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exitium

  • 1 exitium

    exĭtĭum, ii ( gen. plur. exitium, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 31, 67, and Or. 46, 155), n. [exeo].
    I.
    Lit., a going out, egress (ante-class.): exitium antiqui ponebant pro exitu; nunc exitium pessimum exitum dicimus, Paul. ex Fest. p. 81, 6 Müll.:

    quid illi ex utero exitiost, priusquam poterat ire in proelium?

    Plaut. Truc. 2, 6, 30 (but for exitium exitio est, id. Capt. 3, 3, 4, the true reading is auxilium mist, etc., Fleck. Lorenz). —
    II.
    In partic., destruction, ruin, hurt, mischief (freq. and class., sing. and plur.; syn.: pernicies, interitus, ruina, infortunium, casus, clades, calamitas, malum).
    (α).
    Sing.:

    satius est mihi Quovis exitio interire,

    Plaut. Cist. 4, 1, 11:

    pultando foribus exitium adferre,

    id. Capt. 4, 2, 52; cf.:

    qui de meo nostrumque omnium interitu, qui de hujus urbis atque adeo orbis terrarum exitio cogitent,

    Cic. Cat. 1, 4, 9; Suet. Aug. 94; cf.

    also: (Lentulus) dignum moribus factisque suis exitium vitae invenit,

    end, Sall. C. 55 fin.:

    nullius patitur natura,

    Lucr. 1, 224; cf.:

    caeli terraeque,

    id. 5, 98; 344:

    cum de pernicie populi Romani, exitio hujus urbis tam acerbe tamque crudeliter cogitarit,

    Cic. Cat. 4, 5, 10:

    me miserum! ego omnibus meis exitio fuero,

    id. Q. Fr. 1, 4, 4:

    exitio esse (alicui),

    Suet. Caes. 1; Hor. C. 1, 28, 18; cf. Suet. Calig. 11:

    usque adeo flagitatus est, donec ad exitium dederetur,

    Tac. A. 1, 32:

    concidit auguris Argivi domus ob lucrum Demersa exitio,

    Hor. C. 3, 16, 13 et saep.—
    (β).
    Plur.: omnibus exitiis interii, ways or methods of destruction, Plaut. Bacch. 5, 1, 7; cf. Cic. Fin. 5, 10:

    civitatum afflictarum perditis jam rebus extremi exitiorum exitus,

    Cic. Agr. 2, 4, 10; cf. Val. Fl. 1, 809:

    exitiūm examen rapit, Enn. l. l. (Trag. v. 88, ed. Vahl.): quos P. Clodii furor rapinis et incendiis et omnibus exitiis pavit,

    Cic. Mil. 2, 8:

    metu crudelissimorum exitiorum carere non possumus,

    id. ib. 2, 5:

    id querebatur caput esse exitiorum omnium,

    id. Leg. 1, 12, 34:

    haec res suprema manebat Exitiis positura modum,

    Verg. A. 7, 129.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > exitium

  • 2 exitium

        exitium ī （ gen plur. exitiūm, Enn. ap. C.), n    [ex + 1 I-], destruction, ruin, hurt, mischief: dignum factis (tuis), T.: urbis: vitae, end, S.: Unius miseri, V.: omnibus meis exitio fuero, the cause of ruin, O.: Exitio dedi Thoona, O.: Exitium superabat opem, destructive power, O.: Exitium est avidum mare nautis, H.: civitatum adflictarum extremi exitiorum exitūs: res Exitiis positura modum, V.
    * * *
    destruction, ruin; death; mischief

    Latin-English dictionary > exitium

  • 3 exitium

    destruction, ruin.

    Latin-English dictionary of medieval > exitium

  • 4 pernicies

    pernĭcĭes, ēi (old form of the gen. pernicii or pernici, Sisenn. ap. Gell. 9, 14, 12, and ap. Non. 486, 30; Cic. Rosc. Am. 45, 131, acc. to Gell. 9, 14, 19, and acc. to Non. 486, 28. But Charis., p. 53 P., gives for the passages of Cicero above cited the form pernicies; cf.

    , also,

    Diom. p. 281 P.— Dat. pernicie, Liv. 5, 13, 5 Drak. N. cr.:

    pernicii,

    Nep. 8, 2; v. also, permities), f. [perneco], destruction, death, ruin, overthrow, disaster, calamity (syn.: exitium, labes).
    I.
    Lit.:

    quantā in pernicie siet,

    Plaut. Bacch. 4, 7, 29:

    de pernicie populi Romani et exitio hujus urbis,

    Cic. Cat. 4, 5, 10:

    videbam perniciem meam cum magnā calamitate rei publicae esse conjunctam,

    id. ib. 1, 5, 11:

    perniciem rei publicae moliens,

    id. ib. 1, 2, 5:

    cum tuā peste ac pernicie cumque eorum exitio, qui, etc.,

    id. ib. 1, 13, 33:

    incumbere ad perniciem alicujus,

    id. Mur. 28, 59:

    in apertam perniciem incurrere,

    id. N. D. 3, 27, 69:

    ad perniciem vocari,

    id. de Or. 2, 9, 35: Romanos inferendae pernicii causā venisse, Sisenn. ap. Gell. and Non. 1. 1.:

    alicui perniciem machinari,

    Sall. C. 18, 7:

    perniciem invenire sibi et aliis,

    Tac. A. 1, 74:

    pernicies in accusatorem vertit,

    id. ib. 11, 37; id. H. 3, 27:

    in nepotum Perniciem,

    Hor. C. 2, 13, 4.—
    II.
    Transf., concr., a person or thing that is ruinous or baleful, destruction, ruin, bane, pest:

    egredere, erilis pernicies, ex aedibus,

    Plaut. Most. 1, 1, 3 Lorenz (Ritschl, permicies):

    perlecebrae, pernicies, adulescentum exitium,

    id. As. 1, 2, 7:

    legirupa, pernicies adulescentum,

    id. Ps. 1, 3, 130; cf.:

    leno, pernicies communis adulescentium,

    Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 34:

    pernicies provinciae Siciliae,

    i. e. Verres, Cic. Verr. 1, 1, 2:

    illam perniciem exstinxit ac sustulit,

    i. e. Clodius, id. Mil. 31, 84:

    lymphae vini pernicies,

    Cat. 27, 5:

    eripite hanc pestem perniciemque mihi,

    id. 76, 20:

    pernicies et tempestas barathrumque macelli,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 15, 31.—Of animals, Col. 8, 14, 9.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > pernicies

  • 5 pestis

    pestis, is, f. [perh. for perd-tis, from perdo], a deadly, esp. an infectious or contagious disease, a plague, pest, pestilence; also, a noxious atmosphere, unhealthy weather (class., but rare for pestilentia; cf. contagio, lues).
    I.
    Lit.: hos pestis necuit, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 861 P. (Ann. v. 549 Vahl.):

    ibes avertunt pestem ab Aegypto,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 36, 101:

    avertere a populo pestem,

    Liv. 4, 25, 3; 5, 14; 25, 26:

    alii aliā peste absumpti sunt,

    Liv. 25, 19.— Poet.:

    crudelem nasorum interfice pestem,

    i. e. stinking smell, Cat. 69, 9.—In plur.:

    in omnibus morbis ac pestibus,

    Col. 7, 5 fin; 2, 9, 9 sq.—
    II.
    Transf., in gen., destruction, ruin, death (class.): qui alteri exitium parat, Eum scire oportet, sibi paratam pestem ut participet parem, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 17, 39 (Trag. v. 22 Vahl.); so with exitium, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 21, 42 (Trag. v. 68 Vahl.):

    quanta pernis pestis veniet!

    Plaut. Capt. 4, 3, 3; Lucr. 3, 347:

    detestabilis pestis,

    Cic. Off. 2, 5, 16:

    pestis ac pernicies civitatis,

    id. Rab. Perd. 1, 2; 9, 25: priusquam oppeto malam pestem (= subeo mortem), Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 16, 38 (Trag. v. 15 Vahl.); so,

    occidam oppetamque pestem,

    will seek my death, Plaut. Capt. 3, 3, 11; cf. id. As. 1, 1, 7:

    servatae a peste carinae,

    i. e. from the fire, Verg. A. 5, 699:

    pestem miserrimam importare alicui,

    Cic. Deiot. 15, 43:

    machinari alicui,

    id. N. D. 3, 26, 67:

    minitari,

    Liv. 2, 49.—
    B.
    Concr., of a destructive thing or person, a pest, curse, bane:

    quin unā omnes peste hac populum liberant?

    Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 70:

    peste interimor textili (of the poisoned and fatal garment of Nessus), Cic. poët. Tusc. 2, 8, 20: coluber, Pestis boum,

    Verg. G. 3, 419:

    illa furia ac pestis patriae (of Clodius),

    id. Sest. 14, 33:

    post abitum hujus importunissimae pestis,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 54, § 125:

    nec saevior ulla Pestis et ira deūm (of the Harpies),

    Verg. A. 3, 214:

    pestes frugum,

    Plin. 22, 25, 77, § 160;

    of Nero: clade et peste sub illā,

    Juv. 4, 84.—In plur.:

    quaedam pestes hominum,

    social pests, Cic. Fam. 5, 8, 2:

    variae pestes,

    Verg. G. 1, 181:

    corporeae pestes,

    id. A. 6, 737.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > pestis

  • 6 praecipito

    praecĭpĭto, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. and n. [praeceps], to throw or cast down headlong, to precipitate (class.; syn.. deicio, deturbo, proruo).
    I.
    Act.
    A.
    Lit.:

    pilae in mare praecipitatae,

    Nep. Alcib. 6 fin.:

    truncas rupes in tecta domosque,

    Stat. Th. 10, 881: currum scopulis, hurl or dash against, Ov. M. 15, 518:

    pinus,

    Stat. Achill. 2, 546.— Freq. with se or pass. in middle sense:

    se e Leucade,

    Cic. Tusc. 4, 18, 41:

    se a tecto,

    Sen. Ep. 4, 4:

    se de turri,

    Liv. 23, 37:

    sese in fossas,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 69:

    praecipitasse se quosdam constabat (sc. de muro),

    threw themselves from the wall, Liv. 23, 19, 6; Hor. S. 2, 3, 277:

    plerique semet ipsi praecipitaverunt,

    Liv. 21, 14, 1:

    se in Tiberim,

    id. 4, 12, 11; Caes. B. G. 4, 15; Curt. 4, 16, 16; 6, 6, 32;

    Auct. B. Alex. 18: ubi Nilus praecipitans se fragore auditum accolis aufert,

    Plin. 6, 29, 35, § 118:

    praecipitare volens etiam pulcherrima,

    to throw overboard, Juv. 12, 38.—Mid.:

    cum alii super vallum praecipitarentur,

    threw themselves down, Sall. J. 58, 6; Ov. F. 4, 164; id. M. 7, 760; 11, 556:

    lux Praecipitatur aquis,

    sinks in the ocean, sets, id. ib. 4, 92; cf.:

    hac te praecipitato,

    run this way, for life! Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 36.— Absol.: si quando iis (parvis) ludentes minamur, praecipitaturos alicunde, extimescunt, that we will throw them down from any place (= nos eos dejecturos), Cic. Fin. 5, 11, 31.—
    2.
    Transf., in gen., to bend a thing down:

    vitem,

    Cato, R. R. 32, 2:

    partem (vitis),

    Col. 4, 20, 4:

    palmitem,

    id. 5, 6, 33.—
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    To throw, hurl, or cast down, to precipitate: [p. 1414] praecipitari ex altissimo dignitatis gradu, Cic. Dom. 37, 98; cf.:

    in tanta mala praeeipitatus ex patrio regno,

    Sall. J. 14, 23.— Esp. with reflex. pron.:

    semet ipse praecipitare,

    to hasten to ruin, destroy one's self, Sall. J. 41, 9:

    se in exitium,

    Cels. 3, 21:

    se in insidias,

    Liv. 3, 18, 7 dub. (Madv. omits se):

    furor iraque mentem Praecipitant,

    carry away, urge onward, sway violently, Verg. A. 2, 317:

    spem festinando praecipitare,

    Ov. P. 3, 1, 140:

    in senectam praecipitare,

    to cause to grow old prematurely, Plin. 17, 12, 19, § 94:

    quosdam praecipitat subjecta potentia magnae Invidiae,

    Juv. 10, 56.—In pass., Cic. Rep. 2, 23, 43: nox praecipitata, declining, i. e. drawing to a close, Ov. Tr. 1, 3, 47; cf.: aetas praecipitata (opp. adulescens), declining age, Mat. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 5.—
    2.
    To hasten, hurry a thing (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

    quae Praecipitent obitum,

    hasten their setting, Cic. Arat. 349:

    vindemiam,

    Col. 3, 21, 10:

    consulta viri,

    Sil. 3, 166:

    ne praecipitetur editio,

    Quint. Ep. ad Tryph. 2:

    consilia raptim praecipitata,

    precipitate, Liv. 31, 32.— Poet.:

    moras,

    i. e. exchange delay for haste, Verg. A. 8, 443; 12, 699:

    Tiphyn pelago parari praecipitat,

    Val. Fl. 2, 390:

    cursum,

    Juv. 15, 78.—
    3.
    With acc. and inf., to hasten, press, urge to do any thing ( poet.):

    dare tempus Praecipitant curae,

    Verg. A. 11, 3:

    si praecipitant miserum cognoscere curae,

    Stat. Th. 1, 679. —
    II.
    Neutr., to hasten or rush down, to throw one's self down, rush headlong, sink rapidly, to fall (class., but only of involuntary falling; cf. I. A.).
    A.
    Lit.:

    praecipitare istuc quidem est, non descendere,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 32, 90:

    de montibus altis ad terram,

    Lucr. 4, 1021:

    ubi Nilus praecipitat ex altissimis montibus,

    Cic. Rep. 6, 18, 19; cf.:

    Fibrenus... statim praecipitat in Lirem,

    id. Leg. 2, 3, 6: and:

    in amni praecipitante,

    id. de Or. 3, 48, 186:

    nimbi In vada praecipitant,

    Verg. A. 9, 670; 11, 617:

    in fossam,

    Liv. 25, 11, 6; 7, 6, 9; 38, 2, 14;

    39, 2, 3: in insidias,

    id. 2, 51; 5, 18; Plin. 11, 24, 28, § 82:

    non fugis hinc praeceps, dum praecipitare potestas?

    Verg. A. 4, 565:

    sol praecipitans,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 55, 209:

    jam nox caelo Praecipitat,

    is sinking, draws to a close, Verg. A. 2, 9:

    hiems jam praecipitaverat,

    had closed, come to an end, Caes. B. C. 3, 25.—
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    To fall down, to fall, rush, or sink to ruin:

    qui in amorem Praecipitavit, pejus perit quam si saxo saliat,

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 31:

    praecipitantes impellere, certe est inhumanum,

    Cic. Rab. Post. 1, 2; so,

    praecipitantem impellamus,

    id. Clu. 26, 70:

    ubi non subest, quo praecipitet ac decidat,

    he may tumble down, id. Rep. 1, 45, 69:

    praecipitante re publicā,

    id. Sull. 1, 1; cf. id. ib. 31, 87; and:

    cum ad Cannas praecipitasset Romana res,

    Liv. 27, 40:

    ad exitium praecipitans,

    Cic. Att. 3, 15, 7.—
    2.
    To be too hasty:

    cum vitiosum sit adsentiri quicquam aut falsum aut incognitum, sustinenda est potius omnis adsensio, ne praecipitet, si temere processerit,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 21, 68.—Hence, praecĭpĭ-tanter, adv., hastily, precipitately:

    agens mannos ad villam,

    Lucr. 3, 1063.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > praecipito

  • 7 dīgnus

        dīgnus adj. with comp. and sup.    [DEC-], worthy, deserving, meritorious, deserved, suitable, fitting, becoming, proper: quod te dignumst facere, T.: vir maioribus suis dignissimus: adsentatio, quae ne libero quidem digna est: O fons, Dulci digne mero, H.: quod dignum memoriā visum, Cs.: quicquid dignum sapiente bonoque, H.: dicere Cinnā digna, V.: dignum factis suis exitium invenit, S.: digna, quoi committas mulierem, T.: videtur, qui imperet, dignus esse: digna res est ubi tu nervos intendas tuos, worth your utmost exertion, T.: dignos esse, eorum agrum Bolanum esse (i. e. ut eorum esset), L.: unā perire, O.: concedere, Ct.: fuisse coniunx, O.: amari, V.: legi, H.: digna res visa, ut simulacrum pingi iuberet, L.: quidquid putabit dignum esse memoriae, Ph.: Di tibi id quod dignus es duint, T.: amicus, dignus huic ad imitandum: si digna poena pro factis eorum reperitur, S.: Dignum praestabo me pro laude merentis, H.: causa, L.: dignior heres, H.: dignas gratīs persolvere, V.: digna gloria ruris, V.: id, cum ipse per se dignus putaretur, impetravit: ex malā conscientiā digna timere, just retribution, S.: dici ut dignumst, as is proper, T.: quid minus est dignum quam videri, etc.: rem minus aegre quam dignum erat tulisse, L.: serius quam dignum populo R. fuit: ut probae dignum est, O.: cum auctoribus, quibus dignius credi est, L. — With supin. abl.: nihil dignum dictu, L.: digna relatu, O.: agere digna memoratu, Ta.—As subst: nulla contumelia est, quam facit dignus: diligere non dignos: exemplum ab dignis ad indignos transfertur, S.: dignis ait esse paratus, i. e. (to help) the deserving, H.
    * * *
    digna -um, dignior -or -us, dignissimus -a -um ADJ
    appropriate/suitable; worthy, deserving, meriting

    Latin-English dictionary > dīgnus

  • 8 exitiābilis

        exitiābilis e, adj.    [exitium], destructive, fatal, deadly: bellum civibus: tyrannus, L.: telum, O.: in suos animus, Ta.
    * * *
    exitiabilis, exitiabile ADJ
    destructive, deadly

    Latin-English dictionary > exitiābilis

  • 9 exitiālis

        exitiālis e, adj.    [exitium], destructive, fatal, deadly: exitūs: litterae, L.: donum, V.
    * * *
    exitialis, exitiale ADJ
    destructive, deadly

    Latin-English dictionary > exitiālis

  • 10 exitiōsus

        exitiōsus adj. with comp.    [exitium], destructive, pernicious, deadly: coniuratio: quod exitiosum fore videbam: rei p. exitiosior, Ta.
    * * *
    exitiosa, exitiosum ADJ
    destructive, pernicious, deadly

    Latin-English dictionary > exitiōsus

  • 11 lūctuōsus

        lūctuōsus adj. with comp. and sup.    [luctus], full of sorrow, causing sorrow, sorrowful, lamentable, mournful: victoria, S.: nox meis omnibus: luctuosum est tradi alteri, luctuosius inimico: luctuosissimum exitium patriae: arma, H.— Feeling sorrow, sorrowful, sad: Hesperia, H.
    * * *
    luctuosa, luctuosum ADJ
    mournful; grievous

    Latin-English dictionary > lūctuōsus

  • 12 miserābilis

        miserābilis e, adj. with comp.    [miseror], pitiable, miserable, deplorable, lamentable, wretched, sad: facies, S.: nihil est tam miserabile, quam ex beato miser: exitium, V.: vox, plaintive: elegi, mournful, H.: miserabilior causa mortis, L.: hac facie miserabilior Pollio, Iu.: miserabile visu, a wretched sight, V.
    * * *
    miserabilis, miserabile ADJ
    wretched, miserable, pitiable

    Latin-English dictionary > miserābilis

  • 13 (ops)

        (ops) opis (no nom. or dat sing.), f    [2 AP-], aid, help, support, assistance, succor: opis egens tuae: siquid opis potes adferre huic, T.: moran-tibus opem ferre, Cs.: aliquid opis rei p. tulissemus: ad opem iudicum confugiunt: exitium superabat opem, i. e. baffled medical skill, O.: Adfer opem! help! O.: sine hominum opibus et studiis: (equus) Imploravit opes hominis, H.—Power, might, strength, ability, influence, weight: summa nituntur opum vi, V.: summā ope niti, S.: omni ope atque operā enitar, with might and main: quācumque ope possent: Non opis est nostrae, in our power, V.: Dissimulator opis propriae, H.— Means, property, substance, wealth, riches, treasure, resources, might, power (rare in sing.): vidi ego te, astante ope barbaricā, etc., Enn. ap. C.: barbarica, V.— Plur: nostrae opes contusae erant, S.: privatae, H.: magnas inter opes inops, H.: ruris parvae, O.: vita opibus firma, copiis locuples: Troianas ut opes Eruerint Danai, V.: opes amovento, avoid display.—Person., the goddess of abundance, sister and wife of Saturn, identified with the Earth, C., O.: ad Opis (sc. aedem).

    Latin-English dictionary > (ops)

  • 14 praecipitō

        praecipitō āvī, ātus, āre    [praeceps], to throw headlong, cast down, hurl down, precipitate: p<*>ae in mare praecipitatae, N.: currum scopulis, hurl against, O.: se ex altissimo muro: sese in fossas, Cs.: se (sc. de muro), L.: se in Tiberim, L.: se in medios ignīs, Cu.: etiam pulcherrima, throw overboard, Iu.: cum alii super vallum praecipitarentur, threw themselves down, S.: lux Praecipitatur aquis, sets in the ocean, O.: hac te praecipitato, run this way for life! T.: iis (parvis) minari, praecipitaturos alicunde, threaten to throw them down.—To rush down, throw oneself down, rush headlong, sink rapidly, drop, tumble, fall (of involuntary falling): statim praecipitat in Lirem: nimbi In vada praecipitant, V.: in fossam, L.: sol praecipitans: iam nox caelo Praecipitat, is sinking, V.: hiems iam praecipitaverat, had come to an end, Cs.—Fig., to throw down, hurl down, precipitate: praecipitari ex altissimo dignitatis gradu: semet ipse praecipitare, destroy oneself, S.: se in insidias, L.: furor iraque mentem Praecipitant, carry headlong, V.: quosdam praecipitat potentia Invidiae, Iu.: nox praecipitata, declining, O.— To hasten, hurry: quae Praecipitent obitum, hasten their setting: praecipitata raptim consilia, precipitate, L.: moras, i. e. exchange for haste, V.: dare tempus Praecipitant curae, hasten, V.— To fall down, fall, sink, be ruined: ubi non subest, quo praecipitet, may tumble down: cum ad Cannas praecipitasset Romana res, L.: ad exitium praecipitans.— To be too hasty, be precipitate: sustinenda est adsensio, ne praecipitet: praecipitare istuc quidem est, non descendere, to jump at a conclusion.
    * * *
    praecipitare, praecipitavi, praecipitatus V
    throw headlong, cast down

    Latin-English dictionary > praecipitō

  • 15 vocō

        vocō āvī, ātus, āre    [VOC-], to call, summon, invoke, call together, convoke: (patrem) blandā voce: hominum multitudinem ex omni provinciā vocat, Cs.: classico ad concilium milites ad tribunos, L.: patribus vocatis, V.: Fertur haec moriens pueris dixisse vocatis, H.: ut in senatum vocarentur qui, etc., L.: in contionem vocari placuit, L.— Poet.: Tum cornix plenā pluviam vocat voce, i. e. announces, V.: pugnas, i. e. declare war, V.— To call upon, invoke, appeal to: Voce vocans Hecaten, invoking, V.: ventis vocatis, V.: Auxilio deos, V.: vos (deos) in verba, as witnesses, O.: Quem vocet divōm populus, H.: votis imbrem, call down, V.: (Charon) levare functum Pauperem laboribus Vocatus, H.—In legal proceedings, to cite, summon: in ius: vocatus Ariston purgare sese, L.—As a guest, to bid, invite, ask: alqm ad cenam, T.: ad prandium volgo: Spatium Vocandi dabitur, i. e. for sending invitations, T.—To call, invite, exhort, summon, urge, stimulate: me ad vitam: quam in spem me.—To challenge, defy: centuriones hostīs, si introire vellent, vocare coeperunt, Cs.: cum hinc Aetoli vocarent ad bellum, L.: cantu vocat in certamina divos, V.—To call by name, name, denominate, designate, entitle: urbem Romam, Enn. ap. C.: regem illum unum: ad Spelaeum, quod vocant, biduum moratus, L.: me miserum vocares, H.: patrioquo vocat de nomine mensem, names after, O.: se Quirinum vocari: Sive tu Lucina probas vocari, H.—To call, bring, draw, put, set, place: apud milites me in invidiam: in partem (hereditatis) mulieres vocatae sunt, succeeded to a share: me ad Democritum vocas, refer: eam (causam) in iudicium, bring to trial: quae fecisti, in iudicium voco, I call to account: sub iudicium singula verba, O.: si ad calculos eum res p. vocet, L.: Italiam ad exitium vocas, i.e. threaten with ruin.—Of things, to invite, call, summon, incite, arouse: lenis crepitans vocat Auster in altum, V.: Quāque vocant fluctūs, O.: Carthaginiensīs fessos nox ad quietem vocabat, L.: ipso anni tempore ad gerendum bellum vocari, Cs.
    * * *
    vocare, vocavi, vocatus V
    call, summon; name; call upon

    Latin-English dictionary > vocō

  • 16 absum

    ab-sum, āfui (better than abfui), āfŭtārus (aforem, afore), v. n., in its most general signif., to be away from, be absent.
    I.
    In gen.
    A.
    Absol. without designating the distance (opp. adsum):

    num ab domo absum?

    Plaut. Ep. 5, 2, 16:

    me absente atque insciente,

    id. Trin. 1, 2, 130:

    domini ubi absunt,

    are not at home, not present, Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 53: facile aerumnam ferre possum, si inde abest injuria, Caecil. ap. Non. 430, 18.—
    B.
    With reference to the distance in space or time; which is expressed either by a definite number, or, in gen., by the advs. multum, paulum (not parum, v. below) longe, etc.:

    edixit, ut ab urbe abesset milia pass. ducenta,

    Cic. Sest. 12, 29:

    castra, quae aberant bidui,

    id. Att. 5, 16:

    hic locus aequo fere spatio ab castris Ariovisti et Caesaris aberat,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 43:

    haud longe abesse oportet,

    he ought not to be far hence, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 166:

    legiones magnum spatium aberant,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 17:

    menses tres abest,

    Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 66:

    haud permultum a me aberit infortunium,

    Ter. Heaut. 4, 2, 1; Cic. Fam. 2, 7.—With the simple abl. for ab:

    paulumque cum ejus villa abessemus,

    Cic. Ac. 1, 1 Görenz; but, ab ejus villa, B. and K.; cf.:

    nuptā abesse tuā,

    Ov. R. Am. 774.— With inter:

    nec longis inter se passibus absunt,

    Verg. A. 11, 907.—With prope, propius, proxime, to denote a short distance:

    nunc nobis prope abest exitium,

    is not far from, Plaut. Aul. 2, 3, 8;

    so with est: prope est a te Deus, tecum est,

    Sen. Ep. 41:

    loca, quae a Brundisio propius absunt, quam tu, biduum,

    Cic. Att. 8, 14:

    quoniam abes propius,

    since you are nearer, id. ib. 1, 1:

    existat aliquid, quod... absit longissime a vero,

    id. Ac. 2, 11, 36; so id. Deiot. 13; Caes. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 16 al.—Hence the phrase: tantum abest, ut—ut, so far from — that, etc. (Zumpt, §

    779), the origin of which is evident from the following examples from Cic. (the first two of which have been unjustly assailed): id tantum abest ab officio, ut nihil magis officio possit esse contrarium, Off. 1, 14 (with which comp. the person. expression: equidem tantum absum ab ista sententia, ut non modo non arbitrer... sed, etc.,

    id. de Or. 1, 60, 255):

    tantum abest ab eo, ut malum mors sit, ut verear, ne, etc.,

    id. Tusc. 1, 31, 76: ego vero istos tantum abest ut ornem, ut effici non possit, quin eos oderim, so far am I from — that, id. Phil. 11, 14; sometimes etiam or quoque is added to the second clause, Lentul. ap. Cic. Fam. 12, 15, 2; Suet. Tib. 50; more rarely contra, Liv. 6, 31, 4. Sometimes the second ut is left out:

    tantum afuit, ut inflammares nostros animos: somnum isto loco vix tenebamus,

    Cic. Brut. 80, 278; on the contrary, once in Cic. with a third ut: tantum abest ut nostra miremur, ut usque eo difficiles ac morosi simus, ut nobis non satisfaciat ipse Demosthenes, Or. 29, 104.
    II.
    Hence,
    A.
    To be away from any thing unpleasant, to be freed or free from:

    a multis et magnis molestiis abes,

    Cic. Fam. 4, 3:

    a culpa,

    id. Rosc. Am. 20: a reprehensione temeritatis, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 23.
    B.
    To be removed from a thing by will, inclination, etc.; to be disinclined to (syn. abhorreo)' a consilio fugiendi, Cic. Att. 7, 24:

    ab istis studiis,

    id. Planc. 25:

    ceteri a periculis aberant,

    kept aloof from, avoided, Sall. C. 6, 3. toto aberant bello, Caes. B. G. 7, 63.
    C.
    To be removed from a thing in regard to condition or quality, i. e. to be different from, to differ = abhorrere abest a tua virtute et fide, Brut. et Cass. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 2: istae kolakeiai non longe absunt a scelere, id. Att. 13, 30:

    haec non absunt a consuetudine somniorum,

    id. Divin. 1, 21, [p. 13] 42.—Since improvement, as well as deterioration, may constitute the ground of difference, so absum may, according to its connection, designate the one or the other:

    nullā re longius absumus a naturā ferarum,

    in nothing are we more elevated above the nature of the brute, Cic. Off. 1, 16, 50;

    so also the much-contested passage,

    Cic. Planc. 7, 17: longissime Plancius a te afuit, i. e. valde, plurimis suffragiis, te vicit, was far from you in the number of votes, i. e. had the majority; v. Wunder ad Planc. proleg. p. 83 sq.; on the other hand, to be less, inferior: longe te a pulchris abesse sensisti, Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 339, 23:

    multum ab eis aberat L. Fufius,

    id. Brut. 62, 222; so Hor. A. P. 370.
    D.
    Not to be suitable, proper, or fit for a thing:

    quae absunt ab forensi contentione,

    Cic. Or. 11, 37:

    ab principis personā,

    Nep. Ep. 1, 2.
    E.
    To be wanting, = desum, Pac. ap. Cic. Fin. 5, 11, 31 (Trag. Rel. p. 122 Rib.):

    unum a praeturā tuā abest,

    one thing is wanting to your praetorship, Plaut. Ep. 1, 1, 25: quaeris id quod habes;

    quod abest non quaeris,

    Ter. Heaut. 5, 4, 16; cf. Lucr. 3, 970 and 1095.—After Cicero, constr. in this signif. with dat.:

    quid huic abesse poterit de maximarum rerum scientiā?

    Cic. de Or. 1, 11, 48:

    abest enim historia litteris nostris,

    history is yet wanting to our literature, id. Leg. 2, 5.—So esp. in the poets:

    donec virenti canities abest morosa,

    Hor. C. 1, 9, 17; 3, 24, 64; Ov. M. 14, 371.—Hence the phrase non multum (neque multum), paulum, non (haud) procul, minimum, nihil abest, quin. not much, little, nothing is wanting that (Zumpt, Gr. § 540); but not parum, since parum in good classical authors does not correspond in meaning with non multum, but with non satis (v. parum):

    neque multum abesse ab eo, quin, etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 2, 2; and absol.:

    neque multum afuit quin,

    id. B. C. 2, 35, 4:

    paulumque afuit quin, ib. § 2: legatos nostros haud procul afuit quin violarent,

    Liv. 5, 4 fin.:

    minimum afuit quin periret,

    was within a little of, Suet. Aug. 14:

    nihil afore credunt quin,

    Verg. A. 8, 147 al.
    F.
    Abesse alicui or ab aliquo, to be wanting to any one, to be of no assistance or service to (opp. adsum):

    ut mirari Torquatus desinat, me, qui Antonio afuerim, Sullam defendere,

    Cic. Sull. 5: facile etiam absentibus nobis ( without our aid) veritas se ipsa defendet, id. Ac. 2, 11, 36:

    longe iis fraternum nomen populi Romani afuturum,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 36. So also Cic. Planc. 5, 13: et quo plus intererat, eo plus aberas a me, the more I needed your assistance, the more you neglected me, v. Wunder ad h. l.; cf. also Sall. C. 20 fin.
    G.
    Cicero uses abesse to designate his banishment from Rome (which he would never acknowledge as such):

    qui nullā lege abessem,

    Cic. Sest. 34, 37; cf.: discessus. —Hence, absens, entis ( gen. plur. regul. absentium;

    absentum,

    Plaut. Stich. 1, 1, 5), P. a., absent (opp. praesens).
    A.
    In gen.:

    vos et praesentem me curā levatis et absenti magna solatia dedistis,

    Cic. Brut. 3, 11; so id. Off. 3, 33, 121; id. Verr. 2, 2, 17:

    quocirca (amici) et absentes adsunt et egentes abundant,

    id. Lael. 7, 23:

    ut loquerer tecum absens, cum coram id non licet,

    id. Att. 7, 15:

    me absente,

    id. Dom. 3; id. Cael. 50:

    illo absente,

    id. Tull. 17; id. Verr. 2, 60:

    absente accusatore,

    id. ib. 2, 99 al.— Sup.:

    mente absentissimus,

    Aug. Conf. 4, 4.—Of things (not thus in Cic.):

    Romae rus optas, absentem rusticus urbem tollis ad astra,

    Hor. S. 2, 7, 28; so,

    Rhodus,

    id. Ep. 1, 11, 21:

    rogus,

    Mart. 9, 77, 8:

    venti,

    Stat. Th. 5, 87:

    imagines rerum absentium,

    Quint. 6, 2, 29:

    versus,

    Gell. 20, 10.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    In conversat. lang.
    (α).
    Praesens absens, in one's presence or absence:

    postulo ut mihi tua domus te praesente absente pateat,

    Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 29.—
    (β).
    Absente nobis turbatumst, in our absence (so also:

    praesente nobis, v. praesens),

    Ter. Eun. 4, 3, 7; Afran. ap. Non. 76, 19 (Com. Rel. p. 165 Rib.).—
    2.
    In polit. lang., not appearing in public canvassings as a competitor:

    deligere (Scipio) iterum consul absens,

    Cic. Rep. 6, 11; so Liv. 4, 42, 1; 10, 22, 9.—
    3.
    = mortuus, deceased, Plaut. Cas. prol. 20; Vitr. 7, praef. § 8.—
    4.
    Ellipt.: absens in Lucanis, absent in Lucania, i. e. absent and in Lucania, Nep. Hann. 5, 3; so id. Att. 8, 6.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > absum

  • 17 agito

    ăgĭto, āvi, ātum, 1, v. freq. a. [ago], as if the supine were agitu; cf.: quaero quaerito.
    I.
    Lit., to put a thing in motion, to drive or impel (mostly poet., or in more elevated prose; from poetry it passed, after the Aug. per., into common prose).
    A.
    Of cattle, to drive, conduct (cf. ago):

    calcari quadrupedem agitabo advorsum clivom,

    Plaut. As. 3, 3, 118:

    stimulo boves agitat,

    Vulg. Eccli. 38, 26:

    hanc in curru bijugos agitare leones,

    drives her span of lions, Lucr. 2, 602:

    agitantur quadrigae,

    Varr. L. L. 6, § 41 Müll.:

    ad flumina currus,

    Verg. G. 3, 18:

    jussit agitari currum suum,

    Vulg. 2 Macc. 9, 4: lanigeros greges hirtasque capellas, to drive, poet. for to tend, Verg. G. 3, 287:

    sacros jugales (dracones),

    Ov. M. 5, 661:

    quadrigas bigasque et equos desultorios,

    Suet. Caes. 39.—
    B.
    Of the motion of other things, to move, impel, shake:

    triremem in portu,

    Nep. Dion, 9, 2:

    alas,

    Ov. Tr. 3, 4, 21:

    manibusque leves agitavit habenas,

    id. M. 7, 221:

    hastam,

    id. ib. 3, 667: caput, to move the head ( in token of assent = annuere), id. ib. 1, 567:

    arundinem vento agitatam,

    Vulg. Matt. 11, 7.—Esp., of animals, to hunt, chase, pursue: etiamsi excitaturus [p. 72] non sis nec agitaturus feras, Cic. Off. 3, 17:

    aquila insectans alias aves atque agitans,

    id. Div. 2, 70:

    trepidas columbas,

    Ov. M. 5, 606; 11, 300:

    damas,

    id. ib. 10, 539:

    cursu timidos onagros,

    Verg. G. 3, 409 al. —
    C.
    Of the motion caused by the wind, to drive to and fro, toss about, agitate, disturb:

    ventus enim fit, ubi est agitando percitus aër,

    when the air is violently agitated and driven, Lucr. 6, 686:

    mare ventorum vi agitari atque turbari,

    Cic. Clu. 49 fin.; id. Univ. 3, 7:

    freta ponti Incipiunt agitata tumescere,

    Verg. G. 1, 357:

    aristas,

    Ov. A. A. 1, 553:

    Zephyris agitata Tempe,

    Hor. C. 3, 1, 24:

    ventis agitatur pinus,

    id. ib. 2, 10, 9:

    veteres agitantur orni,

    id. ib. 1, 9, 12:

    agitaret aura capillos,

    id. Epod. 15, 9.—
    D.
    Of the motion caused by the water: agitata numina Trojae, tossed or driven about upon the sea, Verg. A. 6, 68; Prop. 3, 21, 5.—
    E.
    In gen., of the motion caused by other things:

    magnes (lapis) agitat (ferri ramenta) per aes,

    Lucr. 6, 1054:

    agitari inter se concursu,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 39: pulsu externo agitari, Macr Somn. Scip. 9.— Poet. of mist, to produce it by motion or agitation: dejectuque (Peneus) gravi tenues agitantia fumos Nubila conducit, and by its impetuous descent (into the valley) raises clouds producing mist, Ov. M. 1, 571—
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    To rouse up, excite, move, urge, drive, impel one to something: aliquem, sometimes in aliquid (so in Florus very freq.):

    in furias agitantur equae,

    are excited to fury, Ov. A. A. 2, 487:

    agitare plebem,

    to stir up, rouse, Liv. 3, 11:

    populum,

    Flor. 2, 12, 2; so id. 11, 6, 2 al.:

    agitatus cupiditate regni,

    id. 3, 1:

    gens sacratis legibus agitata in exitium urbis,

    id. 1, 16, 7.—
    B.
    To disquiet, disturb, to drive hither and thither, to vex, trouble, torment (the fig. taken from the sea agitated by storm; cf. Gernh. and Beier upon Cic. Off. 1, 24, 82):

    dii deaeque te agitant irati,

    Plaut. Pers. 4, 4, 115:

    atra bilis agitat hominem,

    id. Capt. 3, 4, 64; so id. Curc. 1, 1, 92; 2, 1, 24:

    ut eos agitent furiae, neque usquam consistere patiantur,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 24 (cf. Verg. A. 3, 331:

    scelerum furiis agitatus Orestes,

    id. ib. 4, 471):

    suum quemque scelus agitat amentiaque afficit,

    id. ib. 24:

    agitare et insequi poëtas,

    Tac. Or. 4; 25 and 41:

    multis injuriis jactata atque agita ta,

    Cic. Quint. 2:

    est magni viri, rebus agitatis (= perturbatis, Beier) punire sontes,

    id. Off. 1, 24, 82:

    agitabatur animus inopiā rei familiaris et conscientiā scelerum,

    Sall. C. 5, 7:

    quos conscientia defectionis agitabat,

    Tac. Agr. 16:

    commotus metu atque libidine diversus agitabatur,

    was drawn in different directions, Sall. J 25, 6; Liv. 22, 12. ne te semper inops agitet vexetque cupido, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 98:

    quos agitabat timor,

    Tac. Agr. 16:

    timore et metu agitati,

    Vulg. Judith, 15, 1:

    injuriis agitatus,

    Flor. 1, 8, 7:

    seditionibus,

    Just. 12, 4, 12.—
    C.
    To assail with reproach, derision, insult; to reprove, blame, scoff, deride, insult, mock:

    agitat rem militarem, insectatur totam legationem,

    attacks, ridicules, Cic. Mur. 9, 21; id. Brut. 28, 109: mea saevis agitat fastidia verbis, Hor Epod. 12, 13; without verbis:

    agitant expertia frugis,

    id. A. P. 341:

    vesanum poëtam agitant pueri,

    id. ib. 456.—
    D.
    In gen., to drive or urge on a thing, to accomplish or do, to drive at, to be employed in, be engaged in, to have, hold, keep, to celebrate; v. ago, II. D. (in the historians, esp. Sallust, very freq.):

    Haec ego non agitem?

    should I not drive at? Juv. 1, 52:

    vigilias,

    to keep, Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 27; so,

    custodiam,

    id. Rud. 3, 6, 20; so Tac. A. 11, 18:

    hoc agitemus convivium vino et sermone suavi,

    let us celebrate, Plaut. As. 5, 1, 7:

    Dionysia,

    Ter. Heaut. 4, 4, 11; so id. Hec. 1, 2, 18:

    convivia,

    Ov. M. 7, 431; Suet. Claud. 32 festa gaudia, Sil. 15, 423:

    meum natalem,

    Plaut. Pers. 5, 1, 16;

    so festos dies,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 63:

    jocos,

    Ov. M. 3, 319:

    agraria lex a Flavio tribuno plebis vehementer agitabatur,

    was powerfully urged, supportcd, Cic. Att. 1, 19:

    quae cum praecepta parentis mei agitarem,

    was striving to comply with, Sall. J. 14, 2 (modestius dictum pro:

    studere, ut agerem, Cort.): laeti pacem agitabamus,

    were at peace, enjoyed the delights of peace, id. ib. 14, 10:

    dicit se missum a consule venisse quaesitum ab eo, pacem an bellum agitaturus foret,

    id. ib. 109, 2:

    quoniam deditionis morā induciae agitabantur,

    there was a truce, id. ib. 29, 4; id. C. 24, 2.— Poet.:

    ceu primas agitant acies, certamina miscent,

    as if they formed the front rank, Sil. 9, 330.—Hence of time, esp. life, to pass, spend (cf. ago, II. D 5.):

    vita hominum sine cupiditate agitabatur,

    Sall. C. 2, 1:

    agitare aevum,

    Verg. G. 4, 154; id. A. 10, 235:

    festos dies,

    Tac. H. 3, 78.—In Sall., Tac., Flor., et al., agitare absol., to live, dwell, abide, sojourn, be:

    hi propius mare Africum agitabant,

    Sall. J 18, 9; cf id. ib. 19, 5; id. Fragm. H. 3, 11; so id. J. 54, 2; 59, 1; 94, 4:

    laeti Germant agitabant,

    Tac. A. 1, 50:

    secretus agitat,

    id. ib. 11, 21:

    montium editis sine cultu atque eo ferocius agitabant,

    id. ib. 4, 46; Flor. 4, 12, 48.—
    E.
    Of the mind: agitare aliquid or de aliquā re (in corde, in mente, animo, cum animo, secum, etc.), to drive at a thing in the mind, i. e. to turn over, revolve, to weigh, consider, meditate upon, and with the idea of action to be performed or a conclusion to be made, to deliberate upon, to devise, contrive, plot, to be occupied with, to design, intend, etc.: id ego semper mecum sic agito et comparo, Att ap. Non. 256, 20:

    quom eam rem in corde agito,

    Plaut. Truc 2, 5, 3:

    id agitans mecum,

    Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 10; so Sall. J. 113, 3:

    habet nihil aliud quod agitet in mente,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 41:

    est tuum sic agitare animo, ut, etc.,

    id. Fam. 6, 1:

    quae omnes animo agitabant,

    Tac. A. 6, 9:

    provincias secretis imaginationibus agitans,

    id. ib. 15, 36 in animo bellum, Liv 21, 2; Vell. 1, 16; Quint. 12, 2, 28.—With inf., as object:

    ut mente agitaret bellum renovare,

    Nep. Ham. 1, 4.— Poet.:

    aliquid jamdudum invadere magnum Mens agitat mihi,

    Verg. A 9, 187. —Sometimes also without mente, animo, and the like, agitare aliquid, in the same signif:

    quodsi ille hoc unum agitare coeperit, esse, etc.,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 96:

    rem a me saepe deliberatam et multum agitatam requiris,

    id. Ac. 1, 2: oratori omnia quaesita, disputata, tractata, agitata ( well considered or weighed) esse debent, id. de Or. 3, 14:

    fugam,

    Verg. A. 2, 640.—So esp. freq. in Tac.:

    Britanni agitare inter se mala servitutis, Agr 15: bellum adversus patrem agitare,

    id. H. 4, 86, id. A. 1, 5; 1, 12.—With de:

    de bello,

    Tac. H. 2, 1:

    agitanti de Claudio,

    id. A. 6, 46:

    de tempore ac loco caedis agitabant,

    id. ib. 15, 50; 1, 12; id. H. 4, 59.—With num:

    agitavere, num Messalinam depellerent amore Silli,

    Tac. A. 11, 29; id. H. 1, 19.— With - ne:

    agitavere placeretne, etc.,

    Tac. H. 3, 1.—With an:

    an Artaxata pergeret, agitavit,

    Tac. A. 13, 41 —With quomodo, Tac. A. 2, 12.—With ut (of purpose):

    ut Neronem pudor caperet, insita spe agitari,

    Tac. A. 16, 26.—
    F.
    To treat or speak of or concerning a thing, to confer about, deliberate upon. Romae per omnīs locos et conventus de facto consulis agitart ( impers., for agitabatur), discussions were had, Sall. J 30, 1;

    cum de foedere victor agitaret,

    Liv. 9, 5; 30, 3.—
    * G.
    Sat agitare, with gen., in Plaut., = sat agere, to have enough to do, to have trouble with: nunc agitas sat tute tuarum rerum, Bacch. 4, 3, 23.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > agito

  • 18 alter

    alter, tĕra, tĕrum, adj. (the measure of the gen. sing. āltĕrĭŭs as paeon primus is supported in good Latin only by examples from dactylic verse (but see alterĭus in trochaic measure, Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 56), in which īpsĭŭs, īllĭŭs, īstĭŭs, ūnĭŭs, etc., are used as dactyls; on the contr., the regular measure āltĕrīŭs, as ditrochaeus, is sufficiently confirmed by the foll. verses of Enn., Ter., and Ter. Maur.: mox cum alterīus abligurias bona, Enn. ap. Donat. ad Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 25 (Sat. 29 Vahl.):

    alterīus sua comparent commoda? ah!

    Ter. And. 4, 1, 4:

    nec alter[imacracute]us indigéns opís veni,

    Ter. Maur. p. 2432 P.;

    and sescupló vel una víncet alter[imacracute]us singulum,

    id. ib. p. 2412 ib.; Prisc. p. 695 ib.; alterius is also commonly used as the gen. of alius, as alīus is little used (v. h. v. fin.).— Dat. sing. f.:

    alterae,

    Plaut. Rud. 3, 4, 45; Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 30; Caes. B. G. 5, 27; Nep. Eum. 1, 6; Col. 5, 11, 10) [a comp. form of al-ius; cf. Sanscr. antara = alius; Goth. anthar; Lith. antras = secundus; Germ. ander; Gr. heteros; Engl. either, other; also Sanscr. itara = alius], the other of two, one of two, the other, ho heteros.
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen.:

    nam huic alterae patria quae sit, profecto nescio,

    Plaut. Rud. 3, 4, 45:

    necesse est enim sit alterum de duobus,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 41, 97:

    altera ex duabus legionibus,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 20: mihi cum viris ambobus est amicitia;

    cum altero vero magnus usus,

    Cic. Clu. 42, 117:

    alter consulum,

    Liv. 40, 59:

    alter ex censoribus,

    id. 40, 52:

    in alterā parte fluminis legatum reliquit,

    on the other side, Caes. B. G. 2, 5; id. B. C. 3, 54:

    si quis te percusserit in dexteram maxillam tuam, praebe illi et alteram,

    Vulg. Matt. 5, 39; 28, 1.—Hence: alter ambove, one or both; commonly in the abbreviation:

    A. A. S. E. V. = alter ambove si eis videretur: utique C. Pansa, A. Hirtius consules alter ambove S. E. V. rationem agri habeant,

    Cic. Phil. 5 fin. Wernsd.; cf. id. ib. 8, 11; 9, 7 fin.; 14, 14 fin.; cf.

    Brison. Form. pp. 218 and 219: absente consulum altero ambobusve,

    Liv. 30, 23: ambo alterve, S. C. ap. Front. Aquaed. 100 fin. —
    B.
    Esp.
    1.
    a.. In distributive clauses: alter... alter, the one... the other (cf. alius, II. A.): ho heteros... ho heteros:

    Si duobus praefurniis coques, lacunā nihil opus erit. Cum cinere eruto opus erit, altero praefurnio eruito, in altero ignis erit,

    Cato, R. R. 38, 9:

    alteram ille amat sororem, ego alteram,

    Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 68; id. Am. 1, 2, 19; 1, 2, 20; Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 50:

    quorum alter exercitum perdidit, alter vendidit,

    Cic. Planc. 35; so id. Rosc. Am. 6, 16: namque alterā ex parte Bellovaci instabant;

    alteram Camulogenus tenebat,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 59 Herz.:

    conjunxit alteram (cortinam) alteri,

    Vulg. Exod. 36, 10; 36, 22; ib. Joan. 13, 14; ib. Rom. 12, 5.—
    b.
    In same sense, unus... alter, one... the other, as in later Gr. heis men... heteros de: vitis insitio una est per ver, altera est cum uva floret;

    ea optima est,

    Cato, R. R. 41, 1: Phorm. Una injuria est tecum. Chrem. Lege agito ergo. Phorm. Altera est tecum, Ter. Phorm. 5, 8, 90: uni epistolae respondi;

    venio ad alteram,

    Cic. Fam. 2, 17, 6:

    nomen uni Ada, et nomen alteri Sella,

    Vulg. Gen. 4, 19; ib. Matt. 6, 24:

    Erant duae factiones, quarum una populi causam agebat, altera optimatium,

    Nep. Phoc. 3, 1; Liv. 31, 21:

    consules coepere duo creari, ut si unus malus esse voluisset, alter eum coërceret,

    Eutr. 1, 8:

    Duo homines ascenderunt in templum, unus pharisaeus et alter publicanus,

    Vulg. Luc. 18, 10 al. —
    c.
    Sometimes a subst., or hic, ille, etc., stands in the place of the second alter:

    Epaminondas... Leonidas: quorum alter, etc... Leonidas autem, etc.,

    Cic. Fin. 2, 30, 97; so Vell. 2, 71, 3:

    alter gladiator habetur, hic autem, etc.,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 6, 17:

    quorum alteri Capitoni cognomen est, iste, qui adest, magnus vocatur,

    id. ib.:

    alterum corporis aegritudo, illum, etc.,

    Flor. 4, 7.—Sometimes
    (α).
    one alter is entirely omitted (cf. alius, II. A.; heteros, L. and S. I. 2.):

    duae turmae haesere: altera metu dedita hosti, pertinacior (sc. altera), etc.,

    Liv. 29, 33:

    hujus lateris alter angulus ad orientem solem, inferior ad meridiem spectat,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 13; or
    (β).
    the form changed:

    dialecticam adjungunt et physicam, alteram quod habeat rationem.... Physicae quoque etc.,

    Cic. Fin. 3, 21, 72, and 3, 22, 73. —Sometimes a further distributive word is added:

    alter adulescens decessit, alter senex, aliquis praeter hos infans,

    Sen. Ep. 66, 39:

    alter in vincula ducitur, alter insperatae praeficitur potestati, alius etc.,

    Amm. 14, 11.—
    d.
    In plur.: nec ad vivos pertineat, nec ad mortuos;

    alteri nulli sunt, alteros non attinget,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 38, 91:

    alteri dimicant, alteri victorem timent,

    id. Fam. 6, 3: binas a te accepi litteras; quarum alteris mihi gratulabare... alteris dicebas etc., in one of which,... in the other, id. ib. 4, 14:

    quorum alteri adjuvabant, alteri etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 17: duplices similitudines, unae rerum, alterae verborum, Auct. ad Her. 3, 20. —
    e.
    The second alter in a different case:

    alter alterius ova frangit,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 49:

    uterque numerus plenus, alter alterā de causā habetur,

    Macr. Somn. Scip. 2:

    qui noxii ambo, alter in alterum causam conferant,

    Liv. 5, 11:

    alteri alteros aliquantum attriverant,

    Sall. J. 79, 4; so id. ib. 42, 4;

    53, 7 al. —Also with alteruter: ne alteruter alterum praeoccuparet,

    Nep. Dion. 4, 1.—With unus:

    quom inter nos sorderemus unus alteri,

    Plaut. Truc. 2, 4, 30:

    dicunt unus ad alterum,

    Vulg. Ez. 33, 30:

    ne unus adversus alterum infletur pro alio,

    ib. 1 Cor. 4, 6.—With uterque:

    uterque suo studio delectatus contempsit alterum,

    Cic. Off. 1, 1, 4:

    utrique alteris freti finitimos sub imperium suum coëgere,

    Sall. J. 18, 12.—With nemo, nullus, neuter:

    ut nemo sit alteri similis,

    Quint. 2, 9, 2:

    cum tot saeculis nulla referta sit causa, quae esset tota alteri similis,

    id. 7, prooem. 4:

    neutrum eorum contra alterum juvare,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 1, 3:

    ut neutra alteri officiat,

    Quint. 1, 1, 3.—After two substt., the first alter generally refers to the first subst., and the second to the second:

    Philippum rebus gestis superatum a filio, facilitate video superiorem fuisse. Itaque alter semper magnus, alter saepe turpissimus,

    Cic. Off. 1, 26; cf. Plaut. Am. 1, 2, 21; Brem. ad Suet. Claud. 20.—Sometimes the order is reversed: contra nos (summa gratia et eloquentia) raciunt in hoc tempore;

    quarum alteram (i. e. eloquentiam) vereor, alteram (i. e. gratiam) metuo,

    Cic. Quinct. 1; so id. Off. 3, 18; 1, 12; cf. Spald. ad Quint. 9, 2, 6.—
    2.
    As a numeral = secundus, the second, the next, o heteros:

    primo die, alter dies, tertius dies, deinde reliquis diebus etc.,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 7:

    proximo, altero, tertio, reliquis consecutis diebus non intermittebas etc.,

    id. Phil. 1, 13 Wernsd.:

    quadriennio post alterum consulatum,

    id. Sen. 9:

    die altero,

    Vulg. Jos. 10, 32: alteris Te mensis adhibet deum, i. e. at the dessert (= mensā secundā), Hor. C. 4, 5, 31.—So, alterā die, the next day, têi allêi hêmerai, têi heterai:

    se alterā die ad conloquium venturum,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 19; Vulg. Gen. 19, 34; ib. Matt. 27, 62:

    die altero,

    ib. Num. 11, 32; ib. Jos. 5, 11 al.—So in comparative sense:

    alterā die quam a Brindisio solvit, in Macedoniam trajecit,

    Liv. 31, 14; Suet. Vit. 3:

    intermittere diem alterum quemque oportet,

    every other day, Cels. 3, 23; 3, 13; 4, 12:

    Olea non continuis annis, sed fere altero quoque fructum adfert,

    Col. R. R. 5, 8.—With prepp.:

    qui (Ptolemaeus) tum regnabat alter post Alexandream conditam,

    next after, Cic. Off. 2, 23, 82; so, fortunate puer, tu nunc eris alter ab illo, the second or next after him, Verg. E. 5, 49:

    alter ab undecimo jam tum me ceperat annus,

    id. ib. 8, 39.—Hence,
    b.
    Also with tens, hundreds, etc.:

    accepi tuas litteras, quas mihi Cornificius altero vicesimo die reddidit,

    on the twenty-second day, Cic. Fam. 12, 25 Manut.:

    anno trecentesimo altero quam condita Roma erat,

    in the three hundred and second year, Liv. 3, 33:

    vicesima et altera laedit,

    Manil. 4, 466.—
    c.
    So of a number collectively:

    remissarios pedum XII., alteros pedum X.,

    a second ten, Cato, R. R. 19, 2:

    ad Brutum hos libros alteros quinque mittemus,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 41, 121:

    basia mille, deinde centum, dein mille altera, dein secunda centum,

    Cat. 5, 7.—So with the numeral understood: aurea mala decem misi;

    cras altera (sc. decem) mittam,

    a second ten, Verg. E. 3, 71.—Hence,
    d.
    Unus et alter, unus atque alter, unus alterque, the one and the other.
    (α).
    For two (as in Gr. heis kai heteros):

    unus et alter dies intercesserat,

    Cic. Clu. 26:

    adductus sum tuis unis et alteris litteris,

    id. Att. 14, 18:

    et sub eā versus unus et alter erunt,

    Ov. H. 15, 182; so Suet. Tib. 63; id. Calig. 56; id. Claud. 12 (cf. id. Gram. 24: unum vel alterum, vel, cum plurimos, tres aut quattuor admittere).—
    (β).
    More freq. of an indef. number, one and another; and: unusalterve, one or two:

    Unus et item alter,

    Ter. And. 1, 1, 50:

    mora si quem tibi item unum alterumve diem abstulerit,

    Cic. Fam. 3, 9; so id. Clu. 13, 38; 13, 26:

    versus paulo concinnior unus et alter,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 74; so id. S. 1, 6, 102; 2, 5, 24; id. A. P. 15:

    ex illis unus et alter ait,

    Ov. F. 2, 394; id. Am. 2, 5, 22; Petr. 108; Plin. Pan. 45 Schwarz; cf. id. ib. 52, 2; Suet. Caes. 20; id. Galb. 14 al.:

    paucis loricae, vix uni alterive cassis aut galea,

    Tac. G. 6.—
    e.
    Alterum tantum, as much more or again, twice as much (cf. Gr. heteron tosouton or hetera tosauta):

    etiamsi alterum tantum perdundum est, perdam potius quam sinam, etc.,

    Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 81; so id. Bacch. 5, 2, 65:

    altero tanto aut sesqui major,

    Cic. Or. 56, 188:

    altero tanto longior,

    Nep. Eum. 8, 5; so Dig. 28, 2, 13:

    numero tantum alterum adjecit,

    Liv. 1, 36; so id. 10, 46; Auct. B. Hisp. 30; Dig. 49, 14, 3 al.—
    f.
    Alteri totidem, as many more:

    de alteris totidem scribere incipiamus,

    Varr. L. L. 8, 24 Müll. —
    g.
    To mark the similarity of one object to another in qualities, etc., a second, another (as in English, a second father, my second self, and the like). So,
    (α).
    With a proper name, used as an appellative (cf. alius, II. G.):

    Verres, alter Orcus,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 50:

    alterum se Verrem putabat,

    id. ib. 5, 33 fin.:

    Hamilcar, Mars alter,

    Liv. 21, 10.—
    (β).
    With a com. noun:

    me sicut alterum parentem observat,

    Cic. Fam. 5, 8:

    altera patria,

    Flor. 2, 6, 42 al. —
    (γ).
    Alter ego, a second self, of very intimate friends (in the class. per. perh. only in Cic. Ep.; cf. ho hetairos, heteros egô, Clem. Al. 450):

    vide quam mihi persuaserim te me esse alterum,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 5:

    me alterum se fore dixit,

    id. Att. 4, 1:

    quoniam alterum me reliquissem,

    id. Fam. 2, 15; Aus. praef. 2, 15.—
    (δ).
    Alter idem, a second self, like heteroi hautoi, Arist. Eth. M. 8, 12, 3 (on account of the singularity of the expression, introduced by tamquam):

    amicus est tamquam alter idem,

    Cic. Lael. 21, 82.—
    3.
    The one of two, either of two, without a more precise designation, for alteruter:

    non uterque sed alter,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 43, 132:

    fortasse utrumque, alterum certe,

    id. Att. 11, 18:

    melius peribimus quam sine alteris vestrūm vivemus,

    Liv. 1, 13:

    nec rogarem, ut mea de vobis altera amica foret,

    Ov. A. A. 3, 520:

    ex duobus, quorum alterum petis, etc.,

    Plin. Ep. 1, 7, 3:

    ex duobus (quorum necesse est alterum verum), etc.,

    Quint. 5, 10, 69:

    ac si necesse est in alteram errare partem, maluerim etc.,

    id. 10, 1, 26; 1, 4, 24; 9, 3, 6 al.—Once also with a negative, neither of two: hos, tamquam medios, [p. 98] nec in alterius favorem inclinatos, miserat rex, Liv. 40, 20, 4.—
    II.
    Transf.
    A.
    Another of a class = alius (as opp. to one's self, to another); subst., another, a neighbor, a fellow-creature, ho pelas (so sometimes heteros, Xen. Cyr. 2, 3, 17); cf. Ochsn. Eclog. 90 and 458 (alter designates the similarity of two objects; alius a difference in the objects contrasted): SI. INIVRIAM. FAXIT. ALTERI., Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 20, 1:

    qui alterum incusat probri, eum ipsum se intueri oportet,

    Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 58; id. Am. prol. 84: mox dum alterius abligurias bona, quid censes dominis esse animi? Enn. ap. Don. ad Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 25:

    ut malis gaudeant atque ex incommodis Alterius sua ut comparent commoda,

    Ter. And. 4, 1, 3: qui alteris exitium paret, etc., Att. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 17, 39:

    qui nihil alterius causā facit et metitur suis commodis omnia,

    Cic. Leg. 1, 14:

    ut aeque quisque altero delectetur ac se ipso,

    id. Off. 1, 17, 56; 1, 2, 4:

    scientem in errorem alterum inducere,

    id. ib. 3, 13, 55 et saep.:

    cave ne portus occupet alter,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 32 Schmid.:

    nil obstet tibi, dum ne sit te ditior alter,

    id. S. 1, 1, 40; 1, 5, 33:

    canis parturiens cum rogāsset alteram, ut etc.,

    Phaedr. 1, 19:

    nec patientem sessoris alterius (equum) primus ascendit,

    Suet. Caes. 61; id. Tib. 58:

    in quo judicas alterum, te ipsum condemnas,

    Vulg. Rom. 2, 1:

    nemo quod suum est quaerat, sed quod alterius,

    ib. 1 Cor. 10, 24;

    14, 17: sic in semet ipso tantum gloriam habebit et non in altero,

    ib. Gal. 6, 4 al. —Hence, alter with a neg., or neg. question and comp., as an emphatic expression (mostly ante-class.; cf.

    alius, II. H.): scelestiorem nullum illuxere alterum,

    Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 22:

    scelestiorem in terrā nullam esse alteram,

    id. Cist. 4, 1, 8:

    qui me alter audacior est homo?

    id. Am. 1, 1, 1; id. Ep. 1, 1, 24.—
    B.
    The other, the opposite:

    alterius factionis principes,

    the leaders of the opposite party, Nep. Pelop. 1, 4 (cf. id. ib. 1, 2:

    adversariae factioni): studiosiorem partis alterius,

    Suet. Tib. 11. —
    C.
    In gen., different:

    quotiens te speculo videris alterum,

    Hor. C. 4, 10, 6: abeuntes post carnem alteram (Gr. heteros, q. v. L. and S. III.), Vulg. Jud. 7.—
    D.
    In the lang. of augury, euphem. for infaustus, unfavorable, unpropitious, Fest. p. 6 (v. L. and S. Gr. Lex. s. v. heteros, III. 2.).
    ► The gen.
    alterius commonly serves as gen. of alius instead of alīus, Cic. Fam. 15, 1, 1; id. Att. 1, 5, 1; 1, 20, 2; Caes. B. G. 1, 36, 1; Sall. C. 52, 8; Liv. 21, 13, 3; 22, 14, 4; 26, 8, 2; 28, 37, 6 al.; Col. 8, 17, 2; 11, 2, 87; 12, 22, 2; Sen. Ep. 72, 10; 102, 3; id. Ben. 4, 3, 1; id. Ot. Sap. 4, 1; id. Brev. Vit. 16, 2; id. Q. N. 2, 34, 1 al.; Quint. 7, 9, 8; 8, 3, 73 al.; Tac. A. 15, 25; id. H. 2, 90; Plin. Ep. 10, 114, 2; Suet. Caes. 61; id. Tib. 58 al.; Gell. 2, 28 al.—It also stands as correlative to alius:

    alius inter cenandum solutus est, alterius continuata mors somno est,

    Sen. Ep. 66, 39:

    cum inventum sit ex veris (gemmis) generis alterius in aliud falsas traducere,

    Plin. 37, 12, 75, § 197; Plin. Pan. 2, 6 (Neue, Formenl. II. p. 216).
    ► ‡ altĕras, adv.
    [alter], for alias, acc. to Paul. ex. Fest. p. 27 Müll.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > alter

  • 19 alteras

    alter, tĕra, tĕrum, adj. (the measure of the gen. sing. āltĕrĭŭs as paeon primus is supported in good Latin only by examples from dactylic verse (but see alterĭus in trochaic measure, Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 56), in which īpsĭŭs, īllĭŭs, īstĭŭs, ūnĭŭs, etc., are used as dactyls; on the contr., the regular measure āltĕrīŭs, as ditrochaeus, is sufficiently confirmed by the foll. verses of Enn., Ter., and Ter. Maur.: mox cum alterīus abligurias bona, Enn. ap. Donat. ad Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 25 (Sat. 29 Vahl.):

    alterīus sua comparent commoda? ah!

    Ter. And. 4, 1, 4:

    nec alter[imacracute]us indigéns opís veni,

    Ter. Maur. p. 2432 P.;

    and sescupló vel una víncet alter[imacracute]us singulum,

    id. ib. p. 2412 ib.; Prisc. p. 695 ib.; alterius is also commonly used as the gen. of alius, as alīus is little used (v. h. v. fin.).— Dat. sing. f.:

    alterae,

    Plaut. Rud. 3, 4, 45; Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 30; Caes. B. G. 5, 27; Nep. Eum. 1, 6; Col. 5, 11, 10) [a comp. form of al-ius; cf. Sanscr. antara = alius; Goth. anthar; Lith. antras = secundus; Germ. ander; Gr. heteros; Engl. either, other; also Sanscr. itara = alius], the other of two, one of two, the other, ho heteros.
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen.:

    nam huic alterae patria quae sit, profecto nescio,

    Plaut. Rud. 3, 4, 45:

    necesse est enim sit alterum de duobus,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 41, 97:

    altera ex duabus legionibus,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 20: mihi cum viris ambobus est amicitia;

    cum altero vero magnus usus,

    Cic. Clu. 42, 117:

    alter consulum,

    Liv. 40, 59:

    alter ex censoribus,

    id. 40, 52:

    in alterā parte fluminis legatum reliquit,

    on the other side, Caes. B. G. 2, 5; id. B. C. 3, 54:

    si quis te percusserit in dexteram maxillam tuam, praebe illi et alteram,

    Vulg. Matt. 5, 39; 28, 1.—Hence: alter ambove, one or both; commonly in the abbreviation:

    A. A. S. E. V. = alter ambove si eis videretur: utique C. Pansa, A. Hirtius consules alter ambove S. E. V. rationem agri habeant,

    Cic. Phil. 5 fin. Wernsd.; cf. id. ib. 8, 11; 9, 7 fin.; 14, 14 fin.; cf.

    Brison. Form. pp. 218 and 219: absente consulum altero ambobusve,

    Liv. 30, 23: ambo alterve, S. C. ap. Front. Aquaed. 100 fin. —
    B.
    Esp.
    1.
    a.. In distributive clauses: alter... alter, the one... the other (cf. alius, II. A.): ho heteros... ho heteros:

    Si duobus praefurniis coques, lacunā nihil opus erit. Cum cinere eruto opus erit, altero praefurnio eruito, in altero ignis erit,

    Cato, R. R. 38, 9:

    alteram ille amat sororem, ego alteram,

    Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 68; id. Am. 1, 2, 19; 1, 2, 20; Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 50:

    quorum alter exercitum perdidit, alter vendidit,

    Cic. Planc. 35; so id. Rosc. Am. 6, 16: namque alterā ex parte Bellovaci instabant;

    alteram Camulogenus tenebat,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 59 Herz.:

    conjunxit alteram (cortinam) alteri,

    Vulg. Exod. 36, 10; 36, 22; ib. Joan. 13, 14; ib. Rom. 12, 5.—
    b.
    In same sense, unus... alter, one... the other, as in later Gr. heis men... heteros de: vitis insitio una est per ver, altera est cum uva floret;

    ea optima est,

    Cato, R. R. 41, 1: Phorm. Una injuria est tecum. Chrem. Lege agito ergo. Phorm. Altera est tecum, Ter. Phorm. 5, 8, 90: uni epistolae respondi;

    venio ad alteram,

    Cic. Fam. 2, 17, 6:

    nomen uni Ada, et nomen alteri Sella,

    Vulg. Gen. 4, 19; ib. Matt. 6, 24:

    Erant duae factiones, quarum una populi causam agebat, altera optimatium,

    Nep. Phoc. 3, 1; Liv. 31, 21:

    consules coepere duo creari, ut si unus malus esse voluisset, alter eum coërceret,

    Eutr. 1, 8:

    Duo homines ascenderunt in templum, unus pharisaeus et alter publicanus,

    Vulg. Luc. 18, 10 al. —
    c.
    Sometimes a subst., or hic, ille, etc., stands in the place of the second alter:

    Epaminondas... Leonidas: quorum alter, etc... Leonidas autem, etc.,

    Cic. Fin. 2, 30, 97; so Vell. 2, 71, 3:

    alter gladiator habetur, hic autem, etc.,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 6, 17:

    quorum alteri Capitoni cognomen est, iste, qui adest, magnus vocatur,

    id. ib.:

    alterum corporis aegritudo, illum, etc.,

    Flor. 4, 7.—Sometimes
    (α).
    one alter is entirely omitted (cf. alius, II. A.; heteros, L. and S. I. 2.):

    duae turmae haesere: altera metu dedita hosti, pertinacior (sc. altera), etc.,

    Liv. 29, 33:

    hujus lateris alter angulus ad orientem solem, inferior ad meridiem spectat,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 13; or
    (β).
    the form changed:

    dialecticam adjungunt et physicam, alteram quod habeat rationem.... Physicae quoque etc.,

    Cic. Fin. 3, 21, 72, and 3, 22, 73. —Sometimes a further distributive word is added:

    alter adulescens decessit, alter senex, aliquis praeter hos infans,

    Sen. Ep. 66, 39:

    alter in vincula ducitur, alter insperatae praeficitur potestati, alius etc.,

    Amm. 14, 11.—
    d.
    In plur.: nec ad vivos pertineat, nec ad mortuos;

    alteri nulli sunt, alteros non attinget,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 38, 91:

    alteri dimicant, alteri victorem timent,

    id. Fam. 6, 3: binas a te accepi litteras; quarum alteris mihi gratulabare... alteris dicebas etc., in one of which,... in the other, id. ib. 4, 14:

    quorum alteri adjuvabant, alteri etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 17: duplices similitudines, unae rerum, alterae verborum, Auct. ad Her. 3, 20. —
    e.
    The second alter in a different case:

    alter alterius ova frangit,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 49:

    uterque numerus plenus, alter alterā de causā habetur,

    Macr. Somn. Scip. 2:

    qui noxii ambo, alter in alterum causam conferant,

    Liv. 5, 11:

    alteri alteros aliquantum attriverant,

    Sall. J. 79, 4; so id. ib. 42, 4;

    53, 7 al. —Also with alteruter: ne alteruter alterum praeoccuparet,

    Nep. Dion. 4, 1.—With unus:

    quom inter nos sorderemus unus alteri,

    Plaut. Truc. 2, 4, 30:

    dicunt unus ad alterum,

    Vulg. Ez. 33, 30:

    ne unus adversus alterum infletur pro alio,

    ib. 1 Cor. 4, 6.—With uterque:

    uterque suo studio delectatus contempsit alterum,

    Cic. Off. 1, 1, 4:

    utrique alteris freti finitimos sub imperium suum coëgere,

    Sall. J. 18, 12.—With nemo, nullus, neuter:

    ut nemo sit alteri similis,

    Quint. 2, 9, 2:

    cum tot saeculis nulla referta sit causa, quae esset tota alteri similis,

    id. 7, prooem. 4:

    neutrum eorum contra alterum juvare,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 1, 3:

    ut neutra alteri officiat,

    Quint. 1, 1, 3.—After two substt., the first alter generally refers to the first subst., and the second to the second:

    Philippum rebus gestis superatum a filio, facilitate video superiorem fuisse. Itaque alter semper magnus, alter saepe turpissimus,

    Cic. Off. 1, 26; cf. Plaut. Am. 1, 2, 21; Brem. ad Suet. Claud. 20.—Sometimes the order is reversed: contra nos (summa gratia et eloquentia) raciunt in hoc tempore;

    quarum alteram (i. e. eloquentiam) vereor, alteram (i. e. gratiam) metuo,

    Cic. Quinct. 1; so id. Off. 3, 18; 1, 12; cf. Spald. ad Quint. 9, 2, 6.—
    2.
    As a numeral = secundus, the second, the next, o heteros:

    primo die, alter dies, tertius dies, deinde reliquis diebus etc.,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 7:

    proximo, altero, tertio, reliquis consecutis diebus non intermittebas etc.,

    id. Phil. 1, 13 Wernsd.:

    quadriennio post alterum consulatum,

    id. Sen. 9:

    die altero,

    Vulg. Jos. 10, 32: alteris Te mensis adhibet deum, i. e. at the dessert (= mensā secundā), Hor. C. 4, 5, 31.—So, alterā die, the next day, têi allêi hêmerai, têi heterai:

    se alterā die ad conloquium venturum,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 19; Vulg. Gen. 19, 34; ib. Matt. 27, 62:

    die altero,

    ib. Num. 11, 32; ib. Jos. 5, 11 al.—So in comparative sense:

    alterā die quam a Brindisio solvit, in Macedoniam trajecit,

    Liv. 31, 14; Suet. Vit. 3:

    intermittere diem alterum quemque oportet,

    every other day, Cels. 3, 23; 3, 13; 4, 12:

    Olea non continuis annis, sed fere altero quoque fructum adfert,

    Col. R. R. 5, 8.—With prepp.:

    qui (Ptolemaeus) tum regnabat alter post Alexandream conditam,

    next after, Cic. Off. 2, 23, 82; so, fortunate puer, tu nunc eris alter ab illo, the second or next after him, Verg. E. 5, 49:

    alter ab undecimo jam tum me ceperat annus,

    id. ib. 8, 39.—Hence,
    b.
    Also with tens, hundreds, etc.:

    accepi tuas litteras, quas mihi Cornificius altero vicesimo die reddidit,

    on the twenty-second day, Cic. Fam. 12, 25 Manut.:

    anno trecentesimo altero quam condita Roma erat,

    in the three hundred and second year, Liv. 3, 33:

    vicesima et altera laedit,

    Manil. 4, 466.—
    c.
    So of a number collectively:

    remissarios pedum XII., alteros pedum X.,

    a second ten, Cato, R. R. 19, 2:

    ad Brutum hos libros alteros quinque mittemus,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 41, 121:

    basia mille, deinde centum, dein mille altera, dein secunda centum,

    Cat. 5, 7.—So with the numeral understood: aurea mala decem misi;

    cras altera (sc. decem) mittam,

    a second ten, Verg. E. 3, 71.—Hence,
    d.
    Unus et alter, unus atque alter, unus alterque, the one and the other.
    (α).
    For two (as in Gr. heis kai heteros):

    unus et alter dies intercesserat,

    Cic. Clu. 26:

    adductus sum tuis unis et alteris litteris,

    id. Att. 14, 18:

    et sub eā versus unus et alter erunt,

    Ov. H. 15, 182; so Suet. Tib. 63; id. Calig. 56; id. Claud. 12 (cf. id. Gram. 24: unum vel alterum, vel, cum plurimos, tres aut quattuor admittere).—
    (β).
    More freq. of an indef. number, one and another; and: unusalterve, one or two:

    Unus et item alter,

    Ter. And. 1, 1, 50:

    mora si quem tibi item unum alterumve diem abstulerit,

    Cic. Fam. 3, 9; so id. Clu. 13, 38; 13, 26:

    versus paulo concinnior unus et alter,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 74; so id. S. 1, 6, 102; 2, 5, 24; id. A. P. 15:

    ex illis unus et alter ait,

    Ov. F. 2, 394; id. Am. 2, 5, 22; Petr. 108; Plin. Pan. 45 Schwarz; cf. id. ib. 52, 2; Suet. Caes. 20; id. Galb. 14 al.:

    paucis loricae, vix uni alterive cassis aut galea,

    Tac. G. 6.—
    e.
    Alterum tantum, as much more or again, twice as much (cf. Gr. heteron tosouton or hetera tosauta):

    etiamsi alterum tantum perdundum est, perdam potius quam sinam, etc.,

    Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 81; so id. Bacch. 5, 2, 65:

    altero tanto aut sesqui major,

    Cic. Or. 56, 188:

    altero tanto longior,

    Nep. Eum. 8, 5; so Dig. 28, 2, 13:

    numero tantum alterum adjecit,

    Liv. 1, 36; so id. 10, 46; Auct. B. Hisp. 30; Dig. 49, 14, 3 al.—
    f.
    Alteri totidem, as many more:

    de alteris totidem scribere incipiamus,

    Varr. L. L. 8, 24 Müll. —
    g.
    To mark the similarity of one object to another in qualities, etc., a second, another (as in English, a second father, my second self, and the like). So,
    (α).
    With a proper name, used as an appellative (cf. alius, II. G.):

    Verres, alter Orcus,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 50:

    alterum se Verrem putabat,

    id. ib. 5, 33 fin.:

    Hamilcar, Mars alter,

    Liv. 21, 10.—
    (β).
    With a com. noun:

    me sicut alterum parentem observat,

    Cic. Fam. 5, 8:

    altera patria,

    Flor. 2, 6, 42 al. —
    (γ).
    Alter ego, a second self, of very intimate friends (in the class. per. perh. only in Cic. Ep.; cf. ho hetairos, heteros egô, Clem. Al. 450):

    vide quam mihi persuaserim te me esse alterum,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 5:

    me alterum se fore dixit,

    id. Att. 4, 1:

    quoniam alterum me reliquissem,

    id. Fam. 2, 15; Aus. praef. 2, 15.—
    (δ).
    Alter idem, a second self, like heteroi hautoi, Arist. Eth. M. 8, 12, 3 (on account of the singularity of the expression, introduced by tamquam):

    amicus est tamquam alter idem,

    Cic. Lael. 21, 82.—
    3.
    The one of two, either of two, without a more precise designation, for alteruter:

    non uterque sed alter,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 43, 132:

    fortasse utrumque, alterum certe,

    id. Att. 11, 18:

    melius peribimus quam sine alteris vestrūm vivemus,

    Liv. 1, 13:

    nec rogarem, ut mea de vobis altera amica foret,

    Ov. A. A. 3, 520:

    ex duobus, quorum alterum petis, etc.,

    Plin. Ep. 1, 7, 3:

    ex duobus (quorum necesse est alterum verum), etc.,

    Quint. 5, 10, 69:

    ac si necesse est in alteram errare partem, maluerim etc.,

    id. 10, 1, 26; 1, 4, 24; 9, 3, 6 al.—Once also with a negative, neither of two: hos, tamquam medios, [p. 98] nec in alterius favorem inclinatos, miserat rex, Liv. 40, 20, 4.—
    II.
    Transf.
    A.
    Another of a class = alius (as opp. to one's self, to another); subst., another, a neighbor, a fellow-creature, ho pelas (so sometimes heteros, Xen. Cyr. 2, 3, 17); cf. Ochsn. Eclog. 90 and 458 (alter designates the similarity of two objects; alius a difference in the objects contrasted): SI. INIVRIAM. FAXIT. ALTERI., Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 20, 1:

    qui alterum incusat probri, eum ipsum se intueri oportet,

    Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 58; id. Am. prol. 84: mox dum alterius abligurias bona, quid censes dominis esse animi? Enn. ap. Don. ad Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 25:

    ut malis gaudeant atque ex incommodis Alterius sua ut comparent commoda,

    Ter. And. 4, 1, 3: qui alteris exitium paret, etc., Att. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 17, 39:

    qui nihil alterius causā facit et metitur suis commodis omnia,

    Cic. Leg. 1, 14:

    ut aeque quisque altero delectetur ac se ipso,

    id. Off. 1, 17, 56; 1, 2, 4:

    scientem in errorem alterum inducere,

    id. ib. 3, 13, 55 et saep.:

    cave ne portus occupet alter,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 32 Schmid.:

    nil obstet tibi, dum ne sit te ditior alter,

    id. S. 1, 1, 40; 1, 5, 33:

    canis parturiens cum rogāsset alteram, ut etc.,

    Phaedr. 1, 19:

    nec patientem sessoris alterius (equum) primus ascendit,

    Suet. Caes. 61; id. Tib. 58:

    in quo judicas alterum, te ipsum condemnas,

    Vulg. Rom. 2, 1:

    nemo quod suum est quaerat, sed quod alterius,

    ib. 1 Cor. 10, 24;

    14, 17: sic in semet ipso tantum gloriam habebit et non in altero,

    ib. Gal. 6, 4 al. —Hence, alter with a neg., or neg. question and comp., as an emphatic expression (mostly ante-class.; cf.

    alius, II. H.): scelestiorem nullum illuxere alterum,

    Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 22:

    scelestiorem in terrā nullam esse alteram,

    id. Cist. 4, 1, 8:

    qui me alter audacior est homo?

    id. Am. 1, 1, 1; id. Ep. 1, 1, 24.—
    B.
    The other, the opposite:

    alterius factionis principes,

    the leaders of the opposite party, Nep. Pelop. 1, 4 (cf. id. ib. 1, 2:

    adversariae factioni): studiosiorem partis alterius,

    Suet. Tib. 11. —
    C.
    In gen., different:

    quotiens te speculo videris alterum,

    Hor. C. 4, 10, 6: abeuntes post carnem alteram (Gr. heteros, q. v. L. and S. III.), Vulg. Jud. 7.—
    D.
    In the lang. of augury, euphem. for infaustus, unfavorable, unpropitious, Fest. p. 6 (v. L. and S. Gr. Lex. s. v. heteros, III. 2.).
    ► The gen.
    alterius commonly serves as gen. of alius instead of alīus, Cic. Fam. 15, 1, 1; id. Att. 1, 5, 1; 1, 20, 2; Caes. B. G. 1, 36, 1; Sall. C. 52, 8; Liv. 21, 13, 3; 22, 14, 4; 26, 8, 2; 28, 37, 6 al.; Col. 8, 17, 2; 11, 2, 87; 12, 22, 2; Sen. Ep. 72, 10; 102, 3; id. Ben. 4, 3, 1; id. Ot. Sap. 4, 1; id. Brev. Vit. 16, 2; id. Q. N. 2, 34, 1 al.; Quint. 7, 9, 8; 8, 3, 73 al.; Tac. A. 15, 25; id. H. 2, 90; Plin. Ep. 10, 114, 2; Suet. Caes. 61; id. Tib. 58 al.; Gell. 2, 28 al.—It also stands as correlative to alius:

    alius inter cenandum solutus est, alterius continuata mors somno est,

    Sen. Ep. 66, 39:

    cum inventum sit ex veris (gemmis) generis alterius in aliud falsas traducere,

    Plin. 37, 12, 75, § 197; Plin. Pan. 2, 6 (Neue, Formenl. II. p. 216).
    ► ‡ altĕras, adv.
    [alter], for alias, acc. to Paul. ex. Fest. p. 27 Müll.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > alteras

  • 20 armo

    armo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [arma].
    I.
    A.. Lit., to furnish with weapons, to arm, equip, aliquem or aliquem aliquā re:

    cum in pace multitudinem hominum coëgerit, armārit, instruxerit,

    Cic. Caecin. 12:

    milites armari jubet,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 28:

    ut quemque casus armaverat, sparos aut lanceas portabant,

    Sall. C. 56, 3:

    copias,

    id. J. 13, 2:

    agrestīsque manus armat sparus,

    Verg. A. 11, 682:

    quos e gente suorum armet,

    Ov. M. 14, 464; 12, 614: milites iis armis armare, Pomp. ap. Cic. Att. 8, 12:

    nunc tela, nunc saxa, quibus eos adfatim locus ipse armabat, etc.,

    Liv. 9, 35:

    se spoliis,

    Verg. A. 2, 395:

    manus ense,

    Val. Fl. 2, 182:

    aliquem facibus,

    Flor. 3, 12, 13:

    apes aculeis,

    Plin. 11, 28, 33, § 46; so,

    aliquid aliquā re: ferrum armare veneno,

    Verg. A. 9, 773:

    calamos veneno,

    id. ib. 10, 140:

    pontum vinclis,

    Manil. 5, 657 al. —Followed by in, contra, adversus:

    egentes in locupletes, perditi in bonos, servi in dominos armabantur,

    Cic. Planc. 35; id. Mil. 25; id. Att. 8, 3, 3:

    delecta juventus contra Milonis impetum armata est,

    id. Mil. 25; for adversus, v. infra. —That for which one is armed, with in or ad:

    unanimos armare in proelia fratres,

    Verg. A. 7, 335:

    armate viros ad pugnam,

    Vulg. Num. 31, 3.—
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    To arm, equip, furnish:

    temeritatem concitatae multitudinis auctoritate publicā armare,

    Cic. Mil. 1:

    cogitavit, quibus accusatorem rebus armaret,

    id. Clu. 67: te ad omnia summum ingenium armavit, Caecil. ap. Cic. Fam. 6, 7:

    Pompeium senatūs auctoritas, Caesarem militum armavit fiducia,

    Vell. 2, 49:

    ferae gentes non telis magis quam suo caelo, suo sidere armantur,

    Plin. Pan. 12, 3:

    sese eloquentiā,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 1:

    se imprudentiā alicujus,

    Nep. Dion, 8, 3:

    irā,

    Ov. M. 13, 544:

    eā cogitatione armamini,

    Vulg. 1 Pet. 4, 1:

    Archilochum proprio rabies armavit iambo,

    Hor. A. P. 79:

    nugis armatus,

    armed with nonsense, id. Ep. 1, 18, 16:

    armata dolis mens,

    Sil. 1, 183; cf. id. 11, 6; 15, 682.—
    2.
    To excite, stir up, rouse, provoke; constr. with adversus, ad or in:

    (Hannibal) regem armavit et exercuit adversus Romanos,

    Nep. Hann. 10, 1:

    aliquem ad omnia armare,

    Cic. Fam. 6, 7:

    Claudii sententia consules armabat in tribunos,

    Liv. 4, 6; so id. 3, 57:

    Quid vos in fata parentis Armat?

    Ov. M. 7, 347:

    mixtus dolor et pudor armat in hostes,

    Verg. A. 10, 398:

    in exitium rei publicae,

    Flor. 3, 12, 13; 4, 2, 1.—
    II.
    To furnish with something needful, esp. with the munitions of war, to fit out, equip:

    ea, quae sunt usui ad armandas naves, ex Hispaniā adportari jubet,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 1:

    muri propugnaculis armabantur,

    Liv. 30, 9: Claudius triremes quadriremesque [p. 164] et undeviginti hominum milia armavit, Tac. A. 12, 56.—Hence, armātus, a, um, P. a., armed, equipped, fitted with armor (opp. inermis, togatus, q. v.); also subst.: armātus, i, m., an armed man, a solier, = miles.
    A.
    Adj.
    1.
    Lit.:

    armatos, si Latine loqui volumus, quos appellare vere possumus? opinor eos, qui scutis telisque parati ornatique sunt,

    Cic. Caecin. 21, 60: cum animatus iero satis armatus sum, Att. ap. Non. p. 233, 18;

    p. 495, 23: armati pergemus,

    Vulg. Num. 32, 32; ib. Judith, 9, 6: ab dracontis stirpe armatā exortus, Att. ap. Non. p. 426, 2:

    armata manus,

    Lucr. 2, 629; so id. 2, 636; 2, 640; 5, 1297; cf. id. 5, 1292:

    saepe ipsa plebes armata a patribus secessit,

    Sall. C. 33, 4:

    contra injurias armatus ire,

    id. J. 31, 6:

    facibus armatus,

    Liv. 5, 7:

    armatus falce,

    Tib. 1, 4, 8:

    classes armatae,

    Verg. G. 1, 255:

    armatus cornu,

    Plin. 11, 37, 45, § 128.—
    2.
    Meton.:

    armati anni,

    i. e. years spent in war, Sil. 11, 591.— Trop.: excitati, erecti, armati animis, armed, furnished, etc., Cic. Phil. 7, 9, 26.—In the sup. only twice, and referring to the pos. armatus in connection with it ( comp. and adv. never used), Cic. Caecin. 21, 61 (v. the passage in its connection):

    tam tibi par sum quam multis armatissimis nudi aut leviter armati,

    Sen. Ben. 5, 4.—
    B.
    Subst.: gravidus armatis equus (sc. Trojanus), Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 2 (Trag. v. 97 Müll.): armatos educere, id. ap. Non. p. 355, 16:

    navem triremem armatis ornat,

    Nep. Dion, 9, 2:

    decem milia armatorum,

    id. Milt. 5, 1; so Vulg. Exod. 38, 25:

    armatis in litora expositis,

    Liv. 37, 28; 42, 51; 9, 24; Suet. Caes. 30.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > armo

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