Перевод: со словенского на английский

с английского на словенский

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  • 21 bagno

    bagno Grammatical information: n. o Accent paradigm: b? Proto-Slavic meaning: `marsh'
    Page in Trubačev: I 125-127
    Russian:
    bagnó (dial.) `marshy place, wild rosemary' [n o]
    Ukrainian:
    bahnó `marsh, mud, wild rosemary' [n o]
    Czech:
    bahno `marsh' [n o];
    báhno (Jungmann) `marsh' [n o] \{1\}
    Old Czech:
    bahno `marsh' [n o]
    Slovak:
    bahno `bog, large marsh' [n o]
    Polish:
    bagno `bog, marsh, wild rosemary' [n o]
    Slovincian:
    bȧ̃gno `wild rosemary' [n o]
    Upper Sorbian:
    bahno `marsh, silt' [n o]
    Lower Sorbian:
    bagno `marsh, (dial.) wild rosemary' [n o]
    Indo-European reconstruction: bʰog-no-
    Comments: It is attractive to seek a connection with MoDu. bagger `mud' < *bʰogʰ- and assume that we are dealing with a substratum word. The Slavic etymon is limited to West and East Slavic.
    Notes:
    \{1\} Jungmann mentions both bahno and báhno.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > bagno

  • 22 bebrъ

    bebrъ; bobrъ; bьbrъ Grammatical information: m. o Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `beaver'
    Page in Trubačev: I 174-175; II 145-146; III 159
    Church Slavic:
    bebrъ `beaver' [m o];
    bobrъ `beaver' [m o]
    Russian:
    bobr `beaver' [m o], bobrá [Gens];
    bobër `beaver (fur)' [m o], bobrá [Gens]
    Old Russian:
    bebrъ `beaver' [m o];
    bobrъ `beaver' [m o];
    bьbrъ `beaver' [m o]
    Ukrainian:
    bibr `beaver' [m o], bobrá [Gens]
    Czech:
    bobr `beaver' [m o]
    Polish:
    bóbr `beaver' [m o], bobra [Gens]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    dȁbar `beaver' [m o]
    Slovene:
    bóbǝr `beaver' [m o];
    bébǝr `beaver' [m o]
    Bulgarian:
    bóbăr `beaver' [m o]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: bebros
    Lithuanian:
    bẽbras `beaver' [m o] 2;
    bebrùs `beaver' [m u] 4
    Latvian:
    bębrs `beaver' [m o]
    Old Prussian:
    bebrus (EV) `beaver' [m o]
    Indo-European reconstruction: bʰebʰrH-u- (bʰebʰrH-o-)
    Comments: Possibly a derivative of the word for `brown', cf. Lith. bė́ras, with reduplication of the root. The fact that this etymon was not affected by the generalization of accentual mobility in the masculine o-stems points may be be accounted for by positing a u-stem.
    Other cognates:
    Skt. babhrú- `reddish brown' [adj];
    Lat. fiber `beaver'
    ;
    OHG bibar `beaver'
    ;
    OE beofor `beaver'

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > bebrъ

  • 23 bobrъ

    bebrъ; bobrъ; bьbrъ Grammatical information: m. o Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `beaver'
    Page in Trubačev: I 174-175; II 145-146; III 159
    Church Slavic:
    bebrъ `beaver' [m o];
    bobrъ `beaver' [m o]
    Russian:
    bobr `beaver' [m o], bobrá [Gens];
    bobër `beaver (fur)' [m o], bobrá [Gens]
    Old Russian:
    bebrъ `beaver' [m o];
    bobrъ `beaver' [m o];
    bьbrъ `beaver' [m o]
    Ukrainian:
    bibr `beaver' [m o], bobrá [Gens]
    Czech:
    bobr `beaver' [m o]
    Polish:
    bóbr `beaver' [m o], bobra [Gens]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    dȁbar `beaver' [m o]
    Slovene:
    bóbǝr `beaver' [m o];
    bébǝr `beaver' [m o]
    Bulgarian:
    bóbăr `beaver' [m o]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: bebros
    Lithuanian:
    bẽbras `beaver' [m o] 2;
    bebrùs `beaver' [m u] 4
    Latvian:
    bębrs `beaver' [m o]
    Old Prussian:
    bebrus (EV) `beaver' [m o]
    Indo-European reconstruction: bʰebʰrH-u- (bʰebʰrH-o-)
    Comments: Possibly a derivative of the word for `brown', cf. Lith. bė́ras, with reduplication of the root. The fact that this etymon was not affected by the generalization of accentual mobility in the masculine o-stems points may be be accounted for by positing a u-stem.
    Other cognates:
    Skt. babhrú- `reddish brown' [adj];
    Lat. fiber `beaver'
    ;
    OHG bibar `beaver'
    ;
    OE beofor `beaver'

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > bobrъ

  • 24 bьbrъ

    bebrъ; bobrъ; bьbrъ Grammatical information: m. o Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `beaver'
    Page in Trubačev: I 174-175; II 145-146; III 159
    Church Slavic:
    bebrъ `beaver' [m o];
    bobrъ `beaver' [m o]
    Russian:
    bobr `beaver' [m o], bobrá [Gens];
    bobër `beaver (fur)' [m o], bobrá [Gens]
    Old Russian:
    bebrъ `beaver' [m o];
    bobrъ `beaver' [m o];
    bьbrъ `beaver' [m o]
    Ukrainian:
    bibr `beaver' [m o], bobrá [Gens]
    Czech:
    bobr `beaver' [m o]
    Polish:
    bóbr `beaver' [m o], bobra [Gens]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    dȁbar `beaver' [m o]
    Slovene:
    bóbǝr `beaver' [m o];
    bébǝr `beaver' [m o]
    Bulgarian:
    bóbăr `beaver' [m o]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: bebros
    Lithuanian:
    bẽbras `beaver' [m o] 2;
    bebrùs `beaver' [m u] 4
    Latvian:
    bębrs `beaver' [m o]
    Old Prussian:
    bebrus (EV) `beaver' [m o]
    Indo-European reconstruction: bʰebʰrH-u- (bʰebʰrH-o-)
    Comments: Possibly a derivative of the word for `brown', cf. Lith. bė́ras, with reduplication of the root. The fact that this etymon was not affected by the generalization of accentual mobility in the masculine o-stems points may be be accounted for by positing a u-stem.
    Other cognates:
    Skt. babhrú- `reddish brown' [adj];
    Lat. fiber `beaver'
    ;
    OHG bibar `beaver'
    ;
    OE beofor `beaver'

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > bьbrъ

  • 25 bedrò

    bedrò; bedra Grammatical information: n. o; f. ā Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `thigh'
    Page in Trubačev: I 175-176, 179-180
    Old Church Slavic:
    bedra `thigh' [f ā]
    Church Slavic:
    bedro ( SerbCS) `thigh' [n o];
    bedra ( SerbCS) `thigh' [f ā]
    Russian:
    bedró `thigh, hip' [n o];
    bedrá (dial.) `thigh' [f ā]
    Old Russian:
    bedra `hip' [f ā]
    Czech:
    bedra `loins, hips' [Nompn o]
    Old Czech:
    bedra `thigh, groin' [f ā]
    Polish:
    biodro `hip' [n o]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    bèdro `thigh' [n o];
    bȅdra `thigh' [f ā];
    Čak. bedrȁ (Vrgada) `thigh' [f ā], bȅdru [Accs]
    Slovene:
    bédrọ `thigh' [n o];
    bédra `thigh' [f ā]
    Bulgarian:
    bedró `thigh' [n o]
    Indo-European reconstruction: bʰedʰ-róm
    Comments: The etymology of this word is unclear. The connection with Ukr. dial. bedrá `large pit, valley, swamp', Pl. ubiedrze `slope, steep bank' and Lith. bẽdrė `swamp, valley', Latv. bedre `pit' (Anikin 1998: 30-31), which derive from *bʰedʰ- `to dig', is semantically unattractive. Pokorny's reconstruction of a root *bed- `to swell' (IEW: 96) is impossible because of Winter's law.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > bedrò

  • 26 bedra

    bedrò; bedra Grammatical information: n. o; f. ā Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `thigh'
    Page in Trubačev: I 175-176, 179-180
    Old Church Slavic:
    bedra `thigh' [f ā]
    Church Slavic:
    bedro ( SerbCS) `thigh' [n o];
    bedra ( SerbCS) `thigh' [f ā]
    Russian:
    bedró `thigh, hip' [n o];
    bedrá (dial.) `thigh' [f ā]
    Old Russian:
    bedra `hip' [f ā]
    Czech:
    bedra `loins, hips' [Nompn o]
    Old Czech:
    bedra `thigh, groin' [f ā]
    Polish:
    biodro `hip' [n o]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    bèdro `thigh' [n o];
    bȅdra `thigh' [f ā];
    Čak. bedrȁ (Vrgada) `thigh' [f ā], bȅdru [Accs]
    Slovene:
    bédrọ `thigh' [n o];
    bédra `thigh' [f ā]
    Bulgarian:
    bedró `thigh' [n o]
    Indo-European reconstruction: bʰedʰ-róm
    Comments: The etymology of this word is unclear. The connection with Ukr. dial. bedrá `large pit, valley, swamp', Pl. ubiedrze `slope, steep bank' and Lith. bẽdrė `swamp, valley', Latv. bedre `pit' (Anikin 1998: 30-31), which derive from *bʰedʰ- `to dig', is semantically unattractive. Pokorny's reconstruction of a root *bed- `to swell' (IEW: 96) is impossible because of Winter's law.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > bedra

  • 27 bȇrgъ

    bȇrgъ Grammatical information: m. o Accent paradigm: с Proto-Slavic meaning: `bank'
    Page in Trubačev: I 191-193
    Old Church Slavic:
    brěgъ `bank, shore, steep slope' [m o]
    Russian:
    béreg `bank, shore' [m o]
    Czech:
    břeh `bank, shore, boundary, edge' [m o];
    břech (dial.) `hill' [m o], břeha [Gens]
    Old Czech:
    břěh `hill, hillside, bank, shore, pier' [m o]
    Slovak:
    breh `bank, shore, hill, hillside' [m o]
    Polish:
    brzeg `bank, shore, edge' [m o]
    Upper Sorbian:
    brjóh `bank, shore, hill' [m o], brjoha [Gens]
    Lower Sorbian:
    brjog `bank, shore, hill, heap' [m o]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    brȉjeg `bank, shore, boundary, edge, hill' [m o];
    Čak. brȋg (Vrgada) `bank, shore, boundary, edge, hill' [m o], brȋga [Gens];
    Čak. briȇg (Orbanići) `hill' [m o], briȇge [Locs]
    Slovene:
    brẹ̑g `bank, shore, hillside, hill' [m o]
    Bulgarian:
    brjag `bank, shore' [m o]
    Indo-European reconstruction: bʰerǵʰ-o-
    IE meaning: hill
    Page in Pokorny: 140
    Comments: In view of the Indo-Iranian and Armenian forms, the *g of the Slavic etymon is problematic. Attempts to establish *bergъ as a borrowing from Germanic or Venetic-Illyrian (Pokorny) seem unconvincing.
    Other cognates:
    Go. bairgahei `mountainous region' [f];
    OIc. bjarg `mountain'
    ;
    OHG berg `mountain'
    ;
    Skt. br̯hánt- (RV+) `great, large, high';
    LAv. bǝrǝz- `great, high' [adj];
    Arm. barjr `high' [adj]

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > bȇrgъ

  • 28 bel(e)niti

    bel(e)niti; belnovati; bolniti Grammatical information: v. Proto-Slavic meaning: `rage'
    Page in Trubačev: I 185-187, III 159
    Russian:
    (uz)belenít'sja (dial.) `become infuriated' [verb];
    bolonít' (dial.) `pester, bore' [verb];
    bolónit' (dial.) `talk' [verb]
    Czech:
    blenovati (Kott: Bylinář Mathiolův, 1596) `chatter' [verb]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    blániti (17th c.) `go crazy, rage' [verb] \{6\}
    Slovene:
    blẹncáti `talk in one's sleep, rave, chatter' [verb], blẹncȃm [1sg] \{1\}
    Bulgarian:
    blenúvam `be poisoned by henbane, day-dream' [verb]
    Macedonian:
    blenuva `dream' [verb]
    Indo-European reconstruction: bʰel(e)-n-
    Page in Pokorny: 120
    Comments: Apart from denominative verbs meaning `to rave, to talk nonsense', expressions of the type "he has eaten henbane" conveying the same meaning exist in several languages, e.g. Ru. on belený ob"élsja, OCz. když sě komu přihodi, že by sě blena najedl, Cz. jako by se blínu napil, SCr. kao da se buna (bunike) nazobao (najio, (na)jeo).
    Notes:
    \{1\} Also belendáti `rave, phantasize' from Hung. beléndek `henbane'.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > bel(e)niti

  • 29 belnovati

    bel(e)niti; belnovati; bolniti Grammatical information: v. Proto-Slavic meaning: `rage'
    Page in Trubačev: I 185-187, III 159
    Russian:
    (uz)belenít'sja (dial.) `become infuriated' [verb];
    bolonít' (dial.) `pester, bore' [verb];
    bolónit' (dial.) `talk' [verb]
    Czech:
    blenovati (Kott: Bylinář Mathiolův, 1596) `chatter' [verb]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    blániti (17th c.) `go crazy, rage' [verb] \{6\}
    Slovene:
    blẹncáti `talk in one's sleep, rave, chatter' [verb], blẹncȃm [1sg] \{1\}
    Bulgarian:
    blenúvam `be poisoned by henbane, day-dream' [verb]
    Macedonian:
    blenuva `dream' [verb]
    Indo-European reconstruction: bʰel(e)-n-
    Page in Pokorny: 120
    Comments: Apart from denominative verbs meaning `to rave, to talk nonsense', expressions of the type "he has eaten henbane" conveying the same meaning exist in several languages, e.g. Ru. on belený ob"élsja, OCz. když sě komu přihodi, že by sě blena najedl, Cz. jako by se blínu napil, SCr. kao da se buna (bunike) nazobao (najio, (na)jeo).
    Notes:
    \{1\} Also belendáti `rave, phantasize' from Hung. beléndek `henbane'.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > belnovati

  • 30 bolniti

    bel(e)niti; belnovati; bolniti Grammatical information: v. Proto-Slavic meaning: `rage'
    Page in Trubačev: I 185-187, III 159
    Russian:
    (uz)belenít'sja (dial.) `become infuriated' [verb];
    bolonít' (dial.) `pester, bore' [verb];
    bolónit' (dial.) `talk' [verb]
    Czech:
    blenovati (Kott: Bylinář Mathiolův, 1596) `chatter' [verb]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    blániti (17th c.) `go crazy, rage' [verb] \{6\}
    Slovene:
    blẹncáti `talk in one's sleep, rave, chatter' [verb], blẹncȃm [1sg] \{1\}
    Bulgarian:
    blenúvam `be poisoned by henbane, day-dream' [verb]
    Macedonian:
    blenuva `dream' [verb]
    Indo-European reconstruction: bʰel(e)-n-
    Page in Pokorny: 120
    Comments: Apart from denominative verbs meaning `to rave, to talk nonsense', expressions of the type "he has eaten henbane" conveying the same meaning exist in several languages, e.g. Ru. on belený ob"élsja, OCz. když sě komu přihodi, že by sě blena najedl, Cz. jako by se blínu napil, SCr. kao da se buna (bunike) nazobao (najio, (na)jeo).
    Notes:
    \{1\} Also belendáti `rave, phantasize' from Hung. beléndek `henbane'.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > bolniti

  • 31 bèrdjь

    bèrdjь Grammatical information: adj. jo Accent paradigm: a Proto-Slavic meaning: `with young, pregnant'
    Page in Trubačev: I 188-189
    Church Slavic:
    brěžda `pregnant' [Nomsgf];
    brěž(d)a (RuCS) `pregnant' [Nomsgf]
    Russian:
    beréžaja (dial.) `in foal' [Nomsgf];
    berëžaja (dial.) `mare in foal' [Nomsgf]
    Ukrainian:
    beréža `with young' [Nomsgf]
    Czech:
    březí `with young, pregnant' [Nomsgf]
    Old Czech:
    břězí `with young, pregnant' [Nomsgf]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    brȅđ (W. dial.) `pregnant, (Cr.) in calf' [adj jo];
    Čak. brȅja (Orbanići) `pregnant (of a cow), with young' [Nomsgf]
    Slovene:
    brẹ́ja `with young' [Nomsgf]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: berʔdios
    Lithuanian:
    ber̃(g)ždžias `barren (of a cow)' [adj] 4;
    ber(g)ždė̃ `barren cow' [f ē]
    Indo-European reconstruction: bʰerdieh₂
    IE meaning: pregnant
    Comments: Both *bʰerdʰieh₂ and *bʰerHdʰieh₂ would have yielded forba in Latin (see Nussbaum 1999 for the development of *rdʰ originating from syncope). A proto-form *bʰerHdieh₂ would therefore theoretically be possible. Nussbaum, who considers the connection with OCS brěžda possible, suggests that an original noun *bʰori- > *fori `birther' was expanded to *fori-d- and then hypercharacterized as a feminine (1999: 406).
    Other cognates:
    Lat. forda `in calf' [Nomsgf]

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > bèrdjь

  • 32 bèrmę

    bèrmę Grammatical information: n. n Accent paradigm: a Proto-Slavic meaning: `load, burden'
    Page in Trubačev: I 197-197
    Old Church Slavic:
    brěmę `load, burden' [n n], brěmene [Gens]
    Russian:
    berémja (dial.) `armful, bundle, burden' [n n], berémeni [Gens]
    Ukrainian:
    beremja `load, burden' [n n]
    Czech:
    břímě `heavy load, burden' [n n], brěmene [Gens]
    Slovak:
    bremä (arch.) `weight' [n n]
    Polish:
    brzemię `load, burden' [n n], brzemienia [Gens]
    Upper Sorbian:
    brěmjo `heavy load, burden' [n n], brěmjenja [Gens]
    Lower Sorbian:
    brěḿe `load, burden, yoke, bundle' [n n], breḿeńa [Gens]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    brȅme `weight, load, pregnant woman' [n n], brȅmena [Gens];
    Čak. brȉme (Vrgada) `weight, load' [n n], brȉmena [Gens], brimenå̃ [Nom p];
    Čak. brȅme(n) (Orbanići) `load, burden' [n n]
    Slovene:
    bréme `weight, load, bunch, foetus, burden' [n n], bremę́na [Gens]
    Bulgarian:
    bréme `weight, load, pregnant woman' [n n], brȅmena [Gens]
    Indo-European reconstruction: bʰerH-men-
    IE meaning: burden
    Page in Pokorny: 128
    Comments: The accentuation of the etymon points to the presence of a laryngeal in the root.
    Other cognates:
    Skt. bharīman- `maintenance, care, burden' [n]

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > bèrmę

  • 33 berstъ

    berstъ Grammatical information: m. o Accent paradigm: b/c Proto-Slavic meaning: `elm'
    Page in Trubačev: I 199-200
    Russian:
    bérest `elm' [m o], béresta [Gens] \{1\}
    Belorussian:
    bérast `elm' [m o], bérasta [Gens]
    Ukrainian:
    bérest `elm' [m o], béresta [Gens]
    Czech:
    břest `elm' [m o]
    Slovak:
    brest `elm' [m o]
    Polish:
    brzost `elm' [m o];
    brzóst (dial.) `elm' [m o]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    brȉjest `elm' [m o], brijèsta [Gens];
    Čak. brĩst (Vrgada) `a herb similar to rosemary' [m o], brīstȁ [Gens];
    brést (Novi) `elm' [m o], brēstȁ [Gens];
    Čak. briȇs (Orbanići) `elm' [m o], brȅsta [Gens]
    Slovene:
    brẹ́st `elm' [m o]
    Bulgarian:
    brjast `elm' [m o];
    brest `elm' [m o]
    Comments: If we assume that * berstъ is cognate with -> *bèrza, which has an acute root, we must explain the variant belonging AP (b). In my view, a form bʰerHǵ-tó- (admittedly with slightly unexpected end-stress) would remain oxytone in Balto-Slavic, in which case the root would be affected by the Proto-Slavic loss of pretonic laryngeals. As I consider it possible that the generalization of accentual mobility in masculine o-stems with a non-acute root vowel did not apply to the marginal class of Balto-Slavic oxytona, Illič-Svityč's reconstruction of a substantivized neuter adjective is not necessarily correct.
    Other cognates:
    Go. bairhts `bright, clear' [adj]
    Notes:
    \{1\} Illič-Svityč (1963: 52), mentions a Gsg. berestá (dial.).

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > berstъ

  • 34 bèrza

    bèrza Grammatical information: f. ā Accent paradigm: a Proto-Slavic meaning: `birch'
    Page in Trubačev: I 201-203
    Church Slavic:
    brěza `birch' [f ā]
    Russian:
    berëza `birch' [f ā]
    Belorussian:
    bjaróza `birch' [f ā]
    Ukrainian:
    beréza `birch' [f ā]
    Czech:
    bříza `birch' [f ā]
    Slovak:
    breza `birch' [f ā]
    Polish:
    brzoza `birch' [f ā]
    Slovincian:
    břùo̯za `birch' [f ā]
    Upper Sorbian:
    brěza `birch' [f ā]
    Lower Sorbian:
    brjaza `birch' [f ā]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    brȅza `birch' [f ā];
    brȅz `birch' [m o]
    Slovene:
    brẹ́za `birch' [f ā];
    brẹ̀z `birch' [m o]
    Bulgarian:
    brezá `birch' [f ā]
    Macedonian:
    breza `birch' [f ā]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: bérʔźos; bérʔźaʔ
    Lithuanian:
    béržas `birch' [m o] 3
    Latvian:
    bę̃rzs `birch' [m o]
    Old Prussian:
    berse `birch'
    Indo-European reconstruction: bʰerHǵ-o-
    IE meaning: birch
    Page in Pokorny: 139
    Comments: The root may be identical with *bʰrh₁ǵ- `shine', cf. Skt. bhrā́jate- `id.'.
    Other cognates:
    Skt. bhūrjá- `kind of birch' [m o]

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > bèrza

  • 35 bě̄dà

    bě̄dà Grammatical information: f. ā Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `need, poverty, misery'
    Page in Trubačev: II 54-56
    Old Church Slavic:
    běda `distress, need, necessity' [f ā]
    Russian:
    bedá `misfortune, trouble' [f ā]
    Czech:
    bída `poverty, misery' [f ā];
    běda `woe!' [interj]
    Slovak:
    bieda `poverty, calamity' [f ā]
    Polish:
    bieda `poverty, misery' [f ā];
    biada `woe!' [interj]
    Old Polish:
    biada `distress, necessity' [f ā] \{1\}
    Upper Sorbian:
    běda `grief, woe, misery' [f ā]
    Lower Sorbian:
    běda `grief, pain' [f ā]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    bijèda `grief, misfortune' [f ā]
    Slovene:
    bẹ́da `misery' [f ā]
    Bulgarian:
    bedá `misfortune, misery' [f ā]
    Indo-European reconstruction: bʰoidʰ-eh₂ \{2\}
    IE meaning: force
    Certainty: +
    Page in Pokorny: 117
    Comments: According to Būga (RR I: 345-346), Lith. bėdà 4 `misfortune, trouble, guilt' is probably not a borrowing from Slavic because it has ė instead of the expected ie (cf. biẽdnas `poor'). Indeed, there seems to be no obvious reason why bėdà and Latv. bę̀da `sorrow, grief, distress' should not be old. These words could be connected with bãdas `hunger' and Skt. bā́dhate `oppress' (Būga l.c., Derksen 1996: 258). However, a dilemma arises if we consider that Slavic běditi `force, persuade' cannot be separated from Go. baidjan `force'. We must either declare the Baltic forms borrowings or assume that in Slavic *běd- < *bhoidh- and *běd- < *bʰēdʰ- were contaminated (cf. Anikin 1998: 39). In the latter case OCS běda `distress' and `necessity' would continue different roots. This is a possibility which cannot be excluded. The hypothesis that Lith. baidýti `to scare' < *bʰiH- `to fear' is cognate with *bē̌dà and *běditi (cf. Trubačëv II: 55-56) must be rejected, if only on formal grounds.
    Other cognates:
    Alb. be `oath' [f] \{2\}
    Notes:
    \{1\} The vocalism of Modern Polish bieda `id.' is of Mazowian origin, cf. biada `woe!'. \{2\} According to Būga (RR I: 345-346), Lith. bėdà 4 `misfortune, trouble, guilt' is probably not a borrowing from Slavic because it has ė instead of the expected ie (cf. biẽdnas `poor'). Indeed, there seems to be no obvious reason why bėdà and Latv. bę̀da `sorrow, grief, distress' should not be old. These words could be connected with bãdas `hunger' and Skt. bā́dhate `oppress' (Būga l.c., Derksen 1996: 258). However, a dilemma arises if we consider that Slavic běditi `force, persuade' cannot be separated from Go. baidjan `force'. We must either declare the Baltic forms borrowings or assume that in Slavic *běd- < *bhoidh- and *běd- < *bʰēdʰ- were contaminated (cf. Anikin 1998: 39). In the latter case OCS běda `distress' and `necessity' would continue different roots. This is a possibility which cannot be excluded. The hypothesis that Lith. baidýti `to scare' < *bʰiH- `to fear' is cognate with *bē̌dà and *běditi (cf. Trubačëv II: 55-56) must be rejected, if only on formal grounds. \{3\} Demiraj prefers *bʰeidʰ-i-s to an ā-stem (1997: 94).

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > bě̄dà

  • 36 bě̄dìti

    bě̄dìti Grammatical information: v. Accent paradigm: c
    Page in Trubačev: II 56-57
    Old Church Slavic:
    běditi `force, persuade' [verb], běždǫ [1sg]
    Russian:
    bedít' (dial.) `spoil, vex' [verb]
    Czech:
    bíditi (Jungmann, Kott) `reduce to poverty, (se) torment oneself, suffer' [verb];
    běditi (Jungmann, Kott) `reduce to poverty' [verb];
    bídit se (dial.) `live in poverty' [verb]
    Slovak:
    biedit́ `live in poverty' [verb]
    Old Polish:
    biedzić `struggle' [verb]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    bijèditi `slander' [verb], bȉjedīm [1sg]
    Bulgarian:
    bedjá `accuse' [verb]
    Indo-European reconstruction: bʰoidʰ-eie-
    IE meaning: force
    Certainty: +
    Page in Pokorny: 117
    Comments: It is very unlikely that Slavic *běditi `force' and Go. baidjan `id.' belong to different roots. Stang even includes these words in his "Sonderübereinstimmungen" (1972: 14). The meaning `persuade' is another indication that we are dealing with PIE *bʰoidʰ-. The question is whether denominative *běditi `reduce to poverty, live in poverty' ultimately continues a different root (see *bē̌dà).
    Other cognates:
    Gk. πείθω `persuade' [verb];
    Go. baidjan `force' [verb];
    OHG beitten `demand' [verb]

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > bě̄dìti

  • 37 bě̑sъ

    bě̑sъ Grammatical information: m. o Accent paradigm: c Proto-Slavic meaning: `demon'
    Page in Trubačev: II 88-91
    Old Church Slavic:
    běsъ `demon' [m o]
    Russian:
    bes `demon' [m o]
    Czech:
    běs `demon' [m o]
    Slovak:
    bes `demon' [m o]
    Polish:
    bies `demon' [m o]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    bȉjes `demon' [m o];
    Čak. bȋs `demon' [m o], bȋsa [Gens]
    Slovene:
    bẹ̑s `demon' [m o]
    Bulgarian:
    bjas `rabies, demon' [m o]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: boiʔsós
    Lithuanian:
    baisùs `terrible' [adj u]
    Latvian:
    baîss `terrible' [adj u]
    Indo-European reconstruction: bʰoiHdʰ-so-
    Page in Pokorny: 161
    Comments: Since both Slavic and Baltic point to BSl. *s instead of *ṣ, it has been suggested that the root of this etymon was * bʰoiHdʰ-, cf. Lat. foedus `repulsive, terrible, disgraceful' (cf. Pedersen 1895). An extension of the root is also found in Lith. baidýti, Latv. baĩdît `scare', but it is uncertain if this *d, which may be identified with * dʰh₁- `put' and is part of a productive suffix (cf. OPr. pobaiint `punish'), is the same element.
    Other cognates:
    Lat. foedus `repulsive, terrible, disgraceful'

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > bě̑sъ

  • 38 bělъ

    bě́lъ Grammatical information: adj. o Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `white'
    Page in Trubačev: II 79-81
    Old Church Slavic:
    bělъ `white' [adj o]
    Russian:
    bélyj `white' [adj o];
    bel `white' [adj o], belá [Nomsf], bélo [Nomsn] \{1\}
    Czech:
    bílý `white' [adj o]
    Slovak:
    biely `white' [adj o]
    Polish:
    biaɫy `white' [adj o]
    Slovincian:
    bjáu̯lï `white' [adj o]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    bȉjel, bȉo `white' [adj o], bijȅla [Nomsf], bijèlo [Nomsn];
    Čak. bĩ(l) (Vrgada) `white' [adj o], bīlȁ [Nomsf], bīlȍ [Nomsn];
    Čak. biȇl (Orbanići) `white' [adj o], bielȁ [Nomsf], biȇlȍ [Nomsn]
    Slovene:
    bẹ́ɫ `white' [adj o]
    Bulgarian:
    bjal `white' [adj o]
    Lithuanian:
    bãlas `white' [adj o] 4;
    báltas `white' [adj o] 3
    Latvian:
    bā̀ls `pale' [adj o];
    bãls `pale' [adj o];
    bal̃ts `white' [adj o]
    Certainty: +
    Page in Pokorny: 118
    Comments: The fact that this etymon belongs to AP (b), which implies an non-acute root, does not pose any problems if one assumes that the regular reflex of a lengthened grade vowel was circumflex. We may reconstruct * bʰēlH-o-, with regular loss of the root-final laryngeal.
    Notes:
    \{1\} AP (b) in Old Russian (Zaliznjak 1985: 136).

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > bělъ

  • 39 bìdlo

    bìdlo Grammatical information: n. o Accent paradigm: a
    Page in Trubačev: II 94-95
    Russian:
    bílo (dial.) `pestle, seat in a sleigh' [n o]
    Old Russian:
    bilo `board which is struck to convoke people to church or to the dining-table, plectrum' [n o]
    Ukrainian:
    býlo `board used instead of a bell in monasteries' [n o]
    Czech:
    bidlo `pole' [n o]
    Old Czech:
    bidlo `rack, support, plectrum' [n o]
    Slovak:
    bidlo `pole, perch, slay' [n o]
    Old Polish:
    bidɫo `squared beam covered with nails in a sleigh' [n o]
    Slovincian:
    bjĩdlo `round bar in a sleigh' [n o]
    Lower Sorbian:
    bidɫo `reed (of a loom)' [n o]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    bȉlo `mountain ridge with spurs, artery, riveting hammer' [n o]
    Slovene:
    bílọ `artery, striking mechanism (of a clock)' [n o]
    Bulgarian:
    bílo `crest of a mountain, mountain ridge' [n o]
    Comments: Derivative in *- dʰlom from the root * bʰiH- `strike' (-> *bìti). AP (a) is in accordance with Hirt's law.
    Other cognates:
    OIr. benaid `strike' [verb], pret. pass. -bíth;
    Lat. perfinēs (Fest.) `you may break' [2sPsSubj].

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > bìdlo

  • 40 blekotъ

    blekotъ; blekota Grammatical information: m. o; f. ā
    Page in Trubačev: II 108-109
    Russian:
    blëkot (dial.) `henbane' [m o];
    blekótá (dial.) `chatterbox' [m/f o]
    Belorussian:
    blëkat `henbane, hemlock' [m o]
    Ukrainian:
    blékit `poison hemlock' [m o];
    blékot `henbane' [m o];
    blekotá `poison hemlock, henbane' [f ā]
    Czech:
    blekot `shouter, babbler' [m o];
    blekota `grumbler' [f ā]
    Old Czech:
    blekot `chatter, grumbling, chatterbox, grumbler' [m o]
    Slovak:
    bl'akot `bleating, bellowing' [m o]
    Polish:
    blekot `fool's parsley, henbane, (arch.) stammerer, chatterbox' [m o]
    Upper Sorbian:
    blekot `muttering, babble' [m o]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    blȅkēt `bleating' [m o]
    Indo-European reconstruction: bʰlek-ot-
    Page in Pokorny: 157
    Comments: See * blekъ.
    Other cognates:
    blekъ

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > blekotъ

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