-
41 baja
f.1 drop, fall (descenso).redondear el precio a la baja to round the price downel precio del cacao sigue a la baja the price of cocoa is continuing to falltendencia a la baja downward trend2 redundancy (cese) (forzado).darse de baja (de) to resign (from); (dimitir) to drop out (of); (salirse) to unsusomebodyscribe (from) (de subscripción)3 sick leave (por enfermedad) (permiso). (peninsular Spanish)estar/darse de baja to be on/take sick leavebaja por maternidad maternity leave4 loss, casualty (military).bajas civiles civilian casualties5 pasha, Moslem honorary title, Moslem honourary title, pacha.6 doctor's excuse, doctor's line, doctor's note.7 lay off period.8 termination of employment.pres.indicat.3rd person singular (él/ella/ello) present indicative of spanish verb: bajar.* * *1 (descenso) fall, drop2 MILITAR casualty3 (por enfermedad) sick leave; (justificante) medical certificate, doctor's note\dar de baja (a enfermo) to give a sick note to 2 (a socio de club) to expel 3 (a soldado) to declare missingdarse de baja (de un club) to cancel one's membership, leave, drop out 2 (en una suscripción) to cancel one's subscription 3 (por enfermedad) to take sick leaveestar en baja to be dropping, on the way out* * *1. f., (m. - bajo) 2. noun f.1) casualty2) fall, drop, slump3) discharge4) dismissal•- darse de baja
- estar de baja* * *SF1) (=descenso) fall, dropse produjo una baja continuada de las temperaturas — there was a continued fall o drop in temperatures
una baja repentina de los beneficios — a sudden fall o drop in profits
el gobierno anunció una baja de los tipos de interés — the government announced a cut in interest rates
•
a la baja — [evolución, tendencia] downward•
abrir a la baja — (Bolsa) to open down•
cerrar a la baja — (Bolsa) to close downla Bolsa cerró a la baja en el día de ayer — the Stock Exchange closed down o was down at the close of trading yesterday
•
corregir algo a la baja — to adjust sth downwards•
cotizarse a la baja — (Bolsa) to trade low•
estar en baja — to be in declinesu reputación estuvo en baja en los últimos meses — his reputation was on the o in decline over the last few months
la Bolsa está en baja — there is a downward trend in the Stock Exchange, the Stock Exchange is in decline
2) (=cese)[en organización, suscripción, trabajo]el nuevo estilo de la revista ha causado numerosas bajas — the new style of the magazine has led many people to cancel their subscription
•
dar de baja — [+ socio] to expel; [+ abogado, médico] to strike off; [+ militar] to discharge; [+ empleado] to dismiss, fire; [+ empresa, sociedad] to dissolve; [+ coche] to take out of circulation; [+ avión, tren] to decommission; [+ teléfono, luz] to have disconnectedla dieron de baja del club por no pagar la suscripción — her membership of the club was cancelled because she had failed to pay her subscription
•
darse de baja — [de club, institución, partido] to leave; [de revista, periódico] to cancel one's subscriptionnumerosos suscriptores han decidido darse de baja de la revista — many readers have decided to cancel their subscription to the magazine
•
pedir la baja — to hand in one's resignationbaja voluntaria — [por dimisión] voluntary redundancy; [por jubilación] early retirement
3) (=ausencia laboral)•
dar de baja, se le dará de baja a partir del día de la operación — she will be on sick leave from the day of the operation•
estar de baja — to be on sick leave, be off sick•
pedir la baja — to ask for o apply for sick leave4) (Dep) [por descalificación] suspension; [por lesión] injuryel equipo sufrió dos bajas por sendas tarjetas rojas — the team lost two players for red card offences
el partido registró varias bajas en ambos equipos — there were several injuries for both teams during the match
5) Esp (Med) (=certificado) medical certificate, sick note *6) (Mil) (=víctima) casualty* * *1) ( descenso) fall, dropsu popularidad está en baja — his popularity is waning o declining
a la baja: tendencia a la baja downward trend; los que juegan a la baja — those who are selling for a fall, the bears
2)a) (Esp) (Rels Labs) ( permiso) sick leave; ( certificado) medical certificateestá (dado) de baja — he's off sick o on sick leave
b) (Dep)c) (Mil) ( muerte) loss, casualty3)a) ( en entidad)ha habido varias bajas — ( en clase) several students have dropped out o left; ( en asociación) several members have left
darse de baja — ( en club) to cancel one's membership, leave; ( en partido) to resign, leave
lo dieron de baja en el club por no pagar la cuota — they canceled his membership to the club for not paying his fees
causó baja en nuestra empresa — (Esp) he left our employment
b) (Mil) ( cese) dischargec) ( en puesto)el equipo lo dio de baja — the club cut him (AmE), the club released him (BrE)
lo dieron de baja por invalidez — he was dismissed because of illness o on health grounds
•* * *1) ( descenso) fall, dropsu popularidad está en baja — his popularity is waning o declining
a la baja: tendencia a la baja downward trend; los que juegan a la baja — those who are selling for a fall, the bears
2)a) (Esp) (Rels Labs) ( permiso) sick leave; ( certificado) medical certificateestá (dado) de baja — he's off sick o on sick leave
b) (Dep)c) (Mil) ( muerte) loss, casualty3)a) ( en entidad)ha habido varias bajas — ( en clase) several students have dropped out o left; ( en asociación) several members have left
darse de baja — ( en club) to cancel one's membership, leave; ( en partido) to resign, leave
lo dieron de baja en el club por no pagar la cuota — they canceled his membership to the club for not paying his fees
causó baja en nuestra empresa — (Esp) he left our employment
b) (Mil) ( cese) dischargec) ( en puesto)el equipo lo dio de baja — the club cut him (AmE), the club released him (BrE)
lo dieron de baja por invalidez — he was dismissed because of illness o on health grounds
•* * *baja11 = drop, fall.Ex: Perfect recall can only be achieved by a drop in the proportion of relevant documents considered.
Ex: There has been a rapid increase in the number and costs of science, technology and medicine scholarly titles in recent years, and a fall in subscriptions.* a la baja = on the wane.* estar a la baja = be down.* ir a la baja = be down.* Nombre + a la baja = Nombre + down.baja22 = leave.Ex: The induction course will give all the necessary employment details relating to such matters as the amount of leave entitlement, insurance stoppages, what to do in case of sickness, etc..
* baja maternal = maternity leave, maternal leave.* baja paternal = paternal leave.* baja por enfermedad = sick leave, sickness leave.* baja por maternidad = maternity leave, parental leave, maternal leave.* baja por paternidad = paternal leave.* baja temporal = temporary leave.* dar de baja = take out of + circulation.* estar de baja = be off work.* estar de baja por enfermedad = be off work sick.baja33 = termination.Ex: No area of library operations would be unaffected -- from the selection of materials to the hiring and termination of personnel.
* dado de baja = written-off.* darse de baja de una suscripción = unsubscribe.baja44 = casualty.Ex: Unfortunately, there are indications that the use of rubber stamps in libraries may be among the first casualties of the information revolution.
* baja de guerra = war casualty.* baja en combate = combat casualty.* * *A (descenso) fall, dropuna baja en el número de inscripciones a fall o drop in the number of enrollmentssu popularidad está en baja his popularity is waning o declining o on the wanehubo una baja de tensión ( RPl); there was a drop in voltagea la baja: el precio del crudo sigue a la baja the price of crude oil continues to fallcontinúa la tendencia a la baja en las cuatro bolsas the downward trend continues o stocks continue to fall on all four exchangeslos que jugaban a la baja those who were selling for a fall, the bearsB1el equipo tiene varias bajas the team is without several of its usual playerslos rebeldes tuvieron trece bajas the rebels lost thirteen menregistraron varias bajas they suffered several casualties o the loss of several mendebe presentar la baja you must produce your medical certificateestá (dado) de baja desde hace dos meses he's been off sick o on sick leave for two monthsCompuesto:maternity leaveC1(en un club, una organización): ha habido or se han registrado or se han producido varias bajas (en una clase) several students have dropped out o left; (en una asociación) several members have leftlo dieron de baja en el club por no pagar la cuota they canceled his membership of the club o threw him out of the club for not paying his subscriptiondarse de baja (en un club) to cancel one's membership, leave; (en un partido) to resign, leave; (en el consulado) to have one's name removed from the register; (de un sitio web) to unsubscribepidió la baja en el ejército he applied for a discharge o to be discharged from the armyfue dado de baja he was discharged3(en un puesto): la empresa lo dio de baja the company dismissed him, the company cut him ( AmE), the company sacked him ( BrE)lo dieron de baja por invalidez he was dismissed because of illness o on health groundsdurante los tres meses posteriores a la fecha de la baja in the three months following termination of employmentcausó baja en nuestra organización en mayo de 2008 ( Esp); he left our employment o ( frml) employ in May 2008Compuestos:voluntary redundancy ( with incentive payment)reducir la plantilla mediante bajas vegetativas to reduce the workforce by attrition ( AmE) o ( BrE) natural wastagevoluntary redundancy* * *
Del verbo bajar: ( conjugate bajar)
baja es:
3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) presente indicativo2ª persona singular (tú) imperativo
Multiple Entries:
baja
bajar
baja sustantivo femenino
1 ( descenso) fall, drop;◊ una baja en los precios a fall o drop in prices;
la baja de las tasas de interés the cut in interest rates;
tendencia a la baja downward trend
2
( certificado) medical certificate;◊ está (dado) de baja he's off sick o on sick leave;
baja por maternidad (Esp) maternity leaveb) (Dep):
3 ( en entidad):
( en partido) to resign, leave;
(Mil) ( cese) discharge;
bajar ( conjugate bajar) verbo intransitivo
1
( acercándose) to come down;◊ baja por las escaleras to go/come down the stairs;
ya bajo I'll be right down
‹ de coche› to get out of sth;
‹de caballo/bicicleta› to get off sth
2
[ hinchazón] to go down;
[ temperatura] to fall, drop
[ calidad] to deteriorate;
[ popularidad] to diminish;
verbo transitivo
1 ‹escalera/cuesta› to go down
2 ‹brazo/mano› to put down, lower
3a) baja algo (de algo) ‹de armario/estante› to get sth down (from sth);
‹ del piso de arriba› ( traer) to bring sth down (from sth);
( llevar) to take sth down (to sth)
4
‹ ventanilla› to open
5 ‹ precio› to lower;
‹ fiebre› to bring down;
‹ volumen› to turn down;
‹ voz› to lower
bajarse verbo pronominal
1 ( apearse) bajase de algo ‹de tren/autobús› to get off sth;
‹ de coche› to get out of sth;
‹de caballo/bicicleta› to get off sth;
‹de pared/árbol› to get down off sth
2 ‹ pantalones› to take down;
‹ falda› to pull down
bajo,-a
I adjetivo
1 low
2 (de poca estatura) short: es muy bajo para jugar al baloncesto, he's a bit too short to play basketball
3 (poco intenso) faint, soft: en este local la música está baja, the music isn't very loud here
4 (escaso) poor: su nivel es muy bajo, his level is very low
este queso es bajo en calorías, this cheese is low in calories
5 Mús low
6 fig (mezquino, vil, ruin) base, despicable: tiene muy bajos instintos, he's absolutely contemptible
bajos fondos, the underworld
la clase baja, the lower class
II adverbio low: habla bajo, por favor, please speak quietly
por lo b., (a sus espaldas, disimuladamente) on the sly: con Pedro es muy amable, pero por lo bajo echa pestes de él, she's very nice to Pedro, but she's always slagging him off behind his back
(como mínimo) at least: ese libro cuesta cinco mil pesetas tirando por lo bajo, that book costs at least five thousand pesetas
III sustantivo masculino
1 Mús (instrumento, cantante, instrumentista) bass
2 (de un edificio) ground floor
3 (de una prenda) hem
IV mpl Mec underneath: las piedras del camino le rozaron los bajos del coche, we scratched the bottom of the car against the stones on the road
V preposición
1 (lugar) under, underneath
bajo techo, under shelter
bajo tierra, underground
bajo la tormenta, in the storm
2 Pol Hist under
bajo la dictadura, under the dictatorship 3 bajo cero, (temperatura) below zero
4 Jur under
bajo fianza, on bail
bajo juramento, under oath
bajo multa de cien mil pesetas, subject to a fine of one hundred thousand pesetas
bajo ningún concepto, under no circumstances
firmó la declaración bajo presión, she signed the declaration under pressure
La traducción más común del adjetivo es low. Sin embargo, recuerda que cuando quieres describir a una persona debes usar la palabra short: Es muy bajo para su edad. He's very short for his age.
baja sustantivo femenino
1 (informe médico) sick note
baja por enfermedad, sick leave
baja por maternidad, maternity leave
2 (descenso) drop, fall
3 Mil (víctima, herido) casualty: nuestro ejército no ha sufrido bajas, we haven't suffered any casualties
♦ Locuciones: coger la baja, (por enfermedad) to take sick leave
darse de baja, (de una asociación, una actividad) to resign [de, from], drop out [de, of]
estar de baja, (por enfermedad) to be off sick
Fin jugar a la baja, to operate for a fall
bajar
I verbo transitivo
1 (descender) to come o go down: bajé corriendo la cuesta, I ran downhill ➣ Ver nota en ir 2 (llevar algo abajo) to bring o get o take down: baja los disfraces del trastero, bring the costumes down from the attic
3 (un telón) to lower
(una persiana) to let down
(la cabeza) to bow o lower
4 (reducir el volumen) to turn down
(la voz) to lower
5 (los precios, etc) to reduce, cut
6 (ropa, dobladillo) tengo que bajar el vestido, I've got to let the hem down
7 Mús tienes que bajar un tono, you've got to go down a tone
II verbo intransitivo
1 to go o come down: bajamos al bar, we went down to the bar
2 (apearse de un tren, un autobús) to get off
(de un coche) to get out [de, of]: tienes que bajarte en la siguiente parada, you've got to get off at the next stop
3 (disminuir la temperatura, los precios) to fall, drop: ha bajado su cotización en la bolsa, its share prices have dropped in the stock exchange
' baja' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
bajar
- bajinis
- bajo
- borrarse
- cabeza
- cámara
- despacio
- estar
- estofa
- forma
- fresca
- fresco
- grosera
- grosero
- jugar
- marea
- media
- medio
- planta
- riñón
- telebasura
- temblor
- temporada
- tensión
- tintorro
- voz
- clase
- fondo
- incapacidad
- petiso
- renacuajo
- roto
English:
alternate
- attrition rate
- breath
- breathe
- casualty
- discharge
- downstairs
- downturn
- downward
- downwards
- fall behind
- floor
- form
- ground floor
- house
- low-calorie
- lower
- lower-class
- off
- off-peak
- quietly
- season
- shoddiness
- sick
- sick-leave
- simmer
- slide
- undertone
- voice
- whisper
- work
- down
- drop
- go
- ground
- hushed
- low
- red
- slump
- small
- sweep
- tide
- under
- voluntary
- water
- way
* * *baja nf1. [descenso] drop, fall;una baja en las temperaturas a drop in temperature;no se descarta una baja en los tipos de interés a cut in interest rates isn't being ruled out;redondear el precio a la baja to round the price down;el precio del cacao sigue a la baja the price of cocoa is continuing to fall, the slump in the price of cocoa is continuing;la bolsa de Madrid sigue a la baja share prices on the Madrid stock exchange are continuing to fall;tendencia a la baja downward trend;las eléctricas cotizaron ayer a la baja share prices for the electricity companies fell yesterday;Finjugar a la baja to bear the market2. [cese] lay-off, Br redundancy;la empresa ha sufrido bajas entre sus directivos [voluntarias] a number of managers have left the firm;la pérdida de las elecciones provocó cientos de bajas en el partido the election defeat caused hundreds of people to leave the party;dar de baja a alguien [en una empresa] to lay sb off;[en un club, sindicato] to expel sb;darse de baja (de) [dimitir] to resign (from);[salirse] to drop out (of);pedir la baja [de un club, organización] to ask to leave;[del ejército] to apply for a discharge baja incentivada voluntary lay-off o Br redundancy;baja por jubilación retirement;baja retribuida paid leave;baja no retribuida unpaid leave;baja con sueldo paid leave;baja sin sueldo unpaid leave[documento] sick note, doctor's certificate;estar/darse de baja to be on/take sick leavebaja por enfermedad sick leave;baja por maternidad maternity leave;baja por paternidad paternity leave4. Mil loss, casualty;se registraron numerosas bajas en el combate they suffered heavy casualties in the battle, a number of people were lost in the battle[por sanción] suspended player;al no haberse recuperado todavía, el brasileño causa o [m5] es baja para el próximo encuentro as he still hasn't recovered from injury, the Brazilian is out of the next game;acudieron a la final con varias bajas importantes they went into the final with a number of important players missing* * *f1 descenso fall, drop;jugar a la baja FIN gamble on a bear market2 persona casualty;:causar baja resign, leave;dar de baja dismiss;darse de baja resign, leave ( por because of);estar de baja (por enfermedad) be off sick, be on sick leave* * *baja nf1) descenso: fall, drop2) : slump, recession3) : loss, casualty4)dar de baja : to discharge, to dismiss5)darse de baja : to withdraw, to drop out* * *baja n1. (disminución) fall / drop4. (documento) sick note / doctor's notedar de baja a alguien (en el trabajo) to give someone sick leave (en un club etc) to cancel someone's membershipestar de baja to be off sick / to be on sick leave -
42 wastage
noun1) (loss by wear etc.) Schwund, der2)[natural] wastage — (Admin.) ≈ natürliche Fluktuation
* * *[-ti‹]noun (loss by wasting; the amount wasted: Of the total amount, roughly 20% was wastage.) der Verlust* * *wast·age[ˈweɪstɪʤ]n no plthere is a lot of \wastage of material using this pattern man hat ziemlich viel Verschnitt, wenn man dieses Schnittmuster verwendet* * *['weIstɪdZ]nSchwund m; (= action) Verschwendung f; (= amount also) Materialverlust m; (from container also) Verlust m; (unusable products etc also) Abfall ma wastage rate of 10% — eine Verlustquote von 10%
See:→ natural wastage* * *wastage [ˈweıstıdʒ] s1. Schwund m:natural wastage WIRTSCH natürliche Fluktuation2. Verschwendung f, -geudung f:wastage of energy Energieverschwendung* * *noun1) (loss by wear etc.) Schwund, der2)[natural] wastage — (Admin.) ≈ natürliche Fluktuation
* * *n.Abnutzung f.Verbrauch m.Verlust -¨e m. -
43 price
1. noun1) (the amount of money for which a thing is or can be bought or sold; the cost: The price of the book was $10.) pris2) (what one must give up or suffer in order to gain something: Loss of freedom is often the price of success.) pris2. verb1) (to mark a price on: I haven't priced these articles yet.) prissætte2) (to find out the price of: He went into the furniture shop to price the beds.) se prisen på•- pricey
- at a price
- beyond/without price* * *1. noun1) (the amount of money for which a thing is or can be bought or sold; the cost: The price of the book was $10.) pris2) (what one must give up or suffer in order to gain something: Loss of freedom is often the price of success.) pris2. verb1) (to mark a price on: I haven't priced these articles yet.) prissætte2) (to find out the price of: He went into the furniture shop to price the beds.) se prisen på•- pricey
- at a price
- beyond/without price -
44 wastage
['weɪstɪdʒ]n( amount wasted) straty pl; ( loss) ( in manufacturing etc) marnotrawstwo nt, marnowanie nt* * *[-ti‹]noun (loss by wasting; the amount wasted: Of the total amount, roughly 20% was wastage.) strata -
45 iki
"two. -dir for the second time. -miz the two of us. -miz de both of us. -si the two (of them). -si de both (of them). - ahbap çavuşlar colloq. inseparable friends, great pals. -si arası 1. neither one nor the other, a combination of the two. 2. (someone, something) who/which is a mixture of the two. - arada bir derede somehow or other. - arada bir derede kalmak to be in a tight situation. - arada kalmak to be at a loss as to whom to believe; not to know whom to support. - ateş arasında kalmak to be caught between two fires. - atomlu chem. diatomic. - ayağını bir pabuca sokmak/koymak /ın/ to pressure (someone), put pressure on (someone) (to finish something immediately). - baştan olmak (for something) to be possible only if both sides are in agreement about it. -de bir/birde very frequently, all the time, constantly, continually, every whipstitch. -si bir kapıya çıkar. colloq. They both amount to the same thing. -si bir kazanda kaynamamak not to get along together. -sini bir kazana koysalar kaynamazlar. colloq. It´s impossible for them to get along with each other. - boyutlu two-dimensional. - buçukluk (a) two-and-a-half lira coin. - büklüm bent double, very stooped. - cambaz bir ipte oynamaz. proverb If two cheats try to work together, they end up cheating each other. - cami arasında kalmış beynamaz/binamaz (someone) who doesn´t know which alternative to choose, (someone) who doesn´t know which of two choices to make. - cihanda in this world and the next. - çıplak bir hamama yakışır. proverb Don´t think about marrying if you haven´t got a penny to your name. - çift laf/söz a word or two, a few words. - çifte kayık/- çifteli rowboat with two pairs of oars. - değerlikli chem. bivalent (element). - dinle (bin işit) bir söyle. proverb Listen before you talk. - dirhem bir çekirdek dressed up fit to kill, dressed up to the nines, all dolled up. - dünya this world and the world to come. - eli böğründe kalmak to be at a loss as to what to do; to feel helpless. - eli (kızıl) kanda olsa no matter what he´s/she´s doing, no matter what, no matter how tied up he/she is. - eli şakaklarında düşünmek to brood, be deep in thought. - eli yakasında olmak /ın/ to intend to settle accounts (with another) on Judgment Day. - elim yanıma gelecek. colloq. I swear I´m telling the truth!/Cross my heart! - evli bigamous. - geçeli in two rows facing each other. - gönül bir olursa/olunca samanlık seyran olur. proverb If two people are really in love they can make do with a bare minimum of worldly goods. - gözüm my dear; my dear friend; my dear lady; my dear fellow. - gözle görme/- göze değgin görme binocular vision. - gözü iki çeşme crying one´s eyes out, crying one´s heart out. - gözüm kör olsun! I swear to God! - gözüm önüme aksın! I swear to God! - günde bir every other day. - hörgüçlü deve Bactrian camel, two-humped camel. - karpuz bir koltuğa sığmaz. proverb You can´t do two things at once. - kat 1. doubled, folded. 2. bent double, very stooped. - katı /ın/ double the amount of. - katlı 1. two-storied. 2. two-layered. - kat olmak to be bent double, become very stooped. - kere twice. - kere iki dört eder gibi as sure as two and two is four. - misli twofold, twice as much. - namlulu double-barreled. - nokta colon (punctuation mark). -si ortası/-sinin ortası 1. (someone, something) which is a blend of the two. 2. a blend of the two. 3. middle ground, middle of the road; middle way, middle path. - paralık etmek /ı/ to ruin (someone´s) reputation, discredit (someone) thoroughly. - paralık olmak (for someone´s reputation) to be ruined, (for someone) to be thoroughly discredited. - rahmetten biri. colloq. If he can´t get well I hope death will put an end to his sufferings. - satır konuşmak/dertleşmek to have a brief chat. - seksen uzanmak slang 1. to be tickled pink. 2. to be flattened (by a fisticuff). 3. to loll. - sözü/lafı/lakırdıyı bir araya getirememek to be unable to express ones -
46 register
['re‹istə] 1. noun((a book containing) a written list, record etc: a school attendance register; a register of births, marriages and deaths.) fortegnelse; -fortegnelse2. verb1) (to write or cause to be written in a register: to register the birth of a baby.) registrere2) (to write one's name, or have one's name written, in a register etc: They arrived on Friday and registered at the Hilton Hotel.) indskrive sig3) (to insure (a parcel, letter etc) against loss in the post.) sende anbefalet4) ((of an instrument, dial etc) to show (a figure, amount etc): The thermometer registered 25°C.) vise•- registrar
- registry
- register office / registry office
- registration number* * *['re‹istə] 1. noun((a book containing) a written list, record etc: a school attendance register; a register of births, marriages and deaths.) fortegnelse; -fortegnelse2. verb1) (to write or cause to be written in a register: to register the birth of a baby.) registrere2) (to write one's name, or have one's name written, in a register etc: They arrived on Friday and registered at the Hilton Hotel.) indskrive sig3) (to insure (a parcel, letter etc) against loss in the post.) sende anbefalet4) ((of an instrument, dial etc) to show (a figure, amount etc): The thermometer registered 25°C.) vise•- registrar
- registry
- register office / registry office
- registration number -
47 итоговая сумма
1. sum totalпромежуточная сумма; промежуточный итог — intermediate total
игра с накопленной суммой; ненулевая игра — general sum game
сумма произведений; дизъюнкция конъюнкций — sum of products
итоговый счетчик; счетчик контрольной суммы — total counter
2. final total3. major total4. total5. total of the sum -
48 register
I ['redʒɪstə(r)]1) registro m. (anche amm. comm.); scol. registro m. delle assenzeto take the register — scol. prendere le presenze
register of births, marriages and deaths — registro di stato civile, anagrafe
2) mus. ling. inform. registro m.3) AE (till) registratore m. di cassaII 1. ['redʒɪstə(r)]1) (declare officially) dichiarare, registrare, denunciare [birth, death, marriage]; registrare [ vehicle]; consegnare al check-in [ luggage]; depositare [trademark, patent, complaint]; fare registrare [ company]2) [ official] iscrivere, immatricolare [ student]; registrare [name, birth, death, company]; immatricolare [ vehicle]3) (show) [ instrument] indicare [speed, temperature]; [ person] esprimere [anger, disapproval]the earthquake registered six on the Richter scale — il terremoto era del sesto grado della scala Richter
5) (record) registrare [loss, gain]2.1) (to vote, for course, school) iscriversi; (at hotel) registrarsi a; (with police, for taxes) farsi recensire ( for per); (for shares) intestare ( for a)to register for voting, for a course — iscriversi nelle liste elettorali, a un corso
2) (be shown) [speed, temperature, earthquake] essere registrato3) (mentally)* * *['re‹istə] 1. noun((a book containing) a written list, record etc: a school attendance register; a register of births, marriages and deaths.) registro2. verb1) (to write or cause to be written in a register: to register the birth of a baby.) registrare2) (to write one's name, or have one's name written, in a register etc: They arrived on Friday and registered at the Hilton Hotel.) registrarsi; iscriversi3) (to insure (a parcel, letter etc) against loss in the post.) raccomandare4) ((of an instrument, dial etc) to show (a figure, amount etc): The thermometer registered 25°C.) indicare•- registrar
- registry
- register office / registry office
- registration number* * *I ['redʒɪstə(r)]1) registro m. (anche amm. comm.); scol. registro m. delle assenzeto take the register — scol. prendere le presenze
register of births, marriages and deaths — registro di stato civile, anagrafe
2) mus. ling. inform. registro m.3) AE (till) registratore m. di cassaII 1. ['redʒɪstə(r)]1) (declare officially) dichiarare, registrare, denunciare [birth, death, marriage]; registrare [ vehicle]; consegnare al check-in [ luggage]; depositare [trademark, patent, complaint]; fare registrare [ company]2) [ official] iscrivere, immatricolare [ student]; registrare [name, birth, death, company]; immatricolare [ vehicle]3) (show) [ instrument] indicare [speed, temperature]; [ person] esprimere [anger, disapproval]the earthquake registered six on the Richter scale — il terremoto era del sesto grado della scala Richter
5) (record) registrare [loss, gain]2.1) (to vote, for course, school) iscriversi; (at hotel) registrarsi a; (with police, for taxes) farsi recensire ( for per); (for shares) intestare ( for a)to register for voting, for a course — iscriversi nelle liste elettorali, a un corso
2) (be shown) [speed, temperature, earthquake] essere registrato3) (mentally) -
49 toll
I noun2) (damage etc. incurred) Aufwand, derII 1. transitive verbläuten; [Turmuhr:] schlagen [Stunde]2. intransitive verb* * *I [təul] verb II [təul] noun1) (a tax charged for crossing a bridge, driving on certain roads etc: All cars pay a toll of $1; ( also adjective) a toll bridge.) die Maut; Maut-...2) (an amount of loss or damage suffered, eg as a result of disaster: Every year there is a heavy toll of human lives on the roads.) der Blutzoll•- academic.ru/113173/toll-free_number">toll-free number* * *toll1[təʊl, AM toʊl]nmalaria exacts a heavy \toll of illness and death in this region Malaria fordert viele Krankheits- und Todesfälle in dieser Regioncasualty \toll Opferzahl fto take its [or a] \toll [on sb/sth] seinen/ihren Tribut [von jdm/etw] forderntoll2[təʊl, AM toʊl]I. vtto \toll a bell eine Glocke läutento \toll midnight/the hour bell Mitternacht einläuten/die Stunde läuten▶ to \toll the knell das Ende bedeuten* * *I [təʊl]1. viläuten2. vtbell läuten3. nLäuten nt; (= single stroke) Glockenschlag m IIntoll charge — Maut f, Mautgebühr f
2)(= deaths, loss etc)
the toll on the roads — die Zahl der Verkehrsopferthe toll of the floods continues to rise (in terms of people) — die Zahl der Opfer der Flutkatastrophe steigt ständig weiter; (in terms of property) das Ausmaß der Flutschäden wird immer größer
the earthquake took a heavy toll of human life —
the toll of the war — der Blutzoll des Krieges
* * *toll1 [təʊl] s1. HIST Zoll(gebühr) m(f), besonders Wege-, Brückenzoll m2. Straßenbenutzungsgebühr f, Maut f3. Standgeld n (auf einem Markt etc)4. US Hafengebühr f5. Br HIST Recht des Lehnsherrn, Abgaben zu erheben6. TEL US Gebühr f für ein Ferngesprächthe toll of the road die (Zahl der) Verkehrsopfer;take a toll of 100 lives 100 Todesopfer fordern (Katastrophe etc);take its toll of fig jemanden arg mitnehmen, seinen Tribut von jemandem od einer Sache fordern, jemandes Kräfte, Vorräte etc stark beanspruchen oder strapazieren, nicht spurlos vorübergehen an (dat)toll2 [təʊl]A v/t1. eine (besonders Toten)Glocke läuten, erschallen lassen2. die Stunde schlagen3. (durch Glockengeläut) verkünden, die Totenglocke für jemanden läutenB v/i1. läuten, schallen2. schlagen (Glocke, Uhr)C s1. (feierliches) Geläut2. Glockenschlag m* * *I noun2) (damage etc. incurred) Aufwand, derII 1. transitive verbtake or exact a /its toll of something — einen Tribut an etwas (Dat.) fordern (fig.)
läuten; [Turmuhr:] schlagen [Stunde]2. intransitive verb* * *n.Gebühr -en f. -
50 price
1. noun1) (the amount of money for which a thing is or can be bought or sold; the cost: The price of the book was $10.) precio2) (what one must give up or suffer in order to gain something: Loss of freedom is often the price of success.) precio
2. verb1) (to mark a price on: I haven't priced these articles yet.) poner/marcar el precio (de)2) (to find out the price of: He went into the furniture shop to price the beds.) informarse del precio (de)•- pricey
- at a price
- beyond/without price
price n preciowhat is the price of this car? ¿qué precio tiene este coche?tr[praɪs]■ what's the price of this jacket? ¿qué precio tiene esta chaqueta?2 figurative use (cost, sacrifice) precio\SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALLat a price a un precio caroat any price a toda costa, cueste lo que cueste, a cualquier precionot at any price por nada del mundoto go down in price bajar de precioto go up in price subir de precioto pay a high price for something pagar algo muy caro,-ato price oneself out of the market perder clientes por poner precios muy altosprice control control nombre masculino de preciosprice list lista de preciosprice reduction descuento, rebajaprice tag etiquetaset price precio fijoprice n: precio mpeace at any price: la paz a toda costan.• costa s.f.• coste s.m.• costo s.m.• cotización s.f.• curso s.m.• importe s.m.• precio s.m.v.• fijar el precio de v.• tarifar v.• tasar v.• valorar v.
I praɪs1) (Busn, Fin) precio m; ( of stocks) cotización f, precio mthey're the same price — valen or cuestan lo mismo
at a price of £80 — por 80 libras
accommodation is available, at o for a price — es posible encontrar alojamiento, pero sale or cuesta caro
to go up/down in price — subir/bajar de precio
I'll take the job, if the price is right — aceptaré el trabajo si (me) pagan bien; (before n)
price list — lista f de precios
price rise — subida f or (RPl tb) suba f de precios
2) (cost, sacrifice) precio mthey want peace at any price — quieren la paz cueste lo que cueste or a toda costa
not at any price! — de ningún modo!, por nada del mundo!
what price peace? — ¿va a ser posible lograr la paz?
to pay a/the price for something — pagar* caro algo
that's a small price to pay for independence — bien vale la pena ese sacrificio para ser independiente
3) ( value) (liter) precio mit's beyond o without price — no tiene precio, es invalorable
II
a) ( fix price of) (often pass)it was originally priced at over $300 — su precio original era de más de 300 dólares
they have priced themselves out of the market — han subido tanto los precios que se han quedado sin compradores (or clientes etc)
b) ( mark price on) ponerle* el precio a[praɪs]1. N1) (Comm) precio mthat's my price, take it or leave it — eso es lo que pido, o lo tomas o lo dejas
•
you can get it at a price — se puede conseguir, pero pagandoat a reduced price — a (un) precio reducido, con rebaja
•
it is beyond price — no tiene precio•
for a price, he'll do it for a price — él lo hará, pero será caro, lo hará si le paganhe would kill a man for the price of a packet of cigarettes — mataría a un hombre por el precio de una cajetilla de tabaco
two for the price of one — (lit, fig) dos al or por el precio de uno
•
can you give me a price for putting in a new window? — ¿cuánto me cobraría usted por colocar una ventana nueva?•
he got a good price for it — sacó una buena suma por ello•
everyone has their price — todos tenemos un precio•
to name one's price — fijar el precio, decir cuánto se quiere•
to put a price on sth — poner precio a algo•
if the price is right, he is prepared to make a comeback if the price is right — está dispuesto a volver si se le paga bienas long as the price is right, property will sell — si está a un buen precio, la propiedad se vende
closing 2., cut-price, fixed 2., half-price, retail 5.•
what price all his promises now? — iro ¿de qué sirven todas sus promesas ahora?2) (Econ, St Ex) (=quotation) cotización f3) (Betting) (=odds) puntos mpl de ventajawhat price she'll change her mind? — ¿qué apuestas a que cambia de opinión?
what price war? — ¿qué apuestas a que estallará la guerra?
4) (=sacrifice) precio mthat's the price we have to pay for progress, that's the price of progress — es el precio que tenemos que pagar por el progreso
to pay the price (for sth) — cargar con or pagar las consecuencias (de algo)
•
fame comes at a price — la fama se paga carahe's famous now, but at what a price! — ahora es famoso, ¡pero a qué precio! or ¡pero lo ha pagado caro!
they want peace at any price — quieren la paz a toda costa (with negative)
a concert I wasn't going to miss at any price — un concierto que no me iba a perder por nada del mundo
•
that's a small price to pay for independence/for keeping him happy — eso es poco sacrificio a cambio de la independencia/de tenerlo contento2. VT1) (=fix price of)retailers usually price goods by adding 100% to the wholesale price — los minoristas normalmente ponen precio a sus productos añadiendo un cien por cien al precio de coste, los minoristas normalmente cargan un cien por cien al precio de coste de sus productos
tickets, priced £20, are now available — las entradas ya están a la venta a un precio de 20 libras
it was priced too high/low — su precio era demasiado alto/bajo
this stylish fryer, competitively priced at £29.99, can help you create new dishes — por solo £29.99, esta elegante freidora puede ayudarle a crear nuevos platos
•
there is a very reasonably priced menu — hay un menú a un precio muy razonable- price sb out of the marketthe restaurant has priced itself out of the market — el restaurante ha subido demasiado los precios y ha perdido su competitividad en el mercado
you'll price yourself out of a job if you go on demanding so much money — como sigas exigiendo tanto dinero, pondrás en peligro tu trabajo
2) (=label with price)the tins of salmon weren't clearly priced — el precio de la latas de salmón no estaba claro or claramente indicado
•
it was priced at £15 — estaba marcado a un precio de 15 libras3) (=estimate value of) calcular el valor de•
it was priced at £1,000 — estaba valorado en mil libras4) (=find out price of) comprobar el precio de3.CPDprice bracket N —
he's looking for a property in the £70,000 price bracket — está buscando una vivienda que cueste alrededor de las setenta mil libras
that is the normal price bracket for one of his creations — ese es el precio normal de or eso es lo que se paga normalmente por una de sus creaciones
a traditional restaurant in the middle price bracket — un restaurante tradicional con precios de un nivel medio (dentro de la escala)
price control N — control m de precios
price cutting N — reducción f de precios
price-earnings ratio N — (Econ) relación f precio ganancias
price fixing N — fijación f de precios
price freeze N — congelación f de precios
price increase N — subida f de precio
consumer 2.price index N — (Brit) índice m de precios
price inflation N — inflación f de los precios
price level N — nivel m de precios
price limit N — tope m, precio m tope
price list N — lista f de precios
price point N — rango m de precios
no price point exists for the machine yet — todavía no se ha establecido ningún rango de precios para la máquina
price range N —
there are lots of good products in all price ranges — hay gran cantidad de productos de buena calidad en una amplia gama de precios
in the medium or middle price range — dentro de un nivel medio de la escala de precios
the upper/lower end of the price range — el nivel más alto/bajo en la escala de precios
(with)in/out of one's price range — dentro de/fuera de las posibilidades de uno
price rigging N — fijación f fraudulenta de precios
price ring N — cártel m (para la fijación de precios)
price rise N — = price increase
prices and incomes policy N — política f de precios y salarios, política f de precios y rentas
price support N — subsidio m de precios
price tag N — (lit) etiqueta f (del precio); (fig) precio m
it doesn't justify the price tag of £17.5 million — no justifica un precio de 17,5 millones de libras
- price up* * *
I [praɪs]1) (Busn, Fin) precio m; ( of stocks) cotización f, precio mthey're the same price — valen or cuestan lo mismo
at a price of £80 — por 80 libras
accommodation is available, at o for a price — es posible encontrar alojamiento, pero sale or cuesta caro
to go up/down in price — subir/bajar de precio
I'll take the job, if the price is right — aceptaré el trabajo si (me) pagan bien; (before n)
price list — lista f de precios
price rise — subida f or (RPl tb) suba f de precios
2) (cost, sacrifice) precio mthey want peace at any price — quieren la paz cueste lo que cueste or a toda costa
not at any price! — de ningún modo!, por nada del mundo!
what price peace? — ¿va a ser posible lograr la paz?
to pay a/the price for something — pagar* caro algo
that's a small price to pay for independence — bien vale la pena ese sacrificio para ser independiente
3) ( value) (liter) precio mit's beyond o without price — no tiene precio, es invalorable
II
a) ( fix price of) (often pass)it was originally priced at over $300 — su precio original era de más de 300 dólares
they have priced themselves out of the market — han subido tanto los precios que se han quedado sin compradores (or clientes etc)
b) ( mark price on) ponerle* el precio a -
51 reducir
v.1 to reduce.nos han reducido el sueldo our salary has been cutreducir algo a algo to reduce something to somethingreducir algo al absurdo to make a nonsense of somethingElla redujo la velocidad She reduced the speed.2 to suppress, to subdue (someter) (país, ciudad).3 to convert (Mat) (convertir).4 to set (medicine).5 to shorten, to shrink.Ellos redujeron las tablas They shortened the boards.6 to cut down, to depress, to de-escalate, to deescalate.Ellos redujeron los gastos They cut down expenses.7 to conquer, to subdue, to subjugate.Ellos redujeron a los nativos They conquered the natives.8 to hydrogenate.* * *1 (gen) to reduce2 (disminuir) to reduce, cut, cut down on3 (vencer) to subdue4 MEDICINA to set5 (una salsa, etc) to reduce, boil down1 AUTOMÓVIL to change down, change to a lower gear1 (gen) to be reduced; (decrecer) to decrease2 (resultar) to come down (a, to)* * *verb1) to reduce, cut2) decrease3) subdue* * *1. VT1) (=disminuir)a) [en cantidad] [+ gastos, inflación, precio] to reduce, bring down, cut; [+ tensión, ansiedad] to reduce; [+ riesgo] to reduce, lessenmedidas encaminadas a reducir el número de parados — measures designed to reduce o bring down o cut the number of unemployed
han reducido las listas de espera en los hospitales — they have reduced o cut hospital waiting lists
el autobús redujo su velocidad — the bus reduced speed, the bus slowed down
el banco redujo su beneficio un 12% — the bank saw its profits fall by 12%
•
reducir algo en algo — to reduce sth by sth, cut sth by sthtenemos que reducir la producción en un 20% — we have to reduce o cut production by 20%
b) [en tiempo] [+ jornada laboral] to reduce, shorten; [+ sentencia] to reducehan reducido la mili a nueve meses — they have reduced o cut military service to nine months
sus abogados consiguieron reducir la sentencia a dos meses — his lawyers managed to get his sentence reduced to two months
c) [en tamaño] [+ copia] to reduce; [+ discurso, artículo] to cut down, shorten2)•
reducir algo a algo —a) (=limitar) to limit sth to sth; (=simplificar) to reduce sth to sthredujo su intervención a criticar al gobierno — her participation was limited to criticizing the government
b) (=convertir) [+ cantidad, medida] to convert sth into sth; [+ fracción, ecuación] to reduce sth into sth3) (=someter) [+ ladrón, fugitivo, loco] to overpower; [+ alborotadores] to subdue; [+ fortaleza] to subdue, reduce frm•
reducir a algn al silencio — [por la fuerza, por miedo] to silence sb; [por vergüenza, humillación] to reduce sb to silence4) (Med) [+ hueso, hernia] to set, reduce frm5) (Quím) to reduce6) LAm [en el mercado negro] to get rid of *2.VI (Aut) to change down3.See:* * *1.verbo transitivo1)a) <gastos/costos> to cut, reduce; <velocidad/producción/consumo> to reducereducir al mínimo los riesgos — to minimize o to reduce the risks to a minimum
le redujeron la pena — they shortened o reduced his sentence
reducir algo a su mínima expresión — (Mat) to reduce something to its simplest form
b) <fotocopia/fotografía> to reduce2)a) ( transformar)reducir algo A algo: reducir los gramos a milígramos to convert the grams to milligrams; quedaron reducidos a cenizas they were reduced to ashes; mis ilusiones quedaron reducidas a la nada — my dreams came to nothing
b) (Quím) to reducec) (AmS) < objeto robado> to receive, fence (colloq)4) <fractura/hernia> to set, reduce (tech)2.reducir vi1) (Coc) to reduce, boil down2) (Auto) to shift into a lower gear3.reducirse v pronreducirse A algo: todo se reduce a tener tacto it all comes down to being tactful; todo se redujo a un paseo por el río — in the end it was just a walk by the river
* * *= abridge, compress, contract, curtail, erode, gut, narrow, prune, reduce, shorten, stifle, lower, cut back (on), cut, cut down (on), deplete, lessen, pare down, keep down + Nombre, retrench, narrow down, whittle (away/down/at), slim down, slow down, slow up, taper, wind + Nombre + down, cut + Nombre + short, scale back, downgrade [down-grade], shave off, shrink, mark + Nombre + down.Ex. Inevitably any abridgement poses the dilemma how to abridge, that is, what to leave out and what to include.Ex. A library of a million volumes could be compressed into one end of a desk.Ex. In the face of emergencies, breadth of vision tends to contract, narrowing the range of responses.Ex. The imposition of fee-based services may radically curtail the breadth of resources available to library users where historically information has been offered freely.Ex. These arrangements should also erode price differentials between Europe and the US, and permit each country to support its own online services.Ex. Prices of European produced scientific, technical and medical serials continue to gut US research libraries.Ex. Hierarchical relationships must be indicated in order that the users may broaden or narrow the search parameters.Ex. More balanced schedules were achieved by pruning the 31000 subjects enumerated in the fourteenth edition to 4700.Ex. The disadvantage of inversion of words is that inversion or indirect word order reduces predictability of form of headings.Ex. If there are holds on the title, the loan period is shortened to 14 days.Ex. Excessive emphasis on the need to exact payment will stifle the flow of information.Ex. When a forme was in place on the press stone, paper was lowered on to it by means of a tympan and frisket.Ex. But higher education, which expanded between 1959 and 1979 from 164,000 to 519,600 students in full-time higher education, has also been cutting back on purchases.Ex. 'The word's out: all departments have to cut their staffs by 10%' -- Her voice was weak and laden with woe.Ex. Abstracts cut down considerably on legwork in hunting for information.Ex. This intermediate grade would equate with the senior library assistant, a category much depleted in UK academic librarianship.Ex. Two possible solutions are possible: (1) to lessen the frequency of production, or (2) to reduce the amount of detail in the entries.Ex. He said again that we should pare it down to something much more in line with his figures.Ex. Activities such as gardening or cookery are dealt with in many books in ways which go far beyond the simple keeping down of weeds or just filling empty stomachs.Ex. In the face of overpublishing and growing scepticism, this once booming area is now retrenching and broadening its coverage = En vista del exceso de publicaciones y del creciente escepticismo, este área que una vez estuvo en auge ahora ha venido a menos.Ex. By specifying the fields to be searched, the user can narrow down the search in a very convenient way.Ex. However, such idealism is often whittled away over time by bureaucratic problems & organizational demands.Ex. The abundance of book types and titles makes display and merchandising increasingly difficult; some booksellers are dealing with this by slimming down or cutting out certain categories.Ex. However, the flight from DC appears to have slowed down more quickly than was anticipated, and we no longer read of large numbers of libraries making the change.Ex. Since cataloging is the most time consuming part of digitization, it has slowed up the placement of files.Ex. The tube in the two types tapers almost unnoticeably from base to tip.Ex. Not the least of the ironies of this venture is that going ahead with it is as full of hazard as winding it down abruptly.Ex. May I just cut you short, because I've discussed this problem with Peter Jacobs just this week.Ex. He first spotted trouble when she started being short with users and so he solved the problem by scaling back her workload.Ex. The opposite of the 'halo effect' -- downgrading someone you dislike but whose work is good -- is also an error.Ex. You can shave off as much as 50% or even more from your current rate for home insurance in Arizona.Ex. The 'false hit' problem still arises, but becomes less likely as the 'neighborhood' of the two words shrinks.Ex. They have just marked down all summer handbags to 50 percent off.----* que reduce el estrés = stress-reducing.* reducir a cero = reduce to + nil.* reducir a la mitad = halve, cut in + half, halve, reduce by + half.* reducir a la nada = reduce to + nil.* reducir al mínimo = minimise [minimize, -USA], reduce to + a minimum, cut down to + a minimum, keep to + a (bare) minimum, cut to + the bone.* reducir a lo mínimo = cut to + the bone.* reducir a miniatura = miniaturise [miniaturize, -USA].* reducir costes = reduce + costs.* reducir de plantilla = downsize.* reducir de tamaño = reduce in + size.* reducir el esfuerzo = reduce + effort.* reducir el impacto = minimise + impact.* reducir el papeleo = slash + red tape.* reducir el precio = reduce + price, cut + price.* reducir el presupuesto = cut + monies from + budget.* reducir el riesgo = reduce + risk.* reducir el tamaño = reduce + size.* reducir el tiempo = cut down + time.* reducir el valor = reduce + value.* reducir gastos = cut + costs, cut + spending, make + economies, make + cuts, reduce + costs.* reducir gradualmente = scale down.* reducir la burocracia = slash + red tape.* reducir la posibilidad = minimise + possibility.* reducir la probabilidad = reduce + chances.* reducir las diferencias = bridge + the gap, bridge + the divide, bridge + the chasm, bridge + the gulf, close + the gap.* reducir las diferencias entre... y = narrow + the gap between... and.* reducir las distancias = reduce + distance, close + the gap.* reducir las posibilidades de = narrow + the vision of.* reducir los beneficios = cut + profit.* reducir los impuestos = cut + taxes.* reducir pérdidas = cut down + losses, cut + losses.* reducir progresivamente = phase out.* reducirse a = boil down to, come down to.* reducirse poco a poco = dribble off.* reducir una limitación = push + limits (further and further back).* reducir una palabra a su raíz = stem.* reducir un obstáculo = lower + barrier.* * *1.verbo transitivo1)a) <gastos/costos> to cut, reduce; <velocidad/producción/consumo> to reducereducir al mínimo los riesgos — to minimize o to reduce the risks to a minimum
le redujeron la pena — they shortened o reduced his sentence
reducir algo a su mínima expresión — (Mat) to reduce something to its simplest form
b) <fotocopia/fotografía> to reduce2)a) ( transformar)reducir algo A algo: reducir los gramos a milígramos to convert the grams to milligrams; quedaron reducidos a cenizas they were reduced to ashes; mis ilusiones quedaron reducidas a la nada — my dreams came to nothing
b) (Quím) to reducec) (AmS) < objeto robado> to receive, fence (colloq)4) <fractura/hernia> to set, reduce (tech)2.reducir vi1) (Coc) to reduce, boil down2) (Auto) to shift into a lower gear3.reducirse v pronreducirse A algo: todo se reduce a tener tacto it all comes down to being tactful; todo se redujo a un paseo por el río — in the end it was just a walk by the river
* * *= abridge, compress, contract, curtail, erode, gut, narrow, prune, reduce, shorten, stifle, lower, cut back (on), cut, cut down (on), deplete, lessen, pare down, keep down + Nombre, retrench, narrow down, whittle (away/down/at), slim down, slow down, slow up, taper, wind + Nombre + down, cut + Nombre + short, scale back, downgrade [down-grade], shave off, shrink, mark + Nombre + down.Ex: Inevitably any abridgement poses the dilemma how to abridge, that is, what to leave out and what to include.
Ex: A library of a million volumes could be compressed into one end of a desk.Ex: In the face of emergencies, breadth of vision tends to contract, narrowing the range of responses.Ex: The imposition of fee-based services may radically curtail the breadth of resources available to library users where historically information has been offered freely.Ex: These arrangements should also erode price differentials between Europe and the US, and permit each country to support its own online services.Ex: Prices of European produced scientific, technical and medical serials continue to gut US research libraries.Ex: Hierarchical relationships must be indicated in order that the users may broaden or narrow the search parameters.Ex: More balanced schedules were achieved by pruning the 31000 subjects enumerated in the fourteenth edition to 4700.Ex: The disadvantage of inversion of words is that inversion or indirect word order reduces predictability of form of headings.Ex: If there are holds on the title, the loan period is shortened to 14 days.Ex: Excessive emphasis on the need to exact payment will stifle the flow of information.Ex: When a forme was in place on the press stone, paper was lowered on to it by means of a tympan and frisket.Ex: But higher education, which expanded between 1959 and 1979 from 164,000 to 519,600 students in full-time higher education, has also been cutting back on purchases.Ex: 'The word's out: all departments have to cut their staffs by 10%' -- Her voice was weak and laden with woe.Ex: Abstracts cut down considerably on legwork in hunting for information.Ex: This intermediate grade would equate with the senior library assistant, a category much depleted in UK academic librarianship.Ex: Two possible solutions are possible: (1) to lessen the frequency of production, or (2) to reduce the amount of detail in the entries.Ex: He said again that we should pare it down to something much more in line with his figures.Ex: Activities such as gardening or cookery are dealt with in many books in ways which go far beyond the simple keeping down of weeds or just filling empty stomachs.Ex: In the face of overpublishing and growing scepticism, this once booming area is now retrenching and broadening its coverage = En vista del exceso de publicaciones y del creciente escepticismo, este área que una vez estuvo en auge ahora ha venido a menos.Ex: By specifying the fields to be searched, the user can narrow down the search in a very convenient way.Ex: However, such idealism is often whittled away over time by bureaucratic problems & organizational demands.Ex: The abundance of book types and titles makes display and merchandising increasingly difficult; some booksellers are dealing with this by slimming down or cutting out certain categories.Ex: However, the flight from DC appears to have slowed down more quickly than was anticipated, and we no longer read of large numbers of libraries making the change.Ex: Since cataloging is the most time consuming part of digitization, it has slowed up the placement of files.Ex: The tube in the two types tapers almost unnoticeably from base to tip.Ex: Not the least of the ironies of this venture is that going ahead with it is as full of hazard as winding it down abruptly.Ex: May I just cut you short, because I've discussed this problem with Peter Jacobs just this week.Ex: He first spotted trouble when she started being short with users and so he solved the problem by scaling back her workload.Ex: The opposite of the 'halo effect' -- downgrading someone you dislike but whose work is good -- is also an error.Ex: You can shave off as much as 50% or even more from your current rate for home insurance in Arizona.Ex: The 'false hit' problem still arises, but becomes less likely as the 'neighborhood' of the two words shrinks.Ex: They have just marked down all summer handbags to 50 percent off.* que reduce el estrés = stress-reducing.* reducir a cero = reduce to + nil.* reducir a la mitad = halve, cut in + half, halve, reduce by + half.* reducir a la nada = reduce to + nil.* reducir al mínimo = minimise [minimize, -USA], reduce to + a minimum, cut down to + a minimum, keep to + a (bare) minimum, cut to + the bone.* reducir a lo mínimo = cut to + the bone.* reducir a miniatura = miniaturise [miniaturize, -USA].* reducir costes = reduce + costs.* reducir de plantilla = downsize.* reducir de tamaño = reduce in + size.* reducir el esfuerzo = reduce + effort.* reducir el impacto = minimise + impact.* reducir el papeleo = slash + red tape.* reducir el precio = reduce + price, cut + price.* reducir el presupuesto = cut + monies from + budget.* reducir el riesgo = reduce + risk.* reducir el tamaño = reduce + size.* reducir el tiempo = cut down + time.* reducir el valor = reduce + value.* reducir gastos = cut + costs, cut + spending, make + economies, make + cuts, reduce + costs.* reducir gradualmente = scale down.* reducir la burocracia = slash + red tape.* reducir la posibilidad = minimise + possibility.* reducir la probabilidad = reduce + chances.* reducir las diferencias = bridge + the gap, bridge + the divide, bridge + the chasm, bridge + the gulf, close + the gap.* reducir las diferencias entre... y = narrow + the gap between... and.* reducir las distancias = reduce + distance, close + the gap.* reducir las posibilidades de = narrow + the vision of.* reducir los beneficios = cut + profit.* reducir los impuestos = cut + taxes.* reducir pérdidas = cut down + losses, cut + losses.* reducir progresivamente = phase out.* reducirse a = boil down to, come down to.* reducirse poco a poco = dribble off.* reducir una limitación = push + limits (further and further back).* reducir una palabra a su raíz = stem.* reducir un obstáculo = lower + barrier.* * *reducir [I6 ]vtA1 ‹gastos/costos› to cut, cut down on, reduce; ‹velocidad› to reduce; ‹producción/consumo› to reducehemos reducido el número de casos we have brought down o reduced the number of casesredujeron el número de plazas they cut the number of places o the number of places was reducedhan prometido reducir los impuestos they have promised to cut o reduce taxescon esto se intenta reducir al mínimo el riesgo de infección this is intended to minimize o to reduce to a minimum the risk of infectionejercicios para reducir (la) cintura exercises to reduce your waistlinereducir algo A algo to reduce sth TO sthhan reducido el texto a 50 páginas they have shortened o reduced the text to fifty pagesle han reducido la pena a dos años they have commuted o shortened o reduced his sentence to two yearsla población quedó reducida a la mitad the population was reduced to half of its former sizereducir algo a su mínima expresión ( Mat) to reduce sth to its simplest expression o formel suéter quedó reducido a su mínima expresión ( hum); the sweater shrank to nothingreducir algo EN algo to reduce sth BY sthpretenden reducir el gasto en cinco millones they aim to reduce costs by five million2 ‹fotocopia/fotografía› to reduceB1 (transformar) reducir algo A algo:reducir los gramos a miligramos to convert the grams to milligramsreducir quebrados a un mínimo común denominador to reduce fractions to their lowest common denominatorquedaron reducidos a cenizas they were reduced to ashestodas sus ilusiones quedaron reducidas a la nada all his dreams were shattered2 ( Quím) to reduceC (dominar, someter) ‹enemigo/rebeldes› to subdue; ‹ladrón› to overpowerreducir a un pueblo a la esclavitud to reduce a people to slaveryD ‹fractura/hernia› to set, reduce ( tech)E (CS) ‹cadáver/restos mortales› to exhume ( for reburial in a niche or smaller coffin)■ reducirviA ( Coc) to reduce, boil downdejar reducir la salsa leave the sauce to boil down o reducereducirse A algo:todo se reduce a saber interpretar las cifras it all comes down to knowing how to interpret the figurestodo se redujo a una visita a la catedral y un paseo por el río in the end it was just a visit to the cathedral and a walk along the river* * *
reducir ( conjugate reducir) verbo transitivo
1
‹velocidad/producción/consumo› to reduce;
reducir algo A algo to reduce sth to sth;
reducir algo EN algo to reduce sth by sth
2a) ( transformar):
quedaron reducidos a cenizas they were reduced to ashes
3 ( dominar) ‹enemigo/rebeldes› to subdue;
‹ ladrón› to overpower
reducirse verbo pronominal:
reducir
I verbo transitivo
1 (disminuir) to reduce
reducir algo en algo, to reduce sthg by sthg
(gastos, consumo, etc) to cut (down), minimize
2 (convertir, transformar) to reduce: el incendio redujo el bosque a cenizas, the fire reduced the wood to ashes
3 (subyugar) to subdue
II vi Auto to change down, US to downshift
' reducir' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
bajar
- ceniza
- encaminada
- encaminado
- moler
- disminuir
- minimizar
- mínimo
- mira
English:
administrative
- austerity
- ax
- axe
- change down
- corner
- curtail
- cut
- cut back
- cut down
- decrease
- deficit
- deplenish
- deplete
- depress
- downsize
- effective
- halve
- lighten
- lower
- narrow down
- prune
- pulp
- rate
- receive
- reduce
- retrench
- scale down
- shorten
- slow
- wind down
- bring
- cost
- deaden
- decelerate
- diminish
- discount
- get
- lessen
- loss
- minimize
- over
- pare
- scale
- slacken
- traffic
- whittle
- wind
* * *♦ vt1. [disminuir] to reduce;[gastos, costes, impuestos, plantilla] to cut; [producción] to cut (back on);nos han reducido el sueldo our salary has been cut;reduzca la velocidad [en letrero] reduce speed now;reducir algo a algo to reduce sth to sth;el edificio quedó reducido a escombros the building was reduced to a pile of rubble;reducir algo al mínimo to reduce sth to a minimum;tú todo lo reduces a tener dinero the only thing you care about is money;reducir a la mínima expresión to cut down to the bare minimum2. [fotocopia] to reduce3. [someter] [país, ciudad] to suppress, to subdue;[atracador, ladrón, sublevados] to overpower6. Quím to reduce8. Andes, RP [objetos robados] to receive, to fence9. RP [cadáver] to exhume [for reburial in smaller container]♦ vireduce a tercera change down into third (gear)* * *v/t1 reduce (a to); gastos cut;reducir personal cut jobs, reduce staff numbers;reducir la marcha AUTO downshift, shift into a lower gear2 MIL overcome* * *reducir {61} vt1) disminuir: to reduce, to decrease, to cut2) : to subdue3) : to boil down* * *reducir vb to reduce -
52 Deckung
f1. (Schutz, auch MIL.) cover, shelter; (Tarnung) camouflage; (Feuerschutz) covering fire; jemandem Deckung geben cover s.o., give s.o. cover; in Deckung gehen take cover ( vor + Dat from); (in oder volle) Deckung! MIL. take ( oder run for) cover!6. WIRTS., der Kosten etc.: cover; (Zahlung) payment; (Sicherheit) security; der Währung: backing; (Mittel) funds Pl.; zur Deckung der Nachfrage / Unkosten to meet the demand / to cover the costs; das Konto hat dafür zu wenig Deckung there are not sufficient funds in the account to cover that; Deckung eines Verlustes making up a loss7. MATH. coincidence, congruence8. fig. (Übereinstimmung) correspondence* * *die Deckungcollateral; cover* * *Dẹ|ckung ['dɛkʊŋ]f -, (rare) -enin Deckung gehen — to take cover
2)(= Verheimlichung)
die Deckung von etw — covering up of sther kann mit Deckung durch den Minister rechnen — he can count on the minister covering up for him
3) (COMM, FIN) (von Scheck, Wechsel) cover; (von Darlehen) security; (= das Decken) covering; (= das Begleichen) meetingder Scheck ist ohne Deckung — the cheque (Brit) or check (US) is not covered
ein Darlehen ohne Deckung — an unsecured loan
als Deckung für seine Schulden — as security or surety for his debts
dafür ist auf meinem Konto keine Deckung — there are no funds to cover that in my account
die Versicherung übernahm die Deckung des Schadens — the insurance company agreed to meet or cover the cost of the damage
4) (= Befriedigung) meeting5) (= Übereinstimmung) (MATH) congruencelassen sich diese Standpunkte/Interessen zur Deckung bringen? — can these points of view/interests be made to coincide?
diese beiden Zeugenaussagen lassen sich schwer zur Deckung bringen — these two statements can't be made to agree
* * *die1) (the amount of protection given by insurance: insurance coverage.) coverage2) (something that gives protection or shelter: The soldiers took cover from the enemy gunfire; insurance cover.) cover* * *De·ckung<-, -en>f1. (Feuerschutz) cover3. (schützende Haltung) guardseine \Deckung vernachlässigen to drop [or lower] one's guard4. (Schutz) covervolle \Deckung! take cover!\Deckung suchen [o in \Deckung gehen] to take coverjdm \Deckung geben to give sb cover, to cover sbzur \Deckung der Nachfrage to meet [or satisfy] the demandder Scheck ist ohne \Deckung the cheque is not coveredein Wechsel ohne \Deckung an unsecured bill, a bill without cover; (Ausgleich) offset no indef art (+ gen for)zur \Deckung der Schäden to meet the cost of the damageetw zur \Deckung bringen to make sth coincide; Zahlen to be made to tally* * *die; Deckung, Deckungen1) (Schutz; auch fig.) cover (esp. Mil.); (Schach) defence; (Boxen) guard; (bes. Fußball): (die deckenden Spieler) defenceDeckung nehmen, in Deckung gehen — take cover
als Deckung für seine Schulden — as security for his debts
3) (Befriedigung) satisfactionPläne usw. zur Deckung bringen — make plans etc. agree; bring plans etc. into line
* * *Deckung fjemandem Deckung geben cover sb, give sb cover;in Deckung gehen take cover (vor +dat from); (in oder2. SPORT marking, US covering6. WIRTSCH, der Kosten etc: cover; (Zahlung) payment; (Sicherheit) security; der Währung: backing; (Mittel) funds pl;zur Deckung der Nachfrage/Unkosten to meet the demand/to cover the costs;das Konto hat dafür zu wenig Deckung there are not sufficient funds in the account to cover that;Deckung eines Verlustes making up a loss7. MATH coincidence, congruence8. fig (Übereinstimmung) correspondence* * *die; Deckung, Deckungen1) (Schutz; auch fig.) cover (esp. Mil.); (Schach) defence; (Boxen) guard; (bes. Fußball): (die deckenden Spieler) defenceDeckung nehmen, in Deckung gehen — take cover
3) (Befriedigung) satisfactionPläne usw. zur Deckung bringen — make plans etc. agree; bring plans etc. into line
-
53 total
ˈtəutl
1. сущ. целое, сумма;
итог to add up, calculate, tally up a total ≈ подводить итог combined total ≈ общая сумма sum total ≈ сумма Syn: aggregate, sum, totality, whole, amount, result Ant: component, part
2. прил.
1) весь, целый;
общий, совокупный, суммарный Syn: joint, combined
2) абсолютный, полный, совершенный total eclipse астр. ≈ полное затмение Syn: absolute, perfect
3) всеобщий, тотальный Syn: entire
3. гл.
1) подводить итог, подсчитывать
2) доходить до, равняться, насчитывать( о сумме, числе) целое;
сумма;
итог - in * целиком - final * итоговая /конечная/ сумма - the grand * общий итог - will you figure out the * for me? пожалуйста, подведите мне общий итог - our expenses reached a * of $15 наши расходы в целом составили /достигли общей суммы в/ 15 долларов - the * of their gains amounted to millions общая сумма их доходов составляла несколько миллионов - a * of 320 students registered for summer school в общей сложности 320 студентов записались в летнюю школу весь, целый;
общий;
совокупный - the * amount общая сумма - the * number of persons общее число людей - * analysis валовой анализ - * output валовой продукт - * efficiency общий коэффициент полезного действия - * points( спортивное) общая сумма очков - * population общая численность населения - * strength( военное) общая численность - * weight вес брутто, общий вес - * fertility rate общий коэффициент плодовитости (полное потомство женщины за детородный период) - less than one third of the * number меньше одной трети от общего числа полный, абсолютный - * absurdity абсолютная нелепость - * silence гробовое молчание - * blindness полная /абсолютная/ слепота, стопроцентная потеря зрения - * disappearance полное исчезновение - * darkness кромешная тьма /темнота/ - * failure полный провал - * eclipse (астрономия) полное затмение - * emission (электроника) полная эмиссия - our car was a * loss after the accident после этой катастрофы наша машина никуда больше не годилась - they were in * ignorance of it они об этом совершенно ничего не знали - he's a * stranger to me я его совершенно не знаю всеобщий, тотальный - * war тотальная война - * peace всеобщий мир > * recall фотографическая память;
способность яркого и полного воспоминания > * adhesion locomotive локомотив, у которого все колеса ведущие подсчитывать;
подводить итог;
суммировать - to * (up) liabilities подсчитать общую сумму долга /задолженности/ (тж. to) насчитывать, составлять;
достигать, равняться - to * 200 dollars составлять в сумме двести долларов, доходить до двухсот долларов - the number of street accidents in the preceding year * (to) 90 число дорожных происшествий в минувшем году достигло 90 (американизм) (сленг) разбить, разломать - to * a car разбить автомобиль вдребезги( американизм) (сленг) разбиться;
убиться batch ~ вчт. контрольная сумма пакета check ~ вчт. контрольная сумма control ~ вчт. контрольная сумма ~ целое, сумма;
итог;
the grand total общий итог grand ~ общий итог grand ~ суммарный итог hash ~ вчт. контрольная сумма (всего массива данных) hash ~ вчт. контрольная сумма payroll ~ фонд заработной платы premium ~ общая сумма страховых взносов total абсолютный ~ весь, целый;
совокупный, суммарный ~ всеобщий ~ доходить до, равняться, насчитывать (о сумме, числе) ~ итог ~ итоговый ~ вчт. контрольная сумма ~ общий ~ подводить итог, подсчитывать ~ подводить итог ~ подсчитывать ~ полный, абсолютный;
total eclipse астр. полное затмение;
total failure полная неудача ~ полный ~ результирующий ~ совокупный ~ сумма ~ суммарный ~ суммировать ~ тотальный ~ целое, сумма;
итог;
the grand total общий итог ~ целое ~ полный, абсолютный;
total eclipse астр. полное затмение;
total failure полная неудача ~ of payroll общая сумма выплаченной заработной платы variance ~ сумма дисперсий weighted ~ взвешенная сумма -
54 Berechnen
Berechnen n 1. COMP computing; 2. GEN, STAT calculation* * *n 1. < Comp> computing; 2. <Geschäft, Math> calculation* * *berechnen
(abschätzen) to estimate, to evaluate, to assess, to appraise, to rate, (anrechnen) to bring [in]to account, to charge, to bill, (ansetzen) to quote, (rechnen) to reckon, to compute, to calculate, to work out;
• etw. berechnen to make a computation of (charge for) s. th.;
• nach der Abschreibungsmethode mit fallenden Quoten berechnen to compute on the reducing instalment basis;
• Delcredere berechnen to charge for delcredere;
• erneut berechnen to recompute, to recalculate;
• falsch berechnen to miscompute, to miscalculate;
• Fracht berechnen to charge freight;
• Gebühr berechnen to charge a fee;
• grob berechnen to calculate roughly;
• etw. nach Jahren berechnen to date s. th. by years;
• knapp berechnen to calculate closely;
• Kosten berechnen to figure up (calculate) the costs, to figure out the expenses;
• Mietanteil in den Lebenshaltungskosten berechnen to reckon rent in the cost of living;
• zu niedrig berechnen to charge too little, to underbill;
• dem Kunden das Porto berechnen to put (charge) the postage to the customer;
• niedrige Preise berechnen to ask moderate prices, to underquote;
• Provision berechnen to charge a commission;
• Satzpreis berechnen to calculate the cost of setting;
• Schaden berechnen to assess a loss, to value damage;
• Selbstkosten berechnen to cost;
• jem. etw. zum Selbstkostenpreis berechnen to let s. o. have s. th. at cost price;
• Steuer berechnen to fix the amount of a tax;
• stundenweise berechnen to charge by the hour;
• pro Tag berechnen to charge per day;
• Tara berechnen to rate the tare;
• Verkaufspreis berechnen to calculate the selling price;
• Verlust berechnen to assess [the extent of] a loss;
• seinen Verlust berechnen to reckon up one’s losses;
• Wert einer Arbeit in Zahlen berechnen to evaluate a work in material terms;
• Zinsen berechnen to compute (work out the) interest, (belasten) to charge interest;
• Zinsen vierteljährlich berechnen to compound interest quarterly;
• zu viel berechnen to overcharge. -
55 berechnen
Berechnen n 1. COMP computing; 2. GEN, STAT calculation* * *v 1. < Comp> compute; 2. < Finanz> price; 3. < Geschäft> Gebühr calculate, charge, estimate, work out; 4. < Math> calculate; 5. <V&M> Preis, Gebühr charge ■ zu berechnen < Geschäft> chargeable* * *berechnen
(abschätzen) to estimate, to evaluate, to assess, to appraise, to rate, (anrechnen) to bring [in]to account, to charge, to bill, (ansetzen) to quote, (rechnen) to reckon, to compute, to calculate, to work out;
• etw. berechnen to make a computation of (charge for) s. th.;
• nach der Abschreibungsmethode mit fallenden Quoten berechnen to compute on the reducing instalment basis;
• Delcredere berechnen to charge for delcredere;
• erneut berechnen to recompute, to recalculate;
• falsch berechnen to miscompute, to miscalculate;
• Fracht berechnen to charge freight;
• Gebühr berechnen to charge a fee;
• grob berechnen to calculate roughly;
• etw. nach Jahren berechnen to date s. th. by years;
• knapp berechnen to calculate closely;
• Kosten berechnen to figure up (calculate) the costs, to figure out the expenses;
• Mietanteil in den Lebenshaltungskosten berechnen to reckon rent in the cost of living;
• zu niedrig berechnen to charge too little, to underbill;
• dem Kunden das Porto berechnen to put (charge) the postage to the customer;
• niedrige Preise berechnen to ask moderate prices, to underquote;
• Provision berechnen to charge a commission;
• Satzpreis berechnen to calculate the cost of setting;
• Schaden berechnen to assess a loss, to value damage;
• Selbstkosten berechnen to cost;
• jem. etw. zum Selbstkostenpreis berechnen to let s. o. have s. th. at cost price;
• Steuer berechnen to fix the amount of a tax;
• stundenweise berechnen to charge by the hour;
• pro Tag berechnen to charge per day;
• Tara berechnen to rate the tare;
• Verkaufspreis berechnen to calculate the selling price;
• Verlust berechnen to assess [the extent of] a loss;
• seinen Verlust berechnen to reckon up one’s losses;
• Wert einer Arbeit in Zahlen berechnen to evaluate a work in material terms;
• Zinsen berechnen to compute (work out the) interest, (belasten) to charge interest;
• Zinsen vierteljährlich berechnen to compound interest quarterly;
• zu viel berechnen to overcharge. -
56 Defizit
n; -(e)s, -e; WIRTS. deficit* * *das Defizitdeficit* * *De|fi|zit ['deːfitsɪt]nt -s, -e(= Fehlbetrag) deficit; (= Mangel) deficiency ( an +dat of)* * *(the amount by which an amount (of money etc) is less than the amount required: a deficit of several hundred dollars.) deficit* * *De·fi·zit<-s, -e>[ˈde:fitsɪt]nt1. (Fehlbetrag) deficit\Defizit des öffentlichen Sektors public-sector deficit\Defizit durch Steuersenkung deficit without spendingein \Defizit abdecken/ausgleichen to cover/make good a deficit2. (Mangel)* * *das; Defizits, Defizite1) deficit2) (Mangel) deficiency* * ** * *das; Defizits, Defizite1) deficit2) (Mangel) deficiency* * *-e n.deficit n. -
57 register
're‹istə 1. noun((a book containing) a written list, record etc: a school attendance register; a register of births, marriages and deaths.) register, protokoll, liste2. verb1) (to write or cause to be written in a register: to register the birth of a baby.) registrere, føre inn i register2) (to write one's name, or have one's name written, in a register etc: They arrived on Friday and registered at the Hilton Hotel.) skrive seg inn3) (to insure (a parcel, letter etc) against loss in the post.) rekommandere; assurere4) ((of an instrument, dial etc) to show (a figure, amount etc): The thermometer registered 25°C.) vise•- registrar
- registry
- register office / registry office
- registration numberfortegne--------liste--------protokoll--------registerIsubst. \/ˈredʒɪstə\/1) fortegnelse, register, protokoll, katalog, liste2) ( musikk) (tone)register, stemmeleie3) kasseapparat, registreringsapparat, telleapparat, måler, regneverk4) ( typografi) register5) ( teknikk) (trekk)regulator, (luft)spjeld6) ( språkvitenskap) register (det språk man bruker i en bestemt språksituasjon)7) ( militærvesen) rulle (militærets register)the General Register of Births, Marriages and Deaths Folkeregisteretmake register holde register, holde oversikt overin register i register, registrertregister of something register over noe, protokoll over noeIIverb \/ˈredʒɪstə\/1) ( om å gjøre noe offisielt) føre inn i register, (inn)registrere, kartotekføre, føre inn, protokollere, skrive (seg) inn2) legge seg på minnet, registrere, legge merke til, oppfatte• he heard, but did he register?han hørte, men gikk det inn?3) ( jus) tinglese, tinglyse4) skrive (seg) inn, sjekke seg inn5) ( om instrument) registrere, vise6) uttrykke, vise7) ( postvesen) rekommandere8) ( militærvesen) møte på sesjon, innrulleres9) ( musikk) registrereregister a gain of something notere en gevinst på noeregister a loss of something notere et tap på noeregister at something skrive seg på noe, skrive seg inn ved noeregistered letter rekommandert brevregister for something melde seg på noeregister oneself skrive seg inn, registrere seg, melde segregister one's vote avgi sin stemmeregister oneself with melde seg hosregistered trademark registrert varemerke -
58 total
1. nціле; сума; підсумокthe total of their gains amounted to millions — загальна сума їх прибутків становила кілька мільйонів
2. adj1) весь, цілий, загальний, сукупний, сумарнийtotal points — спорт. загальна сума очок
strength — військ. загальна чисельність (кількість)
total weight — загальна вага; вага брутто
2) повний, абсолютний, цілковитийtotal eclipse — астр. повне затемнення
total emission — рад. повна емісія
3) тотальний, загальний3. v1) підраховувати, підбивати підсумки; підсумовувати2) дорівнювати, становити3) досягати (певної суми)* * *I nціле; сума; підсумокfinal [intermediate] total — підсумкова /кінцева/ [проміжна] сума
will you figure out the total for me — є будь ласка, підведете мені загальний підсумок
our expenses reached a total of Ј15 — наші витрати в цілому склали /досягли загальної суми в/ 15 фунтів
the total of their gains amounted to millions — загальна сума їх доходів складала декілька мільйонів
II aa total of 320 students registered for summer school — в цілому 320 студентів записалися в літню школу
1) весь, цілий; загальний; сукупнийtotal points — cпopт. загальна сума очків
total strength — війск. загальна чисельність
total weight — вага брутто, загальна вага
total fertility rate — загальний коефіциєнт плодючості ( повне потомство жінки за дітородний період)
2) повний, абсолютнийtotal blindness — повна /абсолютна/ сліпота, стовідсоткова втрата зору
total darkness — непроглядна тьма /темнота/; total failure повний провал
total eclipse — acтp. повне затьмарення
our car was a total loss after the accident — після цієї катастрофи наша машина нікуди більше не годилася
3) загальний, тотальнийtotal recall — фотографічна пам'ять; здатність яскравого, повного спогаду
III vtotal adhesion locomotive — локомотив, у якого всі колеса ведучі
1) підраховувати; підводити підсумок; підсумовувати2) (to) налічувати, складати; досягати, дорівнюватиto total 200 dollars — складати в сумі двісті доларів, доходити до двохсот доларів
the number of street accidents in the preceding year total (to) 90 — число дорожніх подій в минулому році досягло 90
3) aмep.; cл. розбити, розламатиto total a car — розбити автомобіль вщент; розбитися; убитися
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59 עסקא
עִסְקָא, עִי׳ch. sam(עסק II affair, display), occupation, painstaking; affair, business; merchandise. Targ. Koh. 10:18 עַיסַק אורייתאוכ׳ the occupation with the Law and the commandments. Targ. 2 Kings 4:13. Targ. Koh. 3:6 למשדי ע׳וכ׳ to throw merchandise into the sea; a. fr.עַל עֵיסַק on account of, for the sake of. Targ. Gen. 20:18. Ib. 21:11; a. fr.Sot.21a שבנא עבד ע׳ Shebna engaged in business. Taan.21a ניזיל ונעביד ע׳ let us go into business. Keth.66b ע׳ רבה a large investment, v. זִיּוּנָא III. Hor.12a מאן דבעי למיעבד ע׳וכ׳ (not נע׳) he who wants to enter upon a certain enterprise and desires to know whether he will succeed or not; Kerith. 5b מאן דבעי נעביד עִיסְקֵי (pl.); a. fr.Esp. ‘isḳa, giving a person goods to trade with on shares (usually two shares of the profit going to the investor and one to the trader). B. Mets. 104b האי ע׳ פלגאוכ׳ in the case of an ‘isḳa, half of the sum involved is a loan (at the risk of the trader), and the other half is a trust. Ib. להכא קרי ליה ע׳וכ׳ it is therefore called ‘isḳa (business), because he has a right to say to him, I have given it to thee to trade with, v. עֲסֵק. Ib. חד ע׳ ותרי שטרי (not חדא) if one ‘isḳa was agreed upon, and two instruments (each for half the amount) were made out. Ib. 105a האי מאן דקביל ע׳ מחבריהוכ׳ if one took merchandise on shares from his neighbor and suffered loss, but afterwards took pains and recovered the loss. Ib. הני בי תרי … ע׳ בהדי הדדי if two entered a partnership with each other (one furnishing the capital). Bets.32b בעא מנייהו ע׳ he asked them to give him goods on shares; a. e.Pl. עִסְקִין, עִסְקֵי, עִי׳. Targ. 2 Kings 4:13. Targ. Y. Gen. 2:2 עשרתי ע׳ ten things.B. Mets. l. c. תרי ע׳ וחד שטרא (Rashi sing.) two ‘isḳas and one document made out on both together. Ker. l. c., v. supra; a. e. -
60 עי׳
עִסְקָא, עִי׳ch. sam(עסק II affair, display), occupation, painstaking; affair, business; merchandise. Targ. Koh. 10:18 עַיסַק אורייתאוכ׳ the occupation with the Law and the commandments. Targ. 2 Kings 4:13. Targ. Koh. 3:6 למשדי ע׳וכ׳ to throw merchandise into the sea; a. fr.עַל עֵיסַק on account of, for the sake of. Targ. Gen. 20:18. Ib. 21:11; a. fr.Sot.21a שבנא עבד ע׳ Shebna engaged in business. Taan.21a ניזיל ונעביד ע׳ let us go into business. Keth.66b ע׳ רבה a large investment, v. זִיּוּנָא III. Hor.12a מאן דבעי למיעבד ע׳וכ׳ (not נע׳) he who wants to enter upon a certain enterprise and desires to know whether he will succeed or not; Kerith. 5b מאן דבעי נעביד עִיסְקֵי (pl.); a. fr.Esp. ‘isḳa, giving a person goods to trade with on shares (usually two shares of the profit going to the investor and one to the trader). B. Mets. 104b האי ע׳ פלגאוכ׳ in the case of an ‘isḳa, half of the sum involved is a loan (at the risk of the trader), and the other half is a trust. Ib. להכא קרי ליה ע׳וכ׳ it is therefore called ‘isḳa (business), because he has a right to say to him, I have given it to thee to trade with, v. עֲסֵק. Ib. חד ע׳ ותרי שטרי (not חדא) if one ‘isḳa was agreed upon, and two instruments (each for half the amount) were made out. Ib. 105a האי מאן דקביל ע׳ מחבריהוכ׳ if one took merchandise on shares from his neighbor and suffered loss, but afterwards took pains and recovered the loss. Ib. הני בי תרי … ע׳ בהדי הדדי if two entered a partnership with each other (one furnishing the capital). Bets.32b בעא מנייהו ע׳ he asked them to give him goods on shares; a. e.Pl. עִסְקִין, עִסְקֵי, עִי׳. Targ. 2 Kings 4:13. Targ. Y. Gen. 2:2 עשרתי ע׳ ten things.B. Mets. l. c. תרי ע׳ וחד שטרא (Rashi sing.) two ‘isḳas and one document made out on both together. Ker. l. c., v. supra; a. e.
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