exitus+n+m

illapsus ( inl-), a, um, Part., from illabor.

illapsus ( inl-), ūs, m. [illabor], a falling, gliding, or flowing in:

umoris illapsus atque exitus,

Col. 2, 2, 11:

serpentino illapsu,

Ambros. Ep. 6, 42:

gregis illapsu fremebundo territus,

Sil. 3, 463.

in (old forms endŏ and indŭ, freq. in ante-class. poets; cf. Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4; id. ap. Macr. S. 6, 2; Lucil. ap. Lact. 5, 9, 20; Lucr. 2, 1096; 5, 102; 6, 890 et saep.), prep. with abl. and acc. [kindr. with Sanscr. an; Greek en, en-tha, en-then, eis, i. e. en-s, ana; Goth. ana; Germ. in], denotes either rest or motion within or into a place or thing; opp. to ex; in, within, on, upon, among, at; into, to, towards.

With abl.

In space.

Lit., in (with abl. of the place or thing in which):

aliorum fructus in terra est, aliorum et extra,

Plin. 19, 4, 22, § 61:

alii in corde, alii in cerebro dixerunt animi esse sedem et locum,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 9, 19:

eo in rostris sedente suasit Serviliam legem Crassus,

id. Brut. 43, 161:

qui sunt cives in eadem re publica,

id. Rep. 1, 32 fin.:

facillimam in ea re publica esse concordiam, in qua idem conducat omnibus,

id. ib.:

T. Labienus ex loco superiore, quae res in nostris castris gererentur, conspicatus,

Caes. B. G. 2, 26, 4:

quod si in scaena, id est in contione verum valet, etc.,

Cic. Lael. 26, 97:

in foro palam Syracusis,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 33, § 81:

plures in eo loco sine vulnere quam in proelio aut fuga intereunt,

Caes. B. C. 2, 35:

tulit de caede, quae in Appia via facta esset,

Cic. Mil. 6, 15:

in via fornicata,

Liv. 22, 36:

vigebat in illa domo mos patrius et disciplina,

Cic. de Sen. 11, 37:

in domo furtum factum ab eo qui domi fuit,

Quint. 5, 10, 16:

nupta in domo,

Liv. 6, 34, 9:

copias in castris continent,

in, within, Caes. B. C. 1, 66:

cum in angusto quodam pulpito stans diceret,

Quint. 11, 3, 130:

se ac suos in vehiculo conspici,

Liv. 5, 40, 10:

malo in illa tua sedecula sedere, quam in istorum sella curuli,

Cic. Att. 4, 10:

sedere in solio,

id. Fin. 2, 21, 66:

Albae constiterant, in urbe opportuna,

id. Phil. 4, 2, 6. —

Sometimes, also, with names of places: omnes se ultro sectari in Epheso memorat mulieres,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 182:

heri aliquot adolescentuli coiimus in Piraeo,

Ter. Eun. 3, 4, 1:

navis et in Cajeta est parata nobis et Brundisii,

Cic. Att. 8, 3, 6:

complures (naves) in Hispali faciendas curavit,

Caes. B. C. 2, 18:

caesos in Marathone ac Salamine,

Quint. 12, 10, 24:

in Berenice urbe Troglodytarum,

Plin. 2, 73, 75, § 183.—

In indicating a multitude or number, of, in, or among which a person or thing is, in, among (= gen. part.):

in his poeta hic nomen profitetur suum,

Ter. Eun. prol. 3:

Thales, qui sapientissimus in septem fuit,

Cic. Leg. 2, 11, 26:

peto ut eum complectare, diligas, in tuis habeas,

id. Fam. 13, 78, 2; cf.:

in perditis et desperatis,

id. ib. 13, 56, 1:

omnia quae secundum naturam fiunt, sunt habenda in bonis,

id. de Sen. 19, 71:

dolor in maximis malis ducitur,

id. Leg. 1, 11, 31:

justissimus unus in Teucris,

Verg. A. 2, 426:

cecidere in pugna ad duo milia... in his quatuor Romani centuriones,

Liv. 27, 12, 16:

in diis et feminae sunt,

Lact. 1, 16, 17.—

Of analogous relations of place or position:

sedere in equo,

on horseback, id. Verr. 2, 5, 10:

quid legati in equis,

id. Pis. 25, 60:

sedere in leone,

Plin. 35, 10, 36, § 109:

in eo flumine pons erat,

on, over, Caes. B. G. 2, 5:

in herboso Apidano,

on the banks of, Prop. 1, 3, 6:

in digitis,

on tiptoe, Val. Fl. 4, 267:

castra in limite locat,

on the rampart, Tac. A. 1, 50:

ipse coronam habebat unam in capite, alteram in collo,

on, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 11, § 27:

oleae in arbore,

Cels. 2, 24:

Caesaris in barbaris erat nomen obscurius,

among, Caes. B. C. 1, 61:

in ceteris nationibus, Cels. praef. 1: qui in Brutiis praeerat,

Liv. 25, 16, 7:

in juvenibus,

Quint. 11, 1, 32:

nutus in mutis pro sermone est,

id. 11, 3, 66.—Of dress, like cum, q. v.:

in veste candida,

Liv. 45, 20, 5; 34, 7, 3:

in calceis,

id. 24, 38, 2:

in insignibus,

id. 5, 41, 2:

in tunicis albis,

Plin. Ep. 7, 27, 13:

in Persico et vulgari habitu,

Curt. 3, 3, 4:

in lugubri veste,

id. 10, 5, 17:

in Tyriis,

Ov. A. A. 2, 297:

in Cois,

id. ib. v. 298; cf.:

homines in catenis Romam mittere,

Liv. 29, 21, 12; 32, 1, 8: quis multa te in rosa urget, etc., Hor C. 1, 5, 1; so, in viola aut in rosa, Cic. Tusc. [p. 912] 5, 26, 73.—So of arms:

duas legiones in armis,

Caes. B. G. 7, 11, 6; cf. Verg. A. 3, 395:

in armis hostis,

under arms, Ov. M. 12,65:

quae in ore atque in oculis provinciae gesta sunt (= coram),

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 33, § 81; so,

in oculis provinciae,

id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 2:

in oculis omnium,

id. ib. 1, 3, 7:

divitiae, decus, gloria in oculis sita sunt,

Sall. C. 20, 14; Curt. 4, 13, 1; Liv. 22, 12, 6:

Julianus in ore ejus (Vitellii) jugulatur,

Tac. H. 3, 77; Sen. Ben. 7, 19, 7.—Of a passage in any writing (but when the author is named, by meton., for his works, apud is used, Krebs, Antibarb. p. 561):

in populorum institutis aut legibus,

Cic. Leg. 1, 15, 42:

in illis libris qui sunt de natura deorum,

id. Fat. 1, 1:

in Timaeo dicit,

id. N. D. 1, 12, 30:

epistula, in qua omnia perscripta erant,

Nep. Pelop. 3, 2:

perscribit in litteris, hostes ab se discessisse,

Caes. B. G. 5, 49; but in is also used with an author's name when, not a place in his book, but a feature of his style, etc., is referred to:

in Thucydide orbem modo orationis desidero,

Cic. Or. 71, 234:

in Herodoto omnia leniter fluunt,

Quint. 9, 4, 18.—Of books:

libri oratorii diu in manibus fuerunt,

Cic. Att. 4, 13, 2; id. Lael. 25, 96; but more freq. trop.: in manibus habere, tenere, etc., to be engaged, occupied with, to have under control or within reach:

philosophi quamcunque rem habent in manibus,

id. Tusc. 5, 7, 18:

quam spem nunc habeat in manibus, exponam,

id. Verr. 1, 6, 16:

rem habere in manibus,

id. Att. 6, 3, 1; cf.:

neque mihi in manu fuit Jugurtha qualis foret,

in my power, Sall. J. 14, 4:

postquam nihil esse in manu sua respondebatur,

Liv. 32, 24, 2:

quod ipsorum in manu sit,... bellum an pacem malint,

Tac. A. 2, 46; but, cum tantum belli in manibus esset, was in hand, busied (cf.:

inter manus),

Liv. 4, 57, 1; so,

quorum epistulas in manu teneo,

Cic. Phil. 12, 4, 9; cf. id. Att. 2, 2, 2:

in manu poculum tenens,

id. Tusc. 1, 29, 71:

coronati et lauream in manu tenentes,

Liv. 40, 37, 3; Suet. Claud. 15 fin. —Of that which is thought of as existing in the mind, memory, character, etc.:

in animo esse,

Cic. Fam. 14, 11:

in animo habere,

id. Rosc. Am. 18, 52:

lex est ratio insita in natura,

id. Leg. 1, 6, 18:

in memoria sedere,

id. de Or. 2, 28, 122; cf.:

tacito mutos volvunt in pectore questus,

Luc. 1, 247:

quanta auctoritas fuit in C. Metello!

Cic. de Sen. 17, 61. —So freq. of a person's qualities of mind or character:

erat in eo summa eloquentia, summa fides,

Cic. Mur. 28, 58; cf.:

in omni animante est summum aliquid atque optimum, ut in equis,

id. Fin. 4, 41, 37:

si quid artis in medicis est,

Curt. 3, 5, 13; cf.:

nibil esse in morte timendum,

Lucr. 3, 866.— Esp., in eo loco, in that state or condition:

in eo enim loco res sunt nostrae, ut, etc.,

Liv. 7, 35, 7: si vos in eo loco essetis, quid aliud fecissetis? Cat. ap. Quint. 9, 2, 21; so,

quo in loco, etc.: cum ex equitum et calonum fuga, quo in loco res essent, cognovissent,

Caes. B. G. 2, 26:

videtis, quo in loco res haec siet, Ter Phorm. 2, 4, 6: quod ipse, si in eodem loco esset, facturus fuerit,

Liv. 37, 14, 5.—Hence, without loco, in eo esse ut, etc., to be in such a condition, etc.:

non in eo esse Carthaginiensium res, ut Galliam armis obtineant,

Liv. 30, 19, 3:

cum res non in eo esset, ut Cyprum tentaret,

id. 33, 41, 9; 8, 27, 3; 2, 17, 5; Nep. Mil. 7, 3; id. Paus. 5, 1 (cf. I. C. 1. infra).—

In time, indicating its duration, in, during, in the course of:

feci ego istaec itidem in adulescentia,

in my youth, when I was young, Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 6:

in tempore hoc,

Ter. And. 4, 5, 24:

in hoc tempore,

Tac. A. 13, 47:

in tali tempore,

Sall. C. 48, 5; Liv. 22, 35; 24, 28 al.:

in diebus paucis,

Ter. And. 1, 1, 77:

in brevi spatio,

id. Heaut. 5, 2, 2; Suet. Vesp. 4:

in qua aetate,

Cic. Brut. 43 fin.:

in ea aetate,

Liv. 1, 57:

in omni aetate,

Cic. de Sen. 3, 9:

in aetate, qua jam Alexander orbem terrarum subegisset,

Suet. Caes. 7:

qua (sc. Iphigenia) nihil erat in eo quidem anno natum pulchrius,

in the course of, during the year, Cic. Off. 3, 25, 95 (al. eo quidem anno):

nihil in vita se simile fecisse,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 91: nihil in vita vidit calamitatis A. Cluentius. id. Clu. 6, 18:

in tota vita inconstans,

id. Tusc. 4, 13, 29.—

In tempore, at the right or proper time, in time (Cic. uses only tempore; v. tempus): eccum ipsum video in tempore huc se recipere, Ter. Phorm. 2, 4, 24:

ni pedites equitesque in tempore subvenissent,

Liv. 33, 5:

spreta in tempore gloria interdum cumulatior redit,

id. 2, 47:

rebellaturi,

Tac. A. 12, 50:

atque adeo in ipso tempore eccum ipsum obviam,

Ter. And. 3, 2, 52: in tempore, opportune. Nos sine praepositione dicimus tempore et tempori, Don. ad Ter. And. 4, 4, 19.—

In praesentia and in praesenti, at present, now, at this moment, under these circumstances:

sic enim mihi in praesentia occurrit,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 8, 14:

vestrae quidem cenae non solum in praesentia, sed etiam postero die jucundae sunt,

id. ib. 5, 35, 100:

id quod unum maxime in praesentia desiderabatur,

Liv. 21, 37:

haec ad te in praesenti scripsi, ut, etc.,

for the present, Cic. Fam. 2, 10, 4.—

With gerunds and fut. pass. participles, to indicate duration of time, in:

fit, ut distrahatur in deliberando animus,

Cic. Off. 1, 3, 9; id. Fam. 2, 6, 2:

vitiosum esse in dividendo partem in genere numerare,

id. Fin. 2, 9, 26:

quod in litteris dandis praeter consuetudinem proxima nocte vigilarat,

id. Cat. 3, 3, 6:

ne in quaerendis suis pugnandi tempus dimitteret,

Caes. B. G. 2, 21:

in agris vastandis incendiisque faciendis hostibus,

in laying waste, id. ib. 5, 19:

in excidenda Numantia,

Cic. Off. 1, 22, 76:

cum in immolanda Iphigenia tristis Calchas esset,

id. Or. 21, 74.—

In other relations, where a person or thing is thought of as in a certain condition, situation, or relation, in:

qui magno in aere alieno majores etiam possessiones habent,

Cic. Cat. 2, 8, 18:

se in insperatis repentinisque pecuniis jactare,

id. Cat. 2, 9, 20:

Larinum in summo timore omnium cum armatis advolavit,

id. Clu. 8, 25.—

So freq., of qualities or states of mind: summa in sollicitudine ac timore Parthici belli,

Caes. B. C. 3, 31:

torpescentne dextrae in amentia illa?

Liv. 23, 9, 7:

hunc diem perpetuum in laetitia degere,

Ter. Ad. 4, 1, 5; Cic. Cat. 4, 1, 2:

in metu,

Tac. A. 14, 43:

in voluptate,

Cic. Fin. 1, 19, 62:

alicui in amore esse,

beloved, id. Verr. 2, 4, 1, § 3:

alicui in amoribus esse,

id. Att. 6, 1, 12:

res in invidia erat,

Sall. J. 25, 5; Liv. 29, 37, 17: sum in expectatione omnium rerum, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 4, 10:

num... Diogenem Stoicum coegit in suis studiis obmutescere senectus?

in his studies, Cic. de Sen. 7, 21:

mirificam cepi voluptatem ex tua diligentia: quod in summis tuis occupationibus mihi tamen rei publicae statum per te notum esse voluisti,

even in, notwithstanding your great occupations, id. Fam. 3, 11, 4.—

So freq., of business, employment, occupations, etc.: in aliqua re versari,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 47, § 105:

similia iis, quae in consilio dixerat,

Curt. 5, 5, 23:

in certamine armorum atque in omni palaestra quid satis recte cavetur,

Quint. 9, 4, 8:

agi in judiciis,

id. 11, 1, 78:

tum vos mihi essetis in consilio,

Cic. Rep. 3, 18, 28:

in actione... dicere,

Quint. 8, 2, 2.—Of an office, magistracy:

in quo tum magistratu forte Brutus erat,

Liv. 1, 59, 7; 4, 17, 1:

in eo magistratu pari diligentia se praebuit,

Nep. Han. 7, 5 (cf. B. 1. supra):

in ea ipsa causa fuit eloquentissimus,

Cic. Brut, 43, 160:

qui non defendit nec obsistit, si potest, injuriae, tam est in vitio, quam, etc.,

is in the wrong, acts wrongly, id. Off. 1, 7, 23:

etsi hoc quidem est in vitio, dissolutionem naturae tam valde perhorrescere,

is wrong, id. Fin. 5, 11, 31:

non sunt in eo genere tantae commoditates corporis,

id. ib. 4, 12, 29; cf.:

an omnino nulla sit in eo genere distinctio,

id. Or. 61, 205:

Drusus erat de praevaricatione absolutus in summa quatuor sententiis,

on the whole, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 16; cf.:

et in omni summa, ut mones, valde me ad otium pacemque converto,

id. ib. 3, 5, 5;

but, in summa, sic maxime judex credit, etc.,

in a word, in fine, Quint. 9, 2, 72; Auct. B. Alex. 71; Just. 37, 1, 8:

horum (juvenum) inductio in parte simulacrum decurrentis exercitus erat: ex parte elegantioris exercitii quam militaris artis,

in part, Liv. 44, 9, 5; cf.:

quod mihi in parte verum videtur,

Quint. 2, 8, 6:

patronorum in parte expeditior, in parte difficilior interrogatio est,

id. 5, 7, 22:

hoc facere in eo homine consueverunt,

in the case of, Caes. B. G. 7, 21:

in furibus aerarii,

Sall. C. 52, 12:

Achilles talis in hoste fuit,

Verg. A. 2, 540:

in hoc homine saepe a me quaeris, etc.,

in the case of, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 3, § 6: in nominibus impiis, Sall. C. 51, 15:

suspectus et in morte matris fuit,

Suet. Vit. 14:

qui praesentes metuunt, in absentia hostes erunt, = absentes,

Curt. 6, 3, 8 (cf. I. B. c. supra).—Of the meaning of words, etc.:

non solum in eodem sensu, sed etiam in diverso, eadem verba contra,

Quint. 9, 3, 36:

aliter voces aut eaedem in diversa significatione ponuntur,

id. 9, 3, 69:

Sallustius in significatione ista non superesse sed superare dicit,

Gell. 1, 22, 15:

stips non dicitur in significatione trunci,

Charis. 1, 18, 39:

semper in significatione ea hortus,

Plin. 19, 4, 19, § 50. —

In with abl. of adjj. is used with the verbs esse and habere to express quality:

cum exitus haud in facili essent, i. e. haud faciles,

Liv. 3, 8, 9:

adeo moderatio tuendae libertatis in difficili est,

id. 3, 8, 11; 3, 65, 11; but mostly with adjj. of the first and second declension:

in obscuro esse, Liv. praef. § 3: in dubio esse,

id. 2, 3, 1; 3, 19, 8; Ov. H. 19, 174:

dum in dubiost animus,

Ter. And. 1, 5, 31; 2, 2, 10:

in integro esse,

Cic. Fam. 15, 16, 3; id. Att. 11, 15, 4:

in incerto esse,

Liv. 5, 28, 5:

in obvio esse,

id. 37, 23, 1:

in tuto esse,

id. 38, 4, 10; cf.:

videre te in tuto,

Cat. 30, 6:

in aequo esse,

Liv. 39, 37, 14; Tac. A. 2, 44:

in expedito esse,

Curt. 4, 2, 22:

in proximo esse,

Quint. 1, 3, 4:

in aperto esse,

Sall. C. 5, 3:

in promisco esse,

Liv. 7, 17, 7:

in augusto esse,

Cels. 5, 27, 2:

in incerto haberi,

Sall. J. 46, 8; Tac. A. 15, 17:

in levi habitum,

id. H. 2, 21; cf.:

in incerto relinquere,

Liv. 5, 28, 5; Tac. H. 2, 83.

With acc.

In space, with verbs of motion, into or to a place or thing (rarely with names of towns and small islands;

v. Zumpt, Gram. § 398): influxit non tenuis quidam e Graecia rivulus in hanc urbem,

Cic. Rep. 2, 19:

in Ephesum advenit,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 1, 35:

in Epirum venire,

Cic. Att. 13, 25, 3:

ibo in Piraeeum, visamque, ecquae advenerit in portum ex Epheso navis mercatoria,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 2: venio ad Piraeea, in quo magis reprehendendus sum, quod... Piraeea scripserim, non Piraeeum, quam in quod addiderim;

non enim hoc ut oppido praeposui, sed ut loco,

Cic. Att. 7, 3, 10:

se contulisse Tarquinios, in urbem Etruriae florentissimam,

id. Rep. 2, 19:

remigrare in domum veterem e nova,

id. Ac. 1, 4, 13:

cum in sua rura venerunt,

id. Tusc. 5, 35, 102:

a te ipso missi in ultimas gentes,

id. Fam. 15, 9:

in Ubios legatos mittere,

Caes. B. G. 4, 11:

dein Thalam pervenit, in oppidum magnum et opulentum,

Sall. J. 75, 1:

Regillum antiquam in patriam se contulerat,

Liv. 3, 58, 1:

abire in exercitum,

Plaut. Am. prol. 102.— With nuntio:

cum id Zmyrnam in contionem nuntiatum est,

Tac. A. 4, 56:

nuntiatur in castra,

Lact. Most. Pers. 46; cf.:

allatis in castra nuntiis,

Tac. H. 4, 32: in manus sumere, tradere, etc., into one's hands:

iste unumquodque vas in manus sumere,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 27, § 63:

Falerios se in manus Romanis tradidisse,

Liv. 5, 27, 3.—Rarely with the verbs ponere, collocare, etc. (pregn., i. e. to bring into... and place there):

in crimen populo ponere,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 3, 10:

ut liberos, uxores suaque omnia in silvas deponerent,

Caes. B. G. 4, 19:

duplam pecuniam in thesauros reponi,

Liv. 29, 19, 7:

prius me collocavi in arborem,

Plaut. Aul. 4, 8, 6:

sororem et propinquas suas nuptum in alias civitates collocasse,

Caes. B. G. 1, 18.— Motion in any direction, up to, to, into, down to:

in caelum ascendere,

Cic. Lael. 23 fin.:

filium ipse paene in umeros suos extulisset,

id. de Or. 1, 53, 228:

tamquam in aram confugitis ad deum,

up to the altar, id. Tusc. 3, 10, 25:

Saturno tenebrosa in Tartara misso,

Ov. M. 1, 113:

in flumen deicere,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 25, 70; Nep. Chab. 4, 3.—

Denoting mere direction towards a place or thing, and hence sometimes joined with versus, towards:

quid nunc supina sursum in caelum conspicis,

Plaut. Cist. 2, 3, 78:

si in latus aut dextrum aut sinistrum, ut ipsi in usu est, cubat,

Cels. 2, 3:

Belgae spectant in septentriones et orientem solem,

Caes. B. G. 1, 1:

in orientem Germaniae, in occidentem Hispaniae obtenditur, Gallis in meridiem etiam inspicitur,

Tac. Agr. 10:

in laevum prona nixus sedet Inachus urna,

Stat. Th. 2, 218.—With versus:

castra ex Biturigibus movet in Arvernos versus,

towards, Caes. B. G. 7, 8 fin.:

in Galliam versus movere,

Sall. C. 56, 4: in [p. 913] ltaliam versus, Front. Strat. 1, 4, 11:

si in urbem versus venturi erant,

Plin. Ep. 10, 82. —

So of that which is thought of as entering into the mind, memory, etc. (cf. I. A. 2. fin.):

in memoriam reducere,

Cic. Inv 1, 52, 98:

in animum inducere,

Liv. 27, 9:

in mentem venire,

Cic. Fam. 7, 3:

frequens imitatio transit in mores,

Quint. 1, 11, 3. —

Or into a writing or speech: in illam Metellinam orationem addidi quaedam,

Cic. Att. 1, 13, 5.—

In time, into, till, for:

dormiet in lucem,

into the daylight, till broad day, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 34:

statim e somno, quem plerumque in diem extrahunt, lavantur,

Tac. G. 22: sermonem in multam noctem produximus, deep into the night, Cic. Rep. Fragm. ap. Arus. Mess. p. 239 Lindem.:

in multam noctem luxit,

Suet. Tib. 74:

si febris in noctem augetur,

Cels. 7, 27:

dixit in noctem atque etiam nocte illatis lucernis,

Plin. Ep. 4, 9, 14:

indutias in triginta annos impetraverunt,

for thirty years, Liv. 9, 37, 12; 7, 20, 8:

nisi id verbum in omne tempus perdidissem,

forever, Cic. Fam. 5, 15, 1:

ad cenam hominem in hortos invitavit in posterum diem,

for the following day, id. Off. 3, 14, 58:

audistis auctionem constitutam in mensem Januarium,

id. Agr. 1, 2, 4:

subito reliquit annum suum seque in annum proximum transtulit,

id. Mil. 9, 24:

solis defectiones itemque lunae praedicuntur in multos annos,

for many years, id. Div. 2, 6, 17:

postero die Romani ab sole orto in multum diei stetere in acie,

Liv. 27, 2:

qui ab matutino tempore duraverunt in occasum,

Plin. 2, 31, 31, § 99:

seritur (semen lini) a Kalendis Octobribus in ortum aquilae,

Col. 2, 10, 17.—With usque:

neque illi didicerunt haec usque in senectutem,

Quint. 12, 11, 20:

in illum usque diem servati,

id. 8, 3, 68:

in serum usque patente cubiculo,

Suet. Oth. 11:

regnum trahat usque in tempora fati,

Sil. 11, 392: in posterum (posteritatem) or in futurum, in future, for the future: in praesens, for the present: in perpetuum or in aeternum, forever:

sancit in posterum, ne quis, etc.,

Cic. Cat. 4, 5, 10:

res dilata est in posterum,

id. Fam. 10, 12, 3:

video quanta tempestas invidiae nobis, si minus in praesens, at in posteritatem impendeat,

id. Cat. 1, 9, 22:

id aegre et in praesentia hi passi et in futurum etiam metum ceperunt,

Liv. 34, 27, 10; cf.:

ingenti omnium et in praesens laetitia et in futurum spe,

id. 30, 17, 1:

effugis in futurum,

Tac. H. 1, 71:

quod eum tibi quaestoris in loco constitueras, idcirco tibi amicum in perpetuum fore putasti?

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 30; cf.:

oppidum omni periculo in perpetuum liberavit,

id. Fam. 13, 4, 2:

quae (leges) non in tempus aliquod, sed perpetuae utilitatis causa in aeternum latae sunt,

Liv. 34, 6, 4: in tempus, for a while, for a short time, for the occasion (postAug.):

sensit miles in tempus conficta,

Tac. A. 1, 37:

ne urbs sine imperio esset, in tempus deligebatur, qui jus redderet,

id. ib. 6, 11:

scaena in tempus structa,

id. ib. 14, 20. —So in diem, for the day, to meet the day's want:

nihil ex raptis in diem commeatibus superabat,

Liv. 22, 40, 8:

rapto in diem frumento,

id. 4, 10, 1;

but, cum illa fundum emisset in diem,

i. e. a fixed day of payment, Nep. Att. 9, 5: in singulos dies, or simply in dies, with comparatives and verbs denoting increase, from day to day, daily:

vitium in dies crescit,

Vell. 2, 5, 2:

in dies singulos breviores litteras ad te mitto,

Cic. Att. 5, 7:

qui senescat in dies,

Liv. 22, 39, 15: in diem, daily:

nos in diem vivimus,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 11, 33:

in diem et horam,

Hor. S. 2, 6, 47;

and in horas,

hourly, id. C. 2, 13, 14; id. S. 2, 7, 10.—

In other relations, in which an aiming at, an inclining or striving towards a thing, is conceivable, on, about, respecting; towards, against; for, as; in, to; into:

id, quod apud Platonem est in philosophos dictum,

about the philosophers, Cic. Off. 1, 9, 28:

Callimachi epigramma in Ambraciotam Cleombrotum est,

id. Tusc. 1, 34, 84; cf.:

cum cenaret Simonides apud Scopam cecinissetque id car men, quod in eum scripsisset, etc.,

id. de Or. 2, 86, 352:

quo amore tandem inflammati esse debemus in ejus modi patriam,

towards, id. ib. 1, 44, 196:

in liberos nostros indulgentia,

id. ib. 2, 40, 168:

de suis meritis in rem publicam aggressus est dicere,

id. Or. 38, 133: ita ad impietatem in deos, in homines adjunxit injuriam, against, id. N. D. 3, 34 fin.:

in dominum quaeri,

to be examined as a witness against, id. Mil. 22, 60:

in eos impetum facere,

id. Att. 2, 22, 1:

invehi in Thebanos,

Nep. Epam. 6, 1; id. Tim. 5, 3:

quaecumque est hominis definitio, una in omnes valet,

id. Leg. 1, 10, 29:

num etiam in deos immortales inauspicatam legem valuisse?

Liv. 7, 6, 11:

vereor coram in os te laudare amplius,

to your face, Ter. Ad. 2, 4, 5:

si in me exerciturus (pugnos), quaeso, in parietem ut primum domes,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 168:

in puppim rediere rates,

Luc. 3, 545 Burm. (cf.:

sic equi dicuntur in frena redire, pulsi in terga recedere, Sulp. ad loc.): Cumis eam vidi: venerat enim in funus: cui funeri ego quoque operam dedi,

to the funeral, to take charge of the funeral, Cic. Att. 15, 1, B:

se quisque eum optabat, quem fortuna in id certamen legeret,

Liv. 21, 42, 2:

quodsi in nullius mercedem negotia eant, pauciora fore,

Tac. A. 11, 6:

haec civitas mulieri redimiculum praebeat, haec in collum, haec in crines,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 33:

Rhegium quondam in praesidium missa legio,

Liv. 28, 28; so,

datae in praesidium cohortes,

Tac. H. 4, 35: hoc idem significat Graecus ille in eam sententiam versus, to this effect or purport, Cic. Div. 2, 10, 25; cf. id. Fam. 9, 15, 4:

haec et in eam sententiam cum multa dixisset,

id. Att. 2, 22:

qui omnia sic exaequaverunt, ut in utramque partem ita paria redderent, uti nulla selectione uterentur,

id. Fin. 3, 4, 12:

in utramque partem disputat,

on both sides, for and against, id. Off. 3, 23, 89: te rogo, me tibi in omnes partes defendendum putes, Vatin. ap. Cic. Fam. 5, 10 fin.:

facillime et in optimam partem cognoscuntur adulescentes, qui se ad claros et sapientes viros contulerunt,

id. Off. 2, 13, 46:

cives Romani servilem in modum cruciati et necati,

in the manner of slaves, Cic. Verr. 1, 5, 13; cf.:

miserandum in modum milites populi Romani capti, necati sunt,

id. Prov. Cons. 3, 5:

senior quidam Veiens vaticinantis in modum cecinit,

Liv. 5, 15, 4;

also: domus et villae in urbium modum aedificatae,

Sall. C. 12, 3:

perinde ac si in hanc formulam omnia judicia legitima sint,

Cic. Rosc. Com. 5, 15:

judicium quin acciperet in ea ipsa verba quae Naevius edebat, non recusasse,

id. Quint. 20, 63; cf.:

senatusconsultum in haec verba factum,

Liv. 30, 43, 9:

pax data Philippo in has leges est,

id. 33, 30:

Gallia omnis divisa est in partes tres,

Caes. B. G. 1, 1; cf.:

quae quidem in confirmationem et reprehensionem dividuntur,

Cic. Part. Or. 9, 33: describebat censores binos in singulas civitates, i. e. for or over each state, id. Verr. 2, 2, 53; cf. id. ib. 2, 4, 26:

itaque Titurium Tolosae quaternos denarios in singulas vini amphoras portorii nomine exegisse,

id. Font. 5, 9:

extulit eum plebs sextantibus collatis in capita,

a head, for each person, Liv. 2, 33 fin.:

Macedonibus treceni nummi in capita statutum est pretium,

id. 32, 17, 2; cf.:

Thracia in Rhoemetalcen filium... inque liberos Cotyis dividitur (i. e. inter),

Tac. A. 2, 67.—

Of the object or end in view, regarded also as the motive of action or effect:

non te in me illiberalem, sed me in se neglegentem putabit,

Cic. Fam. 13, 1, 16:

neglegentior in patrem,

Just. 32, 3, 1:

in quem omnes intenderat curas,

Curt. 3, 1, 21:

quos ardere in proelia vidi,

Verg. A. 2, 347:

in bellum ardentes,

Manil. 4, 220:

nutante in fugam exercitu,

Flor. 3, 10, 4:

in hanc tam opimam mercedem agite ( = ut eam vobis paretis, Weissenb. ad loc.),

Liv. 21, 43, 7:

certa praemia, in quorum spem pugnarent,

id. 21, 45, 4:

in id sors dejecta,

id. 21, 42, 2:

in id fide accepta,

id. 28, 17, 9:

in spem pacis solutis animis,

id. 6, 11, 5 et saep.:

ingrata misero vita ducenda est in hoc, ut, etc.,

Hor. Epod. 17, 63:

nec in hoc adhibetur, ut, etc.,

Sen. Ep. 16, 3:

alius non in hoc, ut offenderet, facit, id. de Ira, 2, 26, 3: in quod tum missi?

Just. 38, 3, 4.—So, like ad, with words expressing affections or inclination of the mind:

in obsequium plus aequo pronus,

Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 10:

paratus in res novas,

Tac. H. 4, 32:

in utrumque paratus,

Verg. A. 2, 61.—

Of the result of an act or effort:

denique in familiae luctum atque in privignorum funus nupsit,

Cic. Clu. 66, 188:

paratusque miles, ut ordo agminis in aciem adsisteret,

Tac. A. 2, 16: excisum Euboicae latus ingens rupis in antrum, Verg. A. 6, 42:

portus ab Euroo fluctu curvatus in arcum,

id. ib. 3, 533:

populum in obsequia principum formavit,

Just. 3, 2, 9:

omnium partium decus in mercedem conruptum erat,

Sall. H. 1, 13 Dietsch:

commutari ex veris in falsa,

Cic. Fat. 9, 17; 9, 18:

in sollicitudinem versa fiducia est,

Curt. 3, 8, 20.—

Esp. in the phrase: in gratiam or in honorem, alicujus, in kindness, to show favor, out of good feeling, to show honor, etc., to any one (first in Liv.; cf. Weissenb. ad Liv. 28, 21, 4;

Krebs, Antibarb. p. 562): in gratiam levium sociorum injuriam facere,

Liv. 39, 26, 12:

pugnaturi in gratiam ducis,

id. 28, 21, 4:

quorum in gratiam Saguntum deleverat Hannibal,

id. 28, 39, 13; cf. id. 35, 2, 6; 26, 6, 16:

oratio habita in sexus honorem,

Quint. 1, 1, 6:

convivium in honorem victoriae,

id. 11, 2, 12:

in honorem Quadratillae,

Plin. Ep. 7, 24, 7:

in honorem tuum,

Sen. Ep. 20, 7; 79, 2; 92, 1; Vell. 2, 41 al.—

In the phrase, in rem esse, to be useful, to avail (cf.: e re esse;

opp.: contra rem esse): ut aequom est, quod in rem esse utrique arbitremur,

Plaut. Aul. 2, 1, 10:

si in rem est Bacchidis,

Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 27; 2, 2, 7:

hortatur, imperat, quae in rem sunt,

Liv. 26, 44, 7:

cetera, quae cognosse in rem erat,

id. 22, 3, 2; 44, 19, 3:

in rem fore credens universos adpellare,

Sall. C. 20, 1; cf.:

in duas res magnas id usui fore,

Liv. 37, 15, 7:

in hos usus,

Verg. A. 4, 647.—

To form adverbial expressions:

non nominatim, qui Capuae, sed in universum qui usquam coissent, etc.,

in general, Liv. 9, 26, 8; cf.:

terra etsi aliquanto specie differt, in universum tamen aut silvis horrida aut paludibus foeda,

Tac. G. 5:

in universum aestimanti, etc.,

id. ib. 6:

aestate in totum, si fieri potest, abstinendum est (Venere),

wholly, entirely, Cels. 1, 3 fin.; cf. Col. 2, 1, 2:

in plenum dici potest, etc.,

fully, Plin. 16, 40, 79, § 217:

Marii virtutem in majus celebrare,

beyond due bounds, Sall. J. 73, 5:

aliter se corpus habere atque consuevit, neque in pejus tantum, sed etiam in melius,

for the worse, for the better, Cels. 2, 2:

in deterius,

Tac. A. 14, 43:

in mollius,

id. ib. 14, 39:

quid enim est iracundia in supervacuum tumultuante frigidius? Sen. de Ira, 2, 11: civitas saepta muris neque in barbarum corrupta (v. barbarus),

Tac. A. 6, 42; cf.:

aucto in barbarum cognomento,

id. H. 5, 2:

priusquam id sors cerneret, in incertum, ne quid gratia momenti faceret, in utramque provinciam decerni,

while the matter was uncertain, Liv. 43, 12, 2:

nec puer Iliaca quisquam de gente Latinos In tantum spe tollet avos,

so much, Verg. A. 6, 876:

in tantum suam felicitatem virtutemque enituisse,

Liv. 22, 27, 4; cf.:

quaedam (aquae) fervent in tantum, ut non possint esse usui,

Sen. Q. N. 3, 24:

viri in tantum boni, in quantum humana simplicitas intellegi potest,

Vell. 2, 43, 4:

quippe pedum digitos, in quantum quaeque secuta est, Traxit,

Ov. M. 11, 71:

meliore in omnia ingenio animoque quam fortuna usus,

in all respects, Vell. 2, 13:

ut simul in omnia paremur,

Quint. 11, 3, 25:

in antecessum dare,

beforehand, Sen. Ep. 118.—

Sometimes with esse, habere, etc., in is followed by the acc. (constr. pregn.), to indicate a direction, aim, purpose, etc. (but v. Madvig. Gram. § 230, obs. 2, note, who regards these accusatives as originating in errors of pronunciation); so, esse in potestatem alicujus, to come into and remain in one ' s power: esse in mentem alicui, to come into and be in one ' s mind: esse in conspectum, to appear to and be in sight: esse in usum, to come into use, be used, etc.:

quod, qui illam partem urbis tenerent, in eorum potestatem portum futurum intellegebant,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 38:

ut portus in potestatem Locrensium esset,

Liv. 24, 1, 13; 2, 14, 4:

eam optimam rem publicam esse duco, quae sit in potestatem optimorum,

Cic. Leg. 3, 17:

neque enim sunt motus in nostram potestatem,

Quint. 6, 2, 29:

numero mihi in mentem fuit,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 25; cf.:

ecquid in mentem est tibi?

id. Bacch. 1, 2, 53:

nec prius surrexisse ac militibus in conspectum fuisse, quam, etc.,

Suet. Aug. 16:

quod satis in usum fuit, sublato, ceterum omne incensum est,

Liv. 22, 20, 6: ab hospitibus clientibusque suis, ab exteris nationibus, quae in amicitiam populi Romani dicionemque essent, injurias propulsare, Cic. Div. ap. Caecil. 20, 66: adesse in senatum [p. 914] jussit a. d. XIII. Kal. Octobr., id. Phil. 5, 7, 19.—Less freq. with habere: facito in memoriam habeas tuam majorem filiam mihi te despondisse, call or bring to mind, Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 108:

M. Minucium magistrum equitum, ne quid rei bellicae gereret, prope in custodiam habitum,

put in prison, kept in prison, Liv. 22, 25, 6:

reliquos in custodiam habitos,

Tac. H. 1, 87.—So rarely with other verbs:

pollicetur se provinciam Galliam retenturum in senatus populique Romani potestatem,

Cic. Phil. 3, 4, 8. —

In composition, n regularly becomes assimilated to a foll. l, m, or r, and is changed before the labials into m: illabor, immitto, irrumpo, imbibo, impello.—As to its meaning, according as it is connected with a verb of rest or motion, it conveys the idea of existence in a place or thing, or of motion, direction, or inclination into or to a place or thing: inesse; inhibere, inferre, impellere, etc. See Hand, Turs. III. pp. 243- 356.

in (before b and p, im; before l, m, and r, the n assimilates itself to these consonants), an inseparable particle [kindred with Sanscr. a-, an-; Gr. a-, an; Goth. and Germ. un-], which negatives the meaning of the noun or participle with which it is connected; Engl. un-, in-, not: impar, unequal: intolerabilis, unbearable, intolerable: immitis, not mild, rude, etc.

incertus, a, um (archaic gen. plur. incertūm, Pac. ap. Non. 495, 27), adj. [2. incertus; hence, acc. to certus].

Object., of things whose (external or internal) qualities are not firmly established, uncertain, unsettled, doubtful, untrustworthy, not fast, not firm (class.): amicus certus in re incerta cernitur, Enn. ap. Cic. Lael. 17, 64 (Trag. v. 428 Vahl.); cf. id. ap. Non. 166, 22 (Trag. v. 12 Vahl.):

incerti socii an hostes essent,

Liv. 30, 35, 9:

incertus (infans) masculus an femina esset,

id. 31, 12, 6; cf. Sall. J. 49, 5:

cum incerta bellum an pax cum Celtiberis essent,

Liv. 34, 19, 8 Weissenb.: spe incerta certum mihi laborem sustuli, Ter. Hec. prol. alt. 9; id. And. 2, 3, 16:

nuptiae,

id. ib. 5, 1, 11:

aetas (puerilis) maxime lubrica atque incerta,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 52, § 137:

itinera,

Caes. B. G. 5, 37 fin.:

dominatus,

Cic. Rep. 1, 17:

status,

id. ib. 1, 26:

sedes,

Sall. C. 6, 1:

ambiguae testis incertaeque rei,

Juv. 8, 81:

comarum Anulus incertā non bene fixus acu,

not fast, Mart. 2, 66, 2:

colligere incertos et in ordine ponere crines,

dishevelled, Ov. Am. 1, 11, 1:

per incertam lunam sub luce maligna,

not clearly visible, dim, Verg. A. 6, 270:

soles,

id. ib. 3, 203:

securis,

that did not strike with a sure blow, id. ib. 2, 224:

vultus,

disturbed, uneasy, Sall. J. 106, 2:

ille vitam suam ad incertissimam spem reservavit,

Cic. Sest. 22, 50: arbori incertae nullam prudentia cani Rectoris cum ferret opem, the ship uncertain in her course, because no longer obeying the helm, Juv. 12, 32 Halm. — In neutr. ellipt.:

clauserant portas incertum vi an voluntate,

Liv. 31, 41, 2; 31, 43, 7 al. — Neutr. as adv. ( poet.):

incertum vigilans,

Ov. H. 10, 9; Stat. Th. 5, 212. —

Subject., as respects one's perceptions or convictions, not firmly established, uncertain, undetermined, doubtful, dubious (so most freq. in prose and poetry):

nihil est incertius vulgo,

Cic. Mur. 17, 36:

casus,

id. Or. 28, 98:

ut alia certa, alia incerta esse dicunt,

id. Off. 2, 2, 7; cf.: est igitur ridiculum, quod est dubium, id relinquere incertum, id. Mur. 32, 68; and:

incerta atque dubia,

Plin. 17, 1, 1, § 9 fin.:

ut incertis temporibus diversisque itineribus iretur,

Caes. B. G. 7, 16 fin.; so,

eventus reliqui temporis,

Cic. Quint. 26, 83:

exitus pugnarum,

id. Mil. 21, 56:

adulterium,

Quint. 7, 2, 52:

auctor,

id. 5, 11, 41:

cujus ora puellares faciunt incerta capilli,

make the sex doubtful, Juv. 15, 137:

incerta persona heres institui non potest,

Ulp. Fragm. 22, 4; Gai. Inst. 2, 242; cf. 2, 238.—

With rel. or interrog.-clause:

nunc mihi incertumst, abeam an maneam,

Plaut. Aul. 4, 9, 19:

moriendum certe est, et id incertum, an hoc ipso die,

Cic. Sen. 20, 74; cf. Quint. 1, 6, 27:

(Gallus) avem, an gentem, an nomen, an fortunam corporis significet, incertum est,

id. 7, 9, 2:

confessus est quidem sed incertum, utrum quia verum erat, an quia, etc.,

Plin. Ep. 4, 11, 5:

neque plane occultati humilitate arborum et tamen incerti, quidnam esset,

Sall. J. 49, 5 Kritz.— Abl. absol.:

multi annantes navibus incerto prae tenebris, quid aut peterent aut vitarent, foede interierunt,

Liv. 28, 36, 12.—

Subst.: incer-tum, i, n., an uncertainty:

quicquid incerti mihi in animo prius aut ambiguum fuit, Nunc liquet, nunc defaecatum est,

Plaut. Ps. 2, 4, 69:

ne cujus incerti vanique auctor esset,

Liv. 4, 13, 9:

incerta maris et tempestatum,

Tac. A. 3, 54:

incerta fortunae experiri,

Plin. Ep. 3, 19, 4:

incerta belli,

Liv. 30, 2:

bona, fortunae possessionesque omnium in dubium incertumque revocabuntur,

Cic. Caecin. 27, 76; cf. id. ib. 13, 38:

Minucius praefectus annonae in incertum creatus,

for an indefinite time, Liv. 4, 13, 7:

postremo fugere an manere tutius foret, in incerto erat,

Sall. J. 38, 5:

Allobroges diu in incerto habuere, quidnam consilii caperent,

id. C. 41, 1; cf. id. J. 46, 8:

imperia ducum in incerto reliquerat,

Tac. H. 2, 33 fin. —

Transf., of a person who is in a state of uncertainty respecting any thing, uncertain, in uncertainty, hesitating, doubtful: quo ego ope mea Pro incertis certos compotesque consili Dimitto, Enn. ap. Cic. de Or. 1, 45, 199 (Trag. v. 188 Vahl.):

nolo suspensam et incertam plebem Romanam obscura spe et caeca exspectatione pendere,

Cic. Agr. 2, 25, 66; so,

varius incertusque agitabat,

Sall. J. 74, 1; Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 3:

ego certe me incerto scio hoc daturum nemini homini,

id. As. 2, 4, 60.—

With rel.-clause:

quid dicam hisce, incertus sum,

Ter. Hec. 3, 4, 36:

cum incertus essem, ubi esses,

Cic. Att. 1, 9, 1:

incerti ignarique, quid potissimum facerent,

Sall. J. 67, 1:

incerti quidnam esset,

id. ib. 49, 5:

incertus, quonam modo aciem instrueret,

id. ib. 101, 2:

incerti, quo fata ferant, ubi sistere detur,

Verg. A. 3, 7:

incertus, Geniumne loci famulumne parentis Esse putet,

id. ib. 5, 95:

faber, incertus scamnum faceretne Priapum,

Hor. S. 1, 8, 2.—

With gen. (not in Cic.): summarum rerum incerti, Enn. ap. Cic. de Or. 1, 45, 199 (Trag. v. 187 Vahl.):

incertusque meae paene salutis eram,

Ov. Tr. 3, 3, 4:

sententiae,

Liv. 4, 57, 3:

veri,

id. 4, 23, 3; 1, 27, 6:

rerum,

id. 24, 24, 9:

ultionis,

Tac. A. 2, 75:

sui,

Stat. Th. 5, 525:

naves incertae locorum, Auct. B. Afr. 7: mox incertus animi, fesso corpore, etc.,

Tac. A. 6, 46; id. H. 3, 55 fin.:

futurorum,

Plin. Ep. 9, 13, 11:

consilii,

Curt. 8, 10, 27.—

With abl.:

incerti metu,

Val. Fl. 3, 602.—

With de and abl.:

incertus de salute alicujus,

Plin. Ep. 6, 20, 10.—Hence, adv. in two forms: incertē and incerto (both ante-class.), uncertainly, not certainly, dubiously: incerte errat animus, Enn. ap. Gell. 19, 10, 12 (Trag. v. 259 Vahl.): vagat exsul, Pac. ap. Non. 467, 25 (Trag. Rel. p. 87 Rib.):

ubi Habitet dum incerto scio,

Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 69:

incerto scio,

id. Ps. 4, 2, 7:

incerto autumo,

id. Ep. 4, 1, 18.

informis, e, adj. [2. in-forma], that has no form or not a proper form, unformed, shapeless.

Lit.:

cum res muta aut informis fit loquens et formata,

Auct. Her. 4, 53, 66:

alveus,

Liv. 21, 26, 9:

caro,

Plin. 7, 15, 13, § 63.—

Transf., unshapely, misshapen, deformed, hideous, horrid:

cadaver,

Verg. A. 8, 264:

hiemes,

Hor. C. 2, 10, 15:

situs,

id. Ep. 2, 2, 118:

nota in ore,

Prop. 1, 5, 16:

color,

Tib. 4, 4, 6:

informes sanguine peltae,

Stat. Th. 12, 528:

imbre cruento informis facies,

Luc. 6, 224:

exitus,

Tac. A. 6, 49:

sors,

id. ib. 12, 37:

letum,

Verg. A. 12, 603:

nihil est illis (metallis) informius,

Sen. Ep. 94 med.— Adv.: infor-mĭter, hideously, horridly:

sonare,

Aug. Conf. 12, 29.

ingens, tis, adj. [2. in-genus, gens, that goes beyond its kind or species, qs. uncouth, monstrous], of immoderate size, vast, huge, prodigious, enormous; great, remarkable: magnas vero agere gratias Thais mihi? Gn. Ingentes, Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 1 (cf.:

satis erat respondere magnas: ingentes inquit, semper auget assentator,

Cic. Lael. 26, 98):

ingens immanisque praeda,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 46, § 110:

ingens immensusque campus,

id. de Or. 3, 19, 70:

pecunia,

an exorbitant sum, id. Div. in Caecil. 10 init.; cf. id. Prov. Cons. 3, 5:

aquae,

Liv. 35, 9, 2:

aequor,

Hor. C. 1, 7, 32:

pinus,

id. ib. 2, 3, 9:

exitus Istri,

Val. Fl. 8, 185:

clamor,

Liv. 2, 23, 7:

gloria,

id. 2, 22, 6:

virtus atque animus,

Hor. S. 2, 7, 103:

ingentia facta,

id. Ep. 2, 1, 6:

vir,

Sen. Herc. Fur. 441: ingens aliquā re, great, remarkable, distinguished in any respect:

vir famā ingens, ingentior armis,

Verg. A. 11, 124:

gloriā,

Tac. A. 11, 10:

viribus opibusque,

id. H. 1, 61:

eloquio,

Stat. S. 1, 4, 71.—

With gen.:

ingens virium atque animi,

Sall. H. 3, 13 Dietsch: femina [p. 951] ingens animi, Tac. A. 1, 69:

vir ingens rerum,

id. H. 4, 66.—

With inf.:

ingens ferre mala,

Sil. 10, 216.— Comp. ( poet.), Verg. A. 11, 124.—

Trop., great, strong, powerful:

senatus,

Sil. 11, 67:

Paulus,

id. 17, 298:

ingentis spiritus vir,

Liv. 21, 1, 5:

cui genus a proavis ingens,

Verg. A. 12, 225.

ĭn-hŏnestus, a, um, adj.

Dishonorable, disgraceful, shameful (class.):

eho, impure, inhoneste, labes popli!

Plaut. Pers. 3, 3, 4:

simus,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 18:

ignotā matre inhonestus,

Hor. S. 1, 6, 36:

vita,

Sall. C. 20, 9:

exitus nobis non inhonestus,

inglorious, Prop. 2, 26, 58 (3, 22, 38 Müll.):

mors,

id. 2, 7, 89 (2, 8 b, 27 M.); Liv. 29, 18:

vulnus,

Verg. A. 6, 497:

(hostes) inhonesta vulnera tergo accipiunt,

Ov. F. 2, 211:

pax,

Tac. A. 15, 25:

Vitellius gulā et ventre sibi inhonestus,

id. H. 2, 31 Orell. N. cr.:

nihil injustum atque inhonestum, Auct. Or. pro Dom. 41: quid hoc joco inhonestius,

more indecent, Val. Max. 7, 8, 9.— Sup.:

inhonestissima cupiditas,

Cic. Quint. Fr. 1, 1, 6 fin.:

homo turpissimus atque inhonestissimus,

id. Rosc. Am. 18.—

Unseemly, ugly, filthy:

homo,

Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 65; 5, 4, 16.— Hence, adv.: ĭn-hŏnestē, dishonorably, disgracefully:

parere divitias,

Ter. And. 4, 5, 2:

accusare,

Cic. Att. 2, 1, 9:

submitti alicui,

Vell. 2, 37, 3:

(with improbe) facere aliquid,

Gell. 10, 19, 1.— Comp., Capitol. Ver. 8.

ĭnĭtĭum, ĭi, n. [ineo], a going in, en trance.

A beginning, commencement (syn.: principium, exordium).

Lit.:

bonis initiis orsus tribunatus, tristes exitus habuit consulatus,

id. Brut. 34, 128:

initio accusationis,

id. de Or. 1, 26, 121:

initium capere,

Caes. B. G. 1, 1:

dicendi initium sumere,

Cic. Leg. 2, 1, 1:

facere initium confligendi,

id. Phil. 14, 14, 36:

caedis initium ab aliquo facere,

id. ib. 5, 7, 20:

male ponere initia,

id. Att. 10, 18, 2:

ducere ab aliqua re,

id. ib. 9, 9, 2:

ab initio res quem ad modum facta sint, exponemus,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 5, 14: ab ultimo initio [p. 956] repetere, Auct. Her. 1, 9, 14:

seditionem ab altiore initio repetam,

Tac. H. 2, 27:

quia initio caedis orto difficilis modus,

id. ib. 1, 39.— Pleon.: querellae ab initio tantae ordiendae rei absint, Liv. praef. § 12; cf.:

prima initia incohare,

id. 3, 54, 9:

primum initium certaminis,

id. 6, 12, 10. — The abl. sing. is used adverbially, in the beginning, at first:

quemadmodum senatus initio censuit,

Cic. Fam. 1, 7, 4:

redeo ad illud quod initio scripsi,

id. ib. 1, 7, 5; Nep. Thras. 1, 5; id. Tim. 3, 1; id. Alc. 5, 3; Curt. 3, 8, 17 al.; cf. Zumpt, Gram. § 475. —

Transf.

Constituent parts, elements:

inde est indagatio nata initiorum, et tamquam seminum, unde essent omnia orta, generata, concreta,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 24, 69: illa initia, et, ut e Graeco vertam, elementa dicuntur ( = stoicheia), id. Ac. 1, 7, 26;

so of death: Augustus in sua resolutus initia,

Vell. 2, 123, 3. —

First principles, elements cf a science:

illa initia mathematicorum, quibus non concessis digitum progredi non possunt,

Cic. Ac. 2, 36, 116.—

Beginning, origin:

quomodo initium nobis rerum omnium ortus noster adferat, sic exitum mors, etc.,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 38, 91:

natus obscurissimis initiis,

Vell. 2, 761; cf.: pauca ab initio causisque talium facinorum non absurda, which relate to the origin, etc., Tac. H. 4, 48.—

Auspices, because with them everything was begun; hence, the beginning of a reign:

novis initiis et ominibus opus est,

i. e. of a new king, Curt. 5, 9, 4.—

Secret sacred rites, sacred mysteries, to which only the initiated were admitted:

initia vocantur potissimum ea, quae Cereri fiunt sacra,

Varr. R. R. 3, 1, 5:

initia Cereris,

Liv. 31, 47, 2; cf.

39, 8, 5: nihil melius illis mysteriis, quibus ex agresti immanique vita exculti ad humanitatem et mitigati sumus, initiaque ut appellantur, ita re vera principia vitae cognovimus,

Cic. Leg. 2, 14, 36; Just. 2, 6:

initia Samothracum,

Curt. 8, 1, 12:

initiis pacis, foedus cum feritur,

Varr. R. R. 2, 4, 9.—

Things ( musical instruments) used in celebrating these mysteries:

Typanum, tubam, Cybele, tua, mater, initia,

Cat. 63, 9.

illapsus ( inl-), a, um, Part., from illabor.

illapsus ( inl-), ūs, m. [illabor], a falling, gliding, or flowing in:

umoris illapsus atque exitus,

Col. 2, 2, 11:

serpentino illapsu,

Ambros. Ep. 6, 42:

gregis illapsu fremebundo territus,

Sil. 3, 463.

lŏquor, cātus (quūtus), lŏqui ( inf. loquier, Naev. ap. Gell. 1, 24, 2), v. dep. n. and a. [Sanscr. lap-, to talk, whisper; Gr. lak-, elakon, laskô], to speak, talk, say (in the lang. of common life, in the tone of conversation; cf. Quint. 9, 4, 10; 11, 3, 45).

Lit.

Neutr.:

mitte male loqui,

Ter. And. 5, 3, 2:

Scipio mihi sane bene et loqui videtur et dicere,

Cic. Brut. 58, 212; id. Or. 32, 113: magistratum legem esse loquentem;

legem autem mutum magistratum,

id. Leg. 3, 1, 2:

male... vere ac libere,

id. Rosc. Am. 48, 140:

cum loquimur terni, nihil flagitii dicimus,

id. Fam. 9, 22, 3:

quid tu, Epicure? loquere,

id. Ac. 2, 39, 123:

pure et Latine,

id. de Or. 1, 32, 144; id. Fin. 2, 4, 14; 2, 5, 15:

aliud esse Latine, aliud grammatice loqui,

Quint. 1, 6, 27:

Latine atque emendate,

id. 8, 1, 2:

aliā linguā,

Cic. de Or. 2, 14, 61:

pro aliquo,

id. Att. 3, 1:

apud aliquem,

before any one, id. Fin. 2, 22, 74; so,

adversum aliquem,

before any one, Ter. And. 1, 5, 30:

secum,

Cic. Off. 3, 1, 1:

cum aliquo,

Ov. M. 6, 205:

bene de aliquo,

Sen. Contr. 2, 9, 63:

secus de aliquo,

Tac. A. 2, 50:

male de aliquo,

Vulg. Sirach, 8, 5; Capitol. [p. 1078] Alb. 2:

de me male,

Suet. Aug. 51 fin. —

With dat.: male loqui alicui, to speak evil of any one:

pergin male loqui, mulier, mihi,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 2, 10; Stat. Th. 12, 26:

vento et fluctibus loqui,

to express vain wishes, Luc. 4, 491.—

Absol.:

neque loqui possumus, nisi e syllabis brevibus ac longis,

Quint. 9, 4, 61:

ut non loqui et orare, sed fulgurare ac tonare videaris,

id. 2, 16, 19.—

To speak out, to say, tell, talk about, mention, utter, name:

loquere tuum mihi nomen,

Plaut. Men. 5, 9, 7; id. Aul. 2, 1, 15:

deliramenta,

id. Am. 2, 2, 64:

quas tu mulieres quos tu parasitos loquere,

id. Men. 2, 2, 47:

si quid tu in illum bene voles loqui, id loqui licebit,

id. Most. 1, 3, 83:

adfirmat nihil a se cuiquam de te secus esse dictum,

Cic. Att. 1, 19, 11:

horribile est, quae loquantur,

id. ib. 14, 4, 1:

pugnantia,

id. Tusc. 1, 7, 13:

ne singulas loquar urbes,

mention, Liv. 5, 54, 5:

quid turres loquar,

id. 5, 5, 6:

quid ego legem loquar?

id. 3, 11, 13:

quid loquar marmora, etc.,

Sen. Ep. 90, 25:

proelia,

Hor. C. 4, 15, 1:

aliquem absentem,

Ov. Tr. 3, 3, 17.—

To talk of, speak about, to have ever on one's lips:

Dolabella merum bellum loquitur,

Cic. Fam. 9, 13, 8:

ne semper Curios et Luscinos loquamur,

id. Par. 6, 50:

multi etiam Catilinam atque illa portenta loquebantur,

id. Mil. 23, 63:

nil nisi classes loquens et exitus,

id. Att. 9, 2, 3:

qui de magnis majora loquuntur,

Juv. 4, 17.—

Loquuntur, they say, it is said, they talk of, the talk is of:

hic mera scelera loquuntur,

Cic. Att. 9, 13, 1; id. Verr. 2, 5, 30, § 78:

eodem die vulgo loquebantur Antonium mansurum esse Casilini,

id. Att. 16, 10, 1:

omnia magna loquens,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 13:

dare aliquem famae loquendum,

Mart. 5, 25, 5:

Juppiter, hospitibus nam te dare jura loquuntur,

Verg. A. 1, 731: de damnatione ferventer loqui est coeptum, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8.—

Transf.

To speak, declare, show, indicate or express clearly:

oculi nimis arguti quemadmodum animo affecti simus, loquuntur,

Cic. Leg. 1, 9, 27:

res loquitur ipsa, judices, quae semper valet plurimum,

id. Mil. 20, 53:

haec ipsae res loquuntur,

Tert. de Pud. 5:

ut fama loquitur,

Vell. 2, 93, 3:

cum chartā dextra locuta est,

has written upon it, Ov. H. 18, 20:

volucres mea fata loquentur,

Stat. Th. 8, 181; Luc. 6, 617:

rescriptum divi Marci sic loquitur, quasi, etc.,

Dig. 2, 14, 10.—

Poet., to rustle, murmur:

pini loquentes,

Verg. E. 8, 22; Cat. 4, 11: mollia discordi strepitu virgulta loquuntur, Petr. poët. Sat. 120, 73.

Mars (archaic and poet. Māvors, q. v.), Martis (collat. reduplic. form Marmar, in the Song of the Arval Brothers; v. the following, and Mamers), m. [root mar-, gleam; Sanscr. marīkis, beam of light; hence Mars, the bright god; cf.: marmor, mare], Mars, who, as father of Romulus, was the primogenitor of the Roman people, the god of war, of husbandry, of shepherds and seers. For him was named the month of Martius, March, the beginning of the Roman year, Ov. F. 3, 73 sqq.:

legio Martia... ab eo deo, a quo populum Romanum generatum accepimus,

Cic. Phil. 4, 2, 5:

Mars pater te precor quaesoque, uti sies volens propitius mihi, etc.,... ut tu morbos visos invisosque viduertatem vastitudinemque, calamitates intemperiasque prohibessis, etc.,

Cato, R. R. 141, 2; cf., in the Song of the Arval Brothers, NEVE LVERVE MARMAR SINS INCVRRERE IN PLEORIS;

for Mars pater, the forms Marspiter, gen. Marspitris, or -tĕris, and Maspiter were also employed,

Gell. 5, 12, 5; Macr. S. 1, 12; 19; Varr. L. L. 8, § 33 Müll.; 9, § 75; 10, § 65; Prisc. p. 695:

Mars Gradivus, Quirinus, Silvanus, Ultor, v. under h. vv.: Mars durus,

Verg. E 10, 44:

torvus,

Hor. C. 1, 28, 17:

cruentus,

id. ib. 2, 14, 13:

ferus,

Ov. H. 7, 160; id. F. 4, 25:

ferox,

id. M. 13, 11:

bellicus,

id. F. 3, 1:

fortibus sane oculis Cassius (Martem spirare dicens) se in Siciliam non iturum,

Cic. Att. 15, 11. The Salii were destined for his service, Liv. 1, 20, 4; horses and bulls were offered to him, Paul. ex Fest. p. 61 Müll.; Ov. H. 6, 10; Macr. S. 3, 10, 4:

per Martem, a soldier's oath,

Plaut. Mil. 5, 21. He was often appealed to in oaths, etc., esp. by soldiers:

Nam neque Duellona mi umquam neque Mars creduat, ni, etc.,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 8, 8; id. Mil. 1, 1, 11; id. Truc. 3, 1, 11.—

Transf.

War, battle, a conflict, engagement, contest, etc.; also the art of war: cum veter occubuit Priamus sub Marte Pelasgo, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 607 P. (Ann. v. 17 Vahl.):

Martem accendere cantu,

to incite to battle, Verg. A. 6, 165:

apertus,

fighting in the open field, Ov. M. 13, 27: equitem suo alienoque Marte pugnare, i. e. to fight both in their own fashion (on horseback) and in one which was strange to them (on foot), Liv. 3, 62, 9:

pugna jam in manus, jam in gladios, ubi Mars est atrocissimus, venerat,

id. 2, 46, 3:

terribili Marte ululare,

Plin. 26, 4, 9, § 19:

captam sine Marte,

Stat. Ach. 1, 401:

quos amisimus cives, eos Martis vis perculit, non ira victoriae,

Cic. Marcell. 6, 17.— Poet.:

Mars forensis,

a contest in the forum, legal contest, Ov. P. 4, 6, 29; cf.:

et fora Marte suo litigiosa vacent,

id. F. 4, 188.—Hence, prov.: suo (nostro, vestro) Marte, by one's own exertions, without the assistance of others:

rex ipse suo Marte res suas recuperavit,

Cic. Phil. 2, 37, 95; id. Off. 3, 7, 34:

cum vos vestro Marte his rebus omnibus abundetis,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 4, § 9.—

The issue of a war or a battle, the fortune of war:

cum omnis belli Mars communis, et cum semper incerti exitus proeliorum sint,

Cic. Fam. 6, 4, 1: communis adhuc Mars belli erat, Liv. 10, 28:

aequo Marte,

with equal advantage, on equal terms, Caes. B. G. 7, 19, 3; 8, 19, 2; Curt. 4, 1, 8:

pari Marte,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 19:

aequato Marte,

Liv. 1, 25:

verso Marte ( = versā fortunā),

id. 29, 3, 11:

vario Marte pugnatum est,

Quint. 8, 6, 24:

incerto Marte,

Tac. H. 4, 35:

anceps,

Liv. 7, 29, 2; 21, 1, 2:

dubius,

Vell. 2, 55, 3.—

The planet Mars: Jovis stellae proximum inferiorem orbem tenet puroeis, quae stella Martis appellatur, Cic. N. D. 2, 20, 53; 2, 46, 119; Plin. 2, 8, 6, § 34; 2, 15, 12, § 60; Hyg. Astr. 2, 42:

Martis sidus,

Cassiod. Var. 11, 36.—Hence,

Mar-tĭus ( Māvortĭus, v. infra), a, um, adj.

Of or belonging to Mars:

lupus,

sacred to Mars, Verg. A. 9, 566; cf.: Martius lupus, integer et intactus, gentis nos Martiae et conditoris nostri admonuit, descended from Mars (since Mars is the father of Romulus and Remus), Liv. 10, 27:

legio,

Cic. Phil. 3, 3, 6; 4, 2, 5:

miles,

Ov. M. 14, 798:

proles,

i. e. Romulus and Remus, id. F. 3, 59:

anguis,

sacred to Mars, id. M. 3, 32:

judicium,

i. e. of the Areopagus at Athens, App. M. 10, p. 718 Oud.: Campus;

v. campus: harena,

a place in the Circus where the gladiators fought, Ov. Tr. 2, 282; Mart. 2, 75, 8:

gramen,

i. e. the Field of Mars, Hor. C. 3, 7, 26: Martius mensis, the month of March, formerly the first month of the year, Plin. 15, 3, 4, § 13:

Martii Calendis,

Hor. C. 3, 8, 1: Idus Martiae, the Ides of March, famous as the day on which Julius Cæsar was killed, Cic. Att. 14, 4, 2; cf. 14, 20, 1 sq.; id. Phil. 2, 35, 88; id. Fam. 10, 28, 1.— In the form Mavortius ( poet.):

moenia,

i. e. Rome, Verg. A. 1, 276:

tellus,

i. e. Thrace, id. G. 4, 462:

conjux,

i. e. Venus, Val. Fl. 2, 208:

proles,

i. e. the Thebans, Ov. M. 3, 531; cf.:

seges belli (because sprung from the dragon's teeth),

Claud. III. Cons. Hon. 135.—

Transf.

Warlike, martial:

Martia Penthesilea,

Verg. A. 11, 661:

Martia saeculi voluptas,

Mart. 5, 24, 1:

Martius aeris rauci canor,

Verg. G. 4, 71:

vulnera,

id. A. 7, 182:

Thebe,

i. e. where many wars were carried on, Ov. Am. 3, 6, 33.—

Of or belonging to the planet Mars:

ille fulgor rutilus, horribilisque terris, quem Martium dicitis,

Cic. Rep. 6, 17, 17.—As subst.: Mar-tĭus, ii, m. (sc. mensis), March, the month of March:

Mensium nomina fere aperta sunt, si a Martio, ut antiqui constituerunt, numeres, Nam primus a Marte,

Varr. L. L. 6, 4, § 33.—

Martĭālis, e, adj.

Of or belonging to Mars: Flamen, Varr L. L. 5, § 84 Müll.;

7, § 45 ib.: lupus,

sacred to Mars, Hor. C. 1, 17, 9:

ludi,

in honor of Mars, Suet. Claud. 1: Martialis collis, near the temple of Deus Fidius, Varr. L. L. 5, § 52 Müll.— Subst.: Martĭālis, is, m., a priest of Mars:

Martiales quidam Larini appellabantur, ministri publici Martis,

Cic. Clu. 15, 43.—

Belonging to the legio Martia; hence, Martĭāles, the soldiers of the legio Martia, Cic. Phil. 4, 2, 5.

Mars (archaic and poet. Māvors, q. v.), Martis (collat. reduplic. form Marmar, in the Song of the Arval Brothers; v. the following, and Mamers), m. [root mar-, gleam; Sanscr. marīkis, beam of light; hence Mars, the bright god; cf.: marmor, mare], Mars, who, as father of Romulus, was the primogenitor of the Roman people, the god of war, of husbandry, of shepherds and seers. For him was named the month of Martius, March, the beginning of the Roman year, Ov. F. 3, 73 sqq.:

legio Martia... ab eo deo, a quo populum Romanum generatum accepimus,

Cic. Phil. 4, 2, 5:

Mars pater te precor quaesoque, uti sies volens propitius mihi, etc.,... ut tu morbos visos invisosque viduertatem vastitudinemque, calamitates intemperiasque prohibessis, etc.,

Cato, R. R. 141, 2; cf., in the Song of the Arval Brothers, NEVE LVERVE MARMAR SINS INCVRRERE IN PLEORIS;

for Mars pater, the forms Marspiter, gen. Marspitris, or -tĕris, and Maspiter were also employed,

Gell. 5, 12, 5; Macr. S. 1, 12; 19; Varr. L. L. 8, § 33 Müll.; 9, § 75; 10, § 65; Prisc. p. 695:

Mars Gradivus, Quirinus, Silvanus, Ultor, v. under h. vv.: Mars durus,

Verg. E 10, 44:

torvus,

Hor. C. 1, 28, 17:

cruentus,

id. ib. 2, 14, 13:

ferus,

Ov. H. 7, 160; id. F. 4, 25:

ferox,

id. M. 13, 11:

bellicus,

id. F. 3, 1:

fortibus sane oculis Cassius (Martem spirare dicens) se in Siciliam non iturum,

Cic. Att. 15, 11. The Salii were destined for his service, Liv. 1, 20, 4; horses and bulls were offered to him, Paul. ex Fest. p. 61 Müll.; Ov. H. 6, 10; Macr. S. 3, 10, 4:

per Martem, a soldier's oath,

Plaut. Mil. 5, 21. He was often appealed to in oaths, etc., esp. by soldiers:

Nam neque Duellona mi umquam neque Mars creduat, ni, etc.,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 8, 8; id. Mil. 1, 1, 11; id. Truc. 3, 1, 11.—

Transf.

War, battle, a conflict, engagement, contest, etc.; also the art of war: cum veter occubuit Priamus sub Marte Pelasgo, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 607 P. (Ann. v. 17 Vahl.):

Martem accendere cantu,

to incite to battle, Verg. A. 6, 165:

apertus,

fighting in the open field, Ov. M. 13, 27: equitem suo alienoque Marte pugnare, i. e. to fight both in their own fashion (on horseback) and in one which was strange to them (on foot), Liv. 3, 62, 9:

pugna jam in manus, jam in gladios, ubi Mars est atrocissimus, venerat,

id. 2, 46, 3:

terribili Marte ululare,

Plin. 26, 4, 9, § 19:

captam sine Marte,

Stat. Ach. 1, 401:

quos amisimus cives, eos Martis vis perculit, non ira victoriae,

Cic. Marcell. 6, 17.— Poet.:

Mars forensis,

a contest in the forum, legal contest, Ov. P. 4, 6, 29; cf.:

et fora Marte suo litigiosa vacent,

id. F. 4, 188.—Hence, prov.: suo (nostro, vestro) Marte, by one's own exertions, without the assistance of others:

rex ipse suo Marte res suas recuperavit,

Cic. Phil. 2, 37, 95; id. Off. 3, 7, 34:

cum vos vestro Marte his rebus omnibus abundetis,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 4, § 9.—

The issue of a war or a battle, the fortune of war:

cum omnis belli Mars communis, et cum semper incerti exitus proeliorum sint,

Cic. Fam. 6, 4, 1: communis adhuc Mars belli erat, Liv. 10, 28:

aequo Marte,

with equal advantage, on equal terms, Caes. B. G. 7, 19, 3; 8, 19, 2; Curt. 4, 1, 8:

pari Marte,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 19:

aequato Marte,

Liv. 1, 25:

verso Marte ( = versā fortunā),

id. 29, 3, 11:

vario Marte pugnatum est,

Quint. 8, 6, 24:

incerto Marte,

Tac. H. 4, 35:

anceps,

Liv. 7, 29, 2; 21, 1, 2:

dubius,

Vell. 2, 55, 3.—

The planet Mars: Jovis stellae proximum inferiorem orbem tenet puroeis, quae stella Martis appellatur, Cic. N. D. 2, 20, 53; 2, 46, 119; Plin. 2, 8, 6, § 34; 2, 15, 12, § 60; Hyg. Astr. 2, 42:

Martis sidus,

Cassiod. Var. 11, 36.—Hence,

Mar-tĭus ( Māvortĭus, v. infra), a, um, adj.

Of or belonging to Mars:

lupus,

sacred to Mars, Verg. A. 9, 566; cf.: Martius lupus, integer et intactus, gentis nos Martiae et conditoris nostri admonuit, descended from Mars (since Mars is the father of Romulus and Remus), Liv. 10, 27:

legio,

Cic. Phil. 3, 3, 6; 4, 2, 5:

miles,

Ov. M. 14, 798:

proles,

i. e. Romulus and Remus, id. F. 3, 59:

anguis,

sacred to Mars, id. M. 3, 32:

judicium,

i. e. of the Areopagus at Athens, App. M. 10, p. 718 Oud.: Campus;

v. campus: harena,

a place in the Circus where the gladiators fought, Ov. Tr. 2, 282; Mart. 2, 75, 8:

gramen,

i. e. the Field of Mars, Hor. C. 3, 7, 26: Martius mensis, the month of March, formerly the first month of the year, Plin. 15, 3, 4, § 13:

Martii Calendis,

Hor. C. 3, 8, 1: Idus Martiae, the Ides of March, famous as the day on which Julius Cæsar was killed, Cic. Att. 14, 4, 2; cf. 14, 20, 1 sq.; id. Phil. 2, 35, 88; id. Fam. 10, 28, 1.— In the form Mavortius ( poet.):

moenia,

i. e. Rome, Verg. A. 1, 276:

tellus,

i. e. Thrace, id. G. 4, 462:

conjux,

i. e. Venus, Val. Fl. 2, 208:

proles,

i. e. the Thebans, Ov. M. 3, 531; cf.:

seges belli (because sprung from the dragon's teeth),

Claud. III. Cons. Hon. 135.—

Transf.

Warlike, martial:

Martia Penthesilea,

Verg. A. 11, 661:

Martia saeculi voluptas,

Mart. 5, 24, 1:

Martius aeris rauci canor,

Verg. G. 4, 71:

vulnera,

id. A. 7, 182:

Thebe,

i. e. where many wars were carried on, Ov. Am. 3, 6, 33.—

Of or belonging to the planet Mars:

ille fulgor rutilus, horribilisque terris, quem Martium dicitis,

Cic. Rep. 6, 17, 17.—As subst.: Mar-tĭus, ii, m. (sc. mensis), March, the month of March:

Mensium nomina fere aperta sunt, si a Martio, ut antiqui constituerunt, numeres, Nam primus a Marte,

Varr. L. L. 6, 4, § 33.—

Martĭālis, e, adj.

Of or belonging to Mars: Flamen, Varr L. L. 5, § 84 Müll.;

7, § 45 ib.: lupus,

sacred to Mars, Hor. C. 1, 17, 9:

ludi,

in honor of Mars, Suet. Claud. 1: Martialis collis, near the temple of Deus Fidius, Varr. L. L. 5, § 52 Müll.— Subst.: Martĭālis, is, m., a priest of Mars:

Martiales quidam Larini appellabantur, ministri publici Martis,

Cic. Clu. 15, 43.—

Belonging to the legio Martia; hence, Martĭāles, the soldiers of the legio Martia, Cic. Phil. 4, 2, 5.

mĕmŏro, āvi, ātum (archaic inf. pass. memorarier, Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 99), 1, v. a. [memor], to bring to remembrance, remind of, to mention, recount, relate, speak about or of, say, tell (class.).

With acc.:

memorare mores mulierum,

Plaut. Aul. 3, 5, 50:

nomen memora tuom mihi,

id. Trin. 4, 2, 41:

deos absentis testis memoras,

callest on, id. Merc. 3, 4, 42:

superbiam,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 47, § 122:

causas alicui,

Verg. A. 1, 8:

antequam arma inciperent, misere legatos amicitiam obsequiumque memoraturos,

Tac. A. 4, 46; 2, 58:

patriam rhombi,

Juv. 4, 129.— Pass.:

quid illa pote pejus muliere memorarier,

Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 99:

ubi ea, quae dico, gesta esse memorantur,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 48, § 107:

cujus conditor Hercules memorabatur,

was said to have been, was remembered as, Sall. J. 89, 4:

memorari exempla,

Tac. A. 11, 23.—

With de:

de naturā nimis obscure memoravit,

Cic. Fin. 2, 5, 15.—

With acc. and inf.:

quem infestum ac odiosum sibi esse, memorabat,

Plaut. Truc. 1, 1, 65:

Herculem in eo loco boves abegisse memorant,

Liv. 1, 7, 4:

Mithridates, quem imperitasse Armeniis memoravi,

Tac. A. 11, 8 init.:

Palamedem memorant sedecim litterarum formas repperisse,

id. ib. 11, 14.—

With a rel.-clause:

musa, velim memores, quo patre natus uterque Contulerit lites,

Hor. S. 1, 5, 53. —

With sic:

sic memorat,

Verg. A. 1, 631.—

Esp., to speak, utter, make use of in speech:

scio ego multos memoravisse milites mendacium,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 6, 3:

vocabula memorata Catonibus,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 117.—

Memorare significat nunc dicere, nunc memoriae mandare, Paul. ex Fest. p. 124 Müll.—Hence,

mĕmŏrātus, a, um, P. a., memorable, renowned, celebrated ( poet. and in post-class. prose):

ubi nunc nobis deus ille magister nequiquam memoratus Eryx?

Verg. A. 5, 391:

locus Italiae... fama multis memoratus in oris,

id. ib. 7, 564; Anthol. Lat. 1, 170, 102; 1, 172, 4:

sepulcrum memoratissimum,

Gell. 10, 18, 4.—

Esp., before mentioned:

dux,

Amm. 15, 5, 4 al. —

mĕmŏrandus, a, um, P. a., worthy of remembrance, memorable, celebrated ( poet. and post-class.):

juvenis memorande,

Verg. A. 10, 793.—Of inanim. and abstr. things:

pugnae memorandae meae,

Plaut. Ep. 3, 3, 52:

locus,

Flor. 2, 8, 11:

res,

Juv. 2, 102:

exitus,

Flor. 4, 2, 33.

mīmus, i, m., = mimos.

A mimic actor, mime, Cic. de Or. 2, 59, 242:

oratori minime convenit distortus vultus gestusque: quae in mimis rideri solent,

Quint. 6, 3, 29; Ov. A. A. 1, 501:

nobilis,

Juv. 8, 198. —

A mimic play, mime, farce.

Lit.:

mimi exitus,

Cic. Cael. 27, 65:

tutor, mimus vetus,

id. de Or. 2, 64, 259:

mimos scribere,

Ov. Tr. 2, 497:

mimorum scriptor,

Quint. 1, 10, 17:

mimos commentari,

Cic. Phil. 11, 6, 13:

mimum agere,

Suet. Caes. 39; Juv. 13, 110:

mimus quis melior plorante gula?

id. 5, 157.—

Trop., any thing farcical, pretended, unreal.—Of the sham triumph of Caligula, Suet. Calig. 45:

commendationis,

Plin. 7, 12, 10, § 53:

humanae vitae,

Sen. Ep. 80, 7:

mimus et simulatio,

id. ib. 26, 5.

Mūcĭus, a ( Mutius, Lact. 5, 13, 13), the name of a Roman gens. The most celebrated are,

C. Mucius Scaevola, who altempted to assassinate Porsena, and, on being apprehended, burned off his right hand, Liv. 2, 12; Cic. Sest. 21, 48; id. Par. 1, 2, 12; Flor. 1, 10; Sen. Ep. 24, 5; 66. 51; Sil. 8, 386; Lact. l. l.—

Q. Mucius Scaevola, a governor in Asia, Cic. Caecil. 17, 57. —

Q. Mucius Scaevola, an augur, the husband of Lælia, Cic. Brut. 58, 211; id. Phil. 8, 10, 31.—

P. Mucius Scaevola, a friend of the Gracchi, and an enemy of the younger Scipio Africanus, Cic. Rep. 1, 19, 31; Pers. 1, 114; Juv. 1, 154.—In fem., Mūcĭa, the wife of Cn. Pompeius, afterwards divorced from him, Cic. Fam. 5, 2, 6; id. Att. 1, 12, 3.—Hence,

Mūcĭus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to a Mucius, Mucian: Mucia prata trans Tiberim, dicta a Mucio, cui a populo data fuerant, Paul. ex Fest. p. 144 Müll.—

Subst.: Mūcĭa, ōrum, n. (sc. festa), a festival kept by the Asiatics in commemoration of the good government of Q. Mucius Scaevola, the Mucius festival, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 21, § 51.— Mūcĭ-ānus ( Mut-), a, um, adj., of or belonging to a Mucius, Mucian:

cautio,

Dig. 35, 1, 99:

satisdatio,

ib. 104: exitus, i. e. the death of Q. Mucius Scaevola, who was slain in the temple of Vesta by Damasippus, Cic. Att. 9, 12, 1.

nātūrālis, e, adj. [natura], natural, i. e.,

By birth, one's own:

naturalis pater, opp. to adoptive father,

Cic. Phil. 3, 6, 15:

in adoptionem dato redire in familiam liceat, si pater naturalis sine liberis decesserit,

Quint. 3, 6, 96: filius ( = kata phusin uios), Liv. 42, 52:

Pauli nepos,

id. 44, 44; Suet. Tib. 52; Gai. Inst. 2, 137; 3, 31:

qui in avi sui naturalis potestate est,

Dig. 37, 8, 1, § 2; also, natural, illegitimate ( = nothus), Dig. 40, 5, 40; 36, 1, 80, § 2; Aug. Conf. 6, 12; Inscr. Grut. 945, 3.—

Of or belonging to the nature of things, produced by or agreeable to nature, natural:

naturale est alicui,

it is natural to one, it is his innate quality, Plin. 11, 37. 54, §

144: historia, id. praef. § 1: motus naturalis,

Cic. Fin. 1, 6, 19:

societas,

id. Off. 1, 16, 50:

lex,

id. N. D. 1, 14, 36:

notio naturalis atque insita in animis nostris,

id. Fin. 1, 9, 31:

naturalis, non fucatus nitor,

id. Brut. 9, 36:

bonum,

id. Cael. 5, 11: dies, a natural day, i. e. from sunrise to sunset, opp. to the dies civilis, Censor. de Die Nat. 23;

v. civilis: mors,

a natural, not a violent death, Plin. 7, 53, 54, § 180 (for the class. mors necessaria, Cic. Mil. 7, 16):

naturales exitus,

the anus, Col. 6, 30, 8:

naturalia desideria,

the serual impulse, id. 6, 24, 2; 6, 27, 7: loca naturalia, the sexual parts of men and animals, Cels. 1, p. 11 Milligan.—As subst.: nātūrāle, is, n., the private parts:

sanguinis pars per naturale descendit,

Cels. 5, 26, 13; 7, 26, 1 al.—More freq. plur., nātūrālĭa, ĭum, n., in same sense, Cels. 4, 21 init.; 5, 20, 4; 6, 18, 2 al.; Col. 6, 27, 10; Just. 1, 4, 2.—

Of or concerning nature, natural:

naturales quaestiones,

Cic. Part. 18, 64:

historia, Plin. H. N. praef. § 1: philosophia,

Isid. Orig. 2, 24, 12.—

Opp. to fictitious, natural, real:

philosophi duos Joves fecerunt, unum naturalem, alterum fabulosum,

Lact. 1, 11. —Hence, adv.: nātūrālĭter, naturally, conformably to nature, by nature:

nec vero umquam animus hominis naturaliter divinat,

Cic. Div. 1, 50, 113:

alacritas naturaliter innata,

Caes. B. C. 3, 92:

inter naturaliter dissimillimos,

Vell. 2, 60, 5; Plin. 11, 37, 47, § 130:

profluere (urinam),

Cels. 7, 26, 1; Hirt. B. Alex. 8:

est aliquid in omni materiā naturaliter primum,

Quint. 3, 8, 6.

nātūrālis, e, adj. [natura], natural, i. e.,

By birth, one's own:

naturalis pater, opp. to adoptive father,

Cic. Phil. 3, 6, 15:

in adoptionem dato redire in familiam liceat, si pater naturalis sine liberis decesserit,

Quint. 3, 6, 96: filius ( = kata phusin uios), Liv. 42, 52:

Pauli nepos,

id. 44, 44; Suet. Tib. 52; Gai. Inst. 2, 137; 3, 31:

qui in avi sui naturalis potestate est,

Dig. 37, 8, 1, § 2; also, natural, illegitimate ( = nothus), Dig. 40, 5, 40; 36, 1, 80, § 2; Aug. Conf. 6, 12; Inscr. Grut. 945, 3.—

Of or belonging to the nature of things, produced by or agreeable to nature, natural:

naturale est alicui,

it is natural to one, it is his innate quality, Plin. 11, 37. 54, §

144: historia, id. praef. § 1: motus naturalis,

Cic. Fin. 1, 6, 19:

societas,

id. Off. 1, 16, 50:

lex,

id. N. D. 1, 14, 36:

notio naturalis atque insita in animis nostris,

id. Fin. 1, 9, 31:

naturalis, non fucatus nitor,

id. Brut. 9, 36:

bonum,

id. Cael. 5, 11: dies, a natural day, i. e. from sunrise to sunset, opp. to the dies civilis, Censor. de Die Nat. 23;

v. civilis: mors,

a natural, not a violent death, Plin. 7, 53, 54, § 180 (for the class. mors necessaria, Cic. Mil. 7, 16):

naturales exitus,

the anus, Col. 6, 30, 8:

naturalia desideria,

the serual impulse, id. 6, 24, 2; 6, 27, 7: loca naturalia, the sexual parts of men and animals, Cels. 1, p. 11 Milligan.—As subst.: nātūrāle, is, n., the private parts:

sanguinis pars per naturale descendit,

Cels. 5, 26, 13; 7, 26, 1 al.—More freq. plur., nātūrālĭa, ĭum, n., in same sense, Cels. 4, 21 init.; 5, 20, 4; 6, 18, 2 al.; Col. 6, 27, 10; Just. 1, 4, 2.—

Of or concerning nature, natural:

naturales quaestiones,

Cic. Part. 18, 64:

historia, Plin. H. N. praef. § 1: philosophia,

Isid. Orig. 2, 24, 12.—

Opp. to fictitious, natural, real:

philosophi duos Joves fecerunt, unum naturalem, alterum fabulosum,

Lact. 1, 11. —Hence, adv.: nātūrālĭter, naturally, conformably to nature, by nature:

nec vero umquam animus hominis naturaliter divinat,

Cic. Div. 1, 50, 113:

alacritas naturaliter innata,

Caes. B. C. 3, 92:

inter naturaliter dissimillimos,

Vell. 2, 60, 5; Plin. 11, 37, 47, § 130:

profluere (urinam),

Cels. 7, 26, 1; Hirt. B. Alex. 8:

est aliquid in omni materiā naturaliter primum,

Quint. 3, 8, 6.

nātūrālis, e, adj. [natura], natural, i. e.,

By birth, one's own:

naturalis pater, opp. to adoptive father,

Cic. Phil. 3, 6, 15:

in adoptionem dato redire in familiam liceat, si pater naturalis sine liberis decesserit,

Quint. 3, 6, 96: filius ( = kata phusin uios), Liv. 42, 52:

Pauli nepos,

id. 44, 44; Suet. Tib. 52; Gai. Inst. 2, 137; 3, 31:

qui in avi sui naturalis potestate est,

Dig. 37, 8, 1, § 2; also, natural, illegitimate ( = nothus), Dig. 40, 5, 40; 36, 1, 80, § 2; Aug. Conf. 6, 12; Inscr. Grut. 945, 3.—

Of or belonging to the nature of things, produced by or agreeable to nature, natural:

naturale est alicui,

it is natural to one, it is his innate quality, Plin. 11, 37. 54, §

144: historia, id. praef. § 1: motus naturalis,

Cic. Fin. 1, 6, 19:

societas,

id. Off. 1, 16, 50:

lex,

id. N. D. 1, 14, 36:

notio naturalis atque insita in animis nostris,

id. Fin. 1, 9, 31:

naturalis, non fucatus nitor,

id. Brut. 9, 36:

bonum,

id. Cael. 5, 11: dies, a natural day, i. e. from sunrise to sunset, opp. to the dies civilis, Censor. de Die Nat. 23;

v. civilis: mors,

a natural, not a violent death, Plin. 7, 53, 54, § 180 (for the class. mors necessaria, Cic. Mil. 7, 16):

naturales exitus,

the anus, Col. 6, 30, 8:

naturalia desideria,

the serual impulse, id. 6, 24, 2; 6, 27, 7: loca naturalia, the sexual parts of men and animals, Cels. 1, p. 11 Milligan.—As subst.: nātūrāle, is, n., the private parts:

sanguinis pars per naturale descendit,

Cels. 5, 26, 13; 7, 26, 1 al.—More freq. plur., nātūrālĭa, ĭum, n., in same sense, Cels. 4, 21 init.; 5, 20, 4; 6, 18, 2 al.; Col. 6, 27, 10; Just. 1, 4, 2.—

Of or concerning nature, natural:

naturales quaestiones,

Cic. Part. 18, 64:

historia, Plin. H. N. praef. § 1: philosophia,

Isid. Orig. 2, 24, 12.—

Opp. to fictitious, natural, real:

philosophi duos Joves fecerunt, unum naturalem, alterum fabulosum,

Lact. 1, 11. —Hence, adv.: nātūrālĭter, naturally, conformably to nature, by nature:

nec vero umquam animus hominis naturaliter divinat,

Cic. Div. 1, 50, 113:

alacritas naturaliter innata,

Caes. B. C. 3, 92:

inter naturaliter dissimillimos,

Vell. 2, 60, 5; Plin. 11, 37, 47, § 130:

profluere (urinam),

Cels. 7, 26, 1; Hirt. B. Alex. 8:

est aliquid in omni materiā naturaliter primum,

Quint. 3, 8, 6.

nŏtābĭlis, e, adj. [nota], noteworthy, distinguished, remarkable, extraordinary, memorable, notable (not freq. till the Aug. per.; in Cic. perh. only once; in Cæs. not at all).

Prop.: exitus, * Cic. Fam. 5, 12, 5:

rara et notabilis res,

Plin. Ep. 7, 6, 1:

id est notabilius,

Quint. 8, 3, 22:

illud notabile ex diversis,

id. 8, 5, 5:

notabilis introitus,

Tac. Agr. 40:

cunctis,

Juv. 6, 374:

magna ista et notabilis eloquentia,

Tac. Or. 40.—

Esp., in a bad sense, infamous, notorious:

turpitudine notabiles,

Dig. 3, 1, 5:

si quid in pejus notabile est,

Quint. 1, 3, 1:

quae imperitis quoque ad reprehensionem notabilia videntur,

id. 9, 4, 33:

eo notabilior caedes fuit, quia filius patrem interfecit,

Tac. H. 3, 25.—

Transf., dis cernible, perceptible:

aspice nobilissimarum civitatum fundamenta vix notabilia,

Sen. Ira, 1, 2, 3.—

Pointed at, marked, indicated:

digitis hominum nutibusque notabilis,

App. M. 11, p. 784 Oud.—Hence, adv.: nŏtābĭlĭter, remarkably, notably; perceptibly:

quaedam frequentius et notabiliter usurpavit,

Suet. Aug. 87:

expalluit notabiliter,

Plin. Ep. 1, 5, 13:

gaudium eminuit,

id. ib. 5, 17, 5.— Comp.:

notabilius turbare,

Tac. H. 1, 55:

aliquem odisse,

Quint. Decl. 17.

nŏtābĭlis, e, adj. [nota], noteworthy, distinguished, remarkable, extraordinary, memorable, notable (not freq. till the Aug. per.; in Cic. perh. only once; in Cæs. not at all).

Prop.: exitus, * Cic. Fam. 5, 12, 5:

rara et notabilis res,

Plin. Ep. 7, 6, 1:

id est notabilius,

Quint. 8, 3, 22:

illud notabile ex diversis,

id. 8, 5, 5:

notabilis introitus,

Tac. Agr. 40:

cunctis,

Juv. 6, 374:

magna ista et notabilis eloquentia,

Tac. Or. 40.—

Esp., in a bad sense, infamous, notorious:

turpitudine notabiles,

Dig. 3, 1, 5:

si quid in pejus notabile est,

Quint. 1, 3, 1:

quae imperitis quoque ad reprehensionem notabilia videntur,

id. 9, 4, 33:

eo notabilior caedes fuit, quia filius patrem interfecit,

Tac. H. 3, 25.—

Transf., dis cernible, perceptible:

aspice nobilissimarum civitatum fundamenta vix notabilia,

Sen. Ira, 1, 2, 3.—

Pointed at, marked, indicated:

digitis hominum nutibusque notabilis,

App. M. 11, p. 784 Oud.—Hence, adv.: nŏtābĭlĭter, remarkably, notably; perceptibly:

quaedam frequentius et notabiliter usurpavit,

Suet. Aug. 87:

expalluit notabiliter,

Plin. Ep. 1, 5, 13:

gaudium eminuit,

id. ib. 5, 17, 5.— Comp.:

notabilius turbare,

Tac. H. 1, 55:

aliquem odisse,

Quint. Decl. 17.

obsĕro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [ob-sera], to bolt, bar, fasten, or shut up (not in Cic. or Cæs.; syn.: claudo, oppilo, obstruo).

Lit.:

ostium,

Ter. Eun. 4, 6, 25:

aedificia,

Liv. 5, 41:

fores (opp. aperire),

Suet. Tit. 11:

tabellam liminis,

Cat. 32, 5:

exitus,

Col. 9, 1, 3:

rogos,

i. e. the dead, Prop. 4, 11, 8.—

Transf.:

aures,

Hor. Epod. 17, 53: palatum (for os), i. e. to be silent, Cat. 55, 21:

fores amicitiae,

Amm. 27, 12.

ob-sĕro ( ops-), sēvi, sĭtum, 3 ( inf. perf. sync. obsesse for obsevisse, Att. ap. Non. 395, 27), v. a.

Lit.

To sow or plant (class.):

frumentum,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 129. —Comically:

pugnos,

to give a good drubbing, Plaut. Men. 5, 7, 23.—

Transf.

To sow or plant with any thing:

saepimentum virgultis aut spinis,

Varr. R. R. 1, 14, 1: terram frugibus. Cic. Leg. 2, 25, 63; Col. 2, 9, 1; Varr. R. R. 1, 44, 2.—

In gen., to cover over, fill with; only in perf. pass. part., covered over, filled:

omnia arbustis obsita,

Lucr. 5, 1377:

loca obsita virgultis,

Liv. 28, 2:

obsita pomis Rura,

Ov. M. 13, 719:

video aegrum pannis annisque obsitum,

Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 5:

obsitus illuvie ac squalore,

Tac. A. 4, 28:

vestis obsita squalore,

Liv. 2, 23:

legati... obsiti squalore et sordibus,

id. 29, 16:

variis obsita frondibus,

Hor. C. 1, 18, 12:

montes nivibus,

Curt. 5, 6, 15:

aër pallore,

darkened, Luc. 5, 627; cf.:

dies nube obsitus,

Sen. Troad. 20:

obsitus aevo,

Verg. A. 8, 307:

Io jam setis obsita,

id. ib. 7, 790:

terga (marinae beluae) obsita conchis,

Ov. M. 4, 724.—

Trop.:

Tun' is es, qui in me aerumnam obsevisti,

hast brought upon me, occasioned me, Plaut. Ep. 4, 1, 30:

em istic oportet opseri mores malos, si in opserendo possint interfieri,

id. Trin. 2, 4, 130.