6:

    Venetorum,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 16:

    Helvetiorum,

    id. ib. 1, 40 fin.;

    1, 30: Ambiorigis,

    id. ib. 6, 29, 4:

    Pyrrhi, Philippi,

    Cic. Phil. 11, 7, 17:

    Samnitium,

    Liv. 7, 29, 2.—
    c.
    With cum and abl. of the name.
    (α).
    Attributively:

    cum Jugurtha, cum Cimbris, cum Teutonis bellum,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 20, 60:

    belli causa cum Samnitibus,

    Liv. 7, 29, 3:

    hunc finem bellum cum Philippo habuit,

    id. 33, 35, 12:

    novum cum Antiocho instabat bellum,

    id. 36, 36, 7; cf. id. 35, 40, 1; 38, 58, 8; 39, 1, 8; 44, 14, 7.—
    (β).
    With cum dependent on the verb:

    quia bellum Aetolis esse dixi cum Aliis,

    Plaut. Capt. prol. 59:

    novi consules... duo bella habuere... alterum cum Tiburtibus,

    Liv. 7, 17, 2; esp. with gero, v. 2. b. a infra.—
    d.
    With adversus and acc. of the name.
    (α).
    Attributively:

    bellum adversus Philippum,

    Liv. 31, 1, 8:

    bellum populus adversus Vestinos jussit,

    id. 8, 29, 6.—
    (β).
    With adversus dependent on the verb: quod homines populi Hermunduli adversus populum Romanum bellum fecere, Cincius ap. Gell. 16, 14, 1: nos pro vobis bellum suscepimus adversus Philippum. Liv. 31, 31, 18:

    ut multo acrius adversus duos quam adversus unum pararet bellum,

    id. 45, 11, 8:

    bellum quod rex adversus Datamem susceperat,

    Nep. Dat. 8, 5.—
    e.
    With contra and acc.:

    cum bellum nefarium contra aras et focos, contra vitam fortunasque nostras... non comparari, sed geri jam viderem,

    Cic. Phil. 3, 1, 1:

    causam belli contra patriam inferendi,

    id. ib. 2, 22, 53.—
    f.
    With in and acc. (very rare):

    Athenienses in Peloponnesios sexto et vicesimo anno bellum gerentes,

    Nep. Lys. 1, 1.—
    g.
    With inter and acc.:

    hic finis belli inter Romanos ac Persea fuit,

    Liv. 45, 9, 2.—
    h.
    With apud and acc.:

    secutum est bellum gestum apud Mutinam,

    Nep. Att. 9, 1.—
    k.
    With dat. of the enemy after inferre and facere, v. 2. a. k infra.—
    2.
    With verbs.
    a.
    Referring to the beginning of the war.
    (α).
    Bellum movere or commovere, to bring about, stir up a war:

    summa erat observatio in bello movendo,

    Cic. Off. 1, 11, 37:

    bellum commotum a Scapula,

    id. Fam. 9, 13, 1:

    nuntiabant alii... in Apulia servile bellum moveri,

    Sall. C. 30, 2:

    is primum Volscis bellum in ducentos amplius... annos movit,

    Liv. 1, 53, 2:

    insequenti anno Veiens bellum motum,

    id. 4, 58, 6:

    dii pium movere bellum,

    id. 8, 6, 4; cf. Verg. A. 10, 627; id. G. 1, 509; so,

    concitare,

    Liv. 7, 27, 5; and ciere ( poet.), Verg. A. 1, 541; 6, 829; 12, 158.—
    (β).
    Bellum parare, comparare, apparare, or se praeparare bello, to prepare a war, or for a war:

    cum tam pestiferum bellum pararet,

    Cic. Att. 9, 13, 3:

    bellum utrimque summopere parabatur,

    Liv. 1, 23, 1; cf. id. 45, 11, 8 (v. II. A. 1. d. b supra); Nep. Hann. 2, 6; Quint. 12, 3, 5; Ov. M. 7, 456; so,

    parare alicui,

    Nep. Alcib. 9, 5:

    bellum terra et mari comparat,

    Cic. Att. 10, 4, 3:

    tantum bellum... Cn. Pompeius extrema hieme apparavit, ineunte vere suscepit, media aestate confecit,

    id. Imp. Pomp. 12, 3, 5:

    bellum omnium consensu apparari coeptum,

    Liv. 4, 55, 7:

    numquam imperator ita paci credit, ut non se praeparet bello,

    Sen. Vit. Beat. 26, 2.—
    (γ).
    Bellum differre, to postpone a war:

    nec jam poterat bellum differri,

    Liv. 2, 30, 7:

    mors Hamilcaris et pueritia Hannibalis distulerunt bellum,

    id. 21, 2, 3; cf. id. 5, 5, 3.—
    (δ).
    Bellum sumere, to undertake, begin a war (not in Caesar):

    omne bellum sumi facile, ceterum aegerrume desinere,

    Sall. J. 83, 1:

    prius tamen omnia pati decrevit quam bellum sumere,

    id. ib. 20, 5:

    de integro bellum sumit,

    id. ib. 62, 9:

    iis haec maxima ratio belli sumendi fuerat,

    Liv. 38, 19, 3:

    sumi bellum etiam ab ignavis, strenuissimi cujusque periculo geri,

    Tac. H. 4, 69; cf. id. A. 2, 45; 13, 34; 15, 5; 15, 7; id. Agr. 16.—
    (ε).
    Bellum suscipere (rarely inire), to undertake, commence a war, join in a war:

    bellum ita suscipiatur ut nihil nisi pax quaesita videatur,

    Cic. Off. 1, 23, 80:

    suscipienda quidem bella sunt ob eam causam ut, etc.,

    id. ib. 1, 11, 35:

    judicavit a plerisque ignoratione... bellum esse susceptum,

    join, id. Marcell. 5, 13; id. Imp. Pomp. 12, 35 (v. supra):

    cum avertisset plebem a suscipiendo bello,

    undertaking, Liv. 4, 58, 14:

    senatui cum Camillo agi placuit ut bellum Etruscum susciperet,

    id. 6, 9, 5:

    bella non causis inita, sed ut eorum merces fuit,

    Vell. 2, 3, 3.—
    (ζ).
    Bellum consentire = bellum consensu decernere, to decree a war by agreement, to ratify a declaration of war (rare):

    consensit et senatus bellum,

    Liv. 8, 6, 8:

    bellum erat consensum,

    id. 1, 32, 12.—
    (η).
    Bellum alicui mandare, committere, decernere, dare, gerendum dare, ad aliquem deferre, or aliquem bello praeficere, praeponere, to assign a war to one as a commander, to give one the chief command in a war:

    sed ne tum quidem populus Romanus ad privatum detulit bellum,

    Cic. Phil. 11, 8, 18:

    populus Romanus consuli... bellum gerendum dedit,

    id. ib.:

    cur non... eidem... hoc quoque bellum regium committamus?

    id. Imp. Pomp. 17, 50:

    Camillus cui id bellum mandatum erat,

    Liv. 5, 26, 3:

    Volscum bellum M. Furio extra ordinem decretum,

    id. 6, 22, 6:

    Gallicum bellum Popilio extra ordinem datum,

    id. 7, 23, 2:

    quo die a vobis maritimo bello praepositus est imperator,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 15, 44:

    cum ei (bello) imperatorem praeficere possitis, in quo sit eximia belli scientia,

    id. ib. 16, 49:

    hunc toti bello praefecerunt,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 11 fin.:

    alicui bellum suscipiendum dare,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 19, 58:

    bellum administrandum permittere,

    id. ib. 21, 61.—
    (θ).
    Bellum indicere alicui, to declare war against (the regular expression; coupled with facere in the ancient formula of the pater patratus), also bellum denuntiare: ob eam rem ego... populo Hermundulo... bellum (in)dico facioque, Cincius ap. Gell. 16, 14, 1:

    ob eam rem ego populusque Romanus populis... Latinis bellum indico facioque,

    Liv. 1, 32, 13:

    Corinthiis bellum indicamus an non?

    Cic. Inv. 1, 12, 17:

    ex quo intellegi potest, nullum bellum esse justum nisi quod aut rebus repetitis geratur, aut denuntiatum ante sit et indictum,

    id. Off. 1, 11, 36; id. Rep. 3, 23, 35:

    bellum indici posse existimabat,

    Liv. 1, 22, 4:

    ni reddantur (res) bellum indicere jussos,

    id. 1, 22, 6:

    ut... nec gererentur solum sed etiam indicerentur bella aliquo ritu, jus... descripsit quo res repetuntur,

    id. 1, 32, 5; cf. id. 1, 32, 9; 2, 18, 11; 2, 38, 5; Verg. A. 7, 616.—
    (κ).
    Bellum inferre alicui (cf. contra aliquem, 1. e. supra; also bellum facere; absol., with dat., or with cum and abl.), to begin a war against ( with), to make war on:

    Denseletis nefarium bellum intulisti,

    Cic. Pis. 34, 84:

    ei civitati bellum indici atque inferri solere,

    id. Verr. 2, 1, 31, § 79:

    qui sibi Galliaeque bellum intulissent,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 16; Nep. Them. 2, 4; Verg. A. 3, 248:

    bellumne populo Romano Lampsacena civitas facere conabatur?

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 31, § 79:

    bellum patriae faciet,

    id. Mil. 23, 63; id. Cat. 3, 9, 22:

    civitatem Eburonum populo Romano bellum facere ausam,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 28; cf. id. ib. 7, 2;

    3, 29: constituit bellum facere,

    Sall. C. 26, 5; 24, 2:

    occupant bellum facere,

    they are the first to begin the war, Liv. 1, 14, 4:

    ut bellum cum Priscis Latinis fieret,

    id. 1, 32, 13:

    populus Palaepolitanis bellum fieri jussit,

    id. 8, 22, 8; cf. Nep. Dion, 4, 3; id. Ages. 2, 1.— Coupled with instruere, to sustain a war:

    urbs quae bellum facere atque instruere possit,

    Cic. Agr. 2, 28, 77.—Bellum facere had become obsolete at Seneca's time, Sen. Ep. 114, 17.—
    (λ).
    Bellum oritur or exoritur, a war begins:

    subito bellum in Gallia ex, ortum est,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 7:

    aliud multo propius bellum ortum,

    Liv. 1, 14, 4:

    Veiens bellum exortum,

    id. 2, 53, 1.—
    b.
    Referring to the carrying on of the war: bellum gerere, to carry on a war; absol., with cum and abl., per and acc., or in and abl. (cf.:

    bellum gerere in aliquem, 1. a. and f. supra): nisi forte ego vobis... cessare nunc videor cum bella non gero,

    Cic. Sen. 6, 18:

    cum Celtiberis, cum Cimbris bellum ut cum inimicis gerebatur,

    id. Off. 1, 12, 38:

    cum ei bellum ut cum rege Perse gereret obtigisset,

    id. Div. 1, 46, 103:

    erant hae difficultates belli gerendi,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 10:

    bellum cum Germanis gerere constituit,

    id. ib. 4, 6:

    Cn. Pompeius in extremis terris bellum gerebat,

    Sall. C. 16, 5:

    bellum quod Hannibale duce Carthaginienses cum populo Romano gessere,

    Liv. 21, 1, 1:

    alter consul in Sabinis bellum gessit,

    id. 2, 62, 3:

    de exercitibus per quos id bellum gereretur,

    id. 23, 25, 5:

    Chabrias bella in Aegypto sua sponte gessit,

    Nep. Chabr, 2, 1.—Sometimes bellum administrare only of the commander, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 15, 43; Nep. Chabr. 2, 1. —Also (very rare):

    bellum bellare,

    Liv. 8, 40, 1 (but belligerantes is absol., Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38; Ann. v. 201 Vahl.);

    in the same sense: bellum agere,

    Nep. Hann. 8, 3. —As a synonym:

    bello persequi aliquem,

    Nep. Con. 4, 1; cf. Liv. 3, 25, 3.—
    (β).
    Trahere or ducere bellum, to protract a war:

    necesse est enim aut trahi id bellum, aut, etc.,

    Cic. Att. 10, 8, 2:

    bellum trahi non posse,

    Sall. J. 23, 2:

    belli trahendi causa,

    Liv. 5, 11, 8:

    morae qua trahebant bellum paenitebat,

    id. 9, 27, 5:

    suadere institui ut bellum duceret,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 2:

    bellum enim ducetur,

    id. ad Brut. 1, 18, 6; Nep. Alcib. 8, 1; id. Dat. 8, 4;

    similarly: cum his molliter et per dilationes bellum geri oportet?

    Liv. 5, 5, 1.—
    (γ).
    Bellum repellere, defendere, or propulsare, to ward off, defend one ' s self against a war:

    bellum Gallicum C. Caesare imperatore gestum est, antea tantummodo repulsum,

    Cic. Prov. Cons. 13, 32:

    quod bellum non intulerit sed defenderit,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 44:

    Samnitium vix a se ipsis eo tempore propulsantium bellum,

    Liv. 8, 37, 5.—
    c.
    Referring to the end of a war.
    (α).
    Bellum deponere, ponere, or omittere, to give up, discontinue a war:

    in quo (i.e. bello) et gerendo et deponendo jus ut plurimum valeret lege sanximus,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 14, 34:

    (bellum) cum deponi victores velint,

    Sall. J. 83, 1:

    bellum decem ferme annis ante depositum erat,

    Liv. 31, 1, 8:

    nos depositum a vobis bellum et ipsi omisimus,

    id. 31, 31, 19:

    dicit posse condicionibus bellum poni,

    Sall. J. 112, 1:

    bellum grave cum Etruria positum est,

    id. H. Fragm. 1, 9 Dietsch:

    velut posito bello,

    Liv. 1, 53, 5:

    manere bellum quod positum simuletur,

    id. 1, 53, 7:

    posito ubique bello,

    Tac. H. 2, 52; cf. Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 93; Verg. A. 1, 291:

    omisso Romano bello Porsinna filium Arruntem Ariciam... mittit,

    Liv. 2, 14, 5.—
    (β).
    Bellum componere, to end a war by agreement, make peace:

    timerent ne bellum componeretur,

    Cic. Fam. 10, 33, 3:

    si bellum compositum foret,

    Sall. J. 97, 2:

    belli componendi licentiam,

    id. ib. 103, 3; cf. Nep. Ham. 1, 5; id. Hann. 6, 2; id. Alcib. 8, 3; Verg. A. 12, 109;

    similarly: bellum sedare,

    Nep. Dat. 8, 5.—
    (γ).
    Bellum conficere, perficere, finire, to finish, end a war; conficere (the most usual term) and perficere, = to finish a war by conquering; finire (rare), without implying success:

    is bellum confecerit qui Antonium oppresserit,

    Cic. Fam. 11, 12, 2:

    bellumque maximum conficies,

    id. Rep. 6, 11, 11:

    confecto Mithridatico bello,

    id. Prov. Cons. 11, 27; cf. id. Fam. 5, 10, 3; id. Imp. Pomp. 14, 42:

    quo proelio... bellum Venetorum confectum est,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 16; cf. id. ib. 1, 30; 1, 44; 1, 54; 3, 28;

    4, 16: bello confecto de Rhodiis consultum est,

    Sall. C. 51, 5; cf. id. J. 36, 1; 114, 3:

    neminem nisi bello confecto pecuniam petiturum esse,

    Liv. 24, 18, 11; cf. id. 21, 40, 11; 23, 6, 2; 31, 47, 4; 32, 32, 6;

    36, 2, 3: bello perfecto,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 18, 5; Liv. 1, 38, 3:

    se quo die hostem vidisset perfecturum (i. e. bellum),

    id. 22, 38, 7; 31, 4, 2; cf. id. 3, 24, 1; 34, 6, 12; Just. 5, 2, 11:

    neque desiturum ante... quam finitum aliqua tolerabili condicione bellum videro,

    Liv. 23, 12, 10: finito ex maxima parte.. [p. 228] italico bello, Vell. 2, 17, 1; Curt. 3, 1, 9; Tac. A. 15, 17; Just. 16, 2, 6; 24, 1, 8; Verg. A. 11, 116.—
    d.
    Less usual connections:

    bellum delere: non modo praesentia sed etiam futura bella delevit,

    Cic. Lael. 3, 11; cf. Nep. Alcib. 8, 4:

    alere ac fovere bellum,

    Liv. 42, 11, 5:

    bellum navare alicui,

    Tac. H. 5, 25:

    spargere,

    id. A. 3, 21; id. Agr. 38; Luc. 2, 682:

    serere,

    Liv. 21, 10, 4:

    circumferre,

    Tac. A. 13, 37:

    exercere,

    id. ib. 6, 31:

    quam celeriter belli impetus navigavit ( = quam celeriter navale bellum gestum est),

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, 34; so Flor. 2, 2, 17:

    bellum ascendit in rupes,

    id. 4, 12, 4:

    bellum serpit in proximos,

    id. 2, 9, 4; cf. id. 2, 2, 15:

    bella narrare,

    Cic. Or. 9, 30:

    canere bella,

    Quint. 10, 1, 91:

    bella legere,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 28.—
    3.
    As object denoting place or time.
    a.
    Proficisci ad bellum, to depart for the war.
    (α).
    Of the commander:

    consul sortitu ad bellum profectus,

    Cic. Phil. 14, 2, 4; cf. id. Cat. 1, 13, 33:

    ipse ad bellum Ambiorigis profectus,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 29, 4:

    ut duo ex tribunis ad bellum proficiscerentur,

    Liv. 4, 45, 7; cf. id. 6, 2, 9: Nep. Alcib. 4, 1; Sall. H. 2, 96 Dietsch. —Post-class.:

    in bellum,

    Just. 2, 11, 9; Gell. 17, 9, 8.—
    (β).
    Of persons partaking in a war:

    si proficiscerer ad bellum,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 1. —
    b.
    Ad bellum mittere, of the commander, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 17, 50; 21, 62.—
    c.
    In bella ruere, Verg. A. 7, 782; 9, 182:

    in bella sequi,

    id. ib. 8, 547.—
    d.
    Of time.
    (α).
    In the locative case belli, in war, during war; generally with domi ( = domi militiaeque):

    valete, judices justissimi, domi bellique duellatores,

    Plaut. Capt. prol. 68; so,

    domi duellique,

    id. As. 3, 2, 13 (v. I. supra):

    quibuscunque rebus vel belli vel domi poterunt rem publicam augeant,

    Cic. Off. 2, 24, 85:

    paucorum arbitrio belli domique agitabatur,

    Sall. J. 41, 7:

    animus belli ingens, domi modicus,

    id. ib. 63, 2; Liv. 2, 50, 11; 1, 36, 6; so id. 3, 43, 1; cf.:

    bello domique,

    id. 1, 34, 12:

    domi belloque,

    id. 9, 26, 21; and:

    neque bello, neque domi,

    id. 4, 35, 3.—Without domi:

    simul rem et gloriam armis belli repperi,

    Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 60 (where belli may be taken with gloriam; cf.

    Wagn. ad loc.): magnae res temporibus illis a fortissimis viris... belli gerebantur,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 32, 86.—
    (β).
    In bello or in bellis, during war or wars, in the war, in the wars; with adj.:

    ad haec quae in civili bello fecerit,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 19, 47; cf. id. ib. 14, 8, 22:

    in ipso bello eadem sensi,

    id. Marcell. 5, 14:

    in Volsco bello virtus enituit,

    Liv. 2, 24, 8:

    in eo bello,

    id. 23, 46, 6:

    in Punicis bellis, Plin.8, 14, 14, § 37: in bello Trojano,

    id. 30, 1, 2, § 5.—Without adj.:

    ut fit in bello, capitur alter filius,

    Plaut. Capt. prol. 25:

    qui in bello occiderunt,

    Cic. Fam. 9, 5, 2:

    quod in bello saepius vindicatum est in eos, etc.,

    Sall. C. 9, 4:

    non in bello solum, sed etiam in pace,

    Liv. 1, 15, 8; 2, 23, 2:

    in bello parta,

    Quint. 5, 10, 42; 12, 1, 28.—
    (γ).
    Abl. bello or bellis = in bello or in bellis (freq.); with adjj.: nos semper omnibus Punicis Siciliensibusque bellis amicitiam fidemque populi Romani secuti sumus. Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 47, § 124:

    bello Italico,

    id. Pis. 36, 87:

    Veienti bello,

    id. Div. 1, 44, 100:

    domestico bello,

    id. Planc. 29, 70:

    qui Volsco, Aurunco Sabinoque militassent bello,

    Liv. 23, 12, 11:

    victor tot intra paucos dies bellis,

    id. 2, 27, 1:

    nullo bello, multis tamen proeliis victus,

    id. 9, 18, 9:

    bello civili,

    Quint. 11, 1, 36.—With gen.:

    praesentiam saepe divi suam declarant, ut et apud Regillum bello Latinorum,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 2, 6:

    suam felicitatem Helvetiorum bello esse perspectam,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 40.—Without attrib.:

    qui etiam bello victis regibus regna reddere consuevit,

    Cic. Sest. 26, 57:

    res pace belloque gestas,

    Liv. 2, 1, 1:

    egregieque rebus bello gestis,

    id. 1, 33, 9; so id. 23, 12, 11:

    ludi bello voti,

    id. 4, 35. 3:

    princeps pace belloque,

    id. 7, 1, 9:

    Cotyn bello juvisse Persea,

    id. 45, 42, 7:

    bello parta,

    Quint. 5, 10, 15; cf. id. 7, 4, 22; Ov. M. 8, 19.—
    (δ).
    Inter bellum (rare):

    cujus originis morem necesse est... inter bellum natum esse,

    Liv. 2, 14, 2:

    inter haec bella consules... facti,

    id. 2, 63, 1.—
    4.
    Bellum in attributive connection.
    a.
    Justum bellum.
    (α).
    A righteous war, Cic. Off. 1, 11, 36 (v. II. A. 2. a. th supra):

    justum piumque bellum,

    Liv. 1, 23, 4:

    non loquor apud recusantem justa bella populum,

    id. 7, 30, 17; so Ov. M. 8, 58; cf.: illa injusta sunt bella quae sine causa suscepta sunt, Cic. Rep. 3, 23, 35.—
    (β).
    A regular war (opp. a raid, etc.):

    in fines Romanos excucurrerunt, populabundi magis quam justi more belli,

    Liv. 1, 15, 1.—
    b.
    For the different kinds of war: domesticum, civile, intestinum, externum, navale, maritimum, terra marique gestum, servile, sociale; v. hh. vv.—
    c.
    Belli eventus or exitus, the result of a war:

    quicunque belli eventus fuisset,

    Cic. Marcell. 8, 24:

    haud sane alio animo belli eventum exspectabant,

    Sall. C. 37, 9:

    eventus tamen belli minus miserabilem dimicationem fecit,

    Liv. 1, 23, 2; cf. id. 7, 11, 1:

    exitus hujus calamitosissimi belli,

    Cic. Fam. 6, 21, 1:

    cum esset incertus exitus et anceps fortuna belli,

    id. Marcell. 5, 15; so id. Off. 2, 8,:

    Britannici belli exitus exspectatur,

    id. Att. 4, 16, 13:

    cetera bella maximeque Veiens incerti exitus erant,

    Liv. 5, 16, 8.—
    d.
    Fortuna belli, the chances of war:

    adeo varia fortuna belli ancepsque Mars fuit ut,

    Liv. 21, 1, 2; cf. Cic. Marcell. 5, 15 (v. c. supra).—
    e.
    Belli artes, military skill:

    cuilibet superiorum regum belli pacisque et artibus et gloria par,

    Liv. 1, 35, 1:

    haud ignotas belli artes,

    id. 21, 1, 2:

    temperata et belli et pacis artibus erat civitas,

    id. 1, 21, 6.—
    f.
    Jus belli, the law of war: jura belli, the rights ( law) of war:

    in re publica maxime servanda sunt jura belli,

    Cic. Off. 1, 11, 34:

    sunt et belli sicut pacis jura,

    Liv. 5, 27, 6:

    jure belli res vindicatur,

    Gai. Inst. 3, 94.—
    g.
    Belli duces praestantissimos, the most excellent captains, generals, Cic. Or. 1, 2, 7:

    trium simul bellorum victor,

    a victor in three wars, Liv. 6, 4, 1 (cf.:

    victor tot bellis,

    id. 2, 27, 1). —
    h.
    Belli vulnera, Cic. Marcell. 8, 24.—
    B.
    Transf.
    1.
    Of things concr. and abstr.:

    qui parietibus, qui tectis, qui columnis ac postibus meis... bellum intulistis,

    Cic. Dom. 23, 60:

    bellum contra aras et focos,

    id. Phil. 3, 1, 1:

    miror cur philosophiae... bellum indixeris,

    id. Or. 2, 37, 155:

    ventri Indico bellum,

    Hor. S. 1, 5, 8.—
    2.
    Of animals:

    milvo est quoddam bellum quasi naturale cum corvo,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 49, 125:

    hanc Juno Esse jussit gruem, populisque suis indicere bellum,

    Ov. M. 6, 92.—
    3.
    With individuals:

    quid mihi opu'st... cum eis gerere bellum, etc.,

    Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 14:

    nihil turpius quam cum eo bellum gerere quicum familiariter vixeris,

    Cic. Lael. 21, 77:

    cum mihi uni cum improbis aeternum videam bellum susceptum,

    id. Sull. 9, 28:

    hoc tibi juventus Romana indicimus bellum,

    Liv. 2, 12, 11:

    falsum testem justo ac pio bello persequebatur,

    id. 3, 25, 3:

    tribunicium domi bellum patres territat,

    id. 3, 24, 1; cf. Plin. Ep. 1, 2, 57.—Ironically:

    equus Trojanus qui tot invictos viros muliebre bellum gerentes tulerit ac texerit,

    Cic. Cael. 28, 67.—
    4.
    In mal. part., Hor. C. 3, 26, 3; 4, 1, 2.—
    5.
    Personified as god of war ( = Janus):

    tabulas duas quae Belli faciem pictam habent,

    Plin. 35, 4, 10, § 27:

    sunt geminae Belli portae, etc.,

    Verg. A. 7, 607:

    mortiferumque averso in limine Bellum,

    id. ib. 6, 279.—
    6.
    Plur.: bella, army ( poet.):

    permanet Aonius Nereus violentus in undis, Bellaque non transfert (i.e. Graecorum exercitum),

    Ov. M. 12, 24:

    sed victae fera bella deae vexere per aequora,

    Sil. 7, 472:

    quid faciat bellis obsessus et undis?

    Stat. Th. 9, 490.—
    7.
    Battle, = proelium:

    rorarii dicti a rore: qui bellum committebant ante,

    Varr. L. L. 7, 3, 92:

    quod in bello saepius vindicatum in eos qui... tardius, revocati, bello excesserant,

    Sall. C. 9, 4:

    praecipua laus ejus belli penes consules fuit,

    Liv. 8, 10, 7:

    commisso statim bello,

    Front. Strat. 1, 11, 2:

    Actia bella,

    Verg. A. 8, 675:

    ingentem pugnam, ceu cetera nusquam Bella forent,

    id. ib. 2, 439; cf. Flor. 3, 5, 11; Just. 2, 12; 18, 1 fin.; 24, 8; Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 98 (form duellum); Ov. H. 1, 1, 69; Verg. A. 8, 547; 12, 390; 12, 633; Stat. Th. 3, 666. —
    8.
    Bellum = liber de bello:

    quam gaudebat Bello suo Punico Naevius!

    Cic. Sen. 14, 50.
    b.
    Referring to the carrying on of the war: bellum gerere, to carry on a war; absol., with cum and abl., per and acc., or in and abl. (cf.:

    bellum gerere in aliquem, 1. a. and f. supra): nisi forte ego vobis... cessare nunc videor cum bella non gero,

    Cic. Sen. 6, 18:

    cum Celtiberis, cum Cimbris bellum ut cum inimicis gerebatur,

    id. Off. 1, 12, 38:

    cum ei bellum ut cum rege Perse gereret obtigisset,

    id. Div. 1, 46, 103:

    erant hae difficultates belli gerendi,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 10:

    bellum cum Germanis gerere constituit,

    id. ib. 4, 6:

    Cn. Pompeius in extremis terris bellum gerebat,

    Sall. C. 16, 5:

    bellum quod Hannibale duce Carthaginienses cum populo Romano gessere,

    Liv. 21, 1, 1:

    alter consul in Sabinis bellum gessit,

    id. 2, 62, 3:

    de exercitibus per quos id bellum gereretur,

    id. 23, 25, 5:

    Chabrias bella in Aegypto sua sponte gessit,

    Nep. Chabr, 2, 1.—Sometimes bellum administrare only of the commander, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 15, 43; Nep. Chabr. 2, 1. —Also (very rare):

    bellum bellare,

    Liv. 8, 40, 1 (but belligerantes is absol., Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38; Ann. v. 201 Vahl.);

    in the same sense: bellum agere,

    Nep. Hann. 8, 3. —As a synonym:

    bello persequi aliquem,

    Nep. Con. 4, 1; cf. Liv. 3, 25, 3.—
    (β).
    Trahere or ducere bellum, to protract a war:

    necesse est enim aut trahi id bellum, aut, etc.,

    Cic. Att. 10, 8, 2:

    bellum trahi non posse,

    Sall. J. 23, 2:

    belli trahendi causa,

    Liv. 5, 11, 8:

    morae qua trahebant bellum paenitebat,

    id. 9, 27, 5:

    suadere institui ut bellum duceret,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 2:

    bellum enim ducetur,

    id. ad Brut. 1, 18, 6; Nep. Alcib. 8, 1; id. Dat. 8, 4;

    similarly: cum his molliter et per dilationes bellum geri oportet?

    Liv. 5, 5, 1.—
    (γ).
    Bellum repellere, defendere, or propulsare, to ward off, defend one ' s self against a war:

    bellum Gallicum C. Caesare imperatore gestum est, antea tantummodo repulsum,

    Cic. Prov. Cons. 13, 32:

    quod bellum non intulerit sed defenderit,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 44:

    Samnitium vix a se ipsis eo tempore propulsantium bellum,

    Liv. 8, 37, 5.—
    c.
    Referring to the end of a war.
    (α).
    Bellum deponere, ponere, or omittere, to give up, discontinue a war:

    in quo (i.e. bello) et gerendo et deponendo jus ut plurimum valeret lege sanximus,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 14, 34:

    (bellum) cum deponi victores velint,

    Sall. J. 83, 1:

    bellum decem ferme annis ante depositum erat,

    Liv. 31, 1, 8:

    nos depositum a vobis bellum et ipsi omisimus,

    id. 31, 31, 19:

    dicit posse condicionibus bellum poni,

    Sall. J. 112, 1:

    bellum grave cum Etruria positum est,

    id. H. Fragm. 1, 9 Dietsch:

    velut posito bello,

    Liv. 1, 53, 5:

    manere bellum quod positum simuletur,

    id. 1, 53, 7:

    posito ubique bello,

    Tac. H. 2, 52; cf. Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 93; Verg. A. 1, 291:

    omisso Romano bello Porsinna filium Arruntem Ariciam... mittit,

    Liv. 2, 14, 5.—
    (β).
    Bellum componere, to end a war by agreement, make peace:

    timerent ne bellum componeretur,

    Cic. Fam. 10, 33, 3:

    si bellum compositum foret,

    Sall. J. 97, 2:

    belli componendi licentiam,

    id. ib. 103, 3; cf. Nep. Ham. 1, 5; id. Hann. 6, 2; id. Alcib. 8, 3; Verg. A. 12, 109;

    similarly: bellum sedare,

    Nep. Dat. 8, 5.—
    (γ).
    Bellum conficere, perficere, finire, to finish, end a war; conficere (the most usual term) and perficere, = to finish a war by conquering; finire (rare), without implying success:

    is bellum confecerit qui Antonium oppresserit,

    Cic. Fam. 11, 12, 2:

    bellumque maximum conficies,

    id. Rep. 6, 11, 11:

    confecto Mithridatico bello,

    id. Prov. Cons. 11, 27; cf. id. Fam. 5, 10, 3; id. Imp. Pomp. 14, 42:

    quo proelio... bellum Venetorum confectum est,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 16; cf. id. ib. 1, 30; 1, 44; 1, 54; 3, 28;

    4, 16: bello confecto de Rhodiis consultum est,

    Sall. C. 51, 5; cf. id. J. 36, 1; 114, 3:

    neminem nisi bello confecto pecuniam petiturum esse,

    Liv. 24, 18, 11; cf. id. 21, 40, 11; 23, 6, 2; 31, 47, 4; 32, 32, 6;

    36, 2, 3: bello perfecto,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 18, 5; Liv. 1, 38, 3:

    se quo die hostem vidisset perfecturum (i. e. bellum),

    id. 22, 38, 7; 31, 4, 2; cf. id. 3, 24, 1; 34, 6, 12; Just. 5, 2, 11:

    neque desiturum ante... quam finitum aliqua tolerabili condicione bellum videro,

    Liv. 23, 12, 10: finito ex maxima parte.. [p. 228] italico bello, Vell. 2, 17, 1; Curt. 3, 1, 9; Tac. A. 15, 17; Just. 16, 2, 6; 24, 1, 8; Verg. A. 11, 116.—
    d.
    Less usual connections:

    bellum delere: non modo praesentia sed etiam futura bella delevit,

    Cic. Lael. 3, 11; cf. Nep. Alcib. 8, 4:

    alere ac fovere bellum,

    Liv. 42, 11, 5:

    bellum navare alicui,

    Tac. H. 5, 25:

    spargere,

    id. A. 3, 21; id. Agr. 38; Luc. 2, 682:

    serere,

    Liv. 21, 10, 4:

    circumferre,

    Tac. A. 13, 37:

    exercere,

    id. ib. 6, 31:

    quam celeriter belli impetus navigavit ( = quam celeriter navale bellum gestum est),

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, 34; so Flor. 2, 2, 17:

    bellum ascendit in rupes,

    id. 4, 12, 4:

    bellum serpit in proximos,

    id. 2, 9, 4; cf. id. 2, 2, 15:

    bella narrare,

    Cic. Or. 9, 30:

    canere bella,

    Quint. 10, 1, 91:

    bella legere,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 28.—
    3.
    As object denoting place or time.
    a.
    Proficisci ad bellum, to depart for the war.
    (α).
    Of the commander:

    consul sortitu ad bellum profectus,

    Cic. Phil. 14, 2, 4; cf. id. Cat. 1, 13, 33:

    ipse ad bellum Ambiorigis profectus,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 29, 4:

    ut duo ex tribunis ad bellum proficiscerentur,

    Liv. 4, 45, 7; cf. id. 6, 2, 9: Nep. Alcib. 4, 1; Sall. H. 2, 96 Dietsch. —Post-class.:

    in bellum,

    Just. 2, 11, 9; Gell. 17, 9, 8.—
    (β).
    Of persons partaking in a war:

    si proficiscerer ad bellum,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 1. —
    b.
    Ad bellum mittere, of the commander, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 17, 50; 21, 62.—
    c.
    In bella ruere, Verg. A. 7, 782; 9, 182:

    in bella sequi,

    id. ib. 8, 547.—
    d.
    Of time.
    (α).
    In the locative case belli, in war, during war; generally with domi ( = domi militiaeque):

    valete, judices justissimi, domi bellique duellatores,

    Plaut. Capt. prol. 68; so,

    domi duellique,

    id. As. 3, 2, 13 (v. I. supra):

    quibuscunque rebus vel belli vel domi poterunt rem publicam augeant,

    Cic. Off. 2, 24, 85:

    paucorum arbitrio belli domique agitabatur,

    Sall. J. 41, 7:

    animus belli ingens, domi modicus,

    id. ib. 63, 2; Liv. 2, 50, 11; 1, 36, 6; so id. 3, 43, 1; cf.:

    bello domique,

    id. 1, 34, 12:

    domi belloque,

    id. 9, 26, 21; and:

    neque bello, neque domi,

    id. 4, 35, 3.—Without domi:

    simul rem et gloriam armis belli repperi,

    Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 60 (where belli may be taken with gloriam; cf.

    Wagn. ad loc.): magnae res temporibus illis a fortissimis viris... belli gerebantur,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 32, 86.—
    (β).
    In bello or in bellis, during war or wars, in the war, in the wars; with adj.:

    ad haec quae in civili bello fecerit,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 19, 47; cf. id. ib. 14, 8, 22:

    in ipso bello eadem sensi,

    id. Marcell. 5, 14:

    in Volsco bello virtus enituit,

    Liv. 2, 24, 8:

    in eo bello,

    id. 23, 46, 6:

    in Punicis bellis, Plin.8, 14, 14, § 37: in bello Trojano,

    id. 30, 1, 2, § 5.—Without adj.:

    ut fit in bello, capitur alter filius,

    Plaut. Capt. prol. 25:

    qui in bello occiderunt,

    Cic. Fam. 9, 5, 2:

    quod in bello saepius vindicatum est in eos, etc.,

    Sall. C. 9, 4:

    non in bello solum, sed etiam in pace,

    Liv. 1, 15, 8; 2, 23, 2:

    in bello parta,

    Quint. 5, 10, 42; 12, 1, 28.—
    (γ).
    Abl. bello or bellis = in bello or in bellis (freq.); with adjj.: nos semper omnibus Punicis Siciliensibusque bellis amicitiam fidemque populi Romani secuti sumus. Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 47, § 124:

    bello Italico,

    id. Pis. 36, 87:

    Veienti bello,

    id. Div. 1, 44, 100:

    domestico bello,

    id. Planc. 29, 70:

    qui Volsco, Aurunco Sabinoque militassent bello,

    Liv. 23, 12, 11:

    victor tot intra paucos dies bellis,

    id. 2, 27, 1:

    nullo bello, multis tamen proeliis victus,

    id. 9, 18, 9:

    bello civili,

    Quint. 11, 1, 36.—With gen.:

    praesentiam saepe divi suam declarant, ut et apud Regillum bello Latinorum,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 2, 6:

    suam felicitatem Helvetiorum bello esse perspectam,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 40.—Without attrib.:

    qui etiam bello victis regibus regna reddere consuevit,

    Cic. Sest. 26, 57:

    res pace belloque gestas,

    Liv. 2, 1, 1:

    egregieque rebus bello gestis,

    id. 1, 33, 9; so id. 23, 12, 11:

    ludi bello voti,

    id. 4, 35. 3:

    princeps pace belloque,

    id. 7, 1, 9:

    Cotyn bello juvisse Persea,

    id. 45, 42, 7:

    bello parta,

    Quint. 5, 10, 15; cf. id. 7, 4, 22; Ov. M. 8, 19.—
    (δ).
    Inter bellum (rare):

    cujus originis morem necesse est... inter bellum natum esse,

    Liv. 2, 14, 2:

    inter haec bella consules... facti,

    id. 2, 63, 1.—
    4.
    Bellum in attributive connection.
    a.
    Justum bellum.
    (α).
    A righteous war, Cic. Off. 1, 11, 36 (v. II. A. 2. a. th supra):

    justum piumque bellum,

    Liv. 1, 23, 4:

    non loquor apud recusantem justa bella populum,

    id. 7, 30, 17; so Ov. M. 8, 58; cf.: illa injusta sunt bella quae sine causa suscepta sunt, Cic. Rep. 3, 23, 35.—
    (β).
    A regular war (opp. a raid, etc.):

    in fines Romanos excucurrerunt, populabundi magis quam justi more belli,

    Liv. 1, 15, 1.—
    b.
    For the different kinds of war: domesticum, civile, intestinum, externum, navale, maritimum, terra marique gestum, servile, sociale; v. hh. vv.—
    c.
    Belli eventus or exitus, the result of a war:

    quicunque belli eventus fuisset,

    Cic. Marcell. 8, 24:

    haud sane alio animo belli eventum exspectabant,

    Sall. C. 37, 9:

    eventus tamen belli minus miserabilem dimicationem fecit,

    Liv. 1, 23, 2; cf. id. 7, 11, 1:

    exitus hujus calamitosissimi belli,

    Cic. Fam. 6, 21, 1:

    cum esset incertus exitus et anceps fortuna belli,

    id. Marcell. 5, 15; so id. Off. 2, 8,:

    Britannici belli exitus exspectatur,

    id. Att. 4, 16, 13:

    cetera bella maximeque Veiens incerti exitus erant,

    Liv. 5, 16, 8.—
    d.
    Fortuna belli, the chances of war:

    adeo varia fortuna belli ancepsque Mars fuit ut,

    Liv. 21, 1, 2; cf. Cic. Marcell. 5, 15 (v. c. supra).—
    e.
    Belli artes, military skill:

    cuilibet superiorum regum belli pacisque et artibus et gloria par,

    Liv. 1, 35, 1:

    haud ignotas belli artes,

    id. 21, 1, 2:

    temperata et belli et pacis artibus erat civitas,

    id. 1, 21, 6.—
    f.
    Jus belli, the law of war: jura belli, the rights ( law) of war:

    in re publica maxime servanda sunt jura belli,

    Cic. Off. 1, 11, 34:

    sunt et belli sicut pacis jura,

    Liv. 5, 27, 6:

    jure belli res vindicatur,

    Gai. Inst. 3, 94.—
    g.
    Belli duces praestantissimos, the most excellent captains, generals, Cic. Or. 1, 2, 7:

    trium simul bellorum victor,

    a victor in three wars, Liv. 6, 4, 1 (cf.:

    victor tot bellis,

    id. 2, 27, 1). —
    h.
    Belli vulnera, Cic. Marcell. 8, 24.—
    B.
    Transf.
    1.
    Of things concr. and abstr.:

    qui parietibus, qui tectis, qui columnis ac postibus meis... bellum intulistis,

    Cic. Dom. 23, 60:

    bellum contra aras et focos,

    id. Phil. 3, 1, 1:

    miror cur philosophiae... bellum indixeris,

    id. Or. 2, 37, 155:

    ventri Indico bellum,

    Hor. S. 1, 5, 8.—
    2.
    Of animals:

    milvo est quoddam bellum quasi naturale cum corvo,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 49, 125:

    hanc Juno Esse jussit gruem, populisque suis indicere bellum,

    Ov. M. 6, 92.—
    3.
    With individuals:

    quid mihi opu'st... cum eis gerere bellum, etc.,

    Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 14:

    nihil turpius quam cum eo bellum gerere quicum familiariter vixeris,

    Cic. Lael. 21, 77:

    cum mihi uni cum improbis aeternum videam bellum susceptum,

    id. Sull. 9, 28:

    hoc tibi juventus Romana indicimus bellum,

    Liv. 2, 12, 11:

    falsum testem justo ac pio bello persequebatur,

    id. 3, 25, 3:

    tribunicium domi bellum patres territat,

    id. 3, 24, 1; cf. Plin. Ep. 1, 2, 57.—Ironically:

    equus Trojanus qui tot invictos viros muliebre bellum gerentes tulerit ac texerit,

    Cic. Cael. 28, 67.—
    4.
    In mal. part., Hor. C. 3, 26, 3; 4, 1, 2.—
    5.
    Personified as god of war ( = Janus):

    tabulas duas quae Belli faciem pictam habent,

    Plin. 35, 4, 10, § 27:

    sunt geminae Belli portae, etc.,

    Verg. A. 7, 607:

    mortiferumque averso in limine Bellum,

    id. ib. 6, 279.—
    6.
    Plur.: bella, army ( poet.):

    permanet Aonius Nereus violentus in undis, Bellaque non transfert (i.e. Graecorum exercitum),

    Ov. M. 12, 24:

    sed victae fera bella deae vexere per aequora,

    Sil. 7, 472:

    quid faciat bellis obsessus et undis?

    Stat. Th. 9, 490.—
    7.
    Battle, = proelium:

    rorarii dicti a rore: qui bellum committebant ante,

    Varr. L. L. 7, 3, 92:

    quod in bello saepius vindicatum in eos qui... tardius, revocati, bello excesserant,

    Sall. C. 9, 4:

    praecipua laus ejus belli penes consules fuit,

    Liv. 8, 10, 7:

    commisso statim bello,

    Front. Strat. 1, 11, 2:

    Actia bella,

    Verg. A. 8, 675:

    ingentem pugnam, ceu cetera nusquam Bella forent,

    id. ib. 2, 439; cf. Flor. 3, 5, 11; Just. 2, 12; 18, 1 fin.; 24, 8; Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 98 (form duellum); Ov. H. 1, 1, 69; Verg. A. 8, 547; 12, 390; 12, 633; Stat. Th. 3, 666. —
    8.
    Bellum = liber de bello:

    quam gaudebat Bello suo Punico Naevius!

    Cic. Sen. 14, 50.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > bellum

  • 17 deinceps

    dĕin-ceps (dissyl., Hor. S. 2, 8, 80; but trisyl. Prud. Cath. 7, 136. Cf. dehinc and deinde), adj. and adv. [capio. Prop., taking place next or after, v. Corss. Ausspr. 2, 591; cf.: particeps, princeps].
    I.
    Adj. ( gen. deincipis or deincipitis), following thereafter, next following: deinceps qui deinde cepit, ut princeps qui primum cepit, Paul. ex Fest. p. 71, 2 Müll.; cf.:

    deincipem antiqui dicebant proxime quemque captum ut principem primum captum,

    ib. 75, 4. So only: deincipiti die, Ap. Flor. no. 16, p. 353, 33.—
    II.
    Adv., in a constant series, one after another, successively, in turn, = hexês or ephexês (for syn. cf.: deinde, exinde, inde, indidem, post, postea, porro—freq. and good prose).
    A.
    In space:

    arboribus deinceps constitutis,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 14, 2:

    his (saxis) collocatis et coagmentatis alius insuper ordo adicitur, etc.... sic deinceps omne opus contexitur,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 23, 4; cf. id. B. C. 1, 25, 8: ea quae akrostichis dicitur, cum deinceps ex primis versuum litteris aliquid conectitur, Cic. Div. 2, 54, 111; cf. id. de Or. 3, 47, 183:

    prima... ac deinceps,

    Sall. J. 19, 3.—
    B.
    In time:

    duo deinceps reges civitatem auxerunt,

    Liv. 1, 21:

    ut deinceps qui accubarent canerent ad tibiam clarorum virorum laudes,

    Cic. Tusc. 4, 2, 3:

    trīs fratres, quos video deinceps tribunos plebis per triennium fore,

    id. Fam. 2, 18, 2; cf. Liv. 6, 5:

    clamore significant, hunc alii deinceps excipiunt, etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 3.—Esp. freq. with alii, reliqui, multi, omnes, totus:

    stationes dispositas haberent atque alios alii deinceps exciperent,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 16 fin.; cf. Cic. Rep. 1, 37; 6, 21:

    receperunt Arverni eum deincepsque aliae gentes,

    Liv. 27, 39; 29, 3; 29, 14 et saep.:

    reliquis deinceps diebus Caesar silvas caedere instituit,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 29; cf. id. ib. 5, 40, 4; 7, 23; id. B. C. 3, 56:

    possum deinceps totam rem explicare, deinde ad extremum, etc.,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 10, § 28; Col. 2, 4, 3.—
    C.
    In order.
    (α).
    With ordinals (rare):

    septimus sum deinceps praetorius in gente nostra,

    the seventh in succession, Varr. R. R. 2, 4, 2; cf. Quint. 12, 8, 15.—
    (β).
    In denoting the successive parts of a discourse:

    de justitia satis dictum est: deinceps, ut erat propositum, de beneficentia ac de liberalitate dicatur, i. e. ordine sic ferente,

    successively, in order, Cic. Off. 1, 14, 42; cf. id. ib. 2, 15, 52; 3, 2, 7.—
    (γ).
    To indicate an immediate sequence:

    si non ab eo, in quo proxime desitum, deinceps incipietur,

    id. Inv. 1, 20, 28; cf. id. Ac. 2, 14, 46:

    annales Ennii ut deinceps legi possint,

    that they may be read on continuously, id. N. D. 2, 37, 93; Auct. Her. 1, 9, 14. In this use deinceps is often very nearly = deinde, Cic. Phil. 4, 4, 8; Liv. 44, 31, 1 al. —
    2.
    In particular combinations.
    a.
    Deinde deinceps, inde deinceps, postea deinceps, Gr. epeita hexês:

    deinde etiam deinceps posteris prodebatur,

    Cic. Leg. 3, 2, 4; cf. id. ib. 3, 19, 43; Liv. 2, 47; Auct. Her. 3, 18:

    deinceps inde multae, quas non minus diligenter elaboratas... afferebamus,

    Cic. Brut. 90, 312; so,

    deinceps inde,

    Liv. 5, 37:

    inde deinceps,

    id. 1, 44:

    aequitate sua postea trium regum bellis deinceps omnibus functum officiis,

    id. 45, 14. —
    b.
    Corresp. with primus: primum est officium, ut se conservet in naturae statu:

    deinceps, ut ea teneat, quae, etc.,

    Cic. Fin. 3, 6, 20; cf.:

    principes sint patria et parentes... proximi liberi totaque domus... deinceps bene convenientes propinqui,

    id. Off. 1, 17, 58, and Tac. H. 1, 48.—
    c.
    Hence, after enumerations, in phrases like Eng. and so forth:

    ut prima (officia) diis immortalibus, secunda patriae, tertia parentibus, deinceps gradatim reliqua reliquis debeantur,

    and so on Cic. Off. 1, 45, 160; cf.:

    nam et in prooemio primum est aliquid et secundum ac deinceps,

    Quint. 7, 10, 5; Tac. A. 1, 81; cf. Cic. Div. 1, 30, 64:

    et deinceps, ac deinceps,

    and so forth, Just. Inst. 1, 12, 6 al. —
    d.
    Perge deinceps, go on, Varr. R. R. 3, 8, 1:

    gallinae villaticae sunt, quas deinceps rure habent in villis,

    continually, id. ib. 3, 9, 2; cf. Hand, Turs. II. p. 232-238.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > deinceps

  • 18 dico

    1.
    dĭco, āvi, ātum, 1 (dixe for dixisse, Val. Ant. ap. Arn. 5, 1; DICASSIT dixerit, Paul. ex Fest. p. 75, 15; rather = dicaverit), v. a. [orig. the same word with 2. dīco; cf. the meaning of abdĭco and abdīco, of indĭco and indīco, dedĭco, no. II. A. al., Corss. Ausspr. 1, 380].
    I.
    To proclaim, make known. So perh. only in the foll. passage: pugnam, Lucil. ap. Non. 287, 30.—Far more freq.,
    II.
    Relig. t. t., to dedicate, consecrate, devote any thing to a deity or to a deified person (for syn. cf.: dedico, consecro, inauguro).
    A.
    Prop.: et me dicabo atque animam devotabo hostibus, Att. ap. Non. 98, 12:

    donum tibi (sc. Jovi) dicatum atque promissum,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 72; cf.:

    ara condita atque dicata,

    Liv. 1, 7 (for which aram condidit dedicavitque, id. 28, 46 fin.); so,

    aram,

    id. 1, 7; 1, 20:

    capitolium, templum Jovis O. M.,

    id. 22, 38 fin.:

    templa,

    Ov. F. 1, 610:

    delubrum ex manubiis,

    Plin. 7, 26, 27, § 97:

    lychnuchum Apollini,

    id. 34, 3, 8, § 14:

    statuas Olympiae,

    id. 34, 4, 9, § 16:

    vehiculum,

    Tac. G. 40:

    carmen Veneri,

    Plin. 37, 10, 66, § 178; cf. Suet. Ner. 10 fin. et saep.:

    cygni Apollini dicati,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 30, 73.—
    2.
    With a personal object, to consecrate, to deify (cf. dedico, no. II. A. b.):

    Janus geminus a Numa dicatus,

    Plin. 34, 7, 16, § 34:

    inter numina dicatus Augustus,

    Tac. A. 1, 59.—
    B.
    Transf., beyond the relig. sphere.
    1.
    To give up, set apart, appropriate a thing to any one: recita;

    aurium operam tibi dico,

    Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 72; so,

    operam,

    id. Ps. 1, 5, 147; Ter. Ph. 1, 2, 12:

    hunc totum diem tibi,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 3, 7:

    tuum studium meae laudi,

    id. Fam. 2, 6, 4:

    genus (orationis) epidicticum gymnasiis et palaestrae,

    id. Or. 13, 42:

    librum Maecenati,

    Plin. 19, 10, 57, § 177; cf.:

    librum laudibus ptisanae,

    id. 18, 7, 15, § 75 al.:

    (Deïopeam) conubio jungam stabili propriamque dicabo,

    Verg. A. 1, 73; cf. the same verse, ib. 4, 126:

    se Crasso,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 3, 11; cf.: se Remis in clientelam, * Caes. B. G. 6, 12, 7:

    se alii civitati,

    to become a free denizen of it, Cic. Balb. 11, 28;

    for which: se in aliam civitatem,

    id. ib. 12 fin.
    * 2.
    (I. q. dedico, no. II. A.) To consecrate a thing by using it for the first time:

    nova signa novamque aquilam,

    Tac. H. 5, 16.— Hence, dĭcātus, a, um, P. a. (acc. to no. II.), devoted, consecrated, dedicated:

    loca Christo dedicatissima, August. Civ. Dei, 3, 31: CONSTANTINO AETERNO AVGVSTO ARRIVS DIOTIMVS... N. M. Q. (i. e. numini majestatique) EIVS DICATISSIMVS,

    Inscr. Orell. 1083.
    2.
    dīco, xi, ctum, 3 ( praes. DEICO, Inscr. Orell. 4848; imp. usu. dic; cf. duc, fac, fer, from duco, etc., DEICVNTO, and perf. DEIXSERINT, P. C. de Therm. ib. 3673; imp. dice, Naev. ap. Fest. p. 298, 29 Müll.; Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 109; id. Bac. 4, 4, 65; id. Merc. 1, 2, 47 al.; cf. Quint. 1, 6, 21; fut. dicem = dicam, Cato ap. Quint. 1, 7, 23; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 72, 6 Müll.—Another form of the future is dicebo, Novius ap. Non. 507 (Com. v. 8 Rib.). — Perf. sync.:

    dixti,

    Plaut. As. 4, 2, 14; id. Trin. 2, 4, 155; id. Mil. 2, 4, 12 et saep.; Ter. And. 3, 1, 1; 3, 2, 38; id. Heaut. 2, 3, 100 et saep.; Cic. Fin. 2, 3, 10; id. N. D. 3, 9, 23; id. Caecin. 29, 82; acc. to Quint. 9, 3, 22.— Perf. subj.:

    dixis,

    Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 46; Caecil. ap. Gell. 7, 17 fin.:

    dixem = dixissem,

    Plaut. Pseud. 1, 5, 84; inf. dixe = dix isse, Plaut. Fragm. ap. Non. 105, 23; Varr. ib. 451, 16; Arn. init.; Aus. Sept. Sap. de Cleob. 8; inf. praes. pass. dicier, Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 32; Vatin. in Cic. Fam. 5, 9 al.), v. a. [root DIC = DEIK in deiknumi; lit., to show; cf. dikê, and Lat. dicis, ju-dex, dicio], to say, tell, mention, relate, affirm, declare, state; to mean, intend (for syn. cf.: for, loquor, verba facio, dicto, dictito, oro, inquam, aio, fabulor, concionor, pronuntio, praedico, recito, declamo, affirmo, assevero, contendo; also, nomino, voco, alloquor, designo, nuncupo; also, decerno, jubeo, statuo, etc.; cf. also, nego.—The person addressed is usually put in dat., v. the foll.: dicere ad aliquem, in eccl. Lat., stands for the Gr. eipein pros tina, Vulg. Luc. 2, 34 al.; cf. infra I. B. 2. g).
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen.:

    Amphitruonis socium nae me esse volui dicere,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 228:

    advenisse familiarem dicito,

    id. ib. 1, 1, 197:

    haec uti sunt facta ero dicam,

    id. ib. 1, 1, 304; cf. ib. 2, 1, 23:

    signi dic quid est?

    id. ib. 1, 1, 265:

    si dixero mendacium,

    id. ib. 1, 1, 43; cf.

    opp. vera dico,

    id. ib. 1, 1, 238 al.:

    quo facto aut dicto adest opus,

    id. ib. 1, 1, 15; cf.:

    dictu opus est,

    Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 68:

    nihil est dictu facilius,

    id. Phorm. 2, 1, 70:

    turpe dictu,

    id. Ad. 2, 4, 11:

    indignis si male dicitur, bene dictum id esse dico,

    Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 27:

    ille, quem dixi,

    whom I have mentioned, named, Cic. de Or. 3, 12, 45 et saep.: vel dicam = vel potius, or rather:

    stuporem hominis vel dicam pecudis attendite,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 12, 30; cf.:

    mihi placebat Pomponius maxime vel dicam minime displicebat,

    id. Brut. 57, 207; so id. ib. 70, 246; id. Fam. 4, 7, 3 al.—
    b.
    Dicitur, dicebatur, dictum est, impers. with acc. and inf., it is said, related, maintained, etc.; or, they say, affirm, etc.: de hoc (sc. Diodoro) Verri dicitur, habere eum, etc., it is reported to Verres that, etc., Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 18:

    non sine causa dicitur, ad ea referri omnes nostras cogitationes,

    id. Fin. 3, 18, 60; so,

    dicitur,

    Nep. Paus. 5, 3; Quint. 5, 7, 33; 7, 2, 44; Ov. F. 4, 508:

    Titum multo apud patrem sermone orasse dicebatur, ne, etc.,

    Tac. H. 4, 52; so,

    dicebatur,

    id. A. 1, 10:

    in hac habitasse platea dictum'st Chrysidem,

    Ter. And. 4, 5, 1:

    dictum est,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 1, 5; Liv. 38, 56; Quint. 6, 1, 27:

    ut pulsis hostibus dici posset, eos, etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 46, 3. Cf. also: hoc, illud dicitur, with acc. and inf., Cic. Fin. 5, 24, 72; id. de Or. 1, 33, 150; Quint. 4, 2, 91; 11, 3, 177 al. —Esp. in histt. in reference to what has been previously related:

    ut supra dictum est,

    Sall. J. 96, 1:

    sicut ante dictum est,

    Nep. Dion. 9, 5; cf. Curt. 3, 7, 7; 5, 1, 11; 8, 6, 2 et saep.—
    c.
    (See Zumpt, Gram. § 607.) Dicor, diceris, dicitur, with nom. and inf., it is said that I, thou, he, etc.; or, they say that I, thou, etc.:

    ut nos dicamur duo omnium dignissimi esse,

    Plaut. As. 2, 2, 47: cf. Quint. 4, 4, 6:

    dicar Princeps Aeolium carmen ad Italos Deduxisse modos,

    Hor. Od. 3, 30, 10 al.:

    illi socius esse diceris,

    Plaut. Rud. 1, 2, 72: aedes Demaenetus ubi [p. 571] dicitur habitare, id. As. 2, 3, 2:

    qui (Pisistratus) primus Homeri libros confusos antea sic disposuisse dicitur, ut nunc habemus,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 34, 137 et saep.:

    quot annos nata dicitur?

    Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 89:

    is nunc dicitur venturus peregre,

    id. Truc. 1, 1, 66 et saep. In a double construction, with nom. and inf., and acc. and inf. (acc. to no. b. and c.): petisse dicitur major Titius... idque ab eis facile (sc. eum) impetrasse, Auct. B. Afr. 28 fin.; so Suet. Oth. 7.—
    d.
    Dictum ac factum or dictum factum (Gr. hama epos hama ergon), in colloq. lang., no sooner said than done, without delay, Ter. And. 2, 3, 7:

    dictum ac factum reddidi,

    it was "said and done" with me, id. Heaut. 4, 5, 12; 5, 1, 31; cf.:

    dicto citius,

    Verg. A. 1, 142; Hor. S. 2, 2, 80; and:

    dicto prope citius,

    Liv. 23, 47, 6.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    Pregn.
    a.
    To assert, affirm a thing as certain (opp. nego):

    quem esse negas, eundem esse dicis,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 6, 12; cf.:

    dicebant, ego negabam,

    id. Fam. 3, 8, 5; and:

    quibus creditum non sit negantibus, iisdem credatur dicentibus?

    id. Rab. Post. 12, 35.—
    b.
    For dico with a negative, nego is used, q. v.; cf. Zumpt, Gram. § 799;

    but: dicere nihil esse pulchrius, etc.,

    Liv. 30, 12, 6; 21, 9, 3 Fabri; so,

    freq. in Liv. when the negation precedes,

    id. 30, 22, 5; 23, 10, 13 al.; cf. Krebs, Antibar. p. 355.—
    2.
    dico is often inserted parenthetically, to give emphasis to an apposition:

    utinam C. Caesari, patri, dico adulescenti contigisset, etc.,

    Cic. Phil. 5, 18, 49; id. Tusc. 5, 36, 105; id. Planc. 12, 30; Quint. 9, 2, 83; cf. Cic. Or. 58, 197; id. Tusc. 4, 16, 36; Sen. Ep. 14, 6; id. Vit. Beat. 15, 6; Quint. 1, 6, 24:

    ille mihi praesidium dederat, cum dico mihi, senatui dico populoque Romano,

    Cic. Phil. 11, 8, 20; Sen. Ep. 83, 12; Plin. Ep. 2, 20, 2; 3, 2, 2.—
    3.
    In rhetor. and jurid. lang., to pronounce, deliver, rehearse, speak any thing.
    (α).
    With acc.:

    oratio dicta de scripto,

    Cic. Planc. 30 fin.; cf.:

    sententiam de scripto,

    id. Att. 4, 3, 3:

    controversias,

    Quint. 3, 8, 51; 9, 2, 77:

    prooemium ac narrationem et argumenta,

    id. 2, 20, 10:

    exordia,

    id. 11, 3, 161:

    theses et communes locos,

    id. 2, 1, 9:

    materias,

    id. 2, 4, 41:

    versus,

    Cic. Or. 56, 189; Quint. 6, 3, 86:

    causam, of the defendant or his attorney,

    to make a defensive speech, to plead in defence, Cic. Rosc. Am. 5; id. Quint. 8; id. Sest. 8; Quint. 5, 11, 39; 7, 4, 3; 8, 2, 24 al.; cf.

    causas (said of the attorney),

    Cic. de Or. 1, 2, 5; 2, 8, 32 al.:

    jus,

    to pronounce judgment, id. Fl. 3; id. Fam. 13, 14; hence the praetor's formula: DO, DICO, ADDICO; v. do, etc.—
    (β).
    With ad and acc. pers., to plead before a person or tribunal:

    ad unum judicem,

    Cic. Opt. Gen. 4, 10:

    ad quos? ad me, si idoneus videor qui judicem, etc.,

    id. Verr. 2, 2, 29, § 72; Liv. 3, 41.—
    (γ).
    With ad and acc. of thing, to speak in reference to, in reply to:

    non audeo ad ista dicere,

    Cic. Tusc. 3, 32, 78; id. Rep. 1, 18, 30.—
    (δ).
    Absol.:

    nec idem loqui, quod dicere,

    Cic. Or. 32:

    est oratoris proprium, apte, distincte, ornate dicere,

    id. Off. 1, 1, 2; so,

    de aliqua re pro aliquo, contra aliquem, etc., innumerable times in Cic. and Quint.: dixi, the t. t. at the end of a speech,

    I have done, Cic. Verr. 1 fin. Ascon. and Zumpt, a. h. 1.;

    thus, dixerunt, the t. t. by which the praeco pronounced the speeches of the parties to be finished,

    Quint. 1, 5, 43; cf. Spald. ad Quint. 6, 4, 7.— Transf. beyond the judicial sphere:

    causam nullam or causam haud dico,

    I have no objection, Plaut. Mil. 5, 34; id. Capt. 3, 4, 92; Ter. Ph. 2, 1, 42.—
    4.
    To describe, relate, sing, celebrate in writing (mostly poet.):

    tibi dicere laudes,

    Tib. 1, 3, 31; so,

    laudes Phoebi et Dianae,

    Hor. C. S. 76:

    Dianam, Cynthium, Latonam,

    id. C. 1, 21, 1:

    Alciden puerosque Ledae,

    id. ib. 1, 12, 25:

    caelestes, pugilemve equumve,

    id. ib. 4, 2, 19:

    Pelidae stomachum,

    id. ib. 1, 6, 5:

    bella,

    id. Ep. 1, 16, 26; Liv. 7, 29:

    carmen,

    Hor. C. 1, 32, 3; id. C. S. 8; Tib. 2, 1, 54:

    modos,

    Hor. C. 3, 11, 7:

    silvestrium naturas,

    Plin. 15, 30, 40, § 138 et saep.:

    temporibus Augusti dicendis non defuere decora ingenia,

    Tac. A. 1, 1; id. H. 1, 1:

    vir neque silendus neque dicendus sine cura,

    Vell. 2, 13.—
    b.
    Of prophecies, to predict, foretell:

    bellicosis fata Quiritibus Hac lege dico, ne, etc.,

    Hor. C. 3, 3, 58:

    sortes per carmina,

    id. A. P. 403:

    quicquid,

    id. S. 2, 5, 59:

    hoc (Delphi),

    Ov. Tr. 4, 8, 43 et saep.—
    5.
    To pronounce, articulate a letter, syllable, word: Demosthenem scribit Phalereus, cum Rho dicere nequiret, etc., Cic. Div. 2, 46, 96; id. de Or. 1, 61, 260; Quint. 1, 4, 8; 1, 7, 21 al.—
    6.
    To call, to name: habitum quendam vitalem corporis esse, harmoniam Graii quam dicunt, Lucr. 3, 106; cf.: Latine dicimus elocutionem, quam Graeci phrasin vocant, Quint. 8, 1, 1:

    Chaoniamque omnem Trojano a Chaone dixit,

    Verg. A. 3, 335:

    hic ames dici pater atque princeps,

    Hor. Od. 1, 2, 50:

    uxor quondam tua dicta,

    Verg. A. 2, 678 et saep. —Prov.:

    dici beatus ante obitum nemo debet,

    Ov. M. 3, 135.—
    7.
    To name, appoint one to an office:

    ut consules roget praetor vel dictatorem dicat,

    Cic. Att. 9, 15, 2: so,

    dictatorem,

    Liv. 5, 9; 7, 26; 8, 29:

    consulem,

    id. 10, 15; 24, 9; 26, 22 (thrice):

    magistrum equitum,

    id. 6, 39:

    aedilem,

    id. 9, 46:

    arbitrum bibendi,

    Hor. Od. 2, 7, 26 et saep.—
    8.
    To appoint, set apart. fix upon, settle:

    nam mea bona meis cognatis dicam, inter eos partiam,

    Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 113; cf. Pompon. ap. Non. 280, 19:

    dotis paululum vicino suo,

    Afran. ib. 26:

    pecuniam omnem suam doti,

    Cic. Fl. 35: quoniam inter nos nuptiae sunt dictae, Afran. ap. Non. 280, 24; cf.:

    diem nuptiis,

    Ter. And. 1, 1, 75:

    diem operi,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 57:

    diem juris,

    Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 16:

    diem exercitui ad conveniendum Pharas,

    Liv. 36, 8; cf. id. 42, 28, and v. dies:

    locum consiliis,

    id. 25, 16:

    leges pacis,

    id. 33, 12; cf.:

    leges victis,

    id. 34, 57:

    legem tibi,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 18; Ov. M. 6, 137; cf.:

    legem sibi,

    to give sentence upon one's self, id. ib. 13, 72:

    pretium muneri,

    Hor. C. 4, 8, 12 et saep.—With inf.: prius data est, quam tibi dari dicta, Pac. ap. Non. 280, 28. — Pass. impers.:

    eodem Numida inermis, ut dictum erat, accedit,

    Sall. J. 113, 6.—
    9.
    To utter, express, esp. in phrases:

    non dici potest, dici vix potest, etc.: non dici potest quam flagrem desiderio urbis,

    Cic. Att. 5, 11, 1; 5, 17, 5:

    dici vix potest quanta sit vis, etc.,

    id. Leg. 2, 15, 38; id. Verr. 2, 4, 57, § 127; id. Or. 17, 55; id. Red. ad Quir. 1, 4; cf. Quint. 2, 2, 8; 11, 3, 85.—
    10.
    (Mostly in colloq. lang.) Alicui, like our vulg. to tell one so and so, for to admonish, warn, threaten him:

    dicebam, pater, tibi, ne matri consuleres male,

    Plaut. As. 5, 2, 88; cf. Nep. Datam. 5; Ov. Am. 1, 14, 1.—Esp. freq.:

    tibi (ego) dico,

    I tell you, Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 30; id. Bacch. 4, 9, 76; id. Men. 2, 3, 27; id. Mil. 2, 2, 62 et saep.; Ter. And. 1, 2, 33 Ruhnk.; id. ib. 4, 4, 23; id. Eun. 2, 3, 46; 87; Phaedr. 4, 19, 18; cf.:

    tibi dicimus,

    Ov. H. 20, 153; id. M. 9, 122; so, dixi, I have said it, i. e. you may depend upon it, it shall be done, Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 90; 92.—
    11.
    Dicere sacramentum or sacramento, to take an oath, to swear; v. sacramentum.
    II.
    Transf., i. q. intellego, Gr. phêmi, to mean so and so; it may sometimes be rendered in English by namely, to wit:

    nec quemquam vidi, qui magis ea, quae timenda esse negaret, timeret, mortem dico et deos,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 31, 86; id. de Or. 3, 44, 174: M. Sequar ut institui divinum illum virum, quem saepius fortasse laudo quam necesse est. At. Platonem videlicet dicis, id. Leg. 3, 1:

    uxoris dico, non tuam,

    Plaut. As. 1, 1, 30 et saep.—Hence, dictum, i, n., something said, i. e. a saying, a word.
    A.
    In gen.: haut doctis dictis certantes sed male dictis, Enn. ap. Gell. 20, 10 (Ann. v. 274 Vahl.; acc. to Hertz.: nec maledictis); so,

    istaec dicta dicere,

    Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 40:

    docta,

    id. ib. 2, 2, 99; id. Men. 2, 1, 24; Lucr. 5, 113; cf.

    condocta,

    Plaut. Poen. 3, 2, 3:

    meum,

    id. As. 2, 4, 1:

    ridiculum,

    id. Capt. 3, 1, 22:

    minimum,

    Cic. Fam. 1, 9:

    ferocibus dictis rem nobilitare,

    Liv. 23, 47, 4 al.:

    ob admissum foede dictumve superbe,

    Lucr. 5, 1224; cf.

    facete,

    Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 73; id. Poen. 3, 3, 24; Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 57; Cic. Off. 1, 29, 104 al.:

    lepide,

    Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 103:

    absurde,

    id. Capt. 1, 1, 3:

    vere,

    Nep. Alc. 8, 4:

    ambigue,

    Hor. A. P. 449 et saep.—Pleon.:

    feci ego istaec dicta quae vos dicitis (sc. me fecisse),

    Plaut. Casin. 5, 4, 17.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    A saying, maxim, proverb:

    aurea dicta,

    Lucr. 3, 12; cf.

    veridica,

    id. 6, 24: Catonis est dictum. Pedibus compensari pecuniam, Cic. Fl. 29 fin. Hence, the title of a work by Caesar: Dicta collectanea (his Apophthegmata, mentioned in Cic. Fam. 9, 16), Suet. Caes. 56.—Esp. freq.,
    2.
    For facete dictum, a witty saying, bon-mot, Enn. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 54 fin. (cf. Cic. ap. Macr. S. 2, 1 fin.); Cic. Phil. 2, 17; Quint. 6, 3, 2; 16; 36; Liv. 7, 33, 3; Hor. A. P. 273 et saep.; cf. also, dicterium.—
    3.
    Poetry, verse (abstr. and concr.): dicti studiosus, Enn. ap. Cic. Brut. 18, 71:

    rerum naturam expandere dictis,

    Lucr. 1, 126; 5, 56:

    Ennius hirsuta cingat sua dicta corona,

    Prop. 4 (5), 1, 61.—
    4.
    A prediction, prophecy, Lucr. 1, 103; Verg. A. 2, 115; Val. Fl. 2, 326 al.; cf. dictio.—
    5.
    An order, command:

    dicto paruit consul,

    Liv. 9, 41; cf. Verg. A. 3, 189; Ov. M. 8, 815:

    haec dicta dedit,

    Liv. 3, 61; cf. id. 7, 33; 8, 34; 22, 25 al.: dicto audientem esse and dicto audire alicui, v. audio.—
    6.
    A promise, assurance:

    illi dixerant sese dedituros... Cares, tamen, non dicto capti, etc.,

    Nep. Milt. 2, 5; Fur. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1, 34.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > dico

  • 19 facilis

    făcĭlis, e, adj. (archaic forms nom. sing. facil, Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 53; adv. facul, like difficul, simul; v. under adv. 2, and cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 87 Müll.), [facio, properly, that may be done or made; hence, pregn.], easy to do, easy, without difficulty.
    I.
    In gen.
    A.
    Prop., constr. absol., with ad (and the gerund), the supine, inf., ut, and the dat.
    (α).
    Absol.:

    nulla est tam facilis res, quin difficilis siet, quam invitus facias,

    Ter. Heaut. 4, 6, 1; cf.:

    facilis et plana via (opp. difficilis),

    Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 20:

    quae facilia ex difficillimis animi magnitudo redegerat,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 27 fin.; cf.

    also: mihi in causa facili atque explicata perdifficilis et lubrica defensionis ratio proponitur,

    Cic. Planc. 2, 5:

    justa res et facilis,

    Plaut. Am. prol. 33:

    facilis et prompta defensio,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 56, 237; cf.:

    facilis et expedita distinctio,

    id. Fin. 1, 10, 33:

    facilia, proclivia, jucunda,

    id. Part. Or. 27, 95; cf.:

    proclivi cursu et facili delabi,

    id. Rep. 1, 28:

    ascensus,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 21:

    aditus,

    id. ib. 3, 25 fin.;

    descensus Averno,

    Verg. A. 6, 126; Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 14, 41; cf.:

    celerem et facilem exitum habere,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 22 fin.:

    lutum,

    easy to work, Tib. 1, 1, 40:

    fagus,

    Plin. 16, 43, 84, § 229:

    humus,

    easy to cultivate, mellow, Curt. 4, 6, 5:

    arcus,

    Val. Fl. 1, 109:

    jugum,

    easy to climb, Prop. 4 (5), 10, 4:

    somnus,

    easy to obtain, Hor. C. 2, 11, 8; 3, 21, 4:

    irae,

    easily excited, Luc. 1, 173:

    saevitia,

    easily overcome, Hor. C. 2, 12, 26 et saep.:

    aurae,

    gentle, Ov. H. 16, 123:

    jactura,

    easily borne, Verg. A. 2, 646:

    cera,

    easily shaped, Ov. M. 15, 169:

    victus,

    copious, Verg. G. 2, 460.— Comp.:

    iter multo facilius atque expeditius,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 6, 2:

    cui censemus cursum ad deos faciliorem fuisse quam Scipioni?

    Cic. Lael. 4, 14:

    faciliore et commodiore judicio,

    id. Caecin. 3, 8.— Sup.:

    quod est facillimum, facis,

    Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 4; cf. Cic. Rep. 2, 3:

    concordia,

    id. ib. 1, 32:

    hujus summae virtutis facillima est via,

    Quint. 8, 3, 71:

    in quibus (ceris) facillima est ratio delendi,

    id. 10, 3, 31 et saep.—
    (β).
    With ad and the gerund:

    nulla materies tam facilis ad exardescendum est,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 45, 190:

    ad subigendum,

    id. Rep. 2, 41:

    ad credendum,

    id. Tusc. 1, 32, 78:

    palmae ad scandendum,

    Plin. 13, 4, 7, § 29.— Comp.:

    faciliora ad intelligendum,

    Quint. 2, 3, 8.— Sup.:

    haec ad judicandum sunt facillima,

    Cic. Off. 3, 6, 30; id. Fin. 2, 20.—
    (γ).
    With ad and subst.:

    faciles ad receptum angustiae,

    Liv. 32, 12, 3:

    mens ad pejora,

    Quint. 1, 2, 4:

    credulitas feminarum ad gaudia,

    Tac. A. 14, 4.— Comp.:

    mediocritas praeceptoris ad intellectum atque imitationem facilior,

    Quint. 2, 3, 1.—
    (δ).
    With supine:

    facile inventust,

    Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 53:

    res factu facilis,

    Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 26:

    cuivis facile scitu est,

    id. Hec. 3, 1, 15:

    facilis victu gens,

    abounding in resources, Verg. A. 1, 445 Wagn.:

    (Cyclops) nec visu facilis nec dictu affabilis ulli,

    id. ib. 3, 621; cf.:

    sapiens facilis victu fuit,

    Sen. Ep. 90, 11.— Comp.:

    nihil est dictu facilius,

    Ter. Ph. 2, 1, 70.— Sup.:

    factu facillimum,

    Sall. C. 14, 1.—
    (ε).
    With inf.:

    materia facilis est, in te et in tuos dicta dicere,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 17, 42:

    facilis vincere ac vinci vultu eodem,

    Liv. 7, 33, 2:

    facilis corrumpi,

    Tac. H. 4, 39:

    Roma capi facilis,

    Luc. 2, 656.—So esp. freq. in the neuter, facile est, with a subject-clause:

    id esse verum, cuivis facile est noscere,

    Ter. Ad. 5, 4, 8:

    quod illis prohibere erat facile,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 50, 2:

    neque erat facile nostris, uno tempore propugnare et munire,

    id. ib. 3, 45, 4; Quint. 6, 4, 20:

    nec origines persequi facile est,

    Plin. 3, 5, 6, § 46:

    quīs facile est aedem conducere,

    Juv. 3, 31; 4, 103.— Comp.:

    plerumque facilius est plus facere quam idem,

    Quint. 10, 2, 10; 12, 6, 7.— Sup.:

    stulta reprehendere facillimum est,

    Quint. 6, 3, 71; 11, 1, 81.—
    (ζ).
    With ut:

    facilius est, ut esse aliquis successor tuus possit, quam ut velit,

    Plin. Pan. 44, 3; 87, 5; cf. with quod: facile est quod habeant conservam in villa, Varr. R. R. 2, 10, 6.—
    (η).
    With dat.:

    terra facilis pecori,

    i.e. suitable, proper, Verg. G. 2, 223; cf.:

    campus operi,

    Liv. 33, 17, 8:

    facilis divisui (Macedonia),

    id. 45, 30, 2:

    neque Thraces commercio faciles erant,

    Liv. 40, 58, 1:

    homines bello faciles,

    Tac. Agr. 21:

    juvenis inanibus,

    easily susceptible, open to, id. A. 2, 27; cf.:

    facilis capessendis inimicitiis,

    id. ib. 5, 11. —
    (θ).
    With gen. ( poet.):

    Hispania frugum facilis,

    fertile in, Claud. Laud. Seren. 54.—
    b.
    Adverbially, in facili, ex (e) facili, and rarely, de facili, easily:

    cum exitus haud in facili essent,

    not easy, Liv. 3, 8, 9 Drak.:

    in facili,

    Sen. Clem. 1, 7: Plin. 18, 28, 68, § 274; Dig. 26, 3, 8:

    ita adducendum, ut ex facili subsequatur,

    easily, Cels. 7, 9 med.:

    ex facili tolerantibus,

    Tac. Agr. 15 init.: ex facili, Cel. 6, 1, 1; Plin. 37, 4, 15, § 60;

    for which: e facili,

    Ov. A. A. 1, 356: de facili ab iis superabuntur, Firm. Math. 5, 6.—
    B.
    Transf.
    a.
    Of persons that do any thing with facility, ready, quick. — Constr. with ad, in, and simple abl.:

    facilis et expeditus ad dicendum,

    Cic. Brut. 48, 180:

    sermone Graeco promptus et facilis,

    Suet. Tib. 71; cf.:

    promptus et facillis ad extemporalitatem usque,

    id. Tit. 3:

    faciles in excogitando et ad discendum prompti,

    Quint. 1, 1, 1:

    exiguo faciles,

    content, Sil. 1, 615.—
    b.
    Of things, easily moving:

    oculi,

    Verg. A. 8, 310:

    manus,

    Ov. F. 3, 536:

    cervix,

    Mart. Spect. 23:

    canes, i. e. agiles,

    Nemes. Cyneg. 50.
    II.
    In partic.
    A.
    Of character, easy, good-natured, compliant, willing, yielding, courteous, affable:

    facilis benevolusque,

    Ter. Hec. 5, 1, 35:

    comes, benigni, faciles, suaves homines esse dicuntur,

    Cic. Balb. 16, 36:

    facilis et liberalis pater,

    id. N. D. 3, 29, 73:

    lenis et facilis,

    id. Fam. 5, 2, 9:

    facilis et clemens,

    Suet. Aug. 67:

    facilem populum habere,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 1, 4:

    facilem stillare in aurem,

    Juv. 3, 122:

    di,

    id. 10, 8. —With in and abl.:

    facilem se in rebus cognoscendis praebere,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 11, § 32; cf.:

    facilis in causis recipiendis,

    id. Brut. 57, 207:

    faciles in suum cuique tribuendo,

    id. ib. 21, 85:

    faciles ad concedendum,

    id. Div. 2, 52, 107.—With in and acc.:

    sic habeas faciles in tua vota deos,

    Ov. H. 16, 282.—With inf.:

    faciles aurem praebere,

    Prop. 2, 21, 15 (3, 14, 5 M.):

    O faciles dare summa deos,

    Luc. 1, 505.—With gen.:

    facilis impetrandae veniae,

    Liv. 26, 15, 1:

    alloquii facilis (al. alloquiis),

    Val. Fl. 5, 407.— Absol.:

    comi facilique naturā,

    Suet. Gramm. 7:

    facili ac prodigo animo,

    id. Vit. 7.— Comp.:

    facilior aut indulgentior,

    Suet. Vesp. 21; Quint. 7, 1, 27; Flor. 4, 11, 2.— Sup.:

    quid dicam de moribus facillimis,

    Cic. Lael. 3, 11.—
    B.
    Of fortune, favorable, prosperous:

    res et fortunae tuae... quotidie faciliores mihi et meliores videntur,

    Cic. Fam. 6, 5, 1; Liv. 23, 11, 2.— Adv. in four forms: facile, facul, faculter, and faciliter.
    1.
    făcĭlĕ (the class. form).
    (α).
    easily, without trouble or difficulty:

    facile cum valemus recta consilia aegrotis damus,

    Ter. And. 2, 1, 9:

    quis haec non vel facile vel certe aliquo modo posset ediscere?

    Cic. de Or. 2, 57, 232:

    vitia in contraria convertuntur,

    id. Rep. 1, 45.— Comp.:

    cave putes, aut mare ullum aut flammam esse tantam, quam non facilius sit sedare quam, etc.,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 42 fin.:

    quo facilius otio perfruantur,

    id. ib. 1, 5: id hoc facilius eis persuasit, quod, etc., Caes, B. G. 1, 2, 3.— Sup.:

    ut optimi cujusque animus in morte facillime evolet tamquam e custodia,

    Cic. Lael. 4, 14:

    facillime fingi,

    id. Cael. 9, 22:

    facillime decidit,

    id. Rep. 2, 23:

    mederi inopiae frumentariae,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 24, 6 et saep.—
    (β).
    To add intensity to an expression which already signifies a high degree, certainly, unquestionably, without contradiction, beyond dispute, by far, far (often in Cic.;

    elsewh. rare): virum unum totius Graeciae facile doctissimum,

    Cic. Rab. Post. 9, 23:

    facile deterrimus,

    id. Tusc. 1, 33, 81:

    genere et nobilitate et pecunia facile primus,

    id. Rosc. Am. 6, 15; cf.:

    virtute, existimatione, nobilitate facile princeps,

    id. Clu. 5, 11:

    facile princeps,

    id. Div. 2, 42, 87; id. Fam. 6, 10, 2; id. Univ. 1; Flor. 3, 14, 1:

    facile praecipuus,

    Quint. 10, 1, 68:

    facile hic plus mali est, quam illic boni,

    Ter. And. 4, 3, 5: Pe. Sed tu novistin' fidicinam? Fi. Tam facile quam me, as well as I do myself, Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 68.—With verbs that denote superiority (vincere, superare, etc.):

    post illum (Herodotum) Thucydides omnes dicendi artificio, mea sententia, facile vicit,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 13, 56; cf. id. Off. 2, 19, 59; id. Rep. 1, 23; cf.

    also: stellarum globi terrae magnitudinem facile vincebant,

    id. ib. 6, 16 fin.; id. de Or. 1, 33, 150:

    Sisenna omnes adhuc nostros scriptores facile superavit,

    id. Leg. 1, 2, 7; cf. id. de Or. 3, 11, 43:

    facile palmam habes!

    Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 80.— In naming a large amount, quite, fully:

    huic hereditas facile ad HS. tricies venit testamento propinqui sui,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 14, § 35.—
    (γ).
    With a negative, non facile or haud facile, to add intensity, not easily, i.e. hardly:

    mira accuratio, ut non facile in ullo diligentiorem majoremque cognoverim,

    Cic. Brut. 67, 238:

    sed haud facile dixerim, cur, etc.,

    id. Rep. 1, 3 fin.; cf.:

    de iis haud facile compertum narraverim,

    Sall. J. 17, 2:

    animus imbutus malis artibus haud facile libidinibus carebat,

    id. C. 13, 5. —
    b.
    Readily, willingly, without hesitation:

    facile omnes perferre ac pati,

    Ter. And. 1, 1, 35; cf.:

    te de aeternitate dicentem aberrare a proposito facile patiebar,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 33, 81:

    disertus homo et facile laborans,

    id. Off. 2, 19, 66:

    ego unguibus facile illi in oculos involem,

    Ter. Eun. 4, 3, 6.— Comp.:

    locum habeo nullum, ubi facilius esse possim quam Asturae,

    Cic. Att. 13, 26, 2.—
    c.
    (Acc. to facilis, II. B.) Pleasantly, agreeably, well:

    propter eas (nugas) vivo facilius,

    Plaut. Curc. 5, 2, 6:

    cum animo cogites, Quam vos facillime agitis, quam estis maxume Potentes, dites, fortunati, nobiles,

    Ter. Ad. 3, 4, 56:

    facillime agitare,

    Suet. Vit. Ter. 1:

    ubi Crassus animadvertit, suas copias propter exiguitatem non facile diduci,

    not safely, Caes. B. G. 3, 23, 7.—
    2.
    făcul (anteclass.), easily: nobilitate facul propellere iniquos, Lucil. ap. Non. 111, 19; Pac. ib. 21:

    haud facul, ut ait Pacuvius, femina una invenietur bona,

    Afran. ib. 22:

    advorsam ferre fortunam facul,

    Att. ib. 24.—
    3.
    făculter, acc. to the statement of Paul. ex Fest. p. 87, 1 Müll.; cf. Mart. Cap. 3, § 325. —
    4.
    făcĭlĭter (post-Aug.; predominating in Vitruvius; censured by Quint. 1, 6, 17), easily:

    ferrum percalefactum faciliter fabricatur,

    Vitr. 1, 4, 3 et saep.; Mart. Cap. 3, § 325.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > facilis

  • 20 reliqua

    rĕlĭquus (sometimes written rĕlĭcuus, rell-, -qus, v. Lachm. ad Lucr. p. 305; Freund ad Cic. Mil. p. 31-34. Rēlĭcŭus as a quadrisyl., Lucr. 1, 560 Munro ad loc.; 4, 976), a, um, adj. [relinquo, I.], that is left or remains, that is left behind, remaining, = relictus (freq. and a good prose word; not found in Cat., Tib., Verg., or Hor.).
    (α).
    With dat.:

    hoc mihi unum ex plurimis miseriis reliquom fuerat malum,

    Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 55:

    ut spes nulla reliqua in te siet tibi,

    id. Eun. 2, 2, 9:

    potes mulo isto, quem tibi reliquum dicis esse, Romam pervehi,

    Cic. Fam. 9, 18, 4:

    quod erant oppida mihi etiam complura reliqua,

    id. Verr. 2, 2, 27, § 65:

    quae deprecatio est igitur ei reliqua, qui, etc.,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 50, §

    120: quibus lubido atque luxuria ex magnis rapinis nihil reliqui fecerat,

    Sall. C. 28, 4:

    reliqua alia optio,

    Quint. 7, 7, 8.—
    (β).
    Without a dat., Cato ap. Prisc. p. 696 P.: ne a stirpe genus nostrum interiret et uti aliqua propago generis nostri reliqua esset (just before, restare), C. Gracch. ap. Schol. Cic. Sull. 9, p. 365 Orell.; cf.:

    neu causa ulla restet reliqua, Quin, etc.,

    Ter. Hec. 4, 2, 11:

    ex quā (familiā) reliquus est M. Titurnius Rufus,

    Cic. Fam. 13, 39; cf. id. Clu. 7, 22:

    reliquos hos esse non ex bello... sed ex tuo scelere,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 54, § 124; and:

    moriar, si praeter te quemquam reliquum habeo, in quo, etc.,

    id. Fam. 9, 15, 2; and with this cf. Sall. H. Fragm. 1, 15 (p. 216 Gerl.):

    qui lucus in Graeciā totā tam sanctus fuit, in quo ullum simulacrum, ullum ornamentum reliquum sit?

    Cic. Prov. Cons. 4, 7:

    si qua reliqua spes est, quae sociorum animos consolari possit,

    id. Div. in Caecil. 5, 18. — Esp., subst.: rĕlĭquum ( - quom), i, n., that is left, a remainder, residue, rest:

    numquam ab amatore suo postulat id, quod datum est, Sed reliquom dat operam, ne sit reliquum,

    Plaut. Truc. prol. 15:

    quod ad vos, spectatores, reliquum relinquitur, More majorum date plausum, id. Cist. grex 5: ut pernoscatis, ecquid spei sit relicuom,

    Ter. And. prol. 25; cf. id. Eun. 5, 5 (6), 26:

    addendo deducendoque videre, quae reliqui summa fuit,

    Cic. Off. 1, 18, 59:

    quid reliqui'st, quin habeat quae quidem in homine dicuntur bona,

    Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 19:

    quid enim est huic reliqui, quod, etc.,

    Cic. Sull. 31, 89:

    cum reliqui nihil sit omnino, quod pertinet ad nos,

    id. Fin. 2, 31, 101:

    quid reliqui habemus praeter,

    Sall. C. 20, 13:

    nec, quod ab hoste crudelius pati possent, reliqui quicquam fuit,

    Liv. 32, 13.— With gen. (syn. reliquiae): illud breve vitae reliquum nec avide adpetendum senibus sit, Cic. Sen. 20, 72:

    Agrigentum, quod belli reliquum erat,

    i. e. where alone the war was afterwards carried on, Liv. 26, 40; cf., in plur.:

    reliqua belli perfecta,

    id. 9, 16; and Tac. H. 4, 2:

    ubi reliquum vitae degere tuto posset,

    Liv. 39, 13:

    reliquum dici,

    id. 2, 25, 2; 3, 15, 8; 3, 52, 5:

    corporis reliqua,

    Aur. Vict. Caes. 21 fin. (but in Plaut. Merc. 3, 2, 4, the correct read. is:

    reliquom vitae spatium, v. Ritschl ad h. l.).— So in late Lat. persaep.: reliqua verborum,

    Vulg. 3 Reg. 11, 41:

    urbis,

    id. 1 Par. 11, 8.—
    2.
    Partic. constructions.
    a.
    Reliquum est, ut, or with inf., it remains, that (syn.:

    relinquitur, restat, superest): reliquum est, ut officiis certemus inter nos,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 31, 1; id. Att. 7, 13, 4; id. Fl. 14, 32; Nep. Att. 21, 5; Quint. 5, 7, 19; cf.:

    reliquum est, ubi nunc est res publica, ibi simus,

    Cic. Fam. 9, 9, 3 (where B. and K. supply ut, ex conj.); so,

    reliquum est, tuam profectionem amore prosequar,

    id. ib. 15, 21, 5.—With inf.:

    nunc hortari modo reliquum est et ire,

    Sall. H. Fragm. 3,22 (p. 232 Gerl.).—
    b.
    Reliquum (aliquem, aliquid) or aliquid reliqui facere, a periphrase for relinquere, and in the twofold signification of that word.
    (α).
    To leave behind, leave remaining:

    ut arent, quibus aratrum saltem aliquod satelles istius Apronius relicum fecit,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 55, § 128:

    quos belli calamitas reliquos fecerat,

    id. ib. 2, 3, 53, §

    126: haec addita cura vix mihi vitam reliquam fecit,

    id. Att. 3, 8, 2:

    si quos fortuna fecisset reliquos,

    Hirt. B. G. 8, 24 fin.; cf.:

    quos reliquos fortuna ex nocturnā caede ac fugā fecerat,

    Liv. 9, 24; Curt. 6, 9, 27:

    duarum mihi civitatum reliquos feci agros,

    i. e. have left to be considered, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 44, § 104.— Subst.: rĕlĭquum, i, n., a remnant, remainder (cf. 1, b fin. supra):

    quod reliquum vitae viriumque fames fecerat, id, etc.,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 34, § 89:

    quod fortuna in malis reliqui fecit, id, etc.,

    id. Sull. 32, 89.—

    Esp. negatively: te nullum munus officii cuiquam reliquum fecisse,

    have left behind you, Cic. Fam. 3, 13, 1:

    quibus nihil non modo de fructu, sed ne de bonis quidem suis reliqui fecit,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 48, § 115:

    hi milites nihil reliqui victis fecere,

    Sall. C. 11, 7 Kritz; cf.: captā urbe nihil fit reliqui victis, id ib. 52, 4:

    quibus libido atque luxuria ex magnis rapinis nihil reliqui fecerant,

    id. ib. 28, 4; cf. Liv. 7, 35:

    ne hoc quidem sibi reliqui facit, ut, etc.,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 1, § 2.—
    (β).
    To leave undone, to omit, neglect (rare and perh. only in the historians;

    also only negatively): nihil ad celeritatem sibi reliqui fecerunt,

    omitted nothing, made every exertion, Caes. B. G. 2, 26 fin.:

    prorsus ab utrisque nihil reliquum fieri,

    Sall. J. 76, 4:

    me nihil reliqui fecisse, quod, etc.,

    Nep. Att. 21, 5:

    nihil reliqui faciunt, quominus, etc.,

    Tac. A. 1, 21 fin.
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    Of time, that is left or remains, future, subsequent:

    spe reliquae tranquillitatis,

    Cic. Sest. 34, 73:

    reliquae vitae dignitas,

    id. Fam. 10, 3, 2:

    reliqua et sperata gloria,

    id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 15, § 43: in reliquum tempus vectigalibus prospexi, Metell. ap. Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 55, § 128:

    reliquum in tempus,

    id. Agr. 1, 4, 13; Caes. B. G. 1, 20 fin.; 3, 16 fin.; cf.

    so, reliquum tempus (opp. praesenti bello),

    Nep. Them, 2, 1.—In the neutr. absol.:

    numquam ecastor ullo die risi adaeque, neque hoc, quod reliquom est (sc. vitae), plus risuram opinor,

    in all my life, to the end of my days, Plaut. Cas. 5, 1, 4.—Hence, in reliquum, adverb., for the future, in future, henceforward, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 7, 2; Sall. J. 42, 4; Liv. 23, 20; 25, 32; 36, 10 fin. al.—
    2.
    In mercantile lang., of debts, remaining, outstanding, in arrear:

    reliquom, quod ex eo quod debitum reliquom,

    Varr. L. L. 5, § 175 Müll.:

    nunc quod reliquom restat, volo persolvere,

    Plaut. Cist. 1, 3, 40:

    quod dedi datum non vellem, quod reliquom est non dabo,

    id. ib. 2, 1, 30:

    rationes putare argentariam... quid venierit, quid exactum siet, quid reliquum siet,

    Cato, R. R. 2, 5:

    erat ei de ratiunculā Jampridem apud me reliquom pauxillulum Nummorum,

    Ter. Phorm. 1, 1, 3:

    ut pecuniam reliquam Buthrotii ad diem solverent,

    Cic. Att. 16, 16, A, § 4 (Cod. Faerni: pecuniae reliquum).—As subst.: rĕlĭqua, ōrum, n. (less freq. rĕlĭquum, i, n.), the remainder of a debt, balance, arrears: reliqua mea Camillus scribit se accepisse, Cic. Att. 6, 1, 19; cf.:

    maxime me angit ratio reliquorum meorum,

    id. ib. 16, 3, 5:

    cum tanta reliqua sint,

    id. ib. 16, 15, 4;

    15, 15, 3: dum reliqua colonorum minuit ad tempus, vires in posterum exhausit, quarum defectione rursus reliqua creverunt,

    Plin. Ep. 3, 19, 6; 9, 37, 2: Sticho reliqua habente, holding a balance, i. e. being in arrears, Dig. 35, 1, 81; so,

    reliqua trahere,

    ib. 26, 7, 46:

    computare,

    ib. 40, 7, 34:

    in adaerandis reliquorum debitis (= reliquiis debitorum),

    Amm. 31, 14, 2; 16, 5, 15.— In sing.:

    nisi forte fidejussores minus idonei sunt et in reliquum non exsolutae quantitatis accesserint,

    Dig. 49, 14, 45 fin.; Symm. Ep. 10, 47.—Hence, by a lusus verbb., of a narration in arrears, the rest, remainder:

    accipite reliquom, alieno uti nil moror,

    Plaut. Capt. prol. 16; cf.

    also the passage cited above,

    id. Cist. 1, 3, 40.
    II.
    Transf., of that which remains after a part just mentioned, the remaining, the other; and, in the sing., the remainder, the rest of a thing (diff. from ceteri, q. v.).
    (α).
    Plur.:

    murus cum Romuli tum etiam reliquorum regum sapientiā definitus,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 6, 11; cf. id. ib. 2, 11, 22:

    decemviros... reliquos magistratus,

    id. ib. 2, 31, 54; cf.:

    Servilius consul reliquique magistratus,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 21:

    sol dux et princeps et moderator luminum reliquorum,

    Cic. Rep. 6, 17, 17; cf. id. ib. 6, 9, 9; 6, 20, 22; id. Planc. 1, 3:

    ipsum regale genus civitatis haud scio an reliquis simplicibus longe anteponendum,

    id. Rep. 2, 23, 43:

    res capitales et reliquas omnes judicabant iidem,

    id. ib. 3, 35, 48; cf. id. ib. 6, 17, 17; id. Leg. 3, 7, 16:

    ad eam sententiam, cum reliquis causis, haec quoque ratio eos deduxit,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 10:

    oppida, vicos, reliqua privata aedificia incendunt,

    id. ib. 1, 5:

    octo cohortes in fronte constituit, reliquarum signa in subsidio collocat,

    Sall. C. 59, 2.—As subst.:

    princeps ille (Plato) aream sibi sumpsit, in quā, etc.... Reliqui disseruerunt, etc.,

    the others, the rest, Cic. Rep. 2, 11, 21; 1, 4, 7:

    in quā (causā) et ipse sentiat et reliqui omnes me, etc.,

    id. Att. 16, 15, 1:

    aurum perinde aspernantur (Scythae) ac reliqui mortales appetunt,

    Just. 2, 2, 7:

    deinceps Jovem atque Junonem, reliquos, quos, etc.,

    Cic. Univ. 11; cf.

    thus, without a copula, Brutorum, C. Cassii, Cn. Domitii, C. Trebonii, reliquorum,

    and so forth, id. Phil. 2, 12, 30; cf.:

    Africanus, cum patria illo modo loquens. reliquaque praeclare,

    id. Fin. 2, 32, 106, Quint. 9, 4, 124:

    si placet, in hunc diem hactenus. Reliqua (satis enim multa restant) differamus in crastinum,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 44, 71:

    audi reliqua,

    Plaut. As. 4, 1, 46:

    age, ambula, ibique reliqua alia fabulabimur,

    id. Poen. 3, 4, 8:

    reliqua vaticinationis brevi esse confecta,

    Cic. Div. 1, 32, 68:

    aderat janitor carceris et carnifex praetoris, reliqua,

    and the like, and so forth, and so on, Quint. 9, 4, 124;

    but post-class.: et reliqua,

    Vop. Firm. 5 fin.
    (β).
    Sing.:

    corpore relicuo pugnam caedesque petessit,

    Lucr. 3, 648 Lachm.:

    equitum magno numero ex omni populi summa separato, reliquum populum distribuit in quinque classes, etc.,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 22, 39:

    scribit Labieno... cum legione ad fines Nerviorum veniat, reliquam partem exercitūs non putat exspectandam,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 46 fin.; 1, 18:

    neque de frumento reliquoque commeatu satis esse provisum,

    id. ib. 3, 3:

    militibus quoque equis exceptis reliquam praedam concessimus,

    Cic. Att. 5, 20, 5:

    jampridem cupio Alexandream reliquamque Aegyptum visere,

    id. ib. 2, 5, 1; cf. id. Lael. 2, 6; id. Rep. 2, 38, 64.— As subst.:

    paene oblitus sum, reliquom dicere,

    Plaut. Poen. prol. 118; Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 43, § 103:

    reliquum temporis cum magnā trepidatione vigilavit,

    Suet. Ner. 34:

    haec quidem hactenus: quod reliquum est, cottidie tabellarios habebis,

    as for the rest, as for what remains, Cic. Att. 16, 15, 3; so,

    quod reliquum est,

    id. Fam. 13, 72, 2; id. Planc. 10, 11; Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 48; cf.:

    de reliquo quid tibi ego dicam?

    Cic. Att. 16, 13, c, 2; id. Fam. 6, 20, 3; id. de Or. 1, 22, 100.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > reliqua

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