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21 tilt
I1. [tılt] n1. наклон, наклонное положениеto give smth. a tilt - наклонить что-л.
2. склон3. амер. качели4. = tilt-hammer5. 1) столкновение, схватка; стычка; сшибка; встреча, дуэльto have a tilt at smb. - нападать на кого-л.
they had a number of tilts in print - у них было немало литературных баталий
2) наскок, нападениеsprightly tilts at his Labour opponents - энергичные наскоки на его лейбористских противников
3) удар6. ист. нападение всадника с копьём наперевесto run at the tilt - а) мчаться с копьём наперевес; б) яростно атаковать; обрушиваться
7. кино вертикальное панорамирование♢
(at) full tilt - изо всех сил, полным ходомto ride (at) full tilt - нестись во весь опор /во всю прыть/
to rim full tilt into smth. - броситься /кинуться/ очертя голову во что-л. или на что-л.
2. [tılt] v1. 1) наклонять, опрокидывать; откидывать, поворачивать; кантоватьto tilt the racket face - спорт. наклонять ракетку
tilted at a crazy angle - наклонённый /наклонившийся/ под немыслимо острым углом (к поверхности)
2) наклоняться, склоняться (тж. tilt up)the internal power struggle appears to be tilting in his favour - внутрипартийная борьба за власть, по всей вероятности, склонила чашу весов в его пользу
2. выворачивать; опорожнять, высыпать (тж. tilt out)3. качаться4. спорт. делать выпад; поднимать, опускать ( оружие перед выпадом)5. бить, ударять; бросаться (на кого-л.) с копьём наперевесto tilt smb. out of the saddle - выбить кого-л. из седла
6. бороться; биться; сталкиваться; споритьto tilt with smb. - пикироваться с кем-л.
7. ист. биться на копьях, сражаться на турнире8. ковать ( на хвостовом молоте)II♢
to tilt at (the) windmills - сражаться с ветряными мельницами, донкихотствовать1. [tılt] n1. парусиновый навес (над телегой, лодкой, ларьком)2. тент; палатка ( переносное жильё рыбаков и дровосеков Лабрадора или Ньюфаундленда)2. [tılt] vснабжать навесом -
22 skip
I [skɪp] 1. гл.1)а) прыгать, скакать; бежать вприпрыжкуI saw her skipping down the path. — Я видел, как она вприпрыжку бежит по тропинке.
Syn:б) ( skip about) резвиться2) брит. прыгать через скакалку4)а) = skip over пропускать, не затрагиватьLet's skip over the first few things on the list, and get to the really important matters. — Давайте пропустим первые пункты в нашем списке, и сразу перейдём к действительно важным вопросам.
б) ( skip to) сразу переходитьLet's skip to the last item on the agenda. — Давайте сразу перейдём к последнему пункту повестки дня.
г) пропускать, не принимать участия5) ( skip through) бегло просматриватьI skipped through the first part of the book, eager to get to the exciting bits. — Я прочитал по диагонали первую часть книги, чтобы поскорее добраться до интересных эпизодов.
6) перепрыгивать, перескакивать ( через класс в школе)7) заставлять прыгать по поверхности чего-л. или отскакивать рикошетомto skip a stone across a pond — запустить "лягушку" через пруд
8) амер.; разг.б) (skip off / out) скрываться, смыватьсяto skip out without paying one's bill — улизнуть, не заплатив по счёту
Every time I ask that boy to do a job, he skips off to play with his friends! — Всякий раз, когда я прошу этого мальчика что-нибудь сделать, он увиливает и убегает играть со своими друзьями.
Syn:в) ( skip out on) бросить, оставить (кого-л.)9) авто пропускать зажигание ( о двигателе)Syn:misfire 2.•- skip it 2. сущ.1) прыжок, скачокSyn:2)а) пропуск; обход ( при чтении)б) то, что можно пропустить при чтении3) разг. ; амер. тот, кто скрывается от уплаты долговII [skɪp] сущ.2) горн. скип; вагонетка с откидывающимся кузовом -
23 abierto
Del verbo abrir: ( conjugate abrir) \ \
abierto es: \ \el participioMultiple Entries: abierto abrir
abierto 1
◊ -ta adjetivo1 con los ojos muy abiertos with eyes wide open; un sobre abierto an unsealed envelope; los espacios abiertos de la ciudad the city's open spaces◊ dejaste la llave abierto you left the faucet (AmE) o (BrE) tap running‹madera/costura› split 2 [estar] ‹comercio/museo› open 3 (Ling) ‹ vocal› open 4 abierto a algo open to sth 5 (manifiesto, directo) open
abierto 2 sustantivo masculino (Dep) open (tournament)
abrir ( conjugate abrir) verbo transitivo 1 ( en general) to open; ‹ paraguas› to open, put up; ‹ mapa› to open out, unfold; ‹ cortinas› to open, draw back; ‹ persianas› to raise, pull up; ‹ cremallera› to undo 2 ‹llave/gas› to turn on; ‹ válvula› to open; ‹ cerradura› to unlock 3 ‹ agujero› to make 4 ( inaugurar) to open (up);◊ ¿a qué hora abren la taquilla? what time does the box office open?‹ frontera› to open (up) 5 ‹ negocio› to start, set up; ‹ suscripción› to take out; ‹ investigación› to begin, set up; abierto fuego to open fire 6 ‹ apetito› to whet abrirse verbo pronominal 1 abiertose a algo ‹a jardín/corredor› to open onto sth [ paracaídas] to open 2 ( refl) ‹chaqueta/cremallera› to undo 3 [ perspectivas] to open up;
abierto,-a adjetivo
1 open (grifo) (turned) on: dejaste la ventana abierta de par en par, you left the window wide open
2 (sin restricciones, cercas, límites) open: salimos a campo abierto, we went out to the open
el europeo es un mercado abierto, Europe is an open market
3 (sin tapujos) clear: es una abierta declaración de intenciones, it's an open declaration of her intentions
carta abierta al señor ministro, an open letter to the minister
4 (persona receptiva) open-minded (extrovertido) open
5 Dep open
abrir
I verbo transitivo
1 (separar, permitir el acceso, desplegar) to open (una cerradura) to unlock (una cremallera) to undo
2 (una llave, un grifo) to turn on
3 (hacer una zanja, un túnel, etc) to dig (hacer un ojal, el agujero de una ventana) to make: abriremos una ventana en esta pared, we'll make an opening for a window on this wall
4 (iniciar un discurso, una actividad) to open, start: van a abrir una tienda en la esquina, they're going to open a shop on the corner
tienes que abrir una cuenta en este banco, you've got to open an account at this bank
5 (ampliar, expandir) to open: deberíamos abrir nuestro mercado, we should open up our market
6 (rajar) to slit: cuando abrimos la sandía resultó que no estaba madura, when we cut open the watermelon we realised that it wasn't ripe
abrieron la res en canal, they slit open the animal
7 Jur a Álvarez le han abierto un expediente, they have started investigating Álvarez
II verbo intransitivo
1 to open Locuciones: en un abrir y cerrar de ojos, in the twinkling of an eye ' abierto' also found in these entries: Spanish: abierta - abrir - accesible - brecha - cerrar - cielo - expansiva - expansivo - plaza - apetito - carácter - entre - mar - mina - operación - par English: all-night - clash - door - establish - gate - half-open - lest - nowhere - open - outspoken - raw - restricted - revolving credit - run - undone - upfront - wide - wide open - all - beer - gape - gaping - on - overt - somewhere - undisguised - work -
24 tilt
I [tilt] n1) нахил, похиле положенняon the tilt — у нахиленому положенні2) схил3) а мр. гойдалка4) = tilt-hammer5) зіткнення, сутичка; страйк; зустріч, дуельto have a tilt at smb — нападати на когось; наскок, напад; удар
6) icт., напад вершника зі списомto run at the tilt — мчатися зі списом; люто атакувати; обрушуватися
7) кiнo вертикальне панорамування••full tilt — щосили, на овний хідII [tilt] vto ride (at) full tilt — нестися щодуху /у всю спритність/; to run full tilt into smth кинутися /кинутися/ очертя голову в что-л або на что-л
1) нахилити, перекидати; відкидати, повертати; кантуватиto tilt the racket face — cпopт., нахиляти ракетку; нахилятися, схилятися ( tilt up)
2) вивертати; спорожняти, висипати ( tilt out)3) гойдатися4) cпopт., робити випад; піднімати, опускати ( зброя перед випадом)5) бити, вдаряти; кидатися ( на когось) зі списомto tilt smb Out of the saddle — вибити когось із сідла
6) боротися; з; зіштовхуватися; сперечатися7) icт. битися на списах, боротися на турнірі8) кувати ( на хвостовому молоті)••III [tilt] nto tilt at (the) windmills — боротися з вітряними млинами, донкихотствовать
1) парусиновий навіс (над возом, човном)2) тент; намет (переносне житло рибалок, дроворубів Лабрадору або Ньюфаундленду)IV [tilt] v -
25 over
over ['əʊvə(r)]au-dessus de ⇒ 1A (a) sur ⇒ 1A (b), 1B (a), 1B (b) par-dessus ⇒ 1A (b), 1A (c) plus de ⇒ 1C (a) au sujet de ⇒ 1D (a) plus ⇒ 2B (b) encore ⇒ 2B (d) fini ⇒ 3A.∎ a bullet whistled over my head une balle siffla au-dessus de ma tête;∎ they live over the shop ils habitent au-dessus du magasin;∎ the plane came down over France l'avion s'est écrasé en France(b) (on top of, covering) sur, par-dessus;∎ put a lace cloth over the table mets une nappe en dentelle sur la table;∎ she wore a cardigan over her dress elle portait un gilet par-dessus sa robe;∎ she wore a black dress with a red cardigan over it elle avait une robe noire avec un gilet rouge par-dessus;∎ I put my hand over my mouth j'ai mis ma main devant ma bouche;∎ he had his jacket over his arm il avait sa veste sur le bras;∎ with his hat over his eyes le chapeau enfoncé jusqu'aux yeux;∎ we painted over the wallpaper nous avons peint par-dessus la tapisserie;∎ she was hunched over the wheel elle était penchée sur la roue(c) (across the top or edge of) par-dessus;∎ he was watching me over his newspaper il m'observait par-dessus son journal;∎ I peered over the edge j'ai jeté un coup d'œil par-dessus le rebord;∎ he fell/jumped over the cliff il est tombé/a sauté du haut de la falaise∎ to cross over the road traverser la rue;∎ they live over the road from me ils habitent en face de chez moi;∎ there's a fine view over the valley on a une belle vue sur la vallée;∎ the bridge over the river le pont qui enjambe la rivière;∎ he ran his eye over the article il a parcouru l'article des yeux;∎ she ran her hand over the smooth marble elle passa la main sur le marbre lisse;∎ we travelled for days over land and sea nous avons voyagé pendant des jours par terre et par mer;∎ a strange look came over her face son visage prit une expression étrange∎ the village over the hill le village de l'autre côté de la colline;∎ they must be over the border by now ils doivent avoir passé la frontière maintenantB.∎ to rule over a country régner sur un pays;∎ I have no control/influence over them je n'ai aucune autorité/influence sur eux;∎ she has some kind of hold over him elle a une certaine emprise sur lui;∎ she watched over her children elle surveillait ses enfants(b) (indicating position of superiority, importance) sur;∎ a victory over the forces of reaction une victoire sur les forces réactionnaires;∎ our project takes priority over the others notre projet a priorité sur les autresC.(a) (with specific figure or amount → more than) plus de;∎ it took me well/just over an hour j'ai mis bien plus/un peu plus d'une heure;∎ he must be over thirty il doit avoir plus de trente ans;∎ children over (the age of) 7 les enfants (âgés) de plus de 7 ans;∎ think of a number over 100 pensez à un chiffre supérieur à 100;∎ not over 250 grams (in post office) jusqu'à 250 grammes∎ his voice rang out over the others sa voix dominait toutes les autres;∎ I couldn't hear what she was saying over the music la musique m'empêchait d'entendre ce qu'elle disait∎ eight over two huit divisé par deux∎ I've got a job over the long vacation je vais travailler pendant les grandes vacances;∎ I'll do it over the weekend je le ferai pendant le week-end;∎ what are you doing over Easter? qu'est-ce que tu fais pour Pâques?;∎ it's improved over the years ça s'est amélioré au cours ou au fil des années;∎ over the next few decades au cours des prochaines décennies;∎ over a period of several weeks pendant plusieurs semaines;∎ we discussed it over a drink/over lunch/over a game of golf nous en avons discuté autour d'un verre/pendant le déjeuner/en faisant une partie de golfD.(a) (concerning) au sujet de;∎ a disagreement over working conditions un conflit portant sur les conditions de travail;∎ they're always quarrelling over money ils se disputent sans cesse pour des questions d'argent;∎ to laugh over sth rire (à propos) de qch;∎ there's a big question mark over his future nous n'avons aucune idée de ce qu'il va devenir(b) (by means of, via)∎ they were talking over the telephone ils parlaient au téléphone;∎ I heard it over the radio je l'ai entendu à la radio∎ are you over your bout of flu? est-ce que tu es guéri ou est-ce que tu t'es remis de ta grippe?;∎ he's over the shock now il s'en est remis maintenant;∎ we'll soon be over the worst le plus dur sera bientôt passé;∎ it took her a long time to get over his death elle a mis longtemps à se remettre de sa mort;∎ don't worry, you'll be or get over her soon ne t'en fais pas, bientôt tu n'y penseras plus2 adverbA.(a) (indicating movement or location, across distance or space)∎ an eagle flew over un aigle passa au-dessus de nous;∎ she walked over to him and said hello elle s'approcha de lui pour dire bonjour;∎ he led me over to the window il m'a conduit à la fenêtre;∎ he must have seen us, he's coming over il a dû nous voir, il vient vers nous ou de notre côté;∎ pass my cup over, will you tu peux me passer ma tasse?;∎ she glanced over at me elle jeta un coup d'œil dans ma direction;∎ she leaned over to whisper to him elle se pencha pour lui chuchoter quelque chose à l'oreille;∎ over in the States aux États-Unis;∎ over there là-bas;∎ come over here! viens (par) ici!;∎ has Colin been over? est-ce que Colin est passé?;∎ she drove over to meet us elle est venue nous rejoindre en voiture;∎ let's have or invite them over for dinner si on les invitait à dîner?;∎ we have guests over from Morocco nous avons des invités qui viennent du Maroc∎ she's travelled the whole world over elle a voyagé dans le monde entier;∎ people the world over are watching the broadcast live des téléspectateurs du monde entier assistent à cette retransmission en direct∎ I fell over je suis tombé (par terre);∎ she knocked her glass over elle a renversé son verre;∎ he flipped the pancake over il a retourné la crêpe;∎ they rolled over and over in the grass ils se roulaient dans l'herbe;∎ and over I went et me voilà par terre∎ we just whitewashed it over nous l'avons simplement passé à la chaux;∎ the bodies were covered over with blankets les corps étaient recouverts avec des couvertures(e) (into the hands of another person, group etc)∎ he's gone over to the other side/to the opposition il est passé de l'autre côté/dans l'opposition;∎ they handed him over to the authorities ils l'ont remis aux autorités ou entre les mains des autorités;∎ Radio & Television and now over to Kirsty Jones in Paris nous passons maintenant l'antenne à Kirsty Jones à Paris;∎ over to you (it's your turn) c'est votre tour, c'est à vous;∎ Telecommunications over (to you)! à vous!;∎ over and out! terminé!B.(a) (left, remaining)∎ there were/I had a few pounds (left) over il restait/il me restait quelques livres;∎ you will keep what is (left) over vous garderez l'excédent ou le surplus;∎ seven into fifty-two makes seven with three over cinquante-deux divisé par sept égale sept, il reste trois(b) (with specific figure or amount → more) plus;∎ men of 30 and over les hommes âgés de 30 ans et plus;∎ articles costing £100 or over les articles de 100 livres et plus∎ read it over carefully lisez-le attentivement;∎ do you want to talk the matter over? voulez-vous en discuter?(d) (again, more than once) encore;∎ American I had to do the whole thing over j'ai dû tout refaire;∎ she won the tournament five times over elle a gagné le tournoi à cinq reprisesfini;∎ the party's over la fête est finie;∎ the danger is over le danger est passé;∎ the war was just over la guerre venait de finir ou de s'achever;∎ I'm glad that's over (with)! je suis bien content que ça soit fini!;∎ that's over and done with voilà qui est fini et bien fini4 noun(in cricket) série f de six ballesen plus de;∎ over and above what we've already paid en plus de ce que nous avons déjà payé;∎ and over and above that, he was banned from driving for life en plus, on lui a retiré son permis (de conduire) à vie∎ I've told you over and over (again) je te l'ai répété je ne sais combien de fois;∎ he did it over and over (again) until… il a recommencé des dizaines de fois jusqu'à ce que…ⓘ They think it's all over (...it is now) Ces mots, précédés de la phrase some people are on the pitch... ("il y a quelques personnes sur le terrain"), furent prononcés par Kenneth Wolstenholme, commentateur sportif de la BBC, au moment où Geoff Hurst marqua un dernier but pour l'Angleterre dans les dernières secondes de la finale de la Coupe du monde de football de 1966, qui vit l'Angleterre l'emporter face à la République fédérale d'Allemagne. Aujourd'hui on utilise cette expression ("ils croient que c'est terminé,... maintenant, c'est terminé") en anglais britannique lorsque quelqu'un s'imagine à tort qu'une chose est terminée, ou bien au moment même où cette chose s'achève. -
26 sweep
1 noun(a) (with a brush) coup m de balai;∎ the room needs a good sweep la pièce aurait besoin d'un bon coup de balai∎ with a sweep of her arm d'un geste large;∎ with a sweep of his sword/scythe d'un grand coup d'épée/de faux;∎ to make a wide sweep to take a bend prendre du champ pour effectuer un virage;∎ her eyes made a sweep of the room elle parcourut la pièce des yeux;∎ they jumped over the wall between two sweeps of the searchlight ils sautèrent par-dessus le mur entre deux mouvements du projecteur;∎ in or at one sweep d'un seul coup∎ a vast sweep of woodland une vaste étendue de forêt;∎ from where we stood, we could see the whole sweep of the bay de là où nous étions, nous voyions toute (l'étendue de) la baie;∎ the sweep of a car's lines le galbe d'une voiture(d) (range → of gun, telescope) champ m; (→ of lighthouse) balayage m, portée f; (→ of wings) envergure f; (→ of knowledge) étendue f; (→ of opinion) éventail m;∎ the members of the commission represent a broad sweep of opinion les membres de la commission représentent un large éventail d'opinions∎ police made a drugs sweep on the university la police a ratissé l'université à la recherche de drogues;∎ the rescue party made a sweep of the area l'équipe de secours a ratissé les environs ou passé les environs au peigne fin;∎ to make a sweep for mines chercher des mines(f) (chimney sweep) ramoneur m(i) (rapid flow → of river) course f ou flot m rapide∎ to vary the angle of sweep varier la flèche(in rowing) en pointe∎ to sweep the floor balayer le sol;∎ he swept the room il a balayé la pièce;∎ the steps had been swept clean quelqu'un avait balayé l'escalier;∎ she swept the leaves from the path into a pile elle balaya les feuilles du chemin et les mit en tas;∎ I swept the broken glass into the dustpan j'ai poussé le verre cassé dans la pelle avec le balai;∎ he angrily swept the papers off the desk d'un geste furieux, il balaya les papiers de dessus le bureau;∎ she swept the coins off the table into her handbag elle a fait glisser les pièces de la table dans son sac à main(c) (of wind, tide, crowd etc)∎ her dress sweeps the ground sa robe balaie le sol;∎ a storm swept the town un orage ravagea la ville;∎ the wind swept his hat into the river le vent a fait tomber son chapeau dans la rivière;∎ the small boat was swept out to sea le petit bateau a été emporté vers le large;∎ three fishermen were swept overboard un paquet de mer emporta trois pêcheurs;∎ figurative the victorious army swept all before it l'armée victorieuse a tout balayé sur son passage;∎ the incident swept all other thoughts from her mind l'incident lui fit oublier tout le reste;∎ he was swept to power on a wave of popular discontent il a été porté au pouvoir par une vague de mécontentement populaire;∎ he swept her off to Paris for the weekend il l'a emmenée en week-end à Paris;∎ to be swept off one's feet (fall in love) tomber fou amoureux; (be filled with enthusiam) être enthousiasmé;∎ to sweep the board rafler tous les prix;∎ the German athletes swept the board at the Olympics les athlètes allemands ont remporté toutes les médailles aux jeux Olympiques(d) (spread through → of fire, epidemic, rumour, belief) gagner;∎ a new craze is sweeping America une nouvelle mode fait fureur aux États-Unis;∎ a wave of fear swept the city une vague de peur gagna la ville;∎ the flu epidemic which swept Europe in 1919 l'épidémie de grippe qui sévit en Europe en 1919(e) (scan, survey) parcourir;∎ her eyes swept the horizon/the room elle parcourut l'horizon/la pièce des yeux;∎ to sweep the horizon with a telescope parcourir ou balayer l'horizon avec un télescope;∎ searchlights continually sweep the open ground outside the prison camp des projecteurs parcourent ou balayent sans cesse le terrain qui entoure la prison(f) (win easily) gagner ou remporter haut la main;∎ the Popular Democratic Party swept the polls le parti démocratique populaire a fait un raz-de-marée aux élections;∎ the port has been swept for mines le port a été dragué(a) (with a brush) balayer(b) (move quickly, powerfully)∎ harsh winds swept across the bleak steppes un vent violent balayait les mornes steppes;∎ the beam swept across the sea le faisceau lumineux balaya la mer;∎ I watched storm clouds sweeping across the sky je regardais des nuages orageux filer dans le ciel;∎ a hurricane swept through the town un ouragan a dévasté la ville;∎ the Barbarians who swept into the Roman Empire les Barbares qui déferlèrent sur l'Empire romain;∎ a wave of nationalism swept through the country une vague de nationalisme a déferlé sur le pays;∎ the memories came sweeping back tous ces souvenirs me/lui/ etc sont revenus à la mémoire;∎ a wave of panic swept over him une vague de panique le submergea;∎ the planes swept low over the town les avions passèrent en rase-mottes au-dessus de la ville;∎ the fire swept through the forest l'incendie a ravagé la forêt(c) (move confidently, proudly)∎ he swept into the room il entra majestueusement dans la pièce;∎ she swept past me without even a glance elle passa majestueusement à côté de moi sans même m'adresser un regard(d) (stretch → land) s'étendre;∎ the rolling prairies sweep away into the distance les prairies ondoyantes se perdent dans le lointain;∎ the fields sweep down to the lake les prairies descendent en pente douce jusqu'au lac;∎ the river sweeps round in a wide curve le fleuve décrit une large courbe∎ to sweep for mines draguer, déminer►► sweep boat bateau m en pointe;sweep hand trotteuse f;sweep rowing nage f en pointe(of wind, tide, crowd) emporter, entraîner;∎ we were swept along by a tide of nationalism nous avons été balayés par une vague nationaliste(a) (object, person) écarter(a) (dust, snow) balayer(b) (of wind, tide, crowd) emporter, entraîner;∎ three bathers were swept away by a huge wave trois baigneurs ont été emportés par une énorme vague(car) passer à toute vitesse; (person → majestically) passer majestueusement; (→ disdainfully) passer dédaigneusement∎ hills sweeping down to the sea des collines qui descendent vers la mer∎ the enemy swept down on us l'ennemi s'abattit ou fonça sur nous(clean → room) balayer➲ sweep past = sweep by➲ sweep up(dust, leaves) balayer;∎ she swept up the pieces of glass elle balaya les morceaux de verre;∎ he swept the leaves up into a pile il fit un tas des feuilles en les balayant;∎ with her hair swept up into a chignon avec ses cheveux relevés en chignon;∎ she swept up her two babies and… en toute hâte, elle prit ses deux bébés dans ses bras et…(a) (clean up) balayer;∎ can you sweep up after the meeting? peux-tu balayer ou peux-tu passer un coup de balai après la réunion?∎ she swept up to me (majestically) elle s'approcha de moi d'un pas majestueux; (angrily) elle s'approcha de moi d'un pas furieux;∎ the car swept up to the main entrance (quickly) la voiture s'approcha à toute allure de l'entrée principale; (impressively) la voiture s'approcha à une allure majestueuse de l'entrée principale -
27 draw
N1. लाटरी/नम्बर\drawनिकलनाThe draw for the third round of the cricket tournament.When is the draw for the weekly lottery?2. ड्रॉ\{प्रतियोगिता\drawजिसकी\drawहार\drawजीत\drawका\drawनिर्णय\drawन\drawहो\}The match ended in a draw.3. भीड़\drawको\drawएकत्रित\drawकरने\drawहेतु\drawकार्य\drawया\drawघटनाThe show was a big draw.4. देरी\drawसे\drawकिसी\drawवस्तु\drawको\drawसमझ\drawपानाShe is a bit slow on the draw.--------VI1. चित्र\drawबनानाI draw a line hereDraw a chicken2. खींचनाDraw the shadesThis chimney draws very well3. [बाहर]\drawनिकालनाYou please draw this cork out of the bottle.She drew off a pint of beer.Draw a cardThe archers were drawing their bows4. खींच\drawकर\drawनिकालनाDraw water from a well.5. आकर्षित\drawकरनाHe drew my attention to a point which I had overlooked.6. निष्कर्ष\drawनिकालनाWhat conclusions did you draw from my report.7. एकत्रित\drawकरनाShe has drawn the information from many different sources.His madness drew passers-by to the scene.The participants in the experiment were drawn from a representative populationThe crowd is drawing nearer to the square8. नम्बर\drawया\drawकार्ड\drawया\drawटिकट\drawउठा\drawकर\drawविजयी\drawघोषित\drawकरनाDraw the name of the winner in a raffle.9. गहरी\drawसाँस\drawलेनाDraw a deep breath10. निराश\drawहो\drawजानाShe was drawn to despair11. बहानाDraw blood12. लिखनाThe will was drawn when he was 89 years oldDraw a cheque13. एक\drawस्थान\drawपर\drawसीमित\drawरखनाHe spent the day drawing in the garden14. पानी\drawकी\drawनिश्चित\drawसतहThis boat draws 70 inches15. खींचकर\drawबढ़ानाDraw steel -
28 ♦ rule
♦ rule /ru:l/n.1 regola; regolamento: grammatical rules, regole grammaticali; (mat.) the rule of three, la regola del tre semplice; rules and regulations, regole e regolamenti; a set of rules, un regolamento; una normativa; the rule of force, la legge della forza; (relig.) the Benedictine rule, la regola (monastica) di San Benedetto; to follow [break] the rules, seguire [infrangere] le regole; to play by the rules, rispettare le regole; attenersi alle regole; to be against the rules, essere contro le regole; essere vietato; to set the rules, stabilire le regole; to flout the rules, ignorare apertamente il regolamento; DIALOGO → - Absence- You know the rules, conosci le regole; to bend (o to stretch) the rules for sb., fare uno strappo alle regole (o un'eccezione) per q.; cardinal rule, regola fondamentale; strict rules, regole rigide2 norma; consuetudine: a hard and fast rule, una norma precisa; an unwritten rule, una norma non scritta; to be the rule, essere la norma; Long working hours are the rule here, gli orari di lavoro prolungati qui sono la norma; He makes it a rule to go for a walk every day, è sua buona norma fare una passeggiata tutti i giorni3 [u] dominio; governo: under British rule, sotto il dominio britannico; (polit.) direct rule, amministrazione diretta (in Irlanda del Nord: da parte di Londra); 20 years of socialist rule, vent'anni di governo socialista; Once we were under Florentine rule, un tempo eravamo sotto la signoria di Firenze; mob rule, illegalità al governo4 riga (da disegno); regolo ( calcolatore): a foot-rule, un regolo di un piede ( circa trenta centimetri)5 (leg.) decisione; ordine; ordinanza: (fam. USA) gag rule, norma limitativa della libertà di parola e di stampa7 (pl.) ( sport) regolamento: the rules of the game, il regolamento (o le regole) del gioco; The tournament will be conducted under the rules of tennis, il torneo si svolgerà secondo le regole del tennis● rule book ► rulebook □ (falegn.) rule joint, giunto a regolo □ rule-making power, potere normativo ( del governo) □ (leg.) rules of court, norme procedurali □ the rule of law, il dominio della legge; il principio della legalità □ the rule of the road, (autom.) le regole di precedenza; (naut.) le regole per prevenire le collisioni in mare □ rule of thumb, regola empirica; regola pratica □ rule-of-thumb, approssimativo; empirico; pratico □ as a rule, generalmente; di regola □ by rule, secondo le regole □ by rule of thumb, empiricamente; a lume di naso (fam.) □ rules are rules, le regole sono regole □ ( di operai) to work to rule, lavorare facendo ostruzionismo ( applicando rigidamente i regolamenti); fare uno sciopero bianco.(to) rule /ru:l/v. t. e i.1 dominare; governare; The Queen of England reigns but does not rule, la regina di Inghilterra regna ma non governa; to rule a country, governare un paese; Parts of Italy were ruled by Austria for many years, una parte dell'Italia è stata sotto il dominio austriaco per molti anni; King Alfred ruled wisely over his people, re Alfredo ha governato il suo popolo saggiamente; to rule as an absolute monarch, regnare da monarca assoluto2 dominare; influenzare: Don't be ruled by envy, non lasciarti dominare dall'invidia; Her life is ruled by ambition, è l'ambizione a guidare la sua vita3 (leg., sport) deliberare; giudicare; dichiarare: The court ruled the validity of the deed, il tribunale ha riconosciuto la validità dell'atto; The judge ruled that the question was out of order, il giudice ha dichiarato che la domanda non era ammissibile; The court ruled his behaviour unlawful, la corte ha giudicato illegittimo il suo comportamento; The court will rule on the matter, la corte delibererà in merito; The judge ruled against the plaintiff, il giudice si è pronunciato a sfavore dell'attore; The management has ruled against any wage rise, gli amministratori hanno deliberato di non concedere aumenti salariali4 avere la meglio su, prevalere in: Profit taking ruled the stock market yesterday, le prese di beneficio hanno prevalso ieri nel mercato azionario5 (fam.: di una squadra, una moda, ecc.) dominare; ( di una persona) essere il migliore; essere il numero uno: (spec. sport) to rule O.K., essere il più forte; In the world of modern art, he rules supreme, nel mondo dell'arte moderna, ha il dominio incontrastato6 (arc.) guidare; moderare: He was ruled by his friends, si lasciava guidare dagli amici; to rule a horse, tenere a freno un cavallo; to rule one's passions, moderare le proprie passioni● ( sport) to rule sb. offside, dichiarare q. in fuorigioco □ to rule the roost ► roost □ to rule with an iron hand (o with a rod of iron), utilizzare il pugno di ferro con; governare ( un paese, ecc.) con il pugno di ferro □ to let one's heart rule one's head, dare ascolto alle ragioni del cuore; lasciarsi guidare dal cuore ( e non dalla ragione). -
29 UEFA-Spielbeauftragter
■ Person, die jünger als 70 Jahre alt sein muss, die für ein UEFA-Spiel von der UEFA-Administration bezeichnet wird, um eine spezifische Funktion auszuüben, die Erfahrung und Fachwissen in ihrem entsprechenden Bereich mitbringt, eine der offiziellen UEFA-Sprachen beherrscht und weitere vom UEFA-Generalsekretär festgelegten Anforderungen erfüllt.► Die UEFA-Spielbeauftragten sind: der UEFA-Spieldelegierte, der Schiedsrichterbeobachter, der Stadion- und Sicherheitsverantwortliche, der Dopingkontrolleur, der Spielortverantwortliche, der Turnieradministrator und der UEFA-Medienverantwortliche. Von den UEFA-Spielbeauftragten wird erwartet, dass sie zusammenarbeiten.UEFA match officer UEFA■ A person appointed for a UEFA match by the UEFA administration to carry out a specific duty, who must be under 70 years of age, have specific expertise and know-how in a field, have good knowledge of one of UEFA's official languages, and fulfil the other requirements defined by the UEFA general secretary.► The UEFA match officers are: the UEFA match delegate, the referee observer, the stadium and security officer, the doping control officer, the venue director, the tournament administrator and the UEFA media officer. All UEFA match officers are expected to cooperate with each other. -
30 fare
feə1) (the price of a journey on a train, bus, ship etc: He hadn't enough money for his bus fare.) billett(pris)2) (a paying passenger in a hired vehicle, especially in a taxi: The taxi-driver was asked by the police where her last fare got out.) passasjerkost--------mat--------takstIsubst. \/feə\/1) billett(pris), (passasjer)avgift, takst, (billett)penger, betaling• fares, please!billetter, takk!2) (en eller flere) passasjerer, reisende, tur3) ( også overført) kost, kosthold, mat4) ( gammeldags) tilstandfare limit eller fare stage takstsone, takstgrensefare meter taksameterhard fare enkel kostIIverb \/feə\/1) ha det, klare seg, gå, fare2) forklaring: bli underholdt, spesielt med mat og drikke, leve3) (litterært, gammeldags) dra, fare, ferdesdra ut, dra av stedfare ye well? ( gammeldags) farvel!, lev vel!fare no better with someone ikke gå bedre med noenhow did you fare? hvordan hadde du det?, hvordan ble du behandlet?, hvordan gikk det for deg?one may go farther and fare worse man kan ha det verre -
31 round ****
[raʊnd]1. adjrotondo (-a), (arms, body) grassoccio (-a), (cheeks) paffuto (-a)a round table — un tavolo rotondo, (fig) un'associazione
2. advall round; right round — tutt'intorno, tutt'in giro
3. prepintorno a, attorno aall round the house — (inside) dappertutto in casa, (outside) tutt'intorno alla casa
to look round a house/a town — visitare una casa/una città
round the clock — ininterrottamente, 24 ore su 24
4. n1) (circle) cerchio, tondo, (Brit: slice: of bread, meat) fetta2)3) (of watchman, postman, milkman) giroto go the rounds — (illness) diffondersi, (story) passare di bocca in bocca, circolare
4) Boxing round m inv, Golf partita, Showjumping percorso, (in tournament, competition) incontro5. vt1) (make round: lips) arrotondare, (edges) smussare2) (go round: corner) girare, voltare, (bend) superare, Naut doppiare•- round on- round up -
32 tilt
1. n наклон, наклонное положение2. n склон3. n амер. качели4. n столкновение, схватка; стычка; сшибка; встреча, дуэль5. n наскок, нападение6. n ист. нападение всадника с копьём наперевес7. n кино вертикальное панорамирование8. v наклонять, опрокидывать; откидывать, поворачивать; кантовать9. v наклоняться, склоняться10. v выворачивать; опорожнять, высыпать11. v качаться12. v спорт. делать выпад; поднимать, опускать13. v бить, ударять; бросаться с копьём наперевес14. v бороться; биться; сталкиваться; спорить15. v ист. биться на копьях, сражаться на турнире16. v ковать17. v кино вертикально перемещать кино- или телекамеру18. n парусиновый навес19. n тент; палатка20. v снабжать навесомСинонимический ряд:1. lean (noun) cant; dip; incline; lean; lurch; tip2. slope (noun) angle; drop; grade; gradient; inclination; leaning; list; pitch; rake; slant; slope3. tournament (noun) tournament; tourney4. battle (verb) battle; combat; contend; fight; struggle; vie; wrestle5. joust (verb) collision; contest; duel; encounter; engagement; joust; match; oppose; tournament; tourney6. roll (verb) cant; lurch; pitch; roll; seesaw; swag; tilter; yaw7. slant (verb) careen; heel; incline; lean; list; rake; recline; slant; slope; tipАнтонимический ряд: -
33 last
last [lα:st]1. adjective• to make it through to the last four (in tournament) atteindre les demi-finales ; (in race) arriver dans les quatre premiers• that's the last time I lend you anything! c'est la dernière fois que je te prête quelque chose !• I'll get it, if it's the last thing I do je l'aurai coûte que coûte► to be on one's/its last legs > (inf) [person] être à bout ; [company] être au bord de la faillite• the washing machine is on its last legs (inf) la machine à laver va bientôt nous lâcher (inf)► the last wordb. ( = past) dernier• last week/year la semaine/l'année dernière• last month/summer le mois/l'été dernier• for the last two years he has been... depuis deux ans il est...• what did you do last time? qu'avez-vous fait la dernière fois ?c. ( = least likely or desirable) dernier• that's the last thing to worry about c'est le dernier de mes (or ses etc) soucis2. adverba. ( = at the end) en dernierb. ( = most recently) la dernière foisc. ( = finally) pour terminer• last, I would like to say... pour terminer, je voudrais dire...3. noun• this is the last of the pears (one) c'est la dernière poire ; (several) ce sont les dernières poires• I'd be the last to criticize, but... j'ai horreur de critiquer, mais...► the last (of sth) ( = the end)you haven't heard the last of this! vous n'avez pas fini d'en entendre parler ! ; (threatening) vous aurez de mes nouvelles !• the last I heard, she was abroad aux dernières nouvelles, elle était à l'étranger• here he is! -- at last! le voici ! -- enfin !a. ( = continue) [pain, film, supplies] durer• will this good weather last till Saturday? est-ce que le beau temps va durer jusqu'à samedi ?b. ( = hold out) tenirc. ( = remain usable) durer• I have enough money to last me a lifetime j'ai assez d'argent pour tenir jusqu'à la fin de mes jours6. compounds► last out[person] tenir (le coup) ; [money] suffire* * *[lɑːst], US [læst] 1.1) ( for shoes) forme f2) ( end of life)2.the last I heard... — aux dernières nouvelles...
the last but one — l'avant-dernier/-ière
3.the night before last — ( evening) avant-hier soir; ( night) la nuit d'avant-hier
1) ( final) [hope, novel, time] dernier/-ière (before n)for the last time, will you be quiet! — c'est la dernière fois que je vous le dis, taisez-vous!
2) ( describing past time) dernier/-ièrelast week/year — la semaine/l'année dernière
in ou over the last ten years — durant ces dix dernières années
last night — ( evening) hier soir; ( night-time) la nuit dernière
3) ( most unlikely) dernier/-ièrethe last thing they want is publicity! — la publicité, c'est vraiment ce qu'ils souhaitent le moins!
4.the last thing I need is guests for the weekend — il ne me manquait plus que des invités pour le week-end iron
1) ( in final position)to come in last — [runner, racing car] arriver en dernier
to be placed last — être classé dernier/-ière
2) ( most recently)5.she was last in Canada in 1976 — la dernière fois qu'elle est allée au Canada, c'était en 1976
transitive verb6.1) ( extend in time) durer2) ( maintain condition) [fabric] faire de l'usage; [perishables] se conserver•Phrasal Verbs:- last out -
34 TOC
1) Компьютерная техника: time-of-coincidence2) Медицина: test-of-cure3) Американизм: Treaty Operations Center4) Спорт: Tournament Of Champions, Tournaments Of Champions5) Военный термин: Tactical Operations Center, The Obliteration Committee, technical order compliance, test operations center, test operations change, theater of operations command, theater of operations commander, total operating cost, transfer of control, travel order card, troop operations center, turn-on command, ТОЦ (Tactical Operation Center; тактический оперативный центр)6) Техника: Tin Over Cardboard, television operating center, top of core7) Строительство: taking over certificate8) Математика: Theory Of Constraints9) Карточный термин: Турнир чемпионов (Tournament of Champions).10) Железнодорожный термин: Consolidated Rail Corporation, ж/д компания (train operating company)11) Юридический термин: Typically Out Of Control12) Экономика: ТОС, теория ограничения, теория ограничения систем13) Сокращение: Tactical Operations Center (USA), Test Observation Center, Total Ownership Cost, total ordering cost, (total antioxidant capacity) ССА (суммарное содержание антиоксидантов), ООУ (total organic carbon - общий органический углерод)14) Университет: Time Out Of Class15) Фото: Total Optical Color16) Электроника: Total Oxidizable Carbon17) Вычислительная техника: Table Of Contents (CD)18) Нефть: top of casing, top of cement, top of concrete, total oxygen control, верх цементной колонны, верхняя граница цементного кольца (top of cement), кровля цемента (в скважине), (total organic carbon) общее содержание органического углерода19) Транспорт: Transportation Operating Command20) Фирменный знак: Train Operating Company21) Экология: total organic carbon22) СМИ: The Omnipotent Critic23) Бурение: голова цемента (top of cement), Верхняя граница цементного моста24) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: cement level, cement top25) Нефтегазовая техника Tag Open Cup26) Сетевые технологии: оглавление, таблица содержания, таблица содержимого27) Полимеры: target optimization control28) Химическое оружие: Transfers of Custody29) Макаров: общий органический углерод30) Расширение файла: Table Of Contents (index file)31) Нефть и газ: tons coal equivalent, tons of coal equivalent, тонн в угольном эквиваленте, тонн у.э., тонн угольного эквивалента, туэ32) Логистика: выполнение требований технической инструкции33) МИД: transnational organised crime34) Фантастика Terror Of Cats -
35 toc
1) Компьютерная техника: time-of-coincidence2) Медицина: test-of-cure3) Американизм: Treaty Operations Center4) Спорт: Tournament Of Champions, Tournaments Of Champions5) Военный термин: Tactical Operations Center, The Obliteration Committee, technical order compliance, test operations center, test operations change, theater of operations command, theater of operations commander, total operating cost, transfer of control, travel order card, troop operations center, turn-on command, ТОЦ (Tactical Operation Center; тактический оперативный центр)6) Техника: Tin Over Cardboard, television operating center, top of core7) Строительство: taking over certificate8) Математика: Theory Of Constraints9) Карточный термин: Турнир чемпионов (Tournament of Champions).10) Железнодорожный термин: Consolidated Rail Corporation, ж/д компания (train operating company)11) Юридический термин: Typically Out Of Control12) Экономика: ТОС, теория ограничения, теория ограничения систем13) Сокращение: Tactical Operations Center (USA), Test Observation Center, Total Ownership Cost, total ordering cost, (total antioxidant capacity) ССА (суммарное содержание антиоксидантов), ООУ (total organic carbon - общий органический углерод)14) Университет: Time Out Of Class15) Фото: Total Optical Color16) Электроника: Total Oxidizable Carbon17) Вычислительная техника: Table Of Contents (CD)18) Нефть: top of casing, top of cement, top of concrete, total oxygen control, верх цементной колонны, верхняя граница цементного кольца (top of cement), кровля цемента (в скважине), (total organic carbon) общее содержание органического углерода19) Транспорт: Transportation Operating Command20) Фирменный знак: Train Operating Company21) Экология: total organic carbon22) СМИ: The Omnipotent Critic23) Бурение: голова цемента (top of cement), Верхняя граница цементного моста24) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: cement level, cement top25) Нефтегазовая техника Tag Open Cup26) Сетевые технологии: оглавление, таблица содержания, таблица содержимого27) Полимеры: target optimization control28) Химическое оружие: Transfers of Custody29) Макаров: общий органический углерод30) Расширение файла: Table Of Contents (index file)31) Нефть и газ: tons coal equivalent, tons of coal equivalent, тонн в угольном эквиваленте, тонн у.э., тонн угольного эквивалента, туэ32) Логистика: выполнение требований технической инструкции33) МИД: transnational organised crime34) Фантастика Terror Of Cats -
36 match
1. n спичкаdead match — негодная, незагоревшаяся спичка
2. n воен. запальный фитиль; огнепровод3. v окуривать4. n человек, подходящий под пару; ровня; пара5. n равный по силам противник, соперник6. n вещь, подходящая под паруa perfect match of colours — отлично подобранные цвета; прекрасное сочетание цветов
to be a good match — подходить, сочетаться, гармонировать
7. n матч, состязание, соревнованиеto play a match against the French team — выступать в соревнованиях против французской команды, играть матч с французской командой
8. n брак9. n партия10. n уст. сговор11. n уст. париto make a match — держать пари, биться об заклад
12. v подходить под пару, под стать; соответствоватьto match well — точно соответствовать; гармонировать
13. v подбирать под пару, под стать; сочетатьmatch up — совпадать; сочетать
14. v согласовывать, приводить в соответствиеwe try to match the jobs with the applicants — мы стараемся подобрать подходящую работу тем, кто подал заявление
match condition — условие соответствия; условие совпадения
15. v тех. подгонять, пригонять, выравнивать16. v противопоставлять17. v женить; выдавать замуж; сватать18. v уст. жениться; выйти замуж19. v подбрасывать монету; играть в орлянку20. v стр. шпунтовать21. v редк. спаривать, случатьСинонимический ряд:1. contest (noun) competition; contest; event; game; meet; race; rivalry; sport; tournament2. equivalent (noun) approximation; equal; equivalent; like; peer3. mate (noun) companion; coordinate; double; duplicate; fellow; mate; riciprocal; twin4. opponent (noun) adversary; antagonist; anti; con; opponent; opposer; oppugnant5. parallel (noun) analogue; correlate; correspondent; counterpart; countertype; parallel6. union (noun) espousal; marriage; mating; union7. agree (verb) accord; agree; be twins; check out; comport; conform; correspond; fit; go together; go with; harmonise; harmonize; resemble; rhyme; square; suit; tally8. amount (verb) amount; approach; compare; correspond; equal; measure up; meet; parallel; partake of; tie; touch9. become (verb) become; befit; conform to; correspond to; fit; go with; suit10. equate (verb) assimilate; balance; equate; even; liken; marry; mate; pair; paragon; unite11. oppose (verb) array; compete with; counter; oppose; pit; play; play off; rival; vieАнтонимический ряд: -
37 fight
1. v вести боевые действия, бой; сражаться, воевать2. v дратьсяto fight for defence — драться в порядке обороны, защиты
3. v вести бой; встречаться на ринге4. v ссориться5. v боротьсяto fight a fire — бороться с огнём, тушить пожар
fight for — бороться за; борьба
6. v защищать, поддерживать7. v редк. руководить, управлять; маневрировать8. v стравливать, натравливать друг на друга; заставлять дратьсяto fight the problem — уклоняться от решения вопроса;
Синонимический ряд:1. attack (noun) aggression; aggressiveness; attack; belligerence; combativeness2. bellicosity (noun) bellicosity; belligerency; pugnacity3. boldness (noun) boldness; hardihood; mettle4. bout (noun) bout; event; match; tournament5. brawl (noun) bobbery; brawl; broil; dogfight; donnybrook; fracas; fray; free-for-all; knock-down-and-drag-out; maul; melee; mellay; riot; rough-and-tumble; rowdydow; ruction; run-in; scrap; scrimmage; scuffle; set-to; tussle6. combat (noun) action; affair; affray; battle; combat; conflict; confrontation; contest; encounter; skirmish; war7. grit (noun) grit; pluck; spirit8. quarrel (noun) altercation; argument; beef; bickering; brabble; brannigan; clash; contention; controversy; debate; difficulty; disagreement; dispute; dust; dustup; embroilment; falling-out; feud; fuss; hassle; imbroglio; miff; quarrel; rhubarb; row; ruckus; spat; squabble; squall; tiff; unpleasantness; words; wrangle9. argue (verb) argue; bicker; feud; hassle; quarrel; quibble; squabble; tiff; wrangle10. battle (verb) battle; buffet; clash; conflict; confront; contend; encounter; oppugn; scramble; scuffle; struggle; tilt; tug; vie; war; wrestle11. brawl (verb) brawl; skirmish; tussle12. combat (verb) buck; challenge; combat; contest; dispute; oppose; repel; resist; traverse; withstand13. duel (verb) duel; joust; sparАнтонимический ряд:agree; agreement; compromise; cowardice; reconcile; truce -
38 History of volleyball
________________________________________William G. Morgan (1870-1942) inventor of the game of volleyball________________________________________William G. Morgan (1870-1942), who was born in the State of New York, has gone down in history as the inventor of the game of volleyball, to which he originally gave the name "Mintonette".The young Morgan carried out his undergraduate studies at the Springfield College of the YMCA (Young Men's Christian Association) where he met James Naismith who, in 1891, had invented basketball. After graduating, Morgan spent his first year at the Auburn (Maine) YMCA after which, during the summer of 1896, he moved to the YMCA at Holyoke (Massachusetts) where he became Director of Physical Education. In this role he had the opportunity to establish, develop, and direct a vast programme of exercises and sports classes for male adults.His leadership was enthusiastically accepted, and his classes grew in numbers. He came to realise that he needed a certain type of competitive recreational game in order to vary his programme. Basketball, which sport was beginning to develop, seemed to suit young people, but it was necessary to find a less violent and less intense alternative for the older members.________________________________________________________________________________In 1995, the sport of Volleyball was 100 years old!The sport originated in the United States, and is now just achieving the type of popularity in the U.S. that it has received on a global basis, where it ranks behind only soccer among participation sports.Today there are more than 46 million Americans who play volleyball. There are 800 million players worldwide who play Volleyball at least once a week.In 1895, William G. Morgan, an instructor at the Young Men's Christian Association (YMCA) in Holyoke, Mass., decided to blend elements of basketball, baseball, tennis, and handball to create a game for his classes of businessmen which would demand less physical contact than basketball. He created the game of Volleyball (at that time called mintonette). Morgan borrowed the net from tennis, and raised it 6 feet 6 inches above the floor, just above the average man's head.During a demonstration game, someone remarked to Morgan that the players seemed to be volleying the ball back and forth over the net, and perhaps "volleyball" would be a more descriptive name for the sport.On July 7, 1896 at Springfield College the first game of "volleyball" was played.In 1900, a special ball was designed for the sport.1900 - YMCA spread volleyball to Canada, the Orient, and the Southern Hemisphere.1905 - YMCA spread volleyball to Cuba1907 Volleyball was presented at the Playground of America convention as one of the most popular sports1909 - YMCA spread volleyball to Puerto Rico1912 - YMCA spread volleyball to Uruguay1913 - Volleyball competition held in Far Eastern Games1917 - YMCA spread volleyball to BrazilIn 1916, in the Philippines, an offensive style of passing the ball in a high trajectory to be struck by another player (the set and spike) were introduced. The Filipinos developed the "bomba" or kill, and called the hitter a "bomberino".1916 - The NCAA was invited by the YMCA to aid in editing the rules and in promoting the sport. Volleyball was added to school and college physical education and intramural programs.In 1917, the game was changed from 21 to 15 points.1919 American Expeditionary Forces distributed 16,000 volleyballs to it's troops and allies. This provided a stimulus for the growth of volleyball in foreign lands.In 1920, three hits per side and back row attack rules were instituted.In 1922, the first YMCA national championships were held in Brooklyn, NY. 27 teams from 11 states were represented.In 1928, it became clear that tournaments and rules were needed, the United States Volleyball Association (USVBA, now USA Volleyball) was formed. The first U.S. Open was staged, as the field was open to non-YMCA squads.1930's Recreational sports programs became an important part of American lifeIn 1930, the first two-man beach game was played.In 1934, the approval and recognition of national volleyball referees.In 1937, at the AAU convention in Boston, action was taken to recognize the U.S. Volleyball Association as the official national governing body in the U.S.Late 1940s Forearm pass introduced to the game (as a desperation play) Most balls played with overhand pass1946 A study of recreation in the United States showed that volleyball ranked fifth among team sports being promoted and organizedIn 1947, the Federation Internationale De Volley-Ball (FIVB) was founded in Paris.In 1948, the first two-man beach tournament was held.In 1949, the first World Championships were held in Prague, Czechoslovakia.1949 USVBA added a collegiate division, for competitive college teams. For the first ten years collegiate competition was sparse. Teams formed only through the efforts of interested students and instructors. Many teams dissolved when the interested individuals left the college. Competitive teams were scattered, with no collegiate governing bodies providing leadership in the sport.1951 - Volleyball was played by over 50 million people each year in over 60 countries1955 - Pan American Games included volleyball1957 - The International Olympic Committee (IOC) designated volleyball as an Olympic team sport, to be included in the 1964 Olympic Games.1959 - International University Sports Federation (FISU) held the first University Games in Turin, Italy. Volleyball was one of the eight competitions held.1960 Seven midwestern institutions formed the Midwest Intercollegiate Volleyball Association (MIVA)1964Southern California Intercollegiate Volleyball Association (SCVIA) was formed in California1960's new techniques added to the game included - the soft spike (dink), forearm pass (bump), blocking across the net, and defensive diving and rolling.In 1964, Volleyball was introduced to the Olympic Games in Tokyo.The Japanese volleyball used in the 1964 Olympics, consisted of a rubber carcass with leather panelling. A similarly constructed ball is used in most modern competition.In 1965, the California Beach Volleyball Association (CBVA) was formed.1968 National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA) made volleyball their fifteenth competitive sport.1969 The Executive Committee of the NCAA proposed addition of volleyball to its program.In 1974, the World Championships in Mexico were telecast in Japan.In 1975, the US National Women's team began a year-round training regime in Pasadena, Texas (moved to Colorado Springs in 1979, Coto de Caza and Fountain Valley, CA in 1980, and San Diego, CA in 1985).In 1977, the US National Men's team began a year-round training regime in Dayton, Ohio (moved to San Diego, CA in 1981).In 1983, the Association of Volleyball Professionals (AVP) was formed.In 1984, the US won their first medals at the Olympics in Los Angeles. The Men won the Gold, and the Women the Silver.In 1986, the Women's Professional Volleyball Association (WPVA) was formed.In 1987, the FIVB added a Beach Volleyball World Championship Series.In 1988, the US Men repeated the Gold in the Olympics in Korea.In 1989, the FIVB Sports Aid Program was created.In 1990, the World League was created.In 1992, the Four Person Pro Beach League was started in the United States.In 1994, Volleyball World Wide, created.In 1995, the sport of Volleyball was 100 years old!In 1996, 2-person beach volleyball was added to the OlympicsThere is a good book, "Volleyball Centennial: The First 100 Years", available on the history of the sport.________________________________________Copyright (c)Volleyball World WideVolleyball World Wide on the Computer Internet/WWWhttp://www.Volleyball.ORG/ -
39 ♦ best
♦ best /bɛst/A a. (superl. relat. di good)1 (il) migliore: my best friend, il mio miglior amico; the best price, il prezzo migliore; the best results, i risultati migliori; the best things in life, le cose migliori della vita; He's the very best, è decisamente il migliore; è il migliore che ci sia; May the best man win, vinca il migliore; Best wishes!, auguri!; (in fondo a una lettera) cordiali saluti!, tante (buone) cose!2 (il) più saggio; (il) più giusto; (il) più consigliabile; (il) migliore: What is the best thing to do?, qual è la cosa migliore da fare?; It's best to leave things are they are, è meglio lasciare le cose come sono; Do whatever you think best, fai come meglio crediB avv. (superl. di well)1 meglio (di tutti, di tutto); nel modo migliore; al meglio: I know her best, io la conosco meglio (di tutti); I study best late in the evening, studio meglio la sera tardi; Who did best?, chi ha fatto meglio?; chi ha avuto il miglior risultato?; It can be best seen under a microscope, lo si vede al meglio con un microscopio2 di più; più di tutti: Which of these novels do you like best?, quale di questi romanzi ti piace di più?; He is the best loved doctor in the hospital, è il medico più amato dell'ospedale; This article sells best, questo articolo si vende più di tutti3 preferibilmente; meglio: a term that is best avoided, un termine che è meglio (o preferibile) evitareC n.1 – the best, il, la migliore: Julie's always been the best at sports, Julie è sempre stata la migliore negli sport2 – the best, il meglio: I want my children to have nothing but the best, voglio che i miei figli abbiano soltanto il meglio; to bring out the best in sb., tirar fuori il meglio in q.; spingere q. a dare il meglio di sé3 – one's best, il proprio meglio; il meglio di sé: to do one's ( very) best, fare del proprio meglio; DIALOGO → - Coursework- I didn't do my best last time, non ho dato il meglio di me l'ultima volta; fare di tutto; fare tutto quello che si può; cercare in tutti i modi (di): I did my best to reassure him, feci di tutto per tranquillizzarlo; to try one's best, fare del proprio meglio; sforzarsi4 – one's best, le condizioni migliori (di q. o qc.); la forma migliore: at one's best, nelle migliori condizioni; nella forma migliore; al meglio (di sé); past its best, (di alimento, prodotto) non più fresco5 – one's best, il vestito migliore (o più bello, più elegante): to wear one's best, avere indosso il vestito più bello; (scherz.) one's Sunday best, il vestito della domenica (o della festa); il vestito bello; l'abito buono7 (in fondo a una lettera, spec. USA) cari saluti: See you soon, best, Gary, arrivederci a presto e cari saluti, Gary● (market.) Best before April 2004, da consumarsi preferibilmente entro il marzo 2004 □ (market.) best-before date, data di scadenza □ (cinem.) best boy, aiuto capo-elettricista □ best buy, miglior acquisto ( consigliato da un'associazione di consumatori, ecc.) □ the best man, il testimone dello sposo □ the best ( of it), la parte migliore; il bello: The best of the joke is that John didn't know, il bello dello scherzo è che John non lo sapeva □ ( sport) the best of three, five, seven, etc., quattro (o sei, ecc.) partite più la bella: best of five tournament, torneo al meglio dei cinque set (o delle cinque partite, ecc.); Let's play best of five, giochiamo al meglio dei cinque set (o partite, ecc.) □ the best of both worlds, il meglio di due situazioni □ (fam. GB) The best of British!, buona fortuna! □ the best of the bunch, il migliore di tutti □ They're the best of friends, sono ottimi amici; sono amicissimi □ Best of luck!, buona fortuna!; auguri! □ the best part of, la maggior parte di; quasi: It took us the best part of an hour to get there, ci mettemmo quasi un'ora per arrivare □ (econ., org. az.) best practice, procedura ottimale; best practice □ (fam. scherz. GB) the best thing since sliced bread, cosa (o persona) eccellente, straordinaria □ best-seller ► bestseller □ best-selling ► bestselling □ All the best!, cordiali saluti!; tante (buone) cose! □ to be (all) for the best, andare a finir bene; andare per il meglio (alla fine); finire nel migliore dei modi ( nelle circostanze) □ as best one can, come meglio si può; al meglio delle proprie capacità □ at best, nel migliore dei casi; al massimo; nella migliore delle ipotesi; quanto meno; (comm., fin.) al meglio: His reaction was at best excessive, la sua reazione è stata quanto meno eccessiva; This is at best a makeshift shelter, al massimo, questo è un riparo d'emergenza; to sell at best, vendere al meglio □ at the best of times, nel migliore dei casi; quando va bene □ for the best, a fin di bene; per il bene di tutti; al meglio □ to get the best of, avere la meglio su; dimostrarsi più forte di; prevalere su □ had best, meglio di tutto sarebbe; converrebbe: You had best do it at once, faresti meglio a farlo subito; We'd best leave him alone, è meglio lasciarlo solo □ to hope for the best, sperare che tutto vada per il meglio □ one's level best, il proprio meglio; tutto quanto si può fare □ to look one's best, essere elegante; stare benissimo; fare un'ottima figura; essere in forma smagliante □ to make the best of st., rassegnarsi e fare buon viso a qc.; accettare qc. con filosofia; ( anche) sfruttare qc. nel miglior modo possibile, fare il miglior uso possibile di qc. □ (GB) to make the best of a bad bargain (o of a bad job), fare buon viso a cattiva sorte (o a cattivo gioco); prenderla con filosofia; fare di necessità virtù □ to make the best of things, adattarsi (alla situazione); tirare avanti (alla meglio) □ to the best of my ability, come meglio so fare; per quel che posso □ to the best of my knowledge, per quel che ne so io □ to the best of my power, come meglio posso; per quanto è nei miei poteri □ with the best of them, alla pari dei migliori; senza essere secondo a nessuno: I can dive with the best of them, quanto a tuffi non sono secondo a nessuno.(to) best /bɛst/v. t.superare; avere la meglio su, spuntarla con. -
40 purse
pə:s
1. сущ.
1) а) кошелек;
бумажник Syn: wallet б) амер. дамская сумочка
2) а) деньги, богатство, мошна (тж. fat purse, heavy purse, long purse) public purse have a common purse lean purse light purse slender purse б) денежный фонд;
средства, выделяемые в качестве премии, приза the public purse ≈ общественный фонд to win a purse in the golf tournament ≈ получить приз на турнире по гольфу
3) вместилище типа мешка, сумки
4) а) зоол. сумка б) анат. мошонка
5) мотня( в неводе) purse seine ≈ кошельковый невод
2. гл.
1) морщить;
сжимать to purse (up) one's lips ≈ поджать губы She pursed up her lips in disapproval. ≈ Она скривила губки, показывая свое недовольство.
2) морщиться His eyebrows pursed up. ≈ Его брови нахмурились. кошелек (американизм) (женская) сумочка, ридикюль деньги, богатство, мошна - long /fat, heavy/ * богатство - slender /lean, light/ * тощий кошелек, безденежье, бедность - the public * казна - to have a common * нести расходы сообща - to open one's *, to dig into one's * тратиться, раскошеливаться - to button up one's * скупиться, скаредничать - this is beyond my * это мне не по карману денежный фонд;
собранные средства - to make (up) a * собирать деньги (особ. по подписке) ;
делать складчину денежный приз;
премия или подарок на деньги собранные по подписке - to give /to put up/ a * присуждать денежный приз, особ. в спорте;
давать денежную премию - to win a * in the race получить приз на скачках что-л. напоминающее мешок, сумку - *s under the eyes мешки под глазами (зоология) сумка (анатомия) мошонка мотня (в неводе) (редкое) знак, предвестник чего-л. (раскаленный уголек, вылетающий из костра и т. п.) > Fortunatus' * неистощимое богатство > a light * makes a heavy heart (пословица) хуже всех бед, когда денег нет > you cannot make a silk * out of a sow's ear из свиного уха шелковый кошелек не сошьешь > little and often fill the * (пословица) по капельке - море, по зернышку - ворох морщить, собирать в складку (часто * up) - to * (up) one's mouth /lips/ поджать губы морщиться (редкое) класть в кошелек to give (или to put up) a ~ присуждать премию, давать деньги ~ кошелек;
to open one's purse раскошеливаться;
the public purse казна;
to have a common purse делить поровну все расходы lady's ~ бот. пастушья сумка ~ деньги, богатство, мошна (тж. fat purse, heavy purse, long purse) ;
lean (или light, slender) purse бедность ~ денежный фонд;
собранные средства;
приз, премия;
to make up a purse собрать деньги (по подписке) ~ кошелек;
to open one's purse раскошеливаться;
the public purse казна;
to have a common purse делить поровну все расходы ~ кошелек;
to open one's purse раскошеливаться;
the public purse казна;
to have a common purse делить поровну все расходы purse богатство ~ денежный фонд;
собранные средства;
приз, премия;
to make up a purse собрать деньги (по подписке) ~ денежный фонд ~ деньги, богатство, мошна (тж. fat purse, heavy purse, long purse) ;
lean (или light, slender) purse бедность ~ деньги ~ кошелек;
to open one's purse раскошеливаться;
the public purse казна;
to have a common purse делить поровну все расходы ~ мешок, сумка (тж. зоол.) ;
purses under the eyes мешки под глазами ~ мотня (в неводе) ~ собранные средства Purse: Purse: Privy ~ ассигнования на содержание короля (Великобритания) ~ (up) one's mouth поджать губы ~ мешок, сумка (тж. зоол.) ;
purses under the eyes мешки под глазами
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