-
61 line
I [laɪn]1) (mark) linea f., riga f., segno m.; (shorter, thicker) tratto m.; art. tratto m.; sport (on pitch, court) linea f.; mat. linea f.straight, curved line — linea retta, curva
to put a line through sth. — tirare una linea sopra qcs., barrare qcs.
starting line, finishing line — sport linea di partenza, d'arrivo
to cross the line — sport tagliare il traguardo
the line AB — (in geometry) il segmento AB
2) (of people, cars) fila f.; (of trees) fila f., filare m.; (of footprints) serie f.to stand in a line — essere o stare in fila
to be in line with — [ cooker] essere allineato con [ cupboard]
out of line — [ picture] storto, non allineato
3) fig.to be in line for promotion, for the post of — essere candidato alla promozione, al posto di
4) AE (queue) coda f.6) arch. sart. (outline shape) linea f.7) (boundary) linea f. di confine, confine m.state line — confine di stato, frontiera
8) (rope) corda f., filo m.; pesc. lenza f.9) el. (cable) linea f. (elettrica)10) tel. (connection) linea f.to be on the line to sb. — essere in linea con qcn.
to get off the line — colloq. riattaccare
12) (in genealogy) linea f., discendenza f.to trace one's line back to sb. — far risalire le proprie origini a qcn.
13) (in prose) riga f.; (in poetry) verso m.; (of music) rigo m.a line from — una citazione da [ poem]
to learn one's lines — teatr. imparare la parte
14) (conformity)to fall into line with — [ person] allinearsi, conformarsi a [ view]
to bring sth. into line with — conformare qcs. a
to keep sb. in line — fare rigare dritto qcn.
our prices are out of line with those of our competitors — i nostri prezzi non sono allineati a quelli dei nostri concorrenti
to be (way) out of line — [ remark] essere completamente fuori luogo
you're way out of line! — colloq. stai esagerando! hai proprio passato il limite!
15) colloq. (piece of information)to have a line on sb., sth. — avere delle informazioni su qcn., qcs.
16) (stance)to take a firm line with sb. — seguire la linea dura con qcn.
17) comm. linea f. (di prodotti)18) mil.19) (equator)20) colloq. (of cocaine) pista f.21) in line withto be in line with — essere in linea con [trend, view]
to increase in line with — aumentare proporzionalmente o parallelamente a
••all along the line, right down the line — su tutta la linea
II [laɪn]somewhere along the line — (at point in time) in un certo momento; (at stage) da qualche parte
1) (stand along) [ trees] fiancheggiare [ route]; [ spectators] essere disposto lungo [ street]2) (mark)to be lined with — essere segnato da [ worry]
•- line upIII [laɪn]* * *I 1. noun1) ((a piece of) thread, cord, rope etc: She hung the washing on the line; a fishing-rod and line.)2) (a long, narrow mark, streak or stripe: She drew straight lines across the page; a dotted/wavy line.)3) (outline or shape especially relating to length or direction: The ship had very graceful lines; A dancer uses a mirror to improve his line.)4) (a groove on the skin; a wrinkle.)5) (a row or group of objects or persons arranged side by side or one behind the other: The children stood in a line; a line of trees.)6) (a short letter: I'll drop him a line.)7) (a series or group of persons which come one after the other especially in the same family: a line of kings.)8) (a track or direction: He pointed out the line of the new road; a new line of research.)9) (the railway or a single track of the railway: Passengers must cross the line by the bridge only.)10) (a continuous system (especially of pipes, electrical or telephone cables etc) connecting one place with another: a pipeline; a line of communication; All (telephone) lines are engaged.)11) (a row of written or printed words: The letter contained only three lines; a poem of sixteen lines.)12) (a regular service of ships, aircraft etc: a shipping line.)13) (a group or class (of goods for sale) or a field of activity, interest etc: This has been a very popular new line; Computers are not really my line.)14) (an arrangement of troops, especially when ready to fight: fighting in the front line.)2. verb1) (to form lines along: Crowds lined the pavement to see the Queen.)2) (to mark with lines.)•- lineage- linear- lined- liner- lines- linesman
- hard lines!
- in line for
- in
- out of line with
- line up
- read between the lines II verb1) (to cover on the inside: She lined the box with newspaper.)2) (to put a lining in: She lined the dress with silk.)•- lined- liner- lining* * *I [laɪn]1) (mark) linea f., riga f., segno m.; (shorter, thicker) tratto m.; art. tratto m.; sport (on pitch, court) linea f.; mat. linea f.straight, curved line — linea retta, curva
to put a line through sth. — tirare una linea sopra qcs., barrare qcs.
starting line, finishing line — sport linea di partenza, d'arrivo
to cross the line — sport tagliare il traguardo
the line AB — (in geometry) il segmento AB
2) (of people, cars) fila f.; (of trees) fila f., filare m.; (of footprints) serie f.to stand in a line — essere o stare in fila
to be in line with — [ cooker] essere allineato con [ cupboard]
out of line — [ picture] storto, non allineato
3) fig.to be in line for promotion, for the post of — essere candidato alla promozione, al posto di
4) AE (queue) coda f.6) arch. sart. (outline shape) linea f.7) (boundary) linea f. di confine, confine m.state line — confine di stato, frontiera
8) (rope) corda f., filo m.; pesc. lenza f.9) el. (cable) linea f. (elettrica)10) tel. (connection) linea f.to be on the line to sb. — essere in linea con qcn.
to get off the line — colloq. riattaccare
12) (in genealogy) linea f., discendenza f.to trace one's line back to sb. — far risalire le proprie origini a qcn.
13) (in prose) riga f.; (in poetry) verso m.; (of music) rigo m.a line from — una citazione da [ poem]
to learn one's lines — teatr. imparare la parte
14) (conformity)to fall into line with — [ person] allinearsi, conformarsi a [ view]
to bring sth. into line with — conformare qcs. a
to keep sb. in line — fare rigare dritto qcn.
our prices are out of line with those of our competitors — i nostri prezzi non sono allineati a quelli dei nostri concorrenti
to be (way) out of line — [ remark] essere completamente fuori luogo
you're way out of line! — colloq. stai esagerando! hai proprio passato il limite!
15) colloq. (piece of information)to have a line on sb., sth. — avere delle informazioni su qcn., qcs.
16) (stance)to take a firm line with sb. — seguire la linea dura con qcn.
17) comm. linea f. (di prodotti)18) mil.19) (equator)20) colloq. (of cocaine) pista f.21) in line withto be in line with — essere in linea con [trend, view]
to increase in line with — aumentare proporzionalmente o parallelamente a
••all along the line, right down the line — su tutta la linea
II [laɪn]somewhere along the line — (at point in time) in un certo momento; (at stage) da qualche parte
1) (stand along) [ trees] fiancheggiare [ route]; [ spectators] essere disposto lungo [ street]2) (mark)to be lined with — essere segnato da [ worry]
•- line upIII [laɪn] -
62 limitar
v.1 to limit, to restrict.han limitado la velocidad máxima a cuarenta por hora they've restricted the speed limit to forty kilometers an houreste sueldo tan bajo me limita mucho I can't do very much on such a low salaryRicardo limitó las reglas Richard limited the rules.El médico limitó al paciente The doctor limited the patient.2 to mark out (terreno).3 to set out, to define (atribuciones, derechos).4 to border.* * *1 (gen) to limit1 to border with\■ una persona inteligente no se limita a ver la televisión an intelligent person does not restrict himself to watching television* * *verbto restrict, limit* * *1.VT (=restringir) to limit, restrictnos han limitado el número de visitas — they have limited o restricted the number of visits we can have
hay que limitar el consumo de alcohol entre los adolescentes — alcohol consumption among young people should be restricted
2.VI3.See:* * *1.verbo transitivo <funciones/derechos> to limit, restrict2.limitar vi3.limitarse v pronlimitarse a algo: el problema no se limita únicamente a las ciudades the problem is not just confined o limited to cities; me limité a repetir lo que tú habías dicho I just repeated what you'd said; limítate a hacerlo — just do it
* * *= bound, confine, constrain, limit, reduce, restrict, tie down, restrain, circumscribe, disable, box in, narrow down, border, fetter, hem + Nombre + in.Ex. Word is a character string bounded by spaces or other chosen characters.Ex. Until the mid nineteenth century the concept of authorship was confined to personal authors.Ex. Model II sees the process in terms of the system forcing or constraining the user to deviate from the 'real' problem.Ex. This limits the need for libraries to reclassify, but also restricts the revision of the Dewey Decimal Classification Scheme.Ex. The disadvantage of inversion of words is that inversion or indirect word order reduces predictability of form of headings.Ex. This is an example of a classification which is restricted to a specific physical form, as it is used to classify maps and atlases.Ex. There are many able people still tied down with the routine 'running' of their libraries.Ex. Use of the legal data bases is partly restrained by cost considerations, partly by the fact that their coverage is not exhaustive and partly by the reserved attitude of the legal profession and the judiciary.Ex. Traditional theories of management circumscribe the extent of employee participation in decision making.Ex. There are socializing factors which further disable those children who lack such basic support.Ex. What is important is that agencies face few barriers to disseminating information on the Web quickly rather than being boxed in by standardization requirements = Lo que es importante es que las agencias se encuentran pocas trabas para diseminar información en la web de una forma rápida más que verse restringidas por cuestiones de normalización.Ex. By specifying the fields to be searched, the user can narrow down the search in a very convenient way.Ex. The Pacific Rim encompasses an enormous geographical area composed of all of the nations bordering the Pacific Ocean, east and west, from the Bering Straits to Antarctica.Ex. Faculty tenure is designed to allow the scholar to proceed with his investigation without being fettered with concerns arising from loss of job and salary.Ex. The world of work is no longer constrained by the four physical dimensions of space and time that have hemmed us in for most of recorded history.----* limitar búsqueda = limit + search.* limitar con = border on.* limitar el debate a = keep + discussion + grounded on.* * *1.verbo transitivo <funciones/derechos> to limit, restrict2.limitar vi3.limitarse v pronlimitarse a algo: el problema no se limita únicamente a las ciudades the problem is not just confined o limited to cities; me limité a repetir lo que tú habías dicho I just repeated what you'd said; limítate a hacerlo — just do it
* * *= bound, confine, constrain, limit, reduce, restrict, tie down, restrain, circumscribe, disable, box in, narrow down, border, fetter, hem + Nombre + in.Ex: Word is a character string bounded by spaces or other chosen characters.
Ex: Until the mid nineteenth century the concept of authorship was confined to personal authors.Ex: Model II sees the process in terms of the system forcing or constraining the user to deviate from the 'real' problem.Ex: This limits the need for libraries to reclassify, but also restricts the revision of the Dewey Decimal Classification Scheme.Ex: The disadvantage of inversion of words is that inversion or indirect word order reduces predictability of form of headings.Ex: This is an example of a classification which is restricted to a specific physical form, as it is used to classify maps and atlases.Ex: There are many able people still tied down with the routine 'running' of their libraries.Ex: Use of the legal data bases is partly restrained by cost considerations, partly by the fact that their coverage is not exhaustive and partly by the reserved attitude of the legal profession and the judiciary.Ex: Traditional theories of management circumscribe the extent of employee participation in decision making.Ex: There are socializing factors which further disable those children who lack such basic support.Ex: What is important is that agencies face few barriers to disseminating information on the Web quickly rather than being boxed in by standardization requirements = Lo que es importante es que las agencias se encuentran pocas trabas para diseminar información en la web de una forma rápida más que verse restringidas por cuestiones de normalización.Ex: By specifying the fields to be searched, the user can narrow down the search in a very convenient way.Ex: The Pacific Rim encompasses an enormous geographical area composed of all of the nations bordering the Pacific Ocean, east and west, from the Bering Straits to Antarctica.Ex: Faculty tenure is designed to allow the scholar to proceed with his investigation without being fettered with concerns arising from loss of job and salary.Ex: The world of work is no longer constrained by the four physical dimensions of space and time that have hemmed us in for most of recorded history.* limitar búsqueda = limit + search.* limitar con = border on.* limitar el debate a = keep + discussion + grounded on.* * *limitar [A1 ]vt‹funciones/derechos/influencia› to limit, restrictlas disposiciones que limitan la tenencia de armas de fuego the regulations which restrict o limit the possession of firearmses necesario limitar su campo de acción restrictions o limits must be placed on his freedom of actionhabrá que limitar el número de intervenciones it will be necessary to limit o restrict the number of speakersle han limitado las salidas a dos días por semana he's restricted to going out twice a week■ limitarvilimitar CON algo to border ON sthEspaña limita al oeste con Portugal Spain borders on o is bounded by Portugal to the west, Spain shares a border with Portugal in the westlimitarse A algo:yo me limité a repetir lo que tú me habías dicho I just repeated o all I did was repeat what you'd said to meno hizo ningún comentario, se limitó a observar he didn't say anything, he merely o just stood watchinglimítate a hacer lo que te ordenan just confine yourself to o keep to what you've been told to doel problema no se limita únicamente a las grandes ciudades the problem is not just confined o limited to big citiestiene que limitarse a su sueldo she has to live within her means* * *
limitar ( conjugate limitar) verbo transitivo ‹funciones/derechos› to limit, restrict
verbo intransitivo limitar con algo [país/finca] to border on sth
limitarse verbo pronominal:◊ el problema no se limita a las ciudades the problem is not confined o limited to cities;
me limité a repetir lo dicho I just repeated what was said
limitar
I verbo transitivo to limit, restrict: tengo que limitar mis gastos, I have to limit my spending
II verbo intransitivo to border: limita al norte con Francia, at North it borders on France
' limitar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
constreñir
- tapiar
- lindar
English:
border on
- confine
- limit
- narrow down
- restrict
- border
* * *♦ vt1. [restringir] to limit, to restrict;quieren limitar el poder del presidente they want to limit o restrict the president's power;han limitado la velocidad máxima a cuarenta por hora they've restricted the speed limit to forty kilometres an hour;este sueldo tan bajo me limita mucho I can't do very much on such a low salary2. [terreno] to mark out;limitaron el terreno con una cerca they fenced off the land♦ vi* * *I v/t limit; ( restringir) limit, restrictII v/i:limitar con border on* * *limitar vtrestringir: to limit, to restrictlimitar vilimitar con : to border on* * *limitar vb1. (restringir) to limit2. (tener frontera) to borderEspaña limita con Francia Spain borders on France / Spain has a border with France -
63 internar
v.1 to send to boarding school.2 to take to the hospital.3 to put in a home, to intern, to send in, to put in an institution.El médico internó al paciente The doctor put away the patient.4 to take inside.5 to put under restraint, to shut in, to imprison.El juez internó al malhechor The judge imprisoned the wrongdoer.* * *1 (en un colegio) to send to boarding school; (en un hospital) to confine (en, to)1 (penetrar) to penetrate* * *verbto confine, commit* * *1. VT1) (=ingresar) (Mil) to intern; (Med) to admit (en to)2) (=enviar tierra adentro) to send inland2.See:* * *1.verbo transitivo2.está (como) para que lo internen — (esp CS fam) he should be certified (colloq)
internarse v prona) ( adentrarse)internarse en algo — <en bosque/espesura> to penetrate into something, to go deep into something
b) (CS) ( en hospital) to go into the hospital* * *1.verbo transitivo2.está (como) para que lo internen — (esp CS fam) he should be certified (colloq)
internarse v prona) ( adentrarse)internarse en algo — <en bosque/espesura> to penetrate into something, to go deep into something
b) (CS) ( en hospital) to go into the hospital* * *internar [A1 ]vtla internaron en un manicomio she was put in an asylumlo internaron en el hospital he was admitted to (the) hospital, he was hospitalizedvamos a tener que internarlo we are going to have to take him to (the) hospital1 (adentrarse) internarse EN algo:se internaron en el bosque they penetrated o went deep into the woods* * *
internar ( conjugate internar) verbo transitivo:
lo internaron en el hospital he was admitted to (the) hospital;
tuvimos que internarlo we had to take him to (the) hospital
internarse verbo pronominal
internar vtr (en un hospital) to admit
(en un manicomio) to confine
' internar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
asilar
English:
intern
- admit
- commit
- hospitalize
* * *♦ vt[en colegio] to send to boarding school (en at); [en manicomio] to commit (en to); [en campo de concentración] to intern (en in); RP [en hospital] to admit (en to);la internaron en un colegio muy prestigioso they sent her to a very prestigious boarding school* * *v/t1 POL intern2 MED admit (to hospital)* * *internar vt: to commit, to confine -
64 border
I 1. ['bɔːdə(r)]1) (frontier) confine m., frontiera f. ( between tra)to escape over o across the border scappare oltre il confine; our allies across the border — i nostri alleati oltrefrontiera
2) (edge) (of forest) margine m., limitare m.; (of estate) confine m.; (of lake, road) bordo m.3) (decorative edge) (on paper, cloth) bordo m.4) (in garden) bordura f.5) (limit) limite m.6) inform. (of window) bordo m.2. 3.modificatore [ control] alla frontiera; [post, police, town] di confine, di frontieraII ['bɔːdə(r)]2) (lie alongside) [ road] costeggiare [ lake]; [ land] confinare con [ forest]3) (surround) delimitare4) (edge)•* * *['bo:də] 1. noun1) (the edge of a particular thing: the border of a picture/handkerchief.) contorno, margine2) (the boundary of a country: They'll ask for your passport at the border.) frontiera3) (a flower bed round the edge of a lawn etc: a flower border.) aiuola2. verb((with on) to come near to or lie on the border of: Germany borders on France.) confinare con3. noun(the border between one thing and another: He was on the borderline between passing and failing.) limite* * *I 1. ['bɔːdə(r)]1) (frontier) confine m., frontiera f. ( between tra)to escape over o across the border scappare oltre il confine; our allies across the border — i nostri alleati oltrefrontiera
2) (edge) (of forest) margine m., limitare m.; (of estate) confine m.; (of lake, road) bordo m.3) (decorative edge) (on paper, cloth) bordo m.4) (in garden) bordura f.5) (limit) limite m.6) inform. (of window) bordo m.2. 3.modificatore [ control] alla frontiera; [post, police, town] di confine, di frontieraII ['bɔːdə(r)]2) (lie alongside) [ road] costeggiare [ lake]; [ land] confinare con [ forest]3) (surround) delimitare4) (edge)• -
65 shut
1. present participle - shutting; verb1) (to move (a door, window, lid etc) so that it covers or fills an opening; to move (a drawer, book etc) so that it is no longer open: Shut that door, please!; Shut your eyes and don't look.) cerrar2) (to become closed: The window shut with a bang.) cerrarse3) (to close and usually lock (a building etc) eg at the end of the day or when people no longer work there: The shops all shut at half past five; There's a rumour that the factory is going to be shut.) cerrar4) (to keep in or out of some place or keep away from someone by shutting something: The dog was shut inside the house.) encerrar
2. adjective(closed.) cerrado- shut off
- shut up
shut1 adj cerradoshut2 vb cerrar / cerrarsetr[ʃʌt]1 (gen) cerrar1 (gen) cerrar, cerrarse■ the shops shut at 5.30 pm las tiendas cierran a las 5.30 horas1 (closed) cerrado,-a\SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALLto shut one's ears to something hacer oídos sordos a algoto shut one's mouth/gobap/face cerrar el picoto shut the door in somebody's face dar a alguien con la puerta en las naricesto shut the door on something negarse a pensar en algo, no querer saber nada de algoto shut up shop cerrar (el negocio)1) close: cerrarshut the lid: tápalo2)to shut out exclude: excluir, dejar fuera a (personas), no dejar que entre (luz, ruido, etc.)3)to shut up confine: encerrarshut vi: cerrarsethe factory shut down: la fábrica cerró suspuertasadj.• cerrado, -a adj.pret., p.p.(Preterito definido y participio pasivo de "to shut")v.(§ p.,p.p.: shut) = candar v.• cerrar v.• tapar v.
I
1. ʃʌt1)a) \<\<window/book/eyes\>\> cerrar*she shut her finger in the door — se agarró or se pilló el dedo en la puerta
shut your mouth! — (colloq) cállate la boca! (fam), cierra el pico! (fam)
b) \<\<store/business\>\> cerrar*2) ( confine) encerrar*
2.
vi1) \<\<door/window\>\> cerrar(se)*2) (esp BrE) ( cease business - for day) cerrar*; (- permanently) cerrar* (sus puertas)•Phrasal Verbs:- shut in- shut off- shut out- shut up
II
adjective (pred)[ʃʌt] (pt, pp shut)to be shut — \<\<box/window/book\>\> estar* cerrado
1.VT cerrarshut the door/window please — cierra la puerta/ventana por favor
2.VI cerrarsewhat time do the shops shut? — ¿a qué hora cierran las tiendas?
- shut in- shut off- shut out- shut to- shut up* * *
I
1. [ʃʌt]1)a) \<\<window/book/eyes\>\> cerrar*she shut her finger in the door — se agarró or se pilló el dedo en la puerta
shut your mouth! — (colloq) cállate la boca! (fam), cierra el pico! (fam)
b) \<\<store/business\>\> cerrar*2) ( confine) encerrar*
2.
vi1) \<\<door/window\>\> cerrar(se)*2) (esp BrE) ( cease business - for day) cerrar*; (- permanently) cerrar* (sus puertas)•Phrasal Verbs:- shut in- shut off- shut out- shut up
II
adjective (pred)to be shut — \<\<box/window/book\>\> estar* cerrado
-
66 consigner
consigner [kɔ̃siɲe]➭ TABLE 1 transitive verba. to recordb. [+ troupe] to confine to barracksc. [+ emballage, bouteille] to put a deposit on* * *kɔ̃siɲe1) to record, to write [something] down [fait, souvenir]2) Armée to confine [soldat]; École to give [somebody] detention [élève]3) to consign [objet, marchandise]4) to charge a deposit on [bouteille]* * *kɔ̃siɲe vt1) [note, pensée] to record2) (= punir) MILITAIRE to confine to barracks, ÉDUCATION to put in detention3) [bagages] to put in left-luggage Grande-Bretagne to put in the checkroom USA4) COMMERCE, [emballage] to put a deposit on5) COMMERCE, [marchandises, somme] to deposit* * *consigner verb table: aimer vtr1 ( conserver par écrit) to record, to write [sth] down [fait, souvenir] (dans in);2 ( retenir dans un lieu) Mil to confine [soldat] (dans, à to); Scol to give [sb] detention [élève];3 ( mettre en dépôt) to consign [objet, marchandise].[kɔ̃siɲe] verbe transitif2. FINANCE [somme] to deposit3. [emballage] to put ou to charge a deposit on6. [interdire]consigner sa porte à quelqu'un (soutenu) to bar one's door to somebody, to refuse somebody admittance‘consigné à la troupe’ ‘out of bounds to troops’ -
67 séquestrer
séquestrer [sekεstʀe]➭ TABLE 1 transitive verbb. ( = saisir) [+ biens] to sequester* * *sekɛstʀe1) ( détenir) gén to hold [otage]; Droit to confine [somebody] illegally [personne]* * *sekɛstʀe vt1) [personne] to confine illegally2) [biens] to impound* * *séquestrer verb table: aimer vtr1 ( détenir) gén to hold [otage]; Jur to confine [sb] illegally [personne]; un mari qui séquestre sa femme a husband who keeps his wife locked away; séquestrer son patron dans son bureau to lock the boss in his office (in industrial dispute);[sekɛstre] verbe transitif1. [personne] to confine illegally2. DROIT [bien] to sequestrate -
68 confiner
kɔ̃fine
1.
1) ( enfermer)2) ( restreindre)
2.
confiner à verbe transitif indirect
3.
se confiner verbe pronominal to shut oneself away ou up* * *kɔ̃fine vt(= restreindre)confiner qn à; confiner qn dans — to confine sb to
* * *confiner verb table: aimerA vtr1 ( enfermer) confiner qn dans une pièce to confine sb to a room;2 ( restreindre) confiner qn à une tâche/un poste to restrict sb to a task/a post; ce phénomène n'est pas confiné à la France this phenomenon is not confined ou restricted to France.B confiner à vtr ind lit, fig to border on [territoire]; confiner à la caricature/l'absurde to border ou verge on caricature/the absurd.C se confiner vpr ( s'enfermer) to shut oneself away ou up (dans in); se confiner dans le silence to immure oneself in silence; se confiner dans un rôle to restrict oneself to a role.[kɔ̃fine] verbe transitif[reléguer] to confine————————confiner à verbe plus préposition1. (soutenu) [être voisin de - pays, maison] to border on2. (figuré) [être semblable à] to border ou to verge onpassion qui confine à la folie passion bordering ou verging on madness————————se confiner verbe pronominal(emploi réfléchi) [s'enfermer]se confiner dans son bureau to confine oneself to one's study, to shut oneself away in one's study————————se confiner à verbe pronominal plus préposition[se limiter à] to confine oneself ou to limit oneself ou to keep to -
69 borner
borner [bɔʀne]➭ TABLE 11. transitive verb[+ terrain] to mark out2. reflexive verb• se borner à faire qch/à qch ( = se limiter à) [personne] to confine o.s. to doing sth/to sth* * *bɔʀne
1.
1) ( marquer la limite de) Droit to mark out the boundaries of [propriété]; [rivière, montagne] to border [pays, région]2) ( limiter) to limit [ambition, désirs] ( à quelque chose to something; à faire to doing)
2.
se borner verbe pronominal1) ( se contenter)se borner à faire — [personne] to content oneself with doing
2) ( se limiter)notre rôle se borne à analyser — our role is limited to analysing [BrE]
* * *bɔʀne vt1) (= restreindre) to confine2) (= marquer la limite) to mark out, fig, [montagnes, forêt, chemin] to mark the boundary of* * *borner verb table: aimerA vtr1 Jur to mark out the boundaries of [propriété];2 lit [rivière, montagne] to border [pays, région];3 fig to limit [ambition, désirs] (à qch to sth; à faire to doing).B se borner vpr1 ( se contenter) se borner à faire [personne] to content oneself with doing; il s'est borné à déclarer/préciser que he contented himself with declaring/explaining that;2 ( se limiter) se borner à qch/à faire [rôle, fonctions] to be limited to sth/to doing; [personne] to limit oneself to sth/to doing; notre rôle se borne à analyser/évaluer our role is limited to analysingGB/evaluating; je me bornerai à dire que I'll just say that; je me suis bornée au strict nécessaire I kept it down to the absolute essentials.[bɔrne] verbe transitif————————se borner à verbe pronominal plus préposition1. [se limiter à] to be limited ou restricted tonos relations se sont bornées à quelques échanges sur le palier our relationship was never more than the odd conversation on the landing2. [se contenter de] to limit ou to restrict oneself to -
70 enfermer
enfermer [ɑ̃fεʀme]➭ TABLE 11. transitive verb2. reflexive verb► s'enfermer to shut o.s. in• je me suis enfermé ! (à l'intérieur) I've locked myself in! ; (à l'extérieur) I've locked myself out!* * *ɑ̃fɛʀme
1.
1) ( dans un lieu) to shut [something] in [animal]; ( à clé) to lock [something] up [bijou] ( dans in); to lock [somebody] up, to put [somebody] away (colloq) [criminel, aliéné] ( dans in)elle est bonne à enfermer — (colloq) she's stark raving mad (colloq)
2) ( bloquer)3) ( contenir)4) Armée, Sport to box [somebody] in [adversaire]
2.
s'enfermer verbe pronominal1) gén to lock oneself in; ( pour s'isoler) to shut oneself away; ( accidentellement) to get locked inça fait deux heures qu'ils sont enfermés dans le bureau à discuter — they've been closeted in the study for two hours
2) ( se confiner)* * *ɑ̃fɛʀme vt1) [animaux] to shut up2) (= interner) to lock up3) (= mettre sous clef) [marchandises] to lock up* * *enfermer verb table: aimerA vtr1 ( dans un lieu) to shut [sth] in [animal]; ( à clé) to lock [sth] up [argent, bijou] (dans in); to lock [sb] up, to put [sb] away○ [criminel, aliéné] (dans in); garder son sac enfermé dans un tiroir to keep one's bag locked in a drawer; elle est bonne à enfermer○ she's stark raving mad○, she ought to be locked up;2 ( bloquer) enfermer qn dans un rôle to confine sb to a role; enfermer qn dans une situation to trap sb in a situation; enfermer qn dans un dilemme to put sb in a dilemma; se laisser enfermer dans une position to get oneself into a corner; se laisser enfermer dans un piège to get trapped; être enfermé dans une image to be a prisoner of one's image; être enfermé dans le cycle du chômage to be locked into a pattern of unemployment;3 ( contenir) enfermer une théorie en une seule formule to encapsulate a theory in a single formula; enfermer une notion dans un cadre contraignant to impose a restrictive framework on an idea;B s'enfermer vpr1 gén to lock oneself in; ( pour s'isoler) to shut oneself away; ( accidentellement) to get locked in; il s'enferme dans sa chambre pour travailler he shuts himself in his room to work; j'ai failli m'enfermer dans la cave I nearly got locked in the cellar; tu ne vas pas t'enfermer tout l'été! I hope you're not going to spend the whole summer cooped up indoors!; ne reste pas enfermé toute la journée! don't stay cooped up indoors all day!; ça fait deux heures qu'ils sont enfermés dans le bureau à discuter they've been closeted in the study for two hours;2 ( se confiner) s'enfermer dans to retreat into; s'enfermer dans le cynisme to retreat into cynicism; s'enfermer dans le mutisme to remain obstinately silent; s'enfermer dans ses préjugés to be stubbornly prejudiced; s'enfermer dans ses positions to be completely intransigent; être enfermé dans ses pensées to be wrapped up in one's own thoughts.[ɑ̃fɛrme] verbe transitif1. [mettre dans un lieu clos - personne, animal] to shut up ou in (separable)2. [emprisonner - criminel] to lock up ou away (separable), to put under lock and key ; [ - fou] to lock upce type-là, il faudrait l'enfermer!a. (familier) [dangereux] that guy ought to be locked up!b. [fou] that guy needs his head examined!3. [ranger] to put ou to shut away (separable)[en verrouillant] to lock up ou away (separable)ne restez pas enfermés, voilà le soleil! don't stay indoors, the sun's come out!5. [entourer] to enclose6. [contenir - allusion, menace] to containun triangle enfermé dans un cercle a triangle circumscribed by ou in a circle————————s'enfermer verbe pronominal (emploi réfléchi)1. [se cloîtrer - dans un couvent] to shut oneself up ou aways'enfermer dehors to lock ou to shut oneself out3. [s'isoler] to shut oneself away -
71 trap
1. noun1) (lit. or fig.) Falle, dieset a trap for an animal — eine Falle für ein Tier legen od. [auf]stellen
set a trap for somebody — (fig.) jemandem eine Falle stellen
fall into a/somebody's trap — (fig.) in die/jemandem in die Falle gehen
3) (carriage) (leichter zweirädriger) Einspänner2. transitive verb,- pp-1) (catch) [in od. mit einer Falle] fangen [Tier]; (fig.) in eine Falle locken [Person]be trapped — (fig.) in eine Falle gehen/in der Falle sitzen
be trapped in a cave/by the tide — in einer Höhle festsitzen/von der Flut abgeschnitten sein
she trapped him into contradicting himself — sie brachte ihn durch eine List dazu, sich zu widersprechen
2) (confine) einschließen; (immobilize) einklemmen [Person, Körperteil]trap one's finger/foot — sich (Dat.) den Finger/Fuß einklemmen
3) (entangle) verstricken* * *[træp] 1. noun2) (a plan or trick for taking a person by surprise: She led him into a trap; He fell straight into the trap.) die Falle2. verb(to catch in a trap or by a trick: He lives by trapping animals and selling their fur; She trapped him into admitting that he liked her.) fangen- academic.ru/76335/trapper">trapper- trap-door* * *trap1[træp]I. nto set a \trap eine Falle aufstellenoh, shut your \trap! ach, halt's Maul! derbto keep one's \trap shut die Schnauze halten derbII. vt<- pp->1. (snare)▪ to \trap an animal ein Tier [in einer Falle] fangen▪ to be \trapped eingeschlossen seinto feel \trapped sich akk gefangen fühlenJack left the job because he was beginning to feel \trapped Jack kündigte, weil er begann sich eingeengt zu fühlen3. (trick)▪ to \trap sb jdn in die Falle locken▪ to \trap sb into sth/doing sth jdn dazu bringen, etw zu tun4. (catch and hold)to \trap the ball SPORT den Ball stoppento \trap one's finger/foot in the door sich dat den Finger/Fuß in der Tür einklemmento \trap a nerve sich dat einen Nerv einklemmentrap2[træp]* * *[trp]1. n1) (for animal fig) Falle fbe careful of this question, there is a trap in it — pass bei dieser Frage auf, da ist ein Haken dabei
the lawyer had caught him in a trap — er war dem Rechtsanwalt in die Falle gegangen
to fall into the trap of doing sth — den Fehler begehen, etw zu tun
4) (Brit: vehicle) zweirädriger Pferdewagen5) Falltür f; (THEAT) Versenkung fshut your trap! — (halt die) Klappe! (inf), halt die Fresse (vulg) or Schnauze
keep your trap shut about this — darüber hältst du aber die Klappe (inf), halt ja die Schnauze! (inf)
2. vt1) animal (mit einer Falle) fangenhe realized he was trapped — er merkte, dass er in der Falle saß
to trap sb into saying sth —
I was trapped into saying I would organize the party — ich hatte mich darauf eingelassen, die Party zu organisieren
she trapped him into marriage — sie hat ihn geködert (inf), sie hat ihn ins Netz gelockt
3) (= block off, leave no way of escape) in die Enge treibenthe ship was trapped in the port by the storm — das Schiff saß wegen des Sturms im Hafen fest
to be trapped in the snow — im Schnee festsitzen
the soldiers found themselves trapped at the end of the gully — am Ende des Hohlweges stellten die Soldaten fest, dass sie in der Falle saßen
he feels trapped in his marriage —
4) (= catch) ball stoppento trap one's finger/one's foot in the door — sich (dat) den Finger/Fuß in der Tür einklemmen
to trap a nerve — sich (dat) einen Nerv (ein)klemmen
5) gas, liquid stauenpools of water lay trapped among the rocks as the tide receded — als die Flut zurückging, blieben Wasserpfützen zwischen den Felsen zurück
3. vi(trapper) Trapper sein* * *trap1 [træp]A s1. JAGD Falle f (auch fig):a) eine Falle für ein Tier aufstellen,b) jemandem eine Falle stellen;set traps for mice Mäusefallen aufstellen;2. CHEM (Ab)Scheider m3. TECHa) Auffangvorrichtung fb) Dampf-, Wasserverschluss mc) (Sperr)Klappe fd) Traps m, Geruchsverschluss m (im Klosett)4. ELEK (Funk)Sperrkreis m5. pl MUS sl Schießbude f (Schlagzeug)10. Br ein leichter zweirädriger Einspänner11. sl Schnauze f, Fresse f:keep one’s trap shut die Schnauze haltenB v/t2. einschließen:be trapped under an avalanche unter einer Lawine begraben sein3. fig in eine Falle locken:they trapped him into admitting that … er ging ihnen auf den Leim und gab zu, dass …4. Fallen aufstellen in (dat)5. TECHb) Gas etc abfangenC v/i Fallen aufstellentrap2 [træp] s2. pl umga) Siebensachen plb) Gepäck ntrap3 [træp] s GEOL Trapp m (treppenartig übereinanderliegender Basalt)* * *1. noun1) (lit. or fig.) Falle, dieset a trap for an animal — eine Falle für ein Tier legen od. [auf]stellen
set a trap for somebody — (fig.) jemandem eine Falle stellen
fall into a/somebody's trap — (fig.) in die/jemandem in die Falle gehen
3) (carriage) (leichter zweirädriger) Einspänner2. transitive verb,- pp-1) (catch) [in od. mit einer Falle] fangen [Tier]; (fig.) in eine Falle locken [Person]be trapped — (fig.) in eine Falle gehen/in der Falle sitzen
be trapped in a cave/by the tide — in einer Höhle festsitzen/von der Flut abgeschnitten sein
she trapped him into contradicting himself — sie brachte ihn durch eine List dazu, sich zu widersprechen
2) (confine) einschließen; (immobilize) einklemmen [Person, Körperteil]trap one's finger/foot — sich (Dat.) den Finger/Fuß einklemmen
3) (entangle) verstricken* * *v.einfangen v.fangen v.(§ p.,pp.: fing, gefangen)verschließen v. n.Falle -n f.Fallgrube f.Fallstrick m. -
72 kahlehtia
yks.nom. kahlehtia; yks.gen. kahlehdin; yks.part. kahlehti; yks.ill. kahlehtisi; mon.gen. kahlehtikoon; mon.part. kahlehtinut; mon.ill. kahlehdittiinchain (verb)enthral (verb)entrammel (verb)fatter (verb)fetter (verb)shackle (verb)trammel (verb)* * *• fetter• bind• put in irons• chain• trammel• tie down• fasten• secure• manacle• fatter• enthral• enslave• enchain• confine• confine to• shackle -
73 rajoittua
yks.nom. rajoittua; yks.gen. rajoitun; yks.part. rajoittui; yks.ill. rajoittuisi; mon.gen. rajoittukoon; mon.part. rajoittunut; mon.ill. rajoituttiinabut (verb)be bounded (verb)be confined (verb)be limited (verb)border (verb)border on (verb)restrict oneself (verb)* * *• restrict• restrict oneself• limit oneself• limit o.s.• confine• border upon• border• be restricted• be limited• be confined• be bounded• abut• confine oneself• border on -
74 sperren
I v/t1. (Straße) block; amtlich: close ( für den Verkehr to traffic); durch Absperrmannschaften: cordon off; (Brücke, Hafen etc.) close4. DRUCK. space (out)5. (Warenverkehr) put an embargo on; (Gas, Telefon, Strom etc.) cut off; (Löhne, Zahlungen) stop, freeze; (Konto) block; (Scheck) stop, cancel; (Kreditkarte) cancel; fig. (verbieten) ban, prohibit; SPORT (jemanden) durch Spiel- oder Startverbot: suspend, disqualify; jemanden wegen Dopings zwei Jahre sperren suspend s.o. for two years for drug-taking; er wird für das nächste Spiel gesperrt he is banned for the next game; gesperrtII v/refl fig. ba(u)lk (gegen etw. at s.th.), resist (s.th.); warum sperrt er sich denn immer? why is he always so negative?III v/i bes. südd., österr. (klemmen) jam* * *(Scheck) to stop;(Sportler) to suspend; to disqualify; to ban;(Straße) to block; to barricade; to close;(Versorgungsleitung) to cut off* * *spẹr|ren ['ʃpɛrən]1. vt1) (= schließen) Grenze, Hafen, Straße, Brücke, Tunnel etc to close; Platz, Gegend to close (off); (TECH) to locketw für jdn/etw sperren — to close sth to sb/sth
2) (COMM) Konto, Gelder to block, to freeze; Scheck, Kreditkarte to stop; (COMPUT) Datensätze, Zugriff to lock3) (SPORT = ausschließen) to ban4) (SPORT = behindern) Gegner to obstruct, to block5) (= verbieten) Einfuhr, Ausfuhr to ban6) (= abstellen) Gas, Strom, Telefon to cut off, to disconnectjdm den Strom/das Telefon sperren — to cut off or disconnect sb's electricity/telephone
7)(= einschließen)
sperren — to shut or lock sb in sth2. vrjetzt lass dir doch auch einmal etwas schenken und sperr dich nicht so — can't you just accept a present for once and not be so ungracious
3. vi1) (=nicht schließen Tür, Fenster) to stick, to jam; (= blockiert sein Räder) to lock* * *sper·ren[ˈʃpɛrən]I. vt▪ etw [für jdn/etw] \sperren to close sth off [to sb/sth]2. (blockieren) to blockjdm das Konto \sperren to freeze sb's accounteinen Scheck \sperren to stop a check▪ jdn \sperren to ban sb5. (verbieten)jdm den Ausgang \sperren to confine sbeinem Kind den Ausgang \sperren to ground a childjdm den Urlaub \sperren to stop sb's [or sb from taking his/her] holidayII. vrsperr dich nicht länger, sag ja stop pussyfooting, just say yes* * *1.transitives Verbetwas für jemanden/etwas sperren — close something to somebody/ something
2) (blockieren) block <access, entrance, etc.>3) (Technik) lock <mechanism etc.>4) cut off, disconnect <water, gas, electricity, etc.>jemandem den Strom/das Telefon sperren — cut off or disconnect somebody's electricity/telephone
6) (einsperren)ein Tier/jemanden in etwas (Akk.) sperren — shut or lock an animal/somebody in something
jemanden ins Gefängnis sperren — put somebody in prison; lock somebody up [in prison]
7) (Sport): (behindern) obstruct8) (Sport): (von der Teilnahme ausschließen) ban2.reflexives Verb3.sich [gegen etwas] sperren — balk or jib [at something]
intransitives Verb (Sport) obstruct* * *A. v/t3. (einsperren) lock up;in eine Einzelzelle sperren put in solitary confinement4. TYPO space (out)5. (Warenverkehr) put an embargo on; (Gas, Telefon, Strom etc) cut off; (Löhne, Zahlungen) stop, freeze; (Konto) block; (Scheck) stop, cancel; (Kreditkarte) cancel; fig (verbieten) ban, prohibit; SPORT (jemanden) durch Spiel- oder Startverbot: suspend, disqualify;jemanden wegen Dopings zwei Jahre sperren suspend sb for two years for drug-taking;Sperren ohne Ball obstruction off the ballB. v/r fig ba(u)lk (gegen etwas at sth), resist (sth);warum sperrt er sich denn immer? why is he always so negative?C. v/i besonders südd, österr (klemmen) jam* * *1.transitives Verbetwas für jemanden/etwas sperren — close something to somebody/ something
2) (blockieren) block <access, entrance, etc.>3) (Technik) lock <mechanism etc.>4) cut off, disconnect <water, gas, electricity, etc.>jemandem den Strom/das Telefon sperren — cut off or disconnect somebody's electricity/telephone
6) (einsperren)ein Tier/jemanden in etwas (Akk.) sperren — shut or lock an animal/somebody in something
jemanden ins Gefängnis sperren — put somebody in prison; lock somebody up [in prison]
7) (Sport): (behindern) obstruct8) (Sport): (von der Teilnahme ausschließen) ban2.reflexives Verb3.sich [gegen etwas] sperren — balk or jib [at something]
intransitives Verb (Sport) obstruct* * *(Druckt.) v.to space out v. v.to ban v.to barricade v.to inhibit v.to interlock v.to put (clamp)the lid on something (US) expr.to suspend v. -
75 tenir
tenir [t(ə)niʀ]━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━➭ TABLE 22━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► Lorsque tenir fait partie d'une locution comme tenir compagnie, tenir chaud, reportez-vous aussi à l'autre mot.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━1. <b. ( = maintenir dans un certain état) to keepc. ( = gérer) [+ hôtel, magasin, comptes, maison, ménage] to keepd. ( = détenir) to have• si je le tenais ! just let me get my hands on him!• parfait, je tiens mon article great, now I have my article• qu'est-ce qu'il tient ! (inf) ( = il est ivre) he's plastered (inf!) ; ( = il est idiot) he's such an idiot!e. ( = contrôler) [+ enfant, classe] to have under controlf. ( = organiser) [+ séance, réunion, conférence] to hold• il tenait sa droite [conducteur] he was keeping to the righth. ( = contenir) [récipient] to hold• avec tout ce travail, est-ce qu'il pourra tenir le coup ? with all that work will he be able to cope?j. ( = respecter) [+ promesse, pari, planning] to keep tok. (locutions)► tenir qn/qch pour ( = considérer comme) to regard sb/sth as• elle le tient pour responsable de l'accident she holds him responsible for the accident► tenir qch de qn to get sth from sb• tiens, voilà mon frère ! oh, there's my brother!• tiens, tiens ! well, well!2. <a. ( = rester en place) [objet fixe, nœud, clou] to hold ; [objets empilés, échafaudage] to stay up• la branche est cassée mais elle tient encore the branch is broken but it's still attached to the treeb. ( = durer) [accord, beau temps, coiffure] to hold ; [couleur] to be fast ; [mariage, fleurs] to last• ça tient toujours, notre pique-nique ? (inf) is our picnic still on?c. ( = résister) to hold out• il fait trop chaud, on ne tient plus ici it's too hot - we can't stand it here any longer• à cette table, on peut tenir à huit this table can seat eight3. <• tenir à ( = être attaché à) [+ réputation, opinion de qn] to care about ; [+ objet, personne] to be fond of ; ( = avoir pour cause) to be due to• tu veux aller au cinéma ? -- je n'y tiens pas do you want to go to the cinema? -- not particularly• il tient à ce que nous sachions... he is anxious that we should know...• tu viens avec nous ? -- si tu y tiens are you coming with us? -- if you really want me to• à quoi ça tient ? why is that?• tenir de ( = ressembler à) [+ parent] to take after4. <( = dépendre de) to depend► qu'à cela ne tienne ! no problem!5. <b. ( = être dans une position) se tenir debout to be standing up• redresse-toi, tu te tiens mal stand up straight, you're slouchingc. ( = se conduire) to behave• il n'a qu'à bien se tenir ! he'd better behave himself!d. ( = avoir lieu) [conférence, réunion] to be held ; [festival] to take placee. ( = être cohérent) [raisonnement] to hold togetherf. (locutions)► tiens-toi bien ! wait till you hear the next bit!• tu sais combien elle a gagné ? tiens-toi bien: 3 millions ! do you know how much she won? you won't believe it! - 3 million!► s'en tenir à ( = se limiter à) to confine o.s. to ; ( = se satisfaire de) to content o.s. with• je sais à quoi m'en tenir sur son compte I know the sort of man he is► se tenir pour ( = se considérer comme)• tenez-vous-le pour dit ! (avertissement) you've been warned!* * *təniʀ
1.
1) ( serrer) to holdtiens! — ( voici) here you are!; ( écoute-moi) look!
tiens! c'est pour toi — ( voici un cadeau) here, it's for you; ( voici une gifle) take that!
2) ( avoir sous son contrôle) to keep [somebody] under control3) Armée to hold4) ( avoir attrapé) to holdje te tiens! — I've caught ou got you!
pendant que je te tiens — fig whilst I've got you
tenir une grippe — (colloq) to have flu GB ou the flu US
5) ( posséder) to have [renseignements]6) ( avoir la charge de) to hold [emploi]; to run [boutique, maison, journal]; to be in charge of [standard, bureau d'accueil]7) ( garder) to keep‘tenir hors de portée des enfants’ — ‘keep out of reach of children’
tenir une note — Musique to hold a note
8) ( conserver une position)9) ( maintenir en place) to hold down [chargement]; to hold up [pantalon, chaussettes]10) ( ne pas s'écarter de) to keep to [trajectoire]11) ( résister)tenir la mer — [navire] to be seaworthy
tenir le coup — (physiquement, moralement) to hold out
tenir le choc — [matériel] to withstand the impact; [personne] to stand the strain
12) ( contenir) to hold [quantité, litres]13) ( occuper) [objet] to take up [espace, volume]; [personne] to hold [rôle, position]14) ( considérer)tenir quelqu'un/quelque chose pour responsable — to hold somebody/something responsible
2.
tenir à verbe transitif indirecttenir à — to be fond of, to like
tenir à sa réputation/à la vie — to value one's reputation/one's life
2) ( vouloir)3) ( être dû à)
3.
tenir de verbe transitif indirect1) ( ressembler à)il a de qui tenir — (colloq) you can (just) see who he takes after ou where he gets it from
2) ( s'apparenter à)
4.
verbe intransitif1) ( rester en place) [attache, corde, étagère, barrage, soufflé] to hold; [timbre, colle, sparadrap] to stick (à to); [assemblage, bandage] to stay in place; [coiffure] to stay tidy; [mise en plis] to stay in2) ( résister)tenir (bon) — ( surmonter les conditions) to hold out; ( refuser de capituler) gén to hang on; Armée to hold out; ( ne pas relâcher sa prise) [personne] to hang on
tenir sans cigarettes jusqu'à la fin de la réunion — to last without cigarettes till the end of the meeting
il n'y a pas de télévision qui tienne — (colloq) there's no question of watching television
3) ( durer)la couleur n'a pas tenu — the colour [BrE] has faded
4) ( rester valable) [théorie, argument] to hold good; [alibi] to stand up5) ( être contenu) [personnes, objets] to fit ( dans into)tenir en hauteur/largeur/longueur — to be short enough/narrow enough/short enough ( dans for)
5.
se tenir verbe pronominal1) ( soi-même) to hold2) ( l'un l'autre)3) ( s'accrocher) to hold ontiens-toi or tenez-vous bien — (colloq) fig prepare yourself for a shock
4) ( demeurer)se tenir accroupi/allongé — to be squatting/stretched out
se tenir tranquille — ( immobile) to keep still; ( silencieux) to keep quiet; ( dans la légalité) to behave oneself
se tenir immobile — ( debout) to stand still
5) ( se comporter) to behave6) ( avoir une posture)se tenir bien/mal — to have (a) good posture/(a) bad posture
tiens-toi droit! — ( debout) stand up straight!; ( assis) sit straight!
7) ( avoir lieu) [manifestation, exposition] to be held8) ( être liés) [événements] to fit together9) ( être cohérent) [raisonnement, œuvre] to hold together10) ( se considérer)tenez-vous le pour dit! — (colloq) I don't want to have to tell you again!
11) ( être fidèle)12) ( se limiter)
6.
verbe impersonnel
7.
tiens exclamation oh!tiens (donc), vous voilà! — oh, there you are!
tiens, vous croyez? — do you think so?
tiens donc! — iron fancy that!
tiens tiens (tiens)! — well, well!
* * *t(ə)niʀ1. vt1) (avec sa main) to holdTu peux tenir la lampe, s'il te plaît? — Can you hold the torch, please?
Il tenait un enfant par la main. — He was holding a child by the hand.
2) (= gérer) [magasin, hôtel] to run3) [promesse, engagement] to keep4) (= considérer)5) (= occuper)6) (= résister à)7) (= garder, maintenir)Tenez votre chien en laisse. — Keep your dog on the lead.
8) (= avoir reçu)tenir qch de qn [histoire] — to have heard sth from sb, [qualité, défaut] to have inherited sth from sb, to have got sth from sb
2. vi1) (= ne pas se défaire) [noeud, joint] to hold2) (= ne pas disparaître) [neige, gel] to last3) (= résister) (= survivre) to survivetiens, voilà le stylo! — there's the pen!
5) (exclamatif)Tiens, c'est Alain là-bas! — Look, that's Alain over there!
6)tenir à [ami, objet] — to be attached to, to care for
Il tient beaucoup à elle. — He's very attached to her., (= avoir pour cause) to be due to, to stem from, (= dépendre de)
tenir à faire — to really want to do, to be determined to do
Elle tient à y aller. — She's determined to go.
7)tenir de (= relever de) — to partake of, (= ressembler à) to take after
Il tient de son père. — He takes after his father.
* * *tenir verb table: venirA vtr1 ( serrer) to hold [objet, personne, animal]; tiens-moi ça hold this (for me); tiens-moi hold me; tiens-moi la main hold my hand; tenir qn par la main/le bras to hold sb's hand/arm; tenir un enfant contre sa poitrine to hold a child to one's breast; tenir qch à la main/dans ses mains to hold sth in one's hand/in one's hands; tenir un couteau par le manche to hold a knife by the handle; tenir la rampe to hold onto the banister; tenir son chien to hold one's dog; tenir fermement qch to hold sth firmly ou tightly; tenir qch serré sous le bras to hold sth firmly ou tightly under one's arm; tiens!, tenez! ( voici) here you are!; ( écoutez-moi) look!; tiens! c'est pour toi ( voici un cadeau) here, it's for you; ( voici une gifle) take that!; si je le tenais! if I could get or lay my hands on him!; bien tenir to hold on to [portefeuille, chien]; faire tenir une lettre/un message à qn† to dispatch a letter/a message to sb; ⇒ deux;2 ( avoir sous son contrôle) to keep [sb] under control [élèves, enfants]; tenir sa classe to control one's class well; tenir son cheval Équit to keep one's horse well in hand; il nous tient he's got a hold on us;3 Mil (occuper, contrôler) to hold [colline, pont, ville]; tenir la première place Sport to be in first place;4 ( avoir attrapé) to hold [animal, coupable, meurtrier]; je te tiens! I've caught ou got you!; pendant que je te tiens fig whilst I've got you; tenir une grippe○ to have flu GB ou the flu US;5 ( posséder) to have [preuves, renseignements]; il tient le sujet de son prochain roman he's got the subject of his next novel; tenir qch de qn to get sth from sb [trait physique, caractère, information]; il tient ses yeux bleus de son père he gets his blue eyes from his father; il tient ses informations d'un ami he got his information from a friend; je tiens cette nouvelle de Paul I got this news from Paul; d'où or de qui tenez-vous ce renseignement? where did you get that information?; d'où tenez-vous cette certitude? what makes you so certain?; elle tient ses bijoux de sa mère she inherited her jewels from her mother;6 ( avoir la charge de) to hold [emploi, poste, assemblée]; to run [café, boutique, maison, journal, municipalité]; to be in charge of, to be on duty on [standard, bureau d'accueil]; bien tenir sa maison to keep one's house spick and span; tenir la comptabilité to keep the books;7 ( garder) to keep; tenir qn occupé to keep sb busy; tenir sa chambre propre to keep one's room tidy; tenir les aliments au frais to keep food in a cool place; ‘tenir hors de portée des enfants’ ‘keep out of reach of children’; tenir un accord secret to keep an agreement secret; tenir la porte fermée to keep the door closed; tenir une note Mus to hold a note; tenir un article† to carry an item; tenir les cours† Fin to maintain prices;8 ( conserver une position) tenir sa tête droite/immobile to hold one's head upright/still; tenir les bras écartés to hold one's arms apart; tenir les mains/les bras en l'air to hold up one's hands/one's arms; tenir les yeux ouverts/baissés to keep one's eyes open/lowered; tenir les poings serrés to keep one's fists clenched;9 ( maintenir en place) to hold down [chargement]; to hold up [pantalon, chaussettes]; tenir la porte fermée avec son pied to hold the door shut with one's foot;10 ( ne pas s'écarter de) to keep to [trajectoire]; to keep [rythme] ; tenir sa droite/sa gauche to keep to the right/to the left; tenir le large to stay in open waters;11 ( résister) ne pas tenir la comparaison not to bear comparison; tenir l'eau to be waterproof; tenir la mer [navire] to be seaworthy; tenir le coup (physiquement, moralement) to hold out; tenir le choc lit [matériel, appareil, verre] to withstand the impact; [personne] to stand the strain;12 ( contenir) to hold [quantité]; tenir vingt litres to hold twenty litresGB; ma voiture ne tient que deux personnes there's room for only two people in my car;13 ( occuper) [objet] to take up [espace, place, volume]; [personne] to hold [rôle, position]; tenir peu de place not to take up much room; tenir la place de deux personnes to take up as much room as two people; le monument tient le centre de la place the monument stands in the centreGB of the square;14 ( considérer) tenir qch pour sacré to hold sth sacred; tenir qn pour responsable to hold sb responsible; je le tiens pour un lâche I consider him (to be) a coward; je tiens mes renseignements pour exacts I consider my information to be correct; tenir qn pour mort to give sb up for dead; tenir pour certain que to regard it as certain that.B tenir à vtr ind1 ( avoir de l'attachement pour) tenir à to be fond of, to like [personne, objet]; tenir à sa réputation/à la vie to value one's reputation/one's life; il tient à son argent he can't bear to be parted from his money; tenir à son indépendance to like one's independence; tenir au corps [aliment] to be nourishing;2 ( vouloir) j'y tiens I insist; si vous y tenez if you insist; tenir à faire to want to do; elle tient à vous parler she insists on speaking to you; je ne tiens pas à faire I'd rather not do; tenir à ce que qn fasse to insist that sb should do; je ne tiens pas à ce qu'elle fasse I'd rather she didn't do; je tiens beaucoup à la revoir I'd really like to see her again; il tient à rentrer avant la nuit he's anxious to get home before dark; nous tenons absolument à vous avoir à dîner bientôt you really must come to dinner soon; ne reste pas si tu n'y tiens pas don't stay if you don't want to;3 ( être dû à) tenir à to be due to; la mauvaise récolte tient au manque d'eau the poor harvest is due to a lack of water; tes erreurs tiennent à ton inexpérience your mistakes are due to your lack of experience.C tenir de vtr ind1 ( ressembler à) tenir de to take after; tenir de sa mère/son père to take after one's mother/one's father; il a de qui tenir○ you can (just) see who he takes after ou where he gets it from; de qui peut-elle tenir pour être si méchante? where does she get her nastiness from?;D vi1 ( rester en place) [clou, attache, corde, étagère, barrage, soufflé] to hold; [timbre, colle, sparadrap] to stick; [assemblage, bandage] to stay in place; [coiffure] to stay tidy; [mise en plis] to stay in; tenir au mur avec de la colle/des épingles ( adhérer) to stick to the wall with glue/pins; tenir sur une jambe/un pied to stand on one leg/one foot; ces chaussures ne me tiennent pas aux pieds these shoes won't stay on my feet;2 ( résister) tenir (bon) ( surmonter les conditions) [personne, matériel] to hold out; ( refuser de capituler) gén to hang on, to hold out; Mil to hold out; ( ne pas relâcher sa prise) [personne] to hang on; tenir sans cigarettes jusqu'à la fin de la réunion to last ou go without cigarettes till the end of the meeting; tenir jusqu'à la fin de la réunion to hold out until the end of the meeting; tenir économiquement to hold ou last out in economic terms; j'espère que ma voiture va tenir (bon) I hope my car will last out; on a voulu me renvoyer mais j'ai tenu (bon) they wanted to fire me but I hung on; je ne peux plus (y) tenir I can't stand it any longer; il n'y a pas de télévision qui tienne○ there's no question of watching television;3 ( durer) le plan tient-il toujours? is the plan still on?; leur mariage tient encore their marriage is still holding together; le soleil n'a pas tenu longtemps the sun didn't last long; la neige tient/ne tient pas the snow is settling/is not settling; les fleurs n'ont pas tenu the flowers didn't last long; la couleur n'a pas tenu the colourGB has faded; tenir au lavage [couleur] not to run in the wash GB ou laundry US;4 ( rester valable) [théorie, argument] to hold good; ton alibi ne tient plus your alibi no longer stands up; ‘ça tient toujours pour demain?’ ‘is it still all right for tomorrow?’;5 ( être contenu) [personnes, véhicule, meubles, objets] to fit (dans into); mes vêtements tiendront dans une valise my clothes will fit into one suitcase; tenir à six dans une voiture to fit six into a car; faire tenir six personnes dans une voiture to fit six people into a car; mon article tient en trois pages my article takes up only three pages; tenir en hauteur/largeur/longueur to be short enough/narrow enough/short enough (dans for); tenir en hauteur dans une pièce to fit into a room (heightwise); ne pas tenir en hauteur/largeur/longeur to be too tall/wide/long (dans for); ne pas tenir en largeur dans un espace to be too wide for a space.E se tenir vpr1 ( soi-même) [personne] to hold [tête, ventre, bras]; se tenir la tête de douleur to hold one's head in pain; se tenir la tête à deux mains to hold one's head in one's hands;2 ( l'un l'autre) se tenir par le bras [personnes] to be arm in arm; ils se tenaient par la taille they had their arms around each other's waists; se tenir par la main [personnes] to hold hands;3 ( s'accrocher) to hold on; se tenir par les pieds to hold on with one's feet; se tenir à une branche/à la rampe to hold onto a branch/onto the banisters; se tenir d'une main à qch to hold onto sth with one hand; tiens-toi or tenez-vous bien○ fig prepare yourself for a shock;4 ( demeurer) se tenir accroupi/allongé/penché/courbé/à genoux to be squatting/stretched out/leaning/bent over/kneeling; se tenir au milieu/à la porte ( debout) to be standing in the middle/at the door; se tenir caché/sans bouger/au chaud to stay hidden/still/in the warm; se tenir prêt to be ready; se tenir tranquille ( immobile) to keep still; ( silencieux) to keep quiet; ( dans la légalité) to behave oneself; se tenir immobile ( debout) to stand still;5 ( se comporter) to behave; se tenir bien/mal to behave well/badly; savoir se tenir to know how to behave; tiens-toi bien! behave yourself!;6 ( avoir une posture) se tenir droit or bien/mal to have (a) good posture/(a) bad posture; tiens-toi droit! ( debout) stand up straight!; ( assis) sit straight!;7 ( avoir lieu) [manifestation, exposition] to be held; la réunion se tiendra au Caire the meeting will be held in Cairo;8 ( être liés) [événements] to fit together;9 ( être cohérent) [exposé, raisonnement, œuvre] to hold together; il n'y a rien à dire, tout se tient there's nothing to be said, it all holds together; ça se tient it makes sense;10 ( se considérer) se tenir pour to consider oneself to be; je me tiens pour satisfait des résultats I consider myself to be satisfied with the results; tenez-vous le pour dit○! I don't want to have to tell you again!;11 ( être fidèle) s'en tenir à to stand by; je m'en tiendrai à ma promesse/notre accord/leur décision I will stand by my promise/our agreement/their decision;12 ( se limiter) s'en tenir à to keep to; s'en tenir au minimum/au sujet to keep to a minimum/to the point; s'en tenir aux ordres to stick to orders; s'en tenir là to leave it there; ne pas savoir à quoi s'en tenir avec qn/qch not to know what to make of sb/sth.F v impers il ne tient qu'à toi de partir it's up to you to decide whether to leave; qu'à cela ne tienne! never mind!G tiens excl oh!; tiens (donc), vous voilà! oh, there you are!; tiens, je parie que c'est ta mère! oh! I bet it's your mother; tiens, vous croyez? do you think so?; tiens, tu es invité aussi? oh! so you've been invited as well?; tiens, tu n'étais pas au courant? didn't you know?; tiens donc! iron fancy that!; tiens tiens (tiens)! well, well!en tenir pour qn to have a crush on sb.[tənir] verbe transitifA.[AVOIR DANS LES MAINS]1. [retenir] to hold (on to)je tenais mal la bouteille et elle m'a échappé I wasn't holding the bottle tightly enough and it slipped2. [manier] to holdtu tiens mal ta raquette/ton arc you're not holding your racket/your bow properlyB.[CONSERVER]tiens-lui la porte, il est chargé hold the door open for him, he's got his hands full2. [garder - note] to hold‘tenez votre droite’a. [sur la route] ‘keep (to the) right’b. [sur un Escalator] ‘keep to the right’4. (Belgique) [collectionner] to collectC.[POSSÉDER]1. [avoir reçu]tenir quelque chose de quelqu'un [par hérédité] to get something from somebody[avoir à sa merci] to have gotah, ah, petit coquin, je te tiens! got you, you little devil!si je tenais celui qui a défoncé ma portière! just let me get ou lay my hands on whoever smashed in my car door!elle m'a tenu une heure avec ses histoires de divorce I had to listen to her going on about her divorce for a whole hourpendant que je vous tiens (au téléphone), pourrais-je vous demander un service? since I'm speaking to you (on the phone), may I ask you a favour?3. [détenir - indice, information, preuve] to have ; [ - contrat] to have, to have won ; [ - réponse, solution] to have (found) ou gottenir quelque chose de [l'apprendre] to have (got) something fromil a eu des troubles psychologiques — de qui tenez-vous cela? he's had psychological problems — who told you that?nous tenons de source sûre/soviétique que... we have it on good authority/we hear from Soviet sources that...tenir quelque chose de [le tirer de]: je tiens mon autorité de l'État I derive my power from the stateelle en tient une couche! (familier) she's as thick as two short planks (UK), what a dumb bell! (US)il en tient une bonne ce soir (familier) he's had a skinful (UK) ou he's three sheets to the wind tonightb. [il est ivre] he's really plastered!4. [transmettre]nous vous ferons tenir une copie des documents (soutenu) we will make sure you receive a copy of the documentsD.[CONTRÔLER, AVOIR LA RESPONSABILITÉ DE]1. [avoir prise sur, dominer] to holdquand la colère le tient, il peut être dangereux he can be dangerous when he's angryla jalousie le tenait jealousy had him in its grip, he was gripped by jealousy[avoir de l'autorité sur - classe, élève] to (keep under) controltenir la caisse to be at the cash desk, to be the cashierelle tient la rubrique artistique à "Madame" she has a regular Arts column in "Madame"le soir, il tenait le bar at night he used to serve behind the barle tribunal tiendra audience dans le nouveau bâtiment the court hearings will be held in the new buildingtenir des propos désobligeants/élogieux to make offensive/appreciative remarks5. [astreint à]je me sens tenu de la prévenir I feel morally obliged ou duty-bound to warn her7. ÉQUITATION [cheval] to keep in handE.[EXPRIME UNE MESURE]tenir une place importante to have ou to hold an important place2. [contenir] to holdF.[ÊTRE CONSTANT DANS]1. [résister à] (to be able) to takea. (familier) [assemblage, vêtements] to hold outb. [digue] to hold (out)c. [personne] (to be able) to take itle soir, je ne tiens pas le coup I can't take late nightstenir une promesse to keep ou to fulfil a promise[s'engager dans - pari]je tiens la gageure ou le pari! I'll take up the challenge!tenir quelqu'un/quelque chose pour to consider somebody/something to be, to look upon somebody/something as————————[tənir] verbe intransitif1. [rester en position - attache] to hold ; [ - chignon] to stay up, to hold ; [ - bouton, trombone] to stay on ; [ - empilement, tas] to stay upmets du gel, tes cheveux tiendront mieux use gel, your hair'll hold its shape betterle porridge vous tient au corps ou à l'estomac porridge keeps you goingfaire tenir quelque chose avec de la colle/des clous to glue/to nail something into positiona. [être fixé à] to be fixed on ou tob. [être contigu à] to be next to[personne]il ne tient pas encore bien sur sa bicyclette/ses skis/ses jambes he's not very steady on his bike/his skis/his legs yetcet enfant ne tient pas sur sa chaise this child can't sit still ou is always fidgeting in his chair2. [résister - union] to last, to hold out ; [ - chaise, vêtements] to hold ou to last out ; [ - digue] to hold out ; [ - personne] to hold ou to last outje ne tiens plus au soleil, je rentre I can't stand the sun any more, I'm going intes arguments ne tiendront pas longtemps face à la réalité your arguments won't hold for very long when faced with realitytenir bon ou fermea. [s'agripper] to hold firm ou tightb. [ne pas céder] to hold outtenez bon, les secours arrivent hold ou hang on, help's on its wayil me refusait une augmentation, mais j'ai tenu bon he wouldn't give me a rise but I held out ou stood my groundne pas y tenir, ne (pas) pouvoir y tenir: n'y tenant plus, je l'appelai au téléphone unable to stand it any longer, I phoned himça sent si bon le chocolat, je ne vais pas pouvoir y tenir there's such a gorgeous smell of chocolate, I just won't be able to resist it3. [durer, ne pas s'altérer - fleurs] to keep, to last ; [ - tissu] to last (well) ; [ - beau temps] to last, to hold out ; [ - bronzage] to last ; [ - neige] to settle, to stayil n'y a pas de "mais ma tante" qui tienne, tu vas te coucher! there's no "but Auntie" about it, off to bed with you!5. [pouvoir être logé] to fittenir en hauteur/largeur (dans) to fit vertically/widthwise (in)6. (locution)a. (familier) [aimer] to be hooked on somethingb. [ne considérer que] to stick to somethingtiens, tenez [en donnant quelque chose] heretiens, tenez [pour attirer l'attention, pour insister]: tiens, le tonnerre gronde listen, it's thunderingtiens, rends-toi utile here, make yourself usefultenez, je ne vous ferai même pas payer l'électricité look, I won't even charge you for the electricitys'il est intéressé par le salaire? tiens, bien sûr que oui! is he interested in the salary? you bet he is!tiens, tenez [exprime la surprise, l'incrédulité]: tiens, Bruno! que fais-tu ici? (hello) Bruno, what are you doing here?tiens, je n'aurais jamais cru ça de lui well, well, I'd never have expected it of himun tiens vaut mieux que deux tu l'auras (proverbe) a bird in the hand is worth two in the bush (proverbe)————————tenir à verbe plus préposition1. [être attaché à - personne] to care for, to be very fond of ; [ - objet] to be attached to ; [ - réputation] to care about ; [ - indépendance, liberté] to valuesi tu tiens à la vie... if you value your life...2. [vouloir]tenir à faire quelque chose to be eager to do ou to be keen on doing somethingje tiens à être présent à la signature du contrat I insist on being there when the contract is signedtu veux lui parler? — je n'y tiens pas vraiment would you like to talk to him? — not really ou not particularlytenir à ce que: je tiens à ce qu'ils aient une bonne éducation I'm most concerned that they should have a good educationvenez dîner, j'y tiens absolument! come and have dinner, I insist!le bonheur tient parfois à peu de chose sometimes it's the little things that give people the most happiness4. (tournure impersonnelle) [être du ressort de]s'il ne tenait qu'à moi if it was up to me ou my decision————————tenir de verbe plus préposition1. [ressembler à] to take afterce chien tient à la fois de l'épagneul et du setter this dog is a sort of cross between a spaniel and a setterelle est vraiment têtue/douée — elle a de qui tenir! she's so stubborn/gifted — it runs in the family!2. [relever de]————————se tenir verbe pronominal (emploi réciproque)se tenir par le cou/la taille to have one's arms round each other's shoulders/waists————————se tenir verbe pronominal (emploi passif)————————se tenir verbe pronominal transitifse tenir la tête à deux mains to hold ou to clutch one's head in one's hands————————se tenir verbe pronominal intransitif1. [se retenir] to hold on (tight)b. [fortement] to cling to, to clutch, to grip2. [se trouver - en position debout] to stand, to be standing ; [ - en position assise] to sit, to be sitting ou seateda. [debout] to stand up straightb. [assis] to sit up straightse tenir aux aguets to be on the lookout, to watch out3. [se conduire] to behave4. [être cohérent]a. [argumentation, intrigue] to hold together, to stand upb. [raisonnement] to hold water, to hold together5. (locution)d'abord ingénieur puis directrice d'usine, elle ne s'en est pas tenue là she started out as an engineer, then became a factory manager, but she didn't stop therene pas se tenir de [joie, impatience] to be beside oneself withtiens-toi bien, tenez-vous bien: ils ont détourné, tiens-toi bien, deux millions d'euros! they embezzled, wait for it, 2 million euros!elle a battu le record, tenez-vous bien, de plus de deux secondes! she broke the previous record and by over two seconds, would you believe!————————se tenir pour verbe pronominal plus préposition1. [se considérer comme]je ne me tiens pas encore pour battu I don't reckon I'm ou I don't consider myself defeated yetje ne me tiens pas pour un génie I don't regard myself as ou think of myself as ou consider myself a genius2. (locution)je ne supporterai pas tes insolences, tiens-le-toi pour dit! I'll say this only once, I won't put up with your rudeness! -
76 shut
1. transitive verb,-tt-, shut1) zumachen; schließenshut a road to traffic — eine Straße für den Verkehr sperren
shut the door on somebody — jemandem die Tür vor der Nase zuschlagen (ugs.)
shut the door on something — (fig.) die Möglichkeit einer Sache (Gen.) verbauen
shut one's eyes to something — (fig.) seine Augen vor etwas (Dat.) verschließen; (choose to ignore something) über etwas (Akk.) hinwegsehen
shut one's ears to something — (fig.) die Ohren vor etwas (Dat.) verschließen
2) (confine)shut somebody/an animal in[to] something — jemanden/ein Tier in etwas (Akk.) sperren
shut oneself in[to] a room — sich in einem Zimmer einschließen
3) (exclude)shut somebody/an animal out of something — jemanden/ein Tier aus etwas aussperren
4) (trap)shut one's finger/coat in a door — sich (Dat.) den Finger/Mantel in einer Tür einklemmen
5) (fold up) schließen, zumachen [Buch, Hand]; zusammenklappen [Klappmesser, Fächer]2. intransitive verb,-tt-, shut schließen; [Laden:] schließen, zumachen; [Blüte:] sich schließenthe door/case won't shut — die Tür/der Koffer geht nicht zu od. schließt nicht
3. adjectivethe door shut on/after him — die Tür schloss sich vor/hinter ihm
zu; geschlossenwe are shut on Saturdays/for lunch — wir haben samstags/über Mittag geschlossen od. zu
keep something shut — etwas geschlossen halten od. zu lassen
Phrasal Verbs:- shut in- shut off- shut out- shut up* * *1. present participle - shutting; verb1) (to move (a door, window, lid etc) so that it covers or fills an opening; to move (a drawer, book etc) so that it is no longer open: Shut that door, please!; Shut your eyes and don't look.) schließen2) (to become closed: The window shut with a bang.) sich schließen3) (to close and usually lock (a building etc) eg at the end of the day or when people no longer work there: The shops all shut at half past five; There's a rumour that the factory is going to be shut.) schließen4) (to keep in or out of some place or keep away from someone by shutting something: The dog was shut inside the house.) einsperren2. adjective(closed.) geschlossen- shut down- shut off
- shut up* * *[ʃʌt]\shut curtains zugezogene Vorhängeto slam a door \shut eine Tür zuschlagento slide \shut sich akk automatisch schließen▶ to be/get \shut of sb/sth jdn/etw los sein/loswerdenII. vt<-tt-, shut, shut>1. (close)▪ to \shut sth etw schließen [o zumachen]to \shut a book ein Buch zuklappento \shut one's eyes/ears to sth seine Augen/Ohren vor etw dat verschließen▪ to \shut sth etw schließen [o zusperren3. (pinch)4.▶ \shut it! (fam!) Klappe! slIII. vi<-tt-, shut, shut>1. (close) schließen, zumachen* * *[ʃʌt] vb: pret, ptp shut1. vt1) (= close) eyes, door, box etc zumachen, schließen; sportsground schließen; penknife, book, wallet zumachen, zuklappenthey shut the office at 6 — das Büro wird um 18.00 Uhr geschlossen
shut your eyes — mach die Augen zu
to shut one's ears/eyes to sth — vor etw (dat) die Ohren/Augen verschließen
to shut one's mind to sth — sich einer Sache (dat) verschließen
he shut his mind to thoughts of the past — Gedanken an die Vergangenheit schob er weit von sich
shut it! (inf) — halts Maul! (inf)
2)to shut sb/sth in(to) sth — jdn/etw in etw (dat) einschließen
she was shut in the cellar as a punishment — sie wurde zur Strafe im Keller eingesperrt
to shut one's fingers in the door — sich (dat) die Finger in der Tür einklemmen
2. vi(door, window, box) schließen, zugehen; (shop, factory) schließen, geschlossen werden, zumachen (inf); (sportsground) geschlossen werden; (eyes) sich schließenthe suitcase just won't shut — der Koffer will einfach nicht zugehen
it shuts very easily — es lässt sich ganz leicht schließen or zumachen
when do the shops shut? — wann schließen die Geschäfte?, wann machen die Geschäfte zu? (inf)
3. adjgeschlossen, zu pred (inf)sorry sir, we're shut — wir haben leider geschlossen
to find the door shut —
shut in his own little world —
* * *shut [ʃʌt]A v/t prät und pperf shut1. (ver)schließen, zumachen:shut your mouth! halt den Mund!;shut sb’s mouth fig jemandem den Mund stopfen, jemanden zum Schweigen bringen; → door Bes Redew, eye A 1, face A 1, heart Bes Redew, mind A 22. einschließen, -sperren ( beide:into, in, within in dat oder akk)3. ausschließen, -sperren ( beide:out of aus)4. sich einen Finger etc (ein)klemmen (in in dat)5. ein Taschenmesser etc zuklappen, ein Buch etc auch zumachenB v/i1. sich schließen, zugehen:the door shut with a bang die Tür knallte zu2. (sich) schließen (lassen):* * *1. transitive verb,-tt-, shut1) zumachen; schließenshut something to somebody/something — etwas für jemanden/etwas schließen
shut the door on something — (fig.) die Möglichkeit einer Sache (Gen.) verbauen
shut one's eyes to something — (fig.) seine Augen vor etwas (Dat.) verschließen; (choose to ignore something) über etwas (Akk.) hinwegsehen
shut one's ears to something — (fig.) die Ohren vor etwas (Dat.) verschließen
2) (confine)shut somebody/an animal in[to] something — jemanden/ein Tier in etwas (Akk.) sperren
shut oneself in[to] a room — sich in einem Zimmer einschließen
3) (exclude)shut somebody/an animal out of something — jemanden/ein Tier aus etwas aussperren
4) (trap)shut one's finger/coat in a door — sich (Dat.) den Finger/Mantel in einer Tür einklemmen
5) (fold up) schließen, zumachen [Buch, Hand]; zusammenklappen [Klappmesser, Fächer]2. intransitive verb,-tt-, shut schließen; [Laden:] schließen, zumachen; [Blüte:] sich schließenthe door/case won't shut — die Tür/der Koffer geht nicht zu od. schließt nicht
3. adjectivethe door shut on/after him — die Tür schloss sich vor/hinter ihm
zu; geschlossenwe are shut on Saturdays/for lunch — wir haben samstags/über Mittag geschlossen od. zu
keep something shut — etwas geschlossen halten od. zu lassen
Phrasal Verbs:- shut in- shut off- shut out- shut up* * *adj.geschlossen adj.verschließen adj.zumachen adj. v.(§ p.,p.p.: shut)= schließen v.(§ p.,pp.: schloß, geschlossen)zumachen v. -
77 cramp
1. noun(Med.) Krampf, der2. transitive verbhave cramp [in one's leg/arm] — einen Krampf [im Bein/Arm] haben
(confine) einengencramp [up] — zusammenpferchen
* * *[kræmp] 1. noun 2. verb1) (to put into too small a space: We were all cramped together in a tiny room.) einzwängen2) (to restrict; Lack of money cramped our efforts.) hemmen* * *[kræmp]I. n [Muskel]krampf mstomach \cramps Magenkrämpfe plto get \cramp [or AM \cramps] einen Krampf bekommenII. vt▪ to \cramp sb jdn einengen [o beschränken]* * *I [krmp]1. n (MED)Krampf mto have cramp in one's leg — einen Krampf im Bein haben
to have the cramps (US) — Krämpfe haben
2. vt2) (fig: hinder) behindernII1. nBauklammer f2. vtklammern* * *cramp1 [kræmp] MEDA s Krampf m:cramp in the calf Wadenkrampf;get a cramp bes US einen Krampf bekommen;cramps Magen-, US Unterleibskrämpfecramp2 [kræmp]A s1. TECH Krampe f, Klammer f, Schraubzwinge f2. Gießzange f4. fig Einengung fB v/t1. TECH mit Klammern etc befestigen, anklammern, ankrampen2. Leder auf dem Formholz zurichtenbe cramped for space (zu) wenig Platz haben, räumlich beschränkt seinb) fig einengen:cramp sb’s style jemanden einengenc) fig behindernC adj → academic.ru/16983/cramped">cramped 2* * *1. noun(Med.) Krampf, der2. transitive verbhave cramp [in one's leg/arm] — einen Krampf [im Bein/Arm] haben
(confine) einengencramp [up] — zusammenpferchen
* * *n.Krampf -e m. v.einklammern v. -
78 dam
I 1. noun[Stau]damm, der; (made by beavers) Damm, der2. transitive verb,- mm-1) (lit. or fig.)dam [up/back] something — etwas abblocken
2) (furnish or confine with dam) aufstauenII noun(Zool.) Muttertier, das* * *[dæm] 1. noun1) (a bank or wall of earth, concrete etc to keep back water: A new dam was being built at the mouth of the valley.) der Staudamm2) (the water kept back.) der Stausee2. verb(to hold back by means of a dam: The river has been dammed up.) stauen* * *[dæm]I. n [Stau]damm m, Deich mII. vt<- mm->to \dam the river den Fluss absperren [o dämmen]* * *I [dm] Damm m; (= reservoir) Stausee m2. vt (also dam up)1) river, lake (auf)stauen; valley eindämmenIIn(= mother) Muttertier nt* * *dam1 [dæm]A s1. (Stau)Damm m, Deich m, Wehr n, Talsperre f2. Stausee m, -gewässer n3. fig Damm ma) mit einem Damm versehen,b) stauen, (ab-, ein)dämmen (a. fig):dam up feelings Gefühle aufstauendam back one’s tears die Tränen zurückhalten* * *I 1. noun[Stau]damm, der; (made by beavers) Damm, der2. transitive verb,- mm-1) (lit. or fig.)dam [up/back] something — etwas abblocken
2) (furnish or confine with dam) aufstauenII noun(Zool.) Muttertier, das* * *n.Damm ¨-e m.Muttertier n.Staudamm -¨e m.Talsperre f.Wehr -e n. v.stauen v. -
79 limiter
limiter [limite]➭ TABLE 11. transitive verb• la vitesse est limitée à 50 km/h the speed limit is 50km/h2. reflexive verba. [personne]b. [connaissance, sanctions] se limiter à to be limited to* * *limite
1.
1) ( restreindre) to limit, to restrict [pouvoir, dépenses, durée, nombre] (à to)la vitesse est limitée à 90 km/h — the speed limit is 90 kph
2) ( border)
2.
se limiter verbe pronominal1) ( se restreindre)2) ( se résumer)* * *limite vt1) (= restreindre) to limit, to restrictLe nombre de billets est limité à deux par personne. — The number of tickets is limited to two per person.
2) (= délimiter) to border, to form the boundary of* * *limiter verb table: aimerA vtr1 ( restreindre) to limit, to restrict [pouvoir, dépenses, durée, nombre] (à to); limite tes recherches à un aspect particulier du problème confine ou restrict your research to a particular aspect of the problem; je limiterai mon intervention à une ou deux remarques I'll restrict my speech to one or two remarks only; cela limite nos possibilités that rather limits our scope; nous sommes limités dans le temps our time is limited; la vitesse est limitée à 90 km/h the speed limit is 90 km/h; limiter les dégâts to minimize the damage;2 ( border) la clôture qui limite notre propriété the enclosure which marks the boundaries of our property; des champs limités par des haies fields bordered by hedges.B se limiter vpr1 ( se restreindre) il ne sait pas se limiter he doesn't know when to stop, he doesn't know when he's had enough; se limiter à deux verres de bière/dix cigarettes par jour to limit oneself to two glasses of beer/ten cigarettes a day; je me limiterai à quelques observations I'll only make a few observations; limitez-vous au sujet confine yourself to the subject;2 ( se résumer) se limiter à to be limited to; l'histoire ne se limite pas à une suite de dates history is not limited to a series of dates; la vie ne se limite pas au travail there's more to life than work.[limite] verbe transitiflimiter quelque chose à to limit ou to restrict something to————————se limiter verbe pronominal (emploi réfléchi)plus de gâteaux, merci, il faut que je me limite no more cakes, thanks, I've got to watch what I eat————————se limiter à verbe pronominal plus préposition1. [se résumer à] to be restricted to, to be confined to2. [se contenter de] -
80 secure
1. adjective1) (safe) sichersecure against burglars/fire — gegen Einbruch/Feuer geschützt; einbruch-/feuersicher
make something secure from attack/enemies — etwas gegen Angriffe/Feinde sichern
2) (firmly fastened) festbe secure — [Ladung:] gesichert sein; [Riegel, Tür:] fest zu sein; [Tür:] ver- od. zugeriegelt sein; [Schraube:] fest sein od. sitzen
3) (untroubled) sicher, gesichert [Existenz]feel secure — sich sicher od. geborgen fühlen
2. transitive verbsecure in the knowledge that... — in dem sicheren Bewusstsein, dass...
1) (obtain) sichern ( for Dat.); beschaffen [Auftrag] ( for Dat.); (for oneself) sich (Dat.) sichern2) (confine) fesseln [Gefangenen]; (in container) einschließen [Wertsachen]; (fasten firmly) sichern, fest zumachen [Fenster, Tür]; festmachen [Boot] (to an + Dat.)3) (guarantee) absichern [Darlehen]* * *[si'kjuə] 1. adjective1) ((often with against or from) safe; free from danger, loss etc: Is your house secure against burglary?; He went on holiday, secure in the knowledge that he had done well in the exam.) sicher2) (firm, fastened, or fixed: Is that door secure?) fest3) (definite; not likely to be lost: She has had a secure offer of a job; He has a secure job.) gesichert2. verb1) ((with against or from (something bad)) to guarantee or make safe: Keep your jewellery in the bank to secure it against theft.) schützen2) (to fasten or make firm: He secured the boat with a rope.) sichern•- academic.ru/91361/securely">securely- security
- security risk* * *se·cure[sɪˈkjʊəʳ, AM -ˈkjʊr]I. adj<-r, -st or more \secure, the most \secure>\secure job sicherer Arbeitsplatzfinancially \secure finanziell abgesichertto feel \secure sich akk sicher [o geborgen] fühlen\secure against theft diebstahlsicher\secure mental hospital/unit geschlossene psychiatrische Klinik/Abteilungto make sth \secure against attack etw gegen Angriffe sicherncheck that the door is \secure schau nach, ob die Tür auch wirklich zu istto make a boat \secure ein Boot festmachenII. vt1. (obtain)2. (make safe)▪ to \secure sth etw [ab]sichern3. (fasten)to \secure a door/a window eine Tür/ein Fenster fest schließen4. (guarantee repayment of)▪ to \secure sth etw absichernto \secure a loan für einen Kredit Sicherheit stellen* * *[sɪ'kjʊə(r)]1. adj (+er)secure in the knowledge that... — ruhig in dem Bewusstsein, dass...
to be emotionally secure — emotional stabil sein
to make a door/window/rope secure — eine Tür/ein Fenster/ein Seil sichern
2. vt1) (= fasten, make firm) festmachen; (= tie up) befestigen, festmachen; window, door fest zumachen; (with chain, bolt etc) sichern; tile befestigen; (= make safe) sichern (from, against gegen), schützen (from, against vor +dat)2) (= obtain) sich (dat) sichern; majority of votes, order erhalten; profits, higher prices erzielen; share, interest in business erwerben; (= buy) erstehen; cook, employee verpflichtento secure sth for sb, to secure sb sth — jdm etw sichern
their troops have now secured the bridge/the airport — die Truppen haben jetzt die Brücke/den Flugplatz gegen feindliche Angriffe gesichert
* * *secure [sıˈkjʊə(r)]A adj (adv securely)1. sicher:a) geschützt, in Sicherheit ( beide:from, against vor dat):feel secure sich sicher fühlen;a secure hiding place ein sicheres Versteckb) fest (Fundament etc)c) MIL uneinnehmbar (Festung etc)d) gesichert (Existenz etc):be financially secure finanziell abgesichert seine) gewiss:2. ruhig, sorglos (Leben etc)3. in sicherem Gewahrsam (Krimineller etc)B v/tfrom, against vor dat, gegen)2. sichern, garantieren ( beide:sb sth jemandem etwas)secure a seat einen Sitzplatz ergattern umg4. erreichen, erlangen5. JUR ein Patent, Urteil etc erwirkensecure by bolts festschrauben8. Wertgegenstände etc sicherstellen, in Sicherheit bringen9. JUR festnehmen, dingfest machen10. MIL sichern, befestigenon, by durch):secured by mortgage hypothekarisch gesichertb) einem Gläubiger etc Sicherheit bieten12. MED eine Arterie etc abbindenC v/i1. sich Sicherheit verschaffen ( against gegen)2. SCHIFF US wegtreten, Freizeit machen* * *1. adjective1) (safe) sichersecure against burglars/fire — gegen Einbruch/Feuer geschützt; einbruch-/feuersicher
make something secure from attack/enemies — etwas gegen Angriffe/Feinde sichern
2) (firmly fastened) festbe secure — [Ladung:] gesichert sein; [Riegel, Tür:] fest zu sein; [Tür:] ver- od. zugeriegelt sein; [Schraube:] fest sein od. sitzen
3) (untroubled) sicher, gesichert [Existenz]feel secure — sich sicher od. geborgen fühlen
2. transitive verbsecure in the knowledge that... — in dem sicheren Bewusstsein, dass...
1) (obtain) sichern ( for Dat.); beschaffen [Auftrag] ( for Dat.); (for oneself) sich (Dat.) sichern2) (confine) fesseln [Gefangenen]; (in container) einschließen [Wertsachen]; (fasten firmly) sichern, fest zumachen [Fenster, Tür]; festmachen [Boot] (to an + Dat.)3) (guarantee) absichern [Darlehen]* * *adj.sicher adj. v.befestigen v.sicherstellen v.
См. также в других словарях:
confine — ► VERB 1) (confine to) restrict (someone or something) within certain limits of (space, scope, or time). 2) (be confined to) be unable to leave (one s bed, home, etc.) due to illness or disability. 3) (be confined) dated (of a woman) remain in… … English terms dictionary
confine — con·fine vt con·fined, con·fin·ing: to hold within a location; specif: imprison Merriam Webster’s Dictionary of Law. Merriam Webster. 1996. confine … Law dictionary
confine — verb (T) 1 LIMIT to keep someone or something within the limits of a particular activity or subject; restrict: be confined to: The police cadet s duties were confined to taking statements from the crowd. | a former editor now confined to… … Longman dictionary of contemporary English
confine — verb kən fʌɪn (confine someone/thing to) keep or restrict someone or something within certain limits of (space, scope, or time). ↘(be confined to) be unable to leave (one s bed, home, etc.) due to illness or disability. ↘(be confined) dated (of a … English new terms dictionary
confine — verb ADVERB ▪ entirely, exclusively, solely, strictly, totally ▪ increasingly ▪ essentially, largely, mainly … Collocations dictionary
confine — (n.) c.1400, boundary, limit (usually as confines), from O.Fr. confins boundaries, from M.L. confines, from L. confinium (pl. confinia) boundary, limit, from confine, neut. of confinis bordering on, having the same boundaries, from com with (see… … Etymology dictionary
confine — is pronounced with stress on the first syllable as a noun and on the second as a verb … Modern English usage
confine — verb 1) they were confined in the house Syn: enclose, incarcerate, imprison, intern, impound, hold captive, trap; shut in/up, keep, lock in/up, coop (up); fence in, hedge in, wall in/up 2) he confined his remarks to the weather … Thesaurus of popular words
confine — verb 1) they were confined in the house Syn: enclose, incarcerate, imprison, intern, hold captive, cage, lock up, coop up 2) he confined his remarks to the weather Syn: restrict, limit … Synonyms and antonyms dictionary
confine — verb (t) /kənˈfaɪn / (say kuhn fuyn) (confined, confining) 1. to enclose within bounds; limit or restrict. 2. to shut or keep in; imprison. –noun /ˈkɒnfaɪn / (say konfuyn) 3. (usually plural) a boundary or bound; a border or frontier. –phrase 4.… …
confine — Verb: To deprive one of his liberty; to place in prison or jail; to keep a person in bed; to require a person to remain at home; to keep animals within an enclosure. Walker v McAfee. 82 Kan 1212, 107 P 637. Noun: A limit, end, or boundary … Ballentine's law dictionary