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dos-à-dos

  • 1 dos

    dōs, ōtis ( gen. plur. dotium, Dig. 23, 3, 9, § 1 al.;

    dotum,

    Val. Max. 4, 4, 11; Tert. Cult. Fem. 2, 9), f. [1. do, like the Sicilian dôtinê, from didonai, Varr. L. L. 5, § 175 Müll.], a marriage portion, dowry (for syn. cf.: donum, largitio, munus, donatio, etc.).
    I.
    Prop., Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 209; id. Ep. 2, 1, 11 [p. 612] et saep.; Ter. And. 5, 4, 47; id. Heaut. 5, 1, 64 sq. al.; Cic. Caecin. 25 fin.; id. Fl. 35; id. Att. 14, 13, 5; Caes. B. G. 6, 19, 1; Hor. S. 1, 2, 131; id. Ep. 1, 6, 36 et saep.—Cf. on the legal regulations respecting the dos and the t. t. used in them (dotis datio, dictio, promissio, etc.), Cod. Just. 5, 12; Dig. 23, 3 tit.:

    De jure dotium,

    Just. Inst. 2, 7, 3; Cod. Just. 5, 15: De dote cauta, non numerata; id. 5, 11: De dotis promissione et nuda pollicitatione; Dig. 33, 4 tit.: De dote praelegata; ib. 37, 7: De dotis collatione; cf. Rein's Privatr. p. 194 sq. —
    II.
    Transf., a gift, endowment, talent, property, quality (freq. since the Aug. per.; cf.:

    indoles, ingenium, facultates, virtutes): (juris civilis) artem verborum dote locupletasti,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 55:

    vinearum (pedamenta, vimina),

    Col. 4, 30, 1; cf.

    praediorum,

    Dig. 33, 7, 2; ib. 20, § 3:

    magnae uvarum,

    Col. 3, 2, 17; cf.:

    omnis unionum,

    Plin. 9, 35, 56, § 112:

    mulsi,

    id. 22, 24, 50, § 108:

    aquatilium,

    id. 32, 11, 53, § 142:

    formae,

    Ov. M. 9, 717; cf.

    oris,

    id. ib. 5, 562:

    corporis,

    id. ib. 583:

    ingenii (opp. bona corporis),

    id. A. A. 2, 112; so Curt. 3, 6, 20:

    corporis,

    Sen. Vit. Beat. 8, 3:

    corporis animique dotes,

    Suet. Tit. 3; cf.:

    naturae fortunaeque,

    Plin. Ep. 3, 3, 4:

    omnes belli et togae,

    Vell. 1, 12, 3 et saep.: silvarum dotes, the delights, i. e. the chase, Grat. Cyn. 252:

    est quoque carminibus meritas celebrare puellas Dos mea,

    my gift, Ov. Am. 1, 10, 60:

    infelix perii dotibus ipse meis,

    id. Pont. 2, 7, 48:

    dos erat ille (sc. Phaon) loci,

    the ornament, id. H. 15, 146:

    teneritas in dote (est),

    is highly prized, Plin. 19, 8, 41, § 141.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > dos

  • 2 dōs

        dōs ōtis, f    [1 DA-], a marriage portion, dowry: dos est Decem talenta, T.: filiae nubili dotem conficere: uxorem cum dote pecunia donat, H.— Poet.: Pauperiem sine dote quaero, espouse, H. — Plur: quaesitae sanguine, V.— A gift, present, offering, endowment, talent, quality: artem verborum dote locupletasti: dotem, quam in civilibus malis acceperant: Coniugi, a wedding present, O.: Dos est magna parentium Virtus, H.: dotes ingenii, O.
    * * *
    dowry, dower; talent, quality

    Latin-English dictionary > dōs

  • 3 placeo

    plăcĕo, cŭi and cĭtus, cĭtum, 2, v. n. ( part. fut. pass.:

    dos placenda,

    Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 35; v. I. A. fin.) [cf. placo], to please, to be pleasing or agreeable, to be welcome, acceptable, to satisfy (class.).
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen.:

    ungor ut illi placeam,

    Plaut. Cas. 2, 3, 11:

    meo neque cara'st cordi neque placet,

    id. Ep. 1, 2, 30:

    si placeo, utere,

    Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 43:

    non placet Antonio consulatus meus: at placuit P. Servilio,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 5, 12; Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 34: et quae vobis placita est condicio, datur. id. Hec. 2, 1, 44:

    nec dubito, quin mihi (Erigona) placitura sit,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 4, § 13:

    exspecto quid illis placeat de epistolā ad Caesarem,

    id. Att. 13, 1:

    tibi Ne Enipeus Plus justo placeat,

    Hor. C. 3, 7, 24:

    dis, quibus septem placuere colles,

    id. C. S. 7; id. Ep. 1, 7, 45; 1, 17, 35:

    quid placet aut odio est,

    id. ib. 2, 1, 101:

    quod spiro et placeo (si placeo) tuum est,

    id. C. 4, 3, 24; Plin. 12, 7, 14, § 29:

    sibi non placere, quod (Aristides) cupide elaborasset, ut, etc.,

    Nep. Arist. 1, 4:

    quis gener hic placuit censu minor,

    Juv. 3, 160:

    Deo placere non possunt,

    Vulg. Rom. 8, 8.—As act.:

    si illa tibi placet, placenda dos quoque'st quam dat tibi,

    must be pleasing, Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 35.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    In scenic lang., of players or pieces presented, to please, find favor, give satisfaction:

    primo actu placeo, Ter. Hec. prol. alt. 31: cui scenico placenti,

    Suet. Ner. 42; id. Galb. 12; id. Vit. 11:

    populo ut placerent quas fecisset fabulas,

    Ter. And. prol. 3;

    id. Hec. prol. alt. 12: ubi (fabulae) sunt cognitae, Placitae sunt,

    id. ib. 13.—
    2.
    Placere sibi, to be pleased or satisfied with one's self, to flatter one's self, to pride or plume one's self:

    ego numquam mihi minus quam hesterno die placui,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 4, 15:

    nolo tibi tam valde placeas,

    Petr. 126; Plin. 35, 9, 36, § 63:

    tu tibi tunc curruca places,

    Juv. 6, 276:

    omnes competitores placebant sibi, omnes omnibus displicebant,

    Sid. Ep. 7, 9.—
    II.
    Transf.: placet mihi (tibi, etc.), or simply placet, it pleases me, it seems good, right, or proper to me; it is my opinion, I am of opinion, I hold, believe, intend, purpose; and in perf., placuit, or placitum est, it is decided, resolved, determined (mihi, nobis, etc., or absol.).
    A.
    In gen.
    (α).
    With dat.:

    ut ipsi auctori hujus disciplinae placet,

    Cic. Fin. 1, 9, 29:

    ut doctissimis sapientissimisque placuit,

    id. Div. 1, 49, 110:

    postea mihi placuit, ut summorum oratorum Graecas orationes explicarem,

    id. de Or. 1, 34, 155:

    ita nobis placitum est, ut, etc.,

    Auct. Her. 2, 1, 1:

    sic Justitiae placitumque Parcis,

    Hor. C. 2, 17, 16:

    si placitum hoc Superis,

    Val. Fl. 3, 296.—With subject-clause:

    duo placet esse Carneadi genera visorum,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 31, 99; id. Rep. 1, 38, 60:

    sic visum Veneri, cui placet impares Formas, etc., mittere,

    Hor. C. 1, 33, 10:

    quis paria esse fere placuit peccata, laborant, Cum, etc.,

    id. S. 1, 3, 96.—
    (β).
    Without dat., Cic. Rep. 1, 46, 70:

    sed, si placet, in hunc diem hactenus,

    id. ib. 2, 44, 71; id. Sest. 51:

    placitum est, ut in aprico maxime pratuli loco considerent,

    id. Rep. 1, 12, 18.—With neutr. pron. as subj.:

    hocine placet?

    Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 16.—With subj.:

    placuit ad hunc primum ferremus aditum,

    App. M. 4, 9.—With subject-clause:

    placet enim esse quiddam in re publicā praestans et regale, etc.,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 45, 69; 1, 36, 56:

    si enim pecunias aequari non placet,

    id. ib. 1, 32, 49:

    hos corripi placitum,

    Tac. A. 4, 19; 6, 7; Hor. S. 1, 3, 96.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    In publicists' lang., to resolve, will, order, determine:

    senatui placere, ut C. Pansa, etc.,

    Cic. Phil. 14, 14, 38:

    senatui placere, C. Cassium, etc.,

    id. ib. 11, 12, 30:

    deliberatur de Avarico in communi concilio, incendi placeret an defendi,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 15:

    quamobrem placitum est mihi, ut, etc.,

    Cic. Att. 8, 12, A, §

    4: edixit, mulieres ante horam quintam venire in theatrum non placere,

    Suet. Aug. 44 fin.; cf.:

    quid placeat, die,

    your decision, Juv. 10, 338.—
    2.
    Si dis placet, please the gods; and in eccl. writers:

    Deo placere,

    Vulg. Num. 23, 27; v. deus.— Hence, *
    A.
    plăcens, entis, P. a., pleasing, charming, dear:

    expetendum esse quod non placens sit,

    Cic. Fin. 3, 8:

    placens uxor,

    Hor. C. 2, 14, 21.— Acceptable:

    hostia placens Deo,

    Vulg. Phil. 4, 18:

    sibi placentes,

    self-willed, id. 2 Pet. 2, 10.—
    B.
    plăcĭtus, a, um, P. a., pleasing, agreeable, acceptable (mostly poet.):

    placita es simplicitate tuā,

    you are pleasing, you please, Ov. Am. 2, 4, 18:

    oliva,

    Verg. G. 2, 425:

    amor,

    id. A. 4, 38:

    bona,

    Ov. H. 17, 98:

    in locum ambobus placitum exercitus conveniunt,

    Sall. J. 81, 1:

    artes,

    Tac. A. 2, 66:

    exemplum,

    id. ib. 4, 37:

    eum (regem creari) quasi placitissimum diis. qui, etc.,

    Just. 18. 3. 9 (the reading acceptissimum is a later emendation).— Abl. absol.: sic placito ocius surrexit. App. M. 2, 24:

    placiti dies,

    appointed days, Vulg. 1 Reg. 13, 11.—
    2.
    Subst.: plăcĭtum, i, n.
    a.
    Prop., that which is pleasing or agreeable:

    ultra placitum laudare,

    more than is agreeable, Verg. E. 7, 27.—
    b.
    Transf.
    (α).
    An opinion, sentiment (post-Aug.):

    Catonis placita de olivis,

    Plin. 15, 5, 6, § 20.—
    (β).
    A determination, prescription, order:

    medicorum placita,

    Plin. 14, 22, 28, § 143.—
    (γ).
    A maxim, principle:

    ipse (Rubellius) placita majorum colebat,

    Tac. A. 14, 22:

    sapientium placita,

    id. ib. 16, 19:

    Stoicorum,

    id. H. 3, 81:

    philosophorum,

    id. Or. 19:

    nec est quare hoc inter nostra placita mireris,

    Sen. Ep. 66, 45:

    decreta, quae Graeci vocant dogmata, nobis vel decreta licet adpellare vel scita vel placita,

    Sen. Ep. 95, 10: philosophiae placita, id. ib. §

    37: Babyloniorum,

    Plin. 2, 79, 81, § 191; Col. 9, 2, 1.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > placeo

  • 4 recepticius

    rĕceptīcĭus or - tĭus, a, um, adj. [recipio, I. A. 2.], kept back, retained, reserved: servus, one whom the wife, at the delivery of the dos, retains as her own exclusive property, Cato ap. Gell. 17, 6, 5 sqq.:

    dos, quam quis in mortem mulieris a marito stipulatur,

    Dig. 39, 6, 31, § 2; cf. Ulp. Fragm. 6, 5:

    actio,

    a complaint to secure the payment of a debt from a surety, Cod. Just. 4, 18, 2.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > recepticius

  • 5 receptitius

    rĕceptīcĭus or - tĭus, a, um, adj. [recipio, I. A. 2.], kept back, retained, reserved: servus, one whom the wife, at the delivery of the dos, retains as her own exclusive property, Cato ap. Gell. 17, 6, 5 sqq.:

    dos, quam quis in mortem mulieris a marito stipulatur,

    Dig. 39, 6, 31, § 2; cf. Ulp. Fragm. 6, 5:

    actio,

    a complaint to secure the payment of a debt from a surety, Cod. Just. 4, 18, 2.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > receptitius

  • 6 accipiō

        accipiō cēpī, ceptus, ere    [ad+capio], to take without effort, receive, get, accept. — Of voluntary taking, to take, accept, take into possession, receive: obsides, Cs.: divitias, N.: aliquid a patre, inherit, N.: suspitio acceptae pecuniae ob rem iudicandam (of a bribe): pecuniam per Volcatium, by the hands of: alqm gremio, V.: milites urbe tectisve, L.: sucos ore aut volnere, O. — Fig.: oculis aut pectore noctem, V.—To admit, let in: armatos in arcem, L.: alqm in amicitiam: (parentes) in civitatem, to citizenship, L.— To take under protection: (virginem) accepi, acceptam servabo, T.: taedā accepta iugali, i. e. wedded, O.—To receive as a guest, entertain, welcome: Laurentes nymphae, accipite Aenean, V.: quam Delos orantem accepit, O.: (eum) in vestram fidem, into your confidence.— Ironically, to entertain, deal with, treat: indignis modis, T.: quo te modo accepissem, nisi iratus essem: eum male acceptum... coegit, etc. (of a defeated enemy), N.—In busines, to collect (money): a praetore pecuniam. — acceptus, P., received, collected: accepta pecunia. — Esp. in the phrase, referre acceptum (alqd), to credit, give credit for: amplius sestertium ducentiens acceptum hereditatibus rettuli, entered to the credit of inheritance, i. e. owe to bequests: alcui vitam suam referre acceptam, acknowledge that he owes his life, etc.: salutem imperi uni omnes acceptam relaturos, Cs. — In law: sponsionem acceptam facere, to discharge the bond, acknowledge payment of the sponsio.—Of involuntary taking, to receive, get, be the recipient of, take, submit to, suffer, bear: volnera tergo, V.: graviore volnere accepto, Cs.: cum semel accepit solem (leo), has felt the power of, H.: hunc metum, i. e. take this risk, T.: contumeliam, T. — Esp. of places, to admit, take in, receive, open to: Strophadum me litora primum Accipiunt, V.: nullae eum urbes accipiunt, nulla moenia, L.: illum unda accipit sinu vasto, V. — Fig., of perception and thought: quae accepi auribus, T.: mandata auribus: quem ipse accepi oculis animoque sensum, hunc, etc., the impression I received.—In gen., to take, hear, attend to, perceive, understand, learn: Accipe nunc Danaum insidias, listen to, V.: sicut ego accepi, as I have heard, S.: ut accepi a senibus: accipite... veterem orationem Archytae: quae postea acciderant, Cs.: reliquos ne famā quidem acceperunt, have not heard of them, Cs.: si te aequo animo ferre accipiet, T.: hoc sic fieri solere accepimus: ex parente ita accepi, munditias mulieribus convenire, S.: ut celeriter acciperet quae tradebantur, understood, N.— Absol: non recte accipis, T.: volenti animo de ambobus acceperant, had eagerly welcomed news of both, S.—In partic., of a word or pledge, take: accipe daque fidem, i. e. exchange solemn assurances, V.—Praegn., to take, interpret, explain: ad contumeliam omnia, to regard as an insult, T.: his in maius acceptis, being exaggerated, L.: hoc in bonam partem, take kindly: alqd durius: facinus severe accipere, with displeasure: aliter tuom amorem atque est, T.: aequo animo, S. — Accipere aliquid in omen, to regard a thing as an omen, accept the omen: id a plerisque in omen magni terroris acceptum, L.; but accipere omen, to receive as a ( favorable) omen, L.—With ellips. of omen: Accipio, adgnoscoque deos, I accept ( the omen) and, etc., V.—To accept, be satisfied with, approve: dos, Pamphile, est decem talenta. Pam. Accipio, T.: ‘equi te esse feri similem, dico.’ Ridemus et ipse Messius, ‘accipio,’ I allow it, exactly so, H.: ab hoste armato condicionem, Cs.— To take upon one, undertake, assume, undergo: bellum, quod novus imperator noster accipiat, in which... succeeds to the command: causam: eos (magistratūs): iudicium (of the defendant), stand the trial: iudicium accipere pro Quinctio, i. e. agree for Q. to stand trial.
    * * *
    accipere, accepi, acceptus V TRANS
    take, grasp, receive, accept, undertake; admit, let in, hear, learn; obey

    Latin-English dictionary > accipiō

  • 7 coniugium

        coniugium ī n    [com- + IV-].—Prop., a connection, union; hence, marriage, wedlock: Tulliae: liberale, T.: coniugii dos, O.—Of animals, V.— A husband, V., Pr.— A wife, V.

    Latin-English dictionary > coniugium

  • 8 con-locō (coll-)

        con-locō (coll-) āvī, ātus, āre,    to set right, arrange, station, lay, put, place, set, set up, erect: sine tumultu praesidiis conlocatis, S.: rebus conlocandis tempus dare, Cs.: lecticae conlocabantur: sedes ac domicilium: chlamydem, ut pendeat apte, O.: eam in lectulo, T.: in navi: Herculem in concilio caelestium: in his locis legionem, Cs.: insidiatorem in foro: iuvenem in latebris, V.: tabulas in bono lumine: supremo In monte saxum, H.: signa in subsidio artius, S.: colonos Capuae: se Athenis, settle: oculos pennis, O.: ibi praesidium. Cs.: exercitum in provinciam, S.: comites apud hospites, to quarter: ante suum fundum insidias: castra contra populum R.: cohortīs advorsum pedites, S.: inter mulieres filium.—To give in marriage: Quocum gnatam, T.: alicui filiam, N.: filiam in familiā: propinquas suas nuptum in alias civitates, Cs.—Of money or capital, to lay out, invest, advance, place, employ: in eā provinciā pecunias: ut in eo fundo dos conlocaretur: patrimonium suum in rei p. salute. — Fig., to place, set, station, dispose, order, arrange, occupy, employ, put: aedilitas recte collocata: ut rebus conlocandis tempus daretur, Cs.: verba conlocata, i. e. to arrange in sentences: res in tuto ut conlocetur, T.: sese in meretriciā vitā, employ: in animis vestris triumphos meos: adulescentiam suam in amore, spend: alqm ad Pompeium interimendum: senatum rei p. custodem. — To invest, store: apud istum tam multa pretia ac munera: (ut pecunia) sic gloria et quaerenda et conlocanda ratione est.

    Latin-English dictionary > con-locō (coll-)

  • 9 dōtālis

        dōtālis e, adj.    [dos], of a dowry, given as a portion, dotal: praedia: regia, V.: agri, H.
    * * *
    dotalis, dotale ADJ
    forming part of a dowry; relating to a dowry

    Latin-English dictionary > dōtālis

  • 10 dōtō

        dōtō āvī, ātus, āre    [dos], to endow, portion: sanguine Troiano dotabere, V.: funeribus, O.
    * * *
    dotare, dotavi, dotatus V
    provide with a dowry, endow

    Latin-English dictionary > dōtō

  • 11 moveō

        moveō mōvī, mōtus, ēre    [1 MV-], to move, stir, set in motion, shake, disturb, remove: tanti oneris turrim, Cs.: matrona moveri iussa, to dance, H.: moveri Cyclopa, represent by action, H.: membra ad modos, Tb.: fila sonantia movit, struck, O.: moveri sedibus huic urbi melius est: loco motus cessit, driven back, Cs.: move ocius te, bestir thyself, T.: neque se in ullam partem, attach, Cs.: se ex eo loco, stir from the spot, L.: caput, i. e. threaten with, H.: castra ex eo loco, break up, Cs.: hostem statu, dislodge, L.: heredes, eject: tribu centurionem, expel: signiferos loco, degrade, Cs.: Omne movet urna nomen, H.: senatorio loco, degrade, L.: Verba loco, cancel, H.: consulem de sententiā, dissuade, L.: litteram, to take away: movet arma leo, gives battle, V.: quo sidere moto, at the rising of, O.—Prov.: omnīs terras, omnia maria movere, move heaven and earth (of great exertions).—Of the soil, to stir, plough, break up, open: iugera, V.: mota terra, O.— To disturb, violate: triste bidental, H.: Dianae non movenda numina, inviolable, H.— To remove oneself, betake oneself, move, be moved, be stirred (sc. se): terra dies duodequadraginta movit, there was an earthquake, L.: movisse a Samo Romanos audivit, L.: voluptas movens, i. e. in motion.—To excite, occasion, cause, promote, produce, begin, commence, undertake: fletum populo: mihi admirationem: indignationem, L.: suspicionem: iam pugna se moverat, was going on, Cu.: cantūs, V.: mentionem rei, make mention, L.: priusquam movere ac moliri quicquam posset, make any disturbance, L. — To shake, cause to waver, alter, change: meam sententiam.— To disturb, concern, trouble, torment: moveat cimex Pantilius? H.: voltum movetur, changes countenance, V.: vis aestūs omnium ferme corpora movit, L.: venenum praecordia movit, O.: strepitu fora, Iu.— To stir, produce, put forth: de palmite gemma movetur, O.— To exert, exercise: movisse numen ad alqd deos, L.: artis opem, O. — To change, transform: quorum Forma semel mota est, O.: nihil motum ex antiquo, i. e. change in traditional custom, L.—Fig., to move, influence, affect, excite, inspire: nil nos dos movet, T.: beneficiis moveri, Cs.: moveri civitas coepit, S.: ut pulcritudo corporis movet oculos et delectat, charms: animos ad bellum, instigate, L.: feroci iuveni animum, stir, L.: Vestrā motus prece, H.: moverat plebem oratio consulis, had stirred, L.: absiste moveri, be not disturbed, V.: ut captatori moveat fastidia, excites nausea in, Iu.— To revolve, meditate, ponder: Multa movens animo, V.
    * * *
    movere, movi, motus V
    move, stir, agitate, affect, provoke, disturb;

    Latin-English dictionary > moveō

  • 12 numerātus

        numerātus adj.    [P. of numero], counted out, paid down, in ready money, in cash: dos uxoris numerata.—As subst n., ready money, cash: nam numeratum non erat: extra numeratum duodecim milia pondo argenti, besides coin, L.

    Latin-English dictionary > numerātus

  • 13 uxōrius

        uxōrius adj.    [uxor], of a wife, of a married woman: in arbitrio rei uxoriae: abhorrens ab re uxoriā, i. e. averse to marriage, T.: dos, O.— Devoted to a wife, ruled by a wife, uxorious: pulcramqus uxorius urbem Exstruis, V.: amnis (Tiberis), H.
    * * *
    uxoria, uxorium ADJ
    of or belonging to a wife; excessively fond of one's wife

    Latin-English dictionary > uxōrius

  • 14 A

    1.
    A, a, indecl. n. (sometimes joined with littera), the first letter of the Latin alphabet, corresponding to the a, a of the other Indo-. European languages:

    A primum est: hinc incipiam, et quae nomina ab hoc sunt, Lucil. ap. Terent. Scaur. p. 2255 P.: sus rostro si humi A litteram impresserit,

    Cic. Div. 1, 13, 23:

    ne in A quidem atque S litteras exire temere masculina Graeca nomina recto casu patiebantur,

    Quint. 1, 5, 61.
    II.
    The sound of the A is short or long in every part of the word; as, ăb, păter, ită; ā, māter, frustrā. During a short period (between about 620 and 670 A. U. C. = from 134 to 84 B.C.) long a was written aa, probably first by the poet L. Attius, in the manner of the Oscan language; so we find in Latin inscriptions: AA. CETEREIS (i.e.a ceteris), CALAASI, FAATO, HAACE, MAARCIVM, PAAPVS, PAASTORES, VAARVS; and in Greek writing, MAAPKOPs PsIOS MAAPKEAAOS, KOINTON MAAPKION (like Osc. aasas = Lat. āra, Osc. Paapi = Lat. Pāpius, Osc. Paakul = Lat. Pāculus, Pācullus, Pācuvius, etc.), v. Ritschl, Monum. Epigr. p. 28 sq., and cf. Mommsen, Unterital. Dialekte, p. 210 sq. (The Umbrian language has gone a step farther, and written long a by aha, as Aharna, Naharcom, trahaf, etc.; cf. Aufrecht and Kirchhoff, Umbrische Sprachdenkm. p. 76 sq.) Vid. also the letters E and U.
    III.
    In etymological and grammatical formation of words, short a very often (sometimes also long a) is changed into other vowels.
    A.
    Short a is changed,
    1.
    , into long a —
    a.
    In consequence of the suppression of the following consonants at the end or in the middle of the word: ŭb, ā; vădis, vūs; ăg-, ăg-men, exāmen; tăg-, contūmino; căd-, cāsus. Hence also in the abl. sing. of the first decl., and in the particles derived from it. in consequence of the suppression of the original ablat. end. - d: PRAEDAD (Col. Rostr.), praedā; SENTENTIAD (S. C. de Bacch.), sententiā; EXTBAD (ib.), extrā; SVPRAD (ib.), suprā. —Hence,
    b.
    In perfect forms: scăb-o, scābi; căveo, cūvi; făv-eo, fāvi; păv-eo, pāvi (for scăbui, căvui, făvui, păvui).
    c.
    In other forms: ăgo, ambūges; păc-, păc-iscor, pâcis (pâx); săg-ax, sūgus, sāga; măc-er, mâcero; făg- (phagein), fūgus. (Contrary to analogy, ă remains short in dănunt, from dă-in-unt, V. Ritschl, l.l.p. 17.)
    2.
    Short a is changed into é or ē—
    a.
    Into é.
    (α).
    Most frequently in the second part of compounds, particularly before two consonants: facio, confectus; jacio, conjectus; rapio, dereptus; dăm-, damno, condemno; fāl-, fallo, fefelli; măn-, mando, commendo; scando, ascendo; ăp-, aptus, ineptus; ăr-, ars, iners, sollers; ăn-, annus, perennis; căpio, auceps; căput, triceps; ăgo, remex; jăcio, objex. And thus in Plautus, according to the best MSS., dispenno, dispessus from pando, compectus from compăciscor, anteceptus from capio (on the other hand, in Vergil, according to the best MS., aspurgo, attractare, deiractare, kept their a unchanged).
    (β).
    Sometimes ă is changed into ĕ also before one consonant (but in this case it is usually changed into ĭ; v. infra, 3. a. a.): grădior, ingrĕdior; pătior, perpĕtior; părio, repĕrio; păro, vitupĕro; ăp-, coepi (i. e. co-ŭpi); căno, tubicĕn, tibicĕn; in the reduplicated carcĕr (from carcar) farfŏrus (written also farfārus); and so, according to the better MSS., aequipĕro from păro, and defĕtigo from fătigo.
    (γ).
    In words taken from the Greek: talanton, talŏntum; phalara, phalŏrae; sisaron, sisŏr (but, according to the best MSS., cumŭra from kamara, not camŏra).
    b.
    Short a is changed to ē in some perfect forms: ăgo, ēgi; fūcio, féci; jăci, jĕci; frag-, frango, frēgi; căpio, cēpi, and păg-, pango, pēgi (together with pepĭgi and panxi, v. pango).
    3.
    Short a is changed to ĭ, a (most frequently in the second part of compounds)
    (α).
    before one consonant: ăgo, abĭgo; făcio, confĭcio; cădo, concĭdo; sălio, assĭlio; răpio, abrĭpio; păter, Juppĭter (in Umbrian lang. unchanged, Jupater), Marspĭter; Diespĭter, Opĭter; rătus, irrĭtus; ămicus, inìmicus (but ŭ remains unchanged in adŭmo, impătiens, and in some compounds of a later period of Roman literature, as praejacio, calefacio, etc.). —
    (β).
    Sometimes also before two consonants (where it is usually changed into ĕ; v. supra, 2. a. b.): tăg-, tango, contingo; păg-, pango, compingo (unchanged in some compounds, as peragro, desacro, depango, obcanto, etc.).
    b.
    ă is changed into ĭ in the reduplicated perfect forms: cădo, cecĭdi; căno, cecĭni; tăg-, tango, tetĭgi; păg-, pango, pepĭgi.
    c.
    Likewise in some roots which have ă: păg-, pignus; străg- (strangulo, strangô), stringo.
    d.
    In words taken from the Greek: mêchanê, machĭna; patanê, patĭna; bukanê, bucĭna; trutanê, trutĭna; balaneion, balĭneum; Katana, Catĭna (written also Catana); Akragas, Agrĭgentum.
    4.
    Short a is changed into short or long o.
    a.
    Into ŏ: scăbo, scobs; păr, pars, portio; dăm-, dŏmo; Fabii, Fŏvii (v. Paul. ex Fest. p. 87); marmaron, marmŏr; Mars, redupl. Marmar, Marmor (Carm. Fratr. Arv.).
    b.
    Into ō: dă-, dōnum, dōs; ăc-, ăcuo, ōcior (v. this art.).
    5.
    Short a is changed into ŭ —
    a.
    In the second part of compounds, particularly before l, p, and b: calco, inculco; salsus, insulsus; salto, exsulto; capio, occŭpo; răpio, surrupio and surruptus (also written surripio and surreptus); tăberna, contŭbernium; —before other consonants: quătio, conoŭtio; as, decussis; Mars, Mamŭrius, Mamŭralia; and once also condumnari (Tab. Bant. lin. 8, immediately followed by condemnatus, v. Klenze, Philol. Abhandl. tab. I., and Mommsen, Unterital. Dial. p. 149).
    b.
    In words of Greek origin: Hekabê, Hecŭba; skutalê, scutŭla; kraipalê, crapŭla; passalos, pessŭlus; aphlaston, aplustre; thriambos, triumphus.
    c.
    ă is perhaps changed into ŭ in ulciscor, compared with alc-, ulexô (arc-, arceo).
    B.
    Long a is sometimes changed into ē or ō.
    1.
    Into é: hālo, anhélo; fās-, féstus, profēstus; nām, némpe.
    2.
    Into ō: gnā-, gnārus, ignārus, ignōro. (But in general long a remains unchanged in composition: lābor, delūbor; gnàvus, ignūnus; fàma, infūmis.)
    IV.
    Contrary to the mode of changing Greek a into Latin e, i, o, u (v. supra), Latin a has sometimes taken the place of other Greek vowels in words borrowed from the Greek, as: lonchê, lancea; kulix, călix; Ganumêoês, Caiāmitus.
    V.
    The repugnance of the Latin Language to the Greek combined vowels ao has caused the translocation of them in Alumento for Daomeoôn (Paul. ex Fest. p. 18 Müll.).— Greek a is suppressed in Hercules from Hêraklês (probably in consequence of the inserted u; in late Latin we find Heracla and Heracula, cf. Ritschl, in Rhein. Mus. Neue Folge, vol. 12, p. 108).
    VI.
    Latin ă was early combined with the vowels i and u, forming the diphthongs ai and au; by changing the i into e, the diphthong ai soon became ae. So we find in the oldest inscriptions: AIDE, AIDLLIS, AIQVOM, GNAIVOD, HAICE, DVELONAI, TABELAI, DATAI, etc., which soon gave place to aedem, aedilis, aequom, Gnaeo, haec, Bellonae, tabellae, datae, etc. (the Col. Rostr. has PRAESENTE, PRAEDAD, and the S. C. de Bacch. AEDEM. The triphthong aei, found in CONQVAEISIVEI (?), is very rare; Miliar. Popil. lin. 11, v. Ritschl, l. l. p. 21). In some poets the old gen. sing. of the first decl. (- ai) is preserved, but is dissyllabic, āī. So in Ennius: Albūī Longūī, terrūī frugiferāī, frondosāī, lunāī, viāī; in Vergil: aulāī, aurāī, aquāī, pictāī; in Ausonius: herāī.
    B.
    ue as well as au are changed into other vowels.
    1.
    The sound of ae, e, and oe being very similar, these vowels are often interchanged in the best MSS., So we find caerimonia and cerimonia, caepa and cēpa, saeoulum and séculum; scaena and scēna; caelum and coelum, haedus and hoedus, macstus and moestus; cena, coena, and caena, etc.
    2.
    In composition and reduplications ae becomes í: aequus, iníquus; quaero, inquíro; laedo, illído; taedet, pertisum (noticed by Cic.); aestumo, exístumo; cuedo, cecídi, concído, homicida.
    3.
    ae is also changed into í in a Latinized word of Greek origin: Achaios (AchaiWos), Achíous.
    4.
    The diphthong au is often changed to ó and ú (the latter particularly in compounds): caudex, códex; Claudius, Clodius; lautus, lotus; plaustrum, plōstrum; plaudo, plōdo, explōdo; paululum, pōlulum; faux, suffōco; si audes (acc. to Cic. or acc. to others, si audies), sódes, etc.; claudo, inclūdo; causa, accūso. Hence in some words a regular gradation of au, o, u is found: claudo, clōdicare, clúdo; raudus, ródus, rúdus; caupo, cópa, cūpa; naugae, nōgae (both forms in the MSS. of Plautus), nūgae; fraustra, frode, frude (in MSS. of Vergil); cf. Ritschl, in Wintercatalog 1854-55, and O. Ribbeck, in Jahn's Neue Jahrb. vol. 77, p. 181 sq.—The change of au into oē and ō appears only in audio, (oboedio) obēdio.
    5.
    Au sometimes takes the place of av-: faveo, fautum, favitor, fautor; navis, navita, nauta; avis, auceps, auspex. So Latin aut corresponds to Sanscr. avo. (whence - vā, Lat. - ve), Osc. avti, Umbr. ute, ote; and so the Lat. preposition ab, through av, becomes au in the words aufero and aufugio (prop. av-fero, av-fugio, for ab-fero, ab-fugio). Vid. the art. ab init.
    VII.
    In primitive roots, which have their kindred forms in the sister-languages of the Latin, the original a, still found in the Sanscrit, is in Latin either preserved or more frequently changed into other vowels.
    A.
    Original a preserved: Sanscr. mātri, Lat. màter; S. bhrātri, L. fràter; S. nāsā, L. nàsus and nàris; S. ap, L. aqua; S. apa, L. ab; S. nāma, L. năm; S. ćatur, [p. 2] L. quattuor (in Greek changed: thettares); S. capūla, L. căput (in Greek changed: kephalê, etc.).
    B.
    Original a is changed into other Latin vowels—
    1.
    Into e: S. ad, L. ed (ĕdo); S. as, L. es (esse); S. pat, L. pet (peto); S. pād, L. pĕd (pès); S. dant, L. dent (dens); S. ǵan, L. gen (gigno); S. mā, L. mè-tior; S. saptan, L. septem; S. daśan, L. decem; S. śata, L. centum; S. aham, L. ŏgo; S. pāra, L. per; S. paśu, L. pŏcus; S. asva, L. ŏquus, etc.
    2.
    Into i: S. an-, a- (neg. part.), L. in-: S. ana (prep.), L. in; S. antar, L. inter; S. sama, L. similis; S. agni, L. ignis; S. abhra, L. imber; S. panéa, L. quinque, etc.
    3.
    Into o: S. avi, L. ŏvi (ovis); S. vać, L. vōc (voco); S. pra, L. pro; S. pā, L. po (pŏtum); S. nāma, L. nōmen; S. api, L. ŏb; S. navan, L. nŏvem; S. nava, L. nŏvus, etc.
    4.
    Into u: S. marmara, L. murmur.
    5.
    Into ai, ae: S. prati, L. (prai) prae; S. śaśpa, L. caespes.
    6.
    Into different vowels in the different derivatives: S. mā, L. mê-tior, mŏdus; S. praó, L. prŏcor, prŏcus; S. vah, L. vĕho, via.
    C.
    Sometimes the Latin has preserved the original a, while even the Sanscrit has changed it: Lat. pa-, pater, Sanscr. pd, pitri.
    2.
    As an abbreviation A. usually denotes the praenomen Aulus; A. A. = Auli duo, Inscr. Orell. 1530 (but A. A. = Aquae Aponi, the modern Abano, ib. 1643 sq.; 2620; 3011). The three directors of the mint were designated by III. VIRI A. A. A. F. F. (i. e. auro, argento, aeri flando, feriundo), ib. 569; 2242; 2379; 3134 al.;

    so also A. A. A.,

    ib. 3441 (cf. Cic. Fam. 7, 13 fin., and v. the art. Triumviri); A. D. A. agris dandis adsignandis, and A. I. A. agris judicandis adsignandis; A. O. amico optimo; A. P. a populo or aediliciae potestatis; A. P. R. aerario populi Romani. —Upon the voting tablets in judicial trials A. denoted absoluo; hence A. is called littera salutaris, Cic. Mil. 6, 15; v. littera. In the Roman Comitia A. (= antiquo) denoted the rejection of the point in question; v. antiquo. In Cicero's Tusculan Disputations the A. designated one of the disputants = adulescens or auditor, opp. to M. for magister or Marcus (Cicero); but it is to be remarked that the letters A and M do not occur in the best MSS. of this treatise; cf. edd. ad Cic. Tusc. 1, 5, 9.—In dates A. D. = ante diem; v. ante; A. U. C. = anno urbis conditae; A. P. R. C. anno post Romam conditam.
    3.
    a, prep.=ab, v. ab.
    4.
    ā, interj.=ah, v. ah.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > A

  • 15 a

    1.
    A, a, indecl. n. (sometimes joined with littera), the first letter of the Latin alphabet, corresponding to the a, a of the other Indo-. European languages:

    A primum est: hinc incipiam, et quae nomina ab hoc sunt, Lucil. ap. Terent. Scaur. p. 2255 P.: sus rostro si humi A litteram impresserit,

    Cic. Div. 1, 13, 23:

    ne in A quidem atque S litteras exire temere masculina Graeca nomina recto casu patiebantur,

    Quint. 1, 5, 61.
    II.
    The sound of the A is short or long in every part of the word; as, ăb, păter, ită; ā, māter, frustrā. During a short period (between about 620 and 670 A. U. C. = from 134 to 84 B.C.) long a was written aa, probably first by the poet L. Attius, in the manner of the Oscan language; so we find in Latin inscriptions: AA. CETEREIS (i.e.a ceteris), CALAASI, FAATO, HAACE, MAARCIVM, PAAPVS, PAASTORES, VAARVS; and in Greek writing, MAAPKOPs PsIOS MAAPKEAAOS, KOINTON MAAPKION (like Osc. aasas = Lat. āra, Osc. Paapi = Lat. Pāpius, Osc. Paakul = Lat. Pāculus, Pācullus, Pācuvius, etc.), v. Ritschl, Monum. Epigr. p. 28 sq., and cf. Mommsen, Unterital. Dialekte, p. 210 sq. (The Umbrian language has gone a step farther, and written long a by aha, as Aharna, Naharcom, trahaf, etc.; cf. Aufrecht and Kirchhoff, Umbrische Sprachdenkm. p. 76 sq.) Vid. also the letters E and U.
    III.
    In etymological and grammatical formation of words, short a very often (sometimes also long a) is changed into other vowels.
    A.
    Short a is changed,
    1.
    , into long a —
    a.
    In consequence of the suppression of the following consonants at the end or in the middle of the word: ŭb, ā; vădis, vūs; ăg-, ăg-men, exāmen; tăg-, contūmino; căd-, cāsus. Hence also in the abl. sing. of the first decl., and in the particles derived from it. in consequence of the suppression of the original ablat. end. - d: PRAEDAD (Col. Rostr.), praedā; SENTENTIAD (S. C. de Bacch.), sententiā; EXTBAD (ib.), extrā; SVPRAD (ib.), suprā. —Hence,
    b.
    In perfect forms: scăb-o, scābi; căveo, cūvi; făv-eo, fāvi; păv-eo, pāvi (for scăbui, căvui, făvui, păvui).
    c.
    In other forms: ăgo, ambūges; păc-, păc-iscor, pâcis (pâx); săg-ax, sūgus, sāga; măc-er, mâcero; făg- (phagein), fūgus. (Contrary to analogy, ă remains short in dănunt, from dă-in-unt, V. Ritschl, l.l.p. 17.)
    2.
    Short a is changed into é or ē—
    a.
    Into é.
    (α).
    Most frequently in the second part of compounds, particularly before two consonants: facio, confectus; jacio, conjectus; rapio, dereptus; dăm-, damno, condemno; fāl-, fallo, fefelli; măn-, mando, commendo; scando, ascendo; ăp-, aptus, ineptus; ăr-, ars, iners, sollers; ăn-, annus, perennis; căpio, auceps; căput, triceps; ăgo, remex; jăcio, objex. And thus in Plautus, according to the best MSS., dispenno, dispessus from pando, compectus from compăciscor, anteceptus from capio (on the other hand, in Vergil, according to the best MS., aspurgo, attractare, deiractare, kept their a unchanged).
    (β).
    Sometimes ă is changed into ĕ also before one consonant (but in this case it is usually changed into ĭ; v. infra, 3. a. a.): grădior, ingrĕdior; pătior, perpĕtior; părio, repĕrio; păro, vitupĕro; ăp-, coepi (i. e. co-ŭpi); căno, tubicĕn, tibicĕn; in the reduplicated carcĕr (from carcar) farfŏrus (written also farfārus); and so, according to the better MSS., aequipĕro from păro, and defĕtigo from fătigo.
    (γ).
    In words taken from the Greek: talanton, talŏntum; phalara, phalŏrae; sisaron, sisŏr (but, according to the best MSS., cumŭra from kamara, not camŏra).
    b.
    Short a is changed to ē in some perfect forms: ăgo, ēgi; fūcio, féci; jăci, jĕci; frag-, frango, frēgi; căpio, cēpi, and păg-, pango, pēgi (together with pepĭgi and panxi, v. pango).
    3.
    Short a is changed to ĭ, a (most frequently in the second part of compounds)
    (α).
    before one consonant: ăgo, abĭgo; făcio, confĭcio; cădo, concĭdo; sălio, assĭlio; răpio, abrĭpio; păter, Juppĭter (in Umbrian lang. unchanged, Jupater), Marspĭter; Diespĭter, Opĭter; rătus, irrĭtus; ămicus, inìmicus (but ŭ remains unchanged in adŭmo, impătiens, and in some compounds of a later period of Roman literature, as praejacio, calefacio, etc.). —
    (β).
    Sometimes also before two consonants (where it is usually changed into ĕ; v. supra, 2. a. b.): tăg-, tango, contingo; păg-, pango, compingo (unchanged in some compounds, as peragro, desacro, depango, obcanto, etc.).
    b.
    ă is changed into ĭ in the reduplicated perfect forms: cădo, cecĭdi; căno, cecĭni; tăg-, tango, tetĭgi; păg-, pango, pepĭgi.
    c.
    Likewise in some roots which have ă: păg-, pignus; străg- (strangulo, strangô), stringo.
    d.
    In words taken from the Greek: mêchanê, machĭna; patanê, patĭna; bukanê, bucĭna; trutanê, trutĭna; balaneion, balĭneum; Katana, Catĭna (written also Catana); Akragas, Agrĭgentum.
    4.
    Short a is changed into short or long o.
    a.
    Into ŏ: scăbo, scobs; păr, pars, portio; dăm-, dŏmo; Fabii, Fŏvii (v. Paul. ex Fest. p. 87); marmaron, marmŏr; Mars, redupl. Marmar, Marmor (Carm. Fratr. Arv.).
    b.
    Into ō: dă-, dōnum, dōs; ăc-, ăcuo, ōcior (v. this art.).
    5.
    Short a is changed into ŭ —
    a.
    In the second part of compounds, particularly before l, p, and b: calco, inculco; salsus, insulsus; salto, exsulto; capio, occŭpo; răpio, surrupio and surruptus (also written surripio and surreptus); tăberna, contŭbernium; —before other consonants: quătio, conoŭtio; as, decussis; Mars, Mamŭrius, Mamŭralia; and once also condumnari (Tab. Bant. lin. 8, immediately followed by condemnatus, v. Klenze, Philol. Abhandl. tab. I., and Mommsen, Unterital. Dial. p. 149).
    b.
    In words of Greek origin: Hekabê, Hecŭba; skutalê, scutŭla; kraipalê, crapŭla; passalos, pessŭlus; aphlaston, aplustre; thriambos, triumphus.
    c.
    ă is perhaps changed into ŭ in ulciscor, compared with alc-, ulexô (arc-, arceo).
    B.
    Long a is sometimes changed into ē or ō.
    1.
    Into é: hālo, anhélo; fās-, féstus, profēstus; nām, némpe.
    2.
    Into ō: gnā-, gnārus, ignārus, ignōro. (But in general long a remains unchanged in composition: lābor, delūbor; gnàvus, ignūnus; fàma, infūmis.)
    IV.
    Contrary to the mode of changing Greek a into Latin e, i, o, u (v. supra), Latin a has sometimes taken the place of other Greek vowels in words borrowed from the Greek, as: lonchê, lancea; kulix, călix; Ganumêoês, Caiāmitus.
    V.
    The repugnance of the Latin Language to the Greek combined vowels ao has caused the translocation of them in Alumento for Daomeoôn (Paul. ex Fest. p. 18 Müll.).— Greek a is suppressed in Hercules from Hêraklês (probably in consequence of the inserted u; in late Latin we find Heracla and Heracula, cf. Ritschl, in Rhein. Mus. Neue Folge, vol. 12, p. 108).
    VI.
    Latin ă was early combined with the vowels i and u, forming the diphthongs ai and au; by changing the i into e, the diphthong ai soon became ae. So we find in the oldest inscriptions: AIDE, AIDLLIS, AIQVOM, GNAIVOD, HAICE, DVELONAI, TABELAI, DATAI, etc., which soon gave place to aedem, aedilis, aequom, Gnaeo, haec, Bellonae, tabellae, datae, etc. (the Col. Rostr. has PRAESENTE, PRAEDAD, and the S. C. de Bacch. AEDEM. The triphthong aei, found in CONQVAEISIVEI (?), is very rare; Miliar. Popil. lin. 11, v. Ritschl, l. l. p. 21). In some poets the old gen. sing. of the first decl. (- ai) is preserved, but is dissyllabic, āī. So in Ennius: Albūī Longūī, terrūī frugiferāī, frondosāī, lunāī, viāī; in Vergil: aulāī, aurāī, aquāī, pictāī; in Ausonius: herāī.
    B.
    ue as well as au are changed into other vowels.
    1.
    The sound of ae, e, and oe being very similar, these vowels are often interchanged in the best MSS., So we find caerimonia and cerimonia, caepa and cēpa, saeoulum and séculum; scaena and scēna; caelum and coelum, haedus and hoedus, macstus and moestus; cena, coena, and caena, etc.
    2.
    In composition and reduplications ae becomes í: aequus, iníquus; quaero, inquíro; laedo, illído; taedet, pertisum (noticed by Cic.); aestumo, exístumo; cuedo, cecídi, concído, homicida.
    3.
    ae is also changed into í in a Latinized word of Greek origin: Achaios (AchaiWos), Achíous.
    4.
    The diphthong au is often changed to ó and ú (the latter particularly in compounds): caudex, códex; Claudius, Clodius; lautus, lotus; plaustrum, plōstrum; plaudo, plōdo, explōdo; paululum, pōlulum; faux, suffōco; si audes (acc. to Cic. or acc. to others, si audies), sódes, etc.; claudo, inclūdo; causa, accūso. Hence in some words a regular gradation of au, o, u is found: claudo, clōdicare, clúdo; raudus, ródus, rúdus; caupo, cópa, cūpa; naugae, nōgae (both forms in the MSS. of Plautus), nūgae; fraustra, frode, frude (in MSS. of Vergil); cf. Ritschl, in Wintercatalog 1854-55, and O. Ribbeck, in Jahn's Neue Jahrb. vol. 77, p. 181 sq.—The change of au into oē and ō appears only in audio, (oboedio) obēdio.
    5.
    Au sometimes takes the place of av-: faveo, fautum, favitor, fautor; navis, navita, nauta; avis, auceps, auspex. So Latin aut corresponds to Sanscr. avo. (whence - vā, Lat. - ve), Osc. avti, Umbr. ute, ote; and so the Lat. preposition ab, through av, becomes au in the words aufero and aufugio (prop. av-fero, av-fugio, for ab-fero, ab-fugio). Vid. the art. ab init.
    VII.
    In primitive roots, which have their kindred forms in the sister-languages of the Latin, the original a, still found in the Sanscrit, is in Latin either preserved or more frequently changed into other vowels.
    A.
    Original a preserved: Sanscr. mātri, Lat. màter; S. bhrātri, L. fràter; S. nāsā, L. nàsus and nàris; S. ap, L. aqua; S. apa, L. ab; S. nāma, L. năm; S. ćatur, [p. 2] L. quattuor (in Greek changed: thettares); S. capūla, L. căput (in Greek changed: kephalê, etc.).
    B.
    Original a is changed into other Latin vowels—
    1.
    Into e: S. ad, L. ed (ĕdo); S. as, L. es (esse); S. pat, L. pet (peto); S. pād, L. pĕd (pès); S. dant, L. dent (dens); S. ǵan, L. gen (gigno); S. mā, L. mè-tior; S. saptan, L. septem; S. daśan, L. decem; S. śata, L. centum; S. aham, L. ŏgo; S. pāra, L. per; S. paśu, L. pŏcus; S. asva, L. ŏquus, etc.
    2.
    Into i: S. an-, a- (neg. part.), L. in-: S. ana (prep.), L. in; S. antar, L. inter; S. sama, L. similis; S. agni, L. ignis; S. abhra, L. imber; S. panéa, L. quinque, etc.
    3.
    Into o: S. avi, L. ŏvi (ovis); S. vać, L. vōc (voco); S. pra, L. pro; S. pā, L. po (pŏtum); S. nāma, L. nōmen; S. api, L. ŏb; S. navan, L. nŏvem; S. nava, L. nŏvus, etc.
    4.
    Into u: S. marmara, L. murmur.
    5.
    Into ai, ae: S. prati, L. (prai) prae; S. śaśpa, L. caespes.
    6.
    Into different vowels in the different derivatives: S. mā, L. mê-tior, mŏdus; S. praó, L. prŏcor, prŏcus; S. vah, L. vĕho, via.
    C.
    Sometimes the Latin has preserved the original a, while even the Sanscrit has changed it: Lat. pa-, pater, Sanscr. pd, pitri.
    2.
    As an abbreviation A. usually denotes the praenomen Aulus; A. A. = Auli duo, Inscr. Orell. 1530 (but A. A. = Aquae Aponi, the modern Abano, ib. 1643 sq.; 2620; 3011). The three directors of the mint were designated by III. VIRI A. A. A. F. F. (i. e. auro, argento, aeri flando, feriundo), ib. 569; 2242; 2379; 3134 al.;

    so also A. A. A.,

    ib. 3441 (cf. Cic. Fam. 7, 13 fin., and v. the art. Triumviri); A. D. A. agris dandis adsignandis, and A. I. A. agris judicandis adsignandis; A. O. amico optimo; A. P. a populo or aediliciae potestatis; A. P. R. aerario populi Romani. —Upon the voting tablets in judicial trials A. denoted absoluo; hence A. is called littera salutaris, Cic. Mil. 6, 15; v. littera. In the Roman Comitia A. (= antiquo) denoted the rejection of the point in question; v. antiquo. In Cicero's Tusculan Disputations the A. designated one of the disputants = adulescens or auditor, opp. to M. for magister or Marcus (Cicero); but it is to be remarked that the letters A and M do not occur in the best MSS. of this treatise; cf. edd. ad Cic. Tusc. 1, 5, 9.—In dates A. D. = ante diem; v. ante; A. U. C. = anno urbis conditae; A. P. R. C. anno post Romam conditam.
    3.
    a, prep.=ab, v. ab.
    4.
    ā, interj.=ah, v. ah.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > a

  • 16 accepte

    ac-cĭpĭo, cēpi, ceptum, 3, v. a. ( fut. perf. accepso = accepero, Pac. ap. Non. 74, 31, or Rib. Trag. Rel. 118) [capio], to accept.
    I.
    In gen., to take a person or thing to one's self: leno ad se accipiet hominem et aurum, will take the man and his money to himself (into his house), Plaut. Poen. 1, 1, 51.
    a.
    Of things received by the hand, to take, receive: cette manus vestras measque accipite, Enn. ap. Non. 85, 1 (Trag. v. 320 ed. Vahl.):

    ex tua accepi manu pateram,

    Plaut. Amph. 2, 2, 132; hence, trop. of the word given, the promise, with which a grasping of the hand was usually connected: accipe daque fidem, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 33 ed. Vahl.; so in the Gr. pista dounai kai labein); cf. Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 87; so Verg. A. 8, 150;

    in Ter. of a person to be protected: hanc (virginem) accepi, acceptam servabo,

    Ter. And. 1, 5, 62; cf. Cic. Fam. 7, 5, and Sall. C. 6, 5, —
    b.
    Of things received or taken by different parts of the body: accipite hoc onus in vestros collos, Cato ap. Non. 200, 23:

    gremio,

    Verg. A. 1, 685:

    oculis aut pectore noctem (i. e. somnum),

    id. ib. 4, 531.—
    c.
    In gen., very freq.,
    (α).
    as implying action, to take, to take possession of, to accept (Gr. dechesthai);
    (β).
    of something that falls to one's share, to get, to receive, to be the recipient of (Gr. lambanein).—
    (α).
    To take, accept:

    hanc epistulam accipe a me,

    take this letter from me, Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 52; 4, 2, 26; cf. id. Ep. 3, 4, 26:

    persuasit aliis, ut pecuniam accipere mallent,

    Cic. Off. 2, 23, 82:

    condicionem pacis,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 15:

    armis obsidibusque acceptis Crassus profectus est,

    after he had taken into his possession the arms and hostages, id. ib. 3, 23:

    divitias,

    Nep. Epam. 4, 3:

    aliquid a patre,

    to inherit, id. Timoth. 1, 1; id. Att. 1:

    accipe et haec, manuum tibi quae monumenta mearum sint,

    Verg. A. 3, 486 al. —Hence to receive or entertain as guest:

    haec (tellus) fessos placidissima portu accipit,

    Verg. A. 3, 78:

    Laurentes nymphae, accipite Aenean,

    id. ib. 8, 71; 155; Ov. M. 8, 655 al.—Of admittance to political privileges:

    Nomentani et Pedani in civitatem accepti,

    Liv. 8, 14; cf. Cic. Off. 1, 11, 35:

    magnifice volo summos viros accipere,

    Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 34:

    in loco festivo sumus festive accepti,

    id. ib. 5, 19; so id. Cist. 1, 1, 12; id. Men. 5, 2, 44; id. Pers. 1, 1, 32, etc.; Ter. Eun. 5, 9, 52; Lucr. 3, 907; Cic. Att. 16, 6; Ov. F. 2, 725 al.—Hence also ironically, to entertain, to treat, deal with:

    ego te miseris jam accipiam modis,

    Plaut. Aul. 4, 4, 3:

    hominem accipiam quibus dictis maeret,

    id. Men. 5, 1, 7:

    indignis acceptus modis,

    Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 12. Perh. also Lucil. ap. Non. 521, 1: adeo male me accipiunt decimae, treat or use me ill, deal harshly with me; and ib. 240, 8: sic, inquam, veteratorem illum vetulum lupum Hannibalem acceptum (Non. explains the latter in a very unusual manner, by deceptum).—
    (β).
    To get, to receive, to be the recipient of, Pac. ap. Non. 74, 31; Lucr. 1, 819, 909; 2, 762, 885, 1009:

    ictus,

    id. 4, 1048 (cf. Verg. A. 3, 243: vulnera accipiunt tergo): aridior nubes accipit ignem, takes or catches fire, Lucr. 6, 150; Caes. B. G. 1, 48:

    humanitatem iis tribuere debemus, a quibus accepimus,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 9:

    pecuniam ob rem judicandam,

    id. Verr. 1, 38:

    luna lumen solis accipit,

    id. de Or. 3, 45; cf. Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 17:

    praeclarum accepimus a majoribus morem,

    Cic. Off. 3, 10, 44: praecepta, Caes. B. G. 2, 6: accepi tuas litteras (in another sense than above), I have received your letter, it has reached me (allatae sunt ad me), Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 14; 2, 1, 1; 10, 1 al.:

    acceptā injuriā ignoscere quam persequi malebant,

    Sall. C. 9, 3; Caes. B. G. 2, 33:

    calamitatem,

    ib. 1, 31:

    detrimenta,

    ib. 5, 22; cf. Cic. Mur. 21, 44 al. So often of dignities and offices:

    provinciam,

    id. Fam. 2, 10, 2:

    consulatum,

    Suet. Aug. 10:

    Galliam,

    id. Caes. 22 al.
    II.
    In partic.
    A.
    To take a thing by hearing, i. e.,
    1.
    To hear, to perceive, to observe, to learn (cf. opp. do = I give in words, i. e. I say): hoc simul accipe dictum, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38 (Ann. v. 204): quod ego inaudivi, accipite, Pac. ap. Non. 126, 22 (Rib. Trag. Rel. p. 81): hoc etiam accipe quod dico, Lucil. ap. Non. 240, 1:

    carmen auribus,

    Lucr. 4, 983 (so id. 6, 164); 1, 270; cf. Verg. A. 2, 65:

    voces,

    Lucr. 4, 613 (so 6, 171):

    si te aequo animo ferre accipiet,

    Ter. And. 2, 3, 23:

    quae gerantur, accipies ex Pollione,

    Cic. Fam. 1, 6; 1, 9, 4; Liv. 1, 7. —Hence very freq. in the histt., to get or receive intelligence of any thing, to learn:

    urbem Romam, sicuti ego accepi, condidere atque habuere initio Trojani,

    as I have learned, Sall. C. 6, 1, and so al.—
    2.
    To comprehend or understand any thing communicated:

    haud satis meo corde accepi querelas tuas,

    Plaut. Cas. 2, 2, 18:

    et si quis est, qui haec putet arte accipi posse,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 25, 114:

    ut non solum celeriter acciperet, quae tradebantur, etc.,

    Nep. Att. 1, 3; so Quint. 1, 3, 3; 2, 9, 3 al.—
    3.
    With the accessory idea of judging, to take a thing thus or thus, to interpret or explain, usually constr. with ad or in c. acc.:

    quibus res sunt minus secundae... ad contumeliam omnia accipiunt magis,

    the more unfortunate one is, the more inclined is he to regard every thing as an insult, Ter. Ad. 4, 3, 15:

    in eam partem accipio,

    id. Eun. 5, 2, 37; cf. Cic. Fam. 10, 6; id. Att. 16, 6; Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 2:

    non recte accipis,

    you put a wrong construction upon this, id. And. 2, 2, 30:

    quae sibi quisque facilia factu putat, aequo animo accipit,

    Sall. C. 3, 2.— Hence: accipere aliquid omen, or in omen, to regard a thing as a ( favorable) omen, to accept the omen (cf. dechesthai ton oiônon), Cic. Div. 1, 46, 103; 2, 40, 83; Liv. 1, 7, 11; 21, 63 fin.; Tac. H. 1, 62; id. A. 1, 28; 2, 13; Flor. 4, 12, 14 al.—Hence poet.:

    accipio agnoscoque deos,

    Verg. A. 12, 260; cf. Ov. M. 7, 620.—
    B.
    To take a thing upon one's self, to undertake (syn. suscipio):

    accipito hanc ad te litem,

    Plaut. Most. 5, 2, 23: meā causā causam accipite, Ter. Hec. alt. prol. 47; cf. Cic. Fam. 7, 24; so id. Verr. 2, 3, 22; Quint. 20 al.—Hence also,
    C.
    To bear, endure, suffer any thing disagreeable or troublesome:

    hanccine ego ut contumeliam tam insignem ad me accipiam!

    Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 1:

    nil satis firmi video, quamobrem accipere hunc me expediat metum,

    id. Heaut. 2, 3, 96; 5, 1, 59; id. Eun. 4, 6, 24; id. Ad. 2, 1, 53; id. Ph. 5, 2, 4; Cic. Tusc. 5, 19, 56:

    calamitatem,

    id. Off. 3, 26:

    injuriam,

    id. ib. 1, 11 al.—
    D.
    To accept a thing, to be satisfied with, to approve: dos, Pamphile, est decem talenta; Pam.:

    Accipio,

    Ter. And. 5, 4, 48:

    accepit condicionem, dein quaestum accipit,

    id. ib. 1, 1, 52:

    visa ista... accipio iisque interdum etiam assentior, nec percipio tamen,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 20, 66:

    preces suas acceptas ab dis immortalibus ominati,

    Liv. 42, 30, 8 Drak. Cf. Herz, Caes. B. G. 5, 1: “equi te esse feri similem, dico.” Ridemus et ipse Messius: “accipio.” I allow it, Exactly so, Hor. S. 1, 5, 58.—
    E.
    In mercant. lang., t. t., to receive or collect a sum:

    pro quo (frumento) cum a Varinio praetore pecuniam accepisset,

    Cic. Fl. 45; hence subst.: acceptum, i, n., the receipt, and in account-books the credit side:

    in acceptum referre alicui,

    to carry over to the credit side, to place to one's credit, Cic. Verr. 1, 36, 57; id. Rosc. Com. 2; id. Phil. 2, 16; id. Caec. 6, 17; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 234 (opp. datum or expensum).—Hence also trop., to owe or be indebted to one, in a good or a bad sense:

    ut esset nemo qui non mihi vitam suam, liberos, remp. referret acceptam,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 5:

    omnia mala, quae postea vidimus, uni accepta referemus Antonio,

    ascribe, id. ib. 22; Caes. B. G. 8, 58; id. B. C, 3, 57: Acceptum [p. 18] refero versibus, esse nocens, Ov. Trist. 2, 10. —
    F.
    In the gram m., to take a word or phrase thus or thus, to explain a word in any manner:

    adversus interdum promiscue accipitur,

    Charis. p. 207 P. al.—(Syn. nanciscor and adipiscor: he to whom something is given, accipit; he who gets by a fortunate occurrence, nanciscitur; he who obtains it by exertion, adipiscitur. “ Sumimus ipsi: accipimus ab alio,” Vel. Long. p. 2243 P.—“Inter tenere, sumere et accipere hoc interest, quod tenemus quae sunt in nostra potestate: sumimus posita: accipimus data,” Isid. Diff. 1).—Hence, acceptus, a, um, P. a., welcome, agreeable, acceptable (syn. gratus. Acceptus is related to gratus, as the effect to the cause; he who is gratus, i. e. dear, is on that account acceptus, welcome, acceptable;

    hence the usual position: gratus atque acceptus).—First, of persons: essetne apud te is servus acceptissimus?

    Plaut. Cap. 3, 5, 56:

    plebi acceptus erat,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 13;

    acceptus erat in oculis,

    Vulg. 1 Reg. 18, 5.—

    Of things: dis et hominibus est acceptum quod, etc.,

    Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 5:

    quod vero approbaris. id gratum acceptumque habendum,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 15, 45:

    munus eorum gratum acceptumque esse,

    Nep. Hann. 7, 3:

    quorum mihi dona accepta et grata habeo,

    Plaut. Truc. 2, 7, 56:

    rem populo Romano gratam acceptamque,

    Cic. Phil. 13, 50;

    tempore accepto exaudivi,

    Vulg. 2 Cor. 6, 2.— Comp., Plaut. Pers. 4, 4, 96; Cic. Rep. 6, 13; Tac. A. 6, 45 al.— Sup., see above.— Adv. accepte does not occur.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > accepte

  • 17 accipio

    ac-cĭpĭo, cēpi, ceptum, 3, v. a. ( fut. perf. accepso = accepero, Pac. ap. Non. 74, 31, or Rib. Trag. Rel. 118) [capio], to accept.
    I.
    In gen., to take a person or thing to one's self: leno ad se accipiet hominem et aurum, will take the man and his money to himself (into his house), Plaut. Poen. 1, 1, 51.
    a.
    Of things received by the hand, to take, receive: cette manus vestras measque accipite, Enn. ap. Non. 85, 1 (Trag. v. 320 ed. Vahl.):

    ex tua accepi manu pateram,

    Plaut. Amph. 2, 2, 132; hence, trop. of the word given, the promise, with which a grasping of the hand was usually connected: accipe daque fidem, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 33 ed. Vahl.; so in the Gr. pista dounai kai labein); cf. Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 87; so Verg. A. 8, 150;

    in Ter. of a person to be protected: hanc (virginem) accepi, acceptam servabo,

    Ter. And. 1, 5, 62; cf. Cic. Fam. 7, 5, and Sall. C. 6, 5, —
    b.
    Of things received or taken by different parts of the body: accipite hoc onus in vestros collos, Cato ap. Non. 200, 23:

    gremio,

    Verg. A. 1, 685:

    oculis aut pectore noctem (i. e. somnum),

    id. ib. 4, 531.—
    c.
    In gen., very freq.,
    (α).
    as implying action, to take, to take possession of, to accept (Gr. dechesthai);
    (β).
    of something that falls to one's share, to get, to receive, to be the recipient of (Gr. lambanein).—
    (α).
    To take, accept:

    hanc epistulam accipe a me,

    take this letter from me, Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 52; 4, 2, 26; cf. id. Ep. 3, 4, 26:

    persuasit aliis, ut pecuniam accipere mallent,

    Cic. Off. 2, 23, 82:

    condicionem pacis,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 15:

    armis obsidibusque acceptis Crassus profectus est,

    after he had taken into his possession the arms and hostages, id. ib. 3, 23:

    divitias,

    Nep. Epam. 4, 3:

    aliquid a patre,

    to inherit, id. Timoth. 1, 1; id. Att. 1:

    accipe et haec, manuum tibi quae monumenta mearum sint,

    Verg. A. 3, 486 al. —Hence to receive or entertain as guest:

    haec (tellus) fessos placidissima portu accipit,

    Verg. A. 3, 78:

    Laurentes nymphae, accipite Aenean,

    id. ib. 8, 71; 155; Ov. M. 8, 655 al.—Of admittance to political privileges:

    Nomentani et Pedani in civitatem accepti,

    Liv. 8, 14; cf. Cic. Off. 1, 11, 35:

    magnifice volo summos viros accipere,

    Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 34:

    in loco festivo sumus festive accepti,

    id. ib. 5, 19; so id. Cist. 1, 1, 12; id. Men. 5, 2, 44; id. Pers. 1, 1, 32, etc.; Ter. Eun. 5, 9, 52; Lucr. 3, 907; Cic. Att. 16, 6; Ov. F. 2, 725 al.—Hence also ironically, to entertain, to treat, deal with:

    ego te miseris jam accipiam modis,

    Plaut. Aul. 4, 4, 3:

    hominem accipiam quibus dictis maeret,

    id. Men. 5, 1, 7:

    indignis acceptus modis,

    Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 12. Perh. also Lucil. ap. Non. 521, 1: adeo male me accipiunt decimae, treat or use me ill, deal harshly with me; and ib. 240, 8: sic, inquam, veteratorem illum vetulum lupum Hannibalem acceptum (Non. explains the latter in a very unusual manner, by deceptum).—
    (β).
    To get, to receive, to be the recipient of, Pac. ap. Non. 74, 31; Lucr. 1, 819, 909; 2, 762, 885, 1009:

    ictus,

    id. 4, 1048 (cf. Verg. A. 3, 243: vulnera accipiunt tergo): aridior nubes accipit ignem, takes or catches fire, Lucr. 6, 150; Caes. B. G. 1, 48:

    humanitatem iis tribuere debemus, a quibus accepimus,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 9:

    pecuniam ob rem judicandam,

    id. Verr. 1, 38:

    luna lumen solis accipit,

    id. de Or. 3, 45; cf. Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 17:

    praeclarum accepimus a majoribus morem,

    Cic. Off. 3, 10, 44: praecepta, Caes. B. G. 2, 6: accepi tuas litteras (in another sense than above), I have received your letter, it has reached me (allatae sunt ad me), Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 14; 2, 1, 1; 10, 1 al.:

    acceptā injuriā ignoscere quam persequi malebant,

    Sall. C. 9, 3; Caes. B. G. 2, 33:

    calamitatem,

    ib. 1, 31:

    detrimenta,

    ib. 5, 22; cf. Cic. Mur. 21, 44 al. So often of dignities and offices:

    provinciam,

    id. Fam. 2, 10, 2:

    consulatum,

    Suet. Aug. 10:

    Galliam,

    id. Caes. 22 al.
    II.
    In partic.
    A.
    To take a thing by hearing, i. e.,
    1.
    To hear, to perceive, to observe, to learn (cf. opp. do = I give in words, i. e. I say): hoc simul accipe dictum, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38 (Ann. v. 204): quod ego inaudivi, accipite, Pac. ap. Non. 126, 22 (Rib. Trag. Rel. p. 81): hoc etiam accipe quod dico, Lucil. ap. Non. 240, 1:

    carmen auribus,

    Lucr. 4, 983 (so id. 6, 164); 1, 270; cf. Verg. A. 2, 65:

    voces,

    Lucr. 4, 613 (so 6, 171):

    si te aequo animo ferre accipiet,

    Ter. And. 2, 3, 23:

    quae gerantur, accipies ex Pollione,

    Cic. Fam. 1, 6; 1, 9, 4; Liv. 1, 7. —Hence very freq. in the histt., to get or receive intelligence of any thing, to learn:

    urbem Romam, sicuti ego accepi, condidere atque habuere initio Trojani,

    as I have learned, Sall. C. 6, 1, and so al.—
    2.
    To comprehend or understand any thing communicated:

    haud satis meo corde accepi querelas tuas,

    Plaut. Cas. 2, 2, 18:

    et si quis est, qui haec putet arte accipi posse,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 25, 114:

    ut non solum celeriter acciperet, quae tradebantur, etc.,

    Nep. Att. 1, 3; so Quint. 1, 3, 3; 2, 9, 3 al.—
    3.
    With the accessory idea of judging, to take a thing thus or thus, to interpret or explain, usually constr. with ad or in c. acc.:

    quibus res sunt minus secundae... ad contumeliam omnia accipiunt magis,

    the more unfortunate one is, the more inclined is he to regard every thing as an insult, Ter. Ad. 4, 3, 15:

    in eam partem accipio,

    id. Eun. 5, 2, 37; cf. Cic. Fam. 10, 6; id. Att. 16, 6; Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 2:

    non recte accipis,

    you put a wrong construction upon this, id. And. 2, 2, 30:

    quae sibi quisque facilia factu putat, aequo animo accipit,

    Sall. C. 3, 2.— Hence: accipere aliquid omen, or in omen, to regard a thing as a ( favorable) omen, to accept the omen (cf. dechesthai ton oiônon), Cic. Div. 1, 46, 103; 2, 40, 83; Liv. 1, 7, 11; 21, 63 fin.; Tac. H. 1, 62; id. A. 1, 28; 2, 13; Flor. 4, 12, 14 al.—Hence poet.:

    accipio agnoscoque deos,

    Verg. A. 12, 260; cf. Ov. M. 7, 620.—
    B.
    To take a thing upon one's self, to undertake (syn. suscipio):

    accipito hanc ad te litem,

    Plaut. Most. 5, 2, 23: meā causā causam accipite, Ter. Hec. alt. prol. 47; cf. Cic. Fam. 7, 24; so id. Verr. 2, 3, 22; Quint. 20 al.—Hence also,
    C.
    To bear, endure, suffer any thing disagreeable or troublesome:

    hanccine ego ut contumeliam tam insignem ad me accipiam!

    Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 1:

    nil satis firmi video, quamobrem accipere hunc me expediat metum,

    id. Heaut. 2, 3, 96; 5, 1, 59; id. Eun. 4, 6, 24; id. Ad. 2, 1, 53; id. Ph. 5, 2, 4; Cic. Tusc. 5, 19, 56:

    calamitatem,

    id. Off. 3, 26:

    injuriam,

    id. ib. 1, 11 al.—
    D.
    To accept a thing, to be satisfied with, to approve: dos, Pamphile, est decem talenta; Pam.:

    Accipio,

    Ter. And. 5, 4, 48:

    accepit condicionem, dein quaestum accipit,

    id. ib. 1, 1, 52:

    visa ista... accipio iisque interdum etiam assentior, nec percipio tamen,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 20, 66:

    preces suas acceptas ab dis immortalibus ominati,

    Liv. 42, 30, 8 Drak. Cf. Herz, Caes. B. G. 5, 1: “equi te esse feri similem, dico.” Ridemus et ipse Messius: “accipio.” I allow it, Exactly so, Hor. S. 1, 5, 58.—
    E.
    In mercant. lang., t. t., to receive or collect a sum:

    pro quo (frumento) cum a Varinio praetore pecuniam accepisset,

    Cic. Fl. 45; hence subst.: acceptum, i, n., the receipt, and in account-books the credit side:

    in acceptum referre alicui,

    to carry over to the credit side, to place to one's credit, Cic. Verr. 1, 36, 57; id. Rosc. Com. 2; id. Phil. 2, 16; id. Caec. 6, 17; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 234 (opp. datum or expensum).—Hence also trop., to owe or be indebted to one, in a good or a bad sense:

    ut esset nemo qui non mihi vitam suam, liberos, remp. referret acceptam,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 5:

    omnia mala, quae postea vidimus, uni accepta referemus Antonio,

    ascribe, id. ib. 22; Caes. B. G. 8, 58; id. B. C, 3, 57: Acceptum [p. 18] refero versibus, esse nocens, Ov. Trist. 2, 10. —
    F.
    In the gram m., to take a word or phrase thus or thus, to explain a word in any manner:

    adversus interdum promiscue accipitur,

    Charis. p. 207 P. al.—(Syn. nanciscor and adipiscor: he to whom something is given, accipit; he who gets by a fortunate occurrence, nanciscitur; he who obtains it by exertion, adipiscitur. “ Sumimus ipsi: accipimus ab alio,” Vel. Long. p. 2243 P.—“Inter tenere, sumere et accipere hoc interest, quod tenemus quae sunt in nostra potestate: sumimus posita: accipimus data,” Isid. Diff. 1).—Hence, acceptus, a, um, P. a., welcome, agreeable, acceptable (syn. gratus. Acceptus is related to gratus, as the effect to the cause; he who is gratus, i. e. dear, is on that account acceptus, welcome, acceptable;

    hence the usual position: gratus atque acceptus).—First, of persons: essetne apud te is servus acceptissimus?

    Plaut. Cap. 3, 5, 56:

    plebi acceptus erat,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 13;

    acceptus erat in oculis,

    Vulg. 1 Reg. 18, 5.—

    Of things: dis et hominibus est acceptum quod, etc.,

    Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 5:

    quod vero approbaris. id gratum acceptumque habendum,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 15, 45:

    munus eorum gratum acceptumque esse,

    Nep. Hann. 7, 3:

    quorum mihi dona accepta et grata habeo,

    Plaut. Truc. 2, 7, 56:

    rem populo Romano gratam acceptamque,

    Cic. Phil. 13, 50;

    tempore accepto exaudivi,

    Vulg. 2 Cor. 6, 2.— Comp., Plaut. Pers. 4, 4, 96; Cic. Rep. 6, 13; Tac. A. 6, 45 al.— Sup., see above.— Adv. accepte does not occur.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > accipio

  • 18 adventicius

    adventīcĭus (not - tĭus), a, um, adj. [advenio], that is present by coming, coming from abroad, foreign, strange (extrinsecus ad nos perveniens non nostrum, aut nostro labore paratum, Ern. Clav. Cic.; opp. proprius, innatus, insitus, etc.; in Cic. very freq., elsewhere rare).
    I.
    In gen.:

    genus (avium),

    Varr. R. R. 3, 5, 7 (cf. advena):

    Mithridates magnis adventiciis copiis juvabatur,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 24; so,

    auxilium,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 37:

    externus et adventicius tepor,

    id. N. D. 2, 10:

    externa atque adventicia visio,

    proceeding from the senses, id. Div. 2, 58, 128:

    doctrina transmarina et adventicia,

    id. de Or. 3, 33:

    dos,

    given by another than the father, Dig. 23, 3, 5.—
    II.
    Esp.
    A.
    That is added to what is customary, or happens out of course, unusual, extraordinary:

    fructus,

    Liv. 8, 28; so,

    casus,

    Dig. 40, 9, 6. —
    B.
    That is acquired without one's own effort: adventicia pecunia, obtained, not from one's own possessions, but by inheritance, usury, presents, etc., Cic. Inv. 2, 21; id. Rab. Post. 17:

    humor adventicius,

    rain, Varr. R. R. 1, 41, 3:

    adventiciae res,

    Sen. ad Helv. 5.—
    C.
    That pertains to arrival (adventus):

    adventicia cena,

    a banquet given on one's arrival, Suet. Vit. 13 (cf. adventorius).— Adv. phrase: ex adventicio, from without, extrinsically:

    quidquid est hoc, quod circa nos ex adventicio fulget, liberi, honores, etc.,

    Sen. Consol. ad Marc. 10.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > adventicius

  • 19 adventitius

    adventīcĭus (not - tĭus), a, um, adj. [advenio], that is present by coming, coming from abroad, foreign, strange (extrinsecus ad nos perveniens non nostrum, aut nostro labore paratum, Ern. Clav. Cic.; opp. proprius, innatus, insitus, etc.; in Cic. very freq., elsewhere rare).
    I.
    In gen.:

    genus (avium),

    Varr. R. R. 3, 5, 7 (cf. advena):

    Mithridates magnis adventiciis copiis juvabatur,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 24; so,

    auxilium,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 37:

    externus et adventicius tepor,

    id. N. D. 2, 10:

    externa atque adventicia visio,

    proceeding from the senses, id. Div. 2, 58, 128:

    doctrina transmarina et adventicia,

    id. de Or. 3, 33:

    dos,

    given by another than the father, Dig. 23, 3, 5.—
    II.
    Esp.
    A.
    That is added to what is customary, or happens out of course, unusual, extraordinary:

    fructus,

    Liv. 8, 28; so,

    casus,

    Dig. 40, 9, 6. —
    B.
    That is acquired without one's own effort: adventicia pecunia, obtained, not from one's own possessions, but by inheritance, usury, presents, etc., Cic. Inv. 2, 21; id. Rab. Post. 17:

    humor adventicius,

    rain, Varr. R. R. 1, 41, 3:

    adventiciae res,

    Sen. ad Helv. 5.—
    C.
    That pertains to arrival (adventus):

    adventicia cena,

    a banquet given on one's arrival, Suet. Vit. 13 (cf. adventorius).— Adv. phrase: ex adventicio, from without, extrinsically:

    quidquid est hoc, quod circa nos ex adventicio fulget, liberi, honores, etc.,

    Sen. Consol. ad Marc. 10.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > adventitius

  • 20 auctor

    auctor (incorrectly written autor or author), ōris, comm. [id.], he that brings about the existence of any object, or promotes the increase or prosperity of it, whether he first originates it, or by his efforts gives greater permanence or continuance to it; to be differently translated according to the object, creator, maker, author, inventor, producer, father, founder, teacher, composer, cause, voucher, supporter, leader, head, etc. (syn.: conditor, origo, consiliarius, lator, suasor, princeps, dux).
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    Of persons, a progenitor, father, ancestor:

    L. Brutus, praeclarus auctor nobilitatis tuae,

    the founder, progenitor of your nobility, Cic. Tusc. 4, 1, 2:

    generis,

    Verg. A. 4, 365; so Ov. M. 4, 640, and Suet. Vit. 2:

    tu sanguinis ultimus auctor,

    Verg. A. 7, 49; so Ov. M. 12, 558, and 13, 142:

    tantae propaginis,

    id. F. 3, 157:

    originis,

    Suet. Ner. 1:

    gentis,

    id. Claud. 25:

    auctores parentes animarum,

    Vulg. Sap. 12, 6:

    auctore ab illo ducit originem,

    Hor. C. 3, 17, 5:

    Sive neglectum genus et nepotes Respicis auctor,

    id. ib. 1, 2, 36:

    mihi Tantalus auctor,

    Ov. M. 6, 172:

    auctores saxa fretumque tui,

    id. H. 10, 132:

    Juppiter e terrā genitam mentitur, ut auctor Desinat inquiri,

    id. M. 1, 615.—Of animals, Col. 6, 27, 1.—
    B.
    Of buildings, etc., founder, builder:

    Trojae Cynthius auctor,

    Verg. G. 3, 36:

    murorum Romulus auctor,

    Prop. 5, 6, 43 ( augur, Müll.):

    auctor posuisset in oris Moenia,

    Ov. M. 15, 9:

    porticus auctoris Livia nomen habet,

    id. A. A. 1, 72:

    amphitheatri,

    Plin. 36, 15, 24, § 118:

    omnia sub titulo tantum suo ac sine ullā pristini auctoris memoriā,

    Suet. Dom. 5.—
    C.
    Of works of art, a maker, artist:

    statua auctoris incerti,

    Plin. 34, 8, 19, § 93: apparuit summam artis securitatem auctori placaisse, id. praef. § 27.—
    II.
    Transf.
    A.
    In gen., the originator, executor, performer, doer, cause, occasion of other things (freq. interchanged with actor):

    tametsi haud quaquam par gloriá sequitur scriptorem et auctorem rerum, tamen etc.,

    Sall. C. 3, 2 Kritz (cf. without rerum: Suam quisque culpam auctores ad negotia transferunt, id. J. 1, 4):

    praeclari facinoris,

    Vell. 2, 120, 6:

    facti,

    Ov. M. 9, 206; Vell. 1, 8:

    cum perquirerent auctorem facti,

    Vulg. Jud. 6, 29:

    optimi statūs auctor,

    Suet. Aug. 28:

    honoris,

    Ov. M. 10, 214:

    vitae,

    Vulg. Act. 3, 15:

    salutis,

    ib. Heb. 2, 10:

    fidei,

    ib. ib. 12, 2:

    funeris,

    Ov. M. 10, 199:

    necis,

    id. ib. 8, 449;

    9, 214: mortis,

    id. ib. 8, 493:

    vulneris,

    id. ib. 5, 133;

    8, 418: plagae,

    id. ib. 3, 329:

    seditionis sectae,

    Vulg. Act. 24, 5.—Also, in gen., one from whom any thing proceeds or comes:

    auctor in incerto est: jaculum de parte sinistrā Venit,

    i. e. the sender, Ov. M. 12, 419; so,

    teli,

    id. ib. 8, 349:

    muneris,

    the giver, id. ib. 2, 88;

    5, 657, 7, 157 al.: meritorum,

    id. ib. 8, 108 al.—
    B.
    An author of scientific or literary productions.
    1.
    An investigator:

    non sordidus auctor Naturae verique,

    Hor. C. 1, 28, 14.—And as imparting learning, a teacher:

    quamquam in antiquissimā philosophiā Cratippo auctore versaris,

    Cic. Off. 2, 2, 8:

    dicendi gravissimus auctor et magister Plato,

    id. Or. 3, 10:

    divini humanique juris auctor celeberrimus,

    Vell. 2, 26, 2:

    Servius Sulpicius, juris civilis auctor,

    Gell. 2, 10; Dig. 19, 1, 39; 40, 7, 36.—
    2.
    The author of a writing, a writer:

    ii quos nunc lectito auctores,

    Cic. Att. 12, 18:

    ingeniosus poëta et auctor valde bonus,

    id. Mur. 14:

    scripta auctori perniciosa suo,

    Ov. Tr. 5, 1, 68:

    Belli Alexandrini Africique et Hispaniensis incertus auctor est,

    Suet. Caes. 56; id. Aug. 31:

    sine auctore notissimi versus,

    i. e. anonymous verses, id. ib. 70; so id. Calig. 8; id. Dom. 8 al.— Meton. of cause for effect, for a literary production, writing, work:

    in evolvendis utriusque linguae auctoribus, etc.,

    Suet. Aug. 89. —In partic., the author of historical works, an historian (with and without rerum):

    ego cautius posthac historiam attingam, te audiente, quem rerum Romanarum auctorem laudare possum religiosissimum,

    Cic. Brut. 11, 44; so,

    Matrem Antoniam non apud auctores rerum, non diurnā actorum scripturā reperio ullo insigni officio functam,

    Tac. A. 3, 3; 3, 30 (diff. from auctor rerum in II. A.):

    Polybius bonus auctor in primis,

    Cic. Off. 3, 32, 113; so Nep. Them. 10, 4; Liv. 4, 20; Tac. A. 5, 9; 14, 64 al.—With historiae (eccl. Lat.):

    historiae congruit auctori,

    Vulg. 2 Macc. 2, 31.—Hence, in gen., one that gives an account of something, a narrator, reporter, informant (orally or in writing):

    sibi insidias fieri: se id certis auctoribus comperisse,

    Cic. Att. 14, 8:

    celeberrimos auctores habeo tantam victoribus irreverentiam fuisse, ut, etc.,

    Tac. H. 3, 51:

    criminis ficti auctor, i. e. nuntius,

    Ov. M. 7, 824:

    Non haec tibi nuntiat auctor Ambiguus,

    id. ib. 11, 666; 12, 58; 12, 61; 12, 532.—Hence, auctorem esse, with acc. and inf., to relate, recount:

    Auctores sunt ter novenis punctis interfici hominem,

    Plin. 11, 21, 24, § 73:

    Fabius Rustiçus auctor est scriptos esse ad Caecinam Tuscum codicillos,

    Tac. A. 13, 20:

    Auctor est Julius Marathus ante paucos quam nasceretur menses prodigium Romae factum (esse) publice, etc.,

    Suet. Aug. 94 et saep.—
    C.
    One by whose influence, advice, command, etc., any thing is done, the cause, occasion, contriver, instigator, counsellor, adviser, promoter; constr. sometimes with ut, acc. and inf., or gen. gerund.: quid mihi es auctor ( what do you counsel me?) huic ut mittam? Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 2; 4, 7, 70; id. Poen. 1, 3, 1:

    idne estis auctores mihi?

    Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 16:

    mihique ut absim, vehementer auctor est,

    Cic. Att. 15, 5:

    Gellium ipsis (philosophis) magno opere auctorem fuisse, ut controversiarum facerent modum,

    id. Leg. 1, 20, 53:

    ut propinqui de communi sententiā coërcerent, auctor fuit,

    Suet. Tib. 35; id. Claud. 25; id. Calig. 15:

    a me consilium petis, qui sim tibi auctor in Siciliāne subsidas, an proficiscare,

    Cic. Fam. 6, 8: ego quidem tibi non sim auctor, si Pompeius Italiam reliquit, te quoque profugere, Att. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 10:

    ne auctor armorum duxque deesset, Auct. B. G. 8, 47: auctor facinori non deerat,

    Liv. 2, 54:

    auctores Bibulo fuere tantundem pollicendi,

    Suet. Caes. 19:

    auctores restituendae tribuniciae potestatis,

    id. ib. 5; so id. Dom. 8:

    auctor singulis universisque conspirandi simul et ut... communem causam juvarent,

    id. Galb. 10 al. —So freq. in the abl. absol.: me, te, eo auctore, at my, your, his instance, by my [p. 199] advice, command, etc.:

    non me quidem Faciet auctore, hodie ut illum decipiat,

    Plaut. Stich. 4, 2, 23:

    an paenitebat flagiti, te auctore quod fecisset Adulescens?

    Ter. Eun. 5, 6, 12:

    quare omnes istos me auctore deridete atque contemnite,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 14, 54:

    quia calida fomenta non proderant, frigidis curari coactus auctore Antonio Musā,

    Suet. Aug. 81; 96; id. Galb. 19; id. Vit. 2 al.: agis Carminibus grates et dis auctoribus horum, the promoters or authors of spells, Ov. M. 7, 148.—
    2.
    Esp., in political lang., t. t.
    a.
    Auctor legis.
    (α).
    One who proposes a law, a mover, proposer (very rare):

    quarum legum auctor fuerat, earum suasorem se haud dubium ferebat,

    Liv. 6, 36:

    Quid desperatius, qui ne ementiendo quidem potueris auctorem adumbrare meliorem,

    Cic. Dom. 30, 80.—
    (β).
    One who advises the proposal of a law, and exerts all his influence to have it passed, a supporter (stronger than suasor; cf. Suet. Tib. 27:

    alium dicente, auctore eo Senatum se adīsse, verba mutare et pro auctore suasorem dicere coegit): isti rationi neque lator quisquam est inventus neque auctor umquam bonus,

    Cic. Leg. 3, 15, 34:

    cum ostenderem, si lex utilis plebi Romanae mihi videretur, auctorem me atque adjutorem futurum (esse),

    id. Agr. 2, 5; id. Att. 1, 19:

    quo auctore societatem cum Perseo junxerunt,

    Liv. 45, 31; Suet. Oth. 8; id. Vesp. 11 al.—Sometimes in connection with suasor:

    atque hujus deditionis ipse Postumius suasor et auctor fuit,

    Cic. Off. 3, 30, 109:

    Nisi quis retinet, idem suasor auctorque consilii ero,

    Tac. H. 3, 2 al. —
    (γ).
    Of a senate which accepts or adopts a proposition for a law, a confirmer, ratifier:

    nunc cum loquar apud senatores populi Romani, legum et judiciorum et juris auctores,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 67.— Poet., in gen., a law-giver:

    animum ad civilia vertet Jura suum, legesque feret justissimus auctor,

    Ov. M. 15, 833;

    and of one who establishes conditions of peace: leges captis justissimus auctor imposuit,

    id. ib. 8, 101. —Hence, auctores fieri, to approve, accept, confirm a law:

    cum de plebe consulem non accipiebat, patres ante auctores fieri coëgerit,

    Cic. Brut. 14, 55:

    Decreverunt ut, cum populus regem jussisset, id sic ratum esset, si patres auctores fierent,

    Liv. 1, 17; 1, 22; 2, 54; 2, 56; 6, 42; 8, 12 al.—
    b.
    Auctor consilii publici, he who has the chief voice in the senate, a leader:

    hunc rei publicae rectorem et consilii publici auctorem esse habendum,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 48, 211; 3, 17, 63. —Also absol.:

    regem Ariobarzanem, cujus salutem a senatu te auctore, commendatam habebam,

    by your influence, and the decree of the senate occasioned by it, Cic. Fam. 15, 4, 6; cf. Gron. ad Liv. 24, 43.—
    D.
    One who is an exemplar, a model, pattern, type of any thing:

    Caecilius, malus auctor Latinitatis,

    Cic. Att. 7, 3, 10:

    nec litterarum Graecarum, nec philosophiae jam ullum auctorem requiro,

    id. Ac. 2, 2, 5; cf.

    Wopk. Lect. Tull. p. 34: unum cedo auctorem tui facti, unius profer exemplum,

    i. e. who has done a similar thing, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 26:

    Cato omnium virtutum auctor,

    id. Fin. 4, 16, 44 al. —
    E.
    One that becomes security for something, a voucher, bail, surety, witness:

    id ita esse ut credas, rem tibi auctorem dabo,

    Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 70:

    auctorem rumorem habere,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 19: fama nuntiabat te esse in Syriā;

    auctor erat nemo,

    id. Fam. 12, 4:

    non si mihi Juppiter auctor Spondeat,

    Verg. A. 5, 17:

    gravis quamvis magnae rei auctor,

    Liv. 1, 16:

    auctorem levem, nec satis fidum super tantā re Patres rati,

    id. 5, 15 fin.:

    urbs auspicato deis auctoribus in aeternum condita,

    under the guaranty of the gods, id. 28, 28.—Also with acc. and inf.:

    auctores sumus tutam ibi majestatem Romani nominis fore,

    Liv. 2, 48.—
    F.
    In judic. lang., t. t.
    1.
    A seller, vender (inasmuch as he warrants the right of possession of the thing to be sold, and transfers it to the purchaser; sometimes the jurists make a distinction between auctor primus and auctor secundus; the former is the seller himself, the latter the bail or security whom the former brings, Dig. 21, 2, 4; cf.

    Salmas. Mod. Usur. pp. 728 and 733): quod a malo auctore emīssent,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 22:

    auctor fundi,

    id. Caecin. 10; Dig. 19, 1, 52: Inpero (auctor ego sum), ut tu me quoivis castrandum loces, Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 73 Wagn.; id. Ep. 3, 2, 21; id. Curc. 4, 2, 12.— Trop.:

    auctor beneficii populi Romani,

    Cic. Mur. 2.—
    2.
    A guardian, trustee (of women and minors):

    dos quam mulier nullo auctore dixisset,

    Cic. Caecin. 25:

    majores nostri nullam ne privatam quidem rem agere feminas sine auctore voluerunt,

    Liv. 34, 2:

    pupillus obligari tutori eo auctore non potest,

    Dig. 26, 8, 5.—
    3.
    In espousals, auctores are the witnesses of the marriage contract (parents, brothers, guardians, relatives, etc.):

    nubit genero socrus, nullis auspicibus, nullis auctoribus,

    Cic. Clu. 5.—
    G.
    An agent, factor, spokesman, intercessor, champion:

    praeclarus iste auctor suae civitatis,

    Cic. Fl. 22:

    (Plancius) princeps inter suos... maximarum societatum auctor, plurimarum magister,

    id. Planc. 13, 22:

    meae salutis,

    id. Sest. 50, 107:

    doloris sui, querelarum, etc.,

    id. Fl. 22 fin.
    ► In class.
    Lat. auctor is also used as fem.:

    eas aves, quibus auctoribus etc.,

    Cic. Div. 1, 15, 27:

    Et hostes aderant et (Theoxena) auctor mortis instabat,

    Liv. 40, 4, 15:

    auctor ego (Juno) audendi,

    Verg. A. 12, 159; Ov. M. 8, 108; id. F. 5, 192; 6, 709; id. H. 14, 110; 15, 3; Sen. Med. 968; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 29 Müll. The distinction which the grammarians, Serv. ad Verg. A. 12, 159, Prob. p. 1452 sq. P., and others make between auctor fem. and auctrix, that auctrix would refer more to the lit. signif. of the verb, augeo, while auctor fem. has more direct relation to the prevailing signif. of its noun, auctoritas, is unfounded.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > auctor

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  • dos — DOS. s. m. La partie de derrière de l animal, depuis le cou jusqu aux reins. Le dos d un homme, d un cheval, d un mulet, d un âne. Il étoit couché sur le dos. Dos courbé, voûté. L épine du dos. Il portoit un homme sur son dos. Il lui a mis le… …   Dictionnaire de l'Académie Française 1798

  • dos — (Del lat. duos, acus. de duo). 1. adj. Uno y uno. 2. segundo (ǁ ordinal). Número dos. Año dos. Apl. a los días del mes, u. t. c. s. [m6]El dos de mayo. 3. m. Signo o conjunto de signos con que se representa el número dos. 4. Carta o …   Diccionario de la lengua española

  • DOS Plus — (erroneously also known as DOS+) is an operating system written by Digital Research, first released in 1985. It can be seen as an intermediate step between CP/M 86 and DR DOS. It is able to run programs written for either CP/M 86 or MS DOS 2.11,… …   Wikipedia

  • Dos (band) — Dos Origin San Pedro, California, U.S. Genres Alternative rock Indie rock Punk rock Years active 1985–present Labels New Alliance Reco …   Wikipedia

  • DOS Protected Mode Services — (DPMS) is a set of extended DOS memory management services to allow DPMS enabled DOS drivers to load and execute in extended memory and protected mode. Not being a DOS extender by itself, DPMS is a minimal set of extended DOS memory management… …   Wikipedia

  • dos — DOS. s. m. La partie de derriere de l animal, entre les espaules & les reins. Le dos d un homme, d un cheval, d un mulet, d un asne. il estoit couché sur le dos. dos courbé, vouté. l espine du dos. il portoit un homme sur son dos. il luy a mis le …   Dictionnaire de l'Académie française

  • Dos Navigator — Screenshot of DOS Navigator Developer(s) Stefan Tanurkov, Andrew Zabolotny, Sergey Melnik (initial release); RitLabs Initial release 1991 …   Wikipedia

  • DOS XL — Screenshot of DOS XL Original author(s) Paul Laughton, Mark Rose, Bill Wilkinson and Mike Peters Developer(s) Optimized Systems Software …   Wikipedia

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