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21 sūdor
sūdor ōris, m [SVD-], sweat, perspiration: e corpore: multo sudore manare: sudor fluit undique rivis, V.: frigidus, O.: cum sudor ad imos Manaret talos, H.: sudorem excutere, N.: veneni, i. e. liquid poison, O.—Fig., sweat, toil, severe labor, weariness, fatigue: da spolia sine sudore, Enn. ap. C.: exercitus, qui suo sudore inde Samnites depulisset, L.: stilus ille tuus multi sudoris est: Creditur habere Sudoris minimum comoedia, H.: sudore acquirere quod possis sanguine parare, Ta.* * *sweat; hard labor -
22 valeō
valeō uī, itūrus, ēre [VAL-], to be strong, be vigorous, have strength, be able: versate diu Quid valeant umeri, how strong, etc., H.: velocitate ad cursum, viribus ad luctandum: Mustela cum Mures non valeret adsequi, Ph.: valet ima summis Mutare deus, H.—To be in health, be sound, be well, be hale: quom valemus, T.: minus valere... melius valere: corpore: mente, O.: pedibus, N. —As a greeting, imper, farewell, adieu, good-bye: vos valete et plaudite, T.: vive valeque, H.: Et longum, Formose vale, vale, inquit Iolla, V.: vale (ending a letter): Supremumque vale... dixit, O. —In phrases beginning letters: si vales bene ego valeo (written S. v. b. e. v.): si valetis bene ego equidem valeo (written S. v. v. b. e. e. q. v.): cura ut valeas, take care of your health: fac valeas meque mutuo diligas.—In expressions of dismissal: post e<*>am <*>si valere, cum, etc., i. e. politely dismissed: Immo habeat, valeat, vivat cum illā, off with him, T.: si talis est deus, valeat, good-bye to him: valeat res ludicra, si, etc., farewell to the stage, H.: valeant, Qui, etc., away with those, etc., T.—With dico (less correctly valedico), to bid farewell, say adieu, take leave: Vix illud potui dicere triste vale, O.: Saepe vale dicto, O.—To have power, be valid, be effective, have influence, avail, prevail, be strong, succeed: valebunt semper arma: in more maiorum, qui tum ut lex valebat: valuit auctoritas: (eius) valet opinio tarditatis, is established: ius gentium valuit, L.: Et vestrae valuere preces, O.: Neque ita inperita (sum), ut quid amor valeat nesciam, T.: ignari quid virtus valeret: aut gratiā aut misericordiā, Cs.: dicendo, N.: pedum cursu, V.: parum valent (Graeci) verbo, i. e. have no precise word: plurimum ingenio: multum Caesar equitatu valebat, Cs.: in populari genere dicendi: nihil putas valere in iudiciis coniecturam: in Fabiā (tribu), H.—With expressions of effect or result, to be strong enough, be adequate, be capable, be able, have force, be effectual, avail, be applicable, extend: quaecumque est hominis definitio, una in omnīs valet: num etiam in deos inmortales legem valuisse? L.: hoc eo valebat, ut ingratiis ad depugnandum omnes cogerentur, the effect of this was, etc., N.: Ne scis quo valeat nummus, quem praebeat usum? H.: astrorum adfectio valeat, si vis, ad quasdam res; ad omnīs certe non valebit: neque, quod Samnites... amici vobis facti sunt, ad id valere arbitror, ne, etc., L.: ad subeundum periculum multum fortuna valuit, Cs.: ad populum dicendo: maxume apud te, T.: non quin eam (commendationem) valituram apud te arbitrarer: apud magnam partem senatūs gratiā, L.: utrum apud eos pudor an timor valeret, Cs.: praemia, quae apud me minimum valent: hoc nonne videtur contra te valere?: verba Pro deplorato non valitura viro, O.: multitudine militum, Cs.: inter eos virtute, Cs.: nec continere suos ad direptione castrorum valuit, L.: Quam (urbem) neque valuerunt perdere Marsi, H.—To be of the value of, be worth: dum pro argenteis decem aureus unus valeret, L.—To mean, signifyimport: quaerimus verbum Latinum par Graeco et quod idem valeat: quamquam vocabula prope idem valere videbantur.* * *valere, valui, valitus Vbe strong/powerful/influential/healthy; prevailvale -- goodbye/farewell
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23 vel
vel adv. [1 vel], or even, if you will, or indeed, even, assuredly, certainly: vel rex semper maxumas Mihi agebat gratias, T.: sed tamen vel regnum malo quam liberum populum: Vel Priamo miseranda manus, V.: ego vel Prochytam praepono Suburae, Iu.: populus R. suam auctoritatem vel contra omnīs possit defendere: timebant ne Romana plebs... vel cum servitute pacem acciperet, even if it should bring slavery, Cs.: existiment quod velint, ac vel hoc intellegant: quae non modo summa bona, sed nimirum audebo vel sola dicere: hoc ascensu vel tres armati quamlibet multitudinem arcuerint, L.: a plerisque vel dicam ab omnibus, I may even say.—With sup. of adj. or adv, perhaps, it may be, if you will: adulescens vel potentissimus nostrae civitatis: domus vel optima Messanae, notissima quidem certe, i. e. the most famous, if not the finest.—Intensive, the very, the utmost, the most... possible: hoc in genere nervorum vel minimum, suavitatis autem est vel plurimum, the very least... the utmost possible: vel extremo spiritu experiri, etc., with his very latest breath: cuius (sc. Hannibalis) eo tempore vel maxima apud regem auctoritas erat, L.: peculatus vel acerrime vindicandus, with the utmost severity.—Introducing a single instance, for instance, for example, as for example, in particular, especially: Vel heri in vino quam inmodestus fuisti, T.: sed suavīs accipio litteras, vel quas proxime acceperam, quam prudentīs!: est tibi ex his ipsis qui adsunt bella copia, vel ut a te ipso ordiare, i. e. especially if you begin with yourself.* * *Ieven, actually; or even, in deed; orIIorvel... vel -- either... or
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24 altus
1.altus, a, um, participle from alo., lit., grown or become great, great (altus ab alendo dictus, Paul. ex Fest. p. 7 Müll.; cf. the Germ. gross with the Engl. grow), a polar word meaning both high and deep.A.Seen from below upwards, high.I.Lit.: IN ALTOD MARID PVCNANDOD, etc., Columna Duilii; so, maria alta, Liv. Andron. ap. Macr. S. 6, 5, 10; id. ib. ap. Prisc. p. 725 P.: aequor, Pac. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 23 Müll.: parietes, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 19, 44:II.sub ramis arboris altae,
Lucr. 2, 30:acervus,
id. 3, 198 al.:columellam tribus cubitis ne altiorem,
Cic. Leg. 2, 26, 66:altior illis Ipsa dea est colloque tenus supereminet omnes,
taller, Ov. M. 3, 181:altis de montibus,
Verg. E. 1, 83:umbras Altorum nemorum,
Ov. M. 1, 591 al. —With the acc. of measure:clausi lateribus pedem altis,
a foot high, Sall. H. Fragm. 4, 39 Gerl.; cf. Lind. C. Gr. I. p. 215.—With gen.:triglyphi alti unius et dimidiati moduli, lati in fronte unius moduli,
Vitr. 4, 3:majorem turrim altam cubitorum CXX.,
id. 10, 5:alta novem pedum,
Col. 8, 14, 1:singula latera pedum lata tricenum, alta quinquagenum,
Plin. 36, 13, 19, § 4.—Trop., high, lofty, elevated, great, magnanimous, high-minded, noble, august, etc.:(α).altissimus dignitatis gradus,
Cic. Phil. 1, 6, 14; so id. Clu. 55; id. Dom. 37.—Of mind or thought:te natura excelsum quendam videlicet et altum et humana despicientem genuit,
Cic. Tusc. 2, 4, 11:homo sapiens et altā mente praeditus,
highminded, id. Mil. 8:qui altiore animo sunt,
id. Fin. 5, 20, 57 al. —So of gods, or persons elevated in birth, rank, etc.;also of things personified: rex aetheris altus Juppiter,
Verg. A. 12, 140:Apollo,
id. ib. 10, 875:Caesar,
Hor. C. 3, 4, 37:Aeneas, i. e. deā natus,
id. S. 2, 5, 62:Roma,
Ov. Tr. 1, 3, 33:Carthago,
Prop. 2, 1, 23 al. —Of the voice, high, shrill, loud, clear:Conclamate iterum altiore voce,
Cat. 42, 18:haec fatus altā voce,
Sen. Troad. 196:altissimus sonus,
Quint. 11, 3, 23 (cf.:vox magna,
Ov. Tr. 4, 9, 24; Juv. 4, 32).— Subst.: altum, i, n., a height:sic est hic ordo (senatorius) quasi propositus atque editus in altum,
on high, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 41, § 98:aedificia in altum edita,
Tac. H. 3, 71:quidquid in altum Fortuna tulit, ruitura levat,
Sen. Agam. 100.—Esp.(Sc. caelum.) The height of heaven, high heaven, the heavens:(β).ex alto volavit avis,
Enn. Ann. 1, 108:haec ait, et Maiā genitum demisit ab alto,
Verg. A. 1, 297.—Still more freq.,(Sc. mare.) The high sea, the deep, the sea: rapit ex alto navīs velivolas, Enn. ap. Serv. ad Verg. A. 1, 224:B.ubi sumus provecti in altum, capiunt praedones navem illam, ubi vectus fui,
Plaut. Mil. 2, 1, 39; so id. Men. 1, 2, 2; id. Rud. prol. 66; 2, 3, 64:terris jactatus et alto,
Verg. A. 1, 3:in altum Vela dabant,
id. ib. 1, 34:collectae ex alto nubes,
id. G. 1, 324:urget ab alto Notus,
id. ib. 1, 443 al.:alto mersā classe,
Sil. 6, 665:ab illā parte urbis navibus aditus ex alto est,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 32:in alto jactari,
id. Inv. 2, 31, 95:naves nisi in alto constitui non poterant,
Caes. B. G. 4, 24:naves in altum provectae,
id. ib. 4, 28: scapha in altum navigat, Sall. Fragm.—So in the plur.:alta petens,
Verg. A. 7, 362.— Trop.:quam magis te in altum capessis, tam aestus te in portum refert,
Plaut. As. 1, 3, 6:imbecillitas... in altum provehitur imprudens,
Cic. Tusc. 4, 18, 42:te quasi quidam aestus ingenii tui in altum abstraxit,
id. de Or. 3, 36, 145.—Seen from above downwards, deep, profound.I.Lit. (hence sometimes opp. summus): Acherusia templa alta Orci, salvete, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, 2, 81; Cic. Tusc. 1, 21, 48:II.quom ex alto puteo sursum ad summum escenderis,
Plaut. Mil. 4, 4, 14:altissimae radices,
Cic. Phil. 4, 5:altae stirpes,
id. Tusc. 3, 6, 13:altissima flumina,
Caes. B. C. 3, 77:altior aqua,
id. ib. 1, 25:alta theatri Fundamenta,
Verg. A. 1, 427:gurgite in alto,
in the deep whirlpool, id. E. 6, 76:altum vulnus,
id. A. 10, 857; Petr. 136; Sen. Troad. 48:altum totā metitur cuspide pectus,
Sil. 4, 292; so id. 6, 580 al.:unde altior esset Casus,
Juv. 10, 106.—With the abl. of measure:faciemus (scrobes) tribus pedibus altas,
Pall. Jan. 10, 3.—Trop. (more freq. in and after the Aug. per.), deep, profound:C.somno quibus est opus alto,
Hor. S. 2, 1, 8; so Liv. 7, 35:sopor,
Verg. A. 8, 27:quies,
id. ib. 6, 522:silentium,
id. ib. 10, 63; Quint. 10, 3, 22:altissima tranquillitas,
Plin. Ep. 2, 1:altissima eruditio,
id. ib. 4, 30:altiores artes,
Quint. 8, 3, 2.— Subst.: altum, i, n., the depth, i. e. what is deep or far removed:ex alto dissimulare,
Ov. Am. 2, 4, 16:non ex alto venire nequitiam, sed summo, quod aiunt, animo inhaerere,
Sen. Ira, 1, 16 med. al.—Hence, ex alto repetere, or petere, in discourse, to bring from far; as P. a., farfetched:quae de nostris officiis scripserim, quoniam ex alto repetita sunt,
Cic. Fam. 3, 5:quid causas petis ex alto?
Verg. A. 8, 395 (cf.:alte repetere in the same sense,
Cic. Sest. 13; id. Rep. 4, 4, and v. al. infra).—Poet., in reference to a distant (past) time: cur vetera tam ex alto appetissis discidia, Agamemno? Att. ap. Non. 237, 22 (altum: vetus, antiquum, Non.); cf. Verg. G. 4, 285.—With the access. idea of venerable (cf. antiquus), ancient, old:A. I.genus alto a sanguine Teucri,
Verg. A. 6, 500:Thebanā de matre nothum Sarpedonis alti,
id. ib. 9, 697;genus Clauso referebat ab alto,
Ov. F. 4, 305:altā gente satus,
Val. Fl. 3, 202:altis inclitum titulis genus,
Sen. Herc. Fur. 338.— Adv.: altē, and very rarely altum, high, deep (v. supra, altus, P. a. init.).Lit.:II.alte ex tuto prospectum aucupo,
Att. Trag. Rel. p. 188 Rib.:colomen alte geminis aptum cornibus,
id. ib. p. 221:alte jubatos angues,
Naev. ib. p. 9:jubar erigere alte,
Lucr. 4, 404:roseā sol alte lampade lucens,
id. 5, 610:in vineā ficos subradito alte, ne eas vitis scandat,
Cato, R. R. 50:cruentum alte extollens pugionem,
Cic. Phil. 2, 12, 28: non animadvertis cetarios escendere in malum alte, ut perspiciant pisces? Varr. ap. Non. 49, 15:(aër) tollit se ac rectis ita faucibus eicit alte,
Lucr. 6, 689:dextram Entellus alte extulit,
Verg. A. 5, 443:alte suras vincire cothurno,
high up, id. ib. 1, 337:puer alte cinctus,
Hor. S. 2, 8, 10, and Sen. Ep. 92:unda alte subjectat arenam,
Verg. G. 3, 240:Nihil tam alte natura constituit, quo virtus non possit eniti,
Curt. 7, 11, 10: alte maesti in terram cecidimus, from on high, Varr. ap. Non. 79, 16:eo calcem cribro succretam indito alte digitos duo,
to the height of two fingers, Cato, R. R. 18, 7; so Col. R. R. 5, 6, 6.— Comp.:quae sunt humiliora neque se tollere a terrā altius possunt,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 13, 37:tollam altius tectum,
id. Har. Resp. 15, 33:altius praecincti,
Hor. S. 1, 5, 5:pullus in arvis altius ingreditur,
Verg. G. 3, 75:caput altius effert,
id. ib. 3, 553:altius atque cadant imbres,
id. E. 6, 38 ubi v. Forb.:altius aliquid tenere,
Sen. Q. N. 1, 5.— Sup.: [p. 96] cum altissime volāsset (aquila), Suet. Aug. 94.—Trop.:B. I.alte natus,
Albin. 1, 379 (cf.: altus Aeneas, supra, P. a., A. II.):alte enim cadere non potest,
Cic. Or. 28, 98:video te alte spectare,
id. Tusc. 1, 34, 82; id. Rep. 6, 23, 25.— Comp.:altius se efferre,
Cic. Rep. 6, 23, 25; 3, 3, 4:altius irae surgunt ductori,
Verg. A. 10, 813:altius aliquid agitare,
Cels. 1 prooem.:attollitur vox altius,
Quint. 11, 3, 65:verbis altius atque altius insurgentibus,
id. 8, 4, 27.— Sup.:Ille dies virtutem Catonis altissime illuminavit,
Vell. 2, 35:ingenium altissime adsurgit,
Plin. Ep. 8, 4.—Lit.:II.ablaqueato ficus non alte,
Cato, R. R. 36:ferrum haud alte in corpus descendere,
Liv. 1, 41:alte vulnus adactum,
Verg. A. 10, 850; Ov. M. 6, 266; Curt. 4, 6, 18; Cels. 5, 26, 30:timidum caput abdidit alte,
Verg. G. 3, 422:alte consternunt terram frondes,
deeply strew, id. A. 4, 443:ut petivit Suspirium alte!
Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 58 (cf.:ingentem gemitum dat pectore ab imo,
Verg. A. 1, 485):inter cupam pertundito alte digitos primorīs tres,
Cato, R. R. 21, 2:minimum alte pedem,
Col. de Arb. 30.— Comp.:ne radices altius agant,
Col. 5, 6, 8:terra altius effossa,
Quint. 10, 3, 2:cum sulcus altius esset impressus,
Cic. Div. 2, 23, 50:frigidus imber Altius ad vivum persedit, Verg G. 3, 441: tracti altius gemitus,
Sen. Ira, 3, 4, 2.— Sup.:(latronibus gladium) altissime demergo,
App. M. 2, 32.—Trop., deeply, profoundly, far, from afar:2.privatus ut altum Dormiret,
Juv. 1, 16:alte terminus haerens,
Lucr. 1, 77:longo et alte petito prooemio respondere,
Cic. Clu. 21, 58:ratio alte petita,
Quint. 11, 1, 62:alte et a capite repetis, quod quaerimus,
Cic. Leg. 1, 6, 18; id. Rep. 4, 4, 4; id. Sest. 13, 31.— Comp.:qui altius perspiciebant,
had a deeper insight, Cic. Verr. 1, 7, 19:quae principia sint, repetendum altius videtur,
must be sought out more deeply, id. Off. 1, 16:altius repetitae causae,
Quint. 11, 1, 62:de quo si paulo altius ordiri ac repetere memoriam religionis videbor,
Cic. Verr. 4, 105:Hisce tibi in rebus latest alteque videndum,
Lucr. 6, 647:altius supprimere iram,
Curt. 6, 7, 35:altius aliquem percellere,
Tac. A. 4, 54:altius metuere,
id. ib. 4, 41:altius animis maerere,
id. ib. 2, 82:cum verbum aliquod altius transfertur,
Cic. Or. 25, 82:Altius omnem Expediam primā repetens ab origine famam,
Verg. G. 4, 285;so,
Tac. H. 4, 12:altius aliquid persequi,
Plin. 2, 23, 31, § 35:hinc altius cura serpit,
id. 4, 11, 13, § 87.— Sup.:qui vir et quantus esset, altissime inspexi,
Plin. Ep. 5, 15, 5. -
25 de
1.dē, adv.: of place, down, only in the phrase susque deque, q. v.2.dē, prep. [perh. for ded; cf. Oscan dat, old abl. of pronom. stem da; cf. also Lith. praep. da, as far as; and the suffixes, old case-forms, -dam, -dem, -dum, -do, with the locative -de; v. Ribbeck, Beitr. z. L. v. d. Lat. Part. p. 4 sq.] (with abl., denotes the going out, departure, removal, or separating of an object from any fixed point. Accordingly, it occupies a middle place between ab, away from, which denotes a mere external departure, and ex, out of, which signifies from the interior of a thing. Hence verbs compounded with de are constr. not only with de, but quite as freq. with ab and ex; and, on the other hand, those compounded with ab and ex often have the terminus a quo indicated by de), from, away from, down from, out of, etc.A.In space, lit. and trop. with verbs of motion: animam de corpore mitto, Enn. ap. Non. p. 150, 6 (Ann. v. 216 Vahl.):b.aliquo quom jam sucus de corpore cessit,
Lucr. 3, 224:(quod Ariovistus) de altera parte agri Sequanos decedere juberet,
to depart, withdraw from, Caes. B. G. 1, 31, 10; cf.:civitati persuasit, ut de finibus suis cum omnibus copiis exirent,
id. ib. 1, 2:decedere de provincia,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 20, § 49 ( = ex provincia, id. ib. 2, 2, 65, §147): de vita decedere,
Cic. Rab. Perd. 11:exire de vita,
id. Lael. 4, 15 (cf.:excedere e vita,
id. ib. 3, 12):de triclinio, de cubiculo exire,
id. de Or. 2, 65 fin.:hamum de cubiculo ut e navicula jacere,
Plin. Ep. 9, 7, 4:de castris procedere,
Sall. C. 61, 8 et saep.:brassica de capite et de oculis omnia (mala) deducet,
Cato R. R. 157, 6:de digito anulum detraho,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 1, 38; cf.:de matris complexu aliquem avellere atque abstrahere,
Cic. Font. 17:nomen suum de tabula sustulit,
id. Sest. 33, 72:ferrum de manibus extorsimus,
id. Cat. 2, 1, 2:juris utilitas vel a peritis vel de libris depromi potest,
id. de Or. 1, 59, 252 et saep.:... decido de lecto praeceps,
Plaut. Casin. 5, 2, 50:de muro se deicere,
Caes. B. C. 1, 18, 3:de sella exsilire,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 30 fin.:nec ex equo vel de muro, etc., hostem destinare,
Tert. adv. Jud. 9, p. 192:de caelo aliquid demittere,
Lucr. 2, 1155; cf. Cato R. R. 14, 3 et saep.—In gen., to indicate the person or place from which any thing is taken, etc., with verbs of taking away, depriving, demanding, requesting, inquiring, buying; as capere, sumere, emere, quaerere, discere, trahere, etc., and their compounds; cf.:2.emere de aliquo,
Cato R. R. 1, 4:aliquid mercari de aliquo,
Cic. Fl. 20 et saep.:de aliquo quaerere, quid, etc.,
Cic. Att. 1, 14, 2:saepe hoc audivi de patre,
id. de Or. 3, 33, 133; cf.:de mausoleo exaudita vox est,
Suet. Ner. 46:ut sibi liceret discere id de me,
Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 31;so with petere, of place (class.): de vicino terra petita solo,
Ov. F. 4, 822;so of persons (late Lat.): peto de te,
Dig. 36, 1, 57, § 2; Apul. M. 6, p. 179, 40.To point out the place from which any thing is brought; and hence, trop., to indicate its origin, derivation, etc.: of, from: de circo astrologi, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 58; so,3.caupo de via Latina,
Cic. Clu. 59, 163:nescio qui de circo maximo,
id. Mil. 24, 65:declamator aliqui de ludo aut rabula de foro,
id. Or. 15, 47:homo de schola atque a magistro... eruditus,
id. de Or. 2, 7, 28:nautae de navi Alexandrina,
Suet. Aug. 98:aliquis de ponte,
i. e. a beggar, Juv. 14, 134:Libyca de rupe leones,
Ov. F. 2, 209:nostro de rure corona,
Tib. 1, 1, 15:Vaticano fragiles de monte patellas,
Juv. 6, 344 al.:de summo loco Summoque genere eques,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 30; cf. id. Aul. prol. 28; id. Poen. 3, 1, 13:genetrix Priami de gente vetusta,
Verg. A. 9, 284; cf. id. ib. 10, 350; Stat. S. 5, 3, 126:de Numitore sati,
Ov. F. 5, 41:de libris,
Cic. de Or. 1, 59, 252:de Philocteta, id,
ib. 3, 35, 141 (cf.:e Philocteta versus,
Quint. 3, 1, 14).Transf., to indicate the quarter from which motion proceeds (cf. ab), from, and because motion is so often and naturally downwards, down from:B.haec agebantur in conventu, palam, de sella ac de loco superiore,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 40; cf. ib. 2, 2, 38:quem ad se vocari et de tribunali citari jussit,
id. ib. 2, 5, 7:qui nihil ex occulto, nihil de insidiis, agendum putant,
Cic. Off. 1, 30, 109; cf.de tergo plagas dare,
from behind, Plaut. Asin. 2, 2, 10; Just. 20, 5, 5:de paupere mensa dona,
Tib. 1, 1, 37 et saep.—In jurid. Latin: de plano discutere, interloqui, cognoscere, etc., i. e. on level ground, not on the tribunal (cf. chamothen, opp. pro bêmatos, Dig. 27, 1, 13, § 10), Dig. 1, 4, 1; 1, 16, 9; 14. 3, 11 et saep.; so, de plano, off-hand, without formal consideration, Lucr. 1, 411;v. planus.—And with pendeo, etc. (the motion in the eye transferred to the object): deque viri collo dulce pependit onus,
Ov. F. 2, 760:lucerna de camera pendebat,
Petr. 30, 3; cf.:et nova de gravido palmite gemma tumet,
Ov. F. 1, 152:de qua pariens arbore nixa dea est,
leaning downwards against the tree, id. H. 21, 100.In time.1.Immediately following a given moment of time, after, directly after (very rare):2.de concursu,
Lucr. 1, 384 (cf. Munro, ad loc.):velim scire hodiene statim de auctione aut quo die venias,
Cic. Att. 12, 3:non bonus somnus est de prandio,
Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 8:de eorum verbis prosilui, etc.,
id. Trin. 1, 2, 178.—Hence, diem de die, from day to day, day after day, Liv. 5, 48:cum is diem de die differret, dum, etc.,
id. 25, 25; cf.:diem de die proferendo,
Just. 2, 15, 6: de die in diem, from day to day, daily (eccl. Lat.), Vulg. Psa. 60, 8; 2 Pet. 2, 8; Cypr. Ep. 3, 11.De nocte, de vigilia, etc., to designate an act which begins or takes its origin from the night-time, Engl. during or in the course of the night, at night, by night, etc.: De. Rus cras cum filio Cum primo lucu ibo hinc. Mi. Imo de nocte censeo, to-night rather, Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 55: in comitium Milo de nocte venit, in the night (cf. shortly before, Milo media nocte in campum venit), Cic. Att. 4, 3, 4; cf. id. Mur. 33, 69:C.vigilas tu de nocte,
id. ib. 9, 22; cf.:de nocte evigilabat,
Suet. Vesp. 21:ut jugulent homines, surgunt de nocte latrones,
at night, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 32;and Hannibal surgere de nocte solitus, Frontin Strat. 4, 3, 7 et saep.: ut de nocte multa impigreque exsurrexi,
late in the night, Plaut. Rud. 4, 2, 10; so,multa de nocte,
Cic. Sest. 35, 75; id. Att. 7, 4 fin. (for which multa nocte, id. Q. Fr. 2, 9); cf.also: si de multa nocte (al. de nocte) vigilassent,
id. Att. 2, 15, 2:Caesar mittit complures equitum turmas eo de media nocte,
Caes. B. G. 7, 45; 7, 88; so,media de nocte,
at midnight, Suet. Calig. 26; Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 91:Caesar de tertia vigilia e castris profectus,
in the third night-watch, Caes. B. G. 1, 12:de tertia vigilia,
id. ib. 1, 21; Liv. 9, 44 Drak.; 40, 4 al.; cf.:de quarta vigilia,
Caes. B. G. 1, 21, 3 al.; v. vigilia. —As in this manner de nocte became adverbially = nocte, so de die was sometimes used for die or per diem:de die potare,
by day, in the daytime, Plaut. Asin. 4, 2, 16:epulari de die,
Liv. 23, 8; Ter. Ad. 5, 9, 8; Catull. 47, 6; Suet. Calig. 37; id. Domit. 21; cf.:bibulus media de luce Falerni,
Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 34;and in a lusus verbb. with in diem,
Cic. Phil. 2, 34 fin. —Less freq., de mense:navigare de mense Decembri,
in December, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 1 fin. —And once de tempore for tempore: ipse de tempore coenavit, Auct. B. Hisp. 33, 5.In other relations, implying separation, departure from, etc.1.To designate the whole, from which a part is taken, or of which a part is separately regarded, etc., from among, out of, from:b.hominem certum misi de comitibus meis,
Cic. Att. 8, 1, 2:gladio percussus ab uno de illis,
id. Mil. 24, 65:si quis de nostris hominibus,
id. Flacc. 4:quemvis de iis qui essent idonei,
id. Div. in Caecil. 4 fin.:de tribus et decem fundis tres nobilissimi fundi,
id. Rosc. Am. 35, 99 et saep.:accusator de plebe,
id. Brut. 34, 131:pulsare minimum de plebe Quiritem,
Ov. Am. 1, 7, 29; cf. Liv. 7, 17:malus poëta de populo,
Cic. Arch. 10, 25 et saep.:partem solido demere de die,
Hor. Od. 1, 1, 20:quantum de vita perdiderit,
Petr. 26:praeteriine tuas de tot caelestibus aras,
Ov. Her. 21, 179; Juv. 1, 138. —Sometimes de with abl. takes the place of the gen. partit. or gen. obj. In the best writers this occurs mainly(α).to avoid ambiguity where genitives would be multiplied:(β).ne expers partis esset de nostris bonis,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 1, 39:ut aliquem partem de istius impudentia reticere possim,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 12, § 32;for greater precision:(γ).si quae sunt de eodem genere,
id. Tusc. 4, 7, 16:persona de mimo,
id. Phil. 2, 27, 65;in the poets, metri gratiā:2.aliquid de more vetusto,
Ov. F. 6, 309; Grat. Cyneg. 17:laudes de Caesare,
Ov. Pont. 4, 13, 23:cetera de genere hoc,
Hor. Sat. 1, 1, 13; Lucr. 4, 746. This circumlocution was freq. [p. 514] in comic writers and in vulgar lang., and became more common in the declining periods of the lang., so that in the Romance tongues de, di, etc., with a case represent the earlier genitive (so, conscius, conscientia, meminisse, mentionem facere, recordari, etc., de aliqua re for alicujus rei, v. h. vv.).To indicate the property from which the costs of any thing are taken:3.obsonat, potat, olet unguenta de meo,
Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 37; so,de tuo,
Plaut. Bac. 1, 1, 65:de suo,
Cic. Att. 16, 16, A, 5; Suet. Caes. 19:de nostro,
Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 11:de vestro,
Liv. 6, 15, 10; cf.:de vestris,
Ov. F. 3, 828:de alieno,
Liv. 3, 1, 3; Just. 36, 3 fin.:de publico,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 44; Liv. 1, 20; 2, 16; 4, 60. For de tuo, once de te:de te largitor puer,
Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 17.—Also in a trop. sense:ad tua praecepta de meo nihil his novum apposivi,
Plaut. Mil. 3, 3, 31; cf. id. Men. 1. 2, 40; Cic. Fam. 4, 3; Plin. Ep. 4, 13, 8.— Poet., to denote that out of which, or by which, one pays a penalty or suffers punishment:has vestro de sanguine poenas datis,
Luc. 4, 805; cf.:cum de visceribus tuis satisfacturus sis quibus debes,
Cic. Q. Frat. 1, 3, 7.To designate the material of which any thing is made, of, out of, from:4.niveo factum de marmore signum,
Ov. M. 14, 313; cf. Verg. G. 3, 13:verno de flore corona,
Tib. 2, 1, 59:sucus de quinquefolio,
Plin. 26, 4, 11:cinis de fico,
Pall. 1, 35, 3 et saep.:de templo carcerem fleri,
Cic. Phil. 5, 7; cf. Flor. 2, 6, 32:captivum de rege facturi,
Just. 7, 2, 11; cf.:inque deum de bove versus erat,
Ov. F. 5, 616 et saep.:fles de rhetore consul,
Juv. 7, 197.—Cf. trop. by means of:de eodem oleo et opera exaravi nescio quid ad te,
Cic. Att. 13, 38.—Prov.:de nihilo nihilum,
Pers. 3, 84; cf. Lucr. 1, 157 sq.In mental operations, to indicate the subject-matter or theme on which any mental act (thinking, considering, advising, determining, etc.; discoursing, informing, exhorting, deciding, disputing, doubting, etc.) is founded; of, about, concerning, Gr. peri:5.cogitare de aliqua re, etc. (the most common signification): multa narrare de Laelio,
Cic. Lael. 1, 1:dubitare de re,
id. Fam. 3, 10, 15:de suo adventu docere,
Suet. Caes. 9:de moribus admonere,
Sall. Cat. 5, 9 et saep.—With this, too, is connected its use,To indicate the producing cause or reason, for, on account of, because of:6.nam id nisi gravi de causa non fecisset,
Cic. Att. 7, 7, 3; cf. id. de Or. 1, 41, 186; Cael ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 15; Cic. Att. 11, 3:de quo nomine ad arbitrum adiisti, de eo ad judicium venisti,
id. Rosc. Com. 4, 12:flebat uterque non de suo supplicio, sed pater de filii morte, de patris filius,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 30, § 76:de labore pectus tundit,
with pain, Plaut. Casin. 2, 6, 63:incessit passu de vulnere tardo,
Ov. M. 10, 49:humus fervet de corpore,
id. ib. 7, 560:facilius de odio creditur,
Tac. H. 1, 34:quod erat de me feliciter Ilia mater,
through me, Ov. F. 3, 233 et saep.To indicate the thing with reference to which any thing is done, with respect to, concerning:7.de istac re in oculum utrumvis conquiescito,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 121: nil peccat de savio, Caec. ap. Gell. 2, 23, 11 (v. 161 Ribbeck):credere de numero militum,
Cic. Att. 9, 1, 2:de numero dierum fidem servare,
Caes. B. G. 6, 36; Sall. C. 50, 3:de ceteris senatui curae fore,
id. Jug. 26, 1:concessum ab nobilitate de consule plebeio,
Liv. 6, 42:solem de virgine rapta consule,
Ov. F. 4, 581 et saep.—Ellipt.:de argento somnium,
as for the money, Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 50 (for which id. Heaut. 4, 2, 4: quod de argento sperem, nihil est): Varr. R. R. 1, 59, 1:de Dionysio sum admiratus,
Cic. Att. 9, 12; id. Off. 1, 15, 47:de me autem suscipe paullisper meas partes,
id. Fam. 3, 12, 2; Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 36 et saep.:de Samnitibus triumphare,
concerning, over, Cic. Sen. 16, 55; cf. Hor. 4, 2, 88:de Atheniensibus victoria,
Curt. 8, 1, 33.To indicate the thing in conformity with which any thing is done, according to, after:8.secundum: DE SENATVOS SENTENTIAD, S. C. de Bac.: fecisse dicas de mea sententia,
Plaut. Bac. 4, 9, 115; cf.:de suorum propinquorum sententia atque auctoritate fecisse dicatur,
Cic. Cael. 29: de consilii sententia Mamertinis se frumentum non imperare pronunciat, id. Verr. 2, 5, 21 al.:de ejus consilio velle sese facere,
Ter. Ph. 3, 1, 17:vix de mea voluntate concessum est,
Cic. Att. 4, 2, 4:de exemplo meo ipse aedificato,
Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 86:de more vetusto,
Verg. A. 11, 142; Ov. M. 7, 606:de nomine,
id. ib. 1, 447:patrioque vocat de nomine mensem,
id. F. 3, 77.With adjectives to form adverbial expressions.a.De integro, anew ( = ab integro, ex integro; cf.: iterum, rursus, denuo), indidemque eadem aeque oriuntur de integro, atque eodem occidunt, Pac. ap. Varr. L. L. 5, § 17 Müll. (v. 92 Ribb.):b.ratio de integro ineunda est mihi,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 2, 7; Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 56; id. Att. 13, 27; id. Fam. 12, 30, 2 et saep. (The combination de novo appears only in the contracted form denuo, v. h. v.).—De improviso, unexpectedly:c.ubi de improviso interventum est mulieri,
Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 40; id. And. 2, 2, 23; id. Ad. 3, 3, 53; Caes. B. G. 2, 3; 5, 22; 5, 39 et saep.; Cic. Rosc. Am. 52, 151 et saep.—De transverso, unexpectedly:► De is often put between an adj.ecce autem de transverso L. Caesar ut veniam ad se rogat,
Cic. Att. 15, 4 fin.; Auct. Her. 4, 10, 14.or pron. and its substantive; cf.II.above multa de nocte, media de nocte, gravi de causa, etc.: qua de re,
Ter. Andr. 1, 2, 13; esp. in the judic. formula: qua de re agitur; cf. Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 6; Cic. Brut. 79 fin. Also freq. after a simple relative:quo de,
Cic. Inv. 1, 28, 41; 54, 104; 2, 11, 37:qua de,
id. ib. 2, 23, 70 et saep.In composition the e becomes short before a vowel, as in dĕhisco, dĕhinc, dĕorsum, and coincides with it in the poets by synaeresis; cf.: dehinc, deinde, deinceps, deorsum; sometimes contraction takes place, as in debeo, debilis, dego, demo, from dehabeo, de-habilis, de-ago, de-emo.—2.Signif.a.Separation, departure, removal, taking away; off, away, down, out: decedo, demigro, demeto, depromo, descendo, devolvo, derivo, deflecto, etc.; and trop. dedico, denuntio; and in a downward direction, decido, decumbo, deprimo, demergo, delabor, defluo, demitto, desido, desideo, declivis, deculco, degredior, deicio, etc.—b.Cessation, removal of the fundamental idea ( = un-, de-, dis-): dearmo, deartuo, decresco, dedisco, dedecoro, dedignor, dedoceo, denascor, denormo, desum, etc.; and hence direct negation, as in dedecet, deformis, demens, etc.—c.With reference to the terminus of the action: defero, defigo, demitto, etc.; hence also trop., with reference to the extent of the action, to the uttermost, to exhaustion, through. out: debacchor, debello, dedolo, delino, delibuo, etc.: defatigo, delaboro, delasso, etc.; hence freq. a mere strengthening of the fundamental idea, = valde, thoroughly, much: demiror, demitigo, etc.—d.Giving a bad sense to the verb: decipio, delinquo, deludo, derideo, detestor.—e.Rarely, contraction from a broad into a narrow space, together: deligo, devincio. See also Hand Turs. II. p. 183-229. -
26 demo
dēmo, mpsi (msi), mptum (mtum), 3, v. a. [contr. from de-emo; cf. adimo and abemito], to take off, take away, to withdraw, subtract, remove (class. and very freq.; for syn. cf.: adimo, eripio, furor, rapio, prehendo, capio, sumo, excipio).I.Lit.:II.addita demptaque quaedam,
Lucr. 2, 770; cf.:cum aliquid additur aut demitur,
Cic. Ac. 2, 16:si quid ad eas (leges) addi demi mutarive vellet,
Liv. 31, 11 fin.:lubet scire quantum auri erus sibi dempsit,
Plaut. Bac. 4, 4, 14 (for which, shortly after, sibi novem abstulit):aurum sibi,
Ter. Eun. 4, 1, 13:secures de fascibus,
Cic. Rep. 2, 31; so,clipea de columnis,
Liv. 40, 51: de capite ( from the sum total) medimna DC, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 33; cf. ib. 35 (twice): una dempta uncia deunx, dextans dempto sextante, dodrans dempto quadrante, bes dempto triente, Varr. L. L. 5, § 172 Müll.:de stipendio equitum aera,
Liv. 7, 41:non hilum de tempore mortis,
Lucr. 3, 1100; cf.:partem de die,
Hor. Od. 1, 1, 20; Ov. Tr. 5, 2, 20 et saep.:quam minimum ex osse,
Cels. 8, 4; cf.:aliquid ex cibo,
id. 6, 6, 16:fetus ab arbore,
Ov. H. 20, 9; cf.:sucum a vellere,
id. A. A. 3, 214.—With simple abl.:fetus arbore,
id. M. 14, 689:juga equis,
id. ib. 7, 324; id. F. 2, 74; cf.:juga bobus,
Hor. Od. 3, 6, 42:vincla pedibus,
Ov. M. 3, 168; cf.:vincula nobis,
id. F. 3, 320:nubem supercilio,
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 94 et saep.:soleas (when about to recline at table),
Plaut. Truc. 2, 4, 16; cf.: Ov. A. A. 2, 212: haec (epistola) casu ad turrim adhaesit... dempta ad Ciceronem defertur, *Caes. B. C. 5, 48, 8:odorem vino,
Cato R. R. 110:barbam,
to shave, Suet. Caes. 67.—Trop.:nulla dies nobis maerorem e pectore demet,
Lucr. 3, 921; so,mihi et tibi et illis molestiam,
Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 33:nobis acerbam necessitudinem,
Sall. J. 102, 5:plus dignitatis patribus (with detrahere, and opp. addere),
Liv. 2, 60:silentia furto,
i. e. to disclose the theft, Ov. M. 2, 700 et saep.—Without a dat.:metum omnem,
Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 18:dolorem,
Lucr. 2, 21:sollicitudinem,
Cic. Att. 11, 15 fin.:curas his dictis,
Verg. A. 2, 775; 3, 153 et saep.:ex dignitate populi (opp. adicere),
Liv. 34, 54; cf.:de vi magistratus,
id. 3, 33 fin.:lex ipsa per se dempto auctore,
even without its author, Liv. 2, 42; cf.:dempto fine,
without end, Ov. Tr. 3, 11, 2:addere aut demere ad haec (verba),
Vulg. 1 Mac. 8, 30. -
27 dico
1.dĭco, āvi, ātum, 1 (dixe for dixisse, Val. Ant. ap. Arn. 5, 1; DICASSIT dixerit, Paul. ex Fest. p. 75, 15; rather = dicaverit), v. a. [orig. the same word with 2. dīco; cf. the meaning of abdĭco and abdīco, of indĭco and indīco, dedĭco, no. II. A. al., Corss. Ausspr. 1, 380].I.To proclaim, make known. So perh. only in the foll. passage: pugnam, Lucil. ap. Non. 287, 30.—Far more freq.,II.Relig. t. t., to dedicate, consecrate, devote any thing to a deity or to a deified person (for syn. cf.: dedico, consecro, inauguro).A.Prop.: et me dicabo atque animam devotabo hostibus, Att. ap. Non. 98, 12:2.donum tibi (sc. Jovi) dicatum atque promissum,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 72; cf.:ara condita atque dicata,
Liv. 1, 7 (for which aram condidit dedicavitque, id. 28, 46 fin.); so,aram,
id. 1, 7; 1, 20:capitolium, templum Jovis O. M.,
id. 22, 38 fin.:templa,
Ov. F. 1, 610:delubrum ex manubiis,
Plin. 7, 26, 27, § 97:lychnuchum Apollini,
id. 34, 3, 8, § 14:statuas Olympiae,
id. 34, 4, 9, § 16:vehiculum,
Tac. G. 40:carmen Veneri,
Plin. 37, 10, 66, § 178; cf. Suet. Ner. 10 fin. et saep.:cygni Apollini dicati,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 30, 73.—With a personal object, to consecrate, to deify (cf. dedico, no. II. A. b.):B.Janus geminus a Numa dicatus,
Plin. 34, 7, 16, § 34:inter numina dicatus Augustus,
Tac. A. 1, 59.—Transf., beyond the relig. sphere.1.To give up, set apart, appropriate a thing to any one: recita;* 2.aurium operam tibi dico,
Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 72; so,operam,
id. Ps. 1, 5, 147; Ter. Ph. 1, 2, 12:hunc totum diem tibi,
Cic. Leg. 2, 3, 7:tuum studium meae laudi,
id. Fam. 2, 6, 4:genus (orationis) epidicticum gymnasiis et palaestrae,
id. Or. 13, 42:librum Maecenati,
Plin. 19, 10, 57, § 177; cf.:librum laudibus ptisanae,
id. 18, 7, 15, § 75 al.:(Deïopeam) conubio jungam stabili propriamque dicabo,
Verg. A. 1, 73; cf. the same verse, ib. 4, 126:se Crasso,
Cic. de Or. 3, 3, 11; cf.: se Remis in clientelam, * Caes. B. G. 6, 12, 7:se alii civitati,
to become a free denizen of it, Cic. Balb. 11, 28;for which: se in aliam civitatem,
id. ib. 12 fin. —(I. q. dedico, no. II. A.) To consecrate a thing by using it for the first time:2.nova signa novamque aquilam,
Tac. H. 5, 16.— Hence, dĭcātus, a, um, P. a. (acc. to no. II.), devoted, consecrated, dedicated:loca Christo dedicatissima, August. Civ. Dei, 3, 31: CONSTANTINO AETERNO AVGVSTO ARRIVS DIOTIMVS... N. M. Q. (i. e. numini majestatique) EIVS DICATISSIMVS,
Inscr. Orell. 1083.dīco, xi, ctum, 3 ( praes. DEICO, Inscr. Orell. 4848; imp. usu. dic; cf. duc, fac, fer, from duco, etc., DEICVNTO, and perf. DEIXSERINT, P. C. de Therm. ib. 3673; imp. dice, Naev. ap. Fest. p. 298, 29 Müll.; Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 109; id. Bac. 4, 4, 65; id. Merc. 1, 2, 47 al.; cf. Quint. 1, 6, 21; fut. dicem = dicam, Cato ap. Quint. 1, 7, 23; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 72, 6 Müll.—Another form of the future is dicebo, Novius ap. Non. 507 (Com. v. 8 Rib.). — Perf. sync.:I.dixti,
Plaut. As. 4, 2, 14; id. Trin. 2, 4, 155; id. Mil. 2, 4, 12 et saep.; Ter. And. 3, 1, 1; 3, 2, 38; id. Heaut. 2, 3, 100 et saep.; Cic. Fin. 2, 3, 10; id. N. D. 3, 9, 23; id. Caecin. 29, 82; acc. to Quint. 9, 3, 22.— Perf. subj.:dixis,
Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 46; Caecil. ap. Gell. 7, 17 fin.:dixem = dixissem,
Plaut. Pseud. 1, 5, 84; inf. dixe = dix isse, Plaut. Fragm. ap. Non. 105, 23; Varr. ib. 451, 16; Arn. init.; Aus. Sept. Sap. de Cleob. 8; inf. praes. pass. dicier, Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 32; Vatin. in Cic. Fam. 5, 9 al.), v. a. [root DIC = DEIK in deiknumi; lit., to show; cf. dikê, and Lat. dicis, ju-dex, dicio], to say, tell, mention, relate, affirm, declare, state; to mean, intend (for syn. cf.: for, loquor, verba facio, dicto, dictito, oro, inquam, aio, fabulor, concionor, pronuntio, praedico, recito, declamo, affirmo, assevero, contendo; also, nomino, voco, alloquor, designo, nuncupo; also, decerno, jubeo, statuo, etc.; cf. also, nego.—The person addressed is usually put in dat., v. the foll.: dicere ad aliquem, in eccl. Lat., stands for the Gr. eipein pros tina, Vulg. Luc. 2, 34 al.; cf. infra I. B. 2. g).Lit.A.In gen.:b.Amphitruonis socium nae me esse volui dicere,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 228:advenisse familiarem dicito,
id. ib. 1, 1, 197:haec uti sunt facta ero dicam,
id. ib. 1, 1, 304; cf. ib. 2, 1, 23:signi dic quid est?
id. ib. 1, 1, 265:si dixero mendacium,
id. ib. 1, 1, 43; cf.opp. vera dico,
id. ib. 1, 1, 238 al.:quo facto aut dicto adest opus,
id. ib. 1, 1, 15; cf.:dictu opus est,
Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 68:nihil est dictu facilius,
id. Phorm. 2, 1, 70:turpe dictu,
id. Ad. 2, 4, 11:indignis si male dicitur, bene dictum id esse dico,
Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 27:ille, quem dixi,
whom I have mentioned, named, Cic. de Or. 3, 12, 45 et saep.: vel dicam = vel potius, or rather:stuporem hominis vel dicam pecudis attendite,
Cic. Phil. 2, 12, 30; cf.:mihi placebat Pomponius maxime vel dicam minime displicebat,
id. Brut. 57, 207; so id. ib. 70, 246; id. Fam. 4, 7, 3 al.—Dicitur, dicebatur, dictum est, impers. with acc. and inf., it is said, related, maintained, etc.; or, they say, affirm, etc.: de hoc (sc. Diodoro) Verri dicitur, habere eum, etc., it is reported to Verres that, etc., Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 18:c.non sine causa dicitur, ad ea referri omnes nostras cogitationes,
id. Fin. 3, 18, 60; so,dicitur,
Nep. Paus. 5, 3; Quint. 5, 7, 33; 7, 2, 44; Ov. F. 4, 508:Titum multo apud patrem sermone orasse dicebatur, ne, etc.,
Tac. H. 4, 52; so,dicebatur,
id. A. 1, 10:in hac habitasse platea dictum'st Chrysidem,
Ter. And. 4, 5, 1:dictum est,
Caes. B. G. 1, 1, 5; Liv. 38, 56; Quint. 6, 1, 27:ut pulsis hostibus dici posset, eos, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 1, 46, 3. Cf. also: hoc, illud dicitur, with acc. and inf., Cic. Fin. 5, 24, 72; id. de Or. 1, 33, 150; Quint. 4, 2, 91; 11, 3, 177 al. —Esp. in histt. in reference to what has been previously related:ut supra dictum est,
Sall. J. 96, 1:sicut ante dictum est,
Nep. Dion. 9, 5; cf. Curt. 3, 7, 7; 5, 1, 11; 8, 6, 2 et saep.—(See Zumpt, Gram. § 607.) Dicor, diceris, dicitur, with nom. and inf., it is said that I, thou, he, etc.; or, they say that I, thou, etc.:d.ut nos dicamur duo omnium dignissimi esse,
Plaut. As. 2, 2, 47: cf. Quint. 4, 4, 6:dicar Princeps Aeolium carmen ad Italos Deduxisse modos,
Hor. Od. 3, 30, 10 al.:illi socius esse diceris,
Plaut. Rud. 1, 2, 72: aedes Demaenetus ubi [p. 571] dicitur habitare, id. As. 2, 3, 2:qui (Pisistratus) primus Homeri libros confusos antea sic disposuisse dicitur, ut nunc habemus,
Cic. de Or. 3, 34, 137 et saep.:quot annos nata dicitur?
Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 89:is nunc dicitur venturus peregre,
id. Truc. 1, 1, 66 et saep. In a double construction, with nom. and inf., and acc. and inf. (acc. to no. b. and c.): petisse dicitur major Titius... idque ab eis facile (sc. eum) impetrasse, Auct. B. Afr. 28 fin.; so Suet. Oth. 7.—Dictum ac factum or dictum factum (Gr. hama epos hama ergon), in colloq. lang., no sooner said than done, without delay, Ter. And. 2, 3, 7:B.dictum ac factum reddidi,
it was "said and done" with me, id. Heaut. 4, 5, 12; 5, 1, 31; cf.:dicto citius,
Verg. A. 1, 142; Hor. S. 2, 2, 80; and:dicto prope citius,
Liv. 23, 47, 6.—In partic.1.Pregn.a.To assert, affirm a thing as certain (opp. nego):b.quem esse negas, eundem esse dicis,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 6, 12; cf.:dicebant, ego negabam,
id. Fam. 3, 8, 5; and:quibus creditum non sit negantibus, iisdem credatur dicentibus?
id. Rab. Post. 12, 35.—For dico with a negative, nego is used, q. v.; cf. Zumpt, Gram. § 799;2.but: dicere nihil esse pulchrius, etc.,
Liv. 30, 12, 6; 21, 9, 3 Fabri; so,freq. in Liv. when the negation precedes,
id. 30, 22, 5; 23, 10, 13 al.; cf. Krebs, Antibar. p. 355.—dico is often inserted parenthetically, to give emphasis to an apposition:3.utinam C. Caesari, patri, dico adulescenti contigisset, etc.,
Cic. Phil. 5, 18, 49; id. Tusc. 5, 36, 105; id. Planc. 12, 30; Quint. 9, 2, 83; cf. Cic. Or. 58, 197; id. Tusc. 4, 16, 36; Sen. Ep. 14, 6; id. Vit. Beat. 15, 6; Quint. 1, 6, 24:ille mihi praesidium dederat, cum dico mihi, senatui dico populoque Romano,
Cic. Phil. 11, 8, 20; Sen. Ep. 83, 12; Plin. Ep. 2, 20, 2; 3, 2, 2.—In rhetor. and jurid. lang., to pronounce, deliver, rehearse, speak any thing.(α).With acc.:(β).oratio dicta de scripto,
Cic. Planc. 30 fin.; cf.:sententiam de scripto,
id. Att. 4, 3, 3:controversias,
Quint. 3, 8, 51; 9, 2, 77:prooemium ac narrationem et argumenta,
id. 2, 20, 10:exordia,
id. 11, 3, 161:theses et communes locos,
id. 2, 1, 9:materias,
id. 2, 4, 41:versus,
Cic. Or. 56, 189; Quint. 6, 3, 86:causam, of the defendant or his attorney,
to make a defensive speech, to plead in defence, Cic. Rosc. Am. 5; id. Quint. 8; id. Sest. 8; Quint. 5, 11, 39; 7, 4, 3; 8, 2, 24 al.; cf.causas (said of the attorney),
Cic. de Or. 1, 2, 5; 2, 8, 32 al.:jus,
to pronounce judgment, id. Fl. 3; id. Fam. 13, 14; hence the praetor's formula: DO, DICO, ADDICO; v. do, etc.—With ad and acc. pers., to plead before a person or tribunal:(γ).ad unum judicem,
Cic. Opt. Gen. 4, 10:ad quos? ad me, si idoneus videor qui judicem, etc.,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 29, § 72; Liv. 3, 41.—With ad and acc. of thing, to speak in reference to, in reply to:(δ).non audeo ad ista dicere,
Cic. Tusc. 3, 32, 78; id. Rep. 1, 18, 30.—Absol.:4.nec idem loqui, quod dicere,
Cic. Or. 32:est oratoris proprium, apte, distincte, ornate dicere,
id. Off. 1, 1, 2; so,de aliqua re pro aliquo, contra aliquem, etc., innumerable times in Cic. and Quint.: dixi, the t. t. at the end of a speech,
I have done, Cic. Verr. 1 fin. Ascon. and Zumpt, a. h. 1.;thus, dixerunt, the t. t. by which the praeco pronounced the speeches of the parties to be finished,
Quint. 1, 5, 43; cf. Spald. ad Quint. 6, 4, 7.— Transf. beyond the judicial sphere:causam nullam or causam haud dico,
I have no objection, Plaut. Mil. 5, 34; id. Capt. 3, 4, 92; Ter. Ph. 2, 1, 42.—To describe, relate, sing, celebrate in writing (mostly poet.):b.tibi dicere laudes,
Tib. 1, 3, 31; so,laudes Phoebi et Dianae,
Hor. C. S. 76:Dianam, Cynthium, Latonam,
id. C. 1, 21, 1:Alciden puerosque Ledae,
id. ib. 1, 12, 25:caelestes, pugilemve equumve,
id. ib. 4, 2, 19:Pelidae stomachum,
id. ib. 1, 6, 5:bella,
id. Ep. 1, 16, 26; Liv. 7, 29:carmen,
Hor. C. 1, 32, 3; id. C. S. 8; Tib. 2, 1, 54:modos,
Hor. C. 3, 11, 7:silvestrium naturas,
Plin. 15, 30, 40, § 138 et saep.:temporibus Augusti dicendis non defuere decora ingenia,
Tac. A. 1, 1; id. H. 1, 1:vir neque silendus neque dicendus sine cura,
Vell. 2, 13.—Of prophecies, to predict, foretell:5.bellicosis fata Quiritibus Hac lege dico, ne, etc.,
Hor. C. 3, 3, 58:sortes per carmina,
id. A. P. 403:quicquid,
id. S. 2, 5, 59:hoc (Delphi),
Ov. Tr. 4, 8, 43 et saep.—To pronounce, articulate a letter, syllable, word: Demosthenem scribit Phalereus, cum Rho dicere nequiret, etc., Cic. Div. 2, 46, 96; id. de Or. 1, 61, 260; Quint. 1, 4, 8; 1, 7, 21 al.—6.To call, to name: habitum quendam vitalem corporis esse, harmoniam Graii quam dicunt, Lucr. 3, 106; cf.: Latine dicimus elocutionem, quam Graeci phrasin vocant, Quint. 8, 1, 1:7.Chaoniamque omnem Trojano a Chaone dixit,
Verg. A. 3, 335:hic ames dici pater atque princeps,
Hor. Od. 1, 2, 50:uxor quondam tua dicta,
Verg. A. 2, 678 et saep. —Prov.:dici beatus ante obitum nemo debet,
Ov. M. 3, 135.—To name, appoint one to an office:8.ut consules roget praetor vel dictatorem dicat,
Cic. Att. 9, 15, 2: so,dictatorem,
Liv. 5, 9; 7, 26; 8, 29:consulem,
id. 10, 15; 24, 9; 26, 22 (thrice):magistrum equitum,
id. 6, 39:aedilem,
id. 9, 46:arbitrum bibendi,
Hor. Od. 2, 7, 26 et saep.—To appoint, set apart. fix upon, settle:9.nam mea bona meis cognatis dicam, inter eos partiam,
Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 113; cf. Pompon. ap. Non. 280, 19:dotis paululum vicino suo,
Afran. ib. 26:pecuniam omnem suam doti,
Cic. Fl. 35: quoniam inter nos nuptiae sunt dictae, Afran. ap. Non. 280, 24; cf.:diem nuptiis,
Ter. And. 1, 1, 75:diem operi,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 57:diem juris,
Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 16:diem exercitui ad conveniendum Pharas,
Liv. 36, 8; cf. id. 42, 28, and v. dies:locum consiliis,
id. 25, 16:leges pacis,
id. 33, 12; cf.:leges victis,
id. 34, 57:legem tibi,
Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 18; Ov. M. 6, 137; cf.:legem sibi,
to give sentence upon one's self, id. ib. 13, 72:pretium muneri,
Hor. C. 4, 8, 12 et saep.—With inf.: prius data est, quam tibi dari dicta, Pac. ap. Non. 280, 28. — Pass. impers.:eodem Numida inermis, ut dictum erat, accedit,
Sall. J. 113, 6.—To utter, express, esp. in phrases:10.non dici potest, dici vix potest, etc.: non dici potest quam flagrem desiderio urbis,
Cic. Att. 5, 11, 1; 5, 17, 5:dici vix potest quanta sit vis, etc.,
id. Leg. 2, 15, 38; id. Verr. 2, 4, 57, § 127; id. Or. 17, 55; id. Red. ad Quir. 1, 4; cf. Quint. 2, 2, 8; 11, 3, 85.—(Mostly in colloq. lang.) Alicui, like our vulg. to tell one so and so, for to admonish, warn, threaten him:11.dicebam, pater, tibi, ne matri consuleres male,
Plaut. As. 5, 2, 88; cf. Nep. Datam. 5; Ov. Am. 1, 14, 1.—Esp. freq.:tibi (ego) dico,
I tell you, Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 30; id. Bacch. 4, 9, 76; id. Men. 2, 3, 27; id. Mil. 2, 2, 62 et saep.; Ter. And. 1, 2, 33 Ruhnk.; id. ib. 4, 4, 23; id. Eun. 2, 3, 46; 87; Phaedr. 4, 19, 18; cf.:tibi dicimus,
Ov. H. 20, 153; id. M. 9, 122; so, dixi, I have said it, i. e. you may depend upon it, it shall be done, Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 90; 92.—Dicere sacramentum or sacramento, to take an oath, to swear; v. sacramentum.II.Transf., i. q. intellego, Gr. phêmi, to mean so and so; it may sometimes be rendered in English by namely, to wit:A.nec quemquam vidi, qui magis ea, quae timenda esse negaret, timeret, mortem dico et deos,
Cic. N. D. 1, 31, 86; id. de Or. 3, 44, 174: M. Sequar ut institui divinum illum virum, quem saepius fortasse laudo quam necesse est. At. Platonem videlicet dicis, id. Leg. 3, 1:uxoris dico, non tuam,
Plaut. As. 1, 1, 30 et saep.—Hence, dictum, i, n., something said, i. e. a saying, a word.In gen.: haut doctis dictis certantes sed male dictis, Enn. ap. Gell. 20, 10 (Ann. v. 274 Vahl.; acc. to Hertz.: nec maledictis); so,B.istaec dicta dicere,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 40:docta,
id. ib. 2, 2, 99; id. Men. 2, 1, 24; Lucr. 5, 113; cf.condocta,
Plaut. Poen. 3, 2, 3:meum,
id. As. 2, 4, 1:ridiculum,
id. Capt. 3, 1, 22:minimum,
Cic. Fam. 1, 9:ferocibus dictis rem nobilitare,
Liv. 23, 47, 4 al.:ob admissum foede dictumve superbe,
Lucr. 5, 1224; cf.facete,
Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 73; id. Poen. 3, 3, 24; Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 57; Cic. Off. 1, 29, 104 al.:lepide,
Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 103:absurde,
id. Capt. 1, 1, 3:vere,
Nep. Alc. 8, 4:ambigue,
Hor. A. P. 449 et saep.—Pleon.:feci ego istaec dicta quae vos dicitis (sc. me fecisse),
Plaut. Casin. 5, 4, 17.—In partic.1.A saying, maxim, proverb:2.aurea dicta,
Lucr. 3, 12; cf.veridica,
id. 6, 24: Catonis est dictum. Pedibus compensari pecuniam, Cic. Fl. 29 fin. Hence, the title of a work by Caesar: Dicta collectanea (his Apophthegmata, mentioned in Cic. Fam. 9, 16), Suet. Caes. 56.—Esp. freq.,For facete dictum, a witty saying, bon-mot, Enn. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 54 fin. (cf. Cic. ap. Macr. S. 2, 1 fin.); Cic. Phil. 2, 17; Quint. 6, 3, 2; 16; 36; Liv. 7, 33, 3; Hor. A. P. 273 et saep.; cf. also, dicterium.—3.Poetry, verse (abstr. and concr.): dicti studiosus, Enn. ap. Cic. Brut. 18, 71:4.rerum naturam expandere dictis,
Lucr. 1, 126; 5, 56:Ennius hirsuta cingat sua dicta corona,
Prop. 4 (5), 1, 61.—A prediction, prophecy, Lucr. 1, 103; Verg. A. 2, 115; Val. Fl. 2, 326 al.; cf. dictio.—5.An order, command:6.dicto paruit consul,
Liv. 9, 41; cf. Verg. A. 3, 189; Ov. M. 8, 815:haec dicta dedit,
Liv. 3, 61; cf. id. 7, 33; 8, 34; 22, 25 al.: dicto audientem esse and dicto audire alicui, v. audio.—A promise, assurance:illi dixerant sese dedituros... Cares, tamen, non dicto capti, etc.,
Nep. Milt. 2, 5; Fur. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1, 34. -
28 discrimen
discrīmen, ĭnis, n. [contr. from discerimen à discerno; cf. crimen from cerno], lit., that which separates or divides two things from each other (for syn. cf.: differentia, discrepantia, diversitas, distantia); hence,I.Lit., an intervening space, interval, distance, division, separation:II.cum (duo maria) pertenui discrimine separarentur,
Cic. Agr. 2, 32, 87:minimum quos inter et hostem Discrimen murus clausaque porta facit,
Ov. Pont. 1, 8, 62:aequo discrimine,
Lucr. 5, 690; Verg. A. 5, 154:parvum leti,
Ov. M. 7, 426; Verg. A. 9, 143:dare discrimina costis,
i. e. to separate them, id. ib. 10, 382:quae (sc. littera F) inter discrimina dentium efflanda est,
Quint. 12, 10, 29:agminum,
Curt. 4, 12 fin.:ungulae,
Col. 6, 15 fin.:comae,
Ov. A. A. 2, 302; and in like manner poet.: telluris pectitae, i. e. furrow, Col. Poët. 10, 94; Claud. Nupt. Honor. 103:medium luci,
Grat. Cyneg. 486.—Hence, med. t. t., the dividing membrane, the midriff, diaphragm, Cael. Aur. Tard. 2, 11, 127; 5, 10, 124 al.—Trop. (so most frequent).A.In gen., a distinction, difference: amabat omnes, nam discrimen non facit, Lucil. ap. Non. 282, 27:B.iste, qui omnia jura pretio exaequasset omniumque rerum delectum atque discrimen pecunia sustulisset,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 50; cf.:officia tollebantur delectu omni et discrimine remoto,
id. Fin. 4, 25, 69:sit hoc discrimen inter gratiosos cives atque fortes, ut illi, etc.,
id. Balb. 21 fin.:sine ullo sexus discrimine,
Suet. Calig. 8; cf.:rapti per agros viatores sine discrimine liberi servique,
id. Aug. 32:omisso sui alicuique discrimine,
Liv. 5, 55:divinarum humanarumque rerum,
id. 5, 40:recti pravique,
Quint. 12, 3, 7:vocum,
id. 1, 5, 25; cf.so of the different tones of the strings: septem discrimina vocum,
Verg. A. 6, 646 et saep.— Poet.:tenues parvi discriminis umbrae,
i. e. of easy gradation, Ov. M. 6, 62. —In partic.1.With respect to disputed matters, which are to be distinguished between, and thus decided upon, the decisive point, turning-point, critical moment, determination, decision:2.quoniam res in id discrimen adducta est, utrum ille poenas rei publicae luat, an nos serviamus,
to this point, Cic. Phil. 3, 11, 29; cf.:ea res nunc in discrimine versatur, utrum... an, etc.,
id. Quint. 30, 92; Liv. 29, 17:vicit disciplina militaris, vicit imperii majestas, quae in discrimine fuerunt, an ulla post hanc diem essent,
id. 8, 35, 4: haec et his similia haud in magno equidem ponam discrimine, shall not regard as of great moment, id. praef. §8: postquam adesse discrimen ultimum belli animadvertit,
id. 44, 23:instant enim (adversarii) et saepe discrimen omne committunt,
abandon the most decisive points, Quint. 6, 4, 17 et saep.— Poet.:experiar, deus hic, discrimine aperto, An sit mortalis,
the test, Ov. M. 1, 222.—Transf., a dangerous, decisive moment, crisis, dangerous condition; risk, danger, hazard:in ipso discrimine periculi aliquem destituere,
Liv. 6, 17; so,periculi,
id. 8, 24: in summo rem esse discrimine, * Caes. B. G. 6, 38, 2; cf.:adducta est res in maximum periculum et extremum pene discrimen,
Cic. Phil. 7, 1:salus sociorum summum in periculum ac discrimen vocatur,
id. de Imp. Pomp. 5, 12:in extremo discrimine ac dimicatione fortunae,
id. Sull. 28:in veteris fortunae discrimen adducitur,
id. Mur. 27, 55; cf.:aliquem in discrimen capitis adducere,
id. Deiot. 1, 2; so,capitis,
Quint. 11, 1, 49:si ei subito sit allatum periculum discrimenque patriae,
Cic. Off. 1, 43, 154:rem publicam in discrimen committere,
Liv. 8, 32; 33, 7; cf.:fuitque dies illa tenebrarum et discriminis,
Vulg. Esth. 11, 8. -
29 disto
di-sto, āre ( perf. distiti, only Boëth. in Porphyr. 4, p. 89), v. n., to stand apart, to be separate, distant (freq. and class.).I.Lit. (cf. absum), absol.:B.quantum summa labra (fossae) distabant,
Caes. B. G. 7, 72, 1; cf. id. ib. 4, 17, 6; Cic. Phil. 2, 27, 67; Liv. 33, 1; Ov. M. 2, 241 et saep.—With inter se:turres pedes LXXX. inter se distant,
Caes. B. G. 7, 72 fin.:trabes inter se binos pedes,
id. ib. 7, 23, 1; cf. id. B. C. 2, 10, 2:inter se modicum spatium,
Liv. 8, 8, 5:multum sidera inter se,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 24, 69:hastati inter se modicum spatium,
Liv. 8, 8 et saep.—With a or ab:(imago) distare a speculo,
Lucr. 4, 289; so,castra ab castris,
Caes. B. C. 1, 82, 3:terra ab hujus terrae continuatione,
Cic. N. D. 2, 66 al. —With simple abl.:cum tanto Phrygiā Gallica distet humus,
Ov. F. 4, 362; cf. id. M. 3, 145;also: foro nimium distare Carinas,
Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 48:spatium,
Ov. M. 11, 715. —Transf., of remoteness in time:II.non multum aetate distantes,
Quint. 12, 10, 4:non multum inter se distantes tempore, ib. § 11: quantum distet ab Inacho Codrus,
Hor. C. 3, 19, 1:haud multum distanti tempore,
Tac. A. 3, 24.Trop., of quality, to differ, be different =differre, discrepare (freq.):ut distare aliquid aut ex aliqua parte differre videatur,
Cic. Caecin. 14; cf.:quia res differebant, nomina rerum distare voluerunt,
id. Top. 8, 34:moribus et legibus distant (civitates),
Quint. 5, 10, 40; cf. id. 6, 4, 21:in totum metaphora brevior est similitudo, eoque distat, quod, etc.,
id. 8, 6, 8:multum inter se distant istae facultates longeque sunt diversae atque sejunctae,
Cic. de Or. 1, 49, 215:multum inter se genera dicendi,
id. Or. 16, 52; Quint. 7, 2, 3:hominum vita tantum distat a victu et cultu bestiarum,
Cic. Off. 2, 4, 15; so with ab, id. ib. 3, 17, 71; id. Rosc. Am. 15, 44; id. de Or. 2, 65, 263; Quint. 5, 10, 114; Hor. S. 2, 2, 53; Ov. Tr. 1, 2, 11 al.; cf.:quid enim tam distans quam a severitate comitas?
Cic. Or. 10, 34. —With dat.:infido scurrae distabit amicus,
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 4; so,paulum sepultae inertiae celata virtus,
id. C. 4, 9, 29:quid aera lupinis,
id. Ep. 1, 7, 23:pulchra et exactis minimum distantia,
id. ib. 2, 1, 72:enthymema syllogismo,
Quint. 5, 10, 7 al. — Impers.: distat, there is a difference:distat, sumasne pudenter An rapias,
Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 44; 2, 2, 195; id. S. 2, 3, 210; Quint. 5, 10, 26. -
30 dormio
dormĭo, īvi or ii, ītum, 4 ( futur. dormibo, Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 100:I.dormibit,
Cato R. R. 5, 5), v. n. [Sanscr. R. drā-, drayami, I sleep; Gr. darthanô], to sleep (cf.: dormito, sopio, sterto).Lit., sup.: Quin tu is dormitum? Ph. Dormio, ne occlamites, Plaut. Curc. 1, 3, 27; cf.:2.ire dormitum,
id. Most. 3, 2, 4; 16; id. Ps. 2, 2, 70; Hor. S. 1, 5, 48; 1, 6, 119 et saep.; cf.also: dormitum dimittitur,
Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 73.— Pass. impers.:minimum dormitur in illo (lecto),
Juv. 6, 269.—Prov.:non omnibus dormio,
Cic. Fam. 7, 24, 1; cf.: proverbium videtur natum a Cipio quodam, qui Pararhenchon dictus est, quod simularet dormientem, quo impunitius uxor ejus moecharetur;ejus meminit Lucilius,
Fest. p. 173, 5 sq. Müll.: in utramvis aurem dormire, v. auris, I.—Poet., in the pass., of time, to be slept through, spent in sleep:B.nox est perpetua una dormienda,
Cat. 5, 6:tota mihi dormitur hiems,
Mart. 13, 59.—Pregn., of the sleep of death:3.quid si ego illum tractim tangam ut dormiat?
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 157; cf. ib. 142, and the preceding passage from Cat. 5, 6; Inscr. Orell. 4760; 4808; Vulg. 1 Cor. 15, 6, 18 al.—Praegn.:II.dormire cum aliquo, of sexual intercourse,
Juv. 6, 34; 376; Ov. H. 19, 57; Vulg. Gen. 19, 32 et saep.—Trop.A.To rest, be at ease, inactive:B.hoc vide ut dormiunt pessuli pessumi,
Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 67; Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 59; Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 70; Prop. 3, 6, 34 (4, 5, 34 M.); Juv. 2, 37; Mart. 10, 62.—To be careless, unconcerned:uxorem duxit... et inde filiam Suscepit jam unam, dum tu dormis,
Ter. Ph. 5, 8, 18; so Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 17, and in eccl. Lat., to be careless in spiritual things, unawakened, Vulg. 1 Cor. 11, 30 al. -
31 duco
dūco, xi, ctum, 3 ( imp. duc;I.but duce,
Plaut. Ep. 3, 3, 18; id. Most. 1, 4, 11; id. Poen. 5, 4, 59; id. Rud. 2, 3, 55; id. Trin. 2, 2, 103; id. Truc. 2, 5, 26.— Perf. sync.: duxti, Varr. ap. Non. 283, 32; Cat. 91, 9; Prop. 1, 3, 27), v. a. [cf. Goth. tiuh-an; O. H. Germ. zieh-an, to draw; Germ. -zog, in Herzog, commander, duke], to lead, conduct, draw, bring forward, in all senses; very freq. passing over into the signif. of the compounds abducere, deducere, adducere, producere, etc., and of the synonyms agere, trahere, movere, etc. (very freq.).Lit.A.In gen.:B.quo sequar? quo ducis nunc me?
Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 2: duc hos intro, id. Am. 2, 2, 224; id. Aul. 2, 6, 13:duc ac demonstra mihi,
id. Cist. 2, 3, 36:suas secum mulierculas sunt in castra ducturi,
Cic. Cat. 2, 10 fin.; cf. Caes. B. G. 5, 5 fin. et saep.:(difficile iter) vix qua singuli carri ducerentur,
id. ib. 1, 6, 1; cf.plaustra,
Ov. Tr. 3, 10, 34: aquam ducere, Cato ap. Charis. p. 192 P.; so,aquam per fundum ejus,
Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 2, § 4:spiritum naribus,
Varr. R. R. 2, 3, 5: so,spiritum per siccas fauces,
Sen. Ben. 3, 8; cf.:aërem spiritu,
Cic. N. D. 2, 6 fin.:animam spiritu,
id. ib. 2, 54, 136; and in gen.: spiritum, for to live, id. Fam. 10, 1; cf.:vitam et spiritum,
id. de Imp. Pomp. 12, 33:tura naribus,
to inhale, Hor. C. 4, 1, 22:sucos nectaris,
to drink in full draughts, to quaff, id. ib. 3, 3, 34; cf.pocula,
id. ib. 1, 17, 22; and:Liberum,
id. ib. 4, 12, 14.— Poet.:jucunda oblivia vitae (referring to the waters of Lethe),
Hor. S. 2, 6, 62 (cf. Verg. A. 6, 714 sq.) et saep.:mucronem,
to draw from the scabbard, Verg. A. 12, 378; cf.:ferrum vaginā,
Ov. F. 4, 929:ensem vagina,
Sil. 8, 342;but: ensem duxerat faber,
had beaten out, forged, Tib. 1, 3, 48:sortem,
Cic. Div. 2, 33; Verg. A. 6, 22;hence, also transf. of that which is drawn by lot,
Cic. Div. 1, 18, 34; id. Rep. 1, 34; Suet. Caes. 12; Tac. A. 1, 54; 3, 28 al.:pondus aratri,
to draw, Ov. M. 7, 119:remos,
to row, id. ib. 1, 294; cf. id. ib. 4, 353:numerosa brachia,
in dancing, id. Am. 2, 4, 29:lanas,
to spin, id. ib. 4, 34; cf.stamina,
id. ib. 4, 221:ubera,
to milk, id. ib. 9, 358:frena manu,
to guide, govern, id. ib. 15, 518: vela, to haul (= navigare), Prop. 1, 6, 2:manus, of swimming,
id. 3, 20, 2:ilia,
to draw the flanks together, become broken-winded, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 9:os,
to draw awry, to make wry faces, Cic. Or. 25 fin.; Quint. 9, 3, 101; cf.vultum,
Ov. M. 2, 774; id. P. 4, 8, 13; Mart. 1, 41 et saep.:non equus impiger Curru ducet Achaico Victorem,
to draw along, Hor. C. 4, 3, 5; cf. id. Ep. 1, 1, 93.— Absol.:sibi quisque ducere, trahere, rapere,
to take to one's self, appropriate, Sall. J. 41, 5.—Esp.1.To lead, conduct, as a way or road:2.via ducit (te), in urbem?
Verg. E. 9, 1; cf. Plin. Ep. 7, 5; Verg. A. 1, 401; Ov. F. 2, 679:Brundisium Minuci melius via ducat an Appi,
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 20:via ad undas,
Ov. M. 3, 602:via ad infernas sedes,
id. ib. 4, 433; cf.:iter ad urbem,
id. ib. 437; Curt. 3, 28, 19; Sen. Prov. 6, 7; id. Vit. Beat. 1; Plin. 18, 11, 29, § 111; Quint. 5, 9, 14; Liv. 5, 40, 8 al.—Se, in colloq. lang., to betake one's self, go:3.jam me ad regem recta ducam,
Plaut. Am. 4, 3, 8; id. Aul. 4, 8, 8; id. Bacch. 4, 2, 11; Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 7: Balbus duxit se a Gadibus, Asin. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 32, 1.—A legal t. t., to take, lead away, drag, carry off a person before court, to prison, to punishment, etc.: POST. DEINDE. MANVS. INIECTIO. ESTO. IN. IVS. DVCITO, XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 20, 1, 45; so,4.in jus,
Liv. 2, 27:illos duci in carcerem jubent,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 30:aliquem in carcerem,
Suet. Caes. 20:in vincula,
id. ib. 79:ad mortem,
Cic. Cat. 1, 1, 1; Nep. Phoc. 4, 3; and absol.:ducite, ubi capiat, etc.,
Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 65; Sen. de Ira, 1, 16, 14; Suet. Calig. 27; Plin. Ep. 10, 97, 3 al.: NI. IVDICATVM. FACIT. AVT. QVIS. ENDO. EM. IVRE. VINDICIT. SECVM. DVCITO. VINCITO, etc., XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 20, 1, 45:decreta ejus modi: SI PETIT DUCAS. C. Fuficium duci jussit petitorem,
to be imprisoned, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 12, § 31; so of a debtor (addictus) who is led off as a slave, Novat. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 63, 255; Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 87; Cic. Fl. 20 fin.; Liv. 6, 14 sq.; cf. id. 2, 23 med.; cf.prov.: stultitiast venatum ducere invitas canes,
Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 83. —Uxorem, to lead a wife home, i. e. to marry:5.bona uxor si ea deducta est, etc.... Verum egon eam ducam domum, Quae, etc.?
Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 91:uxorem domum,
id. Aul. 2, 1, 40; Ter. Ph. 2, 1, 68:filiam Orgetorigis in matrimonium,
Caes. B. G. 1, 9, 3; cf. Liv. 4, 4:eum uxorem ducturum esse aliam,
Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 105:uxorem (or aliquam, filiam alicujus, etc.),
id. Aul. 2, 1, 48; id. Cas. prol. 69 et saep.; Ter. And. 1, 1, 128; 2, 1, 21 et saep.; Cic. Sest. 3; Caes. B. G. 1, 53, 4; id. B. C. 3, 110, 2; Verg. E. 8, 29; Vulg. Marc. 10, 11 et saep.— Absol.:si tu negaris ducere,
Ter. And. 2, 3, 5; 2, 3, 9; id. Phorm. 2, 3, 76; Liv. 4, 4 al.: jugum ducere cum infidelibus, i. e. to be yoked in marriage, Vulg. 2 Cor. 6, 14.—Rarely for nubere: si ignorans statum Erotis ut liberum duxisti, isque postea servus est judicatus, etc., Imp. Antonin. ap. Cod. Just. 5, 18, 3.—In the comic poets, of taking home prostitutes, Plaut. Most. 1, 1, 35; 4, 2, 44; id. Men. 1, 2, 15; id. Stich. 5, 4, 48; id. Truc. 3, 2, 10 et saep.—In milit. lang.a.Said of a commander, to lead, to cause to move, to march his army in any direction:b.locis apertis exercitum ducere,
Caes. B. G. 1, 41, 4; cf. id. B. C. 1, 64 fin.; 1, 68, 1:exercitum ab Allobrogibus in Segusianos,
id. B. G. 1, 10 fin.:exercitum in fines Suessionum,
id. ib. 2, 12, 1; cf. id. ib. 4, 38, 3;5, 18, 1: exercitum (legiones, etc.) in Bellovacos,
id. ib. 2, 13, 1; 5, 24, 2 et saep.; cf. Tac. A. 2, 57:cohortes ad eam partem munitionum, quae, etc.,
Caes. B. C. 3, 62, 2:exercitum Uticam,
id. ib. 2, 26, 1:reliquas copias contra Labienum,
id. B. G. 7, 61 fin. et saep.—In pass., of the soldiers, to march, move:quam in partem aut quo consilio ducerentur,
Caes. B. G. 1, 40, 2.—And in act., absol., of the general himself, to march, move (a favorite expression of Liv.;not in Caes. or Sall.): (Mettus) ducit, quam proxime ad hostem potest,
Liv. 1, 23; 1, 27; 9, 35; 22, 18 et saep.—Hence,In gen., to lead, command an army or (more freq.) a division:(β).qua in legatione duxit exercitum,
Cic. Mur. 9, 20; so,exercitum,
Nep. Eum. 13, 1; id. Epam. 7, 3:qui superiore anno primum pilum duxerat,
Caes. B. G. 5, 35, 6; 6, 38, 1; id. B. C. 3, 91, 1:ordinem,
id. ib. 1, 13, 4; 3, 104, 3; Suet. Vesp. 1:partem exercitūs,
Sall. J. 55, 4 et saep.—Rarely, to lead a division in front, in advance:consuetudine sua Caesar sex legiones expeditas ducebat: post eas... inde, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 2, 19, 2; hence also, to march in front, take the lead, said of the division that forms the van:pars equitum et auxiliariae cohortes ducebant, mox prima legio, etc.,
Tac. A. 1, 51; cf. id. ib. 1, 64 fin. —Transf. beyond the milit. sphere, to lead, to be leader, head, chief, first in any thing:c.accedit etiam, quod familiam ducit,
Cic. Fam. 7, 5 fin. Manut.; so,familiam,
id. Phil. 5, 11, 30; id. Fin. 4, 16, 45:ordines,
id. Phil. 1, 8, 20:classem (discipulorum),
Quint. 1, 2, 24 Spald.:funus,
Hor. Epod. 8, 12:toros,
Ov. F. 6, 668 et saep.—To conduct as prisoners in a triumph:6.per triumphum,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 26, § 67:in triumpho,
Plin. 7, 43, 45, § 139, v. triumphus.—With the accessory idea of creation, formation, to produce, form, construct, make, fashion, shape, dispose (cf.:7.struo, pono, condo, fundo): parietem per vestibulum alicujus,
to erect, Cic. Mil. 27 fin.; cf.muros,
Hor. C. 4, 6, 23:vallum ex castris ad aquam,
Caes. B. C. 1, 73, 2:fossam,
id. B. G. 7, 72, 1; 7, 73, 2:arcum,
Ov. M. 3, 160:lateres de terra,
Vitr. 2, 3:vivos vultus de marmore (with excudere spirantia aera),
Verg. A. 6, 849; cf. id. ib. 7, 634; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 240; Varr. ap. Non. 283, 32; Plin. 7, 37, 38, § 125; Quint. 10, 3, 18 Spald.; Juv. 7, 237; hence, poet. also:epos,
Hor. S. 1, 10, 44:carmen,
Ov. Tr. 1, 11, 18; 3, 14, 32:versus,
id. ib. 5, 12, 63 et saep.:liniam ex colore,
Plin. 35, 10, 36, § 81; Quint. 2, 6, 2; cf.orbem,
id. 11, 3, 118:alvum,
to bring forth by clysters, Cels. 2, 12; 4, 4 et saep.: alapam alicui, qs. to fetch one a box on the ear, Phaedr. 5, 3, 2; cf.colaphum,
Quint. 6, 3, 83 Spald.:pugnum,
Dig. 47, 10, 4 et saep.;so esp. of processions, dances, etc.: funus,
Cic. Quint. 15 fin.; Ov. M. 14, 746; Verg. G. 4, 256; cf.exsequias,
Plin. 8, 42, 64, § 154:pompam,
Ov. H. 12, 152; id. F. 6, 405; id. M. 13, 699:choros,
Tib. 2, 1, 56; Hor. C. 1, 4, 5; 4, 7, 6 et saep.; cf.choreas,
Ov. M. 8, 582; 14, 520.—To receive, admit, take any thing (not ante-Aug.):II.cicatricem,
Ov. Tr. 3, 11, 66; Liv. 29, 32, 12:rimam,
Ov. M. 4, 65:situm,
to grow rusty, Quint. 1, 2, 18:formam,
Ov. M. 1, 402:colorem,
id. ib. 3, 485; cf.pallorem,
to grow pale, id. ib. 8, 760:nomina,
Hor. C. 3, 27, 76:notam,
id. ib. 4, 2, 59 et saep.Trop.A.In gen., to lead, guide, draw, conduct:B.progredimur quo ducit quemque voluntas,
Lucr. 2, 258; cf. Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 27; 1, 6, 57:ad strepitum citharae cessatum ducere curam,
id. ib. 1, 2, 31:Liber vota bonos ducit ad exitus,
id. C. 4, 8, 34; cf. Quint. 12, 1, 26:per quaedam parva sane ducant (futurum oratorem),
id. 1, 10, 5; cf. id. 1, 1, 27; 1, 5, 58.—Prov.:ducunt volentem fata, nolentem trahunt,
Sen. Ep. 107.—In partic.1.To draw, deduce, [p. 616] derive its origin or beginning from, any thing:2.ab aliqua re totius vitae ducere exordium,
Cic. Fin. 5, 7, 18; cf.:exordium a nostra persona,
Quint. 3, 8, 8; 4, 1, 7:principium disputationis a principe investigandae veritatis,
Cic. N. D. 2, 21 fin.:belli initium a fame,
id. Att. 9, 9, 2; cf. Quint. 1, 1, 21:initia causasque omnium ex quatuor temporum mutationibus,
Cic. N. D. 2, 19, 49:originem ab Isocrate,
Quint. 2, 15, 4; 1, 6, 38; Hor. C. 3, 17, 5 al.:ingressionem non ex oratoriis disputationibus, sed, etc.,
Cic. Or. 3, 11:honestum ab iis rebus,
id. Off. 1, 18, 60; id. Or. 39, 135:nomen ex quo,
id. Ac. 11, 41; cf.:nomen a Graeco,
Quint. 1, 6, 3; 3, 7, 1; Hor. S. 2, 1, 66 et saep.; cf.also: utrumque (sc. amor et amicitia) ductum (al. dictum) est ab amando,
Cic. Lael. 27; id. Fin. 2, 24, 78.—To lead a person, as regards his will or opinions, in any direction; to move, incite, induce, allure, in a good or bad sense (most freq. in the pass.):b.ita me ad credendum tua ducit oratio,
Cic. Tusc. 2, 18:nos ducit scholarum consuetudo,
Quint. 4, 2, 28; 5, 11, 19; cf. id. 9, 1, 21:ducit te species,
Hor. S. 2, 2, 35 et saep.:declamatores quosdam perversa ducit ambitio, ut, etc.,
Quint. 10, 7, 21.—In the pass.:si quis statuarum honore aut gloria ducitur,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 58 fin.:eloquentiae laude,
id. Or. 32, 115:quaestu et lucro,
id. Tusc. 5, 3, 9:hoc errore ut, etc.,
id. Off. 1, 41; cf.:litteris eorum et urbanitate, ut, etc.,
id. Rosc. Am. 41, 120:omnes trahimur et ducimur ad cognitionis et scientiae cupiditatem,
id. Off. 1, 6 et saep.—In a bad sense, to cheat, deceive, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 26; id. Capt. 4, 2, 7; Ter. And. 4, 1, 20; id. Ph. 3, 2, 15; Prop. 2, 17, 1 (3, 8, 1 M.); Ov. H. 19, 13; id. M. 3, 587 (with decipere).—3.With regard to time, to draw out, extend, protract, prolong:b.bellum,
Caes. B. G. 1, 38, 4; id. B. C. 2, 18, 6; 2, 37, 5 sq.; Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 2; Liv. 22, 25 et saep.; cf.:bellum longius,
Caes. B. C. 1, 64, 2; 3, 42, 3:bellum in hiemem,
id. ib. 1, 61, 3:eam rem longius,
id. B. G. 7, 11, 4; cf.:rem prope in noctem,
id. B. C. 3, 51, 7:rem leniter,
Liv. 3, 41 et saep. Also transf., of time itself:tempus,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 11; Nep. Them. 7:diem ex die,
Caes. B. G. 1, 16, 4; and of persons who are put off, delayed:ubi se diutius duci intellexit,
id. ib. 1, 16, 5.—Less freq. (mostly poet.),In gen., of time, to pass, spend, enjoy:4.aetatem in litteris,
Cic. Fin. 5, 19, 50; so,aetatem,
Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 202:vitam,
id. Epod. 17, 63; Sen. Ep. 45, 10; cf. Verg. A. 2, 641 (where, shortly before, vitam producere):noctes,
Prop. 1, 11, 5; Plin. Ep. 6, 31, 13:somnos,
Verg. A. 4, 560.—In mercant. lang., to calculate, compute, reckon: age nunc summam sumptus duc, Lucil. ap. Non. 283, 30:b.minimum ut sequamur, quoniam XC. medimnūm milia duximus, accedant eo, etc.,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 49; id. Att. 6, 1, 5 and 16; 6, 2, 7; Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 11; Gell. 1, 20, 5.—Transf. beyond the mercant. sphere.(α).Rationem alicujus, to consider, calculate, care for one's advantage or interest (a favorite expression of Cicero):(β).duxi meam rationem, quam tibi facile me probaturum arbitrabar,
Cic. Att. 8, 11 D, § 7; so,suam quoque rationem,
to have respect to one's own advantage, id. Verr. 2, 1, 48; and:non minorem aratorum quam populi rationem,
Suet. Aug. 42 fin.:salutis meae rationem,
Cic. Fam. 7, 3:rationem officii, non commodi,
id. Sest. 10, 23; cf. id. Rosc. Am. 44, 128:unius cujusque temporis ducta ratio est,
id. Div. in Caecil. 4, 16:rationem officii atque existimationis,
id. Quint. 16, 53.—In gen., to reckon, consider, hold, account, esteem as any thing (cf. aestimo and existimo;very freq. in prose and poetry): parvi id ducebat,
Cic. Fin. 2, 8, 24:pro nihilo aliquid,
Plaut. Pers. 4, 4, 85; Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 16 fin.; id. Tusc. 5, 32, 90; cf. Auct. Her. 4, 20, 28:ea pro falsis ducit,
Sall. C. 3, 2; cf.:innocentiam pro malevolentia,
id. ib. 12, 1:vos eritis judices, Laudin' an vitio duci id factum oportuit,
Ter. Ad. prol. 5; so,aliquid honori,
Sall. J. 11, 3:aliquid laudi, Nep. praef. § 4: aliquem despicatui,
Cic. Fl. 27, 65: nihil praeter virtutem in bonis ducere (for which, shortly after, in bonis habere = numerare), Cic. Fin. 3, 3;aliquem in numero hostium,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 25 fin.; Caes. B. G. 6, 32, 1; cf. ib. 6, 23, 8; without in, ib. 6, 21, 2; cf.:aliquem loco affinium,
Sall. J. 14, 1 Kritz. N. cr.: aliquid testimonii loco, Quint. 5, 9, 10:tutelae nostrae duximus, cum Africo bello urgerentur,
Liv. 21, 41; cf.:officii duxit exorare filiae patrem, etc.,
Suet. Tib. 11:faceret, quod e republica fideque sua duceret,
id. ib. 25, 7 et saep.:malum cum amici tuum ducis malum,
Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 48; cf.:Archytas iracundiam seditionem quandam animi vere ducebat,
Cic. Rep. 1, 38:eorum, quos idoneos ducebat, consilium habet,
Sall. J. 62, 4:nil rectum nisi quod placuit sibi ducunt,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 83.— With acc. and inf.:sic equidem ducebam animo rebarque futurum,
Verg. A. 6, 690:ut omnia tua in te posita esse ducas humanosque casus virtute inferiores putes,
Cic. Lael. 2, 7, 19 fin.; id. Rep. 1, 2; 1, 17; 1, 38; 3, 9 (three times); Sall. J. 93, 5; Liv. 22, 14, 6; 22, 59, 5; Caes. B. G. 1, 3, 2; 4, 30, 2; 6, 18 et saep.—Here too probably belongs the much disputed passage: ludos et inania honoris medio rationis atque abundantiae duxit (= ludos publicos cum aliis rebus quae ad inania honoris pertinent, duxit, i. e. existimavit habendos et ponendos in medio rationis atque abundantiae, ut inter rationem, quae plane spernit inania, et abundantiam, quae eadem ostentat, media via incederet), he thought right to manage them in a middle course between reason and profusion, Tac. Agr. 6 fin., v. Dübner and Orell. ad h. l. -
32 dumtaxat
dumtaxat (less correctly, duntax-at; in ante-Aug. monuments perh. always written separately; often in inscriptions separated by some words: dum... taxat; cf. also Lex ap. Fest. p. 246, 12 Müll.), adv. [dum-taxo; hence, lit., as far as it holds good, extends].I.To this extent, so far, in so far, as far as this matter is concerned:II.sin autem jejunitatem et siccitatem... dummodo sit polito... in Attico genere ponit, hoc recte dumtaxat,
Cic. Brut. 82, 285:nos animo dumtaxat vigemus,
id. Att. 4, 3 fin.:sint ista pulchriora dumtaxat adspectu,
id. N. D. 2, 18, 47; id. Div. 2, 43, 90; id. Deiot. 1, 1; Hirt. B. Afr. 90; Dig. 4, 3, 17, § 1: dumtaxat de peculio, as far as relates to the peculium, Edict. Praet. ap. Dig. 15, 2, 1; Dig. 14, 4, 7, § 5.—Hence, defining a limit, either as maximum or as minimum, exactly, of the proper measure, which may be not more, or not less.A. 1.Esp. in specifying numbers and amounts: MITTANTVR MVLIERES LIBERAE DVMTAXAT QVINQVE, Edict. Praet. ap. Dig. 25, 4, 1, § 10 med.: secum duxerit dum taxat homines IIL. (= duodequinquaginta), Lex. Acil. Repet. 32; Cato, R. R. 49 (quoted in Plin. 17, 22, 35, § 198):2.ut consules potestatem haberent tempore dumtaxat annuam, genere ipso ac jure regiam,
Cic. Rep. 2, 32; in tmesis: eum quis volet magistratus multare, dum minore parti familiae taxat, liceto, Lex Silia A. U. C. 510, Huschke, Jurisp. Antejust. p. 10.—In gen., in other restrictive applications:3.dumtaxat, ut hoc promittere possis, etc.,
Lucr. 3, 378: peditatu dumtaxat procul ad speciem utitur, equites in aciem mittit, * Caes. B. C. 2, 41, 2: Cato enim dumtaxat de magnitudine animi, etc., simply, Cic. Par. ad prooem. 3; id. N. D. 1, 38, 107; 1, 44, 123; id. Ep. ad Brut. 3; id. de Or. 2, 27, 119; Liv. 10, 25; Tac. G. 25; Suet. Caes. 55; 75; Hor. S. 2, 6, 42 et saep.; Curt. 4, 42; 9, 36 al.—So, non dumtaxat = non modo:B. 1.non rebus dumtaxat, sed etiam moribus, etc.,
Dig. 26, 7, 12, § 3:non eos dumtaxat, sed omnes, etc.,
ib. 50, 16, 235; cf.:nec dumtaxat animum vobis fidelem praestitit, sed omnibus interfuit bellis, etc.,
Liv. 37, 53, 9.—Like A. 1., esp. in numerical specifications: obsonari dumtaxat ad minam, * Plaut. Truc. 2, 4, 91: cum in testamento scriptum esset, [p. 619] ut heres in funere aut in monumento DVMTAXAT AVREOS CENTVM consumeret, non licet minus consumere, si amplius vellet, licet, Dig. 50, 16, 202:2.statim Arpinum irem, ni te in Formiano commodissime exspectari viderem, dumtaxat ad prid. Non. Mai.,
Cic. Att. 2, 14; cf.:IBI EPVLENTVR DVMTAXAT IN V. ID. IVL.,
Inscr. Orell. 707.—In gen., in other restrictive applications:3.valde me Athenae delectarunt: urbs dumtaxat et urbis ornamentum,
Cic. Att. 5, 10, 5; cf. id. ib. 2, 18, 2; id. Fam. 12, 1; id. Mil. 2, 5; id. de Or. 1, 58, 249; id. Lael. 15, 53 al.: Cels. 5, 26; Sen. Ben. 5, 2; id. Ep. 58; Quint. 1, 4, 20; 2, 10, 2; Hor. A. P. 23:non tantum virtutes cujusque digne prosecutus, sed vitia quoque et delicta, dumtaxat modica, perpessus,
at least, Suet. Aug. 66.—In a very few passages dumtaxat approaches so nearly in meaning to dummodo that it may be rendered by a conjunction in Eng., provided that:qui, cum luxuriose viverent, non reprehenderentur eo nomine dumtaxat cetera caverent,
Cic. Fin. 2, 7, 21; cf. Suet. Aug. 66 supra; v. Hand, Turs. II. pp. 330-339. -
33 firmitas
firmĭtas, ātis, f. [firmus], firmness, durability, strength (class.; syn.: constantia, firmitudo, perseverantia).I.Lit.: ea, quae ille (Epicurus) propter firmitatem steremnia appellat, Cic. N. D. 1, 19, 49: age specta, [p. 753] postes cujusmodi! Quanta firmitate facti, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 134: materiae, * Caes. B. C. 2, 11, 1:II.amphorarum,
Plin. 35, 12, 46, § 161:Aegyptii lini,
id. 19, 1, 2, § 14:fastigiorum templorum,
id. 35, 12, 46, § 158:uvae contra frigora, etc.,
id. 14, 3, 4, § 40:vini,
id. 14, 2, 4, § 21:gladiatoria totius corporis,
vigor, Cic. Phil. 2, 25, 63; cf. Quint. 8, 4, 16:corporis,
id. 11, 3, 19; 2, 16, 13; Plin. Pan. 4, 7; 15, 1:capitis, lateris pecorisve,
Quint. 11, 3, 16; 40:firmitas et vigor vocis,
Gell. 2, 3, 4:valetudinis,
Plin. 20, 5, 20, § 42. —In plur.:pulvis Puteolanus aedificiis praestat firmitates,
Vitr. 2, 6.—Trop., firmness, steadfastness, stability, endurance, constancy, power:firmitas et constantia,
Cic. Fam. 9, 11, 1:animi,
id. Sest. 44, 95; id. Att. 12, 38, 3; id. Tusc. 5, 26, 74:sapientis,
id. Ac. 2, 20, 66: exercitus numero amplissimus, firmitate exiguus, Planc. in Cic. Fam. 10, 24, 3:ut quisque minimum firmitatis haberet minimumque virium, ita amicitias appetere maxime,
Cic. Lael. 13, 46; cf.:ea (amicitia) non satis habet firmitatis,
id. ib. 5, 19:si aliquid firmitatis nactus sit Antonius,
id. Fam. 11, 12, 1:imperii,
Suet. Vesp. 7. -
34 glutio
glūtĭo or gluttio, īvi or ĭi, ītum, 4, v. a. [kindr. with Sanscr. glri, to swallow down; hence also gula and the redupl. gurgulio], to swallow or gulp down: gluttit, enkaptei, Gloss. (mostly post-Aug.).I.Lit.:B.nimio sunt crudae (collyrae), nisi quas madidas gluttias,
Plaut. Pers. 1, 3, 15:epulas,
Juv. 4, 29:micularum minimum cum vino destillatum gluttivi,
Fronto Ep. 5, 40 Mai.; Vulg. Job, 7, 19.—Transf., of sound, to utter interruptedly, as if swallowing:II.cum glutiunt vocem velut strangulati,
Plin. 10, 12, 15, § 33.—Trop.:2.Christus clamans glutitam mortem,
Tert. adv. Marc. 2, 267.‡ glutio, īre, the noise made by hens, to cluck; v. ‡ glocidare. -
35 gluttio
glūtĭo or gluttio, īvi or ĭi, ītum, 4, v. a. [kindr. with Sanscr. glri, to swallow down; hence also gula and the redupl. gurgulio], to swallow or gulp down: gluttit, enkaptei, Gloss. (mostly post-Aug.).I.Lit.:B.nimio sunt crudae (collyrae), nisi quas madidas gluttias,
Plaut. Pers. 1, 3, 15:epulas,
Juv. 4, 29:micularum minimum cum vino destillatum gluttivi,
Fronto Ep. 5, 40 Mai.; Vulg. Job, 7, 19.—Transf., of sound, to utter interruptedly, as if swallowing:II.cum glutiunt vocem velut strangulati,
Plin. 10, 12, 15, § 33.—Trop.:2.Christus clamans glutitam mortem,
Tert. adv. Marc. 2, 267.‡ glutio, īre, the noise made by hens, to cluck; v. ‡ glocidare. -
36 gusto
gusto, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [gustus], to taste, to take a little of any thing (freq. and class.; cf.: libo, manduco, edo, etc.).I.Lit.A.In gen.:B.cum biduum ita jejunus fuissem, ut ne aquam quidem gustarem,
Cic. Fam. 7, 26, 1:leporem et gallinam et anserem gustare fas non putant,
Caes. B. G. 5, 11:gustatus sanguis,
Plin. 8, 16, 19, § 52: celerius panis mandendus quam vinum [p. 832] gustandum, Cels. 4, 3:gustare de potione,
Suet. Tit. 2:herba subsalsa gustanti,
Plin. 21, 29, 103, § 175:alypon acre gustatu ac lentum,
id. 27, 4, 7, § 22:aliquid de sanguine,
Juv. 15, 92; 14, 85.—Prov.:primis, ut dicitur, labris gustare physiologiam,
i. e. to have a superficial knowledge of, Cic. N. D. 1, 8, 20.—In partic., to take a slight meal, to take a luncheon or whet; to eat a little:II.Cretes, quorum nemo gustavit umquam cubans,
Cic. Mur. 35, 74:post solem plerumque frigida lavabatur, deinde gustabat, dormiebatque minimum,
Plin. Ep. 3, 5, 11; Aug. ap. Suet. Aug. 76.—Trop., to taste, partake of, enjoy:gustaras civilem sanguinem vel potius exsorbueras,
Cic. Phil. 2, 29, 71:gustare partem ullam liquidae voluptatis,
id. Fin. 1, 18, 58:quod si ipsi haec neque attingere neque sensu nostro gustare possemus, tamen, etc.,
id. Arch. 8, 17:praecepta,
id. de Or. 1, 32, 145:summatim rerum causas et genera ipsa,
id. ib. 2, 36, 123:Metrodorum illum,
i. e. heard, attended for a while, id. ib. 3, 20, 75:partem aliquam rei publicae,
id. Fam. 12, 23, 3:sermonem alicujus,
i. e. listen to, overhear, Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 15:amorem vitae,
Lucr. 5, 179:lucellum,
Hor. S. 2, 5, 82. -
37 intersum
inter-sum, fŭi, esse (interfŭtūrus, Cic. Div. in Caecil. 11, 35;I.in tmesi: interque esse desiderat pugnis,
Arn. 7, 255), v. n., to be between, lie between (class.; syn. interjaceo).In gen.A.Of space:B.quas (segetes) inter et castra unus omnino collis intererat,
Caes. B. G. 6, 35:ut Tiberis inter eos et pons interesset,
Cic. Cat. 3, 2:via interest perangusta,
Liv. 22, 4:morari victoriam rati, quod interesset amnis,
id. 21, 5:quod interest spatii,
Plin. 6, 9, 10, § 28.—Of time:II.cujus inter primum et sextum consulatum sex et quadraginta anni interfuerunt,
elapsed, Cic. de Sen. 17, 60:inter Laviniam et Albam Longam coloniam deductam triginta ferme interfuere anni,
Liv. 1, 3; Cic. Leg. 3, 3, 8.—Transf.A.To be apart; with abl. of distance (syn. disto):B.clathros interesse oportet pede,
Cato, R. R. 4.—To be different, to differ:C. (α).ut inter eos, ne minimum quidem intersit,
there is not the slightest difference, Cic. Ac. 2, 17, 52: inter hominem et beluam hoc maxime interest, quod, men differ chiefly from brutes in this, that, etc., id. Off. 1, 4, 11:vide, quantum interfuturum sit inter meam atque tuam accusationem,
how great a difference there will be, id. Div. in Caecil. 11, 35:in his rebus nihil omnino interest,
there is no difference whatever, id. Ac. 2; 15, 47:hoc pater ac dominus interest,
there is this difference, Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 51:tantum id interest, veneritne eo itinere ad urbem, an ab urbe in Campaniam redierit,
Liv. 26, 11.— With ab (like differo, rare):negant quidquam a falsis interesse,
Cic. Ac. 2, 9, 27; cf.:quod intersit aut differat, aliud ab alio,
id. Fin. 3, 7, 25:quod ab eo nihil intersit, etc.,
id. Ac. 2, 26, 83.—With dat.:ut matrona Intererit Satyris paulum pudibunda protervis,
Hor. A. P. 232:quid dimidium dimidiato intersit,
Gell. 3, 14, 4.—With gen. (in analogy with the Gr. diapherein tinos): quoniam to nemesan interest (= diapherei) tou phthonein, i. e. anger differs from envy, Cic. Att. 5, 19 fin. —Absol.:(β).ac si ipse interfuerit, ac praesens viderit,
Cic. Inv. 1, 54, 104:interfuisse me memini,
Suet. Dom. 12.—With dat. rei:(γ).consiliis,
Cic. Att. 14, 22, 2; 2, 23, 3:crudelitati,
id. ib. 9, 6, 7:negotiis,
id. Fam. 1, 6:lacrimis patris,
Verg. A. 11, 62:ludis,
Suet. Tib. 72:caedi,
id. Dom. 47:rebus gerendis,
Gell. 5, 18, 1:sermoni,
id. 11, 7, 1:senatui,
Cic. Dom. 11; Suet. Claud. 46:populo Quirini,
to be among, live with, Hor. C. 1, 2, 46:rebus divinis,
Caes. B. G. 6, 13, 4:proelio,
id. ib. 7, 87:bello,
Liv. 36, 4:spectaculo,
id. 2, 38.— Also, with dat. loci:curiae,
Suet. Aug. 38:contubernio patris,
Aur. Vict. Caes. 27, 1.—Also, with dat. pers.:sacrificanti interfuit,
attended him, Suet. Oth. 6.—With in and abl.:D.in convivio,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 14, 39:in testamento faciendo,
id. Clu. 59, 162:voluerunt eos in suis rebus ipsos interesse,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 6, § 14:quibus in rebus,
Auct. Her. 1, 9.— Also used of time, to live in:quisquis illis temporibus interfuit,
Vell. 2, 114, 2:cui tempori Saturninus interfuit,
Sulp. Sev. Dial. 3, 3; cf.:ea (ratiocinatio) dicitur interfuisse tum, cum aliquid vitasse aut secutus esse animus videbitur,
to have taken place, Cic. Inv. 2, 5, 18.—To interest, be of interest to one (very rare as pers. verb):III.non quo mea interesset natura loci,
Cic. Att. 3, 19, 1 (cf. interest, impers. infra). —Esp.: intĕrest, impers., it makes a difference, interests, concerns, imports; is of interest, importance; constr. with gen. pers. or meā, tuā, suā, and with a subj. or rel. clause, ut or ne, or with ad:ea vos rata habeatis, ne magis reipublicae interest, quam mea,
Liv. 26, 31, 10:quanto opere reipublicae communisque salutis intersit, manus hostium distineri,
Caes. B. G. 2, 5, 2:semper ille, quantum interesset P. Clodii, se perire, cogitabat,
Cic. Mil. 21, 56:quid illius interest, ubi sis?
id. Att. 10, 4, 10:quis enim est hodie, cujus intersit istam legem manere?
id. Phil. 1, 9:hoc vehementer interest rei publicae,
id. Q. Fr. 2, 4, 1:quod ego et mea et rei publicae interesse arbitror,
id. Fam. 2, 19 fin.:multum interest rei familiaris tuae, te quam primum venire,
id. Fam. 4, 10, 2:tuā et meā maxime interest, te valere,
id. ib. 16, 4:id ignorare eos velis, quorum intersit id scire,
id. Off. 3, 13, 57.— With ut or ne:illud meā magni interest, te ut videam,
Cic. Att. 11, 22, 2:quod ut facias tuā interesse arbitror,
id. Fam. 12, 18, 2:vestrā interest, ne imperatorem pessimi faciant,
Tac. H. 1, 30:non tam suā quam reipublicae interesse ut salvus esset,
Suet. Caes. 86; so,utriusque nostrum magni interest ut te videam,
Cic. Fam. 3, 5, 4 B. and K. (dub.).— With gen. pretii:quod meus familiaris tanti suā interesse arbitraretur,
Cic. Fam. 13, 10.—With rel. or interrog.-clause:in omnibus novis conjunctionibus interest, qualis primus aditus sit,
Cic. Fam. 13, 10, 4: non tam interest, quo animo scribatur, quam quo accipiatur, Caecin. ap. Cic. Fam. 6, 7, 1:neque multum interest, quod nondum per numeros distributi sunt,
Plin. Ep. 10, 30, 2; cf. with utrum... an: quid interfuit, homo audacissime, utrum hoc decerneres, an, etc., what mattered it? Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 61, § 141:nihil interest nunc, an violaverim, etc.,
Liv. 26, 31.— With ad:ad honorem interesse,
Cic. Fam. 16, 1, 1:ad decus et ad laudem civitatis,
id. N. D. 1, 4, 7:ad laudem nostram,
id. ib. 5, 12, 2:ad beate vivendum,
id. Fin. 2, 28, 90. -
38 inverto
I.Lit.:2. II.pingue solum Fortes invertant tauri,
to turn up, plough up, Verg. G. 1, 64:campum,
id. ib. 3, 161:Boreas invertit ornos,
upturns, overthrows, Luc. 6, 390:vinaria,
to upset, empty, Hor. S. 2, 8, 39:mare,
i. e. disturbed, rough, id. Epod. 10, 5:alveos navium inversos pro tuguriis habere,
Sall. J. 18, 5:adeo vehementer talum inverti, ut minimum affuerim quin articulum defregerim,
dislocated, App. Flor. 3, p. 134, 3:si polypus invertatur,
Plin. 9, 30, 48, § 91:invertere se,
to turn over, id. 32, 2, 5, § 13:cum in locum anulum inverterat,
Cic. Off. 3, 9, 38. —Trop., to invert, transpose; to change. alter; to pervert; to exchange:B.ut cum semel dictum sit directe, invertatur ordo, et idem quasi sursum versus retroque dicatur,
Cic. Part. 7, 24: quae in vulgus edita ejus verbis, invertere supersedeo, to alter, give in another form, Tac. A. 15, 63:virtutes,
to alter, misrepresent, Hor. S. 1, 3, 55:lanas,
to dye, color, Sil. 16, 569:Vertumnus Deus invertendarum rerum est,
i. e. of barter, trade, Ascon. ad Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 59, § 154. —Esp. of words, to pervert, misapply, use ironically (cf. inversio, I.):A.invertuntur verba, ut, etc.,
Cic. de Or. 2, 65, 262.—Hence, inversus, a, um, P. a., turned upside down, inverted.Lit.:B.vomer inversus,
Hor. Epod. 2, 63:carinae,
Plin. 9, 6, 5, § 15:manus (opp. supina),
id. 12, 25, 54, § 121:charta,
Mart. 4, 87, 11:submovere Euros Pellibus inversis,
turned inside out, Juv. 14, 187.—Trop., inverted, perverted: annus, inverted, brought back to its beginning, i. e. completed, ended, Hor. S. 1, 1, 36:pro curia, inversique mores!
perverted, corrupt, id. C. 3, 5, 7:consuetudo,
Quint. 3, 9, 9:verba,
perverted from their proper meanings, ambiguous, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 131; so,too, verba,
dark, obscure, Lucr. 1, 642. — Neutr. sing. as adv.: inversum, upside down:surculis inversum superpositis,
Sol. 8. -
39 laboro
lăbōro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. n. and a. [2. labor].I.Neutr., to labor, take pains, exert one's self, strive.A.In gen.:B.ne labora,
Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 37:sese (aratores) sibi, laborare,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 52, § 121:quid ego laboravi, aut quid egi, aut in quo evigilaverunt curae et cogitationes meae, si? etc.,
id. Par. 2, 17:ne familiares, si scuta ipsi ferrent, laborarent,
id. Phil. 5, 6:si mea res esset, non magis laborarem,
id. Fam. 13, 44; 74:qui non satis laborarunt,
Quint. 8 prooem. §29: frustra laborabimus,
id. 6, 3, 35; cf.:frustra laboret Ausus idem,
Hor. A. P. 241:in enodandis nominibus,
to exert one's self in vain, Cic. N. D. 3, 24, 62:circa memoriam et pronuntiationem,
Quint. 6, 4, 1:circa nomina rerum ambitiose,
id. 3, 11, 21:in famam, Sen. de Ira, 3, 41, 3: in commune,
Quint. 5, 11, 24; 8, 2, 18:in spem,
Ov. M. 15, 367.—With dat., to toil for, to serve:cui (Jovi) tertia regna laborant,
Sil. 8, 116.—With in and abl.:quid est, in quo se laborasse dicit?
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 53, § 124:qua in re mihi non arbitror diu laborandum,
Quint. 2, 3, 2:in dura humo,
Ov. F. 4, 416:in remigando,
Vulg. Marc. 6, 48:in omni gente,
in behalf of, Juv. 8, 239.—With pro:pro hoc (L. Flacco) laborant,
Cic. Planc. 11, 28:pro salute mea,
id. Dom. 11, 30:pro Sestio,
id. Fam. 13, 8, 1.—With ut:laborabat, ut reliquas civitates adjungeret,
Caes. B. G. 7, 31:ut honore dignus essem, maxime semper laboravi,
Cic. Planc. 20, 50:ut vos decerneretis laboravi,
id. Prov. Cons. 11, 28:neque te ut miretur turba labores,
Hor. S. 1, 10, 73. —With ne:et sponsio illa ne fieret, laborasti,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 57, § 132: quae ego ne frustra subierim... laboro, Lent. ap. Cic. Fam. 12, 14, 5.—With inf.:quem perspexisse laborant,
Hor. A. P. 435:amarique ab eo laboravi,
Plin. Ep. 1, 10, 2; 2, 5, 9:si sociis fidelissimis prospicere non laboratis,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 55, § 127:quod audiri non laborarit,
Cic. Att. 5, 2, 2:hunc superare laboret,
Hor. S. 41, 112; 2, 3, 269:ne quaerere quidem de tanta re laborarint,
Nep. Pel. 3, 1:describere,
Cael. Aur. Acut. 2, 1.—In partic.1.To suffer, to labor under, to be oppressed, afflicted, or troubled with.(α).Absol.: aliud est dolere, aliud laborare. Cum varices secabantur C. Mario, dolebat: cum aestu magno ducebat agmen, laborabat. Est mter haec tamen quaedam similitudo: consuetudo enim laborum perpessionem dolorum efficiet faciliorem, Cic. [p. 1025] Tusc. 2, 15, 35:(β).valetudo tua me valde conturbat: significant enim tuae litterae, te prorsus laborare,
id. Att. 7, 2, 2:cum sine febri laborassem,
id. ib. 5, 8:eum graviter esse aegrum, quod vehementer ejus artus laborarent,
id. Tusc. 2, 25, 61.—With ex:(γ).ex intestinis,
Cic. Fam. 7, 26, 1:ex pedibus,
id. ib. 9, 23:ex renibus,
id. Tusc. 2, 25, 60:e dolore,
Ter. And. 1, 5, 33.—Esp. of mental disorders, etc.:ex invidia,
Cic. Clu. 71, 202; id. Rosc. Am. 51, 149:ex desiderio,
id. Fam. 16, 11, 1:ex inscitia,
id. Inv. 2, 2, 5:ex aere alieno laborare,
to be oppressed with debt, Caes. B. C. 3, 22.—With ab:(δ).a re frumentaria,
Caes. B. C. 3, 9:ab avaritia,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 26.—With abl.:2.laborantes utero puellae,
Hor. C. 3, 22, 2:domesticā crudelitate,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 53, 154:nec vero quisquam stultus non horum morborum aliquo laborat,
id. Fin. 1, 18, 59:odio apud hostes, contemptu inter socios,
Liv. 6, 2:pestilentiā laboratum est,
id. 1, 31, 5:crimine temeritatis,
Quint. 12, 9, 14.—To grieve, be in trouble, be vexed, to be concerned, solicitous, or anxious:3.animo laborabat, ut reliquas civitates adjungeret,
Caes. B. G. 7, 31:ut vos decerneretis, laboravi,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 11:nihil laboro, nisi ut salvus sis,
id. Fam. 16, 4, 4:sponsio illa ne fieret laborasti,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 57, § 132.— With de (esp. of events or persons on whose account one is concerned):sororem de fratrum morte laborantem,
Cic. Inv. 2, 26, 78:de quibus ego ante laborabam, ne, etc.,
id. Caecin. 1, 3:laboro, ut non minimum hac mea commendatione se consecutum videretur,
id. Fam. 13, 26, 4:noli putare me de ulla re magis laborare,
id. Att. 6, 1, 3:his de rebus eo magis laboro, quod, etc.,
id. Fam. 13, 56, 3:in uno,
i. e. to love, Hor. C. 1, 17, 19: non laboro, nihil laboro, I don't trouble myself about it, it concerns me not:cujus manu sit percussus, non laboro,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 34, 97:quorsum recidat responsum tuum non magnopere laboro,
id. Rosc. Com. 15, 43:Tironi prospicit, de se nihil laborat,
id. Phil. 8, 9, 26:quid est quod de iis laborat,
id. ib. 8, 8, 27; id. Tusc. 1, 43, 103.—With abl.:tuā causā,
Cic. Fam. 3, 7, 6:neglegens ne qua populus laborat,
Hor. C. 3, 8, 25.—With in:in re familiari valde laboramus,
Cic. Att. 4, 1, 3.—To be in distress, difficulty, or danger:II.quos laborantes conspexerat iis subsidia submittebat,
Caes. B. G. 4, 26:suis laborantibus succurrere,
id. B. C. 2, 6; Sall. C. 60, 4:ne legatus laborantibus suis auxilio foret,
id. J. 52, 6; Curt. 9, 1, 15.— Impers. pass.:maxime ad superiores munitiones laboratur,
Caes. B. G. 7, 85.—Of inanim. things:ut utraeque (triremes) ex concursu laborarent,
Caes. B. C. 2, 6:nec cur fraternis luna laboret equis (of an eclipse of the moon, because the sun's light is then withdrawn from it),
Prop. 2, 34, 52 (3, 32, 48 M.); so,luna laboret,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 38, 92:cum luna laborare non creditur,
Plin. 2, 9, 6, § 42:laboranti succurrere lunae,
Juv. 6, 443:Aquilonibus Querceta laborant,
Hor. C. 2, 9, 6:laborantem ratem deserere,
Ov. P. 2, 6, 22:laborat carmen in fine,
Petr. 45.—Act. (only since the Aug. per.; for in Cic. Cael. 22, 54, elaboratus is the correct reading).A.To work out, elaborate, to form, make, prepare:B.noctibus hibernis castrensia pensa laboro,
Prop. 4, 3, 33:quale non perfectius Meae laborarint manus,
Hor. Epod. 5, 60:arte laboratae vestes,
Verg. A. 1, 639:laborata Ceres,
bread, id. ib. 8, 181:et nobis et equis letum commune laboras,
preparest, Sil. 16, 411.—To labor at, to cultivate:frumenta ceterosque fructus,
Tac. G. 45. -
40 mereo
mĕrĕo, ŭi, ĭtum, 2, v. a., and mĕrĕor, ĭtus, 2, v. dep. [cf. Gr. meros, meiromai, moros, etc.; hence, to receive one's share; cf. II. below], to deserve, merit, to be entitled to, be worthy of a thing; constr. with acc., with ut, with ne, with inf., and absol.I.In gen.(α).With acc.:(β).mereri praemia,
Caes. B. G. 7, 34:laudem,
id. ib. 1, 40, 5; Cic. Div. in Caecil. 18, 60:nec minimum decus,
Hor. A. P. 286:amorem,
Quint. 6 prooem.:favorem aut odium,
id. 4, 1, 44:gratiam nullam,
Liv. 45, 24, 7; Quint. 4, 9, 32:fidem,
Vell. 2, 104 fin.:summum honorem,
Juv. 6, 532:supplicium,
id. 6, 219.—With ut:(γ).respondit, sese meruisse, ut decoraretur,
Cic. de Or. 1, 54, 232.—With ne:(δ).mereri, ne quis,
Plin. 35, 2, 2, § 8.—With inf.:(ε).quae merui vitio perdere cuncta meo,
Ov. Tr. 5, 11, 16:credi,
Quint. 10, 1, 72:sanctus haberi,
Juv. 8, 25.—Absol.:II.dignitatem meam, si mereor, tuearis,
if I deserve it, Cic. Fam. 10, 17, 3.—In a bad sense:meruisse supplicium,
Ov. M. 5, 666.—In partic.A.To earn, gain, get, obtain, acquire:B.quid meres? quantillo argenti te conduxit Pseudulus?
Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 95: iste, qui meret HS. vicenos, Varr. ap. Non. 4, 296: non amplius duodecim aeris, Cic. [p. 1136] Rosc. Com. 10, 28:ne minus gratiae praecipiendo recta quam offensae reprendendo prava mereamur,
Quint. 4, 2, 39:nomen patronorum,
id. 6, 4, 5:indulgentiam, principis ingenio,
Tac. Dial. 9 fin.:nomen gloriamque merere,
id. H. 2, 37:famam,
id. ib. 2, 31; id. A. 15, 6:ancillā natus diadema Quirini meruit,
Juv. 8, 260:odium,
Caes. B. G. 6, 5, 3:quantum quisque uno die mereret,
Suet. Calig. 40 fin.:aera,
Hor. A. P. 345. —With ut (rare): quem ego ut non excruciem, alterum tantum auri non meream, would not give up torturing him for, etc., Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 65: neque ille sibi mereat Persarum montes... ut istuc faciat, would not do it for, etc., id. Stich. 1, 1, 24.—To get by purchase, to buy, purchase:C.uxores, quae vos dote meruerunt,
Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 124:quid arbitramini Rheginos merere velle, ut ab eis marmorea Venus illa auferatur?
what do you think they would take? for what price would they let it be carried away? Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 60, § 135:gloriam,
Plin. Ep. 1, 8, 13:legatum a creditore,
Dig. 35, 2, 21:noxam,
Petr. 139:quid Minyae meruere queri?
to have reason, cause, Val. Fl. 1, 519.—In milit. lang., mereri and merere stipendia, or simply merere (lit., to earn pay), to serve for pay, to serve as a soldier, serve in the army:D.mereri stipendia,
Cic. Cael. 5, 11:meruit stipendia in eo bello,
id. Mur. 5, 12:adulescens patre suo imperatore meruit,
id. ib.:complures annos,
Caes. B. G. 7, 17:triennio sub Hannibale,
Liv. 21, 4 fin.:Romanis in castris,
Tac. A. 2, 10:in Thracia,
Suet. Vesp. 2:merere equo,
to serve on horseback, in the cavalry, Cic. Phil. 1, 8, 20:merere pedibus,
to serve on foot, in the infantry, Liv. 24, 18: mereri aere (al. equo) publico, Varr. ap. Non. 345, 2.—Mereri (ante-class., merere) de aliquo, or de aliquā re, to deserve or merit any thing of one, to behave in any manner towards one, in a good or bad sense (in Plaut. also with erga):1.te ego, ut digna es, perdam, atque ut de me meres,
Plaut. As. 1, 2, 22:ut erga me est merita,
id. Am. 5, 1, 49:nam de te neque re neque verbis merui, ut faceres quod facis,
id. Aul. 2, 2, 45: saepe (erga me;sc. illam) meritam quod vellem scio,
that she has often treated me as I desired, Ter. Hec. 3, 5, 37.—Esp.: bene, male, optime, etc., mereri, to deserve well, ill, etc.:de mendico male meretur, qui ei dat, etc.,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 58:de re publicā bene mereri,
Cic. Fam. 10, 5, 2:de populi Romani nomine,
id. Brut. 73, 254:melius de quibusdam acerbos inimicos mereri, quam eos amicos, qui dulces videantur,
id. Lael. 24, 90:de re publica meruisse optime,
id. Att. 10, 4, 5:perniciosius de re publicā merentur vitiosi principes,
id. Leg. 3, 14, 32:stet haec urbs praeclara, quoquo modo merita de me erit,
id. Mil. 34, 93:Paulus, qui nihil meruit,
i. e. was innocent, Lact. 2, 16, 17:ita se omni tempore de populo Romano meritos esse, ut,
Caes. B. G. 1, 11:Caesarem imperatorem bene de republicā meritum,
deserving well, id. B. C. 1, 13:optime cum de se meritum judicabat,
id. ib. 3, 99:milites mirifice de re publicā meriti,
Cic. Fam. 12, 12, 3:homines de me divinitus meriti,
id. Red. in Sen. 12, 30; cf.:te ego ut digna's perdam atque ut de me meres,
Plaut. As. 1, 2, 22.— Hence,mĕrens, entis, P. a., that deserves or merits any thing; in a good sense, deserving; in a bad sense, guilty; that has rendered himself deserving towards any one or of any thing; with de, rarely with dat.; esp. with bene, well-deserving (mostly poet. and post-class.):2.consul laudare, increpare merentes,
Sall. J. 100:laurea decreta merenti,
Ov. P. 2, 2, 91: quem periisse, ita de re publicā merentem, doleo, Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 344, 23; so Inscr. Grut. 933, 5.— With dat.:quando tu me bene merentem tibi habes despicatui,
Plaut. Men. 4, 3, 19.— In sup.: HOMINI BENE MERENTISSIMO, Inscr. Rein. cl. 16, 8; Inscr. Grut. 932, 7; ib. 1129, 3.—mĕrĭtus, a, um, P. a.a. b.Pass., deserved, due, fit, just, proper, right:3.ignarus, laus an poena merita esset,
Liv. 8, 7:triumphus,
id. 39, 4, 6:iracundiam, neque eam injustam, sed meritam ac debitam fuisse,
just, Cic. de Or. 2, 50, 203:mors,
Verg. A 4, 696: noxia, committed, perpetrated, Plaut. Trin. 1, 1, 1: meritis de causis, for merited, i. e. just reasons, Dig. 48, 20.— Sup.:famā optimā et meritissimā frui,
Plin. Ep. 5, 15.—Hence,mĕrĭtum, i, n.a.That which one deserves, desert; in a good sense, reward, recompense; in a bad sense, punishment (only ante- and postclass.):b.nihil suave meritum est,
Ter. Phorm. 2, 1, 75:specta denique, quale caelesti providentia meritum reportaverit,
reward, punishment, App. M. 8, p. 214:delictorum,
Tert. Apol. 21.—That by which one deserves any thing of another, a merit; esp. in a good sense, a service, kindness, benefit, favor (class.):B.propter eorum (militum) divinum atque immortale meritum,
Cic. Phil. 3, 6, 14:pro singulari eorum merito,
id. Cat. 3, 6, 15:magnitudo tuorum erga me meritorum,
id. Fam. 1, 1, 1:et hercule merito tuo feci,
according to your merits, as you deserved, id. Att. 5, 11, 6:pro ingentibus meritis praemia acceperant,
Tac. A. 14, 53:recordatio ingentium meritorum,
Liv. 39, 49, 11; Curt. 8, 3, 14; Suet. Ner. 3; Sen. Ben. 3, 8, 2.—In Plaut. also in the sup.:meritissimo ejus, quae volet faciemus,
on account of his great merit, Plaut. As. 3, 3, 147:merita dare et recipere,
Cic. Lael. 8, 26:magna ejus sunt in me non dico officia, sed merita,
id. Fam. 11, 17, 1.—Also demerit, blame, fault:Caesar, qui a me nullo meo merito alienus esse debebat,
without any fault of mine, id. Sest. 17, 39:nullo meo in se merito,
although I am guilty of no offence against him, Liv. 40, 15:leniter, ex merito quicquid patiare, ferendum est,
Ov. H. 5, 7:ex cujusque merito scio me fecisse,
Liv. 26, 31, 9:quosdam punivit, alios praemiis adfecit, neutrum ex merito,
Tac. H. 4, 50; cf.:quod ob meritum nostrum succensuistis?
Liv. 25, 6, 4.—Transf., worth, value, importance of a thing ( poet. and post-class.):4.quo sit merito quaeque notata dies,
Ov. F. 1, 7:negotiorum,
Cod. Just. 8, 5, 2: aedificia majoris meriti, of greater value, Cod. Th. 15, 1, 30:loci,
Mart. 8, 65, 7:primi saporis mella thymi sucus effundit, secundi meriti thymbra, tertii meriti rosmarinus,
Pall. 1, 37, 3.—mĕrĭtō, adv., according to desert, deservedly, justly, often connected with jure (class.):b.quamquam merito sum iratus Metello,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 68, § 158:merito ac jure laudantur,
id. Cat. 3, 6, 14; cf.:te ipse jure optimo, merito incuses, licet,
Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 23:recte ac merito commovebamur,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 67, § 172:merito jam suspectus,
Juv. 3, 221; 10, 208. — Sup.: meritissimo te magni facio, Turp. ap. Non. 139, 17; Caecil. ib. 18:me deridere meritissumo,
Plaut. Ep. 3, 3, 49; Cic. de Or. 1, 55, 234; S. C. ap. Plin. Ep. 8, 6, 6; ap. Flor. 1, 9.—Post-class.: meritissime, Sol. 7, 18.—In partic.: libens (lubens) merito, a form of expression used in paying vows; v. libens, under libet.
См. также в других словарях:
minimum — [ minimɔm ] n. m. et adj. • déb. XVIIIe; mot lat. « le plus petit » I ♦ N. m. 1 ♦ Math. Valeur d une fonction inférieure à celles qui la précèdent ou la suivent immédiatement (opposé à maximum).⇒ extremum. Minimum minimorum : le plus petit des… … Encyclopédie Universelle
minimum — MÍNIMUM s.n., adv. 1. s.n. Punct, limită, fază reprezentând extrema inferioară. 2. s.n. Cea mai mică cantitate, valoare, intensitate; minim1. 3. adv. În cantitatea, timpul, spaţiul minim2; cel puţin..., pe puţin...; măcar. – Din lat., fr. minimum … Dicționar Român
minimum — I {{/stl 13}}{{stl 8}}rz. n V, lm M. minimumma {{/stl 8}}{{stl 7}} najmniejsza możliwa do osiągnięcia wartość czegoś, najmniejsza ilość; najmniejsza wystarczająca, nieodzowna, wymagana do czegoś ilość, wielkość : {{/stl 7}}{{stl 10}}Ograniczyć… … Langenscheidt Polski wyjaśnień
minimum — I noun bit, dash, drop, fragment, ioi:a, jot, least amount, least part, least quantity, lowest quantity, minim, modicum, morsel, mote, pars minima, particle, piece, quorum, scantling, scintilla, shade, sliver, small amount, small quantity,… … Law dictionary
Minimum — Sn erw. fremd. Erkennbar fremd (18. Jh.) Entlehnung. Entlehnt aus l. minimum das Geringste , Substantivierung des Superlativs l. minimus der Kleinste (minus). Adjektiv: minimal. Ebenso ne. minimum, nfrz. minimum, nschw. minimum, nnorw. minimum … Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen sprache
minimum — / minimum/ s.m. [dal lat. minĭmum, neutro sost. di minĭmus ]. [livello o numero più basso: il m. dei voti per l elezione a deputato ] ▶◀ minimo. ◀▶ massimo, maximum … Enciclopedia Italiana
minimum — mìnimum m DEFINICIJA 1. najmanja količina, veličina, mjera itd. [svesti na minimum učiniti da ostane najmanja moguća količina čega], opr. maksimum 2. mat. najmanja vrijednost, ob. u skupu vrijednosti koje poprima neka funkcija ili općenito u… … Hrvatski jezični portal
Minimum — Min i*mum, n.; pl. {Minima}. [L., fr. minimus. See {Minim}.] The least quantity assignable, admissible, or possible, in a given case; hence, a thing of small consequence; opposed to {maximum}. [1913 Webster] {Minimum thermometer}, a thermometer… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Minimum — »Mindestmaß, wert, preis«: Das Fremdwort wurde im 18. Jh. aus lat. minimum »das Kleinste, Geringste, Wenigste« entlehnt, dem substantivierten Neutrum von lat. minimus »kleinster« (vgl. ↑ minus). – Dazu die nlat. Ableitung minimal »sehr klein,… … Das Herkunftswörterbuch
minimum — [adj] least, lowest least possible, littlest, merest, minimal, slightest, smallest, tiniest; concepts 762,789 Ant. largest, maximum, most minimum [n] lowest amount atom, bottom, dab, depth, dot, gleam, grain, hair, iota, jot, least, lowest,… … New thesaurus
mínimum — sustantivo masculino 1. Uso/registro: restringido. Pragmática: intensificador. Límite o grado inferior al que puede llegar una persona o cosa: Se exige un mínimum de esfuerzo. Sinónimo: mínimo … Diccionario Salamanca de la Lengua Española