cēdo

dextĕra or dextra, ae, f. (as in most langg.; cf. Gr. dexia, Germ. die Rechte, etc.; sc. manus), the right hand (freq. a sign of greeting, of fidelity; a symbol of strength, courage, etc.).

Prop.:

cedo sis dexteram,

Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 102; Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 84:

quod ego te per hanc dextram oro,

id. And. 1, 5, 54; cf.:

per dexteram te istam oro, quam, etc.,

Cic. Deiot. 3; cf. also Sall. J. 10, 3; Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 94 al.; and:

dexterae, quae fidei testes esse solebant,

Cic. Phil. 11, 2, 5:

fidem more Persarum dextra dare,

Nep. Dat. 10, 1:

vos libertatem atque patriam in dextris vostris portare,

Sall. C. 58, 8; cf. Verg. A. 2, 291; Hor. Epod. 7, 10; Ov. M. 13, 176; Sil. 1, 77 et saep.: miserat civitas Lingonum vetere instituto dona legionibus dextras, hospitii insigne, a pair of hands clasped in each other, made of gold, silver, etc., Tac. H. 1, 54; cf. id. ib. 2, 8 (so in Gr. dexian pempein and pherein).— Prov.: dextra tenet calamum;

strictum tenet altera ferrum,

Ov. H. 11, 3.—

Transf.

The right side:

picus et cornix est ab laeva, corvus porro ab dextera,

Plaut. As. 2, 1, 12; cf. Cic. Div. 1, 39, 85:

ab dextera,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 89; id. Mil. 3, 1, 13; Ter. And. 4, 3, 19; Sall. C. 59, 2; Ov. M. 2, 5 al.:

ilico equites jubet dextera inducere,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 88; so,

dexterā,

id. ib. 177; Caes. B. C. 2, 15, 3; Sall. J. 101, 9; Liv. 21, 43 et saep.:

specta ad dexteram,

Plaut. Poen. 3, 4, 1; so,

ad dexteram,

id. Rud. 1, 2, 67; Ter. And. 4, 4, 12; Att. ap. Cic. [p. 568] Div. 1, 22 fin.; Cic. Univ. 13; Caes. B. C. 1, 69, 3 et saep.—

Poet., the hand, in gen.:

omne sacrum rapiente dextra,

Hor. Od. 3, 3, 52; id. S. 2, 1, 54.—

Trop., pledge of friendship:

renovare dextras,

Tac. A. 2, 58; cf.:

Graecia tendit dexteram Italiae suumque ei praesidium pollicetur,

Cic. Phil. 10, 4, 9:

nec veriti dominorum fallere dextras,

Verg. A. 6, 613; cf. id. ib. 3, 610; Nep. Dat. 10, 1; Just. 11, 15, 13:

ne fas, fidem, dextras, deos testes fallat,

Liv. 29, 24.

dis-cēdo, cessi, cessum, 3 ( perf. sync. discesti, Plaut. As. 2, 1, 3), v. n.

(With the notion of dis predominating.)

To part asunder, divide, separate (rare but class.; cf.: linquo, relinquo, desero, desum, destituo, deficio).

Lit.:

cum terra discessisset magnis quibusdam imbribus,

Cic. Off. 3, 9:

caelum,

opens, id. Div. 1, 43, 97; 1, 44, 99, i. e. clears off, Verg. A. 9, 20 (this last is quoted in Sen. Q. N. 7, 20):

sulcus vomere,

Luc. 6, 382: VT SODALITATES DECVRIATIQVE DISCEDERENT, SC. ap. Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 3, 5; cf.:

cum discedere populum jussissent tribuni,

Liv. 3, 11:

populus ex contione,

Sall. J. 34 fin.: armati in latitudinem, Sisenn. ap. Non. 99, 7:

in duas partes,

Sall. J. 13, 1:

in partes,

Tac. A. 1, 49; cf.:

in manipulos,

id. ib. 1, 34:

fumus in auras,

Lucr. 3, 436:

ad semina rerum,

id. 2, 833:

palus multos discessit in amnes,

Luc. 6, 360:

citius paterer caput hoc discedere collo,

Prop. 2, 6, 7.—

Trop.:

divisio in tres partes,

Quint. 12, 10, 58:

haec in duo genera,

id. 3, 6, 86.—

To part from one's connection with one, i. e. to leave, forsake, desert (rare but class.).—With a or ab: uxor a Dolabella discessit, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 6:

ab amicis in re publica peccantibus,

Cic. Lael. 12, 42:

ab amicis,

id. ib. 20, 75:

a nobis,

Caes. B. C. 3, 60, 3:

milites in itinere ab eo discedunt,

id. ib. 1, 12, 2:

a Perseo,

Liv. 43, 6.

(With the notion of cedere predominating.) To depart from any place or person, to go away from, to leave (cf.: proficiscor, abeo; so most frequently in all periods and sorts of composition).

Lit.

In gen.: constr. with ab, ex, or absol., rarely with de —With ab: cum discesti ab [p. 586] hero, atque abisti ad forum, Plaut. As. 2, 1, 3;

so with abire,

id. ib. 3, 3, 13; Cic. Att. 7, 2 fin.:

quod legati eorum paulo ante a Caesare discesserant,

Caes. B. G. 4, 12, 1:

ab suis,

id. ib. 5, 3, 6:

ab exercitu,

id. ib. 7, 9, 1; id. B. C. 1, 9, 3 et saep.:

a senis latere numquam,

Cic. Lael. 1, 1:

a vallo,

Caes. B. C. 3, 37, 3:

ab loco,

id. ib. 5, 34, 1:

a litore,

id. ib. 5, 8 fin. et saep.—With ex:

non modo illum e Gallia non discessisse, sed ne a Mutina quidem recessisse,

Cic. Phil. 8, 7, 21:

ex contione,

Caes. B. C. 2, 33, 2:

e medio,

Suet. Caes. 1:

e patria,

Ov. Tr. 1, 3, 85 et saep.—With de:

de foro,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 65, § 147; 2, 4, 22, § 49; id. Rosc. Am. 29, 79:

de colloquio,

Liv. 32, 40.—With abl. without a prep.:

templo,

Ov. M. 1, 381:

finibus Ausoniae,

id. Tr. 1, 3, 5:

lecto,

id. H. 1, 81:

Tarracone,

Caes. B. C. 2, 21, 5:

Capua,

Cic. Att. 7, 21.— Absol.:

ille discessit, ego somno solutus sum,

Cic. Rep. 6, 26 fin.;

so,

Caes. B. G. 1, 39, 3; id. B. C. 1, 22 fin.; Hor. S. 1, 9, 8 et saep.— Pass. impers.:

ne longius ab agmine discedi pateretur,

Caes. B. G. 5, 19, 3:

ab concilio disceditur,

id. ib. 7, 2 fin.:

de colloquio discessum,

Liv. 32, 40; Caes. B. C. 3, 87 fin.; Tac. A. 6, 44 fin. —

Designating the term. ad quem, to go away to any place:

in silvas,

Caes. B. G. 5, 39, 2:

ex fuga in civitates,

id. ib. 7, 88 fin.:

in castra,

id. B. C. 1, 83, 3:

in proximos colles,

Sall. J. 54 fin.:

in loca occulta,

id. ib. 56, 3:

ad urbem,

Verg. A. 12, 184 et saep.:

Capreas,

Tac. A. 6, 20:

ex castris domum,

Caes. B. G. 5, 7, 5; cf.

simply domum,

id. B. C. 1, 13, 3; 3, 87, 3:

domos suas,

Nep. Them. 4, 2 al.:

cubitum,

Cic. Rep. 6, 10.—

In partic.

In milit. lang., to march off, march away, decamp:

discessit a Brundisio obsessionemque nostrorum omisit,

Caes. B. C. 3, 24 fin.:

ab Gergovia,

id. B. G. 7, 43 fin.:

a mari Dyrrhachioque,

id. B. C. 3, 44, 1:

ab Zama,

Sall. J. 61 al.:

ex ea parte vici,

Caes. B. G. 3, 2, 1:

ex hibernis,

id. ib. 5, 28, 3:

ex eo loco,

id. B. C. 3, 30, 7; cf.:

ex iis locis cum classe,

id. ib. 3, 101 fin.:

Tarracone,

id. ib. 2, 21, 5 et saep.:

dispersi ac dissipati discedunt,

Caes. B. G. 5, 58, 3; so absol., id. ib. 5, 53 fin.; 6, 33, 4 et saep.;

so milit.: discedere ab signis,

to quit the standard, leave the order of battle, Caes. B. G. 5, 16, 1; id. B. C. 1, 44, 4; Liv. 25, 20:

qui discedere et abire cœptabant,

i. e. to break ranks and go away, Suet. Oth. 11; cf.: ab ordinibus signisque Front. Strat. 1, 5, 3:

ab armis,

to lay down one's arms, Caes. B. G. 5, 41, 8; id. B. C. 1, 9, 5; Sall. C. 34, 1; Cic. Phil. 8, 11, 33; Liv. 9, 14 al.—

Also in milit. lang., to get away, come away, come off in any manner from the battle (victorious, conquered, wounded, etc.); and sometimes to be translated simply to become, to be, etc.:

superiores,

Caes. B. C. 1, 47, 1; so,

superior,

Sall. C. 39, 4:

victor,

Caes. B. C. 3, 47, 6; cf.:

victor ab hoste,

Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 37:

victus,

to be conquered, Sall. C. 49, 2:

graviter vulneratus,

id. ib. 61, 7 et saep.:

aequo proelio,

Caes. B. C. 3, 112, 7; cf.:

aequa manu,

Sall. C. 39, 4:

aequo Marte cum Volscis,

Liv. 2, 40:

sine detrimento,

Caes. B. C. 3, 46, 6 et saep.— Pass. impers.:

a proelio disceditur,

Just. 6, 7, 12.—

Transf. beyond the milit. sphere (freq. into the judicial sphere, on account of its analogy to the former):

ut spoliis Sexti Roscii hoc judicio ornati auctique discedant,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 3 fin.:

superiorem,

id. Caecin. 1, 2; so,

liberatus,

Nep. Phoc. 2, 3:

omnium judicio probatus,

Cic. Brut. 64, 229:

impunita (tanta injuria),

id. Verr. 2, 4, 30 et saep.:

discessisses non male,

Plaut. Stich. 2, 2, 70; cf.:

pulchre et probe et praeter spem,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 8, 58:

aut cum summa gloria aut sine molestia,

Cic. Att. 2, 21 fin.; cf.:

a judicio capitis maximā gloriā,

Nep. Epam. 8 fin.:

ita tum discedo ab illo, ut qui se filiam Neget daturum,

Ter. And. 1, 1, 121; cf.:

si possum discedere, ne causa optima in senatu pereat,

Cic. Fam. 2, 16 fin.

Trop.

In gen., to depart, deviate, swerve from; to leave, forsake, give up:

nihil a statu naturae, nihil a dignitate sapientis,

Cic. Off. 1, 20, 67:

a fide justitiaque,

id. ib. 3, 20, 79:

longe ab consuetudine mea et cautione ac diligentia,

id. Font. 1, 2:

a constantia atque a mente, atque a se ipse,

id. Div. 2, 55, 114; cf.:

a se,

id. Brut. 79, 273; id. Fin. 5, 11, 33; 4, 5, 41; id. Tusc. 4, 6, 11: a recta conscientia, Att. ap. Cic. Att. 13, 20:

a sua sententia,

Caes. B. C. 1, 2, 5: ab officio, id. B. G. 1, 40, 3:

ab oppugnatione castrorum,

id. B. C. 2, 31, 3 et saep.:

a judiciisque causisque,

Cic. de Or. 2, 33, 144:

a litteris,

id. Fam. 9, 26:

ab illa acerrima contentione,

id. Or. 31:

ab illa cavillatione,

Quint. 12, 2, 14:

a suscepta semel persuasione,

id. 12, 2, 26 et saep.—

In partic.

Pregn., to pass away, to vanish, to cease (very rarely):

modo audivi, quartanam a te discessisse,

had left you, Cic. Att. 8, 6:

ex animo memoria alicujus,

id. Rep. 6, 9: hostibus spes potiundi oppidi discessit (opp. studium propugnandi accessit), Caes. B. G. 2, 7, 2:

ubi hae sollicitudines discessere,

Liv. 4, 52 fin. —

In alicujus sententiam, in polit. lang., to pass or go over to another's opinion, Sall. C. 55, 1; Liv. 3, 41; 28, 45; cf.

the opp., in alia omnia,

Cic. Fam. 10, 12, 3 (v. alius). In like manner:

decurritur ad illud extremum atque ultimum SC., quo nisi paene in ipso urbis incendio... numquam ante discessum est,

which had never before been resorted to, Caes. B. C. 1, 5, 3;

so perh.: ex oratione Caesaris... hanc in opinionem discessi, ut, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 6, 14 fin. —

Ab aliquo, in Cicero's letters in the sense of to leave out of consideration, i. e. to except:

cum a vobis meae salutis auctoribus discesserim, neminem esse, cujus officiis me tam esse devinctum confitear,

if I except you, you excepted, Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 18:

ut cum ab illo discesserint, me habeant proximum,

id. ib. 6, 12, 2:

amoris erga me, cum a fraterno amore domesticoque discessi, tibi primas defero,

id. Att. 1, 17, 5.

perf.: custodibus discessis, Cael. ap. Prisc. p. 869 P.

īdem, ĕădem, ĭdem ( masc. eidem, freq. in MSS. and inscrr.; v. Lachm. ad Lucr. 1, 120; rarely isdem or eisdem; plur. nom. eidem; dat. and abl. eisdem; usu. contr. idem, isdem; not iidem, iisdem; v. Neue, Formenl. 2, 198 sqq.), pron. [from the pronom. root I, whence is, and the demonstr. suff. dem; root of dies, day, time; hence, just, exactly, Corss. Aussp. 2, 855], the same.

In gen.:

deinde quod nos eadem Asia atque idem iste Mithridates initio belli Asiatici docuit,

Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 7, 19:

quam (sphaeram) ab eodem Archimede factam posuerat in templo Virtutis Marcellus idem,

id. Rep. 1, 14:

id, quod eidem Ciceroni placet,

Quint. 10, 7, 28:

jure erat semper idem vultus (Socratis),

Cic. Tusc. 3, 15, 31:

idem semper vultus eademque frons,

id. Off. 1, 26, 90:

tu autem eodem modo omnes causas ages? aut in iisdem causis perpetuum et eundem spiritum sine ulla commutatione obtinebis?

id. Or. 31, 110:

non quod alia res esset: immo eadem,

id. Clu. 29, 80:

etiam si verbo differre videbitur, re tamen erit unum et omnibus in causis idem valebit,

id. Caecin. 21, 59:

ad causas simillimas inter se vel potius easdem,

id. Brut. 94, 324. —

In partic., idem is used,

When two predicates are referred to the same subject.

When the predicates are of the same kind it may often be rendered, at the same time, likewise, also, etc., or = is (ea, id) with quoque, etiam, simul, etc.:

cum Academico et eodem rhetore congredi conatus sum,

Cic. N. D. 2, 1, 1; cf.:

oratio splendida et grandis et eadem in primis faceta,

id. Brut. 79, 273:

avunculus meus, vir innocentissimus idemque doctissimus,

id. N. D. 3, 32, 80:

jam M. Marcellus ille quinquies consul totum (auspicium) omisit, idem imperator, idem augur optimus,

id. Div. 2, 36, 77:

ubi Xenocrates, ubi Aristoteles ista tetigit? hos enim quasi eosdem esse vultis,

id. Ac. 2, 44, 136; cf.:

viros fortes, magnanimos, eosdem bonos et simplices esse volumus,

id. Off. 1, 19, 63:

Caninius idem et idem noster cum ad me pervesperi venisset, etc.,

id. Fam. 9, 2, 1:

amicus est tamquam alter idem,

a second self, id. Lael. 21, 80:

ad idem semper exspectandum paratior,

id. Off. 2, 15, 53:

nam idem velle atque idem nolle, ea demum firma amicitia est,

Sall. C. 20, 5; cf.:

quos omnes eadem odisse, eadem metuere in unum coeëgit,

id. J. 31, 14:

Hisdem diebus, for eisdem,

Pall. 10, 13:

hic finis belli,... idemque finis regni,

Liv. 45, 9, 2; 2, 12, 2:

quae ab condita urbe Roma ad captam urbem eandem Romani... gessere,

id. 6, 1, 1:

ut pars militum gladiatores, qui e servitio Blaesi erant, pars ceteram ejusdem familiam vincirent,

Tac. A. 1, 23:

erepta mihi prius eorundem matre,

Quint. 6 prooem. 4:

fervida aestas, longinqua itinera sola ducis patientia mitigabantur, eodem plura quam gregario milite tolerante,

Tac. A. 14, 24.—

When the predicates are in contrast with one another it may be rendered, nevertheless, yet, on the contrary:

(Epicurus) cum optimam et praestantissimam naturam dei dicat esse, negat idem esse in deo gratiam,

Cic. N. D. 1, 43, § 121; cf. Curt. 5, 1, 14.—

Esp.

Connected or corresp. with the pronouns ego, tu, hic, ille, iste, qui, and with unus:

idem ego ille (non enim mihi videor insolenter gloriari, etc.) idem inquam ego recreavi afflictos animos, etc.,

Cic. Att. 1, 16, 8:

ego idem, qui, etc.,

id. Or. 7, 23; cf.:

habitae sunt multae de me contiones... habuit de eodem me P. Lentulus consul contionem,

id. Sest. 50, 107:

cedo nunc ejusdem illius inimici mei de me eodem contionem,

id. ib. §

108: de me eodem,

id. ib. 51, 109:

quin tu igitur concedis idem, etc.,

id. Rep. 1, 39 fin. Mos.; cf.:

cognoram te in custodia salutis meae diligentem: eundemque te, etc.,

id. Att. 4, 1, 1:

Sopater quidam fuit, etc.... huic eidem Sopatro eidem inimici ad C. Verrem ejusdem rei nomen detulerunt,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 28, § 68:

cum est idem hic Sopater absolutus,

id. ib. 2, 2, 29, §

70: hoc idem facere,

id. Rep. 1, 35:

ab hisce eisdem permotionibus,

id. de Or. 1, 12, 53:

idem ille tyrannus,

id. Rep. 1, 42:

in eisdem illis locis,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 21, § 56:

eandem illam (sphaeram),

id. Rep. 1, 14:

eum et idem qui consuerunt et idem illud alii desiderent,

id. Off. 2, 15 fin.:

idem iste Mithridates,

id. de Imp. Pomp. 7, 19 (Klotz, Orell., B. and K.;

older edd., idem ipse): musici qui erant quondam idem poëtae,

id. de Or. 3, 44, 174; cf.:

beneficentia, quam eandem benignitatem appellari licet,

id. Off. 1, 7, 20:

quod idem in ceteris artibus non fit,

id. Fin. 3, 7, 24 fin.:

exitus quidem omnium unus et idem fuit,

id. Div. 2, 47, 97:

in qua (causa) omnes sentirent unum atque idem,

id. Cat. 4, 7, 14; cf.

in an inverted order: ut verset saepe multis modis eandem et unam rem,

id. Or. 40, 137:

neque ego aliter accepi: intellexi tamen idem, non existimasse te, etc.,

id. Fam. 9, 15, 3; id. Att. 3, 12, 1; 8, 3, 3.—

As a word of comparison, with et, ac, que, ut, qui ( quae, quod), quam, quasi, cum, or (mostly poet.) with the dat., the same as, identical with, of the same meaning as, etc.:

si quaeratur, idemne sit pertinacia et perseverantia,

Cic. Top. 23, 87: videmus fuisse quosdam, qui idem ornate ac graviter, idem versute et subtiliter dicerent, at the same time and as well as, id. Or. 7, 22; cf. id. Sull. 18, 51:

imperii nostri terrarumque idem est extremum,

id. Prov. Cons. 13, 33; cf. id. Cael. 28, 67:

disputationem habitam non quasi narrantes exponimus, sed eisdem fere verbis, ut actum disputatumque est,

id. Tusc. 2, 3, 9:

idem abeunt, qui venerant,

id. Fin. 4, 3, 7:

quoniam earum rerum quas ego gessi, non est eadem fortuna atque condicio, quae illorum qui, etc.,

id. Cat. 3, 12, 27:

non quo idem sit servulus quod familia,

id. Caecin. 20, 58:

qui (servi) et moribus eisdem essent, quibus dominus, et eodem genere ac loco nati,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 25, § 62:

eandem constituit potestatem quam si, etc.,

id. Agr. 2, 12, 30:

eodem loco res est, quasi ea pecunia legata non esset,

id. Leg. 2, 21, 53; cf.:

sensu amisso fit idem, quasi natus non esset omnino,

id. Lael. 4, 14.—With cum:

tibi mecum in eodem est pistrino vivendum,

Cic. de Or. 2, 33, 144:

hunc eodem mecum patre genitum, etc.,

Tac. A. 15, 2:

in eadem mecum Africa geniti fides,

Liv. 30, 12, 15; 28, 28, 14.—With dat.:

(Homerus) Sceptra potitus, eadem aliis sopitu' quiete est,

Lucr. 3, 1038; cf.:

invitum qui servat idem facit occidenti,

Hor. A. P. 467; so Ov. M. 13, 50; id. Am. 1, 4, 1 al.:

quod non idem illis censuissemus,

Cic. Fam. 9, 6, 3; Just. 2, 4, 10:

ille eadem nobis juratus in arma,

Ov. M. 13, 50.—In neutr. with gen.:

si idem nos juris haberemus quod ceteri,

Cic. Balb. 12, 29:

tibi idem consilii do, quod, etc.,

id. Fam. 9, 2, 2:

omnes qui ubique idem operis efficiunt,

Lact. 5, 4, 1:

non habet officii lucifer omnis idem,

Ov. F. 1, 46.— Advv.: eādem, eodem, v. h. v.

ex-cēdo, cessi, cessum, 3 ( subj. perf. sync. excessis, Ter. And. 4, 4, 21), v. n. and a.

Neut., to go out, go forth or away, to depart, retire, withdraw (freq. and class.; cf.: discedo, deficio, destituo, desero, linquo, relinquo).

Lit.

In gen., with ex and abl., with abl. alone, or absol.:

ex istoc loco,

Plaut. Aul. 1, 1, 18:

e medio,

Ter. Hec. 4, 3, 14:

ex civitate,

Caes. B. G. 6, 8, 8:

ex Italia,

Cic. Phil. 12, 6, 14:

e templo,

Liv. 29, 19;

for which, templo,

id. 39, 5:

ex finibus,

Caes. B. G. 7, 33, 2;

for which, finibus,

id. ib. 4, 18 fin.; 7, 77, 14; Liv. 30, 42; 41, 19 al.: ex illa circumscriptione, [p. 675] Cic. Phil. 8, 8:

ex itinere,

Caes. B. C. 1, 79 fin.; cf.:

ex via,

id. B. G. 5, 19, 1;

for which, viā,

Liv. 24, 20:

ex pugna, ex proelio,

Caes. B. G. 3, 4, 3; 4, 33, 2;

for which, more freq., pugnā,

id. B. G. 5, 36, 3; id. B. C. 2, 7, 1; Liv. 44, 42; Verg. A. 9, 789 al.;

and, proelio,

Caes. B. G. 2, 25, 1; 3, 4, 3; 4, 12 fin.; 7, 80, 3; cf.

acio,

id. B. C. 2, 41, 7; 3, 94, 5; Liv. 31, 17:

loco,

Caes. B. C. 1, 44, 2; 3, 45, 4; Liv. 36, 10, 15; so,

locis,

id. 38, 27, 9; 27, 1, 5;

and bello,

Sall. C. 9, 4:

domo,

Caes. B. G. 4, 14 fin.:

oppido,

id. ib. 7, 78, 1; cf.

urbe,

Liv. 26, 24; 30, 7; 31, 17 et saep.:

Arimino,

Caes. B. C. 1, 10, 3; 1, 11, 1:

Galliā,

id. B. G. 7, 66, 4:

provinciis,

id. B. C. 1, 85 fin.:

patriā,

Verg. A. 1, 357:

sceleratā terrā,

id. ib. 3, 60 et saep.—With de (very rare):

de utero matris,

i. e. to be born, Dig. 1, 5, 15.— Absol.:

abiit, excessit, evasit, erupit,

Cic. Cat. 2, 1:

excedere deos, simul ingens motus excedentium,

Tac. H. 5, 13:

primi omnium Macedones metu excesserant,

Liv. 42, 67 fin. —Designating the terminus:

cave quoquam ex istoc excessis loco,

Ter. And. 4, 4, 21:

agro hostium in Boeotiam,

Liv. 31, 26 fin.:

ex his tenebris in lucem illam,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 30 fin.; cf.:

ad deos,

Vell. 1. 2:

invictum fore donec excederet ad deos,

Curt. 4, 7, § 27:

in exsilium,

Dig. 48, 19, 4;

in which sense also simply excedere,

ib. 48, 22, 7, § 17.—

In partic.

To go beyond, overstep, rise above, overtop a certain boundary.—Of personal subjects very rarely:

alter in Pontum, alter usque Aegyptum excessit,

Just. 1, 1, 6.—More freq. of inanimate subjects:

ut nulla (pars) excederet extra,

Cic. Univ. 5; Cels. 8, 9 fin.; cf.

with eminere,

id. 8, 25 fin.:

montes et excedentia in nubes juga,

Plin. 27, 1, 1, § 3.—

To depart from life, to decease, to die (cf. decedo):

sic ille cum undequadraginta annos regnavisset, excessit e vita,

Cic. Rep. 2, 14 fin.; so,

e vita,

id. Fin. 3, 18, 60; id. Brut. 20 fin.; id. Lael. 3 fin.; id. Off. 1, 43, 153:

vitā,

id. Tusc. 1, 13, 29; id. Brut. 75, 262; id. N. D. 3, 16, 41; Val. Max. 2, 6, 8; 5, 5, 3; Curt. 3, 1, 21; 9, 6, 6; Tac. H. 4, 75:

e medio,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 7, 74 Ruhnk.; and simply excedere (postAug.;

but v. decedo excessus, I.),

Plin. 7, 13, 11, § 58; Tac. A. 1, 5 fin.; 1, 33; Suet. Aug. 5; id. Claud. 45; id. Vesp. 2; id. Tit. 11; Val. Fl. 1, 826; Curt. 10, 5, 2; Sen. Ep. 77, 10.—

Trop.

In gen. (very rarely):

cum animus Eudemi e corpore excesserit,

Cic. Div. 1, 25, 53; id. Tusc. 1, 11, 24; 1, 32, 78; id. Lael. 4, 13 al.:

corpore excedere,

id. Div. 1, 30, 63: ex pristina bellandi consuetudine, Auct. B. Afr. 73: palmā, to recede from victory, to yield the victory (= decedere alicui de victoria), Verg. A. 5, 380.—Far more freq.,

In partic.

(Acc. to A. 2. a.) To go beyond a certain boundary or a certain measure, to advance, proceed, to transgress, digress (= procedere, progredi): mihi aetas ex magisterio tuo: Plaut. Bacch. 1, 2, 40:

is postquam excessit ex ephebis,

Ter. And. 1, 1, 24 (quoted in Cic. de Or. 2, 80, 327); cf.:

ut primum ex pueris excessit Archias,

Cic. Arch. 3:

ad patres etiam et ad publicam querimoniam excessit res,

Liv. 25, 1; cf. Val. Max. 5, 6, 4:

haec eo anno in Africa gesta. Insequentia excedunt in eum annum, quo, etc.,

Liv. 30, 26; cf. id. 21, 15:

paululum ad enarrandum, etc.,

to digress, Liv. 29, 29, 5; cf.:

in fabellam,

Sen. Ep. 77:

in aliquid,

Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 44 fin.:

res parva dictu, sed quae studiis in magnum certamen excesserit,

Liv. 34, 1; cf. id. 33, 35 fin.; 8, 33; cf. id. 3, 41:

eo laudis excedere, quo, etc.,

to attain that height of fame, Tac. Agr. 42 fin.: tantum illa clades novitate et magnitudine excessit, i. e. exceeded, went beyond = eminuit, Tac. A. 2, 24.—

(Acc. to A. 2. b.) To depart, disappear:

cura ex corde excessit,

Ter. Hec. 3, 2, 12:

cum cupiditatum dominatus excessit,

Cic. Par. 5, 3, 40:

jam e memoria excessit, quo tempore? etc.,

Liv. 26, 13;

for which, memoriā,

id. 7, 32 fin.:

ubi reverentia excessit animis,

Curt. 8, 8.— Poet.:

Cannaene tibi graviorque palude Maeonius Stygia lacus excessere Padusque?

i. e. have they slipped from your memory? Sil. 15, 35.

Act. (post-Aug.).

Lit., to depart from, to leave a place:

urbem,

Liv. 2, 37, 8; 1, 29, 6; 3, 57, 10;

23, 1: curiam,

id. 45, 20; cf. pass. impers.:

Crotonem excessum est,

id. 24; 3 fin. —

Transf., to go beyond, surpass, exceed a certain limit, to overtop, tower above (cf. above, I. A. 2. a., and B. 2. a.):

nubes excedit Olympus,

Luc. 2, 271:

statura, quae justam excederet,

Suet. Tib. 68:

summam octoginta milium,

Liv. 39, 5;

so of numbers, very freq.,

Plin. 7, 2, 2, § 22; 13, 3, 4, § 20; Quint. 9, 4, 79; Tac. A. 1, 14; Suet. Aug. 77 al.; cf.

also of age,

Col. 6, 21:

triennium vitae,

Plin. 8, 42, 67, § 166:

annum aetatis centesimum,

id. 25, 2, 5, § 9; Plin. Ep. 2, 1, 4; 3, 7, 9; Suet. Gramm. 7;

of measure: laborum periculorumque modum,

Vell. 2, 122 fin.; so,

modum,

Liv. 26, 19; 28, 25; Quint. 3, 6, 62; 8, 3, 48 al.:

eloquentia aut aequavit praestantissimorum gloriam aut excessit,

Suet. Caes. 55; cf.:

praeturae gradum,

id. Oth. 1:

principum fastigium,

id. Calig. 22:

fastigium equestre,

Tac. A. 4, 40:

excedente humanam fidem temeritate,

Vell. 2, 51, 3; so,

fidem,

Plin. 7, 21, 21, § 85; Ov. M. 7, 166:

excessisse Priscum inmanitate et saevitia crimina, quibus, etc.,

Plin. Ep. 2, 11, 2:

nemine tantum ceteros excedente, ut ei aliquis se summitteret,

Just. 13, 2.—With simple acc.:

decretum, ne vasa auro solida ministrandis cibis fierent, etc.... Excessit Fronto ac postulavit modum argento,

went beyond the proposal, Tac. A. 2, 33 (cf.:

egredi relationem,

id. ib. 2, 38).— Pass.:

duo enim multitudo, unione jam excessā,

Tert. adv. Marc. 1, 5.

fĕro, tuli, latum, ferre (ante-class. redupl. form in the tempp. perff.:

tetuli,

Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 84; 168; id. Men. 4, 2, 25; 66; id. Rud. prol. 68: tetulisti, Att. and Caecil. ap. Non. 178, 17 sq.:

tetulit,

Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 40; id. Men. 2, 3, 30; Ter. And. 5, 1, 13:

tetulerunt,

Lucr. 6, § 672:

tetulissem,

Ter. And. 4, 5, 13:

tetulisse,

Plaut. Rud. 4, 1, 2:

tetulero,

id. Cist. 3, 19:

tetulerit,

id. Poen. 3, 1, 58; id. Rud. 4, 3, 101), v. a. and n. [a wide-spread root; Sanscr. bhar-, carry, bharas, burden; Gr. pherô; Goth. bar, bairo, bear, produce, whence barn, child; Anglo-Saxon beran, whence Engl. bear, birth; cf. Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 300; Fick, Vergl. Wort. p. 135. The perf. forms, tuli, etc., from the root tul-, tol-; Sanscr. tol-jami, lift, weigh; Gr. tlênai, endure, cf. talas, talanton; Lat. tollo, tolerare, (t)latus, etc. Cf. Goth. thulan, Germ. dulden, Geduld; Anglo-Sax. tholian, suffer. Supine latum, i. e. tlatum; cf. supra; v. Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 220; Corss. Ausspr. 2, 73], to bear, carry, bring. (For syn. cf.: gero, porto, bajulo, veho; effero, infero; tolero, patior, sino, permitto, etc.)

Lit.

In gen.:

ferri proprie dicimus, quae quis suo corpore bajulat, portari ea, quae quis in jumento secum ducit, agi ea, quae animalia sunt,

Dig. 50, 16, 235: oneris quidvis feret, Ter. Ph. 3, 3, 29:

quin te in fundo conspicer fodere aut arare aut aliquid ferre,

id. Heaut. 1, 1, 17:

numerus eorum, qui arma ferre possent,

Caes. B. G. 1, 29, 1:

arma et vallum,

Hor. Epod. 9, 13:

sacra Junonis,

id. S. 1, 3, 11:

cadaver nudis humeris (heres),

id. ib. 2, 5, 86:

argentum ad aliquem,

Plaut. As. 3, 3, 142; cf.:

symbolum filio,

id. Bacch. 2, 3, 30:

olera et pisciculos minutos ferre obolo in cenam seni,

Ter. And. 2, 2, 32; cf.:

vina et unguenta et flores,

Hor. C. 2, 3, 14:

discerpta ferentes Memora gruis,

id. S. 2, 8, 86; cf.:

talos, nucesque sinu laxo,

id. ib. 2, 3, 172:

in Capitolium faces,

Cic. Lael. 11, 37:

iste operta lectica latus per oppidum est ut mortuus,

id. Phil. 2, 41, 106:

lectica in Capitolium latus est,

Suet. Claud. 2:

circa judices latus (puer),

Quint. 6, 1, 47:

prae se ferens (in essedo) Darium puerum,

Suet. Calig. 19.— Poet. with inf.:

natum ad Stygios iterum fero mergere fontes,

Stat. Ach. 1, 134.—Prov.:

ferre aliquem in oculis, or simply oculis,

i. e. to hold dear, love exceedingly, Cic. Phil. 6, 4, 11; id. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 3, § 9; Q. Cic. Fam. 16, 27, 2.—

In partic.

With the idea of motion predominating, to set in motion, esp. to move onward quickly or rapidly, to bear, lead, conduct, or drive away; with se or mid. (so esp. freq.), to move or go swiftly, to haste, speed, betake one's self; and of things, to flow, mount, run down.

Act.:

ubi in rapidas amnis dispeximus undas: Stantis equi corpus transvorsum ferre videtur Vis, et in advorsum flumen contrudere raptim: Et, quocumque oculos trajecimus, omnia ferri Et fluere assimili nobis ratione videntur,

Lucr. 4, 422 sq.:

ubi cernimus alta Exhalare vapore altaria, ferreque fumum,

to send up, id. 3, 432; cf.:

vis ut vomat ignes, Ad caelumque ferat flammai fulgura rursum,

id. 1, 725; and:

caelo supinas si tuleris manus,

raisest, Hor. C. 3, 23, 1:

te rursus in bellum resorbens Unda fretis tulit aestuosis,

id. ib. 2, 7, 16; cf.:

ire, pedes quocumque ferent,

id. Epod. 16, 21; and:

me per Aegaeos tumultus Aura feret,

id. C. 3, 29, 64:

signa ferre,

to put the standards in motion, to break up, Caes. B. G. 1, 39 fin.; 1, 40, 12; Liv. 10, 5, 1 al.:

pol, si id scissem, numquam huc tetulissem pedem,

have stirred foot, have come, Ter. And. 4, 5, 13:

pedem,

Verg. A. 2, 756; Val. Fl. 7, 112:

gressum,

to walk, Lucr. 4, 681; cf.:

agiles gressus,

Sil. 3, 180:

vagos gradus,

Ov. M. 7, 185:

vestigia,

Sil. 9, 101:

vagos cursus,

id. 9, 243.— Absol.:

quo ventus ferebat,

bore, drove, Caes. B. G. 3, 15, 3:

interim, si feret flatus, danda sunt vela,

Quint. 10, 3, 7:

itinera duo, quae extra murum ad portum ferebant,

led, Caes. B. C. 1, 27, 4:

pergit ad speluncam, si forte eo vestigia ferrent,

Liv. 1, 7, 6.—Prov.:

in silvam ligna ferre,

to carry coals to Newcastle, Hor. S. 1, 10, 34.—

With se or mid., to move or go swiftly, to hasten, rush:

cum ipsa paene insula mihi sese obviam ferre vellet,

to meet, Cic. Planc. 40, 96; cf.:

non dubitaverim me gravissimis tempestatibus obvium ferre,

id. Rep. 1, 4:

hinc ferro accingor rursus... meque extra tecta ferebam,

Verg. A. 2, 672; 11, 779:

grassatorum plurimi palam se ferebant,

Suet. Aug. 32.—Of things as subjects:

ubi forte ita se tetulerunt semina aquarum,

i. e. have collected themselves, Lucr. 6, 672.—Mid.:

ad eum omni celeritate et studio incitatus ferebatur,

proceeded, Caes. B. C. 3, 78, 2:

alii aliam in partem perterriti ferebantur,

betook themselves, fled, id. B. G. 2, 24, 3:

(fera) supra venabula fertur,

rushes, springs, Verg. A. 9, 553:

huc juvenis nota fertur regione viarum,

proceeds, id. ib. 11, 530:

densos fertur moribundus in hostes,

rushes, id. ib. 2, 511:

quocumque feremur, danda vela sunt,

Cic. Or. 23, 75; cf.:

non alto semper feremur,

Quint. 12, 10, 37:

ego, utrum Nave ferar magna an parva, ferar unus et idem,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 200:

non tenui ferar Penna biformis per liquidum aethera Vates,

fly, id. C. 2, 20, 1.—Of inanimate subjects:

(corpuscula rerum) ubi tam volucri levitate ferantur,

move, Lucr. 4, 195; cf.:

quae cum mobiliter summa levitate feruntur,

id. 4, 745; cf.:

tellus neque movetur et infima est, et in eam feruntur omnia nutu suo pondera,

Cic. Rep. 6, 17 fin.:

Rhenus longo spatio per fines Nantuatium, etc.... citatus fertur,

flows, Caes. B. G. 4, 10, 3; cf. Hirt. B. [p. 738] G. 8, 40, 3:

ut (flamma) ad caelum usque ferretur,

ascended, arose, Suet. Aug. 94.—

Rarely ferre = se ferre: quem procul conspiciens ad se ferentem pertimescit,

Nep. Dat. 4 fin. —

To carry off, take away by force, as a robber, etc.: to plunder, spoil, ravage:

alii rapiunt incensa feruntque Pergama,

Verg. A. 2, 374:

postquam te (i. e. exstinctum Daphnin) fata tulerunt,

snatched away, id. E. 5, 34. So esp. in the phrase ferre et agere, of taking booty, plundering, where ferre applies to portable things, and agere to men and cattle; v. ago.—

To bear, produce, yield:

plurima tum tellus etiam majora ferebat, etc.,

Lucr. 5, 942 sq.; cf.:

quae autem terra fruges ferre, et, ut mater, cibos suppeditare possit,

Cic. Leg. 2, 27, 67:

quem (florem) ferunt terrae solutae,

Hor. C. 1, 4, 10:

quibus jugera fruges et Cererem ferunt,

id. ib. 3, 24, 13:

angulus iste feret piper et thus,

id. Ep. 1, 14, 23:

(olea) fructum ramis pluribus feret,

Quint. 8, 3, 10.— Absol.:

ferundo arbor peribit,

Cato, R. R. 6, 2.—

Of a woman or sheanimal, to bear offspring, be pregnant:

ignorans nurum ventrem ferre,

Liv. 1, 34, 3;

of animals: equa ventrem fert duodecim menses, vacca decem, ovis et capra quinque, sus quatuor,

Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 19; cf.:

cervi octonis mensibus ferunt partus,

Plin. 8, 32, 50, § 112:

nec te conceptam saeva leaena tulit,

Tib. 3, 4, 90.— Poet.:

quem tulerat mater claro Phoenissa Laconi,

i. e. had borne, Sil. 7, 666.—

To offer as an oblation:

liba et Mopsopio dulcia melle feram,

Tib. 1, 7, 54; so,

liba,

id. 1, 10, 23:

lancesque et liba Baccho,

Verg. G. 2, 394:

tura superis, altaribus,

Ov. M. 11, 577.—

To get, receive, acquire, obtain, as gain, a reward, a possession, etc.:

quod posces, feres,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 106; cf.: quodvis donum et praemium a me optato;

id optatum feres,

Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 27:

fructus ex sese (i. e. re publica) magna acerbitate permixtos tulissem,

Cic. Planc. 38, 92:

partem praedae,

id. Rosc. Am. 37, 107:

ille crucem pretium sceleris tulit, hic diadema,

Juv. 13, 105:

coram rege sua de paupertate tacentes Plus poscente ferent,

Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 44.

Trop.

In gen., to bear, carry, bring:

satis haec tellus morbi caelumque mali fert,

bears, contains, Lucr. 6, 663;

veterrima quaeque, ut ea vina, quae vetustatem ferunt, esse debent suavissima,

which carry age, are old, Cic. Lael. 19, 67:

scripta vetustatem si modo nostra ferent,

will have, will attain to, Ov. Tr. 5, 9, 8:

nomen alicujus,

to bear, have, Cic. Off. 3, 18, 74; cf.:

insani sapiens nomen ferat, aequus iniqui,

Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 15:

nomen,

Suet. Aug. 101; id. Calig. 47:

cognomen,

id. Aug. 43; id. Galb. 3; cf.:

ille finis Appio alienae personae ferendae fuit,

of bearing an assumed character, Liv. 3, 36, 1:

Archimimus personam ejus ferens,

personating, Suet. Vesp. 19; cf.

also: (Garyophyllon) fert et in spinis piperis similitudinem,

Plin. 12, 7, 15, § 30: fer mi auxilium, bring assistance, aid, help, Enn. ap. Cic. Ac. 2, 28, 29 (Trag. v. 50 ed. Vahl.); cf.:

alicui opem auxiliumque ferre,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 3, § 9:

auxilium alicui,

Plaut. Stich. 2, 2, 5; Ter. And. 1, 1, 115; Cic. Cat. 2, 9, 19; Caes. B. G. 1, 13, 5; 4, 12, 5; Hor. Epod. 1, 21 et saep.: opem, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 31, 66 (Trag. v. 86 ed. Vahl.):

opem alicui,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 3, 23; Ter. And. 3, 1, 15; id. Ad. 3, 4, 41; Cic. Rab. Perd. 1, 3 (with succurrere saluti); id. Fin. 2, 35, 118 (with salutem); id. Fam. 5, 4, 2:

subsidium alicui,

Caes. B. G. 2, 26, 2:

condicionem,

to proffer, id. ib. 4, 11, 3; cf. Cic. Rosc. Am. 11, 30:

Coriolanus ab sede sua cum ferret matri obviae complexum,

offered, Liv. 2, 40, 5:

si qua fidem tanto est operi latura vetustas,

will bring, procure, Verg. A. 10, 792:

ea vox audita laborum Prima tulit finem,

id. ib. 7, 118: suspicionem falsam, to entertain suspicion, Enn. ap. Non. 511, 5 (Trag. v. 348 ed. Vahl.).—

In partic.

(Acc. to I. B. 1.) To move, to bring, lead, conduct, drive, raise:

quem tulit ad scenam ventoso gloria curru,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 177; so,

animi quaedam ingenita natura... recta nos ad ea, quae conveniunt causae, ferant,

Quint. 5, 10, 123; cf. absol.:

nisi illud, quod eo, quo intendas, ferat deducatque, cognoris,

Cic. de Or. 1, 30, 135:

exstincti ad caelum gloria fertur,

Lucr. 6, 8; cf.:

laudibus aliquem in caelum ferre,

to extol, praise, Cic. Fam. 10, 26, 2; cf. id. Rep. 1, 43; Quint. 10, 1, 99; Suet. Otho, 12; id. Vesp. 6:

eam pugnam miris laudibus,

Liv. 7, 10, 14; cf.:

saepe rem dicendo subiciet oculis: saepe supra feret quam fieri possit,

wilt exalt, magnify, Cic. Or. 40, 139:

ferte sermonibus et multiplicate fama bella,

Liv. 4, 5, 6:

ferre in majus vero incertas res fama solet,

id. 21, 32, 7:

crudelitate et scelere ferri,

to be impelled, carried away, Cic. Clu. 70, 199:

praeceps amentia ferebare,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 46, § 121; cf.:

ferri avaritia,

id. Quint. 11, 38:

orator suo jam impetu fertur,

Quint. 12 praef. §

3: eloquentia, quae cursu magno sonituque ferretur,

Cic. Or. 28, 97; cf.:

(eloquentia) feratur non semitis sed campis,

Quint. 5, 14, 31:

oratio, quae ferri debet ac fluere,

id. 9, 4, 112; cf.:

quae (historia) currere debet ac ferri,

id. 9, 4, 18; so often: animus fert (aliquem aliquo), the mind moves one to any thing:

quo cujusque animus fert, eo discedunt,

Sall. J. 54, 4; cf.:

milites procurrentes consistentesque, quo loco ipsorum tulisset animus,

Liv. 25, 21, 5; and:

qua quemque animus fert, effugite superbiam regiam,

id. 40, 4, 14:

si maxime animus ferat,

Sall. C. 58, 6; cf. Ov. M. 1, 775.—With an object-clause, the mind moves one to do any thing, Ov. M. 1, 1; Luc. 1, 67; Suet. Otho, 6; cf.

also: mens tulit nos ferro exscindere Thebas,

Stat. Th. 4, 753.—

(Acc. to I. B. 2.) To carry off, take away:

omnia fert aetas, animum quoque,

Verg. E. 9, 51:

postquam te fata tulerunt,

id. ib. 5, 34:

invida Domitium fata tulere sibi,

Anthol. Lat. 4, 123, 8;

like efferre,

to carry forth to burial, Ov. Tr. 1, 3, 89.—

(Acc. to I. B. 3.) To bear, bring forth, produce:

haec aetas prima Athenis oratorem prope perfectum tulit,

Cic. Brut. 12, 45:

aetas parentum, pejor avis, tulit Nos nequiores,

Hor. C. 3, 6, 46:

Curium tulit et Camillum Saeva paupertas,

id. ib. 1, 12, 42.—

(Acc. to I. B. 6.) To bear away, to get, obtain, receive:

Cotta et Sulpicius omnium judicio facile primas tulerunt,

Cic. Brut. 49, 183:

palmam,

to carry off, win, id. Att. 4, 15, 6:

victoriam ex inermi,

to gain, Liv. 39, 51, 10; 2, 50, 2; 8, 8, 18:

gratiam et gloriam annonae levatae,

id. 4, 12, 8:

maximam laudem inter suos,

Caes. B. G. 6, 21, 4:

centuriam, tribus,

i. e. to get their votes, Cic. Planc. 20, 49; 22, 53; id. Phil. 2, 2, 4:

suffragia,

Suet. Caes. 13 (diff. from 8. a.):

responsum ab aliquo,

to receive, Cic. Cat. 1, 8, 19; Caes. B. G. 6, 4 fin.:

repulsam a populo,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 19, 54:

repulsam,

id. de Or. 2, 69 fin.; id. Phil. 11, 8, 19; id. Att. 5, 19 al.: calumniam, i. e. to be convicted of a false accusation, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 1:

ita ut filius partem dimidiam hereditatis ferat,

Gai. Inst. 3, 8:

singulas portiones,

id. ib. 3, 16; 61.—

To bear, support any thing unpleasant; or pregn., to suffer, tolerate, endure.

To bear in any manner.

With acc.: servi injurias nimias aegre ferunt, Cato ap. Gell. 10, 3, 17:

(onus senectutis) modice ac sapienter sicut omnia ferre,

Cic. de Sen. 1, 2:

aegre ferre repulsam consulatus,

id. Tusc. 4, 17, 40:

hoc moderatiore animo ferre,

id. Fam. 6, 1, 6:

aliquid toleranter,

id. ib. 4, 6, 2:

clementer,

id. Att. 6, 1, 3:

quod eo magis ferre animo aequo videmur, quia, etc.,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 48, § 126:

ut tu fortunam, sic nos te, Celse, feremus,

Hor. Ep. 1, 8, 17.—

With an object-clause:

ut si quis aegre ferat, se pauperem esse,

take it ill, Cic. Tusc. 4, 27, 59:

hoc ereptum esse, graviter et acerbe ferre,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 58, § 152:

quomodo ferant veterani, exercitum Brutum habere,

id. Phil. 10, 7, 15.—

With de:

de Lentulo scilicet sic fero, ut debeo,

Cic. Att. 4, 6, 1:

quomodo Caesar ferret de auctoritate perscripta,

id. ib. 5, 2, 3:

numquid moleste fers de illo, qui? etc.,

id. ib. 6, 8, 3.—

Absol.:

sin aliter acciderit, humaniter feremus,

Cic. Att. 1, 2, 1:

si mihi imposuisset aliquid, animo iniquo tulissem,

id. ib. 15, 26, 4.—

Pregn., to bear or put up with, to suffer, tolerate, endure, sustain, resist.

With acc.: quis hanc contumeliam, quis hoc imperium, quis hanc servitutem ferre potest? Cato ap. Gell. 10, 3, 17:

qui potentissimorum hominum contumaciam numquam tulerim, ferrem hujus asseclae?

Cic. Att. 6, 3, 6:

cujus desiderium civitas ferre diutius non potest,

id. Phil. 10, 10, 21:

cogitandi non ferebat laborem,

id. Brut. 77, 268:

unum impetum nostrorum,

Caes. B. G. 3, 19, 3:

vultum atque aciem oculorum,

id. ib. 1, 39, 1:

cohortatio gravior quam aures Sulpicii ferre didicissent,

to hear unmoved, Cic. Phil. 9, 4, 9:

vultum,

Hor. S. 1, 6, 121:

multa tulit fecitque puer, sudavit et alsit,

id. A. P. 413:

spectatoris fastidia,

id. Ep. 2, 1, 215:

fuisse (Epaminondam) patientem suorumque injurias ferentem civium,

Nep. Epam. 7.—Of personal objects:

quem ferret, si parentem non ferret suum?

brook, Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 28:

optimates quis ferat, qui, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 1, 33:

vereor, ut jam nos ferat quisquam,

Quint. 8, 3, 25:

an laturi sint Romani talem regem,

id. 7, 1, 24:

quis enim ferat puerum aut adolescentulum, si, etc.,

id. 8, 5, 8.—

With an object-clause:

ferunt aures hominum, illa... laudari,

Cic. de Or. 2, 84, 344:

non feret assiduas potiori te dare noctes,

Hor. Epod. 15, 13; Ov. M. 2, 628:

illa quidem in hoc opere praecipi quis ferat?

Quint. 11, 3, 27; 11, 1, 69:

servo nubere nympha tuli,

Ov. H. 5, 12; cf.:

alios vinci potuisse ferendum est,

id. M. 12, 555. —

With quod:

quod rapta, feremus, dummodo reddat eam,

Ov. M. 5, 520:

illud non ferendum, quod, etc.,

Quint. 11, 3, 131. —

With the access, notion of publicity, to make public, to disclose, show, exhibit:

eum ipsum dolorem hic tulit paulo apertius,

Cic. Planc. 14, 34; cf.:

laetitiam apertissime tulimus omnes,

id. Att. 14, 13, 2:

neque id obscure ferebat nec dissimulare ullo modo poterat,

id. Clu. 19, 54:

haud clam tulit iram adversus praetorem,

Liv. 31, 47, 4; cf.:

tacite ejus verecundiam non tulit senatus, quin, etc.,

id. 5, 28, 1.—

Prae se ferre, to show, manifest, to let be seen, to declare:

cujus rei tantae facultatem consecutum esse me, non profiteor: secutum me esse, prae me fero,

Cic. N. D. 1, 5, 12:

noli, quaeso, prae te ferre, vos plane expertes esse doctrinae,

id. ib. 2, 18, 47:

non mediocres terrores... prae se fert et ostentat,

id. Att. 2, 23, 3:

hanc virtutem prae se ferunt,

Quint. 2, 13, 11:

liberalium disciplinarum prae se scientiam tulit,

id. 12, 11, 21:

magnum animum (verba),

id. 11, 1, 37.—Of inanim. and abstr. subjects:

(comae) turbatae prae se ferre aliquid affectus videntur,

Quint. 11, 3, 148:

oratio prae se fert felicissimam facilitatem,

id. 10, 1, 11.—

Of speech, to report, relate, make known, assert, celebrate:

haec omnibus ferebat sermonibus,

Caes. B. C. 2, 17, 2:

alii alia sermonibus ferebant Romanos facturos,

Liv. 33, 32, 3:

ferte sermonibus et multiplicate fama bella,

id. 4, 5, 6:

patres ita fama ferebant, quod, etc.,

id. 23, 31, 13; cf. with acc.:

hascine propter res maledicas famas ferunt,

Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 149:

famam,

id. Pers. 3, 1, 23:

fama eadem tulit,

Tac. A. 1, 5; cf. id. ib. 15, 60:

nec aliud per illos dies populus credulitate, prudentes diversa fama, tulere,

talk about, id. ib. 16, 2:

inimici famam non ita, ut nata est, ferunt,

Plaut. Pers. 3, 1, 23:

quod fers, cedo,

tell, say, Ter. Ph. 5, 6, 17:

nostra (laus) semper feretur et praedicabitur, etc.,

Cic. Arch. 9, 21.—With an object-clause:

cum ipse... acturum se id per populum aperte ferret,

Liv. 28, 40, 2; id. ib. §

1: saepe homines morbos magis esse timendos ferunt quam Tartara leti,

Lucr. 3, 42:

Prognen ita velle ferebat,

Ov. M. 6, 470; 14, 527:

ipsi territos se ferebant,

Tac. H. 4, 78; id. A. 4, 58; 6, 26 (32); cf.:

mihi fama tulit fessum te caede procubuisse, etc.,

Verg. A. 6, 503:

commentarii ad senatum missi ferebant, Macronem praesedisse, etc.,

Tac. A. 6, 47 (53).—

Ferunt, fertur, feruntur, etc., they relate, tell, say; it is said, it appears, etc.—With inf.:

quin etiam Xenocratem ferunt, cum quaereretur ex eo, etc... respondisse, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 1, 2:

fuisse quendam ferunt Demaratum, etc.,

id. ib. 2, 19:

quem ex Hyperboreis Delphos ferunt advenisse,

id. N. D. 3, 23, 57; Hor. C. 3, 17, 2:

homo omnium in dicendo, ut ferebant, accrrimus et copiosissimus,

Cic. de Or. 1, 11, 45:

Ceres fertur fruges... mortalibus instituisse,

Lucr. 5, 14:

in Syria quoque fertur item locus esse, etc.,

id. 6, 755:

is Amulium regem interemisse fertur,

Cic. Rep. 2, 3:

qui in contione dixisse fertur,

id. ib. 2, 10 fin.:

quam (urbem) Juno fertur terris omnibus unam coluisse,

Verg. A. 1, 15:

non sat idoneus Pugnae ferebaris,

you were accounted, held, Hor. C. 2, 19, 27:

si ornate locutus est, sicut fertur et mihi videtur,

Cic. de Or. 1, 11, 49; cf.: cum quaestor ex Macedonia venissem Athenas florente [p. 739] Academia, ut temporibus illis ferebatur, id. ib. § 45.—

To give out, to pass off a person or thing by any name or for any thing; and, in the pass., to pass for any thing, to pass current:

hunc (Mercurium) omnium inventorem artium ferunt,

Caes. B. G. 6, 17, 1:

ut Servium conditorem posteri fama ferrent,

Liv. 1, 42, 4:

qui se Philippum regiaeque stirpis ferebat, cum esset ultimae,

set himself up for, boast, Vell. 1, 11, 1:

avum M. Antonium, avunculum Augustum ferens,

boasting of, Tac. A. 2, 43; cf.:

qui ingenuum se et Lachetem mutato nomine coeperat ferre,

Suet. Vesp. 23:

ante Periclem, cujus scripta quaedam feruntur,

Cic. Brut. 7, 27 (quoted paraphrastically, Quint. 3, 1, 12): sub nomine meo libri ferebantur artis rhetoricae, Quint. prooem. 7; cf.:

cetera, quae sub nomine meo feruntur,

id. 7, 2, 24; Suet. Caes. 55; id. Aug. 31; id. Caes. 20:

multa ejus (Catonis) vel provisa prudenter vel acta constanter vel responsa acute ferebantur,

Cic. Lael. 2, 6:

qua ex re in pueritia nobilis inter aequales ferebatur,

Nep. Att. 1, 3.—

Polit. and jurid. t. t.

Suffragium or sententiam, to give in one's vote, to vote, Varr. R. R. 3, 2, 1; cf.:

ferunt suffragia,

Cic. Rep. 1, 31; id. Fam. 11, 27, 7:

de quo foedere populus Romanus sententiam non tulit,

id. Balb. 15, 34; cf.:

de quo vos (judices) sententiam per tabellam feretis,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 47, § 104;

so of the voting of judges,

id. Clu. 26, 72;

of senators: parcite, ut sit qui in senatu de bello et pace sententiam ferat,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 31, § 76; cf. id. Fam. 11, 21, 2.—

Legem (privilegium, rogationem) ad populum, or absol., to bring forward or move a proposition, to propose a law, etc.:

perniciose Philippus in tribunatu, cum legem agrariam ferret, etc.,

Cic. Off. 2, 21, 73; cf. id. Sull. 23, 65:

quae lex paucis his annis lata esset,

id. Corn. 1, 3 (vol. xi. p. 10 B. and K.):

familiarissimus tuus de te privilegium tulit, ut, etc.,

id. Par. 4, 32:

Sullam illam rogationem de se nolle ferri (shortly before: Lex ferri coepta),

id. Sull. 23, 65:

rogationem de aliquo, contra or in aliquem, ad populum, ad plebem,

id. Balb. 14, 33; id. Clu. 51, 140; id. Brut. 23, 89; Caes. B. C. 3, 1, 4; Liv. 33, 25, 7:

nescis, te ipsum ad populum tulisse, ut, etc.,

proposed a bill, Cic. Phil. 2, 43, 100:

ut P. Scaevola tribunus plebis ferret ad plebem, vellentne, etc.,

id. Fin. 2, 16, 54; cf. Liv. 33, 25, 6:

quod Sulla ipse ita tulit de civitate, ut, etc.,

Cic. Caecin. 35, 102:

nihil de judicio ferebat,

id. Sull. 22, 63:

cum, ut absentis ratio haberetur, ferebamus,

id. Att. 7, 6, 2.— Impers.:

lato ut solet ad populum, ut equum escendere liceret,

Liv. 23, 14, 2. —

Judicem, said of the plaintiff, to offer or propose to the defendant as judge:

quem ego si ferrem judicem, refugere non deberet,

Cic. Rosc. Com. 15, 45; id. de Or. 2, 70, 285.—Hence, judicem alicui, in gen., to propose a judge to, i. e. to bring a suit against, to sue a person:

se iterum ac saepius judicem illi ferre,

Liv. 3, 57, 5; 3, 24, 5; 8, 33, 8.—

Mercant. t. t., to enter, to set or note down a sum in a book:

quod minus Dolabella Verri acceptum rettulit, quam Verres illi expensum tulerit, etc.,

i. e. has set down as paid, has paid, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 39, § 100 sq., v. expendo.—

Absol., of abstr. subjects, to require, demand, render necessary; to allow, permit, suffer:

ita sui periculi rationes ferre ac postulare,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 40, § 105; cf.:

gravioribus verbis uti, quam natura fert,

id. Quint. 18, 57: quid ferat Fors, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38 (Ann. 203 ed. Vahl.):

quamdiu voluntas Apronii tulit,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 23, § 57:

ut aetas illa fert,

as is usual at that time of life, id. Clu. 60, 168:

ad me, ut tempora nostra, non ut amor tuus fert, vere perscribe,

id. Q. Fr. 1, 4, 5:

quod ita existimabam tempora rei publicae ferre,

id. Pis. 2, 5:

si ita commodum vestrum fert,

id. Agr. 2, 28, 77:

prout Thermitani hominis facultates ferebant,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 34, § 83:

si vestra voluntas feret,

if such be your pleasure, id. de Imp. Pomp. 24, 70:

ut opinio et spes et conjectura nostra fert,

according to our opinion, hope, and belief, id. Att. 2, 25, 2:

ut mea fert opinio,

according to my opinion, id. Clu. 16, 46: si occasio tulerit, if occasion require, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 21, 6:

dum tempus ad eam rem tulit, sivi, animum ut expleret suum,

Ter. And. 1, 2, 17: in hac ratione quid res, quid causa, quid tempus ferat, tu perspicies, Cic. Fam. 1, 7, 6:

natura fert, ut extrema ex altera parte graviter, ex altera autem acute sonent,

id. Rep. 6, 18.— Impers.:

sociam se cujuscumque fortunae, et, si ita ferret, comitem exitii promittebat (sc. res or fortuna),

Tac. A. 3, 15; so,

si ita ferret,

id. H. 2, 44.

Fūrĭus (archaic Fūsius, Quint. 1, 4, 13; Liv. 3, 4 init.; cf. the letter R), a, a Roman family name.

M. Furius Camillus, the deliverer of Rome from the Gauls, Liv. 5, 19 sq.; Cic. Rep. 1, 3; id. Tusc. 1, 37, 90.—

M. Furius Bibaculus, a Roman poet of Cremona, a contemporary of Cicero. —

A. Furius Antias, a poet, the friend of Q. Lutatius Catulus the elder, Cic. Brut. 35, 132.—

L. Furius Philus, consul in the year 618 A.U.C., who is introduced as a speaker in Cicero's Republic al.—

Derivv.

Fūrĭus ( Fūsius), a, um, adj., of or belonging to a Furius (Fusius), Furian (Fusian):

data fato quodam Furiae genti Gallica bella, Liv 31, 48, 12: cedo mihi leges Atinias, Furias, Fusias (al. Fufias),

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 42, § 109; so,

lex Furia (testamentaria),

Gai. Inst. 2, 225; 4, 23 sq.:

lex Furia Caninia (de manumissionibus),

id. ib. 1, 42;

for which: lex Fusia Caninia,

Cod. Just. 7, 3.—

Fūrĭānus a, um, adj., Furian:

poëmata,

i. e. of the poet A. Furius Antias, Gell. 18, 11, 4.— Subst.: Fūrĭāni, ōrum, m., the soldiers of M. Furius Camillus, the Furians, Liv. 6, 9, 11.

Fūrĭus (archaic Fūsius, Quint. 1, 4, 13; Liv. 3, 4 init.; cf. the letter R), a, a Roman family name.

M. Furius Camillus, the deliverer of Rome from the Gauls, Liv. 5, 19 sq.; Cic. Rep. 1, 3; id. Tusc. 1, 37, 90.—

M. Furius Bibaculus, a Roman poet of Cremona, a contemporary of Cicero. —

A. Furius Antias, a poet, the friend of Q. Lutatius Catulus the elder, Cic. Brut. 35, 132.—

L. Furius Philus, consul in the year 618 A.U.C., who is introduced as a speaker in Cicero's Republic al.—

Derivv.

Fūrĭus ( Fūsius), a, um, adj., of or belonging to a Furius (Fusius), Furian (Fusian):

data fato quodam Furiae genti Gallica bella, Liv 31, 48, 12: cedo mihi leges Atinias, Furias, Fusias (al. Fufias),

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 42, § 109; so,

lex Furia (testamentaria),

Gai. Inst. 2, 225; 4, 23 sq.:

lex Furia Caninia (de manumissionibus),

id. ib. 1, 42;

for which: lex Fusia Caninia,

Cod. Just. 7, 3.—

Fūrĭānus a, um, adj., Furian:

poëmata,

i. e. of the poet A. Furius Antias, Gell. 18, 11, 4.— Subst.: Fūrĭāni, ōrum, m., the soldiers of M. Furius Camillus, the Furians, Liv. 6, 9, 11.

īdem, ĕădem, ĭdem ( masc. eidem, freq. in MSS. and inscrr.; v. Lachm. ad Lucr. 1, 120; rarely isdem or eisdem; plur. nom. eidem; dat. and abl. eisdem; usu. contr. idem, isdem; not iidem, iisdem; v. Neue, Formenl. 2, 198 sqq.), pron. [from the pronom. root I, whence is, and the demonstr. suff. dem; root of dies, day, time; hence, just, exactly, Corss. Aussp. 2, 855], the same.

In gen.:

deinde quod nos eadem Asia atque idem iste Mithridates initio belli Asiatici docuit,

Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 7, 19:

quam (sphaeram) ab eodem Archimede factam posuerat in templo Virtutis Marcellus idem,

id. Rep. 1, 14:

id, quod eidem Ciceroni placet,

Quint. 10, 7, 28:

jure erat semper idem vultus (Socratis),

Cic. Tusc. 3, 15, 31:

idem semper vultus eademque frons,

id. Off. 1, 26, 90:

tu autem eodem modo omnes causas ages? aut in iisdem causis perpetuum et eundem spiritum sine ulla commutatione obtinebis?

id. Or. 31, 110:

non quod alia res esset: immo eadem,

id. Clu. 29, 80:

etiam si verbo differre videbitur, re tamen erit unum et omnibus in causis idem valebit,

id. Caecin. 21, 59:

ad causas simillimas inter se vel potius easdem,

id. Brut. 94, 324. —

In partic., idem is used,

When two predicates are referred to the same subject.

When the predicates are of the same kind it may often be rendered, at the same time, likewise, also, etc., or = is (ea, id) with quoque, etiam, simul, etc.:

cum Academico et eodem rhetore congredi conatus sum,

Cic. N. D. 2, 1, 1; cf.:

oratio splendida et grandis et eadem in primis faceta,

id. Brut. 79, 273:

avunculus meus, vir innocentissimus idemque doctissimus,

id. N. D. 3, 32, 80:

jam M. Marcellus ille quinquies consul totum (auspicium) omisit, idem imperator, idem augur optimus,

id. Div. 2, 36, 77:

ubi Xenocrates, ubi Aristoteles ista tetigit? hos enim quasi eosdem esse vultis,

id. Ac. 2, 44, 136; cf.:

viros fortes, magnanimos, eosdem bonos et simplices esse volumus,

id. Off. 1, 19, 63:

Caninius idem et idem noster cum ad me pervesperi venisset, etc.,

id. Fam. 9, 2, 1:

amicus est tamquam alter idem,

a second self, id. Lael. 21, 80:

ad idem semper exspectandum paratior,

id. Off. 2, 15, 53:

nam idem velle atque idem nolle, ea demum firma amicitia est,

Sall. C. 20, 5; cf.:

quos omnes eadem odisse, eadem metuere in unum coeëgit,

id. J. 31, 14:

Hisdem diebus, for eisdem,

Pall. 10, 13:

hic finis belli,... idemque finis regni,

Liv. 45, 9, 2; 2, 12, 2:

quae ab condita urbe Roma ad captam urbem eandem Romani... gessere,

id. 6, 1, 1:

ut pars militum gladiatores, qui e servitio Blaesi erant, pars ceteram ejusdem familiam vincirent,

Tac. A. 1, 23:

erepta mihi prius eorundem matre,

Quint. 6 prooem. 4:

fervida aestas, longinqua itinera sola ducis patientia mitigabantur, eodem plura quam gregario milite tolerante,

Tac. A. 14, 24.—

When the predicates are in contrast with one another it may be rendered, nevertheless, yet, on the contrary:

(Epicurus) cum optimam et praestantissimam naturam dei dicat esse, negat idem esse in deo gratiam,

Cic. N. D. 1, 43, § 121; cf. Curt. 5, 1, 14.—

Esp.

Connected or corresp. with the pronouns ego, tu, hic, ille, iste, qui, and with unus:

idem ego ille (non enim mihi videor insolenter gloriari, etc.) idem inquam ego recreavi afflictos animos, etc.,

Cic. Att. 1, 16, 8:

ego idem, qui, etc.,

id. Or. 7, 23; cf.:

habitae sunt multae de me contiones... habuit de eodem me P. Lentulus consul contionem,

id. Sest. 50, 107:

cedo nunc ejusdem illius inimici mei de me eodem contionem,

id. ib. §

108: de me eodem,

id. ib. 51, 109:

quin tu igitur concedis idem, etc.,

id. Rep. 1, 39 fin. Mos.; cf.:

cognoram te in custodia salutis meae diligentem: eundemque te, etc.,

id. Att. 4, 1, 1:

Sopater quidam fuit, etc.... huic eidem Sopatro eidem inimici ad C. Verrem ejusdem rei nomen detulerunt,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 28, § 68:

cum est idem hic Sopater absolutus,

id. ib. 2, 2, 29, §

70: hoc idem facere,

id. Rep. 1, 35:

ab hisce eisdem permotionibus,

id. de Or. 1, 12, 53:

idem ille tyrannus,

id. Rep. 1, 42:

in eisdem illis locis,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 21, § 56:

eandem illam (sphaeram),

id. Rep. 1, 14:

eum et idem qui consuerunt et idem illud alii desiderent,

id. Off. 2, 15 fin.:

idem iste Mithridates,

id. de Imp. Pomp. 7, 19 (Klotz, Orell., B. and K.;

older edd., idem ipse): musici qui erant quondam idem poëtae,

id. de Or. 3, 44, 174; cf.:

beneficentia, quam eandem benignitatem appellari licet,

id. Off. 1, 7, 20:

quod idem in ceteris artibus non fit,

id. Fin. 3, 7, 24 fin.:

exitus quidem omnium unus et idem fuit,

id. Div. 2, 47, 97:

in qua (causa) omnes sentirent unum atque idem,

id. Cat. 4, 7, 14; cf.

in an inverted order: ut verset saepe multis modis eandem et unam rem,

id. Or. 40, 137:

neque ego aliter accepi: intellexi tamen idem, non existimasse te, etc.,

id. Fam. 9, 15, 3; id. Att. 3, 12, 1; 8, 3, 3.—

As a word of comparison, with et, ac, que, ut, qui ( quae, quod), quam, quasi, cum, or (mostly poet.) with the dat., the same as, identical with, of the same meaning as, etc.:

si quaeratur, idemne sit pertinacia et perseverantia,

Cic. Top. 23, 87: videmus fuisse quosdam, qui idem ornate ac graviter, idem versute et subtiliter dicerent, at the same time and as well as, id. Or. 7, 22; cf. id. Sull. 18, 51:

imperii nostri terrarumque idem est extremum,

id. Prov. Cons. 13, 33; cf. id. Cael. 28, 67:

disputationem habitam non quasi narrantes exponimus, sed eisdem fere verbis, ut actum disputatumque est,

id. Tusc. 2, 3, 9:

idem abeunt, qui venerant,

id. Fin. 4, 3, 7:

quoniam earum rerum quas ego gessi, non est eadem fortuna atque condicio, quae illorum qui, etc.,

id. Cat. 3, 12, 27:

non quo idem sit servulus quod familia,

id. Caecin. 20, 58:

qui (servi) et moribus eisdem essent, quibus dominus, et eodem genere ac loco nati,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 25, § 62:

eandem constituit potestatem quam si, etc.,

id. Agr. 2, 12, 30:

eodem loco res est, quasi ea pecunia legata non esset,

id. Leg. 2, 21, 53; cf.:

sensu amisso fit idem, quasi natus non esset omnino,

id. Lael. 4, 14.—With cum:

tibi mecum in eodem est pistrino vivendum,

Cic. de Or. 2, 33, 144:

hunc eodem mecum patre genitum, etc.,

Tac. A. 15, 2:

in eadem mecum Africa geniti fides,

Liv. 30, 12, 15; 28, 28, 14.—With dat.:

(Homerus) Sceptra potitus, eadem aliis sopitu' quiete est,

Lucr. 3, 1038; cf.:

invitum qui servat idem facit occidenti,

Hor. A. P. 467; so Ov. M. 13, 50; id. Am. 1, 4, 1 al.:

quod non idem illis censuissemus,

Cic. Fam. 9, 6, 3; Just. 2, 4, 10:

ille eadem nobis juratus in arma,

Ov. M. 13, 50.—In neutr. with gen.:

si idem nos juris haberemus quod ceteri,

Cic. Balb. 12, 29:

tibi idem consilii do, quod, etc.,

id. Fam. 9, 2, 2:

omnes qui ubique idem operis efficiunt,

Lact. 5, 4, 1:

non habet officii lucifer omnis idem,

Ov. F. 1, 46.— Advv.: eādem, eodem, v. h. v.

in-cēdo, cessi, cessum ( sync. perf. incesti, Plaut. Cas. 3, 6, 11), 3, v. n. and a., to go, step, or march along at a measured pace (class.).

Lit.

In gen.

Neutr.:

tenero et molli ingressu suspendimus gradum: non ambulamus, sed incedimus,

Sen. Q. N. 7, 31:

per vias,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 71; cf.:

socios per ipsos,

Verg. A. 5, 188:

viā,

Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 32:

tota in urbe,

Ov. F. 6, 653:

quacumque incederet,

Cic. Div. 1, 24, 49:

quam taeter incedebat, quam truculentus,

id. Sest. 8, 19:

incessit deinde, qua duxit praedae spes, victor exercitus,

Liv. 8, 36, 9:

etiam si pedes incedat, memorabilem fore,

id. 28, 9, 15: servi pedibus, liberi non nisi equis incedunt. i. e. walk... ride, Just. 41, 3, 4; cf.:

incedunt pueri, pariterque ante ora parentum Frenatis lucent in equis,

Verg. A. 5, 553:

a foro domum,

Plaut. Most. 4, 3, 6:

sessum impransum,

id. Poen. prol. 10:

qui huc incedit,

id. Most. 1, 3, 152:

ad me,

id. Am. 1, 1, 179:

huc ad nos,

id. Trin. 5, 2, 27; cf.:

undique nuntii incedunt, qui afferrent, etc.,

Tac. A. 11, 32:

ut ovans praeda onustus incederem,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 146:

vix incedo inanis, ne ire posse cum onere existumes,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 174:

quem modo decoratum ovantemque victoria incedentem vidistis,

Liv. 1, 16, 10; 2, 6, 7:

claro honore,

Lucr. 3, 76:

omnibus laetitiis,

Cic. Fam. 2, 9, 2:

incedunt per ora vestra magnifici,

Sall. J. 31, 10:

ego quae divum incedo regina,

who walk majestic as, who am, Verg. A. 1, 46; cf. Prop. 2, 2, 6:

matrona incedit census induta nepotum,

id. 3, 13, 11 (4, 12):

ut mea Luxuria Nemesis fluat ut que per urbem Incedat donis conspicienda meis,

Tib. 2, 3, 52.—

With acc.:

incedunt maestos locos,

Tac. A. 1, 61:

scaenam,

id. ib. 14, 15:

fontem aquae nando,

id. ib. 14, 22.—

In partic., in milit. lang., to move forwards, advance, march:

barbari in perculsos Romanos acrius incedere,

Sall. J. 101, 7:

in erumpentes,

Liv. 9, 21:

cohortes paulatim incedere jubet,

Sall. C. 60, 1:

munito agmine,

id. J. 46, 6:

agmen reliquum incedere coepit,

Liv. 21, 33, 1:

segnius Hispanorum signa incedebant,

id. 28, 14, 18:

Sabini usque ad portas urbis populantes incessere,

id. 2, 63, 7:

propius incedentes,

Tac. A. 4, 47:

quod gnarum duci incessitque itineri et proelio paratus,

id. ib. 1, 51 (Ritter, but Halm omits paratus).—

Trop.

In gen. (rare):

malitiae lenonis contra incedam,

will encounter, Plaut. Rud. 3, 3, 31:

facilius ad inventionem animus incedet si, etc.,

will proceed to, Cic. Inv. 2, 14, 45 Orell. N. cr. —

In partic.

To triumph over, exult over; with dat.:

meo nunc superbus incedis malo,

Hor. Epod. 15, 18:

ille superbus incedet victis rivalibus,

Juv. 12, 126.—

Of inanim. and abstr. subjects, to come to, happen to, befall, attack, seize one; to approach, arrive, appear, occur (perh. not in Cic.); constr. with dat., acc., in and acc., or absol.

With dat. (so most freq.):

exercitui omni tantus incessit ex incommodo dolor, ut, etc.,

Caes. B. C. 3, 74, 1:

magnus omnium incessit timor animis,

id. ib. 2, 29, 1:

mulieres, quibus belli timor insolitus incesserat, etc.,

Sall. C. 31, 3 Kritz N. cr.; id. H. 2, 60:

gravior cura patribus incessit,

Liv. 4, 57, 10:

incedebat enim deterrimo cuique licentia,

Tac. A. 3, 36:

cupido incessit animo,

Curt. 7, 11, 4; 3, 1, 16:

si sterilitas annorum incessit hominibus,

Col. 2, 10, 1; Val. Max. 1, 8, 5.—

With acc.:

ipsum ingens cupido incesserat Tarenti potiundi,

Liv. 24, 13, 5:

timor patres incessit, ne, etc.,

id. 1, 17, 4; 2, 7, 1; 2, 32, 1;

7, 39, 4 et saep.: indignatio hostes incessit,

id. 3, 60:

adversa valetudo aliquem,

Tac. A. 3, 71:

ingens animos desperatio incessit,

Curt. 4, 2, 16; 3, 8, 25:

stupor omnes et admiratio incessit,

Just. 22, 6, 11: cupido incessit aliquem (with acc. and inf.), Sulp. Sev. Chron. 1, 38, 6; 2, 16, 3.—

With in and acc.:

vis morbi, pestilentia incedit in castra, in Poenos Romanosque,

Liv. 29, 10, 3: pestilentia incesserat pari clade in Romanos [p. 918] Poenosque, id. 28, 46, 15.—

Absol.:

nova nunc religio unde istaec incessit?

Ter. And. 4, 3, 15:

tantus eo facto timor incessit,

Caes. B. C. 3, 101;

Auct. B. Alex. 7: postquam tenebrae incedebant,

Tac. A. 15, 37; cf.:

ubi crepusculum incesserit,

Col. 11, 1, 18:

ubi tempestas incessit,

id. 12, 2, 5:

frigora,

id. 12, 52, 12:

siccitates,

id. 5, 9, 11:

lascivia atque superbia incessere,

Sall. J. 41, 3:

ubi Romam legati venere, tanta commutatio incessit, uti, etc.,

id. ib. 13, 7:

religio deinde incessit, vitio eos creatos,

Liv. 8, 17, 4:

ubi pro modestia ac pudore ambitio et vis incedebat,

Tac. A. 3, 26:

haud invito imperatore ea fieri occultus rumor incedebat,

went abroad, spread about, id. ib. 2, 55 fin.

inter-cēdo, cessi, cessum, 3, v. n., to go or come between, to intervene, to be between (syn. intervenio).

Lit.

In gen.:

si quis intercedat tertius,

Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 56:

intercedente lunā,

Plin. 2, 11, 8, § 49:

palus intercedebat,

Caes. B. G. 7, 26:

sylvae paludesque intercedebant,

id. ib. 5, 52:

inter singulas legiones impedimentorum magnum numerum intercedere,

id. ib. 2, 17, 2.—

In partic.

To occur, happen, come to pass:

saepe in bello parvis momentis magni casus intercedunt,

Caes. B. C. 1, 21:

inter bellorum curas res parva intercessit,

Liv. 34, 1:

nullum dictum intercessit,

Cic. Fam. 1, 9.—

Trop.

Of time, to intervene, pass:

vix annus intercesserat, cum, etc.,

Cic. de Or. 2, 21:

intercessere pauci dies,

Liv. 2, 64:

nox nulla intercessit,

Cic. Cat. 1, 2:

una nox intercesserat,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 36; id. Clu. 20.—

To be, exist, or come between persons.

In order or rank:

etsi nemo intercedebat, etc.,

Cic. Brut. 47, 173.—

In feelings or conduct:

ira inter eas intercessit,

Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 25:

tacebit dum intercedat familiaritas,

as long as our friendship lasts, id. Phorm. 4, 1, 17:

inter nosmetipsos vetus usus intercedit,

Cic. Fam. 13, 23, 1:

ut ei cum genere humano quasi civile jus intercederet,

id. Fin. 3, 20:

nisi intercederent mihi inimicitiae cum istius mulieris viro,

id. Cael. 13:

inter nos officia paria intercedunt,

id. Fam. 13, 65, 1; Nep. Att. 20:

huic cum reliquis... bella intercesserant,

Caes. B. G. 5, 11.—

To interpose one ' s credit, become surety for a person:

promisit, intercessit, dedit,

Cic. Att. 1, 16:

pro aliquo,

id. Phil. 2, [p. 978] 18, 45:

pro aliquo magnam pecuniam,

to procure for a person by becoming surety for him, id. Att. 6, 1, 5:

in omni genere negotiorum et obligationum... intercedere mulieres prohibentur,

Paul. Sent. 2, 11, 1. —

To oppose, withstand, protest against; of the tribunes of the people, who interposed their veto against a decree of the senate:

cum intercedere vellent rogationi,

Cic. Or. 2, 47:

nisi mihi levissimus tribunus plebis intercessisset,

id. Leg. 3, 8:

ea lege, qua intercedi de provinciis non licebit,

id. Prov. Cons. 8:

ea quae de reductione regis scripta est auctoritas, cui scis intercessum esse,

id. Fam. 1, 7:

praetori,

Liv. 38, 60:

tribuni plebis intercedentes pro se (Caesare),

Suet. Caes. 30; cf. At. Cap. ap. Gell. 4, 14, 6. This right of protest was also possessed by other magistrates; v. Varr. ap. Gell. 14, 7; Ascon. ap. Pis. 26; Liv. 5, 9.—So fig.:

si status condictus cum hoste intercedit dies, tamen est eundum,

Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 7.—

In gen., to interpose, interfere.

For or in behalf of a person, to intercede, interpose:

cum enim vestra auctoritas intercessisset, ut ego regem tuerer,

Cic. Fam. 15, 2, 4; Suet. Dom. 11.—

To obstruct, hinder, interrupt:

si nulla aegritudo huic gaudio intercesserit,

Ter. And. 5, 5, 5:

intercessit et, quominus in acta sua juraretur, ut ne mensis September Tiberius vocaretur,

Suet. Tib. 26:

de cognomine intercessit Augustus,

id. ib. 17:

non quia intercedendum putem imaginibus,

Tac. Agr. 46:

consilio,

id. H. 1, 19:

parens noster privatas gratiarum actiones cohibet, intercessurus etiam publicis,

Plin. Pan. 4:

intercedere casibus, occursare fortunae,

id. ib. 25 fin.:

iniquitatibus magistratuum,

id. ib. 80, 4; Plin. 32, 1, 1, § 4.

jurgo, āvi, ātum (ante-class. jurigo, Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 9; Brix ad Trin. 1, 2, 30), 1, v. n. and a. [from jus, not a compound of ago, v. Ritschl. Opusc. 2, 427].

Neutr.

To quarrel, brawl, dispute, scold:

cedo, quid jurgabit tecum?

Ter. Andr. 2, 3, 15:

cum Davo egomet vidi jurgantem ancillam,

id. ib. 5, 1, 19; Suet. Ner. 5:

jurgare igitur lex putat inter se vicinos, non litigare,

Cic. Rep. 4, 8, 4 (ap. Non. p. 430):

ne jurgares quod,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 22.—

To sue at law:

apud aediles adversus lenones jurgare (al. jurgari),

Just. 21, 5, 7: in proprio foro, Cod. Th. 2, 1, 6; 11, 33, 1.—

Act., to chide, censure, blame:

haec jurgans,

Liv. 8, 33; 10, 35:

istis Jurgatur verbis,

Hor. S. 2, 2, 100.

laurus, i ( gen. laurūs, Plin. 15, 30, 39, § 132; 14, 16, 19, § 112; Col. 6, 7, 3 codd.; abl. lauru, Hor. C. 2, 7, 19;

but lauro,

id. ib. 3, 30, 16; nom. plur. laurus, Verg. A. 3, 91; acc. plur. laurus, id. E. 6, 83 al.; Tib. 2, 5, 63; gen. plur. lauruum, acc. to Charis. p. 110 P.), f. [cf. Germ. lor- in Lorbeere], a bay-tree, laurel-tree, laurel, sacred to Apollo; cf.:

aliquid cedo Qui vicini hanc nostram augeam aram Apollinis. Da sane hanc virgam lauri,

Plaut. Merc. 4, 1, 11;

it grew in greatest beauty on Parnassus, and hence is called Parnasia laurus,

Verg. G. 2, 18;

its branches were the decoration of poets,

Hor. C. 4, 2, 9;

of the flamens,

Liv. 23, 11; Ov. F. 3, 137. In festivals, the ancestral images were decorated with laurel, Cic. Mur. 41. The leaves, when eaten, were said to impart the power of prophesying, Tib. 2, 5, 63; Juv. 7, 19. Victorious generals, in triumphal processions, wore laurel crowns on their heads and carried laurel branches in their hands, while their lictors bore fasces bound with laurel, Cic. Att. 7, 10; Ov. M. 1, 560. Before the gate of the imperial palace stood two laurel-trees, with oaken crowns, in honor of the emperor, as the vanquisher of foes and the people's preserver:

janitrix Caesarum et pontificum,

Plin. 15, 30, 39, § 127 sqq.; Tert. Apol. 35. A wet branch of laurel was used in lustrations, to sprinkle the objects to be purified:

cuperent lustrari... si foret umida laurus,

Juv. 2, 158; cf. Dict. Antiq. s. v. lustratio.—

Meton. for laurea, a laurel crown, as the sign of a triumph; hence for triumph, victory:

incurrit haec nostra laurus non solum in oculos, sed, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 2, 16, 2:

Parthica,

Plin. Pan. 14:

Indica,

Stat. S. 4, 1, 4:

Sarmatica,

Mart. 7, 6, 10:

ornari lauro secunda,

Juv. 8, 253.

mănus, ūs (dat. manu for manui:

alternae manu,

Prop. 1, 11, 12; 2, 1, 60), f. [root man-, ma-, to measure; Sanscr. ma, measure, moon; cf. Germ. Mond, moon, and O. H. Germ. mund, hand; Angl.-Sax. mund], a hand.

Lit.:

quam vero aptas, quamque multarum artium ministras manus natura homini dedit!

Cic. N. D. 2, 60, 150:

vas in manus sumere,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 27, § 62:

Epicurum in manus sumere, i. e. scripta Epicuri,

id. Tusc. 2, 3, 8:

pyxidem in manu tenere,

id. Cael. 26, 63:

manum porrigere ad tradendum aliquid,

id. ib.:

de manibus deponere,

to lay out of one's hands, lay down, id. Ac. 1, 1, 2. ponere, id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 8:

extorquere,

to wrest from one's hands, id. Cat. 1, 6, 13:

e manibus dimittere,

to let go out of one's hands, id. Or. 30, 105: manum ad os apponere, i. e. to lay the finger on the lips in token of secrecy, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 1, 4: alicui in manu esse, to be obvious, clear:

neque mihi in manu Jugurtha qualis foret,

Sall. J. 14, 4:

(feminas) in manu esse parentium, fratrum, virorum,

subject to, Liv. 34, 2, 11; cf.:

minus filiae uxores sorores quibusdam in manu erunt,

id. 34, 7, 11: in manibus esse, to be in everybody's hands, to be well known:

est in manibus oratio,

Cic. Lael. 25, 96:

est in manibus laudatio,

id. Sen. 4, 12; id. Brut. 33, 125.—Also, to be near:

hostes sunt in manibus,

near to us, close by us, upon us, Caes. B. G. 2, 19, 7; also, to be present: attendere, quae in manibus sunt, Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 13, 1; Verg. A. 10, 280: in manibus habere, to have in hand, to be engaged on a thing:

omnia, quae in manibus habebam, abjeci,

Cic. Att. 13, 47, 1:

habeo opus magnum in manibus,

id. Ac. 1, 1, 2:

philosophi quamcunque rem habent in manibus, in eam, etc.,

id. Tusc. 5, 7, 18; id. Sen. 7, 22; id. Cael. 27, 65:

milites bellum illud, quod erat in manibus, reliquisse,

id. Rep. 2, 37, 63; cf.:

dum occasio in manibus esset,

Liv. 7, 36, 10:

inimicorum in manibus mortuus est,

among, Cic. Inv. 1, 55, 108:

manu tenere,

to know for certain, id. Brut. 80, 277.— Pass.:

manibus teneri,

to be certain, evident, Cic. Sest. 32, 69: habere in manibus, to fondle, caress, make much of:

sic in manibus (inimicum meum) habebant, sic fovebant, etc.,

id. Fam. 1, 9, 10:

in manus venire,

to come to hand, id. Q. Fr. 2, 15, b, 1:

proelium in manibus facere,

to fight at close quarters, Sall. J. 57, 4:

ad manum habere,

to have at hand, have in readiness, Quint. 12, 5, 1:

ad manum esse,

at hand, in hand, near, Liv. 9, 19: ad manum venire or accedere, to come hand to hand, come to close quarters:

nonnumquam etiam res ad manus, atque ad pugnam veniebat,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 11, § 28; Nep. Eum. 5, 2; Liv. 2, 30:

ut venere in manus,

Tac. A. 2, 80:

ut ventum in manus,

id. H. 4, 71:

adire manum alicui, v. 1. adeo: ad manum intueri aliquid,

at hand, close by, hard by, Plin. 35, 10, 36, § 97:

prae manu or manibus,

at hand, in readiness, in hand, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 3, 10; App. M. 6, p. 180, 32; Ter. Ad. 5, 9, 23; Gell. 19, 8:

quem servum ille habuit ad manum,

Cic. de Or. 3, 60, 225:

servus a manu,

i. e. a scribe, secretary, Suet. Caes. 74:

de manu dare,

to give with one's own hand, Lampr. Alex. Sev. 37: de manu in manum quippiam tradere, to deliver from hand to hand, i. e. with great care, Cic. Fam. 7, 5, 2: manum ferulae subducere, to take the hand from the rod, i. e. to be too old for the rod, Juv. 1, 15: e manu (for eminus; opp. cominus), from a distance: quae mea cominus machaera atque hasta hostibit e manu, Enn. ap. Fest. s. v. redhostire, p. 270 Müll. (Trag. v. 212 Vahl.): plenā manu, with a full or plentiful hand, bountifully, liberally:

plenā manu dare,

abundantly, Sen. Ben. 1, 7, 2; id. Ep. 120, 10; id. ad Polyb. 9, 7;

so trop.: Hortalus, quam plenā manu nostras laudes in astra sustulit,

Cic. Att. 2, 25, 1; so,

plenis manibus pecuniam largiri,

Lact. 3, 16, 15; cf.:

quemquam vacuis a se manibus abire pati,

Sen. Brev. Vit. 14, 5: manibus pedibusque aliquid facere (Greek pux kai lax), with hands and feet, i. e. with all one's power, with might and main, Ter. And. 1, 1, 134:

per manus,

with the hands, Caes. B. G. 6, 37:

per manus servulae,

by her assistance, Cic. Att. 1, 12, 3: per manus tradere, to deliver from hand to hand, from mouth to mouth, to hand down from father to son:

traditae per manus religiones,

Liv. 5, 51: per manus, also, by force, by main force, forcibly:

per manus libertatem retinere,

Sall. J. 31, 22: inter manus, in one's hands, under one's hands:

agger inter manus proferebatur,

Caes. B. C. 2, 2:

villa crescit inter manus,

Sen. Ep. 12, 1:

nihil adhuc inter manus habui cui majorem sollicitudinem praestare deberem,

Plin. Ep. 2, 5, 2:

scripta quae inter manus habes,

are occupied with, id. ib. 5, 5, 7.— Trop., palpable, evident:

ante oculos interque manus sunt omnia vestras,

Verg. A. 11, 311; cf.:

manus inter parentum,

id. ib. 2, 681: inter manus, also, in one's hands, in one's arms:

abripite hunc intro actutum inter manus,

Plaut. Most. 2, 1, 38:

e convivio auferri,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 11, § 28: sub manu and sub manum, at hand, near, readily, immediately, on the instant: Vocontii sub manu ut essent, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 23, 2:

quo celerius, ac sub manum annuntiari cognoscique posset, quid in provincia quāque gereretur, etc.,

Suet. Aug. 49; Sen. Ep. 71, 1: sub manus succedere, according to one's wish, [p. 1112] Plaut. Mil. 3, 2, 59: alicujus manu esse, to be from or by one's hand:

epistulae quae quidem erant tua manu,

Cic. Att. 7, 2, 3; cf. id. ib. 8, 13, 1 (cf. II. C. infra): manu, with the hand, by hand, i. e. artificially, opp. to naturally, by nature: manu sata, i. e. by the hand of man, opp. to what grows wild. Caes. B. C. 3, 44:

urbs manu munitissima,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 2, § 4:

quaedam ingenia manu, quod aiunt, facienda sunt,

Sen. Ep. 52, 1:

quidam et liberos ejurent et orbitatem manu faciant,

id. ad Marc. 19, 2: morbi, quos manu fecimus, i. e. which we produce by our own fault (e. g. by intemperance), Sen. Brev. Vit. 3, 3: oratio manu facta, artificial, elaborate, opp. to natural, simple, id. Ep. 115, 2: manu mederi, to be a surgeon, Cels. praef. 1: manibus aequis or manu aequā, with equal advantage:

manibus aequis abscessum est,

Tac. A. 1, 63:

aequā manu discedere,

to come off with equal advantage, Sall. C. 39, 4: manus afferre, to lay hands on; trop., to destroy or weaken:

qui diutius torqueri patitur, quem protinus potest liberare, beneficio suo manus affert,

Sen. Ben. 2, 5, 3:

manum inicere alicui,

to lay the hand on one, to detain, arrest him, Cic. Rosc. Com. 16, 48: manum dare, to give or lend a hand, to help, assist, Quint. 2, 3, 7: manus dare or dedere, to give the hands to be bound; hence, in gen., to give up, yield, surrender:

perpende, et, si tibi vera videntur, Dede manus, aut, si falsum est, accingere contra,

Lucr. 2, 1043:

fateor, manus vobis do,

Plaut. Pers. 5, 2, 72:

donicum aut certe vicissent, aut victi manum dedissent,

Nep. Ham. 1; cf. Caes. B. G. 5, 31; Cic. Att. 2, 22, 2; Ov. H. 4, 14; 17, 260; Verg. A. 11, 568; Lact. 5, 1, 3:

brevi manu,

immediately, without delay, Dig. 23, 3, 43, § 1:

longā manu,

slowly, tediously, ib. 46, 3, 79: manum tollere, to raise the hand in token of an intention to yield, to yield, submit: cedo et tollo manum, Cic. Fragm. ap. Lact. 3, 28: manus tollere, to raise the hands in token of admiration or astonishment, Cic. Ac. 2, 19, 63: manus tendere ad aliquem, less freq. alicui, to stretch out the hands to one to implore assistance, Caes. B. G. 2, 13; Cic. Font. 17, 38:

quae Romanis manus tendebant,

Caes. B. G. 7, 48:

dextram Italiae,

Cic. Phil. 10, 4, 9:

manu sternere aliquem,

with the sword, Verg. A. 9, 702: utrāque manu, with both hands, i. e. willingly, readily, Mart. 1, 16, 9:

manus manum lavat,

one hand washes the other, one helps the other, Sen. Apoc. 9 fin.; Petr. c. 45, 13; Plin. 35, 10, 36, § 80: manum non vertere, not to turn the hand, prov. for to take no pains, make no effort:

qui se fatentur virtutis causā ne manum quidem versuros fuisse,

Cic. Fin. 5, 31, 93; cf. App. Mag. p. 311.

Transf.

The hand as the instrument used in fight; hence, personal valor, bravery:

ne usu manuque reliquorum opinionem fallent,

Caes. B. C. 3, 86:

manu fortissimus,

Liv. 39, 40:

manu fortis,

Nep. Dat. 1, 3:

manu vincere,

Ov. M. 1, 448:

manu capere urbes,

by force of arms, Sall. J. 5, 5:

manum committere Teucris,

to fight, Verg. A. 12, 60; so,

conserere manum,

Liv. 21, 39; 25, 11; 27, 33:

conferre manum,

Liv. 10, 43; Verg. A. 12, 345:

in proelia Ferre manum,

id. ib. 5, 403; cf.:

et vice teli saevit nuda manus,

Juv. 15, 54.—

Force, violence, fighting, close combat:

res venit ad manus atque ad pugnam,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 11, § 28:

venire ad manum,

Liv. 2, 30:

accedere ad manum,

Nep. Eum. 5:

in manus venire,

to come to an engagement, come to close quarters, Sall. J. 89, 2:

pugna jam ad manus venerat,

Liv. 2, 46:

non manu, neque vi,

force, violence, Sall. J. 31, 18; so Tac. Agr. 9.—

Of the hand of an artist:

manus extrema non accessit ejus operibus,

the last hand, the finishing touch, Cic. Brut. 33, 126: aptius a summā conspiciare manu, when you have given yourself the finishing touch, i. e. have completed your toilet, Ov. A. A. 3, 225:

carmen nondum recepit ultimam manum,

has not yet received the last polish, Petr. 118.—Hence, extremam bello Imponere manum, to put the finishing hand to the war, to bring it to a close, Verg. A. 7, 573.—Prov.: manum de tabula, lit., the hand from the picture, i. e. enough, Cic. Fam. 7, 25, 1.—

A hand, handwriting; in gen., work, workmanship:

librarii manus,

Cic. Att. 8, 13, 1: Alexidis manum amabam, quod tam prope accedebat ad similitudinem tuae litterae, id. ib. 7, 2, 3:

manum suam cognovit,

id. Cat. 3, 5, 12:

propter emissam ab eis manum,

Dig. 22, 3, 15:

Praxitelis manus, Scopaeque,

Mart. 4, 39, 3:

artificum,

Verg. A. 1, 455.—

For pars, a side:

est ad hanc manum sacellum,

Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 37:

a laeva conspicienda manu,

Ov. A. A. 3, 307. —

In throwing dice, a stake: quas manus remisi, to throw up the stakes, Aug. ap. Suet. Aug. 71.—

In fencing, a thrust, hit, blow:

rectae, aversae, tectaeque manus,

Quint. 9, 1, 20:

prima, secunda, tertia, quarta,

the prime, second, tierce, quart, id. 5, 13, 54.—

The trunk of an elephant:

manus etiam data elephantis,

Cic. N. D. 2, 47, 120; Curt. 8, 14, 27; Sil. 9, 628.—

The fore-paws of bears, Plin. 8, 36, 54, § 130.—

The branches on a tree:

(platanus) cui lnnumerae manus,

Stat. S. 2, 3, 39:

fraxineae,

Pall. Insit. 60.—

In milit. lang.: ferreae manus, iron hooks with which an enemy's ship was grappled, grappling-irons:

manus ferreas atque harpagones paraverant,

Caes. B. C. 1, 57:

in advenientes hostium naves ferreas manus inicere,

Liv. 36, 44 fin.:

manus ferreas excogitare,

Front. Strat. 2, 3, 24; Plin. 7, 56, 57, § 209; Curt. 4, 9, 2; Aur. Vict. Vir. Ill. 38; Luc. 3, 635.—

Also milit., an armed force, corps of soldiers:

si nova manus cum veteribus copiis se conjunxisset,

Caes. B. G. 1, 37:

magnam manum conducere,

id. ib. 5, 27:

Hasdrubalem propediem affore cum manu haudquaquam contemnenda,

Liv. 30, 7 fin.; id. 44, 27.—

Beyond the milit. sphere, in gen., a body, host, number, company, multitude:

Romam veniet cum magna manu,

Cic. Att. 16, 11, 6:

evocatorum,

id. Fam. 15, 4, 3:

manus ad Quirinalia paratur,

id. Q. Fr. 2, 3, 4; cf.:

manum facere, copias parare,

id. Caecin. 12, 33:

manus bonorum,

id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 5, § 16:

Judaeorum,

id. Fl. 28, 66:

conjuratorum,

id. Cat. 1, 5, 12:

bicorpor,

i. e. the Centaurs, id. Tusc. 2, 9, 22:

purpuratorum et satellitum,

Liv. 42, 51:

magna clientium,

Suet. Tib. 1:

comitum,

Stat. S. 5, 3, 262:

juvenum,

Verg. A. 6, 5.—

Labor, hands, i. e. workmen:

nos aera, manus, navalia demus,

Verg. A. 11, 329:

quale manus addunt ebori decus,

id. ib. 1, 592.—

Power:

haec non sunt in nostra manu,

Cic. Fam. 14, 2, 3; cf.: in tua manu est, it rests with you, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 6, 1:

juxta deos in tua manu positum est,

Tac. H. 2, 76:

victoria in manu nobis est,

depends on, Sall. C. 20, 10:

in vostra manu situm,

id. J. 31; Plaut. Merc. 3, 4, 43:

in manu esse mihi,

id. Trin. 1, 2, 67. —

In partic., in jurid. lang., the legal power of a husband over his wife, the manus:

in potestate quidem et masculi et feminae esse solent: in manum autem feminae tantum conveniunt. Olim itaque tribus modis in manum conveniebant: usu, farreo, coëmptione, etc.,

Gai. Inst. 1, 108 sq.; Cic. Fl. 34, 84 al.—

Law t. t., manūs injectio, i. e. an arrest: per manus injectionem agebatur, Gai Inst. 4, 21: ob eam rem ego tibi sestertium X. milium judicati manus inicio, Vet. Form. ap. Gai. ib.

mānus, i. q. bonus, Varr. L. L. 6, 2, 4; Macr. S. 1, 3, 13; Isid. 5, 30, 14; Serv. Verg. A. 1, 139; 2, 286; v. ‡ cerus manus.

nī (old orthography nei, v. in the foll.), adv. and conj. [identical with ne and the prim. form, whence nisi, i. e. si ni].

Adv., like ne, an absolutely negative particle, not. —So only in the combinations,

Quid ni? or, in one word, quidni? why not? quid ego ni ita censeam? Plaut. Mil. 4, 3, 27:

quid ego ni fleam?

id. ib. 4, 8, 1: quidni, inquit, meminerim? etc., Auct. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 67, 273 et saep.; v. quidni.—

Nimirum, lit. not wonderful; v. nimirum.—

Conj., like ne, in imperative and intentional clauses, not, that not (ante-class. and poet.):

ni quid tibi hinc in spem referas,

Plaut. Ep. 3, 2, 3: vinum aliudve quid ni laudato, Varr. ap. Non. 281, 31: Numa constituit, ut pisces, qui squamosi non essent, ni pollucerent... ni qui ad polluctum emerent, Cass. Hem. ap. Plin. 32, 2, 10, § 20; cf.:

QVEM QVISQVE EORVM AGRVM POSIDEBIT, INVITIS EIS NIQVIS SICET NIVE PASCAT NIVE FRVATVR, etc.,

Inscr. Orell. 3121, p. 40:

IS EVM AGRVM NEI HABETO NIVE FRVIMINO, ib.: ROGO PER DEOS, NI VELITIS OSSA MEA VIOLARE,

Inscr. Grut. 996, 12; Cenotaph. Pis. ap. Inscr. Orell. 643:

(lege) edictā flemus diu, ni nos divideret,

Prop. 2, 7, 2:

obstabat vallum, ni instent acies,

Sil. 1, 374 (al. ne):

monent... ni teneant cursus,

Verg. A. 3, 686 (antiqui ni pro ne ponebant, Serv. ad loc.).—

As a conditional negative (= si non, nisi), if not, unless, but that.

In gen.

With indic.: SI IN IVS VOCAT, NI IT, ANTESTATOR, IGITVR EM CAPITO, if he summon him before court, if he go not, then he shall, etc., Tab. XII. 1 init.:

nam ni illum recipit, nihil est quo me recipiam,

Plaut. Capt. 1, 1, 35:

ni offerumentas habebis plures in tergo tuo, etc.,

id. Rud. 3, 4, 48:

mirum ni domi est,

Ter. And. 3, 4, 19:

moriar ni puto, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 7, 13, 1:

ni frustra augurium vani docuere parentes,

Verg. A. 1, 392:

si is homo moritur, probe factum... ni moritur, tum, etc.,

Liv. 8, 10, 12; 13.—

With subj.: quid ploras, pater?—Mirum ni cantem: condemnatus sum, it's a wonder I don't sing (ironically), Nov. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 69, 279:

dicerem, quae ante futura dixissem, ni vererer, ne, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 6, 6, 4:

ni ita se res haberet,

id. Tusc. 5, 39, 115; cf. id. Fin. 3, 20, 66: ni tamen exciderit, id. poët. Fragm. ap. Quint. 8, 6, 73:

ni faciat,

Verg. A. 1, 58:

omina ni repetant Argis numenque reducant,

id. ib. 2, 178:

nec Boi detrectāssent pugnam, ni fama... animos fregisset,

Liv. 32, 31, 2:

ea se dicturum, quae ni fiant, nulla sit pacis condicio,

id. 32, 33, 2; 2, 22, 1; 1, 22, 6.—

In partic.

In formal lang. of law, in agreements, promises, stipulations, etc.:

cum is sponsionem fecisset ni vir bonus esset,

Cic. Off. 3, 19, 77:

judicem ferre, ni vindicias dederit,

Liv. 3, 57:

tum illud quod dicitur sive nive irrident, etc.,

Cic. Caecin. 23, 65:

cedo qui cum habeam judicem, Ni dolo malo instipulatus sis. nive etiam dum siem Quinque et viginti annos natus,

Plaut. Rud. 5, 3 (4), 25 (v. the passage in connection); so id. ib. 3, 4, 9: id ni fit, mecum pignus, si quis volt, dato in urnam mulsi, that it is not so, bet me, etc., id. Cas. prol. 75; id. Ep. 5, 2, 35; id. Poen. 5, 4, 72. —

Ni quis scivit (if any one has not voted), the name of a centuria created by Servius Tullius for those to vote in who had not voted in their own centuriae, acc. to Paul. ex Fest. p. 177 Müll.—

For nisi quod, Amm. 22, 11 fin. —

Ni forte, for nisi forte:

ni forte satius est, etc.,

Curt. 5, 25, 12 (Foss, nisi), Quint. 11, 2, 27.

nī (old orthography nei, v. in the foll.), adv. and conj. [identical with ne and the prim. form, whence nisi, i. e. si ni].

Adv., like ne, an absolutely negative particle, not. —So only in the combinations,

Quid ni? or, in one word, quidni? why not? quid ego ni ita censeam? Plaut. Mil. 4, 3, 27:

quid ego ni fleam?

id. ib. 4, 8, 1: quidni, inquit, meminerim? etc., Auct. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 67, 273 et saep.; v. quidni.—

Nimirum, lit. not wonderful; v. nimirum.—

Conj., like ne, in imperative and intentional clauses, not, that not (ante-class. and poet.):

ni quid tibi hinc in spem referas,

Plaut. Ep. 3, 2, 3: vinum aliudve quid ni laudato, Varr. ap. Non. 281, 31: Numa constituit, ut pisces, qui squamosi non essent, ni pollucerent... ni qui ad polluctum emerent, Cass. Hem. ap. Plin. 32, 2, 10, § 20; cf.:

QVEM QVISQVE EORVM AGRVM POSIDEBIT, INVITIS EIS NIQVIS SICET NIVE PASCAT NIVE FRVATVR, etc.,

Inscr. Orell. 3121, p. 40:

IS EVM AGRVM NEI HABETO NIVE FRVIMINO, ib.: ROGO PER DEOS, NI VELITIS OSSA MEA VIOLARE,

Inscr. Grut. 996, 12; Cenotaph. Pis. ap. Inscr. Orell. 643:

(lege) edictā flemus diu, ni nos divideret,

Prop. 2, 7, 2:

obstabat vallum, ni instent acies,

Sil. 1, 374 (al. ne):

monent... ni teneant cursus,

Verg. A. 3, 686 (antiqui ni pro ne ponebant, Serv. ad loc.).—

As a conditional negative (= si non, nisi), if not, unless, but that.

In gen.

With indic.: SI IN IVS VOCAT, NI IT, ANTESTATOR, IGITVR EM CAPITO, if he summon him before court, if he go not, then he shall, etc., Tab. XII. 1 init.:

nam ni illum recipit, nihil est quo me recipiam,

Plaut. Capt. 1, 1, 35:

ni offerumentas habebis plures in tergo tuo, etc.,

id. Rud. 3, 4, 48:

mirum ni domi est,

Ter. And. 3, 4, 19:

moriar ni puto, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 7, 13, 1:

ni frustra augurium vani docuere parentes,

Verg. A. 1, 392:

si is homo moritur, probe factum... ni moritur, tum, etc.,

Liv. 8, 10, 12; 13.—

With subj.: quid ploras, pater?—Mirum ni cantem: condemnatus sum, it's a wonder I don't sing (ironically), Nov. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 69, 279:

dicerem, quae ante futura dixissem, ni vererer, ne, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 6, 6, 4:

ni ita se res haberet,

id. Tusc. 5, 39, 115; cf. id. Fin. 3, 20, 66: ni tamen exciderit, id. poët. Fragm. ap. Quint. 8, 6, 73:

ni faciat,

Verg. A. 1, 58:

omina ni repetant Argis numenque reducant,

id. ib. 2, 178:

nec Boi detrectāssent pugnam, ni fama... animos fregisset,

Liv. 32, 31, 2:

ea se dicturum, quae ni fiant, nulla sit pacis condicio,

id. 32, 33, 2; 2, 22, 1; 1, 22, 6.—

In partic.

In formal lang. of law, in agreements, promises, stipulations, etc.:

cum is sponsionem fecisset ni vir bonus esset,

Cic. Off. 3, 19, 77:

judicem ferre, ni vindicias dederit,

Liv. 3, 57:

tum illud quod dicitur sive nive irrident, etc.,

Cic. Caecin. 23, 65:

cedo qui cum habeam judicem, Ni dolo malo instipulatus sis. nive etiam dum siem Quinque et viginti annos natus,

Plaut. Rud. 5, 3 (4), 25 (v. the passage in connection); so id. ib. 3, 4, 9: id ni fit, mecum pignus, si quis volt, dato in urnam mulsi, that it is not so, bet me, etc., id. Cas. prol. 75; id. Ep. 5, 2, 35; id. Poen. 5, 4, 72. —

Ni quis scivit (if any one has not voted), the name of a centuria created by Servius Tullius for those to vote in who had not voted in their own centuriae, acc. to Paul. ex Fest. p. 177 Müll.—

For nisi quod, Amm. 22, 11 fin. —

Ni forte, for nisi forte:

ni forte satius est, etc.,

Curt. 5, 25, 12 (Foss, nisi), Quint. 11, 2, 27.

ob-signo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to seal, seal up a will, a letter, etc. (class.).

Lit.

In gen.:

cedo tu ceram ac linum actutum: age obliga, obsigna cito,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 96:

cellas,

id. Cas. 2, 1, 1:

lagenas,

Q. Cic. Fam. 16, 26:

epistulam,

Cic. Att. 8, 6, 1; id. Pis. 28, 71.—Esp.: tabulas, testamenta, to sign and seal, as a witness:

istam ipsam quaestionem, dicite, quis obsignavit?

Cic. Clu. 66, 185:

tabellas ejus rei condicionisque,

id. Quint. 21, 67:

testamentum signis adulterinis,

id. Clu. 14, 41:

obsignavit anulo,

Vulg. Dan. 6, 17.—Prov.: agere cum aliquo tabellis obsignatis, to deal with one with sealed writings, i. e. in the strictest form, Cic. Tusc. 5, 11, 33 (cf.:

tamquam ex syngraphā agere cum populo,

id. Mur. 17, 35): tabulas obsignare velle, would seal up the documents, i. e. would have no discussion, id. Pis. 28, 69.—

In partic.

To seal up the papers and effects of an accused person, Cic. Verr. 1, 19, 50.—Hence,

To seal an accusation against one: qui contra Scaurum patrem suum obsignaverat, Cic. Scaur. Fragm. ap. Ascon.—

To pledge or mortgage under one's hand and seal:

tria agri jugera ad aerarium obsignaverat,

Val. Max. 4, 4, 7.—

To close under seal, make fast:

inane obsignari nihil solere,

Cic. Div. 2, 70, 145; cf. the context.—

Trop., to stamp, impress:

formam verbi,

Lucr. 4, 567:

aliquid obsignatum habere,

to impress on the mind, id. 2, 581.