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אַפִּיפְיָירוֹת, אַפִּיפְיָרוֹת, פִּיפְיָרוֹתf. pl. (פּיפְיָרוּת, רִיתf. sing.) (√פר, cmp. b. h. פרפר = בקע to split; cmp. פַּרְפֶּרֶת, a. פְּרִיפְרִיוֹת, פִּרְפְּרָאוֹת) split pieces of wood, laths, slabs used for espaliers, also as frames for decorative hangings. Y.Sot.IX, end, 24c; Tosef. ib. XV, 9 אבל עושה הוא אפיפיי׳וכ׳ but one may make lath frames and hang thereon whatever decorations he may desire. (Bab. ib. 49b פִּפְיָרִית; Rashi פְּרִיפְרִית sing. Kil. VI, 3 על מקצת א׳ on a portion of the espaliers. Ib. VII, 3 מותר א׳ the balance of the espaliers (on which no vine is trained). Kel. XVII, 3 אפי׳וכ׳ (Ar. פי׳; Mish. אפו׳) frames for hangings to which reeds were fastened from the bottom upward (crosswise) for support. Tosef.Kel.B. Mets. VI, 6 (a. freq. in comment.) פִּיפְיָארוֹת. Ib. פִּיפְיָארוּת שאינהוכ׳ a frame (baldachin) which cannot be taken up by its handles and carried through the door (outside).Ch. פֵּיפוּרָא, פִּיפְיוֹרָא. V. also פּוּרְיָא a. אַפִּרְיוֹן. ר softened into י, cmp. חצוצרה.

אַפִּיפְיָירוֹת, אַפִּיפְיָרוֹת, פִּיפְיָרוֹתf. pl. (פּיפְיָרוּת, רִיתf. sing.) (√פר, cmp. b. h. פרפר = בקע to split; cmp. פַּרְפֶּרֶת, a. פְּרִיפְרִיוֹת, פִּרְפְּרָאוֹת) split pieces of wood, laths, slabs used for espaliers, also as frames for decorative hangings. Y.Sot.IX, end, 24c; Tosef. ib. XV, 9 אבל עושה הוא אפיפיי׳וכ׳ but one may make lath frames and hang thereon whatever decorations he may desire. (Bab. ib. 49b פִּפְיָרִית; Rashi פְּרִיפְרִית sing. Kil. VI, 3 על מקצת א׳ on a portion of the espaliers. Ib. VII, 3 מותר א׳ the balance of the espaliers (on which no vine is trained). Kel. XVII, 3 אפי׳וכ׳ (Ar. פי׳; Mish. אפו׳) frames for hangings to which reeds were fastened from the bottom upward (crosswise) for support. Tosef.Kel.B. Mets. VI, 6 (a. freq. in comment.) פִּיפְיָארוֹת. Ib. פִּיפְיָארוּת שאינהוכ׳ a frame (baldachin) which cannot be taken up by its handles and carried through the door (outside).Ch. פֵּיפוּרָא, פִּיפְיוֹרָא. V. also פּוּרְיָא a. אַפִּרְיוֹן. ר softened into י, cmp. חצוצרה.

אַפִּיפְיָירוֹת, אַפִּיפְיָרוֹת, פִּיפְיָרוֹתf. pl. (פּיפְיָרוּת, רִיתf. sing.) (√פר, cmp. b. h. פרפר = בקע to split; cmp. פַּרְפֶּרֶת, a. פְּרִיפְרִיוֹת, פִּרְפְּרָאוֹת) split pieces of wood, laths, slabs used for espaliers, also as frames for decorative hangings. Y.Sot.IX, end, 24c; Tosef. ib. XV, 9 אבל עושה הוא אפיפיי׳וכ׳ but one may make lath frames and hang thereon whatever decorations he may desire. (Bab. ib. 49b פִּפְיָרִית; Rashi פְּרִיפְרִית sing. Kil. VI, 3 על מקצת א׳ on a portion of the espaliers. Ib. VII, 3 מותר א׳ the balance of the espaliers (on which no vine is trained). Kel. XVII, 3 אפי׳וכ׳ (Ar. פי׳; Mish. אפו׳) frames for hangings to which reeds were fastened from the bottom upward (crosswise) for support. Tosef.Kel.B. Mets. VI, 6 (a. freq. in comment.) פִּיפְיָארוֹת. Ib. פִּיפְיָארוּת שאינהוכ׳ a frame (baldachin) which cannot be taken up by its handles and carried through the door (outside).Ch. פֵּיפוּרָא, פִּיפְיוֹרָא. V. also פּוּרְיָא a. אַפִּרְיוֹן. ר softened into י, cmp. חצוצרה.

אָפֵלI m. (√אף, v. אפף; cmp. אבל, הבל) (thick vapory, 1) dark. Sabb.86a, a. fr. a בית א׳ dark (windowless) house.אֲפֵילָה f. dark place. Y.Naz.IX, 57d top; Pes.81b בא׳, במים in water or in a dark place (cave).Pl. fem. אֲפֵילוֹת. Lev. R. s. 9 מבואות א׳ dark alleys; a. fr. 2) heavy, sluggish, slow, late. Denom. האפיל, v. אָפַל.

אָפֵלI m. (√אף, v. אפף; cmp. אבל, הבל) (thick vapory, 1) dark. Sabb.86a, a. fr. a בית א׳ dark (windowless) house.אֲפֵילָה f. dark place. Y.Naz.IX, 57d top; Pes.81b בא׳, במים in water or in a dark place (cave).Pl. fem. אֲפֵילוֹת. Lev. R. s. 9 מבואות א׳ dark alleys; a. fr. 2) heavy, sluggish, slow, late. Denom. האפיל, v. אָפַל.

אָרַע(√רע, v. רעע) to strike against. Nif. נֶאֱרַע to come in contact with (cmp. זווג), to happen, befall (gen. of evil occurrences). Ber.IV, 2 שלא תֵּאָרַעוכ׳ (Bab. ed. 28b שלא יֵאָרַע דברוכ׳) that no (religious) offence may happen through me (by an erroneous decision). Yoma I, 1 שמא יארע בו פסול lest something may occur to him to unfit him for services. Esth. R. to II, 7 שיארע על ישראל (read שיארע לישר׳) will happen to Israel; a. fr. Pi. אֵירַע, אִירַע to strike, befall; (neut. v.) to occur. Y.Kidd.I, 58dtop ולא א׳ מעשה no accident (illegal act) occurred. Gen. R. s. 84 כל מה שאירע לזהוכ׳ whatever befell the one, befell also the other; a. fr.M. Kat. II, 1 אֵירְעוֹ אבל (Ms. M. אירע בו) mourning in the family befell him; a. e.Y.Shek.V, 48d bot. כך וכך אירע; Y.Dem.I, 22a אירעון … (read אירעוֹ) so and so it happened to him. Part. Pu. מְאוֹרָע q. v. Hithpa. הִתְאָרֵעַ to be added to, to join. Y.Sot.I, 17a אחת מִתְאַרְעָה לאחתוכ׳ one (sin) is added to the other, until the account is full; Num. R. s. 9.

אָרַע(√רע, v. רעע) to strike against. Nif. נֶאֱרַע to come in contact with (cmp. זווג), to happen, befall (gen. of evil occurrences). Ber.IV, 2 שלא תֵּאָרַעוכ׳ (Bab. ed. 28b שלא יֵאָרַע דברוכ׳) that no (religious) offence may happen through me (by an erroneous decision). Yoma I, 1 שמא יארע בו פסול lest something may occur to him to unfit him for services. Esth. R. to II, 7 שיארע על ישראל (read שיארע לישר׳) will happen to Israel; a. fr. Pi. אֵירַע, אִירַע to strike, befall; (neut. v.) to occur. Y.Kidd.I, 58dtop ולא א׳ מעשה no accident (illegal act) occurred. Gen. R. s. 84 כל מה שאירע לזהוכ׳ whatever befell the one, befell also the other; a. fr.M. Kat. II, 1 אֵירְעוֹ אבל (Ms. M. אירע בו) mourning in the family befell him; a. e.Y.Shek.V, 48d bot. כך וכך אירע; Y.Dem.I, 22a אירעון … (read אירעוֹ) so and so it happened to him. Part. Pu. מְאוֹרָע q. v. Hithpa. הִתְאָרֵעַ to be added to, to join. Y.Sot.I, 17a אחת מִתְאַרְעָה לאחתוכ׳ one (sin) is added to the other, until the account is full; Num. R. s. 9.

בָּזַר(b. h., √בז, בזע) to strew, scatter. Kerith. 6b בֹּוזְרָהּ Ar. (ed. incorr. בזורה, v. Rashi a. l.) he scatters it, lest it may decay. Pi. בִּזֵּר same. Part. pass. מְבוּזָּר. Sifra Bhar ch. I אבל אתה בוצר מן המב׳ ed. Ven. a. oth. (Var. המופקר) but you may gather (in the Sabbath year) the grapes from (broken) branches lying scattered on the ground, opp. השמור בארץ the vine seated in the ground (Y.Shebi.VII, 38b top המובקר).

בָּזַר(b. h., √בז, בזע) to strew, scatter. Kerith. 6b בֹּוזְרָהּ Ar. (ed. incorr. בזורה, v. Rashi a. l.) he scatters it, lest it may decay. Pi. בִּזֵּר same. Part. pass. מְבוּזָּר. Sifra Bhar ch. I אבל אתה בוצר מן המב׳ ed. Ven. a. oth. (Var. המופקר) but you may gather (in the Sabbath year) the grapes from (broken) branches lying scattered on the ground, opp. השמור בארץ the vine seated in the ground (Y.Shebi.VII, 38b top המובקר).

בַּיָּירm. (denom. of בֵּיר or בֹּור, cmp. בּוּר Pi. 2) superintendent of the well in rural communities. Shebi. VIII, 5 אין נותנין לא לב׳וכ׳ (out of the money realized from the fruits of the Sabbath year) you must not pay the well-master ; אבל נותן הוא לב׳ לשתות but you may pay the well-master a fee for giving you water to drink. Tosef.B. Mets. IX, 14 הב׳ והבלןוכ׳ (Y. ib. beg. 12a ed. Krot. הכ׳, corr. acc.) the well-master, the bather when collecting their fees from the owner (individually), may attach only the owners share in the produces. Ib. VIII, 11d top שאלה מן הב׳; (Bab. ib. 97b למישאל מידי מחבריה, read מבַּיָּירָא ch..

בַּיָּירm. (denom. of בֵּיר or בֹּור, cmp. בּוּר Pi. 2) superintendent of the well in rural communities. Shebi. VIII, 5 אין נותנין לא לב׳וכ׳ (out of the money realized from the fruits of the Sabbath year) you must not pay the well-master ; אבל נותן הוא לב׳ לשתות but you may pay the well-master a fee for giving you water to drink. Tosef.B. Mets. IX, 14 הב׳ והבלןוכ׳ (Y. ib. beg. 12a ed. Krot. הכ׳, corr. acc.) the well-master, the bather when collecting their fees from the owner (individually), may attach only the owners share in the produces. Ib. VIII, 11d top שאלה מן הב׳; (Bab. ib. 97b למישאל מידי מחבריה, read מבַּיָּירָא ch..

גָּבַל(b. h. r.; v. גבב) ( to give a rounded shape, to to knead, stamp. Sabb.XXIV, 3 you may put water into the bran (on the Sabbath) אבל לא גוֹבְלִין but must not mix it to a mass. Tosef.Maasr.III, 13 גובל עיסתו he kneads his dough. Lev. R. s. 29 בד׳ גְּבָלוֹ (Pesik. Bahod. p. 150b> גִּיבְּלוֹ) on the fourth day He formed the dust into a mass. Pi. גִּיבֵּל same. Y.Ter.V, 43c bot. הפריש ואח׳׳כ גי׳ he set apart (the Trumah) and then made the dough. Ib. מיגבול חמש (read מְגַבֵּל). Taan.10a שמְגַ׳ את הגבינה that forms a cheese. Ib. 19b שמג׳ את הטיט that stamps clay; a. fr.Part. pass. מְגיּבָּל. Ib. מ׳ יפה a thoroughly kneaded mass. Hithpa. הִתְגַּבֵּל to be kneaded. Ib. אינו מִתְגַּבֵּל יפה is not thoroughly kneaded.

גָּבַל(b. h. r.; v. גבב) ( to give a rounded shape, to to knead, stamp. Sabb.XXIV, 3 you may put water into the bran (on the Sabbath) אבל לא גוֹבְלִין but must not mix it to a mass. Tosef.Maasr.III, 13 גובל עיסתו he kneads his dough. Lev. R. s. 29 בד׳ גְּבָלוֹ (Pesik. Bahod. p. 150b> גִּיבְּלוֹ) on the fourth day He formed the dust into a mass. Pi. גִּיבֵּל same. Y.Ter.V, 43c bot. הפריש ואח׳׳כ גי׳ he set apart (the Trumah) and then made the dough. Ib. מיגבול חמש (read מְגַבֵּל). Taan.10a שמְגַ׳ את הגבינה that forms a cheese. Ib. 19b שמג׳ את הטיט that stamps clay; a. fr.Part. pass. מְגיּבָּל. Ib. מ׳ יפה a thoroughly kneaded mass. Hithpa. הִתְגַּבֵּל to be kneaded. Ib. אינו מִתְגַּבֵּל יפה is not thoroughly kneaded.

גְּמָרָאf. (v. גְּמַר II, 5) memorizing of verbal teachings, tradition. Ab. Zar.19a bot. הנ״מ סברא אבל ג׳ מחד רבאוכ׳ (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) this refers to reasoning (dialectics), but as to traditional laws (rules), it is better to study only with one teacher, in order not to be confused by varying wording; Yalk. Ps. 614.Gitt.6b הא ג׳ היא וג׳ לא שמיע ליה this is merely a tradition (not to be arrived at by way of reasoning) and one may not have heard that tradition (and yet be an able man). B. Mets. 33ab ג׳ verbal study (opp. to משנה which had been put to writing). Arakh.29a רב גַּמְרֵיה גמיר (not גמור) Rab had his own tradition about it (had it from his teacher that the Mishnah was corrupt). Erub.60a ג׳ גמור זמורתא תהא if it is a tradition, learn it by heart, let it be like a song (the wording of which you dare not change); Sabb.106b; Ab. Zar.32b; Bets.24a (variously interpreted in comment.).Yoma 14b, a. fr. משמיה דג׳ as a tradition (without knowing the reasoning process, cmp. ib. 33a bot. ג׳ גמירנאוכ׳); a. fr. Gmara, that part of the Talmud containing those discussions, decisions which, after the reduction to writing of the Mishnah, were the materials of verbal studies until they, too, were put to writing.Abbrev. גמ׳, a clerical mark in the Talmnd Babli editions, to indicate where the Mishnah ends, and the Gmara begins.

גְּמָרָאf. (v. גְּמַר II, 5) memorizing of verbal teachings, tradition. Ab. Zar.19a bot. הנ״מ סברא אבל ג׳ מחד רבאוכ׳ (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) this refers to reasoning (dialectics), but as to traditional laws (rules), it is better to study only with one teacher, in order not to be confused by varying wording; Yalk. Ps. 614.Gitt.6b הא ג׳ היא וג׳ לא שמיע ליה this is merely a tradition (not to be arrived at by way of reasoning) and one may not have heard that tradition (and yet be an able man). B. Mets. 33ab ג׳ verbal study (opp. to משנה which had been put to writing). Arakh.29a רב גַּמְרֵיה גמיר (not גמור) Rab had his own tradition about it (had it from his teacher that the Mishnah was corrupt). Erub.60a ג׳ גמור זמורתא תהא if it is a tradition, learn it by heart, let it be like a song (the wording of which you dare not change); Sabb.106b; Ab. Zar.32b; Bets.24a (variously interpreted in comment.).Yoma 14b, a. fr. משמיה דג׳ as a tradition (without knowing the reasoning process, cmp. ib. 33a bot. ג׳ גמירנאוכ׳); a. fr. Gmara, that part of the Talmud containing those discussions, decisions which, after the reduction to writing of the Mishnah, were the materials of verbal studies until they, too, were put to writing.Abbrev. גמ׳, a clerical mark in the Talmnd Babli editions, to indicate where the Mishnah ends, and the Gmara begins.

חֲבַלII m. (preced.) 1) injury, v. חַבְלָא I. 2) woe!, Oh! (cmp. בִּיָּיא II). Targ. Job 10:15 (Var. חֲבֵיל, חֲבוֹל); a. e.(Also in Hebr. diction) Ned.74b ח׳ עליךוכ׳ woe unto thee! (a pity) that Snh.111a; Ex. R. s. 6, a. e. ח׳ על דאבדיןוכ׳ Oh, for those who are gone and cannot be replaced! Ib. s. 26; Mekh. Bshall., Vayassa, s.6 (prov.) נפל ביתא ח׳ לכוותא (not אבל) when the house falls, woe to the windows!; a. fr. 3) (adv.) to ruin. Pes.20b תשפך ח׳ (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 9) it must be poured out (and go) to ruin; B. Kam. 116a (ed. הכל, corr. acc., v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 30), opp. to תעשה זילוף, v. זִילּוּף.

חֲבַלII m. (preced.) 1) injury, v. חַבְלָא I. 2) woe!, Oh! (cmp. בִּיָּיא II). Targ. Job 10:15 (Var. חֲבֵיל, חֲבוֹל); a. e.(Also in Hebr. diction) Ned.74b ח׳ עליךוכ׳ woe unto thee! (a pity) that Snh.111a; Ex. R. s. 6, a. e. ח׳ על דאבדיןוכ׳ Oh, for those who are gone and cannot be replaced! Ib. s. 26; Mekh. Bshall., Vayassa, s.6 (prov.) נפל ביתא ח׳ לכוותא (not אבל) when the house falls, woe to the windows!; a. fr. 3) (adv.) to ruin. Pes.20b תשפך ח׳ (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 9) it must be poured out (and go) to ruin; B. Kam. 116a (ed. הכל, corr. acc., v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 30), opp. to תעשה זילוף, v. זִילּוּף.

חוּקָּה, חֻקָּהf. (b. h.) same, esp. firmly established distinctive usage, religious observance. Ab. Zar.11a שריפה לאו ח׳ היא the burning of costly materials at funerals is not a specific (gentile) religious custom. Num. R. s. 19, beg. חקה חקקתי I have ordained a ceremony (without giving a reason). Ib. four (laws) דכתיב בהן ח׳ in reference to which the word ḥukkah (rule without reason) is used. Ib. לך אני מגלה … אבל לאחר ח׳ unto thee I reveal the reason …, but to anybody else it is a rule; a. fr.Pl. חוּקּוֹת, חֻקּוֹת. Tanḥ. Bḥuck. 4 מצותי וחֻקּוֹתַי; a. fr.

חוּקָּה, חֻקָּהf. (b. h.) same, esp. firmly established distinctive usage, religious observance. Ab. Zar.11a שריפה לאו ח׳ היא the burning of costly materials at funerals is not a specific (gentile) religious custom. Num. R. s. 19, beg. חקה חקקתי I have ordained a ceremony (without giving a reason). Ib. four (laws) דכתיב בהן ח׳ in reference to which the word ḥukkah (rule without reason) is used. Ib. לך אני מגלה … אבל לאחר ח׳ unto thee I reveal the reason …, but to anybody else it is a rule; a. fr.Pl. חוּקּוֹת, חֻקּוֹת. Tanḥ. Bḥuck. 4 מצותי וחֻקּוֹתַי; a. fr.

חוּקָּה, חֻקָּהf. (b. h.) same, esp. firmly established distinctive usage, religious observance. Ab. Zar.11a שריפה לאו ח׳ היא the burning of costly materials at funerals is not a specific (gentile) religious custom. Num. R. s. 19, beg. חקה חקקתי I have ordained a ceremony (without giving a reason). Ib. four (laws) דכתיב בהן ח׳ in reference to which the word ḥukkah (rule without reason) is used. Ib. לך אני מגלה … אבל לאחר ח׳ unto thee I reveal the reason …, but to anybody else it is a rule; a. fr.Pl. חוּקּוֹת, חֻקּוֹת. Tanḥ. Bḥuck. 4 מצותי וחֻקּוֹתַי; a. fr.