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21 production
(pdn)n вир., ком., ек. 1. виробництво; вироблення; виготовлення, видобуток; продукція; a виробничий; 2. виробіток; продуктивність1. процес перетворення матеріалів, праці, капіталу та знань у товари (goods) і послуги (service¹) для задоволення людських потреб; ♦ під поняттям «виробництво» розуміється не лише процес виготовлення фізичних товарів, а також і надання різного роду послуг, напр.: послуги фінансових установ, банківські операції; послуги, які забезпечені урядом і які не продаються, напр. бібліотек, поліції, заходи з охорони здоров'я, контроль якості харчових продуктів і т. ін.; зусилля лікарів, адвокатів, постачальників транспорту, торговців тощо; 2. кількість чого-небудь, виготовленого в результаті трудової діяльності═════════■═════════agricultural production сільськогосподарське виробництво; annual production річний виробіток; assembly-line production конвеєрне виробництво; automatic production автоматичне виробництво; average daily production середньодобова продуктивність; basic production виробництво основного продукту; batch production серійне виробництво • виготовлення продукції партіями; by-product production виробництво побічних продуктів; continuous production неперервне виробництво; contract production виготовлення продукції за контрактом; controlled production контрольоване виробництво; current production поточне виробництво; daily production добова продукція • денний виробіток; efficient production ефективне виробництво • високий виробіток; estimated production розрахункова продуктивність; flexible production гнучке виробництво; flow-line production потокове виробництво; full production серійне виробництво; full-scale production повномасштабне виробництво • серійне виробництво; high-run production великосерійне виробництво; high-volume production масове виробництво; incomplete production незавершене виробництво; industrial production промислове виробництво; inefficient production неефективне виробництво • низька продуктивність; in-line production потокове виробництво; jobbing production дрібносерійне виробництво; job lot production дрібно-серійне виробництво; joint production спільне виробництво; just-in-time production система виробництва «точно в строк»; large-lot production великосерійне виробництво; large-scale production великосерійне виробництво; least-cost production виробництво з найменшими витратами; lot production серійне виробництво • виготовлення продукції партіями; machine production машинне виробництво; mass production масове виробництво; material production матеріальне виробництво; medium-size lot production середньосерійне виробництво; monthly production місячний виробіток • місячна продуктивність; multiple production великосерійне виробництво; multistage production багаторівневе виробництво • багатоступеневе виробництво; net production чистий обсяг виробництва; nonstandard production нестандартне виробництво; overall production загальний обсяг виробництва; planned production планове виробництво; primary production виробництво сировини • видобувна промисловість; profitable production прибуткове виробництво; programmed production програмне виробництво; prototype production прототипне виробництво; quality production виробництво високоякісних виробів; quarterly production квартальний виробіток; roundabout production непряме виробництво • автоматизоване виробництво • технологічно містке виробництво; serial production серійне виробництво; short-run production дрібносерійне виробництво; small-lot production дрібносе-рійне виробництво; small-scale production дрібносерійне виробництво; standard production стандартне виробництво; tertiary production сфера надання послуг; total production загальний обсяг виробництва; volume production потоково-серійне виробництво • масове виробництво; waste-free production безвідходне виробництво; wasteful production затратне виробництво • збиткове виробництво═════════□═════════efficiency in production ефективність виробництва; factors of production; production account виробничий рахунок; production analysis аналіз виробництва; production capacity виробничі потужності; production cartel виробничий картель; production ceiling верхня межа виробництва; production control контроль виробництва; production cost; production cost accounting облік витрат виробництва; production costs in the long-run виробничі витрати у довгостроковому періоді; production cutback скорочення обсягу виробництва; production deficit дефіцит виробництва; production facilities виробниче обладнання; production function виробнича функція; production goods; production grid виробнича сітка; production in bulk масове виробництво; production incentive стимулювання виробництва; production index індекс обсягу виробництва; production-indifference curve крива постійного обсягу виробництва • ізокванта; production in lots серійне виробництво • виготовлення продукції партіями; production line; production line supervisor керівник виробничої лінії; production machinery виробниче устаткування; production management управління виробництвом; production manager керівник виробництва • начальник виробничого відділу; production methods методи виробництва; production optimum виробничий оптимум • оптимальна програма виробництва • оптимальний план виробництва; production overheads; production per hour погодинна продуктивність; production per man-hour продукція за людино-годину; production plan виробничий план; production planning планування виробництва; production planning and control планування і контроль виробництва; production possibilities виробничі можливості • виробничий потенціал; production processes процеси виробництва; production set виробнича множина • виробничі можливості; production reorganization реорганізація виробництва; production resources виробничі ресурси; production run серійне виробництво • масове виробництво; production schedule виробничий календарний план; production scheduling складання виробничого календарного плану; production sequence послідовність виробничих операцій; production standstill затримка виробництва; production subsidies субсидії на виробництво; production supplies виробничий запас; production technique виробнича технологія • технологія виробництва; production under license виробництво за ліцензією; production volume обсяг виробництва; production volume variance; to boost production збільшувати/збільшити виробництво; to check production гальмувати/загальмувати виробництво; to commence production починати/почати виробництво; to curb production зменшувати/зменшити виробництво; to curtail production зменшувати/зменшити виробництво; to cut down on production зменшувати/зменшити виробництво; to cut off production припиняти/припинити виробництво; to go into full production розгортати/розгорнути виробництво на повний обсяг; to hold back production гальмувати/загальмувати виробництво; to increase production збільшувати/збільшити виробництво; to phase out production звужувати/звузити виробництво; to put into production запускати/запустити у виробництво; to put into full production розгортати/розгорнути виробництво на повний обсяг; to reduce production зменшувати/зменшити виробництво; to restrict production обмежувати/обмежити виробництво; to set up production налагоджувати/ налагодити виробництво; to slow down production гальмувати/загальмувати виробництво; to start production починати/почати виробництво; to step up production прискорювати/прискорити виробництво; to stop production припиняти/припинити виробництво; to switch over production переключати/переключити виробництво; to withdraw from production знімати/зняти з виробництва -
22 officer
офицер; должностное лицо; сотрудник; укомплектовывать офицерским составом; командоватьAir officer, Administration, Strike Command — Бр. начальник административного управления командования ВВС в Великобритании
Air officer, Engineering, Strike Command — Бр. начальник инженерно-технического управления командования ВВС в Великобритании
Air officer, Maintenance, RAF Support Command — Бр. начальник управления технического обслуживания командования тыла ВВС
Air officer, Training, RAF Support Command — начальник управления подготовки ЛС командования тыла ВВС
assistant G3 plans officer — помощник начальника оперативного отдела [отделения] по планированию
Flag officer, Germany — командующий ВМС ФРГ
Flag officer, Naval Air Command — Бр. командующий авиацией ВМС
Flag officer, Submarines — Бр. командующий подводными силами ВМС
float an officer (through personnel channels) — направлять личное дело офицера (в различные кадровые инстанции);
General officer Commanding, Royal Marines — Бр. командующий МП
General officer Commanding, the Artillery Division — командир артиллерийской дивизии (БРА)
landing zone (aircraft) control officer — офицер по управлению авиацией в районе десантирования (ВДВ)
officer, responsible for the exercise — офицер, ответственный за учение (ВМС)
Principal Medical officer, Strike Command — Бр. начальник медицинской службы командования ВВС в Великобритании
Senior Air Staff officer, Strike Command — Бр. НШ командования ВВС в Великобритании
senior officer, commando assault unit — Бр. командир штурмового отряда «коммандос»
senior officer, naval assault unit — Бр. командир военно-морского штурмового отряда
senior officer, naval build-up unit — Бр. командир военно-морского отряда наращивания сил десанта
senior officer, present — старший из присутствующих начальников
senior officer, Royal Artillery — Бр. старший начальник артиллерии
senior officer, Royal Engineers — Бр. старший начальник инженерных войск
short service term (commissioned) officer — Бр. офицер, призываемый на кратковременную службу; офицер, проходящий службу по краткосрочному контракту
tactical air officer (afloat) — офицер по управлению ТА поддержки (морского) десанта (на корабле управления)
The Dental officer, US Marine Corps — начальник зубоврачебной службы МП США
The Medical officer, US Marine Corps — начальник медицинской службы МП США
— burial supervising officer— company grade officer— education services officer— field services officer— fire prevention officer— general duty officer— information activities officer— logistics readiness officer— regular commissioned officer— security control officer— supply management officer— transportation officer— water supply officer* * * -
23 near cash
!гос. фин. The resource budget contains a separate control total for “near cash” expenditure, that is expenditure such as pay and current grants which impacts directly on the measure of the golden rule.This paper provides background information on the framework for the planning and control of public expenditure in the UK which has been operated since the 1998 Comprehensive Spending Review (CSR). It sets out the different classifications of spending for budgeting purposes and why these distinctions have been adopted. It discusses how the public expenditure framework is designed to ensure both sound public finances and an outcome-focused approach to public expenditure.The UK's public spending framework is based on several key principles:"consistency with a long-term, prudent and transparent regime for managing the public finances as a whole;" "the judgement of success by policy outcomes rather than resource inputs;" "strong incentives for departments and their partners in service delivery to plan over several years and plan together where appropriate so as to deliver better public services with greater cost effectiveness; and"the proper costing and management of capital assets to provide the right incentives for public investment.The Government sets policy to meet two firm fiscal rules:"the Golden Rule states that over the economic cycle, the Government will borrow only to invest and not to fund current spending; and"the Sustainable Investment Rule states that net public debt as a proportion of GDP will be held over the economic cycle at a stable and prudent level. Other things being equal, net debt will be maintained below 40 per cent of GDP over the economic cycle.Achievement of the fiscal rules is assessed by reference to the national accounts, which are produced by the Office for National Statistics, acting as an independent agency. The Government sets its spending envelope to comply with these fiscal rules.Departmental Expenditure Limits ( DEL) and Annually Managed Expenditure (AME)"Departmental Expenditure Limit ( DEL) spending, which is planned and controlled on a three year basis in Spending Reviews; and"Annually Managed Expenditure ( AME), which is expenditure which cannot reasonably be subject to firm, multi-year limits in the same way as DEL. AME includes social security benefits, local authority self-financed expenditure, debt interest, and payments to EU institutions.More information about DEL and AME is set out below.In Spending Reviews, firm DEL plans are set for departments for three years. To ensure consistency with the Government's fiscal rules departments are set separate resource (current) and capital budgets. The resource budget contains a separate control total for “near cash” expenditure, that is expenditure such as pay and current grants which impacts directly on the measure of the golden rule.To encourage departments to plan over the medium term departments may carry forward unspent DEL provision from one year into the next and, subject to the normal tests for tautness and realism of plans, may be drawn down in future years. This end-year flexibility also removes any incentive for departments to use up their provision as the year end approaches with less regard to value for money. For the full benefits of this flexibility and of three year plans to feed through into improved public service delivery, end-year flexibility and three year budgets should be cascaded from departments to executive agencies and other budget holders.Three year budgets and end-year flexibility give those managing public services the stability to plan their operations on a sensible time scale. Further, the system means that departments cannot seek to bid up funds each year (before 1997, three year plans were set and reviewed in annual Public Expenditure Surveys). So the credibility of medium-term plans has been enhanced at both central and departmental level.Departments have certainty over the budgetary allocation over the medium term and these multi-year DEL plans are strictly enforced. Departments are expected to prioritise competing pressures and fund these within their overall annual limits, as set in Spending Reviews. So the DEL system provides a strong incentive to control costs and maximise value for money.There is a small centrally held DEL Reserve. Support from the Reserve is available only for genuinely unforeseeable contingencies which departments cannot be expected to manage within their DEL.AME typically consists of programmes which are large, volatile and demand-led, and which therefore cannot reasonably be subject to firm multi-year limits. The biggest single element is social security spending. Other items include tax credits, Local Authority Self Financed Expenditure, Scottish Executive spending financed by non-domestic rates, and spending financed from the proceeds of the National Lottery.AME is reviewed twice a year as part of the Budget and Pre-Budget Report process reflecting the close integration of the tax and benefit system, which was enhanced by the introduction of tax credits.AME is not subject to the same three year expenditure limits as DEL, but is still part of the overall envelope for public expenditure. Affordability is taken into account when policy decisions affecting AME are made. The Government has committed itself not to take policy measures which are likely to have the effect of increasing social security or other elements of AME without taking steps to ensure that the effects of those decisions can be accommodated prudently within the Government's fiscal rules.Given an overall envelope for public spending, forecasts of AME affect the level of resources available for DEL spending. Cautious estimates and the AME margin are built in to these AME forecasts and reduce the risk of overspending on AME.Together, DEL plus AME sum to Total Managed Expenditure (TME). TME is a measure drawn from national accounts. It represents the current and capital spending of the public sector. The public sector is made up of central government, local government and public corporations.Resource and Capital Budgets are set in terms of accruals information. Accruals information measures resources as they are consumed rather than when the cash is paid. So for example the Resource Budget includes a charge for depreciation, a measure of the consumption or wearing out of capital assets."Non cash charges in budgets do not impact directly on the fiscal framework. That may be because the national accounts use a different way of measuring the same thing, for example in the case of the depreciation of departmental assets. Or it may be that the national accounts measure something different: for example, resource budgets include a cost of capital charge reflecting the opportunity cost of holding capital; the national accounts include debt interest."Within the Resource Budget DEL, departments have separate controls on:"Near cash spending, the sub set of Resource Budgets which impacts directly on the Golden Rule; and"The amount of their Resource Budget DEL that departments may spend on running themselves (e.g. paying most civil servants’ salaries) is limited by Administration Budgets, which are set in Spending Reviews. Administration Budgets are used to ensure that as much money as practicable is available for front line services and programmes. These budgets also help to drive efficiency improvements in departments’ own activities. Administration Budgets exclude the costs of frontline services delivered directly by departments.The Budget preceding a Spending Review sets an overall envelope for public spending that is consistent with the fiscal rules for the period covered by the Spending Review. In the Spending Review, the Budget AME forecast for year one of the Spending Review period is updated, and AME forecasts are made for the later years of the Spending Review period.The 1998 Comprehensive Spending Review ( CSR), which was published in July 1998, was a comprehensive review of departmental aims and objectives alongside a zero-based analysis of each spending programme to determine the best way of delivering the Government's objectives. The 1998 CSR allocated substantial additional resources to the Government's key priorities, particularly education and health, for the three year period from 1999-2000 to 2001-02.Delivering better public services does not just depend on how much money the Government spends, but also on how well it spends it. Therefore the 1998 CSR introduced Public Service Agreements (PSAs). Each major government department was given its own PSA setting out clear targets for achievements in terms of public service improvements.The 1998 CSR also introduced the DEL/ AME framework for the control of public spending, and made other framework changes. Building on the investment and reforms delivered by the 1998 CSR, successive spending reviews in 2000, 2002 and 2004 have:"provided significant increase in resources for the Government’s priorities, in particular health and education, and cross-cutting themes such as raising productivity; extending opportunity; and building strong and secure communities;" "enabled the Government significantly to increase investment in public assets and address the legacy of under investment from past decades. Departmental Investment Strategies were introduced in SR2000. As a result there has been a steady increase in public sector net investment from less than ¾ of a per cent of GDP in 1997-98 to 2¼ per cent of GDP in 2005-06, providing better infrastructure across public services;" "introduced further refinements to the performance management framework. PSA targets have been reduced in number over successive spending reviews from around 300 to 110 to give greater focus to the Government’s highest priorities. The targets have become increasingly outcome-focused to deliver further improvements in key areas of public service delivery across Government. They have also been refined in line with the conclusions of the Devolving Decision Making Review to provide a framework which encourages greater devolution and local flexibility. Technical Notes were introduced in SR2000 explaining how performance against each PSA target will be measured; and"not only allocated near cash spending to departments, but also – since SR2002 - set Resource DEL plans for non cash spending.To identify what further investments and reforms are needed to equip the UK for the global challenges of the decade ahead, on 19 July 2005 the Chief Secretary to the Treasury announced that the Government intends to launch a second Comprehensive Spending Review (CSR) reporting in 2007.A decade on from the first CSR, the 2007 CSR will represent a long-term and fundamental review of government expenditure. It will cover departmental allocations for 2008-09, 2009-10 and 2010 11. Allocations for 2007-08 will be held to the agreed figures already announced by the 2004 Spending Review. To provide a rigorous analytical framework for these departmental allocations, the Government will be taking forward a programme of preparatory work over 2006 involving:"an assessment of what the sustained increases in spending and reforms to public service delivery have achieved since the first CSR. The assessment will inform the setting of new objectives for the decade ahead;" "an examination of the key long-term trends and challenges that will shape the next decade – including demographic and socio-economic change, globalisation, climate and environmental change, global insecurity and technological change – together with an assessment of how public services will need to respond;" "to release the resources needed to address these challenges, and to continue to secure maximum value for money from public spending over the CSR period, a set of zero-based reviews of departments’ baseline expenditure to assess its effectiveness in delivering the Government’s long-term objectives; together with"further development of the efficiency programme, building on the cross cutting areas identified in the Gershon Review, to embed and extend ongoing efficiency savings into departmental expenditure planning.The 2007 CSR also offers the opportunity to continue to refine the PSA framework so that it drives effective delivery and the attainment of ambitious national standards.Public Service Agreements (PSAs) were introduced in the 1998 CSR. They set out agreed targets detailing the outputs and outcomes departments are expected to deliver with the resources allocated to them. The new spending regime places a strong emphasis on outcome targets, for example in providing for better health and higher educational standards or service standards. The introduction in SR2004 of PSA ‘standards’ will ensure that high standards in priority areas are maintained.The Government monitors progress against PSA targets, and departments report in detail twice a year in their annual Departmental Reports (published in spring) and in their autumn performance reports. These reports provide Parliament and the public with regular updates on departments’ performance against their targets.Technical Notes explain how performance against each PSA target will be measured.To make the most of both new investment and existing assets, there needs to be a coherent long term strategy against which investment decisions are taken. Departmental Investment Strategies (DIS) set out each department's plans to deliver the scale and quality of capital stock needed to underpin its objectives. The DIS includes information about the department's existing capital stock and future plans for that stock, as well as plans for new investment. It also sets out the systems that the department has in place to ensure that it delivers its capital programmes effectively.This document was updated on 19 December 2005.Near-cash resource expenditure that has a related cash implication, even though the timing of the cash payment may be slightly different. For example, expenditure on gas or electricity supply is incurred as the fuel is used, though the cash payment might be made in arrears on aquarterly basis. Other examples of near-cash expenditure are: pay, rental.Net cash requirement the upper limit agreed by Parliament on the cash which a department may draw from theConsolidated Fund to finance the expenditure within the ambit of its Request forResources. It is equal to the agreed amount of net resources and net capital less non-cashitems and working capital.Non-cash cost costs where there is no cash transaction but which are included in a body’s accounts (or taken into account in charging for a service) to establish the true cost of all the resourcesused.Non-departmental a body which has a role in the processes of government, but is not a government public body, NDPBdepartment or part of one. NDPBs accordingly operate at arm’s length from governmentMinisters.Notional cost of a cost which is taken into account in setting fees and charges to improve comparability with insuranceprivate sector service providers.The charge takes account of the fact that public bodies donot generally pay an insurance premium to a commercial insurer.the independent body responsible for collecting and publishing official statistics about theUK’s society and economy. (At the time of going to print legislation was progressing tochange this body to the Statistics Board).Office of Government an office of the Treasury, with a status similar to that of an agency, which aims to maximise Commerce, OGCthe government’s purchasing power for routine items and combine professional expertiseto bear on capital projects.Office of the the government department responsible for discharging the Paymaster General’s statutoryPaymaster General,responsibilities to hold accounts and make payments for government departments and OPGother public bodies.Orange bookthe informal title for Management of Risks: Principles and Concepts, which is published by theTreasury for the guidance of public sector bodies.Office for NationalStatistics, ONS60Managing Public Money————————————————————————————————————————"GLOSSARYOverdraftan account with a negative balance.Parliament’s formal agreement to authorise an activity or expenditure.Prerogative powerspowers exercisable under the Royal Prerogative, ie powers which are unique to the Crown,as contrasted with common-law powers which may be available to the Crown on the samebasis as to natural persons.Primary legislationActs which have been passed by the Westminster Parliament and, where they haveappropriate powers, the Scottish Parliament and the Northern Ireland Assembly. Begin asBills until they have received Royal Assent.arrangements under which a public sector organisation contracts with a private sectorentity to construct a facility and provide associated services of a specified quality over asustained period. See annex 7.5.Proprietythe principle that patterns of resource consumption should respect Parliament’s intentions,conventions and control procedures, including any laid down by the PAC. See box 2.4.Public Accountssee Committee of Public Accounts.CommitteePublic corporationa trading body controlled by central government, local authority or other publiccorporation that has substantial day to day operating independence. See section 7.8.Public Dividend finance provided by government to public sector bodies as an equity stake; an alternative to Capital, PDCloan finance.Public Service sets out what the public can expect the government to deliver with its resources. EveryAgreement, PSAlarge government department has PSA(s) which specify deliverables as targets or aimsrelated to objectives.a structured arrangement between a public sector and a private sector organisation tosecure an outcome delivering good value for money for the public sector. It is classified tothe public or private sector according to which has more control.Rate of returnthe financial remuneration delivered by a particular project or enterprise, expressed as apercentage of the net assets employed.Regularitythe principle that resource consumption should accord with the relevant legislation, therelevant delegated authority and this document. See box 2.4.Request for the functional level into which departmental Estimates may be split. RfRs contain a number Resources, RfRof functions being carried out by the department in pursuit of one or more of thatdepartment’s objectives.Resource accountan accruals account produced in line with the Financial Reporting Manual (FReM).Resource accountingthe system under which budgets, Estimates and accounts are constructed in a similar wayto commercial audited accounts, so that both plans and records of expenditure allow in fullfor the goods and services which are to be, or have been, consumed – ie not just the cashexpended.Resource budgetthe means by which the government plans and controls the expenditure of resources tomeet its objectives.Restitutiona legal concept which allows money and property to be returned to its rightful owner. Ittypically operates where another person can be said to have been unjustly enriched byreceiving such monies.Return on capital the ratio of profit to capital employed of an accounting entity during an identified period.employed, ROCEVarious measures of profit and of capital employed may be used in calculating the ratio.Public Privatepartnership, PPPPrivate Finance Initiative, PFIParliamentaryauthority61Managing Public Money"————————————————————————————————————————GLOSSARYRoyal charterthe document setting out the powers and constitution of a corporation established underprerogative power of the monarch acting on Privy Council advice.Second readingthe second formal time that a House of Parliament may debate a bill, although in practicethe first substantive debate on its content. If successful, it is deemed to denoteParliamentary approval of the principle of the proposed legislation.Secondary legislationlaws, including orders and regulations, which are made using powers in primary legislation.Normally used to set out technical and administrative provision in greater detail thanprimary legislation, they are subject to a less intense level of scrutiny in Parliament.European legislation is,however,often implemented in secondary legislation using powers inthe European Communities Act 1972.Service-level agreement between parties, setting out in detail the level of service to be performed.agreementWhere agreements are between central government bodies, they are not legally a contractbut have a similar function.Shareholder Executive a body created to improve the government’s performance as a shareholder in businesses.Spending reviewsets out the key improvements in public services that the public can expect over a givenperiod. It includes a thorough review of departmental aims and objectives to find the bestway of delivering the government’s objectives, and sets out the spending plans for the givenperiod.State aidstate support for a domestic body or company which could distort EU competition and sois not usually allowed. See annex 4.9.Statement of Excessa formal statement detailing departments’ overspends prepared by the Comptroller andAuditor General as a result of undertaking annual audits.Statement on Internal an annual statement that Accounting Officers are required to make as part of the accounts Control, SICon a range of risk and control issues.Subheadindividual elements of departmental expenditure identifiable in Estimates as single cells, forexample cell A1 being administration costs within a particular line of departmental spending.Supplyresources voted by Parliament in response to Estimates, for expenditure by governmentdepartments.Supply Estimatesa statement of the resources the government needs in the coming financial year, and forwhat purpose(s), by which Parliamentary authority is sought for the planned level ofexpenditure and income.Target rate of returnthe rate of return required of a project or enterprise over a given period, usually at least a year.Third sectorprivate sector bodies which do not act commercially,including charities,social and voluntaryorganisations and other not-for-profit collectives. See annex 7.7.Total Managed a Treasury budgeting term which covers all current and capital spending carried out by the Expenditure,TMEpublic sector (ie not just by central departments).Trading fundan organisation (either within a government department or forming one) which is largely orwholly financed from commercial revenue generated by its activities. Its Estimate shows itsnet impact, allowing its income from receipts to be devoted entirely to its business.Treasury Minutea formal administrative document drawn up by the Treasury, which may serve a wide varietyof purposes including seeking Parliamentary approval for the use of receipts asappropriations in aid, a remission of some or all of the principal of voted loans, andresponding on behalf of the government to reports by the Public Accounts Committee(PAC).62Managing Public Money————————————————————————————————————————GLOSSARY63Managing Public MoneyValue for moneythe process under which organisation’s procurement, projects and processes aresystematically evaluated and assessed to provide confidence about suitability, effectiveness,prudence,quality,value and avoidance of error and other waste,judged for the public sectoras a whole.Virementthe process through which funds are moved between subheads such that additionalexpenditure on one is met by savings on one or more others.Votethe process by which Parliament approves funds in response to supply Estimates.Voted expenditureprovision for expenditure that has been authorised by Parliament. Parliament ‘votes’authority for public expenditure through the Supply Estimates process. Most expenditureby central government departments is authorised in this way.Wider market activity activities undertaken by central government organisations outside their statutory duties,using spare capacity and aimed at generating a commercial profit. See annex 7.6.Windfallmonies received by a department which were not anticipated in the spending review.———————————————————————————————————————— -
24 guidance
управление; ркт. наведение; руководящие [директивные] указания; директива; руководствоstellar-inertia! guidance — астроинерциальное наведение, инерциальное наведение с астрокоррекцпей
terrain (contour) matching guidance — корреляционное наведение методом сопоставления эталонной картографической программы с РЛ отображением местности
— beam climber guidance— celestial navigation guidance— fixed lead-angle guidance— gravitational correlation guidance— gravitational guidance— hyperbolic navigation guidance— instrumental guidance— launching-phase guidance— lead-angle guidance— proportional closure guidance— tracking guidance* * * -
25 forward
1.['fɔːwəd]adverb1) (in direction faced) vorwärts2) (towards end of room etc. faced) nach vorn; vor[laufen, -rücken, -schieben]3) (closer) heranhe came forward to greet me — er kam auf mich zu, um mich zu begrüßen
4) (ahead, in advance) voraus[schicken, -gehen]5) (into future) voraus[schauen, -denken]6)2. adjectivecome forward — (present oneself) [Zeuge, Helfer:] sich melden
1) (directed ahead) vorwärts gerichtet; nach vorn nachgestellt2) (at or to the front) Vorder-; vorder...3) (advanced) frühreif [Kind, Pflanze, Getreide]; fortschrittlich [Vorstellung, Ansicht, Maßnahme]4) (bold) dreist5) (Commerc.) Termin[geschäft, -verkauf]; Zukunfts[planung]3. noun 4. transitive verb1) (send on) nachschicken [Brief, Paket, Post] (to an + Akk.); (dispatch) abschicken [Waren] (to an + Akk.)‘please forward’ — "bitte nachsenden"
forwarding address — Nachsendeanschrift, die
2) (pass on) weiterreichen, weiterleiten [Vorschlag, Plan] (to an + Akk.)3) (Computing) weiterleiten4) (promote) voranbringen [Karriere, Vorbereitung]* * *['fo:wəd] 1. adjective1) (moving on; advancing: a forward movement.) vorwärts gerichtet2) (at or near the front: The forward part of a ship is called the `bows'.) vorder2. adverb1) ((also forwards) moving towards the front: A pendulum swings backward(s) and forward(s).) vorwärts2) (to a later time: from this time forward.) weiter3. noun 4. verb(to send (letters etc) on to another address: I have asked the post office to forward my mail.) nachsenden- academic.ru/9036/bring_forward">bring forward* * *for·ward[ˈfɔ:wəd, AM ˈfɔ:rwɚd]I. adv1. (towards front) nach vorn[e]the traffic moved \forward slowly der Verkehr bewegte sich langsam vorwärtsthere was a general movement \forward es gab eine allgemeine Vorwärtsbewegungto lean \forward sich akk vorlehnena leap/step \forward ein Sprung/Schritt nach vorn[e]to be [no] further \forward [nicht] weiter sein3. (close to front) vorn[e]all the main cargo holds are \forward of the bridge alle Hauptfrachträume liegen vor der Brücke4. (earlier in time)we brought the starting time \forward an hour wir verlegten die Startzeit eine Stunde vorto put the clock/one's watch \forward die Uhr/seine Armbanduhr vorstellenfrom that day/time \forward von jenem Tag/jener Zeit anII. adj\forward movement Vorwärtsbewegung f2. (near front) vordere(r, s)\forward look Vorschau f\forward planning Vorausplanung f5. (for future delivery) Termin-\forward buying Terminkauf m\forward step Schritt m nach vorncentre \forward Mittelstürmer(in) m(f)IV. vt1. (pass on)▪ to \forward sth [to sb] etw [an jdn] weiterleiten“please \forward” „bitte nachsenden“▪ to \forward sth etw vorantreibento \forward sb's interests jds Interessen vertreten* * *['fɔːwəd]1. adv1) ( = onward[s], ahead) vorwärts; (= to the front, to particular point, out of line) nach vornhe drove backward(s) and forward(s) between the station and the house — er fuhr zwischen Haus und Bahnhof hin und her
2)if we think forward to the next stage — wenn wir an die vor uns liegende nächste Stufe denken3)(= into prominence)
to come forward — sich meldento bring forward new evidence — neue Beweise pl vorlegen
2. adj1) (in place) vordere(r, s); (in direction) Vorwärts-2) (in time) planning Voraus-; (COMM) buying, price Termin-; (= well-advanced) season (weit) fortgeschritten; plants früh pred; children frühreifI'd like to be further forward with my work — ich wollte, ich wäre mit meiner Arbeit schon weiter
good forward thinking, Jones — gute Voraussicht, Jones
3) (= presumptuous, pert) dreist3. n (SPORT)Stürmer(in) m(f)4. vtwe'll forward your suggestions to the committee — wir werden Ihre Vorschläge an den Ausschuss weiterleiten
* * *forward [ˈfɔː(r)wə(r)d]A adv vor…, nach vorn, vorwärts, voran…, voraus…:from this day forward von heute an;freight forward WIRTSCH Fracht gegen Nachnahme;buy forward WIRTSCH auf Termin kaufen;go forward fig Fortschritte machen;help forward weiterhelfen (dat);B adj (adv forwardly)1. vorwärts oder nach vorn gerichtet, Vorwärts…:forward planning Voraus-, Zukunftsplanung f;2. vorder(er, e, es)3. a) BOT frühreif (auch fig Kind)b) zeitig (Jahreszeit etc)4. ZOOLa) hochträchtigb) gut entwickelt5. fig fortschrittlich7. fig vorlaut, dreist8. fig vorschnell, -eiligforward exchange Termindevisen pl;forward exchange market Devisenterminmarkt m;forward operation Termingeschäft n;C s SPORT Stürmer(in):forward line Stürmer-, Sturmreihe fD v/t1. beschleunigen2. fördern, begünstigen3. a) (ver)senden, schickenb) befördern4. einen Brief etc nachsendenE v/i “please forward” „bitte nachsenden“* * *1.['fɔːwəd]adverb1) (in direction faced) vorwärts2) (towards end of room etc. faced) nach vorn; vor[laufen, -rücken, -schieben]3) (closer) heranhe came forward to greet me — er kam auf mich zu, um mich zu begrüßen
4) (ahead, in advance) voraus[schicken, -gehen]5) (into future) voraus[schauen, -denken]6)2. adjectivecome forward — (present oneself) [Zeuge, Helfer:] sich melden
1) (directed ahead) vorwärts gerichtet; nach vorn nachgestellt2) (at or to the front) Vorder-; vorder...3) (advanced) frühreif [Kind, Pflanze, Getreide]; fortschrittlich [Vorstellung, Ansicht, Maßnahme]4) (bold) dreist5) (Commerc.) Termin[geschäft, -verkauf]; Zukunfts[planung]3. noun 4. transitive verb1) (send on) nachschicken [Brief, Paket, Post] (to an + Akk.); (dispatch) abschicken [Waren] (to an + Akk.)‘please forward’ — "bitte nachsenden"
forwarding address — Nachsendeanschrift, die
2) (pass on) weiterreichen, weiterleiten [Vorschlag, Plan] (to an + Akk.)3) (Computing) weiterleiten4) (promote) voranbringen [Karriere, Vorbereitung]* * *(football) n.Vorwärts- präfix.dreist adj.fortschrittlich adj.nach vorn adj.vorlaut adj.vorwärts adj. v.befördern v.begünstigen v.fördern v.nachsenden v.schicken v.senden v.(§ p.,pp.: sandte (sendete), gesandt (gesendet))versenden v.weiterleiten (Brief) v. -
26 production
(process) production f, fabrication f; (amount produced) production;∎ the workers have halted production les travailleurs ont arrêté la production;∎ to go into/out of production être/ne plus être fabriqué(e);∎ this model is now in production le modèle est en cours de production;∎ is it in production yet? est-ce qu'on en a commencé la production?;∎ this model went into/out of production in 2001 on a commencé la fabrication de ce modèle/ce modèle a été retiré de la production en 2001;∎ to cease production arrêter la production;∎ to move or shift production relocaliser son unité de production;∎ an increase/a fall in production une hausse/une baisse de la productionproduction budget budget m de production;production capacity capacité f de production;production control direction f de la production;production cost coût m de production;production department service m (de) production;production engineering productique f;production facilities appareil m de production;production factor facteur m de production;production flowchart organigramme m de production;production incentive prime f de rendement;production lead time délai m de production;production line chaîne f de montage;∎ to work on a production line travailler à la chaîne;∎ this model has just come off the production line ce modèle vient juste de sortir de la chaîne de production;production management gestion f de la production;production manager directeur(trice) m, f de la production;ACCOUNTANCY production overheads frais m généraux de production;production planning planning m de la production;production plant usine f;production schedule programme m de fabrication;production scheduling programmation f de la production;production target objectif m de production;production tool outil m de production;production unit unité f de production;production worker agent m de fabrication -
27 map
-
28 method
1) метод; способ; средство2) система; порядок3) технология4) методика•- method of applying liquid lubrication - method of calculation - method of column analogy - method of comparison - method of connecting - method of determining bending moments by fixed points - method of directions - method of elastic arch - method of elastic weights - method of electric needles - method of exchange of members - method of firing - method of fixed points - method of images - method of initial parameters - method of joints - method of least squares - method of least work - method of limit equilibrium - method of minimum strain energy - method of moments - method of movement - method of operation - method of payment - method of planning - method of production - method of redundant reactions - method of rotations - method of sections - method of separate joint displacement - method of slopes - method of stowage - method of strain measurement method - method of substitute redundant members - method of successive approximations - method of successive corrections - method of training - method of transportation - method of working - method of zero moment points - methods of network planning and control - ad hoc method - advertising method - aero-projection method - air-permeability method - airslide method - approximation method - arbitrary proportions method - area moment method - artificial islands method - ball method of testing - bench method - bidding methods - brush method of treatment timber - building methods - caisson method - cantilever method of design - cassette method of production of thin-slab structures - central mixing method - centre drift method - centrifuge method - centroidal method of design - change-in-stress method - chemical injection method - closed building method - column analogy method of design - compressed-air method of tunnelling - concrete testing method - cone method - construction works quality control method - core-drill method - correlation method - cut-and-cover method - cut-and-try method - cylinder method - deflection method - design methods - development method - dip method - dipping method of treatment timber - effective method - electrolytic method - emulsified-asphalt penetration method - energy method - equal load increments method - equal strain method - error method - fabrication method - fixing method - float and chains method - flow-line conveyer method - force method - graphical method - heading method of tunnelling - hot-air heating standpipe method - hot penetration method - hydraulic fill method - impact method - kinematic method - lacquer film method - land-assembly methods - lift-slab method - limit equilibrium method - limit stage design method - line production method - loading method - magnaflux method - mechanical method by pumps - membrane method of waterproofing - mixed-in-place method - mock-up methods of design - modular ratio method - moire fringe method - moment area method - moment-distribution method - moment-of-inertia method of designing - mud-jack method - mulch method - near end moment distribution method - neutral-points method - non-destructive testing methods - normal method - packing methods - patented method of construction - penetration method - percussive pneumatic method of riveting - photo-elastic method of stress-determination - photo-elasticity method - pilot method - pilot tunnel method - pin-and-string method - pipe-bridge method - plastic method of design - plastic theory method - polarized light method - portal method of design - pounding method of curing concrete - production line method of construction - qualitative methods - quantitative methods - relaxation method - ring-and-ball method - rolled-on method - safe method of heat insulation - safety methods - sampling method - sand-bearing method of testing clay pipes - sand-island method - scheduling method - seismic method of prospecting - simultaneous construction method - slope deflection method - spatial self-fixation erection method - statistical analysis method - stovepipe pipe-laying method - strain-energy method - successive construction method - surface-coating method of waterproofing - synthetic method of restoration - thixotropic liquid method - tilt-up method - top-heading method - transfiguration method - trial-load method - turnover method - ultimate-strength method - ultrasonic pulse velocity method - void method of proportioning - volume method of concrete mix design - volumetric method - water-jet method of pile-driving - weight method - well-point method of excavation - work method - working stress method of design* * *метод, способ; система; порядок; методика; технология- method of analysis
- method of application
- method of attack
- method of bearing and distances
- method of bipolar coordinates
- method of calculation
- method of design
- method of detail survey
- method of elastic weights
- method of electric needles
- method of expansion into series
- method of fixed points
- method of intersection
- method of joint isolation
- method of least work
- methods of manufacture
- method of minimum strain energy
- method of moment distribution
- method of radiation
- method of redistribution of pressure
- method of sections
- method of steam jet
- methods of structural analysis
- method of successive approximations
- methods of testing
- method of water needles
- accepted method of building
- accepted method of house construction
- accurate method of analysis
- adhesive nail-on method
- admittance method
- advanced methods of concreting
- advance slope method
- aggregate exposure method
- air permeability method
- alternate methods
- American method
- analytical method of determining reactions
- API method of pile design
- approximate method
- approximation method
- area method
- area-moment method
- assembly methods
- Austrian method
- autogenous curing method
- balanced cantilever method
- Belgian method
- Benoto method
- bentonite method
- Billner method
- "bin" method
- boiling water method
- boom placement concreting method
- bricklaying methods
- building method
- building block module method
- cable method of rock stressing
- calculation method
- cantilever method
- Chicago method
- circular-arc method
- Coast-Survey method
- collapse method of structural design
- combined finite strip-finite element method
- compaction methods of clays
- conjugate beam method
- consistency measurement method
- construction methods
- construction and erection methods
- contiguous pile method
- continuous-flight augers method
- continuous-sample method of advance
- convergence method
- critical method
- critical path method
- Cross moment distribution method
- Cross method
- cross-section method
- current design methods
- cut-and-cover method
- dampproofing methods
- displacement method
- displacement method of advance
- dual-rail method
- dummy unit-load method
- dust-spot method
- Dutch cone method
- earth pressure balanced tunneling method
- elastic center method
- elastic weights method
- electric analogy method
- electric resisting method
- energy method
- equal friction method of duct sizing
- equal friction method
- equivalent load method
- erection method
- fast track construction methods
- fatigue test method
- finite difference method
- finite element method
- finite strip method
- flight auger method
- flotation caisson method
- flue loss method
- folded plate method of analysis
- force method
- free cantilever method of construction
- general method of analysis
- Glotzl hydraulic cell method
- Gow method
- Hardy Cross method
- housing appraisal method
- in-duct method
- industrialized methods of construction
- iterative method
- jack method
- jacking method
- lacquer curtain coating method
- laser beam method
- leap-frog method
- limit equilibrium method
- limit state method
- listening methods
- load factor design method
- mandrel method
- mathematical method of design
- matrix method of structural analysis
- maturity method
- measuring method
- mixed-mode method
- mix-in-place method
- modern building methods
- modular ratio method
- moiré fringe method
- moment-balance method
- nondestructive methods of tests
- normal method of quality control
- null method
- numerical method
- one-rail method
- optical square method
- permissible stress method
- phototheodolite method
- plastic methods of structural analysis
- plate count method
- precast concrete manufacturing methods
- pressuremeter method
- proven construction methods
- p-y method of pile design
- rapid test method
- ratio method of balancing
- rebound hammer method
- reference point method
- relaxation method
- reproducible methods
- resistivity method
- resonant-frequency method
- reverberant field method
- Rockwell method of hardness testing
- safe method
- safe working methods
- secant interlocking pile method
- secant pile method
- seismic method of surveying
- seismic reflection method
- seismic refraction method
- semiprobabilistic design method
- shear transfer method
- shock response method of pile testing
- sliding-wedge method
- slope deflection method
- solar radiation method
- sonic method
- special method of quality control
- standard test method
- static regain method of duct sizing
- static regain method
- statistical design method
- step-by-step method
- strength design method
- strength evaluation method
- successive approximations method
- suspended cantilever method
- swamp shooting method
- Tagg method
- tangent modulus method
- test methods
- Theis method
- thixotropic liquid method
- three-point method
- tilt-up method
- time-saving method of construction
- TNO method of analysis
- TNO method of pile testing
- transit and stadia method
- tremie method
- truss analogy method
- turn-of-nut method
- ultrasonic pulse velocity method
- vacuum concrete method of bridge construction
- valveless pulse-jet method
- vane shear method
- velocity reduction method of duct sizing
- velocity reduction method
- vibratory method
- Vickers method of hardness testing
- volume method of measuring aggregates
- warm water method
- water fog spray method
- western bricklaying method
- western method
- working-stress design method -
29 TOPS
1) Компьютерная техника: Technology Orientated Programming System3) Военный термин: Tactical Operations Support, Technical Order Page Supplements, Tera Operations Per Second, Time-Sensitive Operational Planning System, tactical optical projection system, technique for operational planning and scheduling, transistorized operational phone system4) Техника: telemetry on-line processing system5) Грубое выражение: Temple Of Passionate Seduction6) Телекоммуникации: Traffic Operator Position System7) Сокращение: Thousand Operations per Second, Total Operations Processing System, Total Organization Productivity Support (1992, was Operator Maintenance System), Transportation Optimization Planning and Scheduling system (2004, mail transportation planning program), thermoelectric outer planet spacecraft, Timesharing Operating System8) Университет: Talented Offerings ( for) Programs (in the) Sciences, Task Oriented Physical Science, Techniques Of Problem Solving, Therapies Occupational Physical And Speech, Tracking Of Programs And Students, Tuition Opportunity Program For Students, Twirling Odyssey Pom Squad9) Вычислительная техника: Timesharing / Total OPerating System (DEC, OS), Traffic Operator Position System (Telephony)10) Онкология: Teenage Oncology Patient Support11) Космонавтика: Technology Outreach Programme on Space for University Educators12) Транспорт: Tour Operators Program Of Safety, Travel Options Planning Service13) Фирменный знак: Technical Office Paraprofessional Service14) Деловая лексика: Targeted Organizational Performance System, Teamwork Openness Perspective Support, Technology Operations And Property Services, Technology Oriented Positioning Strategy, Tracking Of Professional Standards15) Образование: Take Opportunity To Praise Student, The Opportunity To Praise A Student, The Opportunity To Praise Students, Thinking Out Problems And Solutions, Three Opportunities To Praise A Student, Three Opportunities To Praise Students, Together Our Programs Succeed16) Океанография: Total Ocean Profiling System17) Расширение файла: Telephone Order Processing System18) Общественная организация: Take Off Pounds Sensibly -
30 tops
1) Компьютерная техника: Technology Orientated Programming System3) Военный термин: Tactical Operations Support, Technical Order Page Supplements, Tera Operations Per Second, Time-Sensitive Operational Planning System, tactical optical projection system, technique for operational planning and scheduling, transistorized operational phone system4) Техника: telemetry on-line processing system5) Грубое выражение: Temple Of Passionate Seduction6) Телекоммуникации: Traffic Operator Position System7) Сокращение: Thousand Operations per Second, Total Operations Processing System, Total Organization Productivity Support (1992, was Operator Maintenance System), Transportation Optimization Planning and Scheduling system (2004, mail transportation planning program), thermoelectric outer planet spacecraft, Timesharing Operating System8) Университет: Talented Offerings ( for) Programs (in the) Sciences, Task Oriented Physical Science, Techniques Of Problem Solving, Therapies Occupational Physical And Speech, Tracking Of Programs And Students, Tuition Opportunity Program For Students, Twirling Odyssey Pom Squad9) Вычислительная техника: Timesharing / Total OPerating System (DEC, OS), Traffic Operator Position System (Telephony)10) Онкология: Teenage Oncology Patient Support11) Космонавтика: Technology Outreach Programme on Space for University Educators12) Транспорт: Tour Operators Program Of Safety, Travel Options Planning Service13) Фирменный знак: Technical Office Paraprofessional Service14) Деловая лексика: Targeted Organizational Performance System, Teamwork Openness Perspective Support, Technology Operations And Property Services, Technology Oriented Positioning Strategy, Tracking Of Professional Standards15) Образование: Take Opportunity To Praise Student, The Opportunity To Praise A Student, The Opportunity To Praise Students, Thinking Out Problems And Solutions, Three Opportunities To Praise A Student, Three Opportunities To Praise Students, Together Our Programs Succeed16) Океанография: Total Ocean Profiling System17) Расширение файла: Telephone Order Processing System18) Общественная организация: Take Off Pounds Sensibly -
31 plan
1. IIplan for some time plan ahead (in advance, beforehand, etc.) планировать заранее /заблаговременно/ и т.д.; plan in some manner plan intelligently (carefully, realistically, etc.) планировать разумно и т.д.2. IIIplan smth.1) he is planning the rebuilding of his flat он намеревается перепланировать /переделать/ свою квартиру; plan a house (a new recreation centre, a garden, a new railway line, etc.) составлять проект дома и т.д.; he planned the streets of the new town он спланировал улицы /составил проект улиц/ нового города2) plan a trip (a journey, a holiday, one's vacation, a reception, etc.) планировать /задумывать/ поездку и т.д..; he is planning something он что-то замышляет /затевает/; plan a revenge замышлять месть; she planned each detail of the party она продумала /разработала/ все детали вечера3. IVplan smth. in some manner plan smth. systematically (methodically, competently, strategically, carefully, etc.) систематически и т.д. планировать /проектировать/ что-л.; she never plans ahead она никогда ничего заранее не планирует4. XIbe planned in some manner it was done as originally planned все прошло по первоначально задуманному плану /так, как было задумано/; the garden was well (poorly, cleverly, etc.) planned сад был хорошо и т.д. распланирован; be planned to do smth. the house was planned to give large sitting-rooms проект дома предусматривал большие гостиные5. XIIIplan to do smth. plan to visit Europe this summer (to go on to college after finishing high school, to lay out gardens and parks, etc.) собираться /намереваться, планировать/ посетить /поехать в/ Европу этим летом и т.д.; where do you plan to spend the summer? какие у вас планы на лето?; we have planned for you to stop till tomorrow мы рассчитывали, что вы останетесь до завтрашнего дня6. XIVplan doing smth. plan having a holiday (laying out gardens and parks, rebuilding the town, etc.) намереваться пойти в /планировать/ отпуск и т.д.7. XVIplan for (on) smth., smb. plan for the future строить планы на будущее; you'd better not plan on it вы лучше на это не рассчитывайте; she had not planned for so many guests она не рассчитывала на такое количество гостей8. XVIIplan on doing smth. I am planning on spending the coming holidays here я намерен провести предстоящий отпуск здесь9. XXI1plan smth. for smb., smth. I have been planning this visit for months я месяцами планировал эту поездку /думал об этой поездке/; they are planning this campaign for autumn они запланировали эту кампанию на осень -
32 forward
'fo:wəd
1. adjective1) (moving on; advancing: a forward movement.) hacia delante2) (at or near the front: The forward part of a ship is called the `bows'.) delantero
2. adverb1) ((also forwards) moving towards the front: A pendulum swings backward(s) and forward(s).) adelante, hacia adelante2) (to a later time: from this time forward.) en adelante
3. noun((in certain team games, eg football, hockey) a player in a forward position.) delantero
4. verb(to send (letters etc) on to another address: I have asked the post office to forward my mail.) remitirforward adj hacia adelantetr['fɔːwəd]1 (gen) hacia adelante2 (time) en adelante1 (position) delantero,-a, frontal; (movement) hacia delante2 (future) a largo plazo3 (advanced) adelantado,-a, precoz4 (too bold, too eager) atrevido,-a, descarado,-a, fresco,-a1 SMALLSPORT/SMALL delantero,-a1 (send on to new address) remitir; (send goods) enviar, expedir2 formal use (further, advance) adelantar, fomentar\SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALLto bring something forward (in time) adelantar algoto put the clock forward adelantar el relojforward roll SMALLSPORT/SMALL voltereta (hacia delante)forward ['fɔrwərd] vt1) promote: promover, adelantar, fomentar2) send: remitir, enviarforward adv1) : adelante, hacia adelanteto go forward: irse adelante2)from this day forward : de aquí en adelanteforward adj1) : hacia adelante, delantero2) brash: atrevido, descaradoforward n: delantero m, -ra f (en deportes)adj.• adelantado, -a adj.• arriscado, -a adj.• atrevido, -a adj.• avanzado, -a adj.• delante adj.• delantero, -a adj.• descocado, -a adj.• desenvuelto, -a adj.• desollado, -a adj.• precoz adj.adv.• adelante adv.• hacia adelante adv.n.• delantero s.m. (Mail)v.• retransmitir (Correo) v.v.• enviar v.• expedir v.• fomentar v.• reenviar v.• reexpedir v.
I 'fɔːrwərd, 'fɔːwədesp BrE forwards -z adverba) ( toward the front) <bend/slope/lean> hacia adelantelet's sit further forward — sentémonos más adelante; see also come forward, step forward
b) ( in time) (frml) en adelantefrom this day forward — desde hoy en adelante; see also bring, carry forward
II
1) (before n) ( in direction) <movement/motion> hacia adelanteforward pass — ( Sport) pase m adelantado
forward slash — noun barra f (oblicua)
2) ( advance)3) (assertive, pushy) atrevido, descarado
III
please forward — hacer* seguir
IV
['fɔːwǝd] When forward is an element in a phrasal verb, eg bring forward, come forward, step forward, look up the verb.1. ADJ1) (in position) delantero; (in movement) hacia adelante; (in time) adelantado, avanzado; [position] (Mil etc) avanzado; (Naut) de proa2) (=advanced) [child] precoz; [season, crop] adelantado3) (=presumptuous) [person, remark] atrevido2.ADV (gen) adelante, hacia adelante; (Naut) hacia la proaforward! — ¡adelante!
forward march! — (Mil) de frente ¡mar!
from that day forward — desde ese día en adelante, a partir de entonces
look forwardto go forward — ir hacia adelante, avanzar; (fig) progresar, hacer progresos
3.N (Sport) delantero(-a) m / f4. VT1) (=dispatch) [+ goods] expedir, enviar; (=send on) [+ letter] remitir"please forward" — "remítase al destinatario"
2) (=advance) [+ career, cause, interests] promover5.CPDforward buying N — (Comm) compra f a término
forward contract N — (Comm) contrato m a término
forward delivery N — (Comm) entrega f en fecha futura
forward exchange N — (Comm) cambio m a término
forward gear N — (Aut) marcha f de avance
forward line N — (Sport) delantera f ; (Mil) primera línea f de fuego
forward market N — (Comm) mercado m de futuros
forward pass N — (Rugby) pase m adelantado
forward planning N — planificación f por anticipado
forward rate N — (Comm) tipo m a término
forward sales NPL — (Comm) ventas fpl a término
forward slash N — barra f oblicua
* * *
I ['fɔːrwərd, 'fɔːwəd]esp BrE forwards [-z] adverba) ( toward the front) <bend/slope/lean> hacia adelantelet's sit further forward — sentémonos más adelante; see also come forward, step forward
b) ( in time) (frml) en adelantefrom this day forward — desde hoy en adelante; see also bring, carry forward
II
1) (before n) ( in direction) <movement/motion> hacia adelanteforward pass — ( Sport) pase m adelantado
forward slash — noun barra f (oblicua)
2) ( advance)3) (assertive, pushy) atrevido, descarado
III
please forward — hacer* seguir
IV
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33 department
dɪˈpɑ:tmənt сущ.
1) (подразделение в каком-л. учреждении, заведении) а) отдел, отделение accounting department accounts department infants department postnatal department admission department casualty department emergency department finance department fire department health department intelligence department line department pathologic pregnancy department personnel department police department recreation department sanitation department service department б) воен. войсковой округ в) факультет, кафедра anthropology department ≈ кафедра антропологии astronomy department ≈ кафедра астрономии biology department ≈ кафедра биологии chemistry department ≈ кафедра химии classics department ≈ кафедра классической филологии economics department ≈ кафедра экономики English department ≈ кафедра английского языка geology department ≈ кафедра геологии history department ≈ кафедра истории linguistics department ≈ кафедра лингвистики mathematics department ≈ кафедра математики music department ≈ кафедра музыки philosophy department ≈ кафедра философии physics department ≈ кафедра физики germanic philology department ≈ кафедра германской филологии political science department ≈ кафедра политологии psychology department ≈ кафедра психологии Slavic, Slavonic department ≈ кафедра славистики sociology department ≈ кафедра социологии
2) а) ведомство, департамент, министерство The regulation of other departments subordinate to the Treasury. ≈ Управление другими ведомствами, подчиненными Казначейству. State Department Department of the Navy б) департамент (единица административного деления Французской Республики)
3) область, отрасль (науки, знания) Syn: branch, province отдел;
отделение - press * отдел печати - export * отдел экспорта - accounting /accountant's/ * бухгалтерия - letters * отдел писем (в газете, журнале и т. п.) - first * первый отдел - dispatch * экспедиция помещение, занимаемое отделом и т. п. цех магазин - fancy goods * галантерейный магазин, галантерея департамент;
управление;
служба - Factory D. промышленное управление - Science and Art D. управление по делам науки и искусства - Water D. департамент водоснабжения (при муниципалитете) (американизм) министерство, ведомство - State D., D. of State государственный департамент, министерство иностранных дел - D. of Defense министерство обороны - D. of the Navy министерство военно-морского флота - D. of the Air Force министерство военно-воздушных сил - D. of the Army министерство сухопутных сил - D. of health, Education and Welfare министерство здравоохранения, просвещения и социального обеспечения власть - legislative * законодательная власть факультет;
кафедра - physics * физический факультет - the * of modern langauges кафедра новых языков административная область;
округ;
департамент (особ. во Франции) - the D. of Seine and Oise департамент Сены и Уазы войсковой, военный округ отрасль, область (знаний, науки) - * of knowledge /learning/ отрасль знаний accounting ~ бухгалтерия accounting ~ главная бухгалтерия компании accounts ~ бюро отчетности accounts ~ отдел расчетов accounts ~ отдел финансовых отчетов accounts receivable ~ отдел учета дебиторской задолженности advertising ~ отдел рекламы aerological ~ аэрологическое отделение appeals ~ отдел по апелляциям appellate ~ отдел по апелляциям archives ~ архивный отдел assistant head of ~ заместитель начальника отдела audit ~ ревизионный отдел bank ~ отделение банка bank investment ~ отдел банковских инвестиций bank trust ~ отдел доверительных операций банка bank trust ~ трастовый отдел банка billing ~ отдел выписки счетов bookkeeping ~ бухгалтерия budget ~ бюджетный отдел cartage ~ отдел перевозок cash ~ касса в банке cash ~ кассово-контрольный пункт cash ~ кассовый отдел central customs administration ~ отдел управления центральной таможни city treasurer's ~ департамент городского казначея claims ~ отдел претензий claims ~ отдел рекламаций commercial ~ коммерческий отдел commercial ~ торговый отдел complaints ~ отдел рекламаций correspondence ~ отдел корреспонденции data processing ~ вчт. отдел обработки данных department ведомство;
департамент ~ ведомство ~ войсковой округ ~ департамент ~ кафедра ~ магазин ~ министерство ~ амер. министерство;
State Department государственный департамент (министерство иностранных дел США) ;
Department of the Navy военно-морское министерство США ~ область, отрасль (науки, знания) ~ отдел, министерство, департамент ~ отдел;
отделение;
the men's clothing department отдел мужского готового платья (в магазине) ~ отдел ~ отделение ~ отрасль ~ служба ~ управление ~ факультет ~ цех, отделение ~ цех Department: Department: Inland Revenue ~ Управление налоговых сборов (Великобритания) department: department: inspection ~ отдел технического контроля Department: Department: Prime Minister's ~ канцелярия премьер-министра department: department: production ~ производственное подразделение Department: Department: State ~ государственный департамент (США) department: department: stock ~ отдел ценных бумаг( банка) Department: Department: Treasury ~ министерство финансов( США) department: department: trustee ~ отдел доверительных операций ~ attr. ведомственный;
относящийся к ведомству;
department hospital районный госпиталь ~ attr. ведомственный;
относящийся к ведомству;
department hospital районный госпиталь ~ of head office отдел главной конторы ~ of social affairs and health департамент по социальным вопросам и здравоохранению ~ амер. министерство;
State Department государственный департамент (министерство иностранных дел США) ;
Department of the Navy военно-морское министерство США dispatch ~ отдел отправки dispatch ~ экспедиция export ~ отдел экспорта finance ~ финансовый отдел fire ~ отделение пожарной охраны foreign ~ иностранный отдел forwarding ~ экспедиторское отделение goods receiving ~ отдел приемки товаров government ~ правительственное ведомство government ~ правительственное учреждение department: inspection ~ отдел технического контроля international ~ международный отдел international sales ~ отделение международной торговли inventory accounting ~ отдел учета запасов invoicing ~ отдел выписки счетов-фактур layout ~ отдел макетирования legal ~ юридический отдел loan ~ ссудный отдел банка machinery ~ машинное отделение mail ~ почтовое отделение maintenance ~ вчт. отдел технического обслуживания maintenance ~ отдел технического обслуживания marketing ~ коммерческий отдел marketing ~ отдел сбыта media ~ отдел средств рекламы ~ отдел;
отделение;
the men's clothing department отдел мужского готового платья (в магазине) municipal ~ муниципальный отдел municipal treasurer's ~ финансовый отдел муниципалитета off-line ~ самостоятельный отдел operational ~ производственный отдел order ~ отдел заказов out-patient ~ амбулаторное отделение packing ~ отдел упаковки packing ~ отдел фасовки payroll ~ отдел труда и зарплаты payroll ~ финансовая часть pension ~ пенсионный отдел personnel ~ отдел кадров personnel: ~ management руководство кадрами;
personnel department отдел кадров или личного состава planning ~ отдел планирования planning ~ плановый отдел political ~ исполнительная и законодательная власть political ~ политическая власть political ~ политический отдел postal ~ почтовое отделение department: production ~ производственное подразделение production ~ производственный отдел production ~ цех основного профиля производства project ~ проектный отдел public prosecutions ~ прокуратура public relations ~ отдел по связям с общественными организациями relations: public ~ department отдел информации коммерческого предприятия;
public relations officer служащий отдела информации;
public relations man агент по рекламе public ~ department пресс-бюро;
отдел информации publicity ~ отдел рекламы и пропаганды purchasing ~ отдел закупок purchasing ~ отдел материально-технического снабжения real estate ~ отдел, ведущий операции с недвижимостью records ~ отдел учета relevant government ~ компетентный правительственный орган research ~ научно-исследовательский отдел safe-custody ~ отдел охраны банка safe-custody ~ служба охраны банка safe-deposit ~ отдел вкладов банка sales ~ отдел сбыта securities ~ отдел ценных бумаг security ~ отдел банка, специализирующийся на управлении портфелем ценных бумаг service ~ отдел обслуживания shipping ~ отдел отгрузки продукции social services ~ отдел социальных услуг spending ~ отдел расходов staff ~ отдел главной конторы staff ~ отдел кадров standards ~ отдел стандартов ~ амер. министерство;
State Department государственный департамент (министерство иностранных дел США) ;
Department of the Navy военно-морское министерство США Department: Department: State ~ государственный департамент (США) department: stock ~ отдел ценных бумаг (банка) systems ~ вчт. отдел систем trading ~ торговый отдел department: trustee ~ отдел доверительных операций vaults ~ помещение банка для сейфов veterinary ~ ветеринарное отделениеБольшой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > department
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34 LPS
1) Общая лексика: Программы предотвращения потерь2) Военный термин: Large Processing Station, Logistics Planning Study, laser power supply, logistics policy statement3) Техника: laboratory of plasma studies, laboratory peripheral system, line procedure specifications, local periodic structure, logic protection system, longitudinal phase space, Low Pressure Steam (пар низкого давления)4) Сельское хозяйство: liquid protein supplement5) Ветеринария: Little Pink Starfish6) Сокращение: Lhotellier Plastiques Sologne SA (France), Local Positioning System, Local Property and Supply System (USPS Purchasing and Material Management Information Systems database contains local site inventory, property, and purchasing records.), lightproof shade7) Электроника: Linear Pulse Sector8) Вычислительная техника: Lotus Professional Services (Lotus)9) Онкология: Large Polyp Stony10) Фирменный знак: Linden Planning Systems, Local Pet Store11) Полимеры: low-pressure switch12) Химическое оружие: Lightning protection system13) Макаров: launch processing system, lipopolysaccharide, low-power Schottky14) Расширение файла: Line Per Second15) Нефтеперерабатывающие заводы: low pressure steam, пар низкого давления16) Должность: Licensed Prevention Specialists17) Аэропорты: Lopez Island, Washington USA18) НАСА: Laboratory For Planetary Sciences19) Единицы измерений: Lines Per Second -
35 SLP
1) Компьютерная техника: Selection Library Processing2) Американизм: Strategic Leadership Program, Strongest Liberal Postcondition3) Военный термин: Secretary for Logistics Planning, scouting landplane, simulated live play, standardized language profile, supplier loaned property, surface launch platform4) Техника: Several Large Pipes, space limited payload5) Шутливое выражение: Simulated Livermore Phantom6) Юридический термин: Sullen Little Punks, Supplementary Letters Patent7) Грубое выражение: Shitty Legal Products8) Оптика: single linear polarization9) Телекоммуникации: Single-Link Procedures (X.25)10) Сокращение: Survivor Locator Package (USAF), slope, Super Long Play (VHS VCR), Source Language Program, Service Life Policy11) Вычислительная техника: Symposium on Logic Programming (Conference), Service Logic Program (IN), Service Location Protocol (IP), service location protocol12) Иммунология: sex-limited protein13) Транспорт: Street Legal Performance14) Экология: sea level pressure15) СМИ: Secret Love Poem, Six Line Poem16) Образование: School Lunch Program17) Программирование: Set Loop Point18) Автоматика: systematic layout planning19) Майкрософт: предустановка блокированной системы20) Должность: Speech/ Language Pathologist21) Аэропорты: San Luis Potosi, Mexico22) НАСА: Solar Lunar Planetary23) Программное обеспечение: Self Learning Program, Straight Line Program -
36 lps
1) Общая лексика: Программы предотвращения потерь2) Военный термин: Large Processing Station, Logistics Planning Study, laser power supply, logistics policy statement3) Техника: laboratory of plasma studies, laboratory peripheral system, line procedure specifications, local periodic structure, logic protection system, longitudinal phase space, Low Pressure Steam (пар низкого давления)4) Сельское хозяйство: liquid protein supplement5) Ветеринария: Little Pink Starfish6) Сокращение: Lhotellier Plastiques Sologne SA (France), Local Positioning System, Local Property and Supply System (USPS Purchasing and Material Management Information Systems database contains local site inventory, property, and purchasing records.), lightproof shade7) Электроника: Linear Pulse Sector8) Вычислительная техника: Lotus Professional Services (Lotus)9) Онкология: Large Polyp Stony10) Фирменный знак: Linden Planning Systems, Local Pet Store11) Полимеры: low-pressure switch12) Химическое оружие: Lightning protection system13) Макаров: launch processing system, lipopolysaccharide, low-power Schottky14) Расширение файла: Line Per Second15) Нефтеперерабатывающие заводы: low pressure steam, пар низкого давления16) Должность: Licensed Prevention Specialists17) Аэропорты: Lopez Island, Washington USA18) НАСА: Laboratory For Planetary Sciences19) Единицы измерений: Lines Per Second -
37 system
1) система || системный2) система; установка; устройство; комплекс3) программа•- adaptive control system
- address selection system
- addressing system
- advice-giving system
- AI planning system
- AI system
- analog computing system
- analog-digital computing system
- analysis information system
- application system
- arabic number system
- arithmetic system
- assembly system
- asymmetrical system
- atomic system
- attached processor system
- audio system
- authoring system
- automated office system
- automatic block system
- automatic checkout system
- automatic control system
- automatic search system
- automatic test system
- automatically programmed system
- automatically taught system
- autoprogrammable system
- axiomatic system
- backup system
- bad system
- bang-bang system
- base-2 system
- basic system
- batch-processing system
- binary system
- binary-coded decimal system
- binary-number system
- biquinary system
- bit-mapped system
- bit-slice system
- black-board expert system
- block parity system
- buddy system
- business system
- bus-oriented system
- bussed system
- CAD system
- call-reply system
- carrier system
- cause-controlled system
- character recognition system
- character-reading system
- chargeback system
- check sum error-detecting system
- chip-layout system
- clock system
- closed loop system
- closed system
- co-authoring system
- code recognition system
- code system
- coded-decimal system
- code-dependent system
- code-insensitive system
- code-sensitive system
- code-transparent system
- coding system
- coincident selection system
- cold system
- color-coded system
- command system
- common-bus system
- communication data system
- communications-oriented system
- complete articulated system
- computer system
- computer-aided design system
- computer-aided system
- computer-based system
- computer-based weapon system
- computerized system
- computing system
- concatenated coding system
- concealment system
- conservative system
- contention system
- continuous presence system
- control system
- controlled system
- controlling system
- coordinate system
- cordonnier system
- costrained vision system
- cross system
- crossbar switch system
- data acquisition system
- data collection system
- data exchange system
- data flow system
- data gethering system
- data handling system
- data management system
- data preparation system
- data processing system
- data reduction system
- data retrieval system
- data storage system
- data system
- data transmission system
- database management system
- database support system
- data-managed system
- decimal number system
- decimal system
- decimal numeration system
- decision support system
- decision-aided system
- decision-making system
- decision-support system
- decision-taking system
- decoding selection system
- decomposable system
- dedicated system
- degenerate system
- design library support system
- design-automation system
- design-verification system
- development support system
- development system
- digital communication system
- digital computing system
- direct-current system
- directly coupled system
- discrete system
- discrete-continuous system
- disk operating system
- display system
- distributed database management system
- distributed function system
- distributed intelligence system
- distributed parameter system
- distributed system
- distribution system
- double intermediate tape system
- down system
- drafting system
- dual system
- dual-computer system
- dual-processor system
- duodecimal number system
- duodecimal system
- duotricenary number system
- duotricenary system
- duplexed computer system
- duplex computer system
- dyadic number system
- dyadic system
- dynamic mapping system
- dynamic scene system
- dynamic support system
- electronic data processing system
- electronic sorting system
- encoding system
- equipment adapted data system
- erasing system
- error-controlled system
- error-correcting system
- error-detecting system
- executive file-control system
- executive system
- expert control system
- expert support system
- expert system
- expert-planning system
- externally pulsed system
- fail-safe system
- fail-soft system
- fan-out system
- fault-tolerant system
- feasible system
- federated system
- feed system
- feedback system
- feedforward control system
- fiche retrieval system
- file control system
- file system
- fixed-lenght record system
- fixed-point system
- fixed-radix numeration system
- floating-point system
- fluid transport system
- follow-up system
- forgiving system
- front-end system
- fuzzy expert system
- generic expert system
- geographically distributed system
- goal-seeking system
- good system
- graceful degradation system
- graphic data system
- graphics display system
- graphics system
- help system
- heterogeneous system
- hexadecimal number system
- hexadecimal system - host system
- hostless system
- host-satellite system
- human visual system
- hunting system
- hypermedia system
- imaging system
- incremental system
- independent system
- indirectly coupled system
- information storage and retrieval system
- information retrieval system
- information handling system
- information management system
- information processing system
- information system
- information-feedback system
- in-plant system
- input/output control system
- instruction system
- instrumentation management system
- integrated system
- intelligence system
- interactive control system
- interactive system
- intercommunicating system
- interlock system
- internal number system
- internal system
- Internet-enabled system
- interrupt system
- isolated system
- kernel system
- key-to-disk/tape system
- knowledge base management system
- knowledge system
- knowledge-based system
- large-scale computing system
- laser communication system
- layered control system - lexicon-driven system
- library reference system
- local-network system
- long-haul system
- lumped-parameter system
- machine tool control system
- machine-limited system
- machine-oriented programming system
- macroinstruction system
- macro system
- magnetic memory system
- magnetic recording system
- magnetic tape plotting system
- mail message system
- mail system
- mailbox system
- management information system
- man-machine system
- mapping system
- map-reading system
- mass memory system
- mass storage system
- master/slave system
- matrix memory system
- memory driver system
- memory system
- message handling system
- message system
- microcomputer system
- microfilm printing system
- midsplit system
- MIMO system
- mixed-base numbering system
- mixed-base number system
- mixed-radix numeration system
- model-based expert system
- modular system
- monitoring system
- monitor system
- mosaic system - multicomputer system
- multidimensional system
- multifrequency system
- multilevel storage system
- multiloop system
- multimaster communication system
- multimicroprocessor system
- multiple computation system
- multiple-bus system
- multiple-coincident magnetic storage system
- multiple-output control system
- multiplex system
- multiport system
- multiprocessing system
- multiprocessor system
- multiprogramming computer system
- multiprogramming system
- multisite system
- multispeaker system
- multistable system
- multitasking operating system
- multiterminal system
- multiuser computer system
- multiuser system
- multiuser operating system
- multivariable system
- multivariate system
- negative-base number representation system
- negative-base number system
- network operating system
- node-replicated system
- noncomputerized system
- nonconsistently based number system
- nondegenerate system
- number representation system
- numbering system
- number system
- numeral system
- numeration system
- numerical system
- octal number system
- octal system
- office automation system
- off-line system
- on-demand system
- one-level storage system
- one-loop system
- one-over-one address system
- on-line system
- open-ended system
- open system
- open-loop system
- operating system
- operational system
- optical memory system
- overdetermined system
- overload-hold system
- page-on-demand system
- panelboard system
- paper-tape system
- parameter-driven expert system
- pattern recognition system
- peek-a-boo system
- peripheral system
- pipeline system
- polled system
- polymorphic system
- polyphase system
- portable system
- positional representation system
- Post-production system
- priority scheduling system
- priority system
- procedural expert system
- process control system
- processor-sharing system
- production control system
- production system
- program system
- programming system
- protection system
- pulse system
- pulse-or-no-pulse system
- pulse-signal system
- punch card computer system
- pure-binary numeration system
- purposeful system
- quadruplex system
- question-answering system
- queueing system
- queue system
- radix numbering system
- radix number system
- reactive system
- reading system
- real-time expert system
- real-time operating system
- real-time system
- reasoning system
- recognition system
- recording system
- recovery system
- reduntant number system
- reduntant system
- reflected binary number system
- reflected binary system
- refreshment system
- remote-access system
- replicating system
- representation system
- request-repeat system
- rerecording system
- residue number system
- residue system
- resource-sharing system
- restorable system
- retrieval system
- retrieval-only system - robotic system
- robot system
- rule-based expert system
- rule-based system
- scalable system
- selection system
- self-adapting system
- self-adjusting system
- self-aligning system
- self-balancing system
- self-check system
- self-contained system
- self-correcting system
- self-descriptive system
- self-learning system
- self-organizing system
- self-sustained oscillation system
- self-test system
- sensor-based system
- sequential scheduling system
- sexadecimal number system
- sexadecimal system
- shared-files system
- shell expert system
- silicon-development system
- simplex system
- single-drive system
- single-inheritance system
- single-phase clock system
- single-site system
- single-user computer system
- SISO system
- skeletal expert system
- slave system
- soft-sectored disk system
- software system
- sound system
- source code control system
- source-destination system
- space-division system
- stabilizing system
- stable system
- stand-alone system
- start-stop system
- state-determined system
- stepped start-stop system
- stereo system
- stochastically disturbed system
- storage system
- stripped-down expert system
- subsplit system
- supervisor control system
- switching system
- symbolic assembly system
- syntactical system
- system explanation system
- system of logic
- system of notation
- system with delay
- system with time lag
- tabulating system
- tape data processing system
- tape drive system
- tape handling system
- tape operating system
- tape plotting system
- tape resident system
- tape-oriented system
- target system
- taught system
- telecommunictions system
- telecontrol system
- terminal system
- ternary number system
- ternary system
- test system
- testbed system
- text-to-speech system
- time-division system
- time-pattern control system
- time-shared system
- time-shared-bus system
- time-sharing system
- timing system
- total system
- translating system
- translation system
- translator writing system
- transmitting system
- tree-structured system
- trusted computer system
- two-failure mode system
- two-level return system
- two-level system
- two-phase clock system
- ultrastable system
- Unified system
- uninterruptible power system
- uniprocessor system
- unrestorable system
- unstable system
- up system
- variable-lenght record system
- virtual system
- virtual-memory operating system
- vision system
- visual system
- voice/audio processing system
- voice-response system
- volunteer system
- weighted number system
- weighted system
- writing system
- xerox copy system
- zero-one systemEnglish-Russian dictionary of computer science and programming > system
-
38 team
расчет; команда; экипаж, группа; отряд; ( рабочая) бригада; взаимодействие; см. тж. detachment, group, party, crewAlfa team (Special Forces) — команда «Альфа» (войск специального назначения)
Delta team (Special Forces) — команда «Дельта» (войск специального назначения)
Special Forces team, Atlantic Fleet — группа сил специального назначения Атлантического флота
Special Forces team, Pacific Fleet — группа сил специального назначения Тихоокеанского флота
technical assistance (field) team — (полевая) группа оказания военно-технической помощи "
underwater demolition (swimmers) team — группа [команда] боевых пловцов-подрывников
— air-ground combat team— CIA team— FA team— FAC team— gas team— medical support team— NBC team— radiation detection team— raiding team— sniper spotter-firer team* * *• команда -
39 method
n
- abbreviated method
- accelerated method
- accounting method
- accretion method
- accrual method
- accrued benefit valuation method
- actual cost method
- actuarial method
- adequate method
- ad hoc method
- advanced method
- advertising method
- age-life method of depreciation
- amortization method
- approximation method
- assessment method
- automated processing method
- backtracking method
- balance method
- batch method of production
- bidding methods
- block booking method
- bookkeeping method
- branch-and-bound method
- by-product method of cost accounting
- calculation method
- capital-intensive method of production
- case study method
- cash receipts and disbursements method of accounting
- common methods of fraud
- completed contract method
- complete elimination method
- composition ratio method
- continual review method
- control method
- conventional method
- conventional production methods
- costing method
- cost-based methods
- cost depletion method
- cost-plus method
- cost-recovery method
- cost-saving method
- credit-scoring method
- critical path method
- declining-balance depreciation method
- depreciation method
- design methods
- direct method of depreciation
- direct method of standardization
- direct write-off method
- discounted cash flow method
- distributing method
- distribution method
- double-declining-balance depreciation method
- double description method
- double entry method
- economical method
- effective method
- efficient method
- estimating method
- evaluation method
- fabrication method
- fifo costing method
- first in, first out costing method
- forecasting method
- general method
- generalized method
- genetic engineering method
- graduation method
- graph method
- gross method
- gross profit method
- index method
- indexing method
- industrial method
- inspection method
- installment sale method
- inventory method
- inventory valuation method
- investment valuation method
- irregular method of write-off
- item-by-item method
- job method of cost accounting
- job order method of cost accounting
- joint product method of cost accounting
- kid-glove methods
- labour-hour method of depreciation
- lean production methods
- least-squares method
- lifo costing method
- last in, first out costing method
- loading method
- machine-hour method
- machine-hour rate depreciation method
- machining method
- mail questionnaire method
- major category method
- manual methods
- manufacturing method
- matching transactions method
- materials moving methods
- net method
- network method
- normal method
- numerical method
- one-factor-at-a-time method
- operating method
- output method of depreciation
- packaging method
- packing method
- patentable method
- patented method
- payback method
- periodic inventory method
- perpetual inventory method
- perturbation method
- physical volume method
- playback method
- point method
- prediction methods
- present value method
- pricing method
- prime cost method
- process method of cost accounting
- processing method
- production methods
- production method of depreciation
- production control method
- profit split method
- progressive methods
- quality control method
- quantitative method
- random observation method
- ranking method
- reducing balance method of depreciation
- reinterview method
- replacement method of depreciation
- resale price method
- retirement method of depreciation
- risk management method
- safe method
- sample method
- sampling method
- saturation method
- scheduling method
- scientific method
- searching method
- sequential method
- service output depreciation method
- short method
- simplex method
- sinking fund method of depreciation
- special method
- standard method
- statistical method
- stochastic approximation method
- straight line method
- straight-line method of depreciation
- straight line depreciation method
- straight-line flow method
- sum of the digits method of depreciation
- sum of the years' digits method of depreciation
- systematical method
- table method
- tally sheet method
- taxation method
- teaching methods
- team development method
- test method
- testing method
- total inventory method
- trial and error method
- turnover method
- unit method of depreciation
- unit of production method of depreciation
- unit of production depreciation method
- valuation method
- variational method
- working method
- working hours method of depreciation
- workshop method
- method of accounting
- method of amortization
- method of analysis
- method of assessment
- method of average
- method of calculation
- method of characteristics
- method of collaboration
- method of comparison
- methods of construction
- method of conveyance
- method of cooperation
- method of delivery
- method of depreciation
- method of designated routes
- method of display
- method of distribution
- methods of dodging taxes
- method of estimation
- method of evaluation
- method of exclusion
- method of feasible directions
- method of finance
- method of financing
- method of forwarding
- method of identification
- method of indirect export
- method of indirect import
- method of inspection
- method of leading averages
- method of leading variables
- method of levying duties
- methods of management
- method of manufacture
- method of operation
- method of ordering
- method of packaging
- method of packing
- method of payment
- method of planning
- method of production
- method of promotion
- method of quality determination
- methods of regulation
- method of reimbursement
- method of sales promotion
- method of sampling
- method of settlement
- method of shipment
- method of shipping
- method of smoothing
- method of solution
- method of stowage
- method of stowing
- method of successive approximation
- methods of trading
- methods of training
- method of transportation
- method of working
- cost or market whichever is lower method of inventory valuation
- adopt a method
- apply a method
- develop a method
- employ a method
- follow a method
- introduce a method
- practise a method
- realize a method
- repeal a method
- revise a method
- work out a methodEnglish-russian dctionary of contemporary Economics > method
-
40 production
1. n производство, изготовление; выработка; добычаmass production, production in bulk — массовое производство
in-line, production, production on the line — поточное производство
costs of production, production costs — издержки производства
production control — планирование, регулирование или контроль производства
production line — поточная линия; технологическая линия
2. n производительность, выработка; добыча3. n продукция, продукт, изделиеroll-to-roll production — продукция, сматываемая в рулон
production language — продукционный язык; язык продукций
4. n постановка5. n произведение6. n предъявлениеproduction in court — предъявление суду, представление в суд
7. n проведение8. n физ. образование, генерация, генерирование; рождение9. n биол. продуцирование10. n юр. предъявление в суде документа11. n правило вывода, порождающее правилоСинонимический ряд:1. creation (noun) construction; creation; engendering; making; manufacture; manufacturing; origination; producing2. crop (noun) crop; harvest; yield3. exhibition (noun) composition; display; drama; exhibition; opus; performance; piece; stage show; staging; work; work of art4. extension (noun) elongation; extension; lengthening; prolongation; prolongment; protraction5. output (noun) output; outturn; produce; product; turnout6. play (noun) play; presentation; show
См. также в других словарях:
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