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1 διακροτέω
Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > διακροτέω
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2 συγκροτέω
A strike together, σ. τὼ χεῖρε clap the hands for joy, X.Cyr.2.2.5, Ath.10.420c;ταῖς χερσίν LXXNu.24.10
; smite them together in grief or anger, Luc.Somn.14; σ. τοὺς ὀδόντας ὑπὸ τρόμου, ὑπὸ τοῦ κρύους, Id.JTr.45, Cat.20.2 abs., clap, applaud, Polem.Call.62; join in applauding, Eun.VSp.484B.:—[voice] Pass., to be applauded, X.Smp.8.1.2 metaph., σ. ὀνόματα weld words together into unities, Pl.Cra. 409c, 415d, 416b; of style, λέξις συγκεκροτημένη pithy, terse, D.H.Dem.18, Isoc.2, etc.c weld a number of men into one body, i.e. organize them,τὸν χορόν D.21.17
;σύνδειπνον Plu.2.528b
([voice] Pass.);πότον Luc. Gall.12
([voice] Pass.);ξυνωμοσίαν Id.Phal.1.4
;γάμους Ach.Tat.2.11
; esp. of military or naval forces, collect, levy, σ. δύναμιν, στράτευμα, Hdn.1.9.1, 2.14.6, cf. Aristid.2.157J.; μίαν Λάκαινάν τις ὑβρίζων κοινὸν πόλεμονἐφ' ἑαυτὸν συγκροτεῖ Chor.29.80
F.-R.:—[voice] Pass.,ἐκεῖνό μοι φράσον, εἰ πάλαι ξυγκροτεῖται αὐτοῖς ἡ ἔρις Luc.JTr.33
; πόλεμος.. ἐπὶ ὑπηκόους συνεκροτεῖτο was being waged against subjects, Chor.3.11 F.-R.d train, D.L.7.185:—[voice] Pass., ib.31: freq. in [tense] pf. part. [voice] Pass. συγκεκροτημένος, well-trained, disciplined, ναῦς συγκεκρ. X.HG6.2.12; ;εἰς πολεμικὴν ἄσκησιν Hdn.7.2.2
;συγκεκρ. πληρώματα Plb.1.61.3
;ἑταιρεῖαι Plu.Lys.13
.e ἐπιτήρει δὲ καὶ ἡμέραν καὶ ὥραν ἐν ᾗ συγκροτεῖται μάλιστα ὁ χρησμός on which the oracle works best, Astramps.Orac. p.3.f assist, help, συγκροτῆσε (i.e. - ῆσαι)τὸν εὐγενῆ Παῦλον POxy.1872.2
(v/vi A.D.); συγκροτεῖ·.. συμπράττει, Suid.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > συγκροτέω
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3 προσκρούω
+ V 0-0-0-1-2=3 Jb 40,23; 2 Mc 13,19; Sir 13,2to knock against, to strike against Sir 13,2; to rush up into [εἴς τι] (of a river) Jb 40,23 -
4 προσβάλλω
A strike, dash against,ποτὶ σκῆπτρον βάλε γαίῃ Il.1.245
; ἁψῖδα πέτρῳ π. letting it dash against.., E.Hipp. 1233; τὸν πρὶν ὄλβον ἕρματι π. having wrecked his happiness on a reef, A.Eu. 564 (lyr.); π. τινὰς ὥσπερ θηρία τινί set them on him, D.18.322; of attacking,πύλαισι.. π. λόχον A.Th. 460
;π. δόρυ τισί E.Ph. 728
;παισὶ χεῖρα Id.Alc. 307
; but freq. without any notion of violence, apply, μαλακὰν χέρα π. [ἕλκει], of a surgeon, Pi.P.4.271; of cupping instruments, Hp.VM22 ([voice] Pass.), Aen.Tact.11.14, Gal.11.93: generally,τὰ μὲν αὐτὰ προσέβαλε S.Tr. 844
(lyr.); προσβαλοῦσ' ὅσα.. εἶπε applying, carrying out.., ib. 580;τι πρός τι Pl.Ti. 36b
;τὴν ὄψιν πρός τι Id.Tht. 193c
; mostlyτί τινι, παρειὰν π. παρηΐδι E.Hec. 410
;κλιμάκων ὀρθοστάτας πύλῃσιν Id.Supp. 498
;ὄμματα τέκνοις Id.Med. 860
(lyr.):—[voice] Pass., κέρασι χρυσᾶ στόμια προσβεβλημένοις having golden mouthpieces affixed, A.Fr. 185.b Math., draw a straight line to meet, ποτί c. acc., Archim.Spir.6, al.2 assign to, procure for,κέρδος ἡμῖν Hdt.7.51
; [Λακεδαιμονίοισι] Ὀλυμπιάδα gave them the honour of an Olympic victory, Id.6.70; π. ἄσην τῷ πατρί cause him distress, Id.1.136;π. μελέταν σοφισταῖς Pi.I.5(4).29
;κακὸν πόλει A.Pers. 781
;μοι διπλᾶς ὁδούς Id.Pr. 951
;ἐμοὶ ὠδῖνας S.Tr.42
;εὔκλειαν σαυτῇ τε κἀμοί Id.El. 974
;μή σοί τιν' αἰσχρὰν π. κληδόνα E. Alc. 315
; π. τινὶ ἔγκλημα, αἰτίαν, Antipho 4.2.4,3.2.4;π. τινὶ αἰσχύνην Pl.Lg. 878c
; π. δεῖμα πατρί, Lat. incutere timorem alicui, E. Ion 584;ὀργὰς ἀκόρεστά τε νείκη Id.Med. 640
(lyr.);συμφορὰς καὶ νόσους τισί Lys.Fr.53
; ὅρκον π. τινί lay an oath upon him, S.Tr. 255; π. τὴν ἑαυτῶν μορφήν τισι contribute their own form, i.e. be like them, Ael.NA14.12.b knock down to a bidder at auction,οἰκίαν PEleph.25.4
(iii B.C.):—[voice] Med., UPZ 114i24 (ii B.C.).c place at a buyer's disposal,αὐτῷ ἱερεῖα PCair.Zen.161.5
(iii B.C.):—[voice] Med., προσεβαλόμεθα τὰ παρ' ἡμῶν we accepted an offer for our crop.., ib.354.22 (iii B.C.).d deliver corn as payment,προσβέβληκεν ἐπὶ θησαυρὸν PRyl.200.1
(ii A.D.), cf. POxy.1440.1 (ii A.D.), etc.; pay in money, PRyl.217.1 (ii A.D., [voice] Pass.), PLond.3.1164 (k) 19 (iii A.D., [voice] Pass.).3 with acc. of the object struck, ἀρούρας π., of the Sun, strike the earth with his rays, Il.7.421, Od.19.433;μή σε π. πέμφιξ A.Fr. 205
; of smells, ;ὀσμὴ π. τὰς ῥῖνας Ael.NA13.21
; χρῶμα οὔτε τὸ προσβάλλον οὔτε τὸ προσβαλλόμενον neither that which strikes [the eye] nor that which is struck, Pl.Tht. 154a; τοὺς ἄνδρας ἠχὼ π. Philostr.VA6.26;π. σε τὸ λιτὸν καὶ αὐτοφυὲς τῆς μούσης Philostr.Jun.Im.10
.4 with acc. of the thing thrown, ἀτμὸν βαρὺν π. D.S.2.12 (v.l. προβ-), cf. Ael.NA14.22;τράγου ὀσμήν Dsc.4.50
;πνοιήν τινι Luc.Syr.D. 30
; of taste, γευσαμένῳ ὅμοιόν τι μήλῳ π. Dsc.4.6, cf. Gal.Vict. Att.1.3: also c. gen., τὰ κρέα ἰχθύων π. sends [a smell] of fish, Str.15.2.2; κνίσης π. Ael.NA14.27; ἰχθυηρᾶς ὀσμῆς π. ib.20: metaph., to be redolent of, τέχνης, Στωικῆς ταλαιπωρίας, Phld.Rh. 2.218,293 S.5 c. dat., attend to, οἷς εἴπαμεν ib.271 S.: abs., Plot.5.5.10.6 μή μ' ἀνάγκῃ προσβάλῃς τάδ' εἰκαθεῖν do not drive me by force to.., S.OC 1178.7 add, throw into the bargain, Antiph.206.5; add an ingredient, Philum.Ven.10.2, Sammelb. 7350.9 (iii/iv A.D.).II intr., strike against, make an attack or assault upon, ; αὐτοῖς, ἀλλήλοις, E.Ph. 724, Th. 1.49; τῇ Οἰνόῃ, τῷ φρουρίῳ, etc., Id.2.19,93, etc.; alsoπρὸς τὸ τεῖχος Hdt.3.155
, 9.86;πρὸς τὰ τείχη Lys.14.33
;πρὸς τὴν πόλιν Th.2.56
;πρὸς τοὺς ὁπλίτας X.An.6.3.6
; πρὸς τὸν λόφον ib.4.2.11: abs., attack, charge, Hdt.7.211, 9.22,25; προσβαλὼν αἱρεῖ τὴν πόλιν by assault, X.HG1.6.13.2 put in with a ship,ἐς τὸν λιμένα Th.8.101
;πρὸς Τάραντα Id.6.44
: c. dat., Σικελίᾳ ib.4;Ἰωνίᾳ Id.8.12
, cf. SIG456.36 (Cos, iii B.C.).3 generally, collide, ; impinge,πρὸς ὄψιν ἢ πρὸς ἀκοήν Id.R. 401c
, cf. Arist.Col. 792a20;ὀσμὴ π. τινί Thphr.HP9.7.1
, D.S.2.19; of winds, Arist.Pr. 947a22; σεισμὸς τῇ Κρήτῃ π. Philostr.VA4.34; π. τοῖς ἄρχουσιν approach them, Plu.Nic.30;ἐκ τῆς Ἀσίας τῇ Ἀττικῇ Id.Phoc.21
; light upon, in argument, Anon.Lond.37.54.B [voice] Med., ταύτην οὔτ' ἔπεϊ προτιβάλλεαι, οὔτε τι ἔργῳ payest no heed to, Il.5.879; but also, throw oneself upon another's protection, A.R.4.1046; π. γυναικὶ περὶ ἀφροδίτης make advances, Sch.Ar.Eq. 514; associate with oneself, Opp.H.5.98.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > προσβάλλω
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5 ἐλαύνω
ἐλαύνω, Il.12.62, etc.: [dialect] Ion. [tense] impf. ἐλαύνεσκον ([etym.] ἀπ-) Hdt.7.119: [tense] fut. ἐλάσω [ᾰ], part.Aἐλάσοντας X.An.7.7.55
codd., cf.D.H.2.36, ([etym.] ἐξ-) Hp.Loc.Hom.46, Nat.Mul.32 ( ἐλάσσω ([etym.] παρ- ) is f.l. in Il.23.427, and ξυνελάσσομεν is subj. in Od.18.39);ἐλάω A.R.3.411
; [dialect] Att. ἐλῶ, ᾷς, ᾷ, inf. ἐλᾶν, also Hdt.1.207, etc., and so Hom. in the resolved formἐλόω Il.13.315
, Od.7.319: inf. ἐλάαν (though this is also inf. [tense] pres., v. infr.) Il.17.496, Od.5.290: [tense] aor. 1 ἤλᾰσα, [dialect] Ep.ἔλᾰσα Il.5.80
,ἔλασσα 18.564
, [dialect] Ion. [ per.] 3sg.ἐλάσασκεν 2.199
: [tense] pf. ἐλήλᾰκα ([etym.] ἀπ-, ἐξ-) X.Cyr.4.2.10, Ar.Nu. 828: [tense] plpf. ἐληλάκειν ([etym.] ἐξ-) Hdt.5.90:— [voice] Med. (v. infr. 1.2), [tense] fut. ἐλάσομαι ([etym.] παρ-) dub. l. in Arr.An.3.30.3: [tense] aor.ἠλασάμην Il.11.682
, rare in [dialect] Att., as Pl.Grg. 484b; [ per.] 3sg.ἤλσατο Ibyc.55
; [dialect] Ep. ἐλάσαιο, -ασαίατο, -ασσάμενος, Od.20.51, Il.10.537, Od.4.637:—[voice] Pass., [tense] fut. ἐλασθήσομαι ([etym.] ἐξ-) D.H.4.9: [tense] aor. ἠλάθην [ᾰ] E.Heracl. 430, Ar.Ec.4; laterἠλάσθην AP7.278
(Arch.), Sammelb. 997 (iv A.D.), ([etym.] ἐξ-, συν-) Plb.8.24.9, 18.22.6, etc. (in Hdt. the Mss. vary between the two forms,ἐξελαθείς 7.165
,ἀπηλάσθησαν 3.54
): [tense] pf.ἐλήλαμαι Od.7.113
, Hdt.7.84 ([etym.] ἐξ-), etc.;ἐλήλασμαι Hp.Mul. 2.133
, Aen.Tact.31.4 (prob.), ([etym.] ἐξ-) Plb.6.22.4, ([etym.] συν-) A.D.Conj.233.30: [tense] plpf.ἠλήλατο Il.5.400
; poet. alsoἐλήλατο 4.135
; [ per.] 3pl. , also ἐληλέδατ', ἐληλέατ', ἐληλάδατ' vv.ll. in Od.7.86.— The [tense] pres. [full] ἐλάω is rare and mainly Poet., imper.ἔλα Pi.I.5(4).38
, A.Fr. 332, E.HF 819, Fr.779.1 (also non-thematic [ per.] 3pl. ([place name] Cos)): inf.ἐλᾶν Canthar.4
, X.HG2.4.32: inf. ἐλάαν as [dialect] Ep.inf.[tense] pres. is freq. in Hom. (v. infr.1.2): part.ἐλάουσα Emp.4.5
: [tense] impf. [ per.] 3pl.ἔλων Od.4.2
, [ per.] 3sg.ἔλαεν A.R.3.872
;ἀπ-έλα X.Cyr.8.3.32
; but ἀπ-ήλαον in Ar.Lys. 1001 is prob. an error for - ήλα'αν, [dialect] Dor. for - ήλασαν:—radic. sense, drive, set in motion, of driving flocks,εἰς εὐρὺ σπέος ἤλασε μῆλα Od.9.237
;κακοὺς δ' ἐς μέσσον ἔλασσεν Il.4.299
; [tense] aor. [voice] Med. ἠλασάμην in act. sense, 10.537, 11.682: freq. of horses, chariots, ships, drive, ἐλάαν (inf. [tense] pres.)ἅρμα καὶ ἵππους 23.334
;ἐς τὴν ἀγορὴν τὸ ζεῦγος Hdt. 1.59
; ἐ. ἵππον ride it, Id.4.64, al.; κέλητας καὶ ἅρματα ἐ. ride and drive, Id.7.86; ἐ. νῆα row it, Od.12.109, etc.; στρατὸν ἐ. Pi.O.10(11).66, Hdt. 1.176, 4.91, etc.b with acc. omitted, intr., go in a chariot, drive, μάστιξεν δ' ἐλάαν (sc. ἵππους ) he whipped them on, Il.5.366, al., cf. S.El. 734, 739; βῆ δ' ἐλάαν ἐπὶ κύματα he drove on over the waves, Il. 13.27; διὰ νύκτα ἐλάαν travel the night through, Od.15.50; ἐς τὸ ἄστυ ἐ. drive into the city, Hdt.1.60; ἐπὶ ζευγέων ἐ. ib. 199; ride, Id.7.88, X.Eq.Mag.3.9, etc.; ἐλῶν ἐς Θρηΐκην marching.., Hdt.9.89, etc.; row,μάλα σφοδρῶς ἐλάαν Od.12.124
; ἐλαύνοντες rowers, 13.22, etc.c in this intr. sense, it sts. took an acc. loci, γαλήνην ἐλαύνειν to sail the calm sea, i.e. over it, 7.319; so τὰ ἕσπερα νῶτ' ἐ. E.El. 731 (lyr.); also ἐλαύνειν δρόμον run a course, Ar.Nu.28;ὁδόν D.P. 586
.d [voice] Pass., [ νηῦς] ἐλαυνομένη a ship under way, Od.13.155 (butπλοῖα ὑπὸ σκληρῶν ἀνέμων ἐλαυνόμενα Ep.Jac.3.4
); τὰ κατάντη ἐλαύνεσθαι, of horses, to be ridden on steep ground, X.Eq.Mag.8.3.2 drive away, carry off, in Hom. of stolen cattle or horses,βοῶν ἀρίστας Od.12.353
;ἵππους Il.5.236
;ἐ. ὅ τι δύναιντο X.HG4.8.18
:—[voice] Med., Od.4.637, 20.51;ῥύσι' ἐλαυνόμενος Il.11.674
, etc.3 drive away, expel,ἐ. [τινὰ] ἐκ δήμου 6.158
;ἄνδρας ἀπ' Οἰνώνας Pi.N.5.16
: freq. in Trag.,ἐ. τινὰ γῆς E.Med.70
; μύσος, μίασμα ἐ., A.Ch. 967 codd., Eu. 283 ([voice] Pass.), cf. S.OT98; ἄγος ἐ.,= ἀγηλατέω, Th.1.126;ἐ. λῃστάς Ar.Ach. 1188
, etc.:—[voice] Pass.,γῆν πρὸ γῆς ἐλαύνομαι A.Pr. 682
.4 drive (to extremities), persecute, plague, οἵ μιν ἄδην ἐλόωσι.. πολέμοιο who will harass him till he has had enough of war, Il.13.315; ἔτι μέν μίν φημι ἄδην λάαν κακότητος I think I shall persecute him till he has had enough, Od.5.290;θεὸς ἐλαύνει πόλιν S.OT28
;Ἰωνίαν ἤλασεν βίᾳ A.Pers. 771
; ;σὺ δ' ἀπειλεῖς πᾶσιν, ἐλαύνεις πάντας Id.21.135
, cf. 173:—[voice] Pass.,ἐλαυνομένων καὶ ὑβριζομένων Id.18.48
;λύπῃ πᾶς ἐλήλαται κακῇ S.Aj. 275
;κακοῖς πρός τινος E.Andr.31
;ὑπ' ἀνάγκης καὶ οἴστρου Pl.Phdr. 240d
;τὴν ψυχὴν ἐρωτικῇ μανίᾳ Ael.NA14.18
; ἐλαύνεσθαι τὴν γνώμην to be out of one's mind, Philostr.VS2.27.5.5 = βινέω, Ar.Ec.39, Pl. Com.3.4.6 intr. in expressions like ἐς τοσοῦτον ἤλασαν they drove it so far (where πρᾶγμα must be supplied), Hdt.5.50;ἐς πᾶσαν κακότητα Id.2.124
; εἰς κόρον ἐλαύνειν push matters till disgust ensued, Tyrt.11.10; εἰς ἴσον (sc. τισί) Onos.Praef.4: hence, push on, go on,ἐγγὺς μανιῶν E.Heracl. 904
(lyr.); ἔξω τοῦ φρονεῖν Id.*ba. 853; πόρρω ἐ. σοφίας go far in.., Pl.Euthphr.4b, cf. Grg. 486a, X.Cyr.1.6.39.2 strike with a weapon, but never with a missile,τὸν σκήπτρῳ ἐλάσασκεν Il.2.199
;ξίφει ἤλασε κόρσην 5.584
;κόρυθος φάλον ἤλασεν 13.614
; ὀδόντας ἐ. knock out, A.R.2.785: c. dupl. acc., τὸν μὲν.. μεταδρομάδην ἔλασ' ὦμον him he struck on.., Il. 5.80; χθόνα δ' ἤλασε παντὶ μετώπῳ struck earth with his forehead, of a falling man, Od.22.94: c. acc. cogn., inflict a wound,οὐλὴν τήν ποτέ με σῦς ἤλασε 21.219
:—[voice] Pass., c. acc.νῶτον ὄπισθ' αἰχμῇ δουρὸς ἐληλαμένος Tyrt.11.20
;ἐλαύνεται εἰς τὸν μηρόν Luc.Tox.61
.3 strike one thing against another,πρὸς γῆν ἐ. κάρη Od.17.237
; of weapons, drive through,διαπρὸ χαλκὸν ἔλασσε 22.295
; [δόρυ] διὰ στήθεσφιν ἔλασσε Il.5.57
, cf. 20.269;ἤλασε Λυγκέος ἐν πλευραῖσι χαλκόν Pi.N.10.70
:—[voice] Pass., go through, Il.4.135, 13.595; to be fixed in, ;διὰ [σφονδύλου] διαμπερὲς ἐληλάσθαι Pl.R. 616e
.III metaph.,1 beat out metal, forge,ἀσπίδα.. ἣν ἄρα χαλκεὺς ἤλασεν Il.12.296
; πέντε πτύχας ἤλασε beat out five plates, 20.270; περὶ δ' ἕρκος ἔλασσε κασσιτέρου make a fence of beaten tin (with a play on signf. 2), 18.564; εὐνὴ Ἡφαίστου χερσὶν ἐληλαμένη χρυσοῦ a bed of beaten gold, Mimn.12.6; σίδηρος λεπτῶς ἐληλ. Plu.Cam.41.2 draw a line of wall, trench, etc.,ἀμφὶ δὲ τάφρον ἤλασαν Il.7.450
;ἀμφὶ δὲ τεῖχος ἔλασσε πόλει Od.6.9
;σταυροὺς δ' ἐκτὸς ἔλασσε 14.11
;τοῖχοι ἐληλέατ' 7.86
; τεῖχος τοὺς ἀγκῶνας ἐς τὸν ποταμὸν ἐλήλαται the wall has its angles carried down to the river, Hdt.1.180, cf. 185, 191; ἐληλαμέναι πέρι πύργον having a wall built round, A.Pers. 872 (lyr.); ὄγμον ἐλαύνειν work one's way down a ridge or swathe in reaping or mowing, Il.11.68;ἐ. αὔλακα Hes. Op. 443
; ἀμπελίδος ὄρχον ἐ. to draw a line of vines, i.e. plant them in line, Ar.Ach. 995: generally, plant, produce,ἐλᾷ τέσσαρας ἀρετὰς αἰών Pi.N.3.74
.3 κολῳὸν ἐλαύνειν prolong, keep up the brawl, Il. 1.575.4ἐξ ὄσσων ἐς γαῖαν ἐ. δάκρυ E.Supp.96
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6 πταίω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `to nudge, to crash into, to stumble, to err, to have bad luck' (IA.); rarely trans. `to knock over' (Pi. fr. 205, LXX).Other forms: Aor. πταῖσαι, fut. πταίσω, also perf. (Youngatt., hell.) ἔπταικα, pass. (late) πταισθῆναι, ἔπταισμαι.Compounds: Also with prefix, esp. προσ-.Derivatives: πταῖσμα ( πρόσ- πταίω) n. `push, fault, misfortune, defeat' (IA., Thgn.), πρόσπταισις f. `push, stumble, collision' (D. H.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]Etymology: Expressive word without clear etymology. A general similarity show παίω, ῥαίω, also - κναίω a.o., which may have influenced the formation of πταίω; on the anlaut cf. πτίσσω, πτήσσω. After Merlingen Μνήμης χάριν 2, 55 through metathesis pt- from tp- as zero grade of OCS tepù `beat' etc.; pricipally to be considered. Against connection with πέτομαι (Persson Beitr. 2, 825; s. Bq) rightly WP. 2, 21. -- The word may well be Pre-Greek.Page in Frisk: 2,610Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πταίω
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