percello

* * *

per-cello, cŭli, culsum, 3 (perculsi for perculi, Amm. 17, 8, 4; 25, 8, 13), v. a. [cf.: procella, celer], to beat down, throw down; to overturn, upset (class.; syn.: percutio, deicio).

Lit.: ventus Cercius plaustrum oneratum percellit, Cato ap. Gell. 2, 22, 29; cf.: vento perculsam ratem, Afran. ap. Fest. p. 273 Müll. (Com. Rel. p. 154 fin. Rib.): magnas quercus, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 2 (Ann. v. 194 Vahl.): abietem, Varr. ap. Non. 152, 11: alii adnutat... alii percellit pedem, Naev. ap. Isid. Orig. 1, 25 (Com. Rel. p. 17 Rib.):

perii! perculit me prope,

Plaut. Pers. 5, 2, 28; Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 87:

radicibus arborum,

Plin. 18, 34, 77, § 334:

Mars communis saepe spoliantem jam et exsultantem evertit et perculit ab abjecto,

Cic. Mil. 21, 56:

eos Martis vis perculit,

id. Marc. 6, 17.—Prov.: Perii, plaustrum perculi! I've upset my cart, i. e. I've done for myself, Plaut. Ep. 4, 2, 22.—

Transf., to strike, smite, hit:

fetiali Postumius genu femur perculit,

Liv. 9, 10 fin.; cf. id. 9, 11, 11:

aliquem cuspide,

Ov. Am. 2, 9, 7; 1, 7, 32.— Poet.:

vox repens perculit urbem,

struck, reached, Val. Fl. 2, 91.—

Trop.

To cast down, overthrow, ruin, destroy:

adulescentiam perculisse atque afflixisse,

Cic. Cael. 32, 80; id. Cat. 2, 1, 2; id. Leg. 3, 8, 24:

rem publicam,

Tac. A. 2, 39:

aliquem,

Suet. Tib. 55.—

To strike with consternation, to deject, daunt, dispirit, discourage, dishearten:

haec te vox non perculit? non perturbavit?

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 57, § 132:

timore perculsi membra,

Lucr. 5, 1223:

civitates atrocibus edictis,

Tac. H. 1, 53; Flor. 1, 10, 2:

animos (timor),

Val. Fl. 4, 651.—

To urge on, excite, impel:

volucres perculsae corda tuā vi,

Lucr. 1, 13:

aliquem ad turpitudinem,

App. Mag. p. 281.— Perf.:

perculit, in a neutr. signif., for perculsus est,

Flor. 3, 10, 8.

perculsus, a, um, Part., from percello.

perculsus, ūs, m. [percello], a shock, Tert. Anim. 52.

at-tŏno (better than adt-), ŭi, ĭtum, 1, v. a., to thunder at; hence, to stun, stupefy (a poet. word of the Aug. per.; most frequent as P. a.; syn.: percello, perturbo, terreo): altitudo attonat, Maecen. ap. Sen. Ep. 19:

quis furor vestras attonuit mentes!

Ov. M. 3, 532; id. H. 4, 50.—Hence, attŏnĭtus ( adt-), a, um, P. a., thundered at; hence trop. as in Gr. embrontêtheis, embrontêtos.

Thunderstruck, stunned, terrified, stupefied, astonished, amazed, confounded:

attonitus est stupefactus. Nam proprie attonitus dicitur, cui casus vicini fulminis et sonitus tonitruum dant stuporem,

Serv. ad Verg. A. 3, 172:

quo fragore edito concidunt homines, exanimantur, quidam vero vivi stupent, et in totum sibi excidunt, quos vocamus attonitos, quorum mentes sonus ille caelestis loco pepulit,

Sen. Q. N. 2, 27:

aures,

Curt. 8, 4, 2; Petr. 101:

talibus attonitus visis ac voce deorum,

Verg. A. 3, 172:

attonitus tanto miserarum turbine rerum,

Ov. M. 7, 614; 4, 802; 8, 777; 9, 409 and 574; 11, 127; 8, 681 al.: alii novitate ac miraculo attoniti, Liv 1, 47; 2, 12; 5, 46; 3, 68 fin.; 7, 36; 30, 30; 39, 15;

44, 10: subitae rei miraculo attoniti,

Tac. H. 4, 49; so id. ib. 2, 42; 3, 13. —With de:

mentis de lodice parandā Attonitae,

crazed, bewildered about getting a bed-blanket, Juv. 7, 67.—Also without an abl.:

Attonitae manibusque uterum celare volenti, Ov M. 2, 463: mater... Attonitae diu similis fuit,

id. ib. 5, 510; 6, 600;

12, 498: ut integris corporibus attoniti conciderent,

Liv. 10, 29:

attoniti vultus,

Tac. H. 1, 40:

circumspectare inter se attoniti,

id. ib. 2, 29:

attonitis etiam victoribus,

id. ib. 4, 72:

attonitā magis quam quietā contione,

id. A. 1, 39:

attonitis jam omnibus,

Suet. Caes. 28; id. Claud. 38; id. Dom. 17:

attonitos habes oculos,

Vulg. Job, 15, 12; ib. Prov 16, 30.— Poet., with gen.:

attonitus serpentis equus,

Sil. 6, 231.—Also poet. transf. to inanimate things:

neque enim ante dehiscent Attonitae magna ora domūs,

Verg. A. 6, 53 (but acc. to Serv. in an act. sense, syn. with attonitos facientes, stupendae, stunning, terrifying, as pallida senectus, etc.):

mensa,

Val. Fl. 1, 45:

arces,

Sil. 4, 7 Drak.:

quorundam persuasiones,

Plin. 29, 1, 8, § 28. —

Seized with inspiration, smitten with prophetic fury, inspired, frantic:

attonitae Baccho matres,

Verg. A. 7, 580:

Bacchus attonitae tribuit vexilla catervae,

Stat. S. 5, 1, 116: Vates, * Hor. C. 3, 19, 14.—

* Adv.: attŏnĭtē, frantically, etc.:

Britannia hodieque eum attonite celebrat etc.,

Plin. 30, 1, 4, § 13 (Jan, attonita).

at-tŏno (better than adt-), ŭi, ĭtum, 1, v. a., to thunder at; hence, to stun, stupefy (a poet. word of the Aug. per.; most frequent as P. a.; syn.: percello, perturbo, terreo): altitudo attonat, Maecen. ap. Sen. Ep. 19:

quis furor vestras attonuit mentes!

Ov. M. 3, 532; id. H. 4, 50.—Hence, attŏnĭtus ( adt-), a, um, P. a., thundered at; hence trop. as in Gr. embrontêtheis, embrontêtos.

Thunderstruck, stunned, terrified, stupefied, astonished, amazed, confounded:

attonitus est stupefactus. Nam proprie attonitus dicitur, cui casus vicini fulminis et sonitus tonitruum dant stuporem,

Serv. ad Verg. A. 3, 172:

quo fragore edito concidunt homines, exanimantur, quidam vero vivi stupent, et in totum sibi excidunt, quos vocamus attonitos, quorum mentes sonus ille caelestis loco pepulit,

Sen. Q. N. 2, 27:

aures,

Curt. 8, 4, 2; Petr. 101:

talibus attonitus visis ac voce deorum,

Verg. A. 3, 172:

attonitus tanto miserarum turbine rerum,

Ov. M. 7, 614; 4, 802; 8, 777; 9, 409 and 574; 11, 127; 8, 681 al.: alii novitate ac miraculo attoniti, Liv 1, 47; 2, 12; 5, 46; 3, 68 fin.; 7, 36; 30, 30; 39, 15;

44, 10: subitae rei miraculo attoniti,

Tac. H. 4, 49; so id. ib. 2, 42; 3, 13. —With de:

mentis de lodice parandā Attonitae,

crazed, bewildered about getting a bed-blanket, Juv. 7, 67.—Also without an abl.:

Attonitae manibusque uterum celare volenti, Ov M. 2, 463: mater... Attonitae diu similis fuit,

id. ib. 5, 510; 6, 600;

12, 498: ut integris corporibus attoniti conciderent,

Liv. 10, 29:

attoniti vultus,

Tac. H. 1, 40:

circumspectare inter se attoniti,

id. ib. 2, 29:

attonitis etiam victoribus,

id. ib. 4, 72:

attonitā magis quam quietā contione,

id. A. 1, 39:

attonitis jam omnibus,

Suet. Caes. 28; id. Claud. 38; id. Dom. 17:

attonitos habes oculos,

Vulg. Job, 15, 12; ib. Prov 16, 30.— Poet., with gen.:

attonitus serpentis equus,

Sil. 6, 231.—Also poet. transf. to inanimate things:

neque enim ante dehiscent Attonitae magna ora domūs,

Verg. A. 6, 53 (but acc. to Serv. in an act. sense, syn. with attonitos facientes, stupendae, stunning, terrifying, as pallida senectus, etc.):

mensa,

Val. Fl. 1, 45:

arces,

Sil. 4, 7 Drak.:

quorundam persuasiones,

Plin. 29, 1, 8, § 28. —

Seized with inspiration, smitten with prophetic fury, inspired, frantic:

attonitae Baccho matres,

Verg. A. 7, 580:

Bacchus attonitae tribuit vexilla catervae,

Stat. S. 5, 1, 116: Vates, * Hor. C. 3, 19, 14.—

* Adv.: attŏnĭtē, frantically, etc.:

Britannia hodieque eum attonite celebrat etc.,

Plin. 30, 1, 4, § 13 (Jan, attonita).

cello, 3, v. a., found only in the compounds percello, procello; cf. Gr. kellô; Sanscr. kar, to kill; and Lat.: celer, celox.

cello, 3, v. n., found only in the compounds antecello, excello, praecello; v. celsus init.

clāva, ae, f. [root cel- of percello; cf. Gr. klaô and clades].

A knotty branch or stick, a staff, cudgel, club:

adfer duas clavas... probas,

Plaut. Rud. 3, 5, 20; Lucr. 5, 968:

sternentes agmina clavā,

Verg. A. 10, 318; Curt. 9, 4, 3; Ov. F. 1, 575; Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 43, § 94; Plin. 19, 1, 3, § 18; a bar, lever, Cato, R. R. 13, 1.—As a weapon for exercising, used by young men, and esp. by soldiers, a foil, Cic. Sen. 16, 58; Veg. Mil. 1, 11.—As a badge of Hercules, Prop. 4 (5) 9, 39; Ov. H. 9, 117; id. M. 9, 114; 9, 236; * Suet. Ner. 53; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 62 Müll.—Hence, prov., clavam Herculi extorquere, for an impossible undertaking, Macr. S. 5, 3; Don. Vit. Verg.— Also Clava Herculis, a plant, otherwise called nymphea, Marc. Emp. 33.—

In the lang. of economy, a graft, scion, Pall. Mart. 10, 12 and 13; cf. clavula.

per-cŭtĭo, cussi, cussum, 3 ( perf. contr. percusti for percussisti, Hor. S. 2, 3, 273), v. a. [quatio].

(With the notion of the per predominating.) To strike through and through, to thrust or pierce through (syn.: percello, transfigo).

Lit.:

percussus cultello,

Varr. R. R. 1, 69, 2:

gladio percussus,

Cic. Mil. 24, 65:

Mamilio pectus percussum,

Liv. 2, 19, 8:

coxam Aeneae,

Juv. 15, 66:

vena percutitur,

a vein is opened, blood is let, Sen. Ep. 70, 13:

fossam,

to cut through, dig a trench, Front. Strat. 3, 17; Plin. Ep. 10, 50, 4.—

Transf., to slay, kill (class.; cf.:

neco, perimo, ico, ferio): aliquem securi,

to behead, Cic. Pis. 34, 84; id. Fin. 1, 7, 23:

collum percussa securi Victima,

Ov. Tr. 4, 2, 5; Liv. 39, 43:

aliquem veneno,

App. M. 10, p. 252, 21:

hostem,

Suet. Calig. 3; Ov. H. 4, 94.—Hence, percutere foedus, to make a league, conclude a treaty (because an animal was slaughtered on the occasion;

only post-Aug. for ferio, ico), Auct. B. Alex. 44: cum Albanis foedus percussit,

Just. 42, 3, 4; 43, 5, 10; Vulg. 3 Reg. 5, 12.—

(With the idea of the verb predominating.) To strike, beat, hit, smite, shoot, etc. (cf.: ico, pulso, ferio).

Lit.

In gen. (class.):

ceu lapidem si Percutiat lapis aut ferrum,

Lucr. 6, 162:

cum Cato percussus esset ab eo, qui arcam ferebat,

had been struck, Cic. de Or. 2, 69, 279:

januam manu,

Tib. 1, 5, 68; 1, 6, 3:

turres de caelo percussae,

struck with lightning, Cic. Cat. 3, 8, 19; cf.:

hunc nec Juppiter fulmine percussit,

id. N. D. 3, 35, 84:

percussus ab aspide calcatā,

stung, bitten, Plin. 23, 1, 27, § 56; cf.: PERCVSSVS A VIPERA, Inscr. Vermigl. Iscriz. Perug. p. 319; Plin. 28, 3, 6, § 30; 28, 4, 10, § 44:

color percussus luce refulgit,

struck, Lucr. 2, 799; cf. Ov. M. 6, 63; Val. Fl. 1, 495:

auriculae (voce) percussae,

Prop. 1, 16, 28:

percussus vocibus circus,

Sil. 16, 398.— Neutr.:

sol percussit super caput,

Vulg. Jonae, 4, 8.—

In partic.

To strike, stamp, coin money (post-Aug.):

ut nummum argenteum notā sideris Capricorni percusserit,

Suet. Aug. 94; id. Ner. 25. —

To strike, play a musical instrument ( poet.):

lyram,

Ov. Am. 3, 12, 40; Val. Fl. 5, 100.—

As t. t. in weaving, to throw the shuttle with the woof: (lacernae) male percussae textoris pectine Galli, badly or coarsely woven, Juv. 9, 30.—

Haec meraclo se percussit flore Libyco (=vino Mareotico), to get drunk, Plaut. Cas. 3, 5, 16 (cf.: sauciare se flore Liberi, Enn. ap. Fulg. 562, 25).—

Trop.

To smite, strike, visit with calamity of any kind (class.):

percussus calamitate,

Cic. Mur. 24, 49:

percussus fortunae vulnere,

id. Ac. 1, 3, 11:

ruina,

Vulg. Zach. 14, 18: anathemate. id. Mal. 4, 6:

plaga,

id. 1 Macc. 1, 32:

in stuporem,

id. Zach. 12, 4.—

To strike, shock, make an impression upon, affect deeply, move, astound (class.):

percussisti me de oratione prolatā,

Cic. Att. 3, 12, 3; id. Mil. 29, 79: audivi ex Gavio, Romae esse hominem, et fuisse assiduum: percussit animum, it struck me, made me suspicious, id. Att. 4, 8, b, 3:

animos probabilitate,

id. Tusc. 5, 11, 33:

percussus atrocissimis litteris,

id. Fam. 9, 25, 3:

fragor aurem percutit,

Juv. 11, 98.—

To cheat, deceive, impose upon one (class.):

aliquem probe,

Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 9:

hominem eruditum,

Cic. Fl. 20, 46:

hominem strategemate,

id. Att. 5, 2, 2:

aliquem palpo,

to flatter, Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 28.—

(Acc. to II. A. 2. a.) To strike, stamp (post-Aug.):

facta dictaque tua unā formā percussa sunt,

Sen. Ep. 34, 3.