dēspēranter

* * *

dē-spēro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. n. and a., to be hopeless; to have no hope of, to despair of, to give up (freq. and class.).—Constr. most freq. with de, the acc., or acc. and inf.; less freq. with the dat. or absol.

With de (in Cic. rarely):

de sua virtute aut de ipsius diligentia,

Caes. B. G. 1, 40, 4:

de pugna,

id. ib. 1, 40, 8:

de officio imperatoris,

id. ib. 1, 40, 10,:

de expugnatione,

id. ib. 7, 36:

de salute,

id. ib. 7, 85, 3:

de republica,

Cic. Att. 8, 11, D, §

6: de summa rerum,

Liv. 26, 41: de se, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 21, 3; Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 2; 9, 15, 5; Lact. 6, 24, 1; Sen. Tranq. An. 5, 2.—

With acc. (in Caes. only in the part. perf.):

honores,

Cic. Cat. 2, 9:

honorem,

id. Mur. 21, 43:

rempublicam,

id. Fam. 12, 14, 3:

pacem,

id. Att. 8, 15, 3:

voluntariam deditionem,

Liv. 23, 14:

membra invicti Glyconis,

Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 30; Sen. Ep. 29, 3; 104, 12.—In the pass.:

sive restituimur, sive desperamur,

Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 3, 7; Quint. 1, 10, 8:

hujus salus desperanda est,

Cic. Lael. 24, 90; cf.:

nil desperandum Teucro duce,

Hor. Od. 1, 7, 27:

desperatis nostris rebus,

Caes. B. G. 2, 24, 4; cf. id. ib. 3, 26, 5:

desperata salute,

id. ib. 3, 3, 3 et saep.:

desperato improviso tumultu,

Liv. 10, 14 et saep.— Middle: desperatis hominibus, who gave themselves up, i. e. were desperately resolved, desperate, Caes. B. G. 7, 3.—

With acc. and inf.:

ego non despero fore aliquem aliquando, qui, etc.,

Cic. de Or. 1, 21, 95; id. Div. 2, 21, 48; Quint. 5, 12, 3; Hor. A. P. 150; Ov. M. 9, 724 et saep.—

With dat.:

saluti,

Cic. Clu. 25, 68:

oppido,

id. Pis. 34 fin.:

rebus tuis,

id. ib. 36, 89:

suis fortunis,

Caes. B. G. 3, 12, 3:

sibi,

id. ib. 7, 50, 4; Cic. Mur. 21 fin.:

saluti suae,

id. Clu. 25.—

Absol.:

sive habes aliquam spem de republica sive desperas,

Cic. Fam. 2, 5; id. Off. 1, 21 fin.; Quint. 2, 4, 10; 12 prooem. § 2; Ov. M. 10, 371 et saep.:

spem habere a tribuno plebis, a senatu desperasse,

Cic. Pis. 6.—Hence, *

dēspēranter, adv., hopelessly, despairingly:

loqui secum,

Cic. Att. 14, 18, 3.—

dēspērātus, a, um, P. a., given up, despaired of, irremediable, desperate (most freq. in Cic.):

exercitum collectum ex senibus desperatis,

Cic. Cat. 2, 3:

remedium aegrotae ac prope desperatae reipublicae,

id. Div. in Caecil. 21, 70; cf.:

reipublicae morbi,

id. Sull. 27 fin.:

collegium,

id. Leg. 3, 10, 24:

desperatas pecunias exigere,

id. Mur. 20 fin. et saep.:

desperatos vocant, quia corpori suo minime parcunt (of the Christians),

Lact. 5, 9, 12. —Prov.:

desperatis Hippocrates vetat adhibere medicinam,

Cic. Att. 16, 15, 5.— Comp.:

haec nunc multo desperatiora,

Cic. Fam. 7, 22.— Sup.:

perfugium,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 41 fin.: spes, Balb. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 7, B, § 2.—

* Adv., dēspērātē, desperately:

non desperate sollicitus,

Aug. Ep. ad Celer. 237.