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81 член
(организации) member; (учёного общества) fellowбыть членом правления — to have a seat on the board of directors, to serve on a board
исключить кого-л. из членов организации — to exclude smb. from membership
принять в члены (организации) — to admit as a member (to an organization)
становиться членом какой-л. организации — to enter an organization
стать членом (партии и т.п.) — to become a member (of a party, etc.)
активный член организации — activist / active member of an organization
верный / преданный член своей партии — straight-out амер.
выбывающие члены, члены, чьи полномочия истекают — retiring members
полноправный член — full / full-fledged member
постоянные члены Совета Безопасности — permanent members of the Security Council, Security Council permanent members
почётный член палаты (о члене парламента или конгресса) — honourable / honorary member
равноправные члены (общества, предприятия) — equal partners
светские члены палаты лордов (Великобритания) — temporal lords, lords temporal
умеренный член, член, придерживающийся умеренных политических взглядов — middle-of-the-road member
заместитель члена комитета (делегации и т.п.) — alternate for a member of a committee (delegation, etc.)
принятие в члены — admission, affiliation
член ассамблеи / собрания — member of the assembly
член (комитета и т.п.), входящий в него по должности — ex officio member
член городского или муниципального совета — town-councillor, член Европейского парламента Euro MP
"обрабатывать" членов Конгресса — to lobby Congressmen
член политической клики или группировки — ringster
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82 membré
membre [mɑ̃bʀ]masculine nouna. [de corps] limbb. [de famille, groupe, société savante] member ; [d'académie] fellow* * *mɑ̃bʀnom masculin1) ( personne) member2) Anatomie, Zoologie limb3) (d'équation, expression) member•Phrasal Verbs:* * *mɑ̃bʀ1. nm1) ANATOMIE limb, (membre viril) male organ2) [club, groupe] member2. adjmember modif* * *membre nm1 (de club, famille, parti) member; membre fondateur/actif/honoraire/à vie founder/active/honorary/life member; être membre de to be a member of; les membres du gouvernement/de l'équipage the members of the government/of the crew; les membres du parti/comité the members of the party/committee, the party/committee members; devenir membre d'un parti/club to join a party/club; carte/insigne de membre membership card/badge; le club compte 400 membres the club has 400 members or a membership of 400; le parti a perdu beaucoup de membres the party's membership has fallen considerably; les pays membres/non membres the member/nonmember countries;2 Anat, Zool limb; membres supérieurs upper limbs; membres inférieurs lower limbs; membre antérieur forelimb; membre postérieur hind limb;3 Math (d'équation, expression) member; premier/deuxième membre first ou left/second ou right member.membre fantôme Méd phantom limb; membre de phrase Ling part of a sentence; membre viril Anat male member. -
83 Blackett, William Cuthbert
SUBJECT AREA: Mining and extraction technology[br]b. 18 November 1859 Durham, Englandd. 13 June 1935 Durham, England[br]English mine manager, expert in preventing mine explosions and inventor of a coal-face conveyor.[br]After leaving Durham college of Physical Science and having been apprenticed in different mines, he received the certificate for colliery managers and subsequently, in 1887, was appointed Manager of all the mines of Charlaw and Sacriston collieries in Durham. He remained in this position for the rest of his working life.Frequent explosions in mines led him to investigate the causes. He was among the first to recognize the role contributed by coal-dust on mine roads, pioneered the use of inert rock-or stone-dust to render the coal-dust harmless and was the originator of many technical terms on the subject. He contributed many papers on explosion and was appointed a member of many advisory committees on prevention measures. A liquid-air rescue apparatus, designed by him and patented in 1910, was installed in various parts of the country.Blackett also developed various new devices in mining machinery. He patented a wire-rope socket which made use of a metal wedge; invented a rotary tippler driven by frictional contact instead of gearing and which stopped automatically; and he designed a revolving cylindrical coal-washer, which also gained interest among German mining engineers. His most important invention, the first successful coal-face conveyor, was patented in 1902. It was driven by compressed air and consisted of a trough running along the length of the race through which ran an endless scraper chain. Thus fillers cast the coal into the trough, and the scraper chain drew it to the main gate to be loaded into trams.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsKnight of Grace of the Order of St John of Jerusalem. OBE. Honorary MSc University of Durham; Honorary LLD University of Birmingham. Honorary Member, Institution of Mining and Metallurgy. Honorary Member, American Institute of Mining and Metallurgical Engineers. Royal Humane Society Medal.Further ReadingTransactions of the Institution of Mining Engineers (1934–5) 89:339–41.Mining Association of Great Britain (ed.), 1924, Historical Review of Coal Mining London (describes early mechanical devices for the extraction of coal).WKBiographical history of technology > Blackett, William Cuthbert
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84 первоначальные члены
1. original members2. original memberРусско-английский большой базовый словарь > первоначальные члены
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85 почётный
1. ( пользующийся почётом) honourable2. ( избираемый в знак почёта) honorary -
86 почётный
1) ( пользующийся почётом) honourable2) ( избираемый в знак почёта) honoraryпочётный акаде́мик — honorary member of the Academy
почётный прези́диум — honourable presidium
почётное зва́ние — honorary title
3) ( являющийся проявлением почёта) of honour (после сущ.)почётный карау́л — guard of honour
почётное ме́сто — place of honour
почётное положе́ние — distinguished position
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87 onorario
(pl -ri) 1. adj honorary2. m fee* * *onorario1 agg. honorary: socio onorario, honorary member; presidente, console onorario, honorary chairman, consul; cittadinanza onoraria, honorary citizenship.onorario2 s.m. fee, emolument: l'onorario di un avvocato, a lawyer's fee; l'onorario di un medico, a doctor's fee; pagare l'onorario di un avvocato, to pay lawyer's fees (o a lawyer's fee).* * *[ono'rarjo] onorario -ria, -ri, -rie1. agg2. sm* * *IIIdare, ricevere la cittadinanza -a — to give, receive the freedom of a city
* * *onorario1pl. -ri, - rie /ono'rarjo, ri, rje/honorary; [colonna, lapide] commemorative; cittadino onorario freeman (of the city); dare, ricevere la cittadinanza -a to give, receive the freedom of a city.————————onorario2pl. -ri /ono'rarjo, ri/sostantivo m.(professional) fee, honorarium*. -
88 Pole, William
SUBJECT AREA: Civil engineering[br]b. 22 April 1814 Birmingham, Englandd. 1900[br]English engineer and educator.[br]Although primarily an engineer, William Pole was a man of many and varied talents, being amongst other things an accomplished musician (his doctorate was in music) and an authority on whist. He served an apprenticeship at the Horsley Company in Birmingham, and moved to London in 1836, when he was employed first as Manager to a gasworks. In 1844 he published a study of the Cornish pumping engine, and he also accepted an appointment as the first Professor of Engineering in the Elphinstone College at Bombay. He spent three pioneering years in this post, and undertook the survey work for the Great Indian Peninsular Railway. Before returning to London in 1848 he married Matilda Gauntlett, the daughter of a clergyman.Back in Britain, Pole was employed by James Simpson, J.M.Rendel and Robert Stephenson, the latter engaging him to assist with calculations on the Britannia Bridge. In 1858 he set up his own practice. He kept a very small office, choosing not to delegate work to subordinates but taking on a bewildering variety of commissions for government and private companies. In the first category, he made calculations for government officials of the main drainage of the metropolis and for its water supply. He lectured on engineering to the Royal Engineers' institution at Chatham, and served on a Select Committee to enquire into the armour of warships and fortifications. He became a member of the Royal Commission on the Railways of Great Britain and Ireland (the Devonshire Commission, 1867) and reported to the War Office on the MartiniHenry rifle. He also advised the India Office about examinations for engineering students. The drafting and writing up of reports was frequently left to Pole, who also made distinguished contributions to the official Lives of Robert Stephenson (1864), I.K. Brunel (1870) and William Fairbairn (1877). For other bodies, he acted as Consulting Engineer in England to the Japanese government, and he assisted W.H.Barlow in calculations for a bridge at Queensferry on the Firth of Forth (1873). He was consulted about many urban water supplies.Pole joined the Institution of Civil Engineers as an Associate in 1840 and became a Member in 1856. He became a Member of Council, Honorary Secretary (succeeding Manby in 1885–96) and Honorary Member of the Institution. He was interested in astronomy and photography, he was fluent in several languages, was an expert on music, and became the world authority on whist. In 1859 he was appointed Professor of Civil Engineering at University College London, serving in this office until 1867. Pole, whose dates coincided closely with those of Queen Victoria, was one of the great Victorian engineers: he was a polymath, able to apply his great abilities to an amazing range of different tasks. In engineering history, he deserves to be remembered as an outstanding communicator and popularizer.[br]Bibliography1843, "Comparative loss by friction in beam and direct-action engines", Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers 2:69.Further ReadingDictionary of National Biography, London.Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers 143:301–9.AB -
89 honor
m.1 honor.es un honor para mí presentarles a… it's an honor for me to present to you…nos hizo el honor de invitarnos he did us the honor of inviting ushacer honor a to live up toen honor de in honor ofen honor a la verdad to be (quite) honest2 homage, honor, honour.3 tribute, laurel.* * *1 (virtud) honour (US honor)2 (reputación) reputation, honour (US honor), good name3 (de la mujer) virtue2 (agasajo) honours (US honors)\con honores militares with military honours (US honors)en honor a la verdad to be fair, in all fairnesses un honor para mí it's an honour (US honor) for mehacer honor a to live up tohacer los honores to do the honours (US honors)jurar por su honor to swear on one's honour (US honor)perder su honor (una mujer) to lose one's honour (US honor)por mi honor upon my honour (US honor)rendir los honores a to pay honour (US honor) toser cuestión de honor to be a point of honour (US honor)hombre de honor man of honour (US honor)* * *noun m.* * *SM1) (=cualidad) honour, honor (EEUU)•
en honor a la verdad — to be fair•
hacer honor a — to honourhacer honor a su fama — to live up to its etc reputation
•
tener el honor de hacer algo — to have the honour of doing sth, be proud to do sth2) pl honores honours, honors (EEUU)3) (=gloria) gloryAntonio Machado, honor de esta ciudad — Antonio Machado, who is this city's claim to fame
4) [de mujer] honour, honor (EEUU), virtue* * *1)a) ( dignidad moral) honor*un hombre/una cuestión de honor — a man/a question of honor
hacer honor a su fama or nombre — to live up to one's reputation
b) (ant) ( virginidad) honor*, virtue2)a) ( privilegio) honor*tengo el honor de... — it is my honor o I have the honor to...
una cena en honor de... — a dinner in honor of...
le rindieron los honores correspondientes a su rango — he was accorded the honors befitting his rank (frml)
hacerle los honores a algo — to do justice to something
* * *= honour [honor, -USA].Ex. Metcalfe has received little attention outside his adopted country, Australia, and can be considered to be a prophet without honour save in his own country.----* código de honor = code of honour.* conceder el honor = accord + honour.* cuadro de honor = roll of honour.* defender el honor de Uno = defend + Posesivo + honour.* división de honor = premiership.* en honor a = in honour of, in memory of.* en honor a la verdad = in fairness, in all honesty.* expediente de matrícula de honor = first class degree.* festival en honor del sol = solar festival.* fiesta en honor al sol = solar festival.* guardia de honor = guard of honour.* hacer el pasillo de honor = form + a guard of honour.* hacer honor al nombre de Uno = live up to + Posesivo + name.* libro de honor = guest book [guestbook].* licenciarse con un expediente de honor = graduate with + honours.* lista de honor = roll of honour.* lugar de honor = pride of place.* mancha en + Posesivo + honor = blot on + Posesivo + escutcheon.* miembro de honor = honorary member.* otorgar el honor = accord + honour.* ser un honor para = be an honour for.* tener el honor de = have + the honour of.* * *1)a) ( dignidad moral) honor*un hombre/una cuestión de honor — a man/a question of honor
hacer honor a su fama or nombre — to live up to one's reputation
b) (ant) ( virginidad) honor*, virtue2)a) ( privilegio) honor*tengo el honor de... — it is my honor o I have the honor to...
una cena en honor de... — a dinner in honor of...
le rindieron los honores correspondientes a su rango — he was accorded the honors befitting his rank (frml)
hacerle los honores a algo — to do justice to something
* * *= honour [honor, -USA].Ex: Metcalfe has received little attention outside his adopted country, Australia, and can be considered to be a prophet without honour save in his own country.
* código de honor = code of honour.* conceder el honor = accord + honour.* cuadro de honor = roll of honour.* defender el honor de Uno = defend + Posesivo + honour.* división de honor = premiership.* en honor a = in honour of, in memory of.* en honor a la verdad = in fairness, in all honesty.* expediente de matrícula de honor = first class degree.* festival en honor del sol = solar festival.* fiesta en honor al sol = solar festival.* guardia de honor = guard of honour.* hacer el pasillo de honor = form + a guard of honour.* hacer honor al nombre de Uno = live up to + Posesivo + name.* libro de honor = guest book [guestbook].* licenciarse con un expediente de honor = graduate with + honours.* lista de honor = roll of honour.* lugar de honor = pride of place.* mancha en + Posesivo + honor = blot on + Posesivo + escutcheon.* miembro de honor = honorary member.* otorgar el honor = accord + honour.* ser un honor para = be an honour for.* tener el honor de = have + the honour of.* * *A1 (dignidad moral) honor*un hombre de honor a man of honor, an honorable manno aceptó por una cuestión de honor she didn't accept as a matter of honor o principlesintió que su honor había sido mancillado he felt that his honor o good name had been sullied o besmirched ( frml)defendió el honor de su familia ( liter); he defended the honor of his familyen honor a la verdad to be truthful¿te gustó su última novela? — en honor a la verdad, no did you like his last novel? — to be perfectly honest, no o to tell you the truth, nohacer algn honor a su fama or nombre to live up to one's reputation2 ( ant) (virginidad) honor*, virtueB1 (privilegio) honor*es un honor para mí aceptar el cargo it is an honor for me to accept the appointmenttengo el honor de presentarles a nuestro conferenciante it is my honor o I have the honor to introduce our speaker ( frml), it gives me great pleasure to introduce our speakeruna cena en honor de … a dinner in honor of …me hizo el honor de recibirme he did me the honor of receiving mele rindieron or tributaron los honores correspondientes a su rango he was accorded the honors befitting his rank ( frml)hacerle los honores a algo to do justice to sthCompuesto:due military honors** * *
honor sustantivo masculino
◊ tengo el honor de … it is my honor o I have the honor to …;
me hizo el honor de recibirme he did me the honor of receiving me;
en honor a la verdad to be truthful;
hacer honor a su nombre to live up to one's reputationb)
le rindieron los honores correspondientes a su rango he was accorded the honors befitting his rank (frml)
honor sustantivo masculino
1 (cualidad, dignidad) honour, US honor: ofendieron su honor, they offended his honour
palabra de honor, word of honour
2 (distinción) será un honor, it will be an honour
nos hizo el honor de visitarnos, we were honoured by his visit
3 (fama, reconocimiento, gloria) para ti será el honor y la gloria, you'll get all the credit
en honor a la verdad..., to be fair...
' honor' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
código
- dama
- distinguir
- honrar
- matrícula
- mención
- sitial
- atentado
- conferir
- cumplir
- declinar
- dispensar
- distinción
- ensuciar
- gloria
- grande
- homenaje
- honra
- limpiar
- madrina
- mellar
- menoscabar
- palabra
- ultrajar
- vuelta
English:
accord
- bridesmaid
- credit
- guard
- honor
- honorary
- honour
- honourable
- name
- patron
- privilege
- accolade
- award
- bride
- commendation
- distinction
- dubious
- justice
- lady
- live
- privileged
* * *honor nm1. [cualidad] honour;un hombre de honor a man of honour, an honourable man;luchó por defender su honor he fought to defend his honour;hacer honor a to live up to;hizo honor a su fama de generoso, y nos invitó a todos a cenar he lived up to his reputation for being generous and bought us all a meal;una cena en honor del poeta a dinner in honour of the poet o in the poet's honour;en honor a la verdad to be (quite) honest2. [orgullo, satisfacción] honour;es un honor para mí presentarles a… it's an honour for me to present to you…;nos hizo el honor de invitarnos he did us the honour of inviting us;tener el honor de to have the honour of3.honores [ceremonial] honours;lo recibieron con honores de jefe de Estado he was welcomed with all the ceremony befitting a head of state;rendir honores a alguien to salute sb;hacer los honores a to pay one's respects to;hizo los honores al excelente vino he commended the excellent wine;hacer los honores de la casa to do the honours, to look after the guests* * *m1 honor, Brhonour;en honor a in honor of;en honor a la verdad to be honest;palabra de honor word of honor;hacer honor a live up to2:* * *honor nm1) : honoren honor a la verdad: to be quite honest2) honores nmpl: honorshacer los honores: to do the honors* * *honor n honour -
90 Ehrenannahme
Ehrenannahme f GEN (AE) acceptance for honor, (BE) acceptance for honour, acceptance supra protest* * ** * *Ehrenannahme
act of hono(u)r, collateral acceptance, acceptance for (upon) hono(u)r (supra protest);
• Ehrenbürger freeman of a city;
• Ehrenbürger einer Stadt werden, zum Ehrenbürger ernannt werden to receive the freedom of a town, to be admitted as freeman of a city;
• Ehrenerklärung amende honorable;
• Ehrengast guest of hono(u)r;
• Ehrengericht (Anwaltskammer) disciplinary committee;
• Ehrenintervention intervention supra protest;
• journalistischer Ehrenkodex press code;
• Ehrenmitglied honorary member;
• Ehrenpräsident honorary chairman;
• bürgerliche Ehrenrechte civic rights;
• Ehrenschuld honorary debt;
• Ehrensold honorary pay;
• Ehrentage (Wechsel) days of grace;
• Ehrenvorsitzender honorary president (chairman);
• Ehrenzahler (Wechsel) payer for hono(u)r;
• Ehrenzahlung nach Protest payment for hono(u)r supra protest. -
91 член
муж.1) member (в различных значениях); limb ( конечность); fellow (ученого общества, учреждения); term матем.крайний член — ( пропорции) extreme
средний член — ( пропорции) mean
член жюри — judge, member of the board of adjudicators
член конгресса — амер. Congressman
член парламента — member of parliament, M. P.
член партии — party man, party member
член правления — trustee, director, (клуба и т. п.) officer
член пропорции — матем. term of a proportion; proportional
член уравнения — матем. member/term of an equation
2) article грам.член предложения — грам. part of a sentence, member of a sentence
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92 член
ч1) ( організації) member; (наукового товариства тж.) fellowчлен великого журі — grand juror, grand juryman
член Королівського товариства — Fellow of the Royal Society, FRS
член профспілки — member of a trade union, trade unionist; амер. labor union member
2) ( частина цілого) part4) мат. termчлен пропорції — term of a proportion; proportional
член рівняння — member/term of an equation
5) грам. part ( of sentence); article -
93 член
м.
1. (часть тела) limb;
2. (часть какого-л. целого) part;
главные ~ы предложения main parts of а sentence;
~ пропорции term of a proportion;
3. (организации и т. п.) member: (учёного общества тж.) fellow;
~ профсоюза trade-union member;
~ партии Party member;
~ без права голоса non-voting member;
~ коллегии collegium member, member of board;
действительный ~ member;
почётный ~ honorary member;
~ы семьи members of the family;
4. грам. (артикль) article. -
94 Asociación de Archiveros Austriacos
Ex. Prince Schwarzenberg, honorary member of the Verband Osterreichischer Archivare (Austrian Archivists' Association), died in Apr '86.* * *Ex: Prince Schwarzenberg, honorary member of the Verband Osterreichischer Archivare (Austrian Archivists' Association), died in Apr '86.
Spanish-English dictionary > Asociación de Archiveros Austriacos
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95 infante
m.1 infant, baim, little boy, tot.2 infantryman, infantry soldier.3 prince.* * *► nombre masculino,nombre femenino2 (soldado) infantryman————————2 (soldado) infantryman* * *infante, -a SM / F1.( Hist) infante/infanta, prince/princess2. SM1) (Mil, Hist) infantryman2) (=niño) infant* * *- ta masculino, femeninoa) ( hijo del Rey) (m) prince, infante; (f) princess, infantab) (liter) ( niño) infant* * *= prince.Nota: Femenino princess.Ex. Prince Schwarzenberg, honorary member of the Verband Osterreichischer Archivare (Austrian Archivists' Association), died in Apr '86.* * *- ta masculino, femeninoa) ( hijo del Rey) (m) prince, infante; (f) princess, infantab) (liter) ( niño) infant* * *= prince.Nota: Femenino princess.Ex: Prince Schwarzenberg, honorary member of the Verband Osterreichischer Archivare (Austrian Archivists' Association), died in Apr '86.
* * *infante -tamasculine, feminineABCompuesto:marine* * *
infante
(f) princess, infanta
infante sustantivo masculino
1 infante, prince
2 Mil infantryman
Puedes usar los términos infanta e infante como si fuesen palabras inglesas, pero sólo cuando son parte de un título y siempre tratándose de un lenguaje extremadamente culto: la infanta Cristina, the infanta Cristina. Sin embargo, siempre es correcto traducirlos por princess y prince, sin artículo: Princess Cristina.
' infante' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
infanta
English:
prince
- princess
- marine
* * *infante, -a♦ nm,f1. [niño] infant2. [hijo del rey] [niño] infante, prince;[niña] infanta, princess♦ nm[soldado] infantryman infante de marina marine* * *m infante, prince* * *infante nm1) : infante, prince2) : infantryman -
96 príncipe
m.1 prince.2 Principe, Principe Island.* * *1 prince\edición príncipe first editionpríncipe azul Prince Charmingpríncipe de las tinieblas Prince of Darkness* * *noun m.* * *1.SM princepríncipe azul — Prince Charming, knight in shining armour
2.ADJ INV* * *masculino prince* * *= prince.Nota: Femenino princess.Ex. Prince Schwarzenberg, honorary member of the Verband Osterreichischer Archivare (Austrian Archivists' Association), died in Apr '86.----* de príncipe = princely.* Isla del Príncipe Eduardo = Prince Edward Island.* príncipe azul = white knight, knight in shining armour.* príncipe azul, el = Prince Charming.* príncipe heredero = crown prince.* * *masculino prince* * *= prince.Nota: Femenino princess.Ex: Prince Schwarzenberg, honorary member of the Verband Osterreichischer Archivare (Austrian Archivists' Association), died in Apr '86.
* de príncipe = princely.* Isla del Príncipe Eduardo = Prince Edward Island.* príncipe azul = white knight, knight in shining armour.* príncipe azul, el = Prince Charming.* príncipe heredero = crown prince.* * *princeCompuestos:Prince Charming ( hum)prince consortcrown princeprince regent* * *
príncipe sustantivo masculino
prince;
príncipe sustantivo masculino prince
príncipe azul, Prince Charming
príncipe heredero, crown prince
' príncipe' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
consorte
- suceder
- heredero
- Puerto Príncipe
English:
crown prince
- prince
- Prince Charming
- crown
* * *♦ adj[edición] first, original♦ nmprinceel Príncipe de Asturias the Prince of Asturias, = the Spanish crown prince;príncipe azul Prince Charming;príncipe consorte prince consort;príncipe heredero crown prince;príncipe regente prince regent;príncipe de las tinieblas Prince of Darkness* * *m prince* * *príncipe nm: prince* * *príncipe n prince -
97 socio honorario -cia honoraria
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98 kunniajäsen
yks.nom. kunniajäsen; yks.gen. kunniajäsenen; yks.part. kunniajäsentä; yks.ill. kunniajäseneen; mon.gen. kunniajäsenien kunniajäsenten; mon.part. kunniajäseniä; mon.ill. kunniajäseniinhonorary member* * *• honorary member -
99 член
м.1) ( участник) member; (научного общества, учреждения тж.) fellowчлен па́ртии — party member
член профсою́за — trade union member; labor union member амер.
член парла́мента — member of parliament [-ləm-] (сокр. M.P.)
почётный член — honorary ['ɒ-] member
быть членом комите́та — be on the committee [-tɪ]
2) мат. termчлен уравне́ния — member / term of an equation
член пропо́рции мат. — term of a proportion; proportional
кра́йний член (пропо́рции) — extreme
сре́дний член (пропо́рции) — mean
3) уст. ( составная часть) component, memberчлен Си́мвола ве́ры церк. — clause / article of the Creed
4) грам. уст. ( артикль) article5) мн. (конечности, части тела) members, limbsу меня́ все члены занеме́ли — all my members are numb
размя́ть члены — stretch one's limbs
6) (тж. полово́й член) penisиску́сственный член — dildo
••члены предложе́ния грам. — parts of the sentence
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100 Wenham, Francis Herbert
SUBJECT AREA: Aerospace[br]b. 1824 London, Englandd. 11 August 1908 Folkestone, England[br]English engineer, inventor and pioneer aerodynamicist who built the first wind tunnel.[br]Wenham trained as a marine engineer and later specialized in screw propellers and high-pressure engines. He had many interests. He took his steamboat to the Nile and assisted the photographer F.Frith to photograph Egyptian tombs by devising a series of mirrors to deflect sunlight into the dark recesses. He experimented with gas engines and produced a hot-air engine. Wenham was a leading, if controversial, figure in the Microscopical Society and a member of the Royal Photographic Society; he developed an enlarger.Wenham was interested in both mechanical and lighter-than-air flight. One of his friends was James Glaisher, a well-known balloonist who made many ascents to gather scientific information. When the (Royal) Aeronautical Society of Great Britain was founded in 1866, the Rules were drawn up by Wenham, Glaisher and the Honorary Secretary, F.W.Brearey. At the first meeting of the Society, on 27 June 1866, "On aerial locomotion and the laws by which heavy bodies impelled through the air are sustained" was read by Wenham. In his paper Wenham described his experiments with a whirling arm (used earlier by Cayley) to measure lift and drag on flat surfaces inclined at various angles of incidence. His studies of birds' wings and, in particular, their wing loading, showed that they derived most of their lift from the front portion, hence a long, thin wing was better than a short, wide one. He published illustrations of his glider designs covering his experiments of c. 1858–9. One of these had five slender wings one above the other, an idea later developed by Horatio Phillips. Wenham had some success with a model, but no real success with his full-size gliders.In 1871, Wenham and John Browning constructed the first wind tunnel designed for aeronautical research. It utilized a fan driven by a steam engine to propel the air and had a working section of 18 in. (116 cm). Wenham continued to play an important role in aeronautical matters for many years, including a lengthy exchange of ideas with Octave Chanute from 1892 onwards.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsHonorary Member of the (Royal) Aeronautical Society.BibliographyWenham published many reports and papers. These are listed, together with a reprint of his paper "Aerial locomotion", in the Journal of the Royal Aeronautical Society (August 1958).Further ReadingTwo papers by J.Laurence Pritchard, 1957, "The dawn of aerodynamics" Journal of the Royal Aeronautical Society (March); 1958, "Francis Herbert Wenham", Journal of the Royal Aeronautical Society (August) (both papers describe Wenham and his work).J.E.Hodgson, 1924, History of Aeronautics in Great Britain, London.JDSBiographical history of technology > Wenham, Francis Herbert
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honorary — hon|or|ar|y [ˈɔnərəri US ˈa:nəreri] adj 1.) an honorary title, rank, or university degree is given to someone as an honour ▪ Brown received an honorary doctorate from Seoul University. 2.) an honorary position in an organization is held without… … Dictionary of contemporary English
honorary — adjective 1 an honorary title, rank, or university degree is given to someone as an honour 2 an honorary position in an organization is held without receiving any payment 3 an honorary member of a group is treated like a member of that group but… … Longman dictionary of contemporary English
honorary — [[t]ɒ̱nərəri, AM reri[/t]] 1) ADJ: ADJ n An honorary title or membership of a group is given to someone without their needing to have the necessary qualifications, usually because of their public achievements. He will be awarded the honorary… … English dictionary
honorary — adjective Etymology: Latin honorarius, from honor Date: 1568 1. a. having or conferring distinction b. commemorative 2. dependent on honor for fulfillment 3. a. conferred or elected in recognition of achievement or service without the usual… … New Collegiate Dictionary
honorary — hon|or|ar|y [ anə,reri ] adjective 1. ) an honorary university degree or title is given to honor someone, although they have not earned it the usual way 2. ) an honorary member of a group is someone who is allowed to join without applying or… … Usage of the words and phrases in modern English
honorary — UK [ˈɒnərərɪ] / US [ˈɑnəˌrerɪ] adjective 1) an honorary university degree or title is given to honour someone, although they have not earned it the usual way 2) an honorary member of a group is someone who is allowed to join without applying or… … English dictionary
honorary — [ˈɒnərəri] adj 1) an honorary university degree or title is given to honour someone, although they have not earned it in the usual way 2) an honorary member of a group is someone who is allowed to join without applying or without having the usual … Dictionary for writing and speaking English
member — Synonyms and related words: Greek, affiliate, appendage, arm, associate, belonger, bough, branch, brother, card carrier, card carrying member, cardholder, charter member, clubber, clubman, clubwoman, colleague, committeeman, comrade,… … Moby Thesaurus