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1 σημεῖον
σημεῖον, τό, [dialect] Ion. [full] σημήϊον, [dialect] Dor. [full] σᾱμήϊον IG12(3).452 (Thera, iv B.C.), [full] σᾱμεῖον IPE12.352.25 (Chersonesus, ii B.C.), IG5(1).1390.16 (Andania, i B.C.), [full] σᾱμᾶον CIG5168 ([place name] Cyrene):—= σῆμα in all senses, and more common in Prose, but never in Hom. or Hes.:A mark by which a thing is known, Hdt.2.38;σημεῖα τῶν δεδικασμένων.., σημεῖα πάντων ὧν ἔπραξαν Pl.R. 614c
; sign of the future, τυραννίδος ς. A.Ag. 1355;σ. λαβεῖν ἔκ τινος E.Hipp. 514
; trace, track,σημεῖα δ' οὔτε θηρὸς οὔτε του κυνῶν.. ἐξεφαίνετο S.Ant. 257
, cf. El. 886;τῆς καταβάσεως X.An.6.2.2
; of a cork on a buoy, Paus.8.12.1.b [dialect] Dor., tomb, IG12(3).452 (iv B.C.), CIGl.c.2 sign from the gods, omen, S.OC94;τὰ ἀπὸ τῶν θεῶν σ. γενόμενα Antipho 5.81
, cf. Pl.Phdr. 244c, Ap. 40b, X.Cyr.1.6.1; wonder, portent, LXX Ex.4.8, al.;σ. καὶ τέρατα Plb.3.112.8
, Ev.Matt.24.24, Ev.Jo.4.48, cf. IPEl.c., D.S.17.114;φόβηθρα καὶ σ. ἀπ' οὐρανοῦ Ev.Luc.21.11
; esp. of the constellations, regarded as signs,δύεται σημεῖα E.Rh. 529
(lyr.), cf. Ion 1157.3 sign or signal to do a thing, made by flags, ἀνέδεξε σημήϊον τοῖσι ἄλλοισι ἀνάγεσθαι he made signal for the rest to put to sea, Hdt.7.128; signal for battle, τὰ σ. ἤρθη, κατεσπάσθη, Th.1.49,63, etc.; καθαιρεῖν τὸ ς. to take it down, strike the flag, as a sign of dissolving an assembly, And.1.36; τὸ τῆς ἐκκλησίας ς. Ar.Th. 278; ὕστερος ἐλθεῖν τοῦ ς. Id.V. 690: generally, signal,σ. ὑποδηλῶσαί τινι ὅτι.. Id.Th. 1011
;τὰ σ. αὐτοῖς ἤρθη Th.4.42
; τὸ σ. τοῦ πυρός, ὡς εἴρητο, ἀνέσχον ib. 111; signal to commence work, [ἡ] τοῦ σημείου ἄρσις Ath.Mitt.35.403
(Pergam.); σημείῳ ἀβαστάκτῳ, σημείοις ἀβαστάκτοις with unremoved signal (s), of gymnasia, i.e. never closed, IGRom.4.446 (ibid.), Abh.Berl.Akad.1932(5).44(ibid., ii A.D.).4 standard or flag, on the admiral's ship, Hdt.8.92; on the general's tent, X.Cyr.8.5.13; ἔξω τῶν ς. out of the lines, ib.8.3.19.5 landmark, boundary, limit, ἔξω τῶν σ. τοῦ ὑμετέρου ἐμπορίου out of the limits of your commercial port, D.35.28; of milestones, Plu.CG7, Hdn.2.13.9.6 device upon a shield, Hdt.1.171, E.Ph. 1114; upon ships, figure-head, Ar.Ra. 933, Th.6.31, E.IA 255 (lyr.).7 signet on ring, etc., Ar.Eq. 952, V. 585, Pl.Tht. 191d, al., X.HG5.1.30, D.42.2, PRev.Laws 26.5 (iii B.C.); figure, image,Διὸς κτησίου Anticl.13
; badge,τρίαιναν σ. θεοῦ A.Supp. 218
: pl., written characters,γράψαι σημήϊα.. φωνῆς IG14.1549
([place name] Rome).8 watchword, war-cry, Plb.5.69.8;ἀπὸ σ. ἑνὸς ἐπιστρέφειν τὰς ναῦς Th.2.90
, cf.X.HG6.2.28.II sign, token, indication of anything that is or is to be, S.OT 1059, E.Ph. 1332;σ. φαίνεις ἐσθλὸς.. γεγώς S.El.24
, cf. OT 710;τέχνης σ. τῆς ἐμῆς Id.Ant. 998
; so laterτὰ σ. τῶν καιρῶν Ev.Matt.16.3
, etc.2 in reasoning, a sign or proof, Ar.Nu. 369, Th.1.6,10, And. 2.25, etc.;τούτων ὑμῖν σημεῖα δείξω Aeschin.2.103
, cf. 3.46;τάδε τὰ σ. ὡς.. X.Ages.1.5
;σ. εἰ.. Pl.Grg. 520e
; ὅτι ἀγαθὸς ἦν.., τοῦτο μέγιστον ς. Id.Min. 321b; τὸ μὴ ἐκδυθῆναι οὐδὲν σ. ἐστι is no proof to the contrary, Antipho 2.2.5; also, instance, example, Hp.VM 20; σημεῖον δέ· to introduce an argument, D.21.149, Isoc.4.86,107, etc.3 in the Logic of Arist., a sign used as a probable argument in proof of a conclusion, opp. τεκμήριον (a demonstrative or certain proof), APr. 70a11, SE 167b9, Rh. 1357a33.b in Stoic and Epicurean philos., sign as observable basis of inference to the unobserved or unobservable, Epicur.Ep.2p.43U., Phld.Sign.27, al., S.E.M.8.142, al.; περὶ σημείων (dub. sens.), title of work by Zeno, Stoic.1.14.4 Medic., symptom, Hp.Morb.3.6, 15, Aret.SD1.9, Gal.1.313, 18(2).306.5 pl., shorthand symbols, Plu.Cat.Mi.23, Gal. Libr.Propr.1, POxy.724.3 (ii A.D.), Lib.Or.42.25.III = στιγμή, mathematical point, Arist.APo. 76b5, Ph. 240b3, Euc.Def.1, al.; also ς. (with or without χρόνου) point of time, instant, Arist.Cael. 283a11, Ph. 262b2sq.2 in Prosody and Music, unit of time, Aristid.Quint.1.14, Longin.Proll. Heph.5.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > σημεῖον
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2 γράφω
A- ψω Hdt.1.95
, etc.: [tense] aor. ἔγραψα, [dialect] Ep.γράψα Il.17.599
: [tense] pf.γέγραφα Cratin.124
, Th.5.26, etc.; laterγεγράφηκα PHib. 1.78.2
(iii B. C.):—[voice] Med., [tense] fut. , etc. (but in pass. sense, Gal.Protr.13): [tense] aor. , etc.:—[voice] Pass., [tense] fut.γρᾰφήσομαι Hp.Acut.26
, Nicom.Com.1.39, ([etym.] μετεγ-) Ar.Eq. 1370; more freq.γεγράψομαι S.OT 411
, Theoc.18.47, etc.: [tense] aor. ἐγράφην [ᾰ], Hdt.4.91, Pl.Prm. 128c, etc.; (Milet., v B. C.), Archim.Fluit.2.4: [tense] pf. γέγραμμαι (also in med. sense, v. fin.), [ per.] 3sg.ἔγραπται Opp.C.3.274
; part. ἐγραμμένος or (Elis, dub.), Leg.Gort.1.45, al.; laterγεγράφημαι Ph.2.637
: [ per.] 3pl.γεγράφαται IG 12.57.10
, [dialect] Dor.γεγράβανται Schwyzer 90.12
([place name] Argos): [tense] plpf.ἐγέγραπτο X.Mem.1.2.64
: [ per.] 3pl.ἐγεγράφατο D.C.56.32
. Used by Hom. only in [tense] aor. [voice] Act.:—scratch, graze,αἰχμὴ γράψεν οἱ ὀστέον ἄχρις Il.17.599
; γράψας ἐν πίνακι πτυκτῷ θυμοφθόρα πολλά having marked or drawn signs thereon, 6.169: hence, later, represent by lines, draw, paint, Hdt.2.41, A.Eu.50, Pl.R. 377e; γῆς περιόδους γ. draw maps, Hdt.4.36;γ. Ἔρωθ' ὑπόπτερον Eub.41.1
;προσπεπατταλευμένον γ. τὸν Προμηθέα Men.535.2
;ἀνδριάντα γ. Pl.R. 420c
; ζῷα γ., = ζωγραφεῖν (q. v.), Id.Grg. 453c: metaph.,ὁπόσα τοὺς λειμῶνας αἱ ὧραι γράφουσι Philostr.Im.Praef.
:—[voice] Med.,ζῷα γράφεσθαι Hdt.4.88
:—[voice] Pass.,εἰκὼν γεγραμμένη Ar.Ra. 537
;πίνακες γεγραμμένοι τὰ Ἀλεξάνδρου ἔργα Philostr.VA2.20
.2 Math., describe a figure, Euc.Post.3, al., Archim.Sph.Cyl.1.23, al., Gal.1.47.b of a point or line in motion, generate a figure, Arist.Mech. 848b10, al.;τὸ σαμεῖον ἕλικα γράψει Archim.Sph.Cyl.1
, cf.Apollon.Perg.Con.1.2, Hero Aut.8.1.II express by written characters, write, τι Hdt.1.125, etc.;γ. διαθήκην Pl.Lg. 923c
, cf. X.Cyr.4.5.34 ([voice] Pass.); γ. τινὶ ὅτι .. Th.7.14; γ. τινί, c. inf., SIG552.13 (Abae, iii B. C.);γ. τι εἰς διφθέρας Hdt.5.58
: prov.,ὅρκους.. γυναικὸς εἰς ὕδωρ γράφω S.Fr. 811
, cf. Xenarch.6;εἰς τέφραν γ. Philonid.7
; εἰς ὕδωρ, ἐν ὕδατι, Men. Mon.25, Pl.Phdr. 276c;ἐν χρυσῷ πίνακι Id.Criti. 120c
;ἐν φλοιῷ Theoc.18.47
;καθ' ὕδατος Luc.Cat.21
;εἰς πέλαγος γράμματα γράψαι Epigr.Gr.1038.8
([place name] Attalia):—[voice] Pass., πόθι φρενὸς γέγραπται in what leaf of memory it is written, Pi.O.10(11).3.2 inscribe, γ. εἰς σκῦλα, εἰς στήλην, E.Ph. 574, D.9.41:—[voice] Pass., γράφεσθαί τι to be inscribed with a thing, S.Tr. 157; have my name inscribed,IG
12(7).3* (dub.); ἐν τῷ προσώπῳ γραφεὶς τὴν συμφοράν having it branded on his forehead, Pl.Lg. 854d; γεγραμμένα κωκύουσαν, of the hyacinth, Euph.40.3 write down, γ. τινὰ αἴτιον set him down as the cause, Hdt.7.214; γ. τι ἱερόν τινι register as.., Pi.O.3.30; in magic, invoke a curse upon, Tab.Defix.Aud.14A1; γ. τινὰ κληρονόμον, ἐπίτροπον, institute by a written document, Pl.Lg. 923c, 924a; register, enrol,ἐμὲ γράφε τῶν ἱππεύειν ὑπερεπιθυμούντων X.Cyr. 4.3.21
; οὐ Κρέοντος προστάτου γεγράψομαι, as a dependent of Cr., S. OT 411.4 γ. τινί write a letter to one,γ. σοὶ ἵνα εἰδῇς PGrenf. 1.11
ii 21 (ii B. C.), etc.;εἴς τινα Luc.Syr.D.23
.5 γ. περί τίνος write on a subject, X.Cyn.13.2, etc.;ὑπέρ τινος Plb.1.1.4
, etc.; εἴς τινα against.., Longin.4.3; πρός τινα address a work to.., Id.1.3; describe,οἱ ὑφ' ἡμῶν γραφόμενοι καιροί Plb.2.56.4
; esp. of Prose, opp. ποιεῖν, Isoc.2.48: c. dupl. acc.,τί.. γράψειειν ἄν σε μουσοποιὸς ἐν τάφῳ
;E.
Tr. 1189.6 write down a law to be proposed: hence, propose, move, γνώμην, νόμον, ψήφισμα, etc., X.HG1.7.34, Ar.Nu. 1429, etc.: abs. (sc. νόμον), D.18.179;γ. καὶ νομοθετεῖν περί τινος Id.24.48
; γ. πόλεμον, εἰρήνην, Id.10.55, 19.55: c. inf., ;ἔγραψα.. ἀποπλεῖν.. τοὺς πρέσβεις Id.18.25
; enact,νόμοι οὓς τὸ πλῆθος συνελθὸν ἔγραψε X.Mem.1.2.42
:—[voice] Pass.,παρὰ τὰ γραφέντα δρᾶν Pl.Plt. 295d
;τὸ γεγραμμένον ὑπὸ σοῦ ψήφις μα Din.1.70
.8 ὁ γράφων τὸν Ὀξυρυγχίτην (sc. νομόν ) the secretary for the nome of Oxyrhynchus, POxy.239.1 (i A. D.);τῷ ἰδίῳ λόγῳ γράφοντι τὸν νομόν PFlor.358.5
(ii A. D.).B [voice] Med., write for oneself or for one's own use, note down, Hdt. 2.82, IG12.57.39, etc.;γ. τι ἐν φρεσίν A.Ch. 450
(lyr.);φρενῶν ἔσω S.Ph. 1325
; ἐγραψάμην ὑπομνήματα I wrote me down some memoranda, Pl.Tht. 143a; cause to be written,συγγραφήν D.56.6
, etc.; γ. πρόσοδον πρὸς τὴν βουλήν petition for a hearing before the Council, Id.24.48.2 enrol oneself,γράψασθαι φυλῆς καὶ δήμου καὶ φρατρίας IG12.374.16
, ib.2.115b21: abs., of colonists, Pl.Lg. 850b; but also (cf. A.11.3), ἕνα τῶν μαθητῶν ἐμὲ γράφου enrol me as one of your disciples, Id.Cra.428b.3 as law-term, γ. τινά to indict one, τινός for some public offence, e.g. τῆς αἰσχροκερδείας, Pl.Lg. 754e;γ. [τινὰ] παρανόμων D.18.13
; in full,γραφὴν γράψασθαί τινα Ar.Nu. 1482
(but in [voice] Pass., εἴ σοι γράφοιτο δίκη ib. 758);γράψασθαι δίκας SIG344.38
([place name] Teos): c. acc. et inf.,γ. τινὰ ἀδικεῖν Ar.V. 894
, cf. Pax 107: abs., οἱ γραψάμενοι the prosecutors, Id.V. 881;ἑτέροις οὐκ ἦν γράψασθαι And.1.75
; also γράφεσθαί τι indict an act, i. e. the doer of it, as criminal, ἐγράψατο τὴν Χαβρίου δωρειάν he brought a γραφὴ παρανόμων against the person who proposed the grant to Chabrias, D.20.146, cf. 95; τὸ χάριν τούτων ἀποδοῦναι παρανόμων γράφει ([ per.] 2sg.) Id.18.119.b [voice] Pass., to be indicted,γραφεὶς ἀπέφυγον D.18.103
; τοῦτο τὸ ψήφισμα ἐγράφη παρανόμων was indicted as illegal, Aeschin.3.62; ψηφίσματα ὑπὸ τούτου οὐδὲ γραφέντα not even indicted, D.18.222 (but in 18.28, εἰ μὴ τοῦτ' ἐγράφη if this decree had not been proposed, as [voice] Pass. of A. 11.6); τὰ γεγραμμένα the articles of the indictment, Id.18.56; τὸ γεγραμμένον the penalty named in the indiclment, Id.24.83:—but γέγραμμαι usu. takes the sense of the [voice] Med., indict, Id.18.59, 119, cf. Pl.Euthphr.2b, Tht. 210d. -
3 βιβλίον
βιβλίον, ου, τό (Hdt., Aristoph.+; s. Preisigke, Fachwörter) der. from βύβλος, Egyptian papyrus, from whose strips writing material was manufactured.① brief written message, document (Demosth., Ep. 1, 3; Appian, Iber. 41 §167 β. ἐσφραγισμένα; Polyaenus 7, 19 [of an ἐπιστολή]; Jos., C. Ap. 1, 101; later pap: APF 5, 263; Mitt-Wilck. I/2, 42, 8 [314 A.D.]; s. Preis.) β. ἀποστασίου certificate of divorce (Dt 24:1, 3) which, acc. to law, an Israelite had to give his wife when he dismissed her Mt 19:7; Mk 10:4.—S. ἀπολύω 5.② long written composition (either of a total work or of parts of a work), scroll, book, Rv 6:14 (Is 34:4); 20:12; of the scroll of the Law (Synes., Ep. 4 p. 162b and prob. as early as Diod S 34+35 Fgm. 1, 3 [Hecataeus of Abdera—III B.C.?] of a stone figure of Moses μετὰ χεῖρας ἔχον βιβλίον) Gal 3:10 (Vi. Aesopi G 81 P. τὸ βιβλίον τοῦ τῆς πόλεως νόμου); Hb 9:19 (Ex 24:7); of the scroll of a prophet Lk 4:17, 20; B 12:9 (Ex 17:14), cp. Hb 10:7 (Ps 39:8); of John’s gospel J 20:30 (Plut., Mor. 189d ταῦτα ἐν τοῖς βιβλίοις γέγραπται); cp. 21:25. W. μεμβράναι 2 Ti 4:13. Esp. of apocal. books Rv 1:11; 5:1ff (ERussell, BiblSacra 115, ’58, 258–64 [mancipatio]—s. σφραγίς; Diod S 14, 55, 1 βιβλίον ἐπεσφραγισμένον … ἀνοίγειν καὶ ποιεῖν τὰ γεγραμμένα); 10:8; 22:7, 9f, 18f; Hv 1, 2, 2; 2, 4, 2. Of holy writings gener. τὰ β. (w. ἀπόστολοι) 2 Cl 14:2 (s. AvHarnack, Zentralbl. f. Bibliothekswesen 45, 1928, 337–42). Cp. Papias (2:4, in contrast to τὰ παρὰ ζώσης φωνῆς). β. τῆς ζωῆς book of life Rv 13:8; 17:8; 20:12; 21:27 (s. βίβλος 2). Of the works of Papias (1:4, 8, 9).—CMcCown, Codex and Roll in the NT: HTR 34, ’41, 219–50.—DELG s.v. βύβλος. M-M. TW. Sv. -
4 γένεσις
A origin, source,Ὠκεανόν τε θεῶν γένεσιν Il.14.201
; Ὠκεανοῦ, ὅς περ γ. πάντεσσι τέτυκται ib. 246, cf. Pl.Tht. 180d; beginning, in dual,τοῖν γενεσέοιν ἡ ἑτέρα Id.Phd. 71e
.II manner of birth, Hdt.1.204, 6.69, etc.; race, descent, Id.2.146; ; κατὰ γένεσιν, opp. καθ' υἱοθεσίαν, IG12(1).181 ([place name] Rhodes).2 Astrol., nativity, geniture, AP 11.164 (Lucill.), 183 (Id.), Epigr.Gr.314.21 ([place name] Smyrna), PLond.1.98r60 (i A. D.), Vett.Val.216.6: hence, lot, fortune, Astramps.Orac. 16.8,23.7.III production, generation, coming into being, opp. ὄλεθρος, Parm.8.21; more usu. opp. φθορά, Pl.Phlb. 55a, etc.; περὶ γενέσεως καὶ φθορᾶς, title of work by Arist.: generally, formation,πύου Hp.Aph.2.47
; origination, making, ἱματίων, περὶ τὰ ἀμφιέσματα, Pl. Plt. 281b,3;γ. καὶ οὐσία δικαιοσύνης Id.R. 359a
.IV concrete, creation, i.e. all created things, Pl.Phdr. 245e;γ. καὶ κόσμος Id.Ti. 29e
, freq. in Ph., as 1.3,al., cf. Plot.6.3.2, etc.V race, kind or sort of animals, Pl.Plt. 265b, etc.; family, δίδυμος γ. of the Spartan kings, Id.Lg. 691d.VI generation, age, Id.Phdr. 252d: pl., Id.Plt. 310d; κατὰ περίστασιν τῆς γ. according to the circumstances of his time, Porph.Sent.32.VIII Math., generation of a figure, Papp.234.4,al.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > γένεσις
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5 πλάσμα
A anything formed or moulded, image, figure,πλάσματα πηλοῦ Ar.Av. 686
; κήρινον.. οὐκ οἶδ' ὅ τι π. as it were a piece of wax- work, Pl.Tht. 197d, cf. 200c, Sph. 239e ; of figures made by bakers, Men.113 : pl., cakes of incense, POxy.2144.29 (iii A.D.).II counterfeit, forgery,π. ὅλον ἐστὶν ἡ διαθήκη D.45.29
.b figment, fiction,πλάσματα τῶν προτέρων Xenoph.1.22
, cf. Arist.Cael. 289a6, Str.1.2.36, J.BJ1.1.2, Plu.Thes.28, etc. ; of a story which is fictitious but possible, opp.ἱστορία 11
andμῦθος 11.3
, S.E.M.1.263, Aus. Prof.21.26, cf. Ph.1.528.III formed style in writing or speaking,π. καὶ τὴν ἄλλην κατασκευὴν δημηγόρου Id.Rh.1.199
S.; opp. τρόπος, σχῆμα, ib.164S.; π. ἱστορικόν, opp. ὑπαγωγικόν, D.H. Pomp.4 ; ἡνίκ' ἂν ᾖ ποιητικὸν τοῦ λόγου τὸ π. Longin.15.8.2 in music, affected execution, with trills, falsetto, etc., μετὰ πλάσματος αὐλεῖν, opp. ἀπλάστως, Thphr.HP4.11.5 ; of studied intonation in orators or actors,π. φωνῆς ἀθόρυβον Plu.Per.5
, cf. 2.405d ; lectio plasmate effeminata, Quint.Inst.1.8.2 ;ἀναγνώσεις μετὰ πλάσματος Sor. 1.49
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6 πλεονάζω
Aπεπλεόνακα D.S.1.90
:—[voice] Pass., [tense] pf.- ασμαι Hp.Fract.7
, etc.: [tense] aor.- άσθην Id.Art.47
: ([etym.] πλέον):—to be more, esp. to be more than enough, superfluous, opp. ἐλλείπειν, ὑπολείπειν, Arist.EN 1106a31, Col. 799a18; τὸ πλεονάζον the excess, PRev.Laws 57.13 (iii B. C.), LXXEx.26.12; π. παρά c. acc., to be in excess of.., ib.Nu.3.46;ἐπλεόνασεν ἡ ἁμαρτία Ep.Rom.5.20
; of animals, have more than the due number of limbs, opp. κολοβὰ γίνεσθαι, Arist.GA 770b32; of visits, to be frequent, Plb.4.3.12; of the sea, encroach, Arist.Mete. 351b6, cf. Plu.2.366b; πάθος defined as ὁρμὴ πλεονάζουσα, Zeno Stoic.1.50; εἰκασία ἐστὶ μεταφορὰ πλεονάζουσα simile is expanded metaphor, Demetr.Eloc. 80;τὸ ς ¯ πλεονάσαν
used to excess,D.H.
Comp.14: Gramm., to be redundant, Demetr.Lac.Herc.1012.21, etc.;Ἀρίσταρχος οὐκ ἔλεγε πλεονάζειν τὸ ἄρθρον A.D.Synt.6.2
; also of letters, τὸ ε ¯ πλεονάζει (in ἑ-ώρων) Id.Pron.58.25; but π. τῷ ῑ to have an added [pron. full] ῑ (as in ἐμεῖο), ib. 38.20; cf. 111.6.2 c. gen., exceed, opp. λείπω, Ptol.Geog.1.20.7: abs., τὸ -άζον ἔργον the extra work, PLille 1v.16 (iii B. C.); τοὺς -άζοντας τῶν ρκέ (sc. ἐρίφους ) the odd 25 out of 125, PCair.Zen.422.7 (iii B. C.).II of persons, go beyond bounds, take or claim too much, Isoc.2.33, 12.85, D.9.24, 39.14: c. dat., presume upon..,εὐτυχίᾳ Th.1.120
; butπ. κυνηγεσίαις
go beyond bounds in..,Str.
11.5.1; of a writer,τοῖς ὀνόμασι π. Id.3.3.7
: abs., to be lengthy, tedious, Id.9.1.16, D.S.1.90, LXX2 Ma.2.32; περί τινος Parmenisc. ap. Ath.4.156d.2 π. τινός have an excess of, abound in a thing, opp. ἐνδεὴς εἶναι, Arist.Pol. 1257a33, cf. Epicur.Sent.4; but π. τοῦ καιροῦ exceed all bounds.., of a writer, D.H.Comp.22.III c. acc., state at a higher figure, Str.6.3.10:—[voice] Pass., to be magnified, exaggerated, [νομίσειεν ἂν] ἔστιν ἃ πλεονάζεσθαι Th.2.35
, cf. Str.2.4.3; πεπλεόνασται has been overdone, opp. ἐνδεὲς πεποίηται, Hp.Fract.7, cf. Art.47.3 eat in too great quantity, τι Diph.Siph. ap. Ath.8.356d, Dsc.4.75, 82 (all [voice] Pass.).4 raise the price of, τι Aristid.1.170J.5 [voice] Pass., to be deceived, prob. f.l. for πλεονεκτεῖσθαι, Stob.2.7.11m.6 Gramm., use in addition or redundantly, εἰώθασιν οἱ Ἀττικοὶ τὰ ἄρθρα πλεονάζειν Sch.Ar.Pl.5; :—[voice] Pass., τὸ ῡ πλεοναζόμενον ψιλοῦται ib.440.12.7 to be in excess of unity, partake of plurality, Procl.Inst.2.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > πλεονάζω
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7 ὑπόστασις
A as an act, standing under, supporting,ἡ κεφαλὴ τοῦ μηροῦ καὶ ὁ αὐχὴν τοῦ ἄρθρου.. ὑπὸ συχνῷ μέρει τοῦ ἰσχίου τὴν ὑ. πεποίηται Hp.Art.55
; [τοὺς προσθίους πόδας] ἔχουσιν.. οὐ μόνον ἕνεχ' ὑποστάσεως τοῦ βάρους Arist.PA 659a24
;ἐνεπάγην εἰς ἰλὺν βυθοῦ, καὶ οὐκ ἔστιν ὑ. LXX Ps.68(69).3
.2 resistance,τοῦ κύματος Arist.Mete. 368b12
(unless = settling down); so perh. in Hp.Off.3, Ael.Fr.59.B as a thing,I in liquids, that which settles at the bottom, sediment, Hp.Steril.242, Arist.HA 551b29, Mete. 382b14, Thphr.HP 9.8.3; esp. of sediment in the urine, Hp.Coac. 146, 389, Aph.4.69, al., Gal.6.252, al.; but the urine itself is called ἡ ὑ. ἡ εἰς τὴν κύστιν, Arist. Mete. 358a8;ἡ τῆς ὑγρᾶς τροφῆς ὑ. Id.PA 647b28
; ἐκ τῶν νεφρῶν ἡ γιγνομένη ὑ. ib. 671b20; also of the dry excrement, ἡ τῆς ξηρᾶς τροφῆς ὑ. ib. 647b28, cf. 677a15, Mete. 358b9.b an accumulation of pus, abscess, Hp.Art.40.2 νέφους ὑποστάσεις cloud-cumuli, D.S.1.38.4 metaph. of time, duration,ἡ στιγμιαία τῶν καιρῶν ὑ. Gal.19.187
; μνήσθητι τίς μου ἡ ὑ. remember how short my time is, LXX Ps.88(89).48; ἡ ὑ. μου ὡσεὶ οὐθὲν ἐνώπιόν σου mine age is as nothing before thee, ib.38(39).6; ἐφ' ὅσον αὐτοῦ (sc. Ἕκτορος) ἡ ὑ. τῶν χρόνων ὑπῆρχεν as long as his store of years lasted, Vett.Val.347.14.5 coming into existence, origin,ἡ ὑ. μου ἐν τοῖς κατωτάτω τῆς γῆς LXX Ps.138(139).15
;περὶ τοῦ γένους.. τῶν Ἰουδαίων.. ὅτι.. τὴν πρώτην ὑ. ἔσχεν ἰδίαν J.Ap.1.1
; ἀκμὴ οὐδὲ ἔχει γενέσεως ὑ. καθ' ἑαυτήν has no power of originating by itself, Hermog. Id.1.10.II foundation or substructure of a temple, etc., LXX Na.2.7, D.S.1.66, 13.82; ὑποστάσεις ἐπάλξεων lower part of a crenellated wall, Ph.Bel.84.9; ὑ. ξύλου is f.l. for ὑπότασις ξ. in Hp. Mochl.25.2 metaph. of a narrative, speech, or poem, ground-work, subject-matter, argument, Plb.4.2.1, D.S.1.3, etc.3 plan, purpose, Id.16.32;κατὰ τὴν ἰδίαν ὑ. Id.1.28
, 15.70;πρὸς τὴν ἰδίαν ὑ. Id.1.3
; οἱ Αἰγύπτιοι.. ἰδίᾳ τινὶ ὑ. κεχρημένοι εἰσί (sc. in their calendar) Gem.8.16, cf. 25;κατὰ τὴν Καίσαρος ὑ. BMus.Inscr.892.21
(Halic., i B. C./i A. D.).4 confidence, courage, resolution, steadiness, of soldiers, Plb.4.50.10,6.55.2; hope,ἔστι μοι ὑ. τοῦ γενηθῆναί με ἀνδρί LXX Ru.1.12
; ἀπώλετο ἡ ὑ. αὐτῆς ib.Ez.19.5, cf. Ep.Hebr.3.14;ἡ ὑ. τῆς καυχήσεως 2 Ep.Cor.11.17
, cf. 9.4; ἔστιν δὲ πίστις ἐλπιζομένων ὑπόστασις confidence in things hoped for, Ep.Hebr.11.1 (unless substance be the right sense here).5 undertaking, promise,οἱ ὑπογεγραμμένοι γεωργοὶ ἐπέδωκαν ἡμῖν ὑπόστασιν PEleph.15.3
(iii B. C.), cf. PTheb.Bank1.8 (ii B. C.), PTeb.61 (b). 194 (ii B. C.).6 Astrol., τὰ τούτου (sc. κλήρου τύχης) τετράγωνα ὑπόστασις (fort. - στάσεις) [λέγεται] Serapio in Cat.Cod.Astr.8(4).227.III substantial nature, substance, δύσσχιστα, τῷ κολλώδη τὴν ὑ. ἔχειν woods hard to cleave, because of their resinous substance, Thphr.CP5.16.4; ἡ τοῦ γεώδους ὑ. ib.6.7.4.2 substance, actual existence, reality (οἱ νεώτεροι τῶν φιλοσόφων ἀντὶ τῆς οὐσίας τῇ λέξει τῆς ὑ. ἐχρήσαντο Socr. HE3.7
), opp. semblance,φαντασίαν μὲν ἔχειν πλούτου, ὑ. δὲ μή Artem.3.14
; τῶν ἐν ἀέρι φαντασμάτων τὰ μέν ἐστι κατ' ἔμφασιν, τὰ δὲ καθ' ὑπόστασιν (substantial, actual), Arist.Mu. 395a30, cf. Placit.3.6, D.L.7.135, 9.91; so ὑποστάσεις are the substances of which the reflections ([etym.] αἱ κατοπτρικαὶ ἐμφάσεις) appear in the mirror, Placit.4.14.2; ὑ. ἔχειν have substantial existence, Demetr.Lac.Herc.1055.14, S.E. P.2.94, 176, M.Ant.9.42; ἰδίᾳ χρησάμενον ὑποστάσει ( ὑποτάσει cod.), πρὸς ἰδίαν ὑ. φυτευθέντα, a separate existence, Sor.1.96, cf. 33;ὑπόστασιν μὴ ἔχειν Id.2.57
;ὑποστάσεις τε καὶ μεταβολαί M.Ant.9.1
, cf. 10.5; [ἡ παρασιτικὴ] διαφέρει καὶ τῆς ῥητορικῆς καὶ τῆς φιλοσοφίας.. κατὰ τὴν ὑ. (in respect of reality)· ἡ μὲν γὰρ ὑφέστηκεν, αἱ δὲ οὔ Luc. Par.27
;κατ' ἰδίαν ὑ. καὶ οὐσίαν S.E.M.9.338
.3 real nature, essence,χαρακτὴρ τῆς ὑ. Ep.Hebr.1.3
.IV as a Rhet. figure, the full expression or expansion of an idea, Hermog.Id.1.11, Aristid. Rh.1p.479S., Syrian. in Hermog.1.60 R.VI wealth, substance, property, ib.De.11.6, Je.10.17, POxy.1274.15 (iii A. D.), BGU1020.16 (vi A. D.), etc.2 pl., title deeds, documents recording ownership of property, POxy.237 viii 26 (ii A. D.).Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ὑπόστασις
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8 καταλύω
καταλύω (s. prec. entry for mngs. 1–3, and κατάλυμα for mng. 4) fut. καταλύσω; 1 aor. κατέλυσα; pf. inf. καταλελυκέναι (Just., D. 41, 1). Pass.: 1 fut. καταλυθήσομαι; 1 aor. κατελύθην (Hom.+).① to detach someth. in a demolition process, throw down, detach of a stone fr. a building Mt 24:2; Mk 13:2; Lk 21:6.② to cause the ruin of someth., destroy, demolish, dismantleⓐ lit. of buildings (Hom. et al.; 2 Esdr 5:12; Jos., Ant. 9, 161 τ. ναοῦ [τ. θεοῦ] καταλυθέντος; SibOr 3, 459) τ. ναὸν τοῦ θεοῦ Mt 26:61; cp. 27:40; Mk 14:58; 15:29. τὸν τόπον τοῦτον this place Ac 6:14.ⓑ fig. (opp. οἰκοδομεῖν) tear down, demolish Gal 2:18. Of the body as an earthly tent ἐὰν ἡ ἐπίγειος ἡμῶν οἰκία τοῦ σκήνους καταλυθῇ if the earthly tent we live in is destroyed or taken down 2 Cor 5:1. τὸ ἔργον τοῦ θεοῦ tear down the work (i.e. the Christian congregation which, because of vs. 19, is prob. thought of as a building of God) Ro 14:20. On the contrary, the figure of the building is not present, and the gener. mng. destroy, annihilate (Strabo 13, 2, 3 p. 617; Ael. Aristid. 29 p. 570 D.: ἐλπίδας; TestBenj 3:8) is found in τὰ ἔργα τῆς θηλείας (s. ἔργον 3 end) GEg 252, 55.③ to end the effect or validity of someth., put an end toⓐ to cause to be no longer in force abolish, annul, make invalid (Hdt.+) κ. τὸν νόμον do away with, annul or repeal the law Mt 5:17a (cp. X., Mem. 4, 4, 14; Isocr. 4, 55; Diod S 34+35 Fgm. 3 and 40, 2 [of the intention of the Seleucids against the Jews: καταλύειν τοὺς πατρίους νόμους]; Philostrat., Vi. Apoll. 4, 40; 2 Macc 2:22; Philo, Somn. 2, 123; Jos., Ant. 16, 35; 20, 81; Ath., R. 19 p. 72, 28). τ. νόμον κ. τ. προφήτας (sim. Mt 5:17a) Lk 23:2 v.l. τὰς θυσίας abolish sacrifices GEb 54, 20. Abs. Mt 5:17b (opp. πληροῦν); D 11:2.ⓑ to bring to an end, ruin, (Appian, Prooem. C. 10 §42 ἀρχάς=empires; Arrian, Anab. 4, 10, 3 τυραννίδα; 4 Macc 4:24 τὰς ἀπειλάς; Jos., Ant. 12, 1 τὴν Περσῶν ἡγεμονίαν) ἡ βουλὴ καταλυθήσεται the plan will fail Ac 5:38. Also of pers. (TestJob 34:5; Just., D. 100, 6 al.; Diod S 16, 47, 2 τοὺς μάγους; Appian, Bell. Civ. 1, 48 §210) suppress, stop vs. 39. Of rulers who are deposed (Diod S 1, 66, 6; 9, 4, 2 [a tyrant]; 14, 14, 7 al.; Polyaenus 7, 3 and 10; 8, 29; IAndrosIsis, Kyme 25) καταλύεται ὁ ἄρχων τοῦ αἰῶνος τούτου the ruler of this age is deposed ITr 4:2.④ to cease what one is doing, halt (lit. ‘unharness the pack animals’), rest, find lodging (Thu. et al.; SIG 978, 8; UPZ 12, 37 [158 B.C.]; 62, 34; BGU 1097, 5; Gen 19:2; 24:23, 25; Sir 14:25, 27; 36:27; JosAs 3:3; Jos., Vi. 248; Just., D. 78, 5 [ref. Lk 2:7]; cp. En 5:6) Lk 9:12. W. εἰσέρχεσθαι 19:7.—B. 758. M-M. EDNT. TW. -
9 ἀνοίγω
ἀνοίγω (ἀνά, οἴγω ‘open’; Hom. +) on this by-form of ἀνοίγνυμι see Kühner-Bl. II 496f; W-S. §12, 7 and §15 (p. 130); B-D-F §101; Rob. 1212f; Mayser 404. Fut. ἀνοίξω; 1 aor. ἀνέῳξα J 9:14 (vv.ll. ἠνέῳξα, ἤνοιξα), ἠνέῳξα vs. 17 (vv.ll. ἤνοιξα, ἀνέῳξα), mostly ἤνοιξα Ac 5:19; 9:40 al.; 2 pf. (intr.) ἀνέῳγα; pf. pass. ἀνέῳγμαι 2 Cor 2:12 (v.l. ἠνέῳγμαι), ptc. ἀνεῳγμένος (ἠνεῳγμένος 3 Km 8:52; ἠνοιγμένος Is 42:20), inf. ἀνεῴχθαι (Just., D. 123, 2). Pass.: 1 aor. ἠνεῴχθην Mt 3:16; v.l. 9:30; Jn 9:10; Ac 16:26 (vv.ll. ἀνεῴχθην, ἠνοίχθην); inf. ἀνεῳχθῆναι Lk 3:21 (ἀνοιχθῆναι D); 1 fut. ἀνοιχθήσομαι Lk 11:9f v.l.; 2 aor. ἠνοίγην Mk 7:35 (vv.ll. ἠνοίχθησαν, διηνοίγησαν, διηνοίχθησαν); Ac 12:10 (v.l. ἠνοίχθη); Hv 1, 1, 4 (Dssm. NB 17 [BS 189]); 2 fut. ἀνοιγήσομαι Mt 7:7; Lk 11:9f (v.l. ἀνοίγεται). The same circumstance prevails in LXX: Helbing 78f; 83ff; 95f; 102f. Thackeray 202ff.① to move someth. from a shut or closed position, trans. a door (Menand., Epitr. 643 Kö.; Polyb. 16, 25, 7; OGI 222, 36; 332, 28, SIG 798, 19; 1 Km 3:15; PsSol 8:17; GrBar 11:5f; Jos., Ant. 13, 92 ἀ. τ. πύλας, Vi. 246; Just., D. 36, 5 τὰς πύλας τῶν οὐρανῶν) τὰς θύρας (really the wings of a double door) Ac 5:19; 12:10 (w. act. force, see 6 below); 16:26f (s. OWeinreich, Türöffnung im Wunder-, Prodigien-u. Zauberglauben d. Antike, d. Judentums u. Christentums: WSchmid Festschr. 1929, 200–452). ἀ. τὸν πυλῶνα open the outer door of the house Ac 12:14. τ. θύραν τ. ναοῦ fig., of the mouth of the believer, who is the temple of God B 16:9 (with this figure cp. Philosoph. Max. 488, 6 τοῦ σοφοῦ στόματος ἀνοιχθέντος, καθάπερ ἱεροῦ, τὰ τῆς ψυχῆς καλὰ βλέπεται ὥσπερ ἀγάλματα=when the mouth of the wise man opens like the door of a temple, the beauties of his soul are as visible as statues [of deities]). Without door as obj. acc., or as subject of a verb in the pass., easily supplied from the context (Achilles Tat. 2, 26, 1) Mt 7:7f; Lk 11:9f; Mt 25:11; Lk 13:25; GJs 12:2.—Used fig. in var. ways (PTebt 383, 29 [46 A.D.]; Epict. Schenkl index θύρα: ἡ θύρα ἤνοικται=I am free to go anywhere) Rv 3:20, cp. 3:7f (s. Is 22:22; Job 12:14). πύλη δικαιοσύνης 1 Cl 48:2, cp. 4. Of preaching that wins attention ἤνοιξεν τοῖς ἔθνεσιν θύραν πίστεως God gave the gentiles an opportunity to become believers Ac 14:27. Cp. θύρας μοι ἀνεῳγμένης since a door was opened for me, i.e. I was given an opportunity to work 2 Cor 2:12 (for 1 Cor 16:9 s. 6 below). Likew. ἀ. θύραν τοῦ λόγου Col 4:3.② to render someth. readily accessible, open, trans., closed places, whose interior is thereby made accessible: a sanctuary 1 Cl 43:5; pass. Rv 11:19; 15:5 heaven (Kaibel 882 [III A.D.] οὐρανὸν ἀνθρώποις εἶδον ἀνοιγόμενον; PGM 4, 1180; 36, 298; Is 64:1; Ezk 1:1; cp. 3 Macc 6:18) Mt 3:16; Lk 3:21; Ac 10:11; Rv 19:11; GEb 18, 36; Hv 1, 1, 4; the nether world Rv 9:2; graves (SIG 1237, 3 ἀνοῖξαι τόδε τὸ μνῆμα; Ezk 37:12, 13) Mt 27:52. Fig., of the throat of the impious τάφος ἀνεῳγμένος ὁ λάρυγξ αὐτῶν their gullet is an open grave (breathing out putrefaction?) Ro 3:13 (Ps 5:10; 13:3).③ to disclose contents by opening, open, trans., τ. θησαυροὺς (SIG2 587, 302 τῷ τ. θησαυροὺς ἀνοίξαντι; 601, 32; 653, 93; Eur., Ion 923; Arrian, Cyneg. 34, 2 ἀνοίγνυται ὁ θησαυρός; Is 45:3; Sir 43:14; Philo, Leg. All. 3, 105; Ath. 1, 1) treasure chests Mt 2:11. κεράμιον οἴνου ἢ ἐλαίου open a jar of wine or oil D 13:6. ἀ. βιβλίον open a book in scroll form (Diod S 14, 55, 1 βιβλίον ἐπεσφραγισμένον … ἀνοίγειν; 2 Esdr 18:5; Da 7:10) Lk 4:17 v.l.; Rv 5:2ff; 10:2, 8 (cp. 2 Esdr 16:5; TestAbr A 12 p. 91, 22 [Stone p. 30]); 20:12.④ to remove an obstruction, open, trans., a seal (X., De Rep. Lac. 6, 4; SIG 1157, 47 [I A.D.] τὰς σφραγῖδας ἀνοιξάτω) Rv 5:9; 6:1–12; 8:1.⑤ to cause to function, open, trans., of bodily partsⓐ mouth ἀ. τὸ στόμα open the mouth of another person 1 Cl 18:15 (cp. Ps 50:17); of a fish, to take something out Mt 17:27; of a mute (Wsd 10:21) Lk 1:64.— Open one’s own mouth to speak (oft. in OT; SibOr 3, 497, but e.g. also Aristoph., Av. 1719) Mt 5:2; 6:8 D; Ac 8:35; 10:34; 18:14; GEb 34, 60. More specif. ἐν παραβολαῖς=he spoke in parables Mt 13:35 (Ps 77:2; cp. Lucian, Philops. 33 ὁ Μέμνων αὐτὸς ἀνοίξας τὸ στόμα ἐν ἔπεσιν ἑπτά). εἰς βλασφημίας (opened its mouth) to blaspheme Rv 13:6.— Not to open one’s mouth, remain silent Ac 8:32; 1 Cl 16:7 (both Is 53:7, as also Mel., P. 64, 462).—Fig., of the earth when it opens to swallow something ἤνοιξεν ἡ γῆ τὸ στόμα αὐτῆς Rv 12:16 (cp. Num 16:30; 26:10; Dt 11:6).ⓑ eyes ἀ. τοὺς ὀφθαλμούς of a blind person (Is 35:5; 42:7; Tob 11:7; Mel., P. 78, 565) Mt 9:30; 20:33; J 9:10, 14, 17, 21, 26, 30, 32; 10:21; B 14:7 (Is 42:7).—One’s own eyes, to see (Epict. 2, 23, 9 and 12; PGM 4, 624) Ac 9:8, 40.—Fig., of spiritual sight Lk 24:31 v.l.; Ac 26:18. τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς τ. καρδίας 1 Cl 36:2; 59:3 (cp. Just., D. 123, 2 προσηλύτων … ἀνεῷχθαι τὰ ὄμματα).ⓒ ears (Epict. 2, 23, 10; PGM 7, 329) of a deaf man Mk 7:35.ⓓ heart, fig. ἀ. τ. καρδίαν πρὸς τ. κύριον open one’s heart to the Lord Hv 4, 2, 4.⑥ to be in a state of openness, be open, intr. (only 2 pf., except that the 2 aor. pass. ἠνοίγη Ac 12:10 [s. 1 above] is the practical equivalent of an intr. Other exx. of 2 pf.: Hippocr., Morb. 4, 39 ed. Littré; VII 558; Plut., Mor. 693d, Coriol. 231 [37, 2]; Lucian, Nav. 4; Polyaenus 2, 28, 1) in our lit. in contexts connoting opportunity θύρα μοι ἀνέῳγεν 1 Cor 16:9 (s. 1 above; Lucian, Soloec. 8 ἡ θύρα ἀνέῳγέ σοι τῆς γνωρίσεως αὐτῶν. Cp. Just., D. 7, 3 φωτὸς ἀνοιχθήναι πύλας).—Cp. τ. οὐρανὸν ἀνεῳγότα J 1:51.⑦ to be candid, be open, intr. (s. 6 beg. for grammatical ref.; s. also 5a) τὸ στόμα ἡμῶν ἀνέῳγεν πρὸς ὑμᾶς our mouth is open toward you, i.e. I have spoken freely and openly 2 Cor 6:11 (cp. Ezk 16:63; 29:21 and ἄνοιξις).—B. 847. DELG s.v. οἴγνυμι. M-M.
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