lact

brūtus, a, um, adj. [kindr. with barus, perh. contr. from barutus, a lengthened form of barus, like actutum, astutus, cinctutus, versutus, from actu, astus, cinctus, versus; cf. also brithus, heavy, weighty; Fr. and Engl. brute, brutal].

Lit., heavy, unwieldy, immovable (rare): brutum antiqui gravem dicebant, Paul. ex Fest. p. 31 Müll.:

pondus,

falling down with heavy weight, Lucr. 6, 105: tellus, * Hor. C. 1, 34, 9 (cf.:

terra iners,

id. ib. 3, 4, 45:

immota tellus,

Sen. Thyest. 1020:

terra semper immobilis,

Serv. ad Verg. A. 10, 102:

Unde Horatius. Et bruta tellus): corpora neque tam bruta quam terrea, neque tam levia quam aetheria,

App. de Deo Socr. p. 47, 5.—

Trop., dull, stupid, insensible, unreasonable.

Of men:

brutum dicitur hebes et obtusum... Pacuvius Hermiona: et obnoxium esse aut brutum aut elinguem putes,

Non. p. 77, 31 sq.: fortunam insanam esse et caecam et brutam perhibent philosophi, Pac. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 23, 36:

quod bruti nec satis sardare queunt, Naev. ap. Fest. s. v. sardare, p. 322 Müll. (Bell. Punic. v. 65, p. 18 Vahl.): T. Manlius relegatus a patre ob adulescentiam brutam atque hebetem,

Sen. Ben. 3, 37, 4; App. M. 7, p. 191, 30:

homo,

Lact. 7, 4, 12; Prud. steph. 2, 66; cf. 2. Brutus, II. B.—Esp. in a play on the name, 2. Brutus, v. h. v.—

Of animals, irrational ( = anaisthêtos, Arist. Part. Anim. 3, 4) (so several times in Pliny the elder):

animalium hoc maxime brutum (sc. sus),

Plin. 8, 51, 77, § 207; 9, 29, 46, § 87; 11, 37, 70, § 183; 11, 39, 92, § 226.—But only late Lat. as a general designation of animals opp. to men, our brute, irrational, dumb, Greg. Mag. in Job, 10, 13, 23; 17, 30, 46 al.—

Of inanimate things: bruta fulmina et vana, ut quae nulla veniant ratione naturae, qs. striking blindly, Plin. 2, 43, 43, § 113: scitum Caesaris, thoughtless, inconsiderate, Prud. steph. 5, 66.—

* Sup., Jul. Val. Rer. Gest. Alex. Magn. 3, 67.

Brūtus, i, m., = Broutos [1. brutus], a Roman cognomen.

L. Junius, the relative of Tarquinius Superbus, saved by his feigned stupidity [whence the name], and the deliverer of Rome from regal dominion, Liv. 1, 56, 7 sq.; Ov. F. 2, 717; 2, 837; Verg. A. 6, 818; Cic. Tusc. 1, 37, 89 saep. After him, Brutus was the cognomen of the patrician gens Junia.—

From the plebeian gens Junia,

M. Junius, son of Servilia, a half-sister of Cato Uticensis by M. Brutus (not by Cæsar; v. Ellendt Cic. Brut. p. cxxvii.), an intimate friend of Cicero about the 21 st year of his age, and one of the murderers of Julius Cœsar, Suet. Caes. 80 sq.; id. Aug. 10; Vell. 2, 56, 3; 2, 58, 1; Tac. A. 1, 2; Cic. Phil. 1, 3, 8; 1, 4, 9 and 10; 2, 12, 28 sq.; 2, 13, 31; id. Fam. 3, 4, 2;

as a philos. and orator active and respected,

id. Ac. 1, 3, 12; id. Fin. 1, 3, 8; id. Tusc. 5, 1, 1 sq.; id. Att. 12, 5, 3; 13, 9, 2; Plut. Brut. 4; Cic. Or. 71, 237; Quint. 10, 1, 123; Tac. Or. 17 sq.; 21; cf. Ellendt, above cited; Meyer, Fragm. Orat. 205. To him Cic. dedicated his writings: Orator, Brutus, de Deorum Naturā, de Finibus, and Tusc. Quaestiones.—

D. Junius, a fellow-conspirator with the preceding, Suet. Caes. 80 sq.; id. Aug. 10; Vell. 2, 56 sq.; Cic. Phil. 3, 1, 4; id. Fam. 10, 11, 2; id. ad Brut. 1, 2, 2;

to him are addressed the letters,

Cic. Fam. 11, 5 sqq.;

12 sqq. al.—To these two Cicero's witticism has reference: quid ergo? Ista culpa Brutorum? Minime illorum quidem, sed aliorum brutorum, qui se cautos ac sapientes putant,

Cic. Att. 14, 14, 2; cf. id. Phil. 4, 2, 7; id. Att. 14, 20, 2; Liv. 1, 56, 8; Ov. F. 2, 717.—

Derivv.

Brūtĭā-nus, a, um, adj., of or pertaining to ( M. Junius) Brutus:

castra,

Vell. 2, 72:

Cassianaeque partes,

id. 2, 74:

bellum civile,

Lact. 2, 7 fin. —

Brūtīnus, a, um, adj., of or pertaining to Brutus ( M. Junius):

consilia rei publicae liberandae,

Cic. Ep. ad Brut. 1, 15.—

D. Junius Brutus Callaicus, consul with P. Corn. Scipio Nasica Serapio A.U.C. 616, Cic. Brut. 28, 107; id. Leg. 3, 9, 20; id. Balb. 17, 40; Vell. 2, 5.—

D. Junius Brutus Julianus, consul with Mamercus Æmilius Lepidus A.U.C. 677, Cic. Brut. 47, 175; id. de Or. 2, 33, 142; id. Att. 12, 22, 2.—

M. Junius Brutus, the husband of Servilia, and father of the murderer of Cœsar, a distinguished lawyer, Cic. Brut. 62, 222.

Cēcrops, ŏpis, m., = Kekrops, the most ancient king of Attica, who went there from the Egyptian Sais, and was founder of the citadel of Athens (which is hence called Cecropia; v. infra), Hyg. Fab. 48 and 158; Cic. Leg. 2, 25, 63; Plin. 7, 56, 57, § 194; acc. to the fable, half man and half serpent;

hence, geminus,

Ov. M. 2, 555.—

Hence,

Cēcrŏpĭus, a, um, adj.

Of or pertaining to Cecrops, Cecropian; and subst.: Cēcrŏpĭa, ae, f., the citadel of Athens, built by Cecrops, Plin. 7, 56, 57, § 194:

arx,

Ov. M. 6, 70; 15, 427.—Hence, meton. for Athens, Cat. 64, 79.—Far more freq.,

Pertaining to Athens or Attica, Athenian, Attic:

fines,

the Attic territory, Lucr. 6, 1139 Lachm.:

coloni,

Prop. 2 (3), 33, 29:

Eumolpus (born at Athens),

Ov. M. 11, 93:

thymus,

Verg. G. 4, 270:

apes,

id. ib. 4, 177; Mart. 9, 14:

mel,

id. 13, 24:

cothurnus,

tragedy, which was native to Athens, Hor. C. 2, 1, 12: domūs opprobrium (on account of Procne, the daughter of the Athenian king Pandion; cf.

Atthis),

id. ib. 4, 12, 6:

fides,

i. e. the fidelity of the friends Theseus and Pirithous, Stat. S. 2, 6, 55:

dote madent pectora,

full of Athenian wisdom, Mart. 7, 69, 2; cf. id. 1, 40.—

Cēcrŏpĭdes, ae, m., a male descendant of Cecrops; voc. Cecropidā (i. e. Theseus), Ov. M. 8, 550.—Appel. for one of noble descent, Juv. 8, 46 sq.— Plur.: Cē-crŏpĭdae, ārum, Athenians, Ov. M. 7, 486; 7, 502; Mart. Cap. 4, § 424; 9, § 888.—

Cēcrŏpĭs, ĭdis ( dat. plur. Cecropidis, Lact. 1, 17, 14; voc. Cecropĭ, Ov. H. 10, 100), f., a female descendant of Cecrops; so his daughter Aglauros, Ov. M. 2, 806; cf. id. ib. 2, 797.— Adj.:

ales,

i. e. Procne, Ov. Am. 3, 12, 32:

virgines,

Lact. 1, 17, 14.—In plur., Procne and Philomele, daughters of Pandion, Ov. M. 6, 667.—Also,

An Athenian woman, Juv. 6, 187; and adj. for Attic, of Attica:

terra,

Ov. H. 10, 100.

Cēcrops, ŏpis, m., = Kekrops, the most ancient king of Attica, who went there from the Egyptian Sais, and was founder of the citadel of Athens (which is hence called Cecropia; v. infra), Hyg. Fab. 48 and 158; Cic. Leg. 2, 25, 63; Plin. 7, 56, 57, § 194; acc. to the fable, half man and half serpent;

hence, geminus,

Ov. M. 2, 555.—

Hence,

Cēcrŏpĭus, a, um, adj.

Of or pertaining to Cecrops, Cecropian; and subst.: Cēcrŏpĭa, ae, f., the citadel of Athens, built by Cecrops, Plin. 7, 56, 57, § 194:

arx,

Ov. M. 6, 70; 15, 427.—Hence, meton. for Athens, Cat. 64, 79.—Far more freq.,

Pertaining to Athens or Attica, Athenian, Attic:

fines,

the Attic territory, Lucr. 6, 1139 Lachm.:

coloni,

Prop. 2 (3), 33, 29:

Eumolpus (born at Athens),

Ov. M. 11, 93:

thymus,

Verg. G. 4, 270:

apes,

id. ib. 4, 177; Mart. 9, 14:

mel,

id. 13, 24:

cothurnus,

tragedy, which was native to Athens, Hor. C. 2, 1, 12: domūs opprobrium (on account of Procne, the daughter of the Athenian king Pandion; cf.

Atthis),

id. ib. 4, 12, 6:

fides,

i. e. the fidelity of the friends Theseus and Pirithous, Stat. S. 2, 6, 55:

dote madent pectora,

full of Athenian wisdom, Mart. 7, 69, 2; cf. id. 1, 40.—

Cēcrŏpĭdes, ae, m., a male descendant of Cecrops; voc. Cecropidā (i. e. Theseus), Ov. M. 8, 550.—Appel. for one of noble descent, Juv. 8, 46 sq.— Plur.: Cē-crŏpĭdae, ārum, Athenians, Ov. M. 7, 486; 7, 502; Mart. Cap. 4, § 424; 9, § 888.—

Cēcrŏpĭs, ĭdis ( dat. plur. Cecropidis, Lact. 1, 17, 14; voc. Cecropĭ, Ov. H. 10, 100), f., a female descendant of Cecrops; so his daughter Aglauros, Ov. M. 2, 806; cf. id. ib. 2, 797.— Adj.:

ales,

i. e. Procne, Ov. Am. 3, 12, 32:

virgines,

Lact. 1, 17, 14.—In plur., Procne and Philomele, daughters of Pandion, Ov. M. 6, 667.—Also,

An Athenian woman, Juv. 6, 187; and adj. for Attic, of Attica:

terra,

Ov. H. 10, 100.

Cēcrops, ŏpis, m., = Kekrops, the most ancient king of Attica, who went there from the Egyptian Sais, and was founder of the citadel of Athens (which is hence called Cecropia; v. infra), Hyg. Fab. 48 and 158; Cic. Leg. 2, 25, 63; Plin. 7, 56, 57, § 194; acc. to the fable, half man and half serpent;

hence, geminus,

Ov. M. 2, 555.—

Hence,

Cēcrŏpĭus, a, um, adj.

Of or pertaining to Cecrops, Cecropian; and subst.: Cēcrŏpĭa, ae, f., the citadel of Athens, built by Cecrops, Plin. 7, 56, 57, § 194:

arx,

Ov. M. 6, 70; 15, 427.—Hence, meton. for Athens, Cat. 64, 79.—Far more freq.,

Pertaining to Athens or Attica, Athenian, Attic:

fines,

the Attic territory, Lucr. 6, 1139 Lachm.:

coloni,

Prop. 2 (3), 33, 29:

Eumolpus (born at Athens),

Ov. M. 11, 93:

thymus,

Verg. G. 4, 270:

apes,

id. ib. 4, 177; Mart. 9, 14:

mel,

id. 13, 24:

cothurnus,

tragedy, which was native to Athens, Hor. C. 2, 1, 12: domūs opprobrium (on account of Procne, the daughter of the Athenian king Pandion; cf.

Atthis),

id. ib. 4, 12, 6:

fides,

i. e. the fidelity of the friends Theseus and Pirithous, Stat. S. 2, 6, 55:

dote madent pectora,

full of Athenian wisdom, Mart. 7, 69, 2; cf. id. 1, 40.—

Cēcrŏpĭdes, ae, m., a male descendant of Cecrops; voc. Cecropidā (i. e. Theseus), Ov. M. 8, 550.—Appel. for one of noble descent, Juv. 8, 46 sq.— Plur.: Cē-crŏpĭdae, ārum, Athenians, Ov. M. 7, 486; 7, 502; Mart. Cap. 4, § 424; 9, § 888.—

Cēcrŏpĭs, ĭdis ( dat. plur. Cecropidis, Lact. 1, 17, 14; voc. Cecropĭ, Ov. H. 10, 100), f., a female descendant of Cecrops; so his daughter Aglauros, Ov. M. 2, 806; cf. id. ib. 2, 797.— Adj.:

ales,

i. e. Procne, Ov. Am. 3, 12, 32:

virgines,

Lact. 1, 17, 14.—In plur., Procne and Philomele, daughters of Pandion, Ov. M. 6, 667.—Also,

An Athenian woman, Juv. 6, 187; and adj. for Attic, of Attica:

terra,

Ov. H. 10, 100.

Cēcrops, ŏpis, m., = Kekrops, the most ancient king of Attica, who went there from the Egyptian Sais, and was founder of the citadel of Athens (which is hence called Cecropia; v. infra), Hyg. Fab. 48 and 158; Cic. Leg. 2, 25, 63; Plin. 7, 56, 57, § 194; acc. to the fable, half man and half serpent;

hence, geminus,

Ov. M. 2, 555.—

Hence,

Cēcrŏpĭus, a, um, adj.

Of or pertaining to Cecrops, Cecropian; and subst.: Cēcrŏpĭa, ae, f., the citadel of Athens, built by Cecrops, Plin. 7, 56, 57, § 194:

arx,

Ov. M. 6, 70; 15, 427.—Hence, meton. for Athens, Cat. 64, 79.—Far more freq.,

Pertaining to Athens or Attica, Athenian, Attic:

fines,

the Attic territory, Lucr. 6, 1139 Lachm.:

coloni,

Prop. 2 (3), 33, 29:

Eumolpus (born at Athens),

Ov. M. 11, 93:

thymus,

Verg. G. 4, 270:

apes,

id. ib. 4, 177; Mart. 9, 14:

mel,

id. 13, 24:

cothurnus,

tragedy, which was native to Athens, Hor. C. 2, 1, 12: domūs opprobrium (on account of Procne, the daughter of the Athenian king Pandion; cf.

Atthis),

id. ib. 4, 12, 6:

fides,

i. e. the fidelity of the friends Theseus and Pirithous, Stat. S. 2, 6, 55:

dote madent pectora,

full of Athenian wisdom, Mart. 7, 69, 2; cf. id. 1, 40.—

Cēcrŏpĭdes, ae, m., a male descendant of Cecrops; voc. Cecropidā (i. e. Theseus), Ov. M. 8, 550.—Appel. for one of noble descent, Juv. 8, 46 sq.— Plur.: Cē-crŏpĭdae, ārum, Athenians, Ov. M. 7, 486; 7, 502; Mart. Cap. 4, § 424; 9, § 888.—

Cēcrŏpĭs, ĭdis ( dat. plur. Cecropidis, Lact. 1, 17, 14; voc. Cecropĭ, Ov. H. 10, 100), f., a female descendant of Cecrops; so his daughter Aglauros, Ov. M. 2, 806; cf. id. ib. 2, 797.— Adj.:

ales,

i. e. Procne, Ov. Am. 3, 12, 32:

virgines,

Lact. 1, 17, 14.—In plur., Procne and Philomele, daughters of Pandion, Ov. M. 6, 667.—Also,

An Athenian woman, Juv. 6, 187; and adj. for Attic, of Attica:

terra,

Ov. H. 10, 100.

Cēcrops, ŏpis, m., = Kekrops, the most ancient king of Attica, who went there from the Egyptian Sais, and was founder of the citadel of Athens (which is hence called Cecropia; v. infra), Hyg. Fab. 48 and 158; Cic. Leg. 2, 25, 63; Plin. 7, 56, 57, § 194; acc. to the fable, half man and half serpent;

hence, geminus,

Ov. M. 2, 555.—

Hence,

Cēcrŏpĭus, a, um, adj.

Of or pertaining to Cecrops, Cecropian; and subst.: Cēcrŏpĭa, ae, f., the citadel of Athens, built by Cecrops, Plin. 7, 56, 57, § 194:

arx,

Ov. M. 6, 70; 15, 427.—Hence, meton. for Athens, Cat. 64, 79.—Far more freq.,

Pertaining to Athens or Attica, Athenian, Attic:

fines,

the Attic territory, Lucr. 6, 1139 Lachm.:

coloni,

Prop. 2 (3), 33, 29:

Eumolpus (born at Athens),

Ov. M. 11, 93:

thymus,

Verg. G. 4, 270:

apes,

id. ib. 4, 177; Mart. 9, 14:

mel,

id. 13, 24:

cothurnus,

tragedy, which was native to Athens, Hor. C. 2, 1, 12: domūs opprobrium (on account of Procne, the daughter of the Athenian king Pandion; cf.

Atthis),

id. ib. 4, 12, 6:

fides,

i. e. the fidelity of the friends Theseus and Pirithous, Stat. S. 2, 6, 55:

dote madent pectora,

full of Athenian wisdom, Mart. 7, 69, 2; cf. id. 1, 40.—

Cēcrŏpĭdes, ae, m., a male descendant of Cecrops; voc. Cecropidā (i. e. Theseus), Ov. M. 8, 550.—Appel. for one of noble descent, Juv. 8, 46 sq.— Plur.: Cē-crŏpĭdae, ārum, Athenians, Ov. M. 7, 486; 7, 502; Mart. Cap. 4, § 424; 9, § 888.—

Cēcrŏpĭs, ĭdis ( dat. plur. Cecropidis, Lact. 1, 17, 14; voc. Cecropĭ, Ov. H. 10, 100), f., a female descendant of Cecrops; so his daughter Aglauros, Ov. M. 2, 806; cf. id. ib. 2, 797.— Adj.:

ales,

i. e. Procne, Ov. Am. 3, 12, 32:

virgines,

Lact. 1, 17, 14.—In plur., Procne and Philomele, daughters of Pandion, Ov. M. 6, 667.—Also,

An Athenian woman, Juv. 6, 187; and adj. for Attic, of Attica:

terra,

Ov. H. 10, 100.

Cēcrops, ŏpis, m., = Kekrops, the most ancient king of Attica, who went there from the Egyptian Sais, and was founder of the citadel of Athens (which is hence called Cecropia; v. infra), Hyg. Fab. 48 and 158; Cic. Leg. 2, 25, 63; Plin. 7, 56, 57, § 194; acc. to the fable, half man and half serpent;

hence, geminus,

Ov. M. 2, 555.—

Hence,

Cēcrŏpĭus, a, um, adj.

Of or pertaining to Cecrops, Cecropian; and subst.: Cēcrŏpĭa, ae, f., the citadel of Athens, built by Cecrops, Plin. 7, 56, 57, § 194:

arx,

Ov. M. 6, 70; 15, 427.—Hence, meton. for Athens, Cat. 64, 79.—Far more freq.,

Pertaining to Athens or Attica, Athenian, Attic:

fines,

the Attic territory, Lucr. 6, 1139 Lachm.:

coloni,

Prop. 2 (3), 33, 29:

Eumolpus (born at Athens),

Ov. M. 11, 93:

thymus,

Verg. G. 4, 270:

apes,

id. ib. 4, 177; Mart. 9, 14:

mel,

id. 13, 24:

cothurnus,

tragedy, which was native to Athens, Hor. C. 2, 1, 12: domūs opprobrium (on account of Procne, the daughter of the Athenian king Pandion; cf.

Atthis),

id. ib. 4, 12, 6:

fides,

i. e. the fidelity of the friends Theseus and Pirithous, Stat. S. 2, 6, 55:

dote madent pectora,

full of Athenian wisdom, Mart. 7, 69, 2; cf. id. 1, 40.—

Cēcrŏpĭdes, ae, m., a male descendant of Cecrops; voc. Cecropidā (i. e. Theseus), Ov. M. 8, 550.—Appel. for one of noble descent, Juv. 8, 46 sq.— Plur.: Cē-crŏpĭdae, ārum, Athenians, Ov. M. 7, 486; 7, 502; Mart. Cap. 4, § 424; 9, § 888.—

Cēcrŏpĭs, ĭdis ( dat. plur. Cecropidis, Lact. 1, 17, 14; voc. Cecropĭ, Ov. H. 10, 100), f., a female descendant of Cecrops; so his daughter Aglauros, Ov. M. 2, 806; cf. id. ib. 2, 797.— Adj.:

ales,

i. e. Procne, Ov. Am. 3, 12, 32:

virgines,

Lact. 1, 17, 14.—In plur., Procne and Philomele, daughters of Pandion, Ov. M. 6, 667.—Also,

An Athenian woman, Juv. 6, 187; and adj. for Attic, of Attica:

terra,

Ov. H. 10, 100.

circum-fundo, fūdi, fūsum, 3, v. a., lit. to pour out around, i.e. as in circumdo, either with the acc. of that which is poured, to pour around; or, with the acc. of that around which something is poured, to surround with a liquid (class. in prose and poetry).

Lit.

With acc. of the liquid poured (with or without dat. of the object around which):

amurcam ad oleam circumfundito,

Cato, R. R. 93:

Tigris urbi circumfunditur,

surrounds, flows round the town, Plin. 6, 27, 31, § 132.— More freq. in part. perf. pass.:

mare circumfusum urbi,

the sea flowing around the town, Liv. 30, 9, 12:

gens circumfusis invia fluminibus,

Ov. F. 5, 582:

circumfusus nobis spiritus,

Quint. 12, 11, 13:

nec circumfuso pendebat in aëre tellus,

circumambient, Ov. M. 1, 12; imitated by Tib. 4, 1, 151.—

Reflex.: circumfudit se repente nubes,

Lact. 4, 21, 1.—Once mid.: cum fervet (lac), ne circumfundatur, etc., pour itself out around, i. e. run over, Plin. 28, 9, 33, § 126; cf.:

circumfusa nubes,

Verg. A. 1, 586.—

With acc. of the object around which, etc., with or without abl. of the fluid:

(mortuum) cerā circumfuderunt,

Nep. Ages. 8, 7:

terram crassissimus circumfundit aër,

encompasses, envelops, Cic. N. D. 2, 6, 17:

terra circumfusa illo mari, quem oceanum appellatis,

id. Rep. 6, 20, 21:

et multo nebulae circum dea fudit amictu (tmesis),

Verg. A. 1, 412:

quas circumfuderat atra tempestas,

Sil. 7, 723.—

Transf. to objects that do not flow, esp. if there is a great multitude, as it were, heaped upon a thing.

(Acc. to I. 1.) Mid., to press upon, crowd around, embrace closely, cling to (freq. in the histt.):

circumfunduntur ex reliquis hostes partibus,

Caes. B. G. 6, 37; 7, 28; id. B. C. 3. 63:

equites infestis cuspidibus circumfunduntur,

Liv. 10, 36, 9; 25, 34, 9; 27, 19, 3;

44, 23, 8: (Nymphae) circumfusae Dianam Corporibus texere suis,

surrounding, Ov. M. 3, 180:

multitudo circumfusa,

Caes. B. G. 6, 34; Liv. 2, 28, 6; 4, 46, 6; Curt. 8, 14, 31; Quint. 4, 2, 37.—With the dat. of that upon which a multitude presses:

circumfundebantur obviis sciscitantes,

Liv. 22, 7, 11; 22, 14, 15; 26, 27, 10;

29, 34, 14 al.: circumfusa turba lateri meo,

id. 6, 15, 9: ut lateribus circumfundi posset equitatus. Curt. 3, 9, 12. —With acc. (depending on circum): Pacidiussuos equites exporrigere coepit... uthaberent facultatem turmas Julianas circumfundi, to surround, encompass them, Auct. B. Afr. 78 Oud. N. cr. — Poet. also of a single person: et nunc hac juveni, nunc circumfunditur illac, i. e. clings to, or closely embraces him, Ov. M. 4, 360; 14, 354; cf. with acc.:

hunc (sc. Mavortem), tu, diva, tuo recubantem corpore sancto circumfusa super,

Lucr. 1, 40.—

So once in the active voice, absol.:

circumfudit eques,

Tac. A. 3, 46.—

Trop.:

undique circumfusae molestiae,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 41, 121:

non est tantum ab hostibus aetati nostrae periculum, quantum ab circumfusis undique voluptatibus, Liv 30, 14, 6: circumfuso nitore,

Quint. 4, 1, 59.—

(Acc. to I. 2.) To enclose, environ, surround, overwhelm:

circumfusus publicorum praesidiorum copiis,

Cic. Mil. 26, 71:

praefectum castrorum circumfundunt,

Tac. A. 12, 38; so id. H. 2, 19; 4, 20; id. A. 13, 40; Plin. [p. 339] 5, 12, 13, § 67; Sil. 7, 306:

circumfusus hostium concursu,

Nep. Chabr. 4, 2:

M. Catonem vidi in bibliothecā sedentem, multis circumfusum Stoicorum libris,

Cic. Fin. 3, 2, 7; Quint. 9, 4, 91, Curt. 3, 11, 4:

amplexibus alicujus,

Vell. 2, 123, 3:

X. milia Bojorum alio latere quam exspectabatur missis legionibus circumfudit,

Front. 1, 2, 7.—

Trop.:

cum has terras incolentes circumfusi erant caligine,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 19, 45:

latent ista omnia crassis occultata et circumfusa tenebris,

id. Ac. 2, 39, 122:

ut, quantā luce ea circumfusa sunt, possint agnoscere,

id. ib. 2, 15, 46:

eos stultitiā obruit, tenebris circumfundit,

Lact. 3, 29, 14:

circumfundit, aliquem multo splendore,

Sen. Tranq. 1, 9.

circum-scrībo, psi, ptum, 3, v. a.

Prop., to draw a line around, to circumscribe, enclose in a circle (in good prose;

very freq. in Cic.): orbem,

Cic. Fin. 5, 8, 23:

lineas extremas umbrae,

Quint. 10, 2, 7:

virgulā stantem,

Cic. Phil. 8, 8, 23:

virgā regem,

Liv. 45, 12, 5:

aeneā fibulā pars auriculae latissima circumscribitur,

Col. 6, 5, 4:

terram surculo heliotropii,

Plin. 22, 21, 29, § 60.—

Trop.

To draw a line as the circumference of a thing (cf. Quint. 12, 10, 5), i. e. to define, encompass, enclose, lim it, bound, circumscribe (syn.: definio, describo, termino):

nullis ut terminis (orator) circumscribat aut definiat jus suum,

Cic. de Or. 1, 16, 70; cf.:

genus universum brevi circumscribi et definiri potest,

id. Sest. 45, 97:

exiguum nobis vitae curriculum natura circumscripsit, immensum gloriae,

id. Rab. Perd. 10, 30:

quibus regionibus vitae spatium circumscriptum est,

id. Arch. 11, 29:

ante enim circumscribitur mente sententia confestimque verba concurrunt,

id. Or. 59, 200:

locum habitandi alicui,

id. Par. 2, 18:

Oceanus undique circumscribit omnes terras et ambit,

Gell. 12, 13, 20:

uti mihi dicas et quasi circumscribas verbis, quid homo sit,

id. 4, 1, 12.—

To bring within narrow bounds, i. e. to contract, hem in, circumscribe, to hinder free action, to restrain, confine, limit, etc. (syn.: claudo, includo, coërceo).

Esp., of the restrictions or hinderances imposed by one magistracy or authority upon another:

Senatus credo praetorem eum circumscripsisset,

Cic. Mil. 33, 88 (cf. just before:

an consules in praetore coërcendo fortes fuissent),

id. Att. 7, 9, 2; id. Phil. 13, 9, 19; Caes. B. C. 1, 32; Auct. ap. Quint. 9, 3, 72:

ille se fluvio Rubicone et CC. milibus circumscriptum esse patiatur?

Cic. Phil. 6, 3, 5:

gulam et ventrem,

Sen. Ep. 108, 14:

circumscribere corpus et animo locum laxare,

id. ib. 15, 2:

laudes,

id. Cons. ad Helv. 19, 7.—

In gen.:

uno genere genus hoc aratorum,

to comprehend in one class, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 61, § 149 Zumpt:

totum Dionysium sex epitomis circumscripsit,

abridged, Col. 1, 1, 10:

ut luxuriam vilitate circumscribamus,

Plin. 22, 2, 3, § 4.—

In later medic. lang. circumscribi = minui, to abate, subside:

gravedo circumscribitur,

Cael. Aur. Tard. 5, 10; so id. Acut. 2, 10 fin. —

To encircle or go around by writing = scribendo circumdare, i. e. to deceive, cheat, circumvent, entrap, insnare (syn.:

circumvenio, decipio): fallacibus et captiosis interrogationibus circumscripti atque decepti,

Cic. Ac. 2, 15, 46; Plin. 7, 40, 41, § 131; 33, 3, 14, § 48: non circumscribetur, qui ita se gesserit, ut dicat, etc., will not be deceived, i. e. will commit no error, Sen. Q. N. 5, 1, 3; id. Ep. 82, 19.—

In mercantile lang., to deprive of money, to overreach, defraud:

adulescentulos,

Cic. Phil. 14, 3, 7; Juv. 10, 222; 14, 237:

ab Roscio HS. I[C ][C ]. circumscriptus,

Cic. Rosc. Com. 8, 24:

vectigalia,

to embezzle, Quint. Decl. 340.—

In law, to defeat the purpose of a law, a will, etc., by a forced or too literal interpretation:

legem,

Dig. 4, 3, 18 fin.:

ita circumscripto testamento,

Plin. Ep. 8, 18, 4; Front. Aquaed. 112: constitutiones, Lact. de Ira Dei, 8.—

Of circumlocution, to involve in language:

oratio rem simplicem circumscribens elocutione,

Auct. Her. 4, 32, 43; cf.:

facetis jocis sacrilegium circumscribens,

covering, Just. 39, 2, 5.—

To cancel; to declare invalid, to annul, invalidate, void, set aside (cf. circumduco, II. D.):

hoc omni tempore Sullano ex accusatione circumscripto,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 16, § 43 (sublato, circumducto, praetermisso, Ascon.):

circumscriptis igitur iis seutentiis, quas posui, etc.,

id. Fin. 3, 9, 31.—Hence, circumscriptus, a, um, P. a.

(Acc. to II. A.) In rhet., rounded into periods, periodic:

circumscripti verborum ambitus,

Cic. Or. 12, 38; cf. Auct. Her. 4, 32, 43; Quint. 12, 10, 5, and v. circumscriptio.— Adv.: circum-scriptē, in periods:

circumscripte numeroseque dicere,

Cic. Or. 66, 221: circumscripte complecti singulas res. id. N. D. 2, 59, 147.—

(Acc. to II. B.) Restricted, limited:

brevis et circumscripta quaedam explicatio,

Cic. de Or. 1, 42, 189:

(vis orationis) pressior et circumscriptior et adductior,

Plin. Ep. 1, 16, 4.— Adv.: circum-scriptē, summarily:

circumscripte et breviter ostendere,

Lact. 5, 14, 8; 5, 9, 20. — Sup. of the adj., and comp. and sup. of the adv. not in use.

congressĭo, ōnis, f. [congredior], a coming together, in a friendly or hostile manner.

A friendly meeting, interview, conference (almost confined to Cic.), Cic. Clu. 14, 41; id. Phil. 2, 18, 46; id. Top. 15, 59; id. Fam. 7, 10, 4;

opp. digressio,

id. Q. Fr. 1, 3, 4.—In plur.:

in congressionibus familiarum,

in familiar circles, Cic. Off. 1, 37, 132.—

A carnal union, copulation:

maris et feminae,

Cic. Rep. 1, 24, 38:

uxoris,

Lact. 6, 20, 25; cf. 2. congressus, I. B.—

A hostile meeting, an attack, contest (very freq. in Just., elsewhere rare, for the class. congressus), Claud. Quadrig. ap. Gell. 9, 13, 15; Just. 2, 12, 8; 4, 5, 1; 6, 4, 12; 12, 8, 4; 22, 3, 9; Lact. 3, 12, 4; 6, 6, 15 al.

cor-rĭgo ( conr-), rexi, rectum, 3, v. a. [rego], to make straight, set right, bring into order.

Lit. (rare):

catenas,

Cato, R. R. 18 fin.:

alicui digitum,

Plin. 7, 20, 19, § 83:

verbaque correctis incidere talia ceris,

smoothed out, erased, Ov. M. 9, 529: corpus informe gibbo, Aug. ap. Macr. S. 2, 4:

vulvas conversas,

Plin. 24, 5, 13, § 22; cf.:

malas labentes,

Suet. Aug. 99:

cursum (navis),

Liv. 29, 27, 14; cf.:

se flexus (fluminum),

Plin. 3, 1, 3, § 16.—

Prov.:

curva,

to attempt to make crooked straight, Plin. Ep. 5, 21, 6; Sen. Lud. Mort. Claud. 8, 3.—Far more freq. and class.,

Trop., to improve, amend, correct, make better, reform, restore, make good, compensate for, etc.

In gen.

With acc.:

aliquem corruptum ad frugem corrigere,

Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 81:

gnatum mi,

Ter. And. 3, 4, 17:

ita mutat, ut ea, quae corrigere volt, mihi quidem depravare videatur,

Cic. Fin. 1, 6, 17:

praeterita magis reprehendi possunt quam corrigi,

Liv. 30, 30, 7:

tarditatem cursu,

Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 13 (15 a), 2: errorem paenitendo, id. Fragm. ap. Lact. 6, 24; Ter. Hec. 2, 2, 12; cf.

mendum,

Cic. Att. 2, 7, 5:

delicta,

Sall. J. 3, 2:

mores (opp. corrumpere),

Cic. Leg. 3, 14, 32;

and, mores (with vitia emendare),

Quint. 12, 7, 2:

acceptam in Illyrico ignominiam,

Liv. 43, 21, 4:

quicquid corrigere est nefas,

Hor. C. 1, 24, 20:

dum resque sinit, tua corrigo vota,

Ov. M. 2, 89:

moram celeri cessataque tempora cursu,

id. ib. 10, 670:

ancipitis fortuna temporis maturā virtute correcta,

Vell. 2, 79, 5:

ut tibi sit qui te conrigere possis,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 27:

paterer vos ipsā re conrigi, quoniam verba contemnitis,

Sall. C. 52, 35:

tu ut umquam te corrigas?

Cic. Cat. 1, 9, 22:

tota civitas corrigi solet continentiā,

id. Leg. 3, 13, 30:

aliā ratione malevolus, aliā amator corrigendus,

id. Tusc. 4, 31, 65; id. Mur. 29, 60:

conscius mihi sum... corrigi me posse,

Liv. 42, 42, 8.—Esp. freq. of improving, correcting an (oral or written) discourse, Varr. L. L. 9, § 9 Müll.; Cic. Att. 15, 1, B, 2; Quint. 1, 5, 34; Hor. A. P. 438 al.; and of the orator who employs the figure correctio (v. s. v. II.):

cum corrigimus nosmet ipsos quasi reprehendentes,

Cic. Or. 39, 135. —

Absol.:

se fateri admissum flagitium: sed eosdem correcturos esse,

Liv. 5, 28, 8; cf. Suet. Caes. 56.—

In medic. lang., to heal, cure:

lentigines,

Plin. 22, 25, 74, § 156:

maciem corporis,

id. 31, 6, 33, § 66:

cutem in facie,

id. 23, 8, 75, § 144.—Hence, cor-rectus ( conr-), a, um, P. a., improved, amended, correct (very rare):

ut is qui fortuito deliquit, attentior fiat correctiorque,

Gell. 6, 14, 2.—Hence, subst.: correctus, i, m., one who is reformed:

nihil officiunt peccata vetera correcti,

Lact. 6, 24, 5.

conscĭentĭa, ae, f. [conscio], a knowing of a thing together with another person, joint knowledge, consciousness (in good prose, and very freq.).

A joint knowledge of something, a being privy to, a knowing along with others, privity, cognizance, etc.

With gen. subj.:

omnium horum,

Cic. Cat. 1, 1, 1; so,

hominum,

id. Fin. 2, 9, 28:

plurium,

Liv. 2, 54, 7:

liberti unius,

Tac. A. 6, 21; cf. Suet. Calig. 56 al.:

generis humani,

Tac. Agr. 2.—

With gen. obj. (thus for the most part in Tac.):

in conscientiam facinoris pauci asciti,

Tac. H. 1, 25:

facti,

id. A. 2, 22:

conjurationis,

id. H. 1, 42:

stupri,

Dig. 48, 5, 29.— Plur.:

consilia conscientiaeque ejus modi facinorum,

Cic. Clu. 20, 56. —

Absol.:

non modo eos persequi, ad quos maxime culpa corrupti judicii, sed etiam illos, ad quos conscientiae contagio pertinebit,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 71, § 183:

qui non modo a facti verum etiam a conscientiae suspitione afuit,

id. Cael. 10, 23:

nocte perfugit Tanagram, suam conscientiam metuens,

Liv. 33, 28, 10:

simulare,

Tac. A. 2, 40; 4, 3; cf. id. H. 1, 28; Curt. 7, 1, 31.—

Consciousness, knowledge, feeling, sense.

In gen. (rare).

With gen.:

unde haec illis tanta modestia, nisi a conscientiā virium et nostrarum et suarum?

Liv. 8, 4, 10 (cf. g); so,

contracti culpā periculi,

id. 3, 2, 11:

suae infirmitatis,

Quint. 1, 2, 10:

rebellionis,

Tac. A. 12, 31; cf.

defectionis,

id. Agr. 16:

victoriae,

id. ib. 27:

unionum in somno quoque,

Plin. 33, 3, 12, § 40:

amissae fortunae,

a recollection, Flor. 2, 12, 10:

ipsa pulcherrimi facti,

Cic. Phil. 2, 44, 114:

officii mei benevolentiaeque,

id. Fam. 3, 7, 6 fin.:

scelerum tuorum,

id. Pis. 17, 39; cf. Sall. C. 5, 7:

peccatorum,

Cic. Par. 5, 3, 40:

culpae,

Liv. 28, 19, 1 et saep.—In plur., Cic. Clu. 20, 56:

te conscientiae stimulant maleficiorum tuorum,

id. Par. 2, 2, 18; cf. under B. 2.—

With de: satisfactionem ex nullà conscientiā de culpā proponere decrevi, Cat. ap. Sall. C. 35, 2; cf. conscius, I. d—

With rel.-clause (very rare):

illi conscientia, quid abesset virium, detrectavere pugnam,

Liv. 3, 60, 6; 28, 19, 5.—

Absol.: ut nostram stabilem conscientiam contemnamus, aliorum errantem opinionem aucupemur, self-consciousness, Cic. Fin. 2, 22, 71:

illud se tacere suam conscientiam non pati,

Liv. 5, 25, 6:

in veris quoque sufficit conscientia,

consciousness, Quint. 11, 1, 17: sine hac quidem conscientiā ipsa illa ex tempore dicendi facultas inanem modo loquacitatem dabit, without this feeling, equiv. to without this persuasion, id. 10, 3, 2:

quamvis capite defectionis ablato manebat plerisque militum conscientia,

Tac. H. 1, 5.— So pregn., with ne, a conscientious fear, guilty fear, Tac. Agr. 42.—

In partic., a consciousness of right or wrong, the moral sense, conscience:

magna vis est conscientiae... in utramque partem, ut neque timeant qui nihil commiserint et poenam semper ante oculos versari putent qui peccarint,

Cic. Mil. 23, 61; cf.:

et virtutis et vitiorum grave ipsius conscientiae pondus,

id. N. D. 3, 35, 85:

bona conscientia turbam advocat, mala etiam in solitudine anxia atque sollicita est,

Sen. Ep. 43, 5:

ad purgandam publicam conscientiam,

Just. 31, 4, 3:

recta,

a good conscience, Cic. Att. 13, 20, 4; cf.

egregia,

Liv. 29, 33, 9: bona, Cels. ap. Quint. 2, 15, 32; Quint. 6, 1, 33; 9, 2, 93; Tac. Agr. 1:

optima,

Plin. Ep. 1, 12, 3:

salvā bonā conscientiā,

Sen. Q. N. 4, praef. §

15: integra,

Front. 1, 9, 3; Lact. 5, 19, 32:

mala,

a bad conscience, Sall. J. 62, 8; Quint. 12, 1, 3:

infelix,

id. 6, prooem. § 10.—

Prov.:

conscientia mille testes,

Quint. 5, 11, 41.—

Sometimes absol. for a good, or for a bad conscience.

A good conscience:

mea mihi conscientia pluris est quam omnium sermo,

Cic. Att. 12, 28, 2; cf.:

illud est hominis magni... maximi aestimare conscientiam mentis suae, etc.,

id. Clu. 58, 159:

in quibus ego nec dissentire a nostris salvā gratiā nec consentire salvā conscientiā possum,

Sen. Ep. 117, 1:

ad sacrificium integrā conscientiā venire,

Lact. 5, 19, 32; Front. Strat. 1, 9, 3.—

A bad conscience:

hunc tu quas conscientiae labes in animo censes habuisse?

Cic. Off. 3, 21, 85; id. Cat. 2, 6, 13; id. Leg. 1, 14, 40; Sall. C. 15, 4; id. J. 35, 4; Quint. 5, 13, 46.—In the same sense:

animi,

Cic. Fin. 2, 16, 53; 2, 17, 54; id. Att. 13, 49 fin.; Caes. B. C. 3, 60; Phaedr. 3, prol. 47; and in plur.:

suae (quemque) malae cogitationes conscientiaeque animi terrent,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 24, 67.

con-stĭtŭo, ŭi, ūtum, 3, v. a. [statuo], to cause to stand, put or lay down, to set, put, place, fix, station, deposit a person or thing somewhere (esp. firmly or immovably), etc. (the act. corresponding to consistere; class.).

In gen.

Prop.:

hominem ante pedes Q. Manilii constituunt,

Cic. Clu. 13, 38:

vobis (dīs) candentem taurum ante aras,

Verg. A. 5, 237:

impedimenta,

Liv. 44, 36, 6:

reliquias praedonum contractas in urbibus,

Vell. 2, 32 fin.:

unum aliquem lectorem,

Quint. 2, 5, 6:

velut in aliquā sublimi speculā constitutus,

Lact. 2, 2, 18.—

Trop.:

cum hujus vobis adulescentiam proposueritis, constituitote vobis ante oculos etiam hujus miseri senectutem,

Cic. Cael. 32, 79.—

Esp.,

Milit. t. t.

To station or post troops somewhere, to draw up, set in order:

legionem Caesar passibus CC. ab eo tumulo constituit,

Caes. B. G. 1, 43:

legiones pro castris in acie,

id. ib. 2, 8 fin.;

4, 35: aciem ordinesque intra silvas,

id. ib. 2, 19:

octo cohortes in fronte,

Sall. C. 59, 2:

quod reliquum peditum erat, obliquo constituerunt colle,

Liv. 28, 33, 8 al.:

naves ad latus apertum hostium,

Caes. B. G. 4, 25; cf.:

naves aperto ac plano litore,

id. ib. 4, 23 fin.:

naves nisi in alto,

id. ib. 4, 24:

subsidiarias (naves) in secundo ordine, Auct. B. Alex. 14, 3: classem apud Salamina exadversum Athenas,

Nep. Them. 3, 4; cf. id. Alcib. 8, 1:

praesidia in Rutenis provincialibus,

Caes. B. G. 7, 7.—Rarely of a single person: se constituere, to station or post one's self: dum se Gallus iterum eodem pacto constituere studet, Quadrig. ap. Gell. 9, 13, 17.—

In contrast with a march, to cause to halt:

paulisper agmen constituit,

Sall. J. 49, 5; so,

agmen,

Liv. 35, 28, 8; 38, 25, 12:

signa paulisper novitate rei,

id. 33, 10, 3; so,

signa,

id. 34, 20, 4.—And trop.:

si constituitur aliquando (narratio) ac non istā brevitate percurritur,

Cic. de Or. 2, 80, 328.—

With the access. idea of preparation, to set up, erect, establish, found, build, construct, prepare, make, create, constitute (class. and very freq.).

Lit.:

genus humanum, quorum omnia causā constituisse deos,

Lucr. 2, 175:

aggerem apparare, vineas agere, turres duas constituere coepit,

Caes. B. G. 7, 17:

turres,

id. ib. 2, 12:

turrim,

id. ib. 2, 30:

castella ad extremas fossas,

id. ib. 2, 8:

vineas ac testudines,

Nep. Milt. 7, 2:

locis certis horrea,

Caes. B. C. 3, 42:

inane sepulcrum,

Ov. M. 6, 568:

feralis cupressos,

Verg. A. 6, 216:

ingentem quercum in tumulo,

id. ib. 11, 6:

pyras curvo in litore,

id. ib. 11, 185:

quattuor aras ad alta delubra dearum,

id. G. 4, 542; Suet. Aug. 59 fin.:

aedem in foro geminis fratribus,

id. Caes. 10:

castra Romae,

id. Tib. 37 et saep.:

oppidum,

to found, Caes. B. C. 1, 15; Nep. Cim. 2, 2; so,

nova moenia,

Verg. A. 12, 194; cf.:

moenia in Aside terrā,

Ov. M. 9, 449:

domicilium sibi Magnesiae,

Nep. Them. 10, 2:

triplex Piraeei portus constitutus est,

id. ib. 6, 1:

hiberna omnium legionum in Belgis,

Caes. B. G. 3, 38:

di primum homines humo excitatos celsos et erectos constituerunt,

Cic. N. D. 2, 56, 140.—

Trop., to bring about, effect, establish, appoint, etc., freq. of judicial determinations, etc.: videte, [p. 438] per deos immortalis, quod jus nobis, quam condicionem vobismet ipsis, quam denique civitati legem constituere velitis, to establish, Cic. Caecin. 14, 40:

jus melius Sullanis praediis quam paternis,

id. Agr. 3, 3, 10:

judicium,

id. Part. Or. 28, 99:

judicium de pecuniis repetundis,

id. Div. in Caecil. 4, 11:

judicium capitis in se,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 54, § 141:

controversiam,

id. de Or. 1, 31, 143:

quaestionem,

Quint. 3, 11, 17; 4, 2, 10:

ratiocinationem,

id. 5, 14, 12:

in hac accusatione comparandā constituendāque laborare,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 1, § 2; and of persons, to designate, appoint, select, put forward, etc.:

accusatorem,

id. Div. in Caecil. 3, 10; Quint. 3, 10, 3 (cf.:

comparare accusatorem,

Cic. Clu. 67, 191):

testis,

Cic. Verr. 1, 18, 55:

tutores pupillis,

Dig. 2, 1, 1 et saep.:

nuper apud C. Orchivium collegam meum locus ab judicibus Fausto Sullae de pecuniis residuis non est constitutus,

no trial of him was permitted, Cic. Clu. 34, 94:

reum statim fecit, utique ei locus primus constitueretur impetravit,

id. ib. 20, 56:

fidem,

id. Part. Or. 9, 31; cf. id. Sen. 18, 62:

concordiam,

id. Att. 8, 11, D, 1:

si utilitas amicitiam constituet, tollet eadem,

id. Fin. 2, 24, 78:

amicitiam tecum,

Q. Cic. Pet. Cons. 7, 27 (cf. id. ib. §

25: amicitiae permultae comparantur): libertatem,

Cic. Fl. 11, 25:

victoriam,

id. Rosc. Am. 6, 16:

pacem (opp. bellum gerere),

id. ib. 8, 22:

quantum mali sibi ac liberis suis,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 25, § 65.—

With the access. idea of ordering, contriving, to establish, fix, appoint, settle, order, manage; to confirm, regulate, arrange, dispose.

Lit.:

Ti. et C. Gracchos plebem in agris publicis constituisse,

to have established, Cic. Agr. 2, 5, 10; cf. id. ib. 2, 31, 83:

ibi futuros Helvetios, ubi eos Caesar constituisset,

should assign them a permanent abode, Caes. B. G. 1, 13:

reges in civitate,

Cic. Agr. 2, 6, 15; cf. id. Off. 2, 12, 41:

Commium regem ibi,

Caes. B. G. 4, 21:

decemviralem potestatem in omnibus urbibus,

Nep. Lys. 2, 1; cf. Cic. Agr. 2, 7, 17:

curatores legibus agrariis,

id. ib.; cf.:

publice patronum huic causae,

id. Mur. 2, 4:

regnum alicui,

Nep. Chabr. 2, 1 al.:

composita et constituta res publica,

Cic. Leg. 3, 18, 42; cf.:

bene morata et bene constituta civitas,

id. Brut. 2, 7; so id. Agr. 2, 5, 10 fin.:

civitates,

to organize, id. de Or. 1, 9, 35:

quis tibi concesserit... reliquas utilitates in constituendis civitatibus... a disertis ornateque dicentibus esse constitutas,

id. ib. 1, 9, 36:

Chersoneso tali modo constituto,

Nep. Milt. 2, 4:

res summā aequitate,

id. ib. 2, 2; cf.:

rem nummariam,

Cic. Off. 3, 20, 80:

rem familiarem,

id. Phil. 11, 2, 4.—

Trop.:

ineuntis aetatis inscitia senum constituenda et regenda prudentiā est,

Cic. Off. 1, 34, 122; cf.:

majores vestri majestatis constituendae gratiā bis Aventinum occupavere,

Sall. J. 31, 17; Cic. Fam. 15, 4, 6:

jam perfectis constitutisque viribus,

Quint. 10, 1, 57.— Pass. impers.: non tam sinistre constitutum est, ut non, etc., i. e. we are not so badly off as not, etc., Plin. Pan. 45, 5.—Of persons:

Athenaeum in maximā apud regem auctoritate gratiāque,

Cic. Fam. 15, 4, 6:

aliquem sibi quaestoris in loco,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 30, § 77:

in potestate aliquem,

Lact. Epit. 55, 6:

constituuntur in honoribus, cum magistratus creantur,

Aug. Cont. adv. Leg. 1, 45 al. —

With the access. idea of limiting, fixing, allotting, to fix, appoint something ( for or to something), to settle, agree upon, define, determine.

Lit.:

propter dissensionem placuerat dividi thesauros finesque imperii singulis constitui,

Sall. J. 12, 1:

summum pretium,

Cic. Att. 12, 31, 2; cf.:

pretium frumento,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 73, § 171:

certam pecuniam proconsulibus,

Suet. Aug. 36; id. Ner. 10:

propria loca senatoribus,

id. Claud. 21:

diem nuptiis,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 180; cf.:

nuptias in hunc diem,

Ter. And. 1, 5, 34:

diem concilio,

Caes. B. G. 1, 30:

diem colloquio,

id. ib. 1, 47:

posterum diem pugnae,

id. ib. 3, 23 fin.:

negotio proximum diem,

Sall. J. 93, 8:

certum tempus ei rei,

Caes. B. C. 3, 19:

grandiorem aetatem ad consulatum,

Cic. Phil. 5, 17, 47:

tempus in posterum diem locumque,

Liv. 38, 25, 2:

postquam ad constitutam non venerat diem,

id. 27, 16, 16:

locus, tempus constitutum est,

Ter. Eun. 3, 4, 3:

modum credendi,

Cic. Rab. Post. 3, 5: de numero pastorum alii angustius, alii laxius constituunt:

ego in octogenas hirtas oves singulos pastores constitui, Atticus in centenas,

Varr. R. R. 2, 10, 10.—

T. t. of the lang. of business, to accord, agree with one in a thing, to appoint, fix, to concert, agree upon, assent to (cf. Gron. Obss. p. 14 sq.); constr. aliquid cum aliquo, alicui, inter se, or with acc. only, or absol.

Cum aliquo:

ubiea dies, quam constituerat cum legatis venit,

Caes. B. G. 1, 8:

pactam et constitutam esse cum Manlio diem,

Cic. Cat. 1, 9, 24:

constitui cum quodam hospite, Me esse illum conventuram,

Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 120:

constitui cum hominibus, quo die mihi Messanae praesto essent,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 27, § 65: cum aliquo, ut, etc., Aug. ap. Suet. Calig. 8; cf. under P. a., B. 2.—

Alicui:

L. Cincio HS. XXCD. constitui me curaturum Idibus Febr.,

Cic. Att. 1, 7 init.; id. Off. 1, 10, 32:

ubi nocturnae Numa constituebat amicae,

Juv. 3, 12; cf.:

sane, inquit, vellem non constituissem, in Tusculanum me hodie venturum esse, Laelio,

id. de Or. 1, 62, 265.—

With acc. only or absol.:

vadimonia constituta,

Cic. Sen. 7, 21:

de pecuniā constitutā,

Dig. 13, tit. 5; Ter. Heaut. 4, 4, 4:

(Vaccenses) compositis inter se rebus in diem tertiam constituunt,

Sall. J. 66, 2:

sic constituunt, sic condicunt,

Tac. G. 11; Juv. 6, 487.— Pass. impers.:

Avillius, ut erat constitutum, simulat se aegrotare,

Cic. Clu. 13, 37.—

Trop.:

constituendi sunt qui sint in amicitiā fines deligendi,

Cic. Lael. 16, 56:

si forte quaereretur quae esset ars imperatoris, constituendum putarem principio, quis esset imperator: qui cum esset constitutus administrator quidam belli gerendi, tum adjungerem, etc. (for which, soon after, definire),

id. de Or. 1, 48, 210; cf. C. 1. supra, and Quint. 12, 1, 1:

nondum satis constitui molestiaene plus an voluptatis attulerit mihi Trebatius noster,

Cic. Fam. 11, 27, 1:

ut constitueret, honestum esse aliquid quod, etc.,

id. Off. 2, 3, 9:

bona possessa non esse constitui,

id. Quint. 29, 89:

de hoc Antigonus cum solus constituere non auderet, ad consilium retulit,

Nep. Eum. 12, 1.—

With the access. idea of resolving, to determine to do something, to take a resolution, to resolve, decide, determine.

With inf.:

si quis mare Neptunum Cereremque vocare Constituit fruges,

Lucr. 2, 656:

cohortes duas in Nantuatibus collocare,

Caes. B. G. 3, 1:

bellum cum Germanis gerere,

id. ib. 4, 6:

Romanorum adventum exspectare atque ibi decertare,

id. ib. 4, 19:

desciscere a rege,

Nep. Dat. 5, 5.—

With acc. and inf.:

audio constitutum esse Pompeio et ejus consilio in Siciliam me mittere,

Cic. Att. 7, 7, 4. —

With interrog.-clause:

quantum pecuniae quaeque civitas daret, Aristides delectus est, qui constitueret,

Nep. Arist. 3, 1. —

With ut:

rus uti irem, jam heri constitueram,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 136:

constitueram, ut pridie Idus Aquini manerem,

Cic. Att. 16, 10, 1:

constituimus inter nos ut ambulationem conficeremus,

id. Fin. 5, 1, 1:

Lentulus cum ceteris constituerant, uti, etc.,

Sall. C. 43, 1.—Hence, constĭtūtus, a, um, P. a.

Adj. (acc. to B.), constituted, arranged, disposed:

bene constitutum corpus,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 6, 17:

viri sapientes et bene naturā constituti,

id. Sest. 65, 137:

quotus quisque philosophorum invenitur, qui sit ita moratus, ita animo ac vitā constitutus, ut ratio postulat,

id. Tusc. 2, 4, 11:

qui integri sunt et sani et bene constituti de rebus domesticis,

id. Sest. 45, 97.—

(Acc. to C.) Fixed, established:

cursus siderum,

Quint. 1, 10, 46:

discrimina (opp. fortuita),

id. 5, 10, 42:

jam confirmatae constitutaeque vocis,

id. 11, 3, 29.—

Subst.: constĭtūtum, i, n.

(Acc. to B.) An institution, ordinance, law (mostly postclass.), Cod. Th. 1, 11, 5; 12, 41, 1.—

Trop.:

cum videas ordinem rerum et naturam per constituta procedere,

according to established laws, Sen. Q. N. 3, 16, 2.—

(Acc. to D. 1. b.) An agreement, appointment, accommodation; a compact (in good prose):

ante rem quaeruntur, quae talia sunt, apparatus, conloquia, locus, constitutum, convivium,

Cic. Top. 12, 52; so absol., id. Att. 11, 16, 2; id. Cael. 8, 20:

rescripsit constitutum se cum eo habere,

id. Att. 12, 23, 3:

constitutum factum esse cum servis, ut venirent, etc.,

id. Cael. 25, 61; and humorously: si quod constitutum cum podagra habes, fac ut in alium diem differas, id. Fam. 7, 4; so,

ad constitutum venire,

Varr. R. R. 2, 5, 1; Cic. Caecin. 12, 33:

se proripu it,

Suet. Oth. 6;

and without a verb,

Cic. Att. 12, 1, 1; Flor. 2, 6, 16 (but in Vell. 2, 110, 1, the better read. is consili).

contrārĭus, a, um, adj. [contra], lying or being over against, opposite.

In gen.

Prop., of places (syn. adversus):

collis adversus huic et contrarius,

Caes. B. G. 2, 18; cf.:

contraria tigna iis (tignis),

id. ib. 4, 17, 5; and:

gemma soli,

Plin. 37, 9, 47, § 131:

contrario amne,

against the stream, id. 21, 12, 43, § 73:

tellus,

Ov. M. 1, 65; cf. id. ib. 13, 429:

ripa,

Dig. 41, 1, 65:

auris,

Plin. 24, 10, 47, § 77:

contraria vulnera ( = adversa vulnera),

in front, on the breast, Tac. H. 3, 84:

in contrarias partes fluere,

Cic. Div. 1, 35, 78; cf.:

tignis in contrariam partem revinctis,

Caes. B. G. 4, 17; cf.

. si pelles utriusque (hyaenae et pantherae) contrariae suspendantur,

Plin. 28, 8, 27, § 93:

contrario ictu uterque transfixus,

by a blow from the opposite direction, Liv. 2, 6, 9.— With inter se, Plin. 4, 11, 18, § 49.—With atque, Cic. Rep. 6, 17, 17.—Far more freq. and class. in prose and poetry,

Transf., of other objects.

In gen., opposite, contrary, opposed (syn. diversus); constr. with the gen., dat., inter se, atque, or absol.

With gen.:

hujus virtutis contraria est vitiositas,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 15, 34; id. Inv. 2, 54, 165; id. Fin. 4, 24, 67 Madv. N. cr.; Quint. 5, 10, 49 al.—

With dat.:

voluptas honestati,

Cic. Off. 3, 33, 119:

fortuna rationi et constantiae,

id. Div. 2, 7, 18; cf. id. Top. 11, 46 sq.:

vitium illi virtuti,

Quint. 11, 3, 44:

rusticitas urbanitati,

id. 6, 3, 17:

pes bacchio,

id. 9, 4, 102:

color albo,

Ov. M. 2, 541:

aestus vento,

id. ib. 8, 471 et saep. —

With inter se:

orationes inter se contrariae Aeschinis Demosthenisque,

Cic. Opt. Gen. 5, 14; so id. de Or. 2, 55, 223; Quint. prooem. § 2; 1, 10, 6; 10, 1, 22.—

With atque:

versantur retro contrario motu atque caelum,

Cic. Rep. 6, 17, 17.—

Absol.:

aut bono casu aut contrario,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 12, 36:

monstrum ex contrariis diversisque inter se pugnantibus naturae studiis conflatum,

id. Cael. 5, 12:

ardor,

Lucr. 3, 252:

exemplum,

Quint. 5, 11, 7:

jus,

id. 5, 11, 32:

leges,

conflicting, id. 3, 6, 43; Dig. 1, 3, 28: actiones, cross-suits, Gai Inst. 4, 174 al.:

latitudo quā contrariae quinqueremes commearent,

going in opposite directions, Suet. Ner. 31:

disputandum est de omni re in contrarias partis,

on both sides, Cic. de Or. 1, 34, 158:

ex contrariā parte dicere,

id. Inv. 1, 18, 26:

in contrariam partem adferre aliquid,

id. de Or. 2, 53, 215 al. —

Esp., subst.: contrārĭum, ii, n., the opposite, contrary, reverse.

In gen.:

contrarium decernebat ac paulo ante decreverat,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 46, § 120:

si ea rex vult, quae Thebanis sint utilia... sin autem contraria, etc.,

Nep. Epam. 4, 2:

dum vitant stulti vitia, in contraria currunt,

Hor. S. 1, 2, 24; cf.: diversaeque vocant animum in contraria curae, in opposite directions, Verg A. 12, 487:

ut auctoris sortem in contraria mutet,

Ov. M. 3, 329:

in contraria versus,

transformed, id. ib. 12, 179.—With gen.:

contraria earum (artium)... vitia quae sunt virtutum contraria,

Cic. Fin. 4, 24, 67:

fidentiae contrarium est diffidentia,

id. Inv. 2, 54, 165; cf. Quint. 5, 10, 49.—With dat.:

quis non diversa praesentibus contrariaque exspectatis aut speret aut timeat,

Vell. 2, 75, 2: qui contraria Deo faciat, Lact. de Ira, 3, 3.—With quam:

qui contraria faciat quam Deus,

Lact. 3, 29, 13; Aug. Civ. Dei, 8, 24; Claud. in Eutr. 2, 267.—

As rhet. fig., the antithesis, contrast, opposite, Cic. Inv. 1, 28, 42; Auct. Her. 4, 19, 27; Jul. Ruf. Schem. Lex. § 11.—

Adverb. phrases:

ex contrario,

on the conirary, on the other hand, Caes. B. G. 7, 30; Cic. Rosc. Com. 16, 47; id. Inv. 2, 8, 25; Quint. 6, 1, 16:

e contrario,

Nep. Iphicr. 1, 4; id. Ham. 1, 2; id. Att. 9, 3; id. Eum. 1, 5 (al. contrario without e); Quint. 1, 5, 43;

rarely ex contrariis,

Quint. 8, 5, 9; 8, 5, 18; 10, 1, 19;

11, 3, 39 al.—In the same sense, but more rarely, in contrarium,

Plin. 18, 24, 54, § 197:

per contrarium,

Dig. 2, 4, 8, § 1; 2, 15, 8; 28, 1, 20 al.—

In partic.

Of weight: aes contrarium, weighed against, = antirropon, Paul. ex Fest. p. 64, 12 Müll.; cf. Scalig. ad Plaut. Ep. 3, 3, 30.—

Of hostile opposition, inimical, hostile, hurtful, pernicious, etc. (more rare than adversarius, and mostly poet. or in post-Aug. prose):

contrariis dis,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 70 Müll.:

Averna avibus cunctis,

dangerous, destructive, Lucr. 6, 741; cf.:

usus lactis capitis doloribus,

Plin. 28, 9, 33, § 130:

hyssopum stomacho,

id. 25, 11, 87, § 136:

quam (sc. perspicuitatem) quidam etiam contrariam interim putaverunt,

injurious, disadvantageous, Quint. 4, 2, 64 Spald.; cf.:

philosophia imperaturo,

Suet. Ner. 52:

exta,

unfavorable, id. Oth. 8:

saepe quos ipse alueris, Tibi inveniri maxime contrarios,

hostile, Phaedr. 4, 11, 17:

litora litoribus contraria, fluctibus undas Imprecor,

Verg. A. 4, 628; cf. id. ib. 7, 293.— Subst.: contrārĭus, ii, m., an opponent, antagonist; plur., Vitr. 3, praef. 2.— Adv.: con-trārĭē, in an opposite direction, in a different manner:

sidera procedentia,

Cic. Univ 9 med.:

scriptum,

id. Part. Or. 31, 108:

relata verba,

id. de Or. 2, 65, 263:

dicere,

Tac. Or. 34.

contrārĭus, a, um, adj. [contra], lying or being over against, opposite.

In gen.

Prop., of places (syn. adversus):

collis adversus huic et contrarius,

Caes. B. G. 2, 18; cf.:

contraria tigna iis (tignis),

id. ib. 4, 17, 5; and:

gemma soli,

Plin. 37, 9, 47, § 131:

contrario amne,

against the stream, id. 21, 12, 43, § 73:

tellus,

Ov. M. 1, 65; cf. id. ib. 13, 429:

ripa,

Dig. 41, 1, 65:

auris,

Plin. 24, 10, 47, § 77:

contraria vulnera ( = adversa vulnera),

in front, on the breast, Tac. H. 3, 84:

in contrarias partes fluere,

Cic. Div. 1, 35, 78; cf.:

tignis in contrariam partem revinctis,

Caes. B. G. 4, 17; cf.

. si pelles utriusque (hyaenae et pantherae) contrariae suspendantur,

Plin. 28, 8, 27, § 93:

contrario ictu uterque transfixus,

by a blow from the opposite direction, Liv. 2, 6, 9.— With inter se, Plin. 4, 11, 18, § 49.—With atque, Cic. Rep. 6, 17, 17.—Far more freq. and class. in prose and poetry,

Transf., of other objects.

In gen., opposite, contrary, opposed (syn. diversus); constr. with the gen., dat., inter se, atque, or absol.

With gen.:

hujus virtutis contraria est vitiositas,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 15, 34; id. Inv. 2, 54, 165; id. Fin. 4, 24, 67 Madv. N. cr.; Quint. 5, 10, 49 al.—

With dat.:

voluptas honestati,

Cic. Off. 3, 33, 119:

fortuna rationi et constantiae,

id. Div. 2, 7, 18; cf. id. Top. 11, 46 sq.:

vitium illi virtuti,

Quint. 11, 3, 44:

rusticitas urbanitati,

id. 6, 3, 17:

pes bacchio,

id. 9, 4, 102:

color albo,

Ov. M. 2, 541:

aestus vento,

id. ib. 8, 471 et saep. —

With inter se:

orationes inter se contrariae Aeschinis Demosthenisque,

Cic. Opt. Gen. 5, 14; so id. de Or. 2, 55, 223; Quint. prooem. § 2; 1, 10, 6; 10, 1, 22.—

With atque:

versantur retro contrario motu atque caelum,

Cic. Rep. 6, 17, 17.—

Absol.:

aut bono casu aut contrario,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 12, 36:

monstrum ex contrariis diversisque inter se pugnantibus naturae studiis conflatum,

id. Cael. 5, 12:

ardor,

Lucr. 3, 252:

exemplum,

Quint. 5, 11, 7:

jus,

id. 5, 11, 32:

leges,

conflicting, id. 3, 6, 43; Dig. 1, 3, 28: actiones, cross-suits, Gai Inst. 4, 174 al.:

latitudo quā contrariae quinqueremes commearent,

going in opposite directions, Suet. Ner. 31:

disputandum est de omni re in contrarias partis,

on both sides, Cic. de Or. 1, 34, 158:

ex contrariā parte dicere,

id. Inv. 1, 18, 26:

in contrariam partem adferre aliquid,

id. de Or. 2, 53, 215 al. —

Esp., subst.: contrārĭum, ii, n., the opposite, contrary, reverse.

In gen.:

contrarium decernebat ac paulo ante decreverat,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 46, § 120:

si ea rex vult, quae Thebanis sint utilia... sin autem contraria, etc.,

Nep. Epam. 4, 2:

dum vitant stulti vitia, in contraria currunt,

Hor. S. 1, 2, 24; cf.: diversaeque vocant animum in contraria curae, in opposite directions, Verg A. 12, 487:

ut auctoris sortem in contraria mutet,

Ov. M. 3, 329:

in contraria versus,

transformed, id. ib. 12, 179.—With gen.:

contraria earum (artium)... vitia quae sunt virtutum contraria,

Cic. Fin. 4, 24, 67:

fidentiae contrarium est diffidentia,

id. Inv. 2, 54, 165; cf. Quint. 5, 10, 49.—With dat.:

quis non diversa praesentibus contrariaque exspectatis aut speret aut timeat,

Vell. 2, 75, 2: qui contraria Deo faciat, Lact. de Ira, 3, 3.—With quam:

qui contraria faciat quam Deus,

Lact. 3, 29, 13; Aug. Civ. Dei, 8, 24; Claud. in Eutr. 2, 267.—

As rhet. fig., the antithesis, contrast, opposite, Cic. Inv. 1, 28, 42; Auct. Her. 4, 19, 27; Jul. Ruf. Schem. Lex. § 11.—

Adverb. phrases:

ex contrario,

on the conirary, on the other hand, Caes. B. G. 7, 30; Cic. Rosc. Com. 16, 47; id. Inv. 2, 8, 25; Quint. 6, 1, 16:

e contrario,

Nep. Iphicr. 1, 4; id. Ham. 1, 2; id. Att. 9, 3; id. Eum. 1, 5 (al. contrario without e); Quint. 1, 5, 43;

rarely ex contrariis,

Quint. 8, 5, 9; 8, 5, 18; 10, 1, 19;

11, 3, 39 al.—In the same sense, but more rarely, in contrarium,

Plin. 18, 24, 54, § 197:

per contrarium,

Dig. 2, 4, 8, § 1; 2, 15, 8; 28, 1, 20 al.—

In partic.

Of weight: aes contrarium, weighed against, = antirropon, Paul. ex Fest. p. 64, 12 Müll.; cf. Scalig. ad Plaut. Ep. 3, 3, 30.—

Of hostile opposition, inimical, hostile, hurtful, pernicious, etc. (more rare than adversarius, and mostly poet. or in post-Aug. prose):

contrariis dis,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 70 Müll.:

Averna avibus cunctis,

dangerous, destructive, Lucr. 6, 741; cf.:

usus lactis capitis doloribus,

Plin. 28, 9, 33, § 130:

hyssopum stomacho,

id. 25, 11, 87, § 136:

quam (sc. perspicuitatem) quidam etiam contrariam interim putaverunt,

injurious, disadvantageous, Quint. 4, 2, 64 Spald.; cf.:

philosophia imperaturo,

Suet. Ner. 52:

exta,

unfavorable, id. Oth. 8:

saepe quos ipse alueris, Tibi inveniri maxime contrarios,

hostile, Phaedr. 4, 11, 17:

litora litoribus contraria, fluctibus undas Imprecor,

Verg. A. 4, 628; cf. id. ib. 7, 293.— Subst.: contrārĭus, ii, m., an opponent, antagonist; plur., Vitr. 3, praef. 2.— Adv.: con-trārĭē, in an opposite direction, in a different manner:

sidera procedentia,

Cic. Univ 9 med.:

scriptum,

id. Part. Or. 31, 108:

relata verba,

id. de Or. 2, 65, 263:

dicere,

Tac. Or. 34.

cŏrō̆na (in the ante-Aug. per. sometimes written chorona, acc. to Quint. 1, 5, 20; cf. the letter C), ae, f., = korônê, a garland, chaplet, wreath.

Lit., of natural or artificial flowers, etc. (very freq. used for personal adornment at festivals, when sacrificing, or as a gift for friends, etc., for ornamenting the images of the gods, edifices, victims, the dead, etc.), Lucr. 5, 1399; Lex XII. Tab. ap. Plin. 21, 3, 5, § 7; Plaut. Men. 3, 1, 16; Cic. Fl. 31, 75; id. Leg. 2, 24, 60; Liv. 23, 11, 5; 38, 14, 5; Curt. 4, 2, 2; 4, 4, 5; Hor. C. 1, 26, 8; id. Ep. 2, 2, 96; Tac. A. 2, 57; 15, 12; 16, 4; id. H. 2, 55 et saep.:

coronas bibere,

i. e. to throw into the cup leaves plucked from the garlands, Plin. 21, 3, 9, § 12. Vid. the artt. sacerdotalis, funebris, sepulchralis, convivialis, nuptialis, natalitia, Etrusca, pactilis, plectilis, sutilis, tonsa or tonsilis, radiata, and pampinea.— Poet.:

perenni fronde corona,

i. e. immortal, poetic renown, Lucr. 1, 119.—As emblem of royalty, a crown:

regni corona = diadema,

Verg. A. 8, 505. —Concerning the different kinds of garlands or crowns given to soldiers as a prize of bravery (castrensis or vallaris, civica, muralis, navalis or rostrata, obsidionalis, triumphalis, oleagina, etc.), v. Gell. 5, 6; Dict. of Antiq.; and the artt. castrensis, civicus, muralis, etc.—

Esp.: corona fidei, the crown of martyrdom (eccl. Lat.), Cypr. Ep. 58; 60; Lact. Epit. 72, 23;

and corona alone,

Lact. 4, 25, 10; id. Mort. Pers. 16, 11.—

Sub coronā vendere, t. t. of the lang. of business, to sell captives as slaves (since they were crowned with chaplets; cf. Caelius Sabinus ap. Gell. 7, 4, 3;

and corono, I.),

Caes. B. G. 3, 16; Liv. 42, 63, 12; so,

sub coronā venire,

id. 9, 42, 8; 38, 29, 11; 41, 11, 8:

sub coronā venundari,

Tac. A. 13, 39; id. H. 1, 68:

sub coronā emere,

Varr. R. R. 2, 10, 4.—

As a constellation.

The northern crown (according to the fable, the crown of Ariadne transferred to heaven;

v. Ariadna),

Cic. Arat. 351 sq.; Caes. German. Arat. 71;

called Gnosia stella Coronae,

Verg. G. 1, 222:

Cressa Corona,

Ov. A. A. 1, 558:

Ariadnea Corona,

Manil. 5, 21; cf. also Ov. M. 8, 181; Plin. 18, 26, 60, § 224 al.—

The southern crown, Caes. German. Arat. 391.—

Meton., of objects in the form of a crown.

Most freq., a circle of men, an assembly, crowd, multitude (esp. of judicial assemblies), Cic. Fl. 28, 69; id. Phil. 2, 44, 112; id. Mil. 1, 1; id. Fin. 2, 22, 74; Quint. 12, 10, 74; Suet. Aug. 93 al.; Cat. 53, 1; Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 53; Ov. M. 13, 1 al.—Hence,

Milit. t. t., the besiegers round a hostile place, the line of siege or circumvallation, Caes. B. G. 7, 72; Liv. 10, 43, 1; 23, 44, 3; Curt. 4, 6, 10 al.—Also, a circle of men for the defence of a place, Liv. 4, 19, 8.—

In arch., the cornice, Vitr. 5, 2; Plin. 36, 24, 59, § 183.—

In the agrimensores, an elevated ridge of land as a boundary line, Cato, R. R. 6, 3; Front. Col. 114 and 131 Goes.—

The hairy crown over the horse's hoof, Col. 6, 29, 3; Veg. Art. Vet. 1, 13, 1.—

Montium, a circular ridge of mountains, Plin. 6, 20, 23, [p. 472] § 73.—

The halo round the sun (for the Gr. halôs), Sen. Q. N. 1, 2, 1.

cor-rĭgo ( conr-), rexi, rectum, 3, v. a. [rego], to make straight, set right, bring into order.

Lit. (rare):

catenas,

Cato, R. R. 18 fin.:

alicui digitum,

Plin. 7, 20, 19, § 83:

verbaque correctis incidere talia ceris,

smoothed out, erased, Ov. M. 9, 529: corpus informe gibbo, Aug. ap. Macr. S. 2, 4:

vulvas conversas,

Plin. 24, 5, 13, § 22; cf.:

malas labentes,

Suet. Aug. 99:

cursum (navis),

Liv. 29, 27, 14; cf.:

se flexus (fluminum),

Plin. 3, 1, 3, § 16.—

Prov.:

curva,

to attempt to make crooked straight, Plin. Ep. 5, 21, 6; Sen. Lud. Mort. Claud. 8, 3.—Far more freq. and class.,

Trop., to improve, amend, correct, make better, reform, restore, make good, compensate for, etc.

In gen.

With acc.:

aliquem corruptum ad frugem corrigere,

Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 81:

gnatum mi,

Ter. And. 3, 4, 17:

ita mutat, ut ea, quae corrigere volt, mihi quidem depravare videatur,

Cic. Fin. 1, 6, 17:

praeterita magis reprehendi possunt quam corrigi,

Liv. 30, 30, 7:

tarditatem cursu,

Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 13 (15 a), 2: errorem paenitendo, id. Fragm. ap. Lact. 6, 24; Ter. Hec. 2, 2, 12; cf.

mendum,

Cic. Att. 2, 7, 5:

delicta,

Sall. J. 3, 2:

mores (opp. corrumpere),

Cic. Leg. 3, 14, 32;

and, mores (with vitia emendare),

Quint. 12, 7, 2:

acceptam in Illyrico ignominiam,

Liv. 43, 21, 4:

quicquid corrigere est nefas,

Hor. C. 1, 24, 20:

dum resque sinit, tua corrigo vota,

Ov. M. 2, 89:

moram celeri cessataque tempora cursu,

id. ib. 10, 670:

ancipitis fortuna temporis maturā virtute correcta,

Vell. 2, 79, 5:

ut tibi sit qui te conrigere possis,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 27:

paterer vos ipsā re conrigi, quoniam verba contemnitis,

Sall. C. 52, 35:

tu ut umquam te corrigas?

Cic. Cat. 1, 9, 22:

tota civitas corrigi solet continentiā,

id. Leg. 3, 13, 30:

aliā ratione malevolus, aliā amator corrigendus,

id. Tusc. 4, 31, 65; id. Mur. 29, 60:

conscius mihi sum... corrigi me posse,

Liv. 42, 42, 8.—Esp. freq. of improving, correcting an (oral or written) discourse, Varr. L. L. 9, § 9 Müll.; Cic. Att. 15, 1, B, 2; Quint. 1, 5, 34; Hor. A. P. 438 al.; and of the orator who employs the figure correctio (v. s. v. II.):

cum corrigimus nosmet ipsos quasi reprehendentes,

Cic. Or. 39, 135. —

Absol.:

se fateri admissum flagitium: sed eosdem correcturos esse,

Liv. 5, 28, 8; cf. Suet. Caes. 56.—

In medic. lang., to heal, cure:

lentigines,

Plin. 22, 25, 74, § 156:

maciem corporis,

id. 31, 6, 33, § 66:

cutem in facie,

id. 23, 8, 75, § 144.—Hence, cor-rectus ( conr-), a, um, P. a., improved, amended, correct (very rare):

ut is qui fortuito deliquit, attentior fiat correctiorque,

Gell. 6, 14, 2.—Hence, subst.: correctus, i, m., one who is reformed:

nihil officiunt peccata vetera correcti,

Lact. 6, 24, 5.

dē-ĭcĭo or dejicio, jēci, jectum, 3, v. a. [jacio], to throw or cast down; to hurl down, precipitate (very freq., and class.).

Lit.

In gen.:

araneas de foribus et de pariete,

Plaut. Stich. 2, 2, 31:

aliquem de ponte in Tiberim,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 35, 100; cf.:

aliquem e ponte,

Suet. Caes. 80:

aliquem de saxo (Tarpeio),

Liv. 5, 47; 6, 20; Hor. S. 1, 6, 39; cf.

aliquem saxo Tarpeio,

Tac. A. 6, 19:

aliquem equo,

Caes. B. G. 4, 12, 5; Liv. 4, 19:

jugum servile a cervicibus,

Cic. Phil. 1, 2, 6:

togam ab umeris,

Suet. Aug. 52; cf.:

togam de umero,

id. Caes. 9 al.; esp. reflex. with pron.:

se de muro,

Caes. B. C. 1, 18, 3; cf.:

se de superiore parte aedium,

Nep. Dion, 4 fin.:

se per munitiones,

Caes. B. G. 3, 26, 5:

se a praealtis montibus (venti),

Liv. 28, 6:

librum in mare,

Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 14; cf.:

aliquem in locum inferiorem,

Caes. B. G. 5, 44, 12:

aliquem e summo in Tartara,

Lucr. 5, 1124:

elatam securim in caput (regis),

Liv. 1, 40; cf. id. 7, 10:

equum e campo in cavam hanc viam,

force to leap down, id. 23, 47:

bustum aut monumentum, aut columnam,

Cic. Leg. 2, 26; so,

statuas veterum hominum (c. c. depellere simulacra deorum),

id. Cat. 3, 8, 19:

monumenta regis templaque Vestae,

Hor. Od. 1, 2, 15:

signa aenea in Capitolio (tempestas),

Liv. 40, 2:

omnes Hermas,

Nep. Alcib. 3:

turrim,

Caes. B. C. 2, 22; cf.

arces,

Hor. Od. 4, 14, 13 et saep.:

arbores,

to fell, Liv. 21, 37, 2; Vitr. 2, 9, 4:

caput uno ictu,

to cut off, Verg. A. 9, 770; id. ib. 10, 546:

libellos,

to tear down, Cic. Quint. 6, 27; Sen. Ben. 4, 12 (but Caes. B. G. 3, 15, antemnis disjectis is the true reading): comam, Afran. ap. Non. 514, 2; cf.:

crinibus dejectis,

loose, dishevelled, Tac. A. 14, 30:

sortes,

to cast into the urn, Caes. B. C. 1, 6, 5:

dejectam aerea sortem accepit galea,

Verg. A. 5, 490 sq.:

cum dejecta sors esset,

Liv. 21, 42; cf.:

pernam, glandium,

to throw into the pot, Plaut. Stich. 2, 2, 36:

alvum,

to purge, Cato R. R. 158; cf.:

casei caprini, qui facillimi deiciantur,

i. e. are most easily digested, Varr. R. R. 2, 11, 3;

opp. alvum superiorem,

i. e. to vomit, Cato R. R. 156, 2.—

Esp.

Milit. t. t., to drive out, dislodge an enemy from his position: hostes muro turribusque dejecti, Caes. B. G. 7, 28; cf.:

nostri dejecti sunt loco,

id. ib. 7, 51:

praesidium ex saltu,

id. B. C. 1, 37 fin.; cf.:

agmen Gallorum ex rupe Tarpeia,

Liv. 7, 10:

ex tot castellis,

id. 44, 35:

praesidium Claternā,

Cic. Phil. 8, 2, 6; cf.:

praesidium loco summe munito,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 30: praesidium (without abl.), Caes. B. G. 7, 36, 7; id. B. C. 3, 23, 2; Liv. 4, 53 al.:

castra hostium,

to destroy, id. 25, 14:

praetorium,

id. 41, 2 et saep.—

Jurid. t. t., to drive out, turn out of possession, eject, dispossess (cf. deduco):

unde vi prohibitus sis... unde dejectus?

Cic. Caecin. 13; cf. id. ib. 17, 50:

nisi ex eo loco ubi vestigium impresserit, deici neminem posse,

id. ib. 27, 76 fin.:

aliquem de possessione imperii,

Liv. 45, 22.—

Naut. t. t., pass.: deici, to be driven out of one's course:

naves ad inferiorem partem insulae,

Caes. B. G. 4, 28, 2:

classis tempestate vexata ad Balearīs insulas deicitur,

Liv. 23, 34, 16; id. 23, 40, 6.—

Pregn. (cf.: cado, concĭdo, decĭdo; caedo, concīdo, decīdo, etc.), to fell with a mortal wound, to bring down dead to the ground; to kill, slay:

his dejectis et coacervatis cadaveribus,

Caes. B. G. 2, 27, 4; 4, 12; id. B. C. 1, 46; 3, 51; cf.:

quem telo primum, quem postremum aspera virgo Deicis?

Verg. A. 11, 665:

avem ab alto caelo,

id. ib. 5, 542; cf. id. ib. 11, 580:

Glaucoque bovem Thetidique juvencam Deicit Ancaeus,

i. e. slaughters as a sacrifice, Val. Fl. 1, 191:

super juvencum stabat dejectum leo,

Phaedr. 2, 1, 1:

(Hercules) aves sagittis dejecit,

Lact. 1, 9, 2:

gruem,

Verg. A. 11, 580.—

To lower, let down, hang down, depress, of the head, etc. (cf. II. A. infra):

dejecto capite (opp. supino capite),

Quint. 11, 3, 69.—Of a nod (opp. relato capite), Apul. Met. 10.—Of a wild beast:

id (caput) dejectum semper in terram,

Plin. 8, 21, 32, § 77:

in pectora mentum,

Ov. M. 12, 255:

euntes dejecta cervice Getae,

Claud. VI. Cons. Hon. 180.—

Trop.

In gen.:

pueri Sisennae oculos de isto numquam deicere,

never took their eyes off him, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 15; cf. id. ib. 2, 5, 71:

oculos a republica,

id. Phil. 1, 1:

dejecit vultum et demissa voce locuta est,

cast down her eyes, Verg. A. 3, 320; cf.:

oculos in terram,

Quint. 1, 11, 9 al.;

and in Gr. construction, dejectus oculos,

with downcast eyes, Verg. A. 11, 480:

dejectus vultum,

Stat. Th. 3, 367:

ecquid ergo intellegis quantum mali de humana condicione dejeceris?

thou hast removed, averted, Cic. Tusc. 1, 8; cf.:

quantum de doloris terrore,

id. ib. 2, 5, 14:

vitia a se ratione,

id. ib. 4, 37, 80; cf.:

cruciatum a corpore (with depellere omnia verbera),

id. Verr. 2, 5, 62:

hunc metum Siciliae,

id. ib. 2, 5, 49 fin.:

quae replenda vel deicienda sunt,

Quint. 10, 4, 1:

eum de sententia dejecistis,

hast diverted from his opinion, Cic. Phil. 9, 4, 8:

fortis et constantis est, non tumultuantem de gradu deici, ut dicitur,

id. Off. 1, 23, 80; cf. id. Att. 16, 15, 3.—

In partic. (acc. to no. I. B. 2.), to cast one down from the prospect of a thing; to prevent from obtaining, to deprive, rob of:

de honore deici,

Cic. Verr. 1, 9, 25:

de possessione imperii,

Liv. 45, 22, 7;

for which, ad deiciendum honore eum,

Liv. 39, 41;

and, dejecti honore,

id. 3, 35; so with simple abl.:

aliquem aedilitate,

Cic. Verr. 1, 8, 23:

aedilitate,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 8, § 23:

praeturā,

id. Mur. 36, 76:

principatu,

Caes. B. G. 7, 63, 8:

certo consulatu,

Liv. 40, 46, 14:

spe,

id. 44, 28, 1:

ea spe,

Caes. B. G. 1, 8, 4; cf.:

opinione trium legionum (i. e. spe trium legionum colligendarum),

id. ib. 5, 48:

conjuge tanto,

Verg. A. 3, 317. —Without abl.: M. Caelium mentio illa fatua... subito dejecit, etc., Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 4, 3:

cum inimicum eo quoque anno petentem dejecisset,

Liv. 38, 35:

uxorem (sc. conjugio),

Tac. A. 11, 29 fin.:

hoc dejecto,

after his fall, Nep. Thras. 3, 1; cf. Tac. A. 2, 3; Luc. 8, 27:

ex alto dejectus culmine regni,

Sil. 17, 143.—

To humble:

deicimur, sed non perimus,

Vulg. 2 Cor. 4, 9:

deiciendi hominis causa,

Lact. 4, 27, 17.—Hence, dejectus, a, um, P. a. (very rare).

Sunk down, low:

equitatus noster etsi dejectis atque inferioribus locis constiterat,

Caes. B. C. 1, 46, 3:

dejectius,

Tert. adv. Marc. 1, 6 fin. —

(Acc. to no. II. B., deprived of hope; hence) Cast down, dejected, dispirited:

haud dejectus equum duci jubet,

Verg. A. 10, 858; cf.: [p. 535] haud sic dejecta, Stat. Th. 3, 315:

in epilogis plerumque dejecti et infracti sumus,

Quint. 9. 4, 138.— Sup. does not occur.—

* Adv. dējectē, low; only comp., dejectius, Tert. adv. Marc. 2, 27 fin.

dē-spēro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. n. and a., to be hopeless; to have no hope of, to despair of, to give up (freq. and class.).—Constr. most freq. with de, the acc., or acc. and inf.; less freq. with the dat. or absol.

With de (in Cic. rarely):

de sua virtute aut de ipsius diligentia,

Caes. B. G. 1, 40, 4:

de pugna,

id. ib. 1, 40, 8:

de officio imperatoris,

id. ib. 1, 40, 10,:

de expugnatione,

id. ib. 7, 36:

de salute,

id. ib. 7, 85, 3:

de republica,

Cic. Att. 8, 11, D, §

6: de summa rerum,

Liv. 26, 41: de se, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 21, 3; Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 2; 9, 15, 5; Lact. 6, 24, 1; Sen. Tranq. An. 5, 2.—

With acc. (in Caes. only in the part. perf.):

honores,

Cic. Cat. 2, 9:

honorem,

id. Mur. 21, 43:

rempublicam,

id. Fam. 12, 14, 3:

pacem,

id. Att. 8, 15, 3:

voluntariam deditionem,

Liv. 23, 14:

membra invicti Glyconis,

Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 30; Sen. Ep. 29, 3; 104, 12.—In the pass.:

sive restituimur, sive desperamur,

Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 3, 7; Quint. 1, 10, 8:

hujus salus desperanda est,

Cic. Lael. 24, 90; cf.:

nil desperandum Teucro duce,

Hor. Od. 1, 7, 27:

desperatis nostris rebus,

Caes. B. G. 2, 24, 4; cf. id. ib. 3, 26, 5:

desperata salute,

id. ib. 3, 3, 3 et saep.:

desperato improviso tumultu,

Liv. 10, 14 et saep.— Middle: desperatis hominibus, who gave themselves up, i. e. were desperately resolved, desperate, Caes. B. G. 7, 3.—

With acc. and inf.:

ego non despero fore aliquem aliquando, qui, etc.,

Cic. de Or. 1, 21, 95; id. Div. 2, 21, 48; Quint. 5, 12, 3; Hor. A. P. 150; Ov. M. 9, 724 et saep.—

With dat.:

saluti,

Cic. Clu. 25, 68:

oppido,

id. Pis. 34 fin.:

rebus tuis,

id. ib. 36, 89:

suis fortunis,

Caes. B. G. 3, 12, 3:

sibi,

id. ib. 7, 50, 4; Cic. Mur. 21 fin.:

saluti suae,

id. Clu. 25.—

Absol.:

sive habes aliquam spem de republica sive desperas,

Cic. Fam. 2, 5; id. Off. 1, 21 fin.; Quint. 2, 4, 10; 12 prooem. § 2; Ov. M. 10, 371 et saep.:

spem habere a tribuno plebis, a senatu desperasse,

Cic. Pis. 6.—Hence, *

dēspēranter, adv., hopelessly, despairingly:

loqui secum,

Cic. Att. 14, 18, 3.—

dēspērātus, a, um, P. a., given up, despaired of, irremediable, desperate (most freq. in Cic.):

exercitum collectum ex senibus desperatis,

Cic. Cat. 2, 3:

remedium aegrotae ac prope desperatae reipublicae,

id. Div. in Caecil. 21, 70; cf.:

reipublicae morbi,

id. Sull. 27 fin.:

collegium,

id. Leg. 3, 10, 24:

desperatas pecunias exigere,

id. Mur. 20 fin. et saep.:

desperatos vocant, quia corpori suo minime parcunt (of the Christians),

Lact. 5, 9, 12. —Prov.:

desperatis Hippocrates vetat adhibere medicinam,

Cic. Att. 16, 15, 5.— Comp.:

haec nunc multo desperatiora,

Cic. Fam. 7, 22.— Sup.:

perfugium,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 41 fin.: spes, Balb. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 7, B, § 2.—

* Adv., dēspērātē, desperately:

non desperate sollicitus,

Aug. Ep. ad Celer. 237.