μεμάθηκα

μανθάνω

learn: perf ind act 1st sg

μεμαθήκᾱσι, μανθάνω

learn: perf ind act 3rd pl

μεμαθήκᾱσιν, μανθάνω

learn: perf ind act 3rd pl

καταμανθάνω, [tense] pf.

A

- μεμάθηκα Hp.Art.8

,X.Cyr.1.1.1:—observe well, examine closely,

τὴν στρατιήν Hdt.7.146

;

τὸν Οἰνέα Timocl.6.16

, cf. 10;

τὸ τραῦμα Plu. Dio34

; look to, inspect,

τὸν ἐλαιῶνα PFay.114.11

( 100 A.D.);

κ. ἤν που.. X.Oec.12.3

.

2 learn, acquire knowledge of, Pl.Tht. 198d, etc.; ὑπακούειν how to obey, v.l. in X.Oec.13.7.

3 perceive with the senses, observe, Arist.Pr. 960a7: more commonly with the mind, understand, perceive, observe, οὐκ ὀρθῶς κ. Pl.Prm. 128a;

εἰ ἄρα μου καταμανθάνετε ὃ λέγω Id.Lg. 689c

;

ἐκ τῶν νόμων κ. τοὺς λόγους εἰ ὀρθῶς.. Antipho 5.14

;

κ. ὁπόσα θνητῇ φύσει δυνατά Pl. Epin. 986c

; κ. ὅτι.. Hp.l.c.;

ῥᾴδιον τοῦτο κ., ὅτι.. Arist.Pol. 1285a1

: [tense] pf., to be aware,

Λυκοῦργον -μεμάθηκας ὅτι.. X.Mem.4.4.15

: c. acc. et part.,

κ. πολλοὺς ἔχοντάς τι Id.Cyr.1.1.1

;

καταμαθόντες μιν ἀγοράζοντα Hdt.4.164

;

κ. τινὰ θύοντα X.Mem.1.4.2

; καταμαθὼν δὲ.. καταστασιαζόμενος that a party was being formed against him, Id.HG 1.6.4:

καταμαθεῖν τοῦ Κύρου δοκοῦμεν, ὡς.. Id.Cyr.8.1.40

.

4 consider, τι Id.An.3.1.44;

ὅτι.. Id.Cyr.7.5.80

, etc.

μανθάνω, Pi.P.3.80, etc.: [tense] fut.

A

μᾰθήσομαι Thgn.35

, Parm.1.31, A. Pr. 926, S.Aj. 667, OC 1527, Pl.Phlb. 53e, etc.; [dialect] Dor. μᾰθεῦμαι dub. in Theoc.11.60; late

μαθήσω Gal.13.450

, Sect.Intr.9 (cod. L): [tense] aor.

ἔμᾰθον Pi.N.7.18

, etc.; [dialect] Ep.

ἔμμαθον Od.17.226

, μάθον (v. infr.): [tense] pf.

μεμάθηκα Anacr.74

, Xenoph.10, Emp.17.9, Ar.Nu. 1148, Pl.Euthphr.9c, etc.: [tense] plpf. ἐμεμαθήκη ib. 14c; [ per.] 3sg.

ἐμεμαθήκει Id.Men. 86a

; [ per.] 3pl.

μεμαθήκεσαν Hp.VM10

:—[voice] Pass., used by good writers only in [tense] pres., as Pl. Ti. 87b, Men. 88b.—Hom. uses only the [dialect] Ep. [tense] aor. forms μάθον, ἔμμαθες, ἔμμαθε:— learn, esp. by study (but also, by practice, Simon.147, Arist.EN 1103a32, Metaph. 1049b31, 980b24; by experience, A.Ag. 251 (lyr.), Arist.AP0.81a40), thrice in Hom.,

ἔργα κακά Od.17.226

,18.362: c. inf.,

μάθον ἔμμεναι ἐσθλός Il.6.444

: freq. later,

οὐδὲ μαθόντες γινώσκουσιν Heraclit.17

;

ἀεὶ γὰρ ἡβᾷ τοῖς γέρουσιν εὖ μαθεῖν A.Ag. 584

; ταλάντου τοῦτ' ἔμαθεν for a talent, Ar.Nu. 876; οἱ μανθάνοντες learners, pupils, X.Mem.1.2.17; μ. τὰ Ὁμήρου ἔπη learn by heart, Id.Smp.3.5;

μ. βέμβικα Ar.Av. 1461

; μ. τί τινος learn from.., Pi.P.3.80, A.Pr. 701, S.OT 575, etc.: with Preps., ἐσθλῶν ἄπ' ἐσθλὰ μαθήσεαι Thgn.l.c.; μ. καθ' Ὅμηρον Xenoph.l.c.;

τι ἔκ τινος S.El. 352

;

ἐκ ποίων ὀνομάτων μεμαθηκὼς ἦν τὰ πράγματα Pl.Cra. 438a

;

παρά τινος A. Ag. 859

, S.Ant. 1012, etc.; παρά τινος ὅτι .. Isoc.8.67;

πρός τινος S. OC12

; πρὶν μάθοιμ' εἰ .. Id.Ph. 961: c. inf., learn to.., or how to.., Il. l.c., Pi.P.4.284, A.Pr. 1068 (anap.), S.Aj. 667;

μ. σεαυτὸν αἰς χύνεσθαι Democr.244

.

II acquire a habit of, and in past tenses, to be accustomed to.., c. inf., Emp.17.9, Hp.VM10;

τοὺς μεμαθηκότας ἀριστᾶν Id.Acut.28

; τὸ μεμαθηκός that which is usual,

πρότερον ἢ ὕστερον τοῦ μ. Id.Mul.2.128

; ἀργαὶ μανθάνουσι acquire a habit of idleness, <*> Ep.Ti.5.13.

III perceive, remark, notice,

τὸ πλῆθος Hdt.7.208

;

ἀλλήλους μ. ὁπόσοι εἴησαν X.HG2.1.1

.

2 freq. c. part.,

μ. τὴν νέα ἐμβαλοῦσαν Hdt.8.88

;

ἔμαθον ταῦτα πρησσόμενα Id.1.160

;

ἵνα μάθῃ σοφιστὴς ὤν A.Pr.62

;

μὴ μάθῃ μ' ἥκοντα S.Ph.13

, cf. E.Ba. 1113; μάνθανε ὤν know that you are, S.El. 1342;

διαβεβλημένος οὐ μανθάνεις Hdt.3.1

;

εἰ μὴ μανθάνετε κακὰ σπεύδοντες Th.6.39

.

3 with ὅτι, Pl.R. 394b; with ὡς, Th.1.34, etc.

IV understand (cf Pl.Euthd. 277e),

ὡς μάθω σαφέστερον A.Ch. 767

;

ὄψ' ἐμάθεθ' ἡμᾶς E.Ba. 1345

;

τὰλεγόμενα Lys.10.15

, etc.: c. dat. pers., εἴ μοι μανθάνεις if you take me, Pl. R. 394c: freq. in Dialogue, μανθάνεις; d'ye see? Answ., πάνυ μανθάνω perfectly! Ar.Ra. 195, cf. Pl.Men. 84d. Tht. 174b;

εἶεν, μανθάνω Id.R. 372e

, cf. Phd. 117b, etc.

V τί μαθών .. ; freq. in questions, lit. under what persuasion, with what idea? hence ironically for why on earth? τί δὴ μ. φαίνεις ἄνευ θρυαλλίδος; Ar.Ach. 826, cf. Nu. 402, 1506, Lys. 599, Pl. 908; τί τοῦτο μ. προσέγραψεν; D.20.127 (sts. with v.l. τί παθών; what possessed you to.. ? cf. πάσχω); imitated in later Greek, Ael.Fr.67; also indirectly, because (with a sense of disapprobation),

ὅ τι μαθόντες τοὺς ξένους μὲν λέγετε ποιητὰς σοφούς Eup.357

;

ὅ τι μαθὼν.. οὐχ ἡσυχίαν ἦγον Pl.Ap. 36b

;

σοὶ εἰς κεφαλήν, ὅ τι μαθών μου καὶ τῶν ἄλλων καταψεύδη τοιοῦτο πρᾶγμα Id.Euthd. 283e

, cf. 299a: even with neut. subject,

ὅμως δ' ἂν κακὰ ἦν, ὅ τι μαθόντα χαίρειν ποιεῖ Id.Prt. 353d

.

Grammatical information: v.

Meaning: `learn to know, experience' (Pi.).

Other forms: aor. μαθεῖν (Il.), fut. μαθήσομαι (Thgn., Parm.), perf. μεμάθηκα (Anacr., Xenoph., Emp.).

Compounds: also with prefix, e.g. κατα-, ἐκ-, προ-, μετα-.

Derivatives: Nom. actionis: 1. μάθη f. `learning, insight' (Emp., H.). 2. μάθος n. `what is learnt, custom' (Alc., Hp., A.). 3. μάθησις = μάθη (Alcm., IA.; Holt Les noms d'action en - σις 99 w. n. 1). 4. μάθημα `what was learnt, knowledge', pl. `(mathematical) sciences' (IA., hell.) with μαθη-ματ-ικός `fond of learning, scientific, mathematic' (Pl., Arist.; Chantraine Études 131 f.), - ικεύομαι `argue mathematically' (Dam.). 5. μαθημοσύνη `learning' (Phryg., Empire; Wyss - συνη 64). Nom. agentis: μαθη-τής `disciple' (IA.), with - τικός `like a disciple' (Pl., Arist.) and - τικεύομαι (Dem.), - τεύω `be a disciple, make a d.' (NT, Plu.) with - τεία `education' (Timo, D. Chr.), - τιάω `want to be a disciple' (Ar.); f. - τρίς (Ph.), - τρια (D.S., Act.Ap. u.a.); μαθετής `id.' (Knossos II^a; after εὑρετής? Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 186).

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [730] * mendʰ- `direct one's attention on'

Etymology: On the meaning s. B. Snell Ausdrücke 74f., H. Dörrie, Leid und Erfahrung. Die Wort- und Sinnverbindung παθεῖν -- μαθεῖν im griech. Denken. Mainz 1956. The Greek forms all go back on the zero grade aorist μαθεῖν; full grades could have either μενθ-ήρη ' φροντίς, μέριμνα' (H., EM) or προ-μηθ-ής `design, careful'. The last is isolated (cf. s. v.); with μενθ- agrees OHG mendī `gladness' with menden `rejoice', beside zero grade e.g. in Goth. mundon sis `look at one, σκοπεῖν', OWNo. munda `aim (with a weapon), have a goal'. The root has more or less probable representatives in other languages: Alb. mund `can, overcome' (IE *mn̥dh-); Celt., e.g. Welsh mynnu `want', Lith. mañdras `lively, cheerful', OCS mǫdrъ ' φρόνιμος, σοφός', all with full grade (* mendh- or * mondh-). On Skt. medhā́ `wisdom, insight', Av. mazdā `rememberance' s. Mayrhofer Bibliotheca Orientalis (Leiden) 13 (1956), 112 Sp. 2, where with Duchesne-Guillemin a basis *mn̥sdhā (to mánas = μένος) is assumed. - Further forms in WP. 2, 270 f. (* mendh- `direct one's mind on'), Pok. 730, Fraenkel Wb. s. mañdras, Vasmer Wb. s. múdryj; there also on the further analysis in men-dh- (to μένος).

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