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1 εὐθύνω
A guide straight, direct, ;εὐ. ἡνίας Ar.Av. 1739
(lyr.); [ ἅρματα] Isoc.1.32; εὐ. δόρυ steer the bark straight, E.Cyc.15;εὐ. πλάτην Id.Hec.39
; the helmsman,Ep.Jac.
3.4; εὐ. ἀγέλας lead or drive them, X.Cyr.1.1.2; εὐ. χερσί manage, guide him, S.Aj. 542;εὐ. πόδα E.Heracl. 728
, etc.2 metaph., direct, govern,Κύρου δὲ παῖς.. ηὔθυνε στρατόν A.Pers. 773
;πᾶσαν εὐθύνων πόλιν S.Ant. 178
, cf. 1164, E.Hec.9, Pl.Min. 320d.3 make straight, straighten, opp.κάμπτειν, πτέρυγας Arist.IA 709b10
:— [voice] Pass., Id.Mete. 385b32.II make or put straight, εὐ. δίκας σκολιάς make crooked judgements straight, Sol.4.37;εὐ. λαοῖς δίκας Pi.P.4.153
; εὐ. οὖρον send a straight fair wind, Id.O.13.28;εὐ. ὄλβον Id.P. 1.46
;ὥσπερ ξύλον διαστρεφόμενον.. εὐ. ἀπειλαῖς καὶ πληγαῖς Pl.Prt. 325d
, cf. 326e.III examine the conduct of an official, Id.Plt. 299a;εὐ. τὰς ἀρχάς Arist.Pol. 1271a6
, 1274a17, al.:—[voice] Pass., c. gen., -όμενος τῆς ἐφορείας Id.Rh. 1419a31
.2 c. gen. criminis, call to account for..,τινα κλοπῆς Plu.Cic.9
:—[voice] Pass., τῶν ἀδικημάτων ηὐθύνθη Th.1.95; οἱ -όμενοι the culprits, Mitteis Chr. 31 iii 10 (ii B.C.), cf. Notiz.Arch.4.21 (Cyrene, i B.C.): c. dat.,εὐ. φόνῳ PTeb.14.4
(ii B.C.); to be mulcted, punished,ἐπί τινι D.C.Fr.90
, al.: abs., IG12.41.6; ἑκατὸν δραχμῆσι ib.4.15, al.3 generally, refute or censure,τοὺς λόγους τινός Phld.Piet.67
;τὴν Φιλίστου διάλεκτον Plu.Nic.1
:—[voice] Pass., to be refuted,δι' αὐτῶν τῶν φαινομένων Phld.Sign.30
, cf. Plot.3.6.13; but also, to be critically examined, Id.4.6.13. -
2 νομεύω
A put to graze, drive afield, in [voice] Act., of the shepherd,καλλίτριχα μῆλα νομεύων Od.9.336
; ἐνόμευε νομὸν κάτα πίονα μῆλα ib. 217;ἀγέλην ν. Pl.Plt. 265d
:—[voice] Pass., metaph., of ἀνθρώπων ἀγέλαι, ib. 295e.2 βουσὶ νομοὺς ν. eat down the pastures with oxen, Lat. depascere, h.Merc.492.3 abs., to be a shepherd, tend flocks, Theoc.20.35.II later, = νωμάω, direct, manage, Nonn.D.7.110. -
3 νωμάω
Aνώμασκε Mosch.4.108
:—[voice] Med., v.infr.: ( νέμω A.I.I):—deal out, distribute, esp. food and drink at festivals, Il.1.471, Od.3.340, etc. ; ν. φιάλαισιν ἀμπέλου παῖδα pour wine into the several cups, Pi.N.9.51 ;ν. προπόσεις Critias 1.7
D.II (νέμω A.
III. 2) direct, guide,1 of weapons, implements, etc., handle, wield,ἐν παλάμῃσι πελώριον ἔγχος ἐνώμα Il.5.594
;οἶδ' ἐπὶ δεξιά, οἶδ' ἐπ' ἀριστερὰ νωμῆσαι βῶν 7.238
; ;ἄλεισον.. μετὰ χερσὶν ἐνώμα Od.22.10
; ἀεὶ γὰρ πόδα νηὸς ἐνώμων managed the sheet, 10.32 ;νηὸς.. οἰήϊα νωμᾷς 12.218
;ἁνία χερσὶ ν. Pi.I.1.15
; drive,ν. δίφρους Id.P.4.18
;ν. κύλικα Theophil.2.5
:—[voice] Med.,νωμήσασθαι σάκος Q.S.3.439
.b metaph.,ἐν πρύμνῃ πόλεως οἴακα νωμῶν A.Th.3
;νώμα δικαίῳ πηδαλίῳ στρατόν Pi.P.1.86
;πᾶν ἐπὶ τέρμα ν. A.Ag. 781
(lyr.) ;νωμᾶτ' ὠκεανόν, νωμᾶθ' ἅλα, δένδρεά τ' αὔτως Orph.H.38.8
, etc.: abs., to be the guiding power, S.Fr.941.11.2 of the limbs of the human body, ply,γούνατ' ἐν. Il.10.358
;ὄμμα Parm.1.35
;φυγᾷ πόδα ν. S.OT 468
(lyr.) ; ν. ὀφρύν move the brow, A.Ch. 288 ;πτερὸν αἰθέρι ν. AP9.339
(Arch.) ;πήδα.. παμφυὲς νωμῶν δέμας IG42(1).130.19
(Epid.).3 metaph., of the mind, turn over, ἐνὶ φρεσὶ κέρδε' ἐνώμας thou didst use to turn wiles over in the mind, Od.18.216 ;κέρδεα νωμῶν 20.257
; ply nimbly, .4 observe, νωμῶντες.. σῖτα ἀναιρεομένους observing them in the act of foraging, Hdt.4.128 ; of soothsayers,ἐν ὠσὶ ν. καὶ φρεσίν.. χρηστηρίους ὄρνιθας A.Th.25
;ὦ πάντα νωμῶν, Τειρεσία S.OT 300
, cf. E.Ph. 1256 ;τὸ νωμᾶν καὶ τὸ σκοπεῖν ταὐτόν Pl.Cra. 411d
; so prob. in h.Cer. 373 ἀμφὶ ἕ νωμήσας peering round him.III [voice] Med., = νέμομαι, possess, occupy, χώραν, νῆσον, Supp.Epigr.2.511.56, al. (Crete, ii B. C.).—Poet. word, exc. in Hdt. and Pl.Il.cc. and in signf. III. -
4 προΐημι
Aπροΐει Il.2.752
; [ per.] 3sg. subj. προϊῇ (v.l. 3 opt. προΐοι) h.Ven. 152: [tense] impf. προΐειν, εις, ει, Il.1.326, 336, Od.9.88, 10.100, etc.: [tense] fut. προήσω: [tense] aor. 1 προῆκα, [dialect] Ep. προέηκα, both in Hom.: [tense] aor. 2 ind. [ per.] 3pl.πρόεσαν Od.8.399
; opt.προεῖεν X.An. 7.2.15
codd.; imper.πρόες Il.16.241
(on the accent, v. Hdn.Gr.2.931), [ per.] 3sg.προέτω 11.796
; inf. προέμεν for προεῖναι, Od.10.155:—[voice] Med., [tense] aor. 1προηκάμην D.19.78
,84, 32.15, etc.: [tense] aor. 2 opt. πρόοιντο orπροοῖντο Th.1.120
, D.18.254, cf. X.An.1.9.10:—[voice] Pass., [tense] pf. προεῖμαι, [tense] plpf. προεῖτο, D. (v. infr. 11.1). [On the quantity, v. ἵημι.]:—send forth, send forward, Il.1.195 (tm.), 326, 336, etc.; esp. send troops forward, X. Cyr. 7.1.22,27 : also, send a thing or person to another,ἀγγελίας Od.2.92
;ἐπ' Αἴαντα.. κήρυκα Il.12.342
;τῷ κῦδος ἅμα πρόες 16.241
: in Hom. freq. with inf. added to define the action,Ταλθύβιον προΐει.. ἰέναι Il.3.118
;αἰετὼ.. προέηκε πέτεσθαι Od.2.147
; [οὖρον] προέηκεν ἀῆναι 3.183
; π. τινὰ διδασκέμεναι, μυθήσασθαι, πυθέσθαι, Il.9.442, 11.201, 649;ἑτάρους π. πεύθεσθαι Od.9.88
; so βασιλευέμεν τοι προήσειν will allow thee to.., Pi.P.4.166.2 dismiss, let go, τινα Il.4.398; τήνδε θεῷ πρόες let her go to the god, i.e. in reverence to him, 1.127.3 let loose, let fall, esp. thoughtlessly, ἔπος προέηκε let drop a word, Od.14.466;φήμην 20.105
; πηδάλιον ἐκ χειρῶν προέηκε he let the helm slip from his hands, 5.316: with inf., πόδα προέηκε φέρεσθαι let slip his foot so that it fell, 19.468.4 with direct purpose, cast, of a fisherman,ἐς πόντον π. βοὸς κέρας 12.253
.5 of missiles, discharge, shoot, ἔγχος, βέλος, ὀϊστόν, etc., Il.5.15, 280, 11.270, 13.662, etc.; ἀκόντια π. ἐπὶ τὸν νεβρόν f.l. in X.Cyn.9.6 of a river, ἐς Πηνειὸν προΐει ὕδωρ it pours its water into the Peneius, Il.2.752, cf. Hes.Fr.37, E.Hipp. 124 (lyr.).II give up, deliver, betray one to his enemy, Hdt.1.159, 3.137; χρήματα μέν σφι π. offering to give them.., Id.1.24, cf. Ar.Nu. 1214;τὰς ναῦς π. τινί Th.8.32
: with an inf. added,γυναῖκα.. π. ἀπάγεσθαι Hdt.2.115
:—[voice] Pass., to be given or thrown away,εἰ ταῦτα προεῖτ' ἀκονιτεί D.18.200
;καιροὶ προεῖνται Id.19.8
, cf. 25.10.2 ἐπὶ τὸ αὐτίκα ἡδὺ π. αὑτούς devote themselves to.., X.Cyr.7.5.76.B in Prose mostly in [voice] Med. (not found in Hom.), send forward from oneself, drive forward,τὸν λαγὼ εἰς τὰς ἄρκυς X.Cyn.6.10
(s. v.l.): c. inf., τοὺς ἐρῶντας ἵμερος δρᾶν προΐεται forces them on to do, S.Fr.149.9 codd. Stob.2 of sounds, utter,τὴν φωνήν Aeschin.2.23
, etc.;λόγον Ti.Locr.100c
;ῥῆμα D.19.118
; π. πᾶσαν φωνήν use all sorts of entreaties, Plb.3.84.10, etc.;π. τῶν ἀπορρήτων οὐδὲν οὐδενί Id.3.20.3
, etc.3 emit, π. γονήν, σπέρμα, κόπρον, βλαστούς, etc.,Arist.GA 719b3, 721a30, HA 554b1, Thphr. CP1.12.9, etc.;κλημάτια.. προϊέμενα ῥίζας Dsc.4.29
.II give up, let go, προέμενον αὐτῇ (sc. τὴν χεῖρα) Hdt. 2.121.έ; give up to the enemy,Κέρκυραν τοῖς Κορινθίοις Th.1.44
, cf. D.18.72, 21.213; abandon, Id.19.152; π. σφᾶς αὐτούς gave themselves up as lost, Th.2.51;αὑτὸν τοῖς πολεμίοις X.An.5.8.14
;σφᾶς αὐτοὺς καὶ τὰ ὅπλα Polyaen.4.3.4
;τὸν βίον Plu.Ant.53
: abs., give up hope, Jul.Or.8.250a.2 desert, abandon,εἰ τὰ κάτω προοῖντο Th.1.120
, cf. 6.78, X.An.1.9.10, etc.; οὐδαμῇ προΐενθ' αὑτούς did not lose themselves (i.e. take bribes), D.19.139;τι τῶν πρὸς τὴν πολιτείαν Arist.Pol. 1307b4
.3 give away, give freely,ἔρανον τῇ πόλει Th. 2.43
;τὰ ἑαυτῶν D.34.52
;ὑμῖν οὐδὲν προεῖνται τῶν σφετέρων Lys. 21.12
;ἀπὸ τῶν ἰδίων D.18.114
; εὐεργεσίαν ἄνευ μισθοῦ without a stipulated fee, leaving it to one's honour, Pl.Grg. 520c, cf. Phdr. 231c, X.An.7.7.47; give up without payment received,τὴν ἀλλαγήν Pl.Lg. 849e
.c pay, in kind or in money, PHib.1.76.2 (iii B.C.), UPZ23.18 and 26, 26.12 (ii B.C.), PAmh.61.11 (ii B.C.), SIG694.60 (Elaea, ii B.C.).5 throw away,τὰ ἴδια X.Cyn.12.11
codd.; π. τὸν καιρόν, τὸ παρόν, Lycurg.126, D.1.9; καθ' ἕκαστον ἀεί τι τῶν πραγμάτων ib.14;πολλὰ τῶν κοινῶν Id.18.134
;εἰ οὗτοι χρήματα.. μὴ προοῖντ' ἄν, πῶς ὑμῖν. καλὸν τὸν ὅρκον προέσθαι; Id.21.212
;μηδενὸς κέρδους τὰ κοινὰ δίκαια π. Id.6.10
; τὰ πατρῷα, τὰ τῆς δημοκρατίας ἰσχυρά, Aeschin.3.173, 234; πόλεων.. ὧν ἦμέν ποτε κύριοι.. προϊεμένους (gen. by attraction of the relat. ὧν) D.2.2;τὴν ψυχὴν π. Porph.Abst. 2.13
: abs., throw away one's advantage, Arist.Rh. 1398a2, cf.EN 1114a17 (less freq. neglect a disadvantage,π. κακόν τι Lib.Or.21.27
); to be lavish, Arist. Rh. 1366b7.6 with part., inf., or Adj., ἡμᾶς προέσθαι ἀδικουμένους suffer us to be wronged, Th.2.73, cf. Plb.30.7.4;προέμενοι ἀπολέσθαι αὐτούς X.HG2.3.35
;π. τισὶν ὑμᾶς ἐξαπατῆσαι D.16.3
, cf. Lys.13.23, etc.;π. τὰ ἴδια ἀνομοθέτητα Pl.Lg. 780a
; also τοὺς Ἕλληναςεἰς ὅουλείαν π. D.10.25
, cf. 5.15.7 suffer to escape,ἐκ τοιούτων τοὺς ὑπεναντίους Plb.3.94.8
;τινὰ ἐκ τῆς πόλεως Id.4.4.3
; let pass,διὰ κενῆς τὸν χρόνον Id.3.70.10
; let slip, utter, μαλθακοὺς λόγους φρενός dub. in E.Med. 1052.8 rarely in good sense, confide, entrust to one, X. Cyr. 5.2.9;τὰ τέκνα τισὶν εἰς ὁμηρίαν Plb.28.4.7
: abs., X.An.7.3.31.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > προΐημι
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5 ἐπερείδω
A drive against, ἐπέρεισε δὲ Παλλὰς Ἀθήνη [ἔγχος] νείατον ἐς κενεῶνα drove it home, Il.5.856, cf. 17.48; ἐπέρεισε δὲ ἶν' ἀπέλεθρον put vast strength to it, 7.269, Od.9.538; thrust a door to, shut it close, Q.S.12.331; ἐ. γένειόν τινι lean it upon.., Ael.NA5.56: metaph., ἐ. τὸν νοῦν attend to a thing, A.D.Synt.148.20;τὴν διάνοιαν Plu.2.392b
; ἐ. τῷ φιλεῖν ἐμαυτόν give oneself up to, ib.463c; direct, πρὸς τὴν θεὸν τὸν λόγον Sch.Pi.N.7.1:—[voice] Med., rest in or upon,βαυκάλη ἐπὶ διαγωνίων λίθων ἐπηρεισμένη Sor.1.109
: metaph.,ψυχαὶ -όμεναι πνεύματι Porph.Abst.2.38
;οὐσίᾳ Plot.6.1.3
;ἄλλῳ Id.5.5.7
;ἐπ' ἄλλου Iamb.Comm.Math.8
.2 ἐ. τὴν φάλαγγά τινι bring the whole force of the phalanx against, Plu.Flam.8: abs.,ἐ. τοῖς ἀντιτεταγμένοις Id.Pyrrh.21
, cf. Arr.Tact.16.13:—[voice] Med., Ael. Tact.14.5.3 [voice] Med., λαίφη προτόνοις ἐπερειδομένας staying their sails with ropes, E.Hec. 112:—[voice] Pass., lean or bear upon,βακτηρίαις Ar.Ec. 277
, cf. Pl.Lg. 789e: metaph., lean upon,ἡμετέρῃ ἐ. Ἑλλὰς ἐφορμῇ A.R.4.204
: abs., resist with all one's force, Ar.Ra. 1102.4 [voice] Pass., to be leaned on, J.AJ9.4.4.II intr. in [voice] Act., τῇ χειρὶ ἐπερείδειν press heavily with the hand, Hp.Art.11.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἐπερείδω
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6 ἐφέπω
Aἐφέψω Il.21.588
: [tense] aor. 2 (lyr.) (the only place in Trag.), inf. ἐπισπεῖν, part. ἐπισπών (v. infr. 111):—ply, wield,ἔγχος Pi.P.6.33
.2 c. dat. pers., apply, direct towards or against,Πατρόκλῳ ἔφεπε κρατερώνυχας ἵππους Il.16.732
, cf. 724.3 ply, belabour, lay on to, [ἵππους] μάστιγι 24.326
; of warriors, belabour, harass the enemy, 11.177, 22.188;σφεδανὸν ἔφεπ' ἔγχεϊ 21.542
: c. acc. loci,ὣς ἔφεπε κλονέων πεδίον 11.496
; of hunters, beat, drive,κορυφὰς ὀρέων Od.9.121
(but ἄγρην ἐφέπεσκον,.. ἰχθῦς ὄρνιθάς τε plied ( ἐνήργουν Sch.) the chase, (hunting) fish and birds, 12.330): abs. metaph., punish,παραιβασίας Hes. Th. 220
.II ply or practise a pursuit,ἄλλοι δ' ἐπὶ ἔργον ἕποιεν Od.14.195
;πόλεμον ἐ. Simon.142.2
(codd. AP);τερπωλὰς καὶ θαλίας Archil. 13
;συμποσίας Pi.P.4.294
;ὅσια καὶ νόμιμα Ar. Th. 675
; πολλὰ ἐπέπουσι (v.l. ἐφ-) Hdt.7.8. ά; τὰν Φιλοκτήταο δίκαν ἐ. practising his way, Pi.P.1.50.2 govern, administer,Θήβας A.Pers.38
(anap.), cf. 552; πόλιας θνητῶν v.l. in Simon.142.2;Ζεὺς ὥρην ἐφέπων Man.3.32
; face (ply, cope with) a task, ; τοσσούσδ' ἀνθρώπους ἐφέπειν καὶ πᾶσι μάχεσθαι ib. 357; μαιμώων ἔφεπ' ἔγχεϊ faced (plied) them with his spear, 15.742.3 c. acc. loci, haunt, frequent, of gods, nymphs, etc.,γαῖαν καὶ βένθεα λίμνης Hes. Th. 366
, cf. Pi.P.1.30, Pae.Delph.7; of birds, A.R.2.384;γῆν καὶ θάλασσαν Luc. Trag.267
; visit, .III come upon, encounter, face, πότμον ἐπίσπῃς, etc. Il.6.412, etc.;θάνατον καὶ πότμον ἐ. Od.24.31
;θανεῖν καὶ πότμον ἐ. Il.7.52
, Od.4.562, etc.;κακὸν οἶτον ἐ. 3.134
;ὀλέθριον ἦμαρ ἐ. Il.19.294
;ἐ. αἴσιμον ἦμαρ 21.100
; reversely,αἰὼν ἔφεπε μόρσιμος Pi.O.2.10
.—The [voice] Act. is rare in [dialect] Att. (v. supr.).B [voice] Med., ἐφέπομαι (in later Poetsἐφέσπομαι Maiist. 46
, Naumach. ap.Stob.4.23.7, Nonn.D.16.401,ἐπιέσπομαι Opp.C.3.272
): [tense] impf. ἐφειπόμην: [tense] fut. ,ἐπιέψομαι A.R.2.18
: [tense] aor. 2 ἐφεσπόμην (but [ per.] 3pl. ἐπέσποντ ([etym.] ο) Pi.P.4.133), imper. ἐπίσπου, inf. ἐπισπέσθαι: also [tense] aor. 1 imper. ἐφεψάσθω (v.l. ἐφαψ-) Theoc.9.2:—follow, pursue, once in Hom. in hostile sense,ληϊστῆρσιν ἐπισπόμενος Ταφίοισιν Od.16.426
, cf. Hdt.1.103, 3.54, Th.4.96, etc.II follow, attend,λαῶν ἔθνος ἐπισπόμενον ἑοῖ αὐτῷ Il.13.495
; ἐπισπέσθαι ποσίν attend on foot, i. e. keep up with, 14.521, cf. Hdt.3.14, 31, al.; εἰ μή οἱ τύχη ἐπίσποιτο if fortune attend him not, Id.1.32, etc.;ᾧ χάρις ἐφέσπετο Ar.V. 1278
: abs., opp. ἡγεῖσθαι, Th.3.45.2 obey, attend to,ἐπισπόμενοι θεοῦ ὀμφῇ Od.3.215
; ἐπισπόμενοι μένεϊ σφῷ giving the reins to their passion, 14.262;τῇ γνώμῃ τινὸς ἐ. Hdt.7.10
.γ; βουλῇ.. ἐπισπέσθαι πατρός A.Eu. 620
; [γνώμαις], βουλεύμασι, τῷ δικαίῳ, S.Ant. 636, El. 967, 1037: abs., ὁ ἐπισπόμενος, opp. ὁ πείσας, Th.3.43; also, agree, approve,εἰ δὲ.. ἐπὶ δ' ἕσπωνται θεοὶ ἄλλοι Od.12.349
, cf. Pi.P. 4.133. -
7 ἰθύνω
Aἰθύνεσκον Q.S.1.273
, al., Hymn.Is.153: [tense] aor. 1ἴθυνα Od.23.197
:—[voice] Med. (v. infr. 2), [tense] aor. 1 inf.ἰθύνασθαι Q.S.14.500
:—[voice] Pass., [tense] aor. 1ἰθύνθην Il.16.475
: [tense] pf.ἴθυμμαι D.P.341
,ἀπ-ίθυνται Hp.Fract.7
: ( ἰθύς A). [ ῑθῡνω: ῐ- only in APl. 74]:—[dialect] Ion. and [dialect] Ep. for εὐθύνω (sts. used in Trag., generally with v.l. εὐθυν-; never in Com. or [dialect] Att. Prose), make straight, straighten, ἐπὶ στάθμην ἴθυνεν by the rule, Od.5.245, 23.197, al.:—[voice] Pass.,ἐκ στάθμης ἰθυμμένος D.P.
l.c.2 guide in a straight line, ἵππους τε καὶ ἅρμ' ἰθύνομεν ([dialect] Ep. for - ωμεν) let us drive them straight, Il.11.528; νῆα θοὴν ἰθύνει [the pilot] keeps it straight, 23.317;τὴν δ' ἄνεμός τε κυβερνήτης τ' ἴθυνε Od.11.10
, etc.; τρόπιν Hymn.Is.l.c.; ἰ. δρόμον, κῶλον, E.Hipp. 1227 (v.l. εὐθ-), Or. 1016 (lyr.); (lyr.); βέλος δ' ἴθυνεν Ἀθήνη she sped it straight, Il.5.290: in late Prose,λεπτοὶ ὕπνοι ἰθύνοντες τὰ σιτία Philostr.Gym.48
:—[voice] Med., guide or steer for oneself, of missiles, ἐπ' Ἀντινόῳ ἰθύνετο πικρὸν ὀϊστόν aimed his arrow straight at.., Od.22.8; πηδαλίῳ ἰθύνετο (sc. σχεδίην) 5.270;ἡνίοχος ἰθύνετο ἅρμα Hes.Sc. 324
: c. gen., ἀλλήλων ἰθυνομένων.. δοῦρα as they drove their spears straight at each other, Il.6.3:—[voice] Pass., run straight or evenly, of horses yoked abreast,τὼ δ' ἰθυνθήτην Il.16.475
(but, to be guided, οὐ γὰρ ἄτερ μάστιγος ἰθύνεται ἵππος APl. l.c.); of a boat, to be steered, Hdt.1.194.3 guide, direct, rule,Ζεὺς.. πάντ' ἰθύνει Il.17.632
;ἀμηχανίη ἰ. νόον Parm.6.6
; ἰ. στρατόν (corr. from ηὔθ- in cod. M) A.Pers. 773; ἰ. ἑορτάς Orac. ap. D.21.52;ζωήν AP6.68
(Jul.Aegypt.); of a judge, μύθους ἰ. put straight, rectify unjust judgements, Hes.Op. 263 (dub.), cf. Call.Jov.83; ἰ. τὸ πλέον τινί adjudge the greater part to him, Theoc.5.71:—[voice] Pass., ἰθύνεσθαι θανάτῳ to be visited with the penalty of death, Hdt.2.177. -
8 ὀ- 2
ὀ- 2.Meaning: `near to, by, to, with' fixed prefix assumed in ὀ-κέλλω `to drive on shore', prob. also in ὀτρύνω, ὄζος, ὄσχος, ὄψον; further see under the separate words; cf. also ὄαρ. It is very rare, and doubtful.Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Without direct agreement outside Greek. A similar function has Indo-Iran. (preverb and prep.) ā- `at it, towards, from... away' (e.g. Skt. ā-gam- `arrive, come towards'); further, more or less uncertain cases from other languages in WP. 1, 95f., Pok. 280f. Forms with long vowel have been supposed with doubtful right in ὠρύομαι, ἠβαιός, ἠρέμα, s. vv. (note that two of these words would have ἠ-) and Schwyzer 434, Schw.-Debrunner 491. Not here ἐθέλω (s.v.; through aphaeresis θέλω); ὠκεανός is Pre-Greek.Page in Frisk: 2,342Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ὀ- 2
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9 φέρω
φέρω (Hom.+) impf. ἔφερον; fut. οἴσω J 21:18; Rv 21:26; 1 aor. ἤνεγκα, ptc. ἐνέγκας; 2 aor. inf. ἐνεγκεῖν (B-D-F §81, 2); pf. ἐνήνοχα (LXX, JosAs). Pass.: 1 aor. ἠνέχθην 2 Pt 1:17, 21a, 3 pl. ἐνέχθησαν Hs 8, 2, 1.① to bear or carry from one place to another, w. focus on an act of transportⓐ lit.α. carry, bear (Aristoph., Ra. [Frogs] 27 τὸ βάρος ὸ̔ φέρεις; X., Mem. 3, 13, 6 φορτίον φέρειν; GrBar 12:1 κανίσκια ‘baskets’) ἐπέθηκαν αὐτῷ τὸν σταυρὸν φέρειν ὄπισθεν τοῦ Ἰησοῦ Lk 23:26 (s. σταυρός 1).—In imagery drawn from Gen 2 οὗ ξύλον φέρων καὶ καρπὸν αἱρῶν if you bear the tree (of the word) and pluck its fruit Dg 12:8. For Papias (3:2) s. 3a.β. bring with one, bring/take along (Diod S 6, 7, 8 γράμματα φέρων; GrBar 12:7 φέρετε ὸ̔ ἠνέγκατε ‘bring here what you have brought’, for the nuance of φέρετε s. 2a; PTebt 418, 9; 421, 6; 8) φέρουσαι ἃ ἡτοίμασαν ἀρώματα Lk 24:1. Cp. J 19:39.ⓑ fig.α. carry a burden οὗτος τὰς ἁμαρτίας ἡμῶν φέρει 1 Cl 16:4 (Is 53:4).β. bear a name τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ κυρίου bear the name of the Lord, i.e. of a Christian Pol 6:3 (cp. Just., D. 35, 6).γ. bear/grant a favor χάριν τινὶ φέρειν (Il. 5, 211; Od. 5, 307; cp. Aeschyl., Ag. 421f; but not Andoc., De Reditu 9 ‘express gratitude’) ἐλπίσατε ἐπὶ τὴν φερομένην ὑμῖν χάριν ἐν ἀποκαλύψει Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ hope for the favor that is being granted you in connection w. the revelation of Jesus Christ (i.e. when he is revealed) 1 Pt 1:13.② to cause an entity to move from one position to another, w. focus on the presentation or effecting of someth.ⓐ a thing bring (on), produce (GrBar 12:7 φέρετε ‘bring here’ [what you have brought with you, s. 1aβ])α. bring (to), fetch τὶ someth. Mk 6:27, 28 (ἐπὶ πίνακι. On the bringing in of a head at a banquet cp. Diog. L. 9, 58: the presence of a severed head did not necessarily disturb the mood at a meal. Appian, Bell. Civ. 4, 20, §81 relates concerning Antony that he had the head of Cicero placed πρὸ τῆς τραπέζης); Lk 13:7 D; 15:22 v.l. for ἐξ-; Ac 4:34, 37; 5:2; 2 Ti 4:13; B 2:5; MPol 11:2; Hs 8, 1, 16 (w. double acc., of obj. and pred.); 9, 10, 1; δῶρα GJs 1:2; 5:1. Pass. Mt 14:11a (ἐπὶ πίνακι); Hv 3, 2, 7; 3, 5, 3; Hs 8, 2, 1ab; 9, 4, 7; 9, 6, 5–7; 9, 9, 4f. τινί τι (JosAs 16:1 φέρε δή μοι καὶ κηρίον μέλιτος; ApcMos 6) someth. to someone Mt 14:18 (w. ὧδε); Mk 12:15. θυσίαν τῷ θεῷ 1 Cl 4:1 (s. Gen 4:3; cp. Just., A I, 24, 2 θυσίας). The acc. is supplied fr. the context Mt 14:11b; J 2:8a. The dat. and acc. are to be supplied οἱ δὲ ἤνεγκαν Mk 12:16; J 2:8b. φέρειν πρός τινα w. acc. of the thing to be supplied (X., Cyr. 8, 3, 47; Ex 32:2) Hs 8, 4, 3; 9, 10, 2. φ. τι εἰς (1 Km 31:12) Rv 21:24, 26. μή τις ἤνεγκεν αὐτῷ φαγεῖν; do you suppose that anyone has brought him anything to eat? J 4:33. S. φόρος.β. Fig. bring (about) (Hom.+; Mitt-Wilck. I/2, 284, 11 [II B.C.] αἰσχύνην; PTebt 104, 30; POxy 497, 4; 1062, 14; Jos., Vi. 93, C. Ap. 1, 319; SibOr 3, 417; Just., A I, 27, 5 [βλάβην]) τὸ βάπτισμα τὸ φέρον ἄφεσιν the baptism which brings (about) forgiveness B 11:1.ⓑ a living being, animal or human, lead, bringα. animals (TestAbr A 2 p. 79, 8 [Stone p. 6] ἵππους; ibid. B 2 p. 106, 21 [Stone p. 60] μόσχον) Mk 11:2, 7 (πρός τινα); Lk 15:23; Ac 14:13 (ἐπὶ τ. πυλῶνας); GJs 4:3.β. people: bring or lead τινά someone ἀσθενεῖς Ac 5:16. κακούργους GPt 4:10. τινὰ ἐπὶ κλίνης (Jos., Ant. 17, 197) Lk 5:18. τινά τινι someone to someone Mt 17:17 (w. ὧδε); Mk 7:32; 8:22. Also τινὰ πρός τινα Mk 1:32; 2:3; 9:17, 19f. φέρουσιν αὐτὸν ἐπὶ τὸν Γολγοθᾶν τόπον 15:22 (TestAbr A 11 p. 88, 27 [Stone p. 24] ἐπὶ τὴν ἀνατολήν). ἄλλος οἴσει (σε) ὅπου οὐ θέλεις J 21:18.③ to cause to follow a certain course in direction or conduct, move out of position, drive, the pass. can be variously rendered: be moved, be driven, let oneself be movedⓐ lit., by wind and weather (Apollon. Rhod. 4, 1700; Chariton 3, 5, 1; Appian, Bell. Civ. 1, 62 §278 in spite of the storm Marius leaped into a boat and ἐπέτρεψε τῇ τύχῃ φέρειν let himself be driven away by fortune; Jer 18:14; PsSol 8:2 πυρὸς … φερομένου; TestNapht 6:5; Ar. 4, 2 ἄστρα … φερόμενα; Tat. 26, 1 τῆς νεὼς φερομένης) Ac 27:15, 17.—Move, pass (s. L-S-J-M s.v. φέρω B 1) φέρεσθαι δὲ διʼ αὐτοῦ … ἰχῶρας foul discharges were emitted … through it (Judas’s penis) Papias (3:2).ⓑ fig., of the Spirit of God, by whom people are moved (cp. Job 17:1 πνεύματι φερόμενος) ὑπὸ πνεύματος ἁγίου φερόμενοι 2 Pt 1:21b. Cp. Ac 15:29 D. τῇ πίστει φερόμενος ὁ Παῦλος AcPl Ha 5, 1. Of the impulse to do good Hs 6, 5, 7. Of the powers of evil (Ps.-Plut., Hom. 133 ὑπὸ ὀργῆς φερόμενοι; Jos., Bell. 6, 284; Ath. 25, 4) PtK 2 p. 14, 11; Dg 9:1; Hs 8, 9, 3.ⓒ also of the wind itself (Ptolem., Apotel. 1, 11, 3 οἱ φερόμενοι ἄνεμοι; Diog. L. 10, 104 τ. πνεύματος πολλοῦ φερομένου; Quint. Smyrn. 3, 718) φέρεσθαι rush Ac 2:2.ⓓ of various other entities: of fragrance φέρεσθαι ἐπί τινα be borne or wafted to someone (Dio Chrys. 66 [16], 6 ‘rush upon someone’) ApcPt 5:16.—Of writings (Diog. L. 5, 86 φέρεται αὐτοῦ [i.e. Heraclid. Pont.] συγγράμματα κάλλιστα; Marinus, Vi. Procli 38; cp. Arrian, Anab. 7, 12, 6 λόγος ἐφέρετο Ἀλεξάνδρου=a saying of Alexander was circulated) οὗ (=τοῦ Εἰρηναίου) πολλὰ συγγράμματα φέρεται of whom there are many writings in circulation EpilMosq 2.—Of spiritual development ἐπὶ τὴν τελειότητα φερώμεθα let us move on toward perfection Hb 6:1.④ to move an object to a particular point, put, place φέρειν τὸν δάκτυλον, τὴν χεῖρα put or reach out the finger, the hand J 20:27a (ὧδε), vs. 27b.⑤ to cause to continue in a state or condition, sustain, fig., of the Son of God φέρων τὰ πάντα τῷ ῥήματι τῆς δυνάμεως αὐτοῦ who bears up the universe by his mighty word Hb 1:3 (cp. Plut., Lucull. 6, 3 φέρειν τὴν πόλιν; Num 11:14; Dt 1:9).⑥ to afford passage to a place, lead to, of a gate, lead somewhere (cp. Hdt. 2, 122; Thu. 3, 24, 1 τὴν ἐς Θήβας φέρουσαν ὁδόν; Ps.-Demosth. 47, 53 θύρα εἰς τὸν κῆπον φέρουσα; SIG 1118, 5; POxy 99, 7; 17 [I A.D.]; 69, 1 [II A.D.] θύρα φέρουσα εἰς ῥύμην) τήν πύλην τὴν φέρουσαν εἰς τὴν πόλιν Ac 12:10 (X., Hell. 7, 2, 7 αἱ εἰς τὴν πόλιν φέρουσαι πύλαι; Diog. L. 6, 78 παρὰ τῇ πύλῃ τῇ φερούσῃ εἰς τὸν Ἰσθμόν; Jos., Ant. 9, 146).—See Fitzmyer s.v. ἄγω.⑦ to bring a thought or idea into circulation, bring, utter, make a word, speech, announcement, charge, etc. (TestAbr B 6 p. 110, 8/Stone p. 68 [ParJer 7:8] φάσιν ‘news’; Jos., Vi. 359, C. Ap. 1, 251; Just., A I, 54, 1 ἀπόδειξιν ‘proof’, A II, 12, 5 ἀπολογίαν), as a judicial expr. (cp. Demosth. 58, 22; Polyb. 1, 32, 4; PAmh 68, 62; 69; 72) κατηγορίαν J 18:29. Cp. Ac 25:7 v.l., 18 (Field, Notes 140); 2 Pt 2:11. Perh. this is the place for μᾶλλον ἑαυτῶν κατάγνωσιν φέρουσιν rather they blame themselves 1 Cl 51:2. διδαχήν 2J 10. ὑποδείγματα give or offer examples 1 Cl 55:1 (Polyb. 18, 13, 7 τὰ παραδείγματα). τοῦτο φέρεται ἐν this is brought out = this is recorded in EpilMosq 4.—Of a divine proclamation, whether direct or indirect (Diod S 13, 97, 7 τ. ἱερῶν φερόντων νίκην; Just., D. 128, 2 τοῦ πατρὸς ὁμιλίας [of the Logos]) 2 Pt 1:17, 18, 21a.⑧ to demonstrate the reality of someth., establish θάνατον ἀνάγκη φέρεσθαι τοῦ διαθεμένου the death of the one who made the will must be established Hb 9:16.⑨ to hold out in the face of difficulty, bear patiently, endure, put up with (X., An. 3, 1, 23; Appian, Samn. 10 §13 παρρησίαν φ.=put up with candidness, Iber. 78 §337; Jos., Ant. 7, 372; 17, 342; AssMos Fgm. j βλασφημίαν; Just., D. 18, 3 πάντα; Mel., HE 4, 26, 6 θανάτου τὸ γέρας) μαλακίαν 1 Cl 16:3 (Is 53:3). τὸν ὀνειδισμὸν αὐτοῦ (i.e. Ἰησοῦ) Hb 13:13 (cp. Ezk 34:29). τὸ διαστελλόμενον 12:20. εὐκλεῶς 1 Cl 45:5. Of God ἤνεγκεν ἐν πολλῇ μακροθυμίᾳ σκεύη ὀργῆς Ro 9:22. φῶς μέγα … ὥστε τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς μὴ φέρειν a light so bright that their eyes could not endure it GJs 19:2.⑩ to be productive, bear, produce of a plant and its fruits, lit. and in imagery (Hom. et al.; Diod S 9, 11, 1; Aelian, VH 3, 18 p. 48, 20; Jo 2:22; Ezk 17:8; Jos., Ant. 4, 100) Mt 7:18ab; Mk 4:8; J 12:24; 15:2abc, 4f, 8, 16; Hs 2:3f, 8.—B. 707. DELG. Schmidt, Syn. III 167–93. M-M. EDNT. TW.
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