-
1 λιβάδι
pré -
2 οὖραξ
οὖραξ, - αγοςGrammatical information: f.Meaning: Att. `name of the bird τέτριξ' (Arist.).Derivatives: PG [Pre-Greek] [Pre-Greek]Origin: The suffix occurs in Pre-Greek, and it has parallels with the three Pre-Greek vowels, -υγ- -ῑγ- (with long vowel as often in Pre-Greek), Chantraine Form. 397, cf. λάταξ. This means that the word is Pre-Greek, and has prob. nothing to do with the word for `tail'.See also: s. οὑρά.Page in Frisk: 2,447Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > οὖραξ
-
3 Άσγελάτας
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: epithet of Apollo on Anaphe.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: The epithets Άπόλλων Άσγελάτας (Anaphe) and Άπόλλων Αἰγλάτας (Anaphe, Thera) are often compared, though they may be unrelated. The epithet of Apollo is typical of pre-Greek words. The explanation as Greek by Schwyzer 27 (ασ \> αι[σ]) is rightly criticized by Chantr. s.v. αἴγλη; part of Schwyzer's evidence is itself Pre-Greek. We find the variation clearly in the name of Asklepios (q.v.): aC-\/aiC- and asC-\/aisC-; here we have (only) aiC- and asC-; Fur. 293, 295; see Beekes, Pre-Gr. Furnée further (234, 335) connects ἀγλα(Ϝ)ός (and ἄγλαυρος), which deserves consideration. Remarkable is the resemblance of Akkadian azugallatu `great physician' (Burkert, Orient. Revolution 1992, 78.) So prob. a loan through (Pre-)Anatolian\/Pre-Greek. A connection with αἴγλη (q.v.) is improbable.Page in Frisk: 1, 161Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > Άσγελάτας
-
4 βόλβιτον
Grammatical information: n.Other forms: - ος m. (Thphr.), βόλβιθος (PMag. Par.; after σπύραθος, σπέλεθος ?, s. Chantr. Form. 367); also βόλιτον, - ος (Cratin.); βόλβιτα ἀφόδευμα βοός H. (i.e. βόλβις), βόλβυθον τὸ αὐτό H.Derivatives: βολίτινος (Ar.); βολίταινα cuttle fish, which smells badly (Arist.), also βολβίτιον (Gal.) and βολβίς (Epich.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: "The usual assumption that βόλιτον arose from βόλβιτον through progressive dissimilation, is hardly convincing" (Frisk). But that βόλβιτον is euphemistical through the influence of βολβός (Frisk) is not very convincing either. To derive βόλιτον from βάλλω, βόλος, and βολεών `Düngerhaufen' leaves the formation unexplained. It is much more natural to assume variation in a Pre-Greek word, which is confirmed by the fact that the suffix - ιτον is known from there (Fur. 163; further 180, 187; further the θ and the υ are typical variations. I wonder whether the variation β\/zero, to which Furnée devotes a chapter, derived from a labial [l]: * balʷ-it-, on which see αὖλαξ and Beekes, Pre-Greek. - The discussions in Frisk and DELG are examples of the wrong approach of Pre-Greek words: explaining away the characteristics of Pre-Greek.Page in Frisk: 1,249Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > βόλβιτον
-
5 βρίκελοι
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: οἱ μεν τοὺς ἱστόποδας, ἀπὸ τοῦ βάρους καὶ τοῦ ξύλου οἱ δε βαρβάρους Δίδυμος δε τὰ τραγικὰ προσωπεῖα, παρὰ Κρατίνῳ, οἷον βροτῳ̃ εἴκελοι, ἐν Σεριφίοις H. Also: βρίκελος Κρατῖνος Σεριφίοις (204K.) "\< αἶρ',\> αἶρε δεῦρο τοὺς βρικέλους" ἔστι δε βαρβαρικὸν τὸ ὄνομα, τίθεται δε [ καὶ] ᾽ἐπὶ προσώπων τραγικῶν καὶ εἴρηται οἱονεὶ βροτῳ̃ [ε]ἴκελος η Βριξὶν [ε]ἴκελος. Βρίγες γὰρ ἔθνος βαρβαρικὸν (Paus. Gr. p. 169 Erbse). Cf. βρικόν βάρβαρον; βρυκός βάρβαρος; βρίγες βάρβαροι. οἱ δε σολοικισταί Η.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]Etymology: A Pre-Gr. word βρικ-\/ βρυκ- `barbarian, foreigner'? (ι\/υ is a wellknown variation; - ελ- a Pre-Gr. suffix, Beekes Pre-Gr.). The Βρίγες are rather popular etym. here, βροτῳ̃ εἴκελος a learned etym. Nach Grošelj Živa Ant. 4, 166f. as Pre-Greek to φρίκες χάρακες H. - ἱστόποδες is unclear here (from βάρος and κελ- = ξύλον??; which does not imply that the meaning ἱστοπόδες is wrong).Page in Frisk: 1,269Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > βρίκελοι
-
6 ἐμύς
ἐμύς, - ύδοςGrammatical information: f.Meaning: `sweet water-tortoise' (Arist.) (in LSJ only in Suppl.)Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]Etymology: S. Chantraine Formation 126 and 347; origin unknown. Sommer Lautstud. 100 derives it from ἐμέω because the animal, when breathing out below the water-level lets go continuously air-bubbles. But - ud- is not an IE suffix, so prob. a Pre-Greek word; s. Chantr. Form. 348 πηλαμύς "sans doute prèhellénique," χλαμύς "arrangement d'un mot emprunté.") Cf. Beekes Pre-Greek suff. - υδ-. It has apparently escaped researchers that there are two forms; this prob. points to Pre-Greek origin (Fur. 346f.), though I cannot explain the variation ἀ-\/ἐ-. There is no support for the suggestion that πηλαμύς is compounded with it (which would make no difference for the interpretation). - So not to Celtic with Stokes BB 21, 132.Page in Frisk: 1,508Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἐμύς
-
7 θώραξ
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `cuirass' (Il.), `trunk, chest' (Hp.).Dialectal forms: Myc. to-ra-ke n.pl.Derivatives: θωρακεῖον (A., inscr.), θωράκιον (Plb.) `breastwork, parapet'; θωρηκτής `soldier with cuirass' (Il.; on the formation Trümpy [s. below] Redard Les noms grecs en - της 14, 232 n. 8), θωρακίτης `id.' (Plb.); θωρακικός `belonging to the trunk' (Aët.), θωρακαῖος `with cuirass (?)' (Delos IIa). Denomin. verbs: 1. θωρήσσομαι, -ω `put on a cuirass, armour yourself' (Il.), also metaph. `strengthen onseself (with wine, οἴνῳ, etc.)' (Hp., Thgn.) with θώρηξις `drinking to intoxication' (medic.). 2. θωρακίζω `armour' (Th., X.) with θωρακισμός (LXX).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Technical word without etymology, probably a loan. Earlier as inherited connected with Skt. dhāraka- `container' (cf. on θρᾶνος, θρόνος), but also as LW [loanword] compared with Lat. lōrīca. The meaning `trunk etc.' is prob. as medical term secondary against `cuirass, armour'. - Ample treatment by Trümpy Fachausdrücke 10ff. Also Hester, Lingua 13 (1965) 354. - Most prob. a Pre-Greek word; Fur. 302 n. 35 points to a v.l. θύραξ, which would prove Pre-Greek origin (Fur. gives more examples of ω\/υ; I think that Pre-Gr. u often was rendered by ω, as it did not have a phoneme ω, nor ο); the suffix -ᾱκ- is very frequent in Pre-Greek.Page in Frisk: 1,700Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > θώραξ
-
8 κᾰρύ̄κη
κᾰρύ̄κηGrammatical information: f.Meaning: name of a Lydian `soup of blood and spices' (Pherekr., Ath., Plu., Hdn.).Other forms: also - ύκκηCompounds: As 1. member in καρυκο-ειδής (Hp.), - ποιέω (Ar.).Derivatives: καρύκινος `κ.-coloured', i. e. `dark-red' (X.) and the denominatives 1. καρυκεύω `provided with κ., prepare' (Alex., Men.), also `mix, confound' (Erot., H.), with καρυκεία (Ath.), καρύκευμα (Poll., Arist.-comm.); 2. καρυκάζειν ταράττειν H.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: - Unexplained, prob. Lydian. The variation points to a Pre-Greek ( = Pre-Antolian) word; Fur.150 n.38. The structure of the word fits Pre-Greek, καρ-υκ- (Beekes, Pre-Greek, Suffixes)Page in Frisk: 1,794Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κᾰρύ̄κη
-
9 κεράμβυξ
κεράμβυξ, - υκοςGrammatical information: m.Meaning: `longicorn beetle, `Hornschröter' (Nic. Fr. 39, H.; on the meaning Goossens L'Ant. Class. 17, 263ff.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Cf. σήραμβος, κόλυμβος, κόρυμβος a. o. (Chantraine Formation 261), and βόμβυξ, ὄρτυξ etc. (ib. 383 and 397). Another formation is κεράμβηλον, glossed by H. a. o. with κάνθαρος; cf. πέτηλος, κίβδηλος a. o. - The form cannot be derived from κέρας `horn'. If they have prenasalization, as seems probable, it is a Pre-Greek word. We know that - ηλ(ο)- is a Pre-Greek suffix. Also the suffix - υκ- is Pre-Greek. Fur. (passim) compares κᾱ́ραβος, καρά(μ)βιος and καραβίδες, as well as *σκαραβαῖος, all beetles; the form κερα- may have been adapted to κέρας. It is surprising that th etymology with κέρας is so long retained and that the Pre-Greek character has not been observed.Page in Frisk: 1,822-823Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κεράμβυξ
-
10 κόμβος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `roll, band, girth' (Anon. ap. Suid.);Compounds: as 1. member in κομβο-λύτης βαλαντιοτόμος H., κομβο-θηλεία f. `buckle' (sch.; from κόμβος θῆλυς [ θήλεια]); also κομπο-θηλαία `band, girth' (sch.) and κομπο-θήλυκα pl. (Hippiatr.; v. l. for πόρπακας) after κόμπος = `boast'(?).Derivatives: κομβίον = περόνη (Eust., Sch.), κομβώσασθαι στολίσασθαι, κόμβωμα στόλισμα H., κομβώματα = καλλωπίσματα etc. (Suid., H.). Better attested is the hypostasis ἐγκομβόομαι `bind on, draw on' (Epich., hell. Com., 1 Ep. Pet. 5, 5) with ἐγκόμβωμα `protecting upper garment worn by slaves' (Longus, Thd.); further ἀνακομβόομαι `gird oneself' (Gp.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Technical word without certain explanation. One compares since Fick 1, 383; 3, 71, Zupitza Die germ. Gutt. 22f. on the one hand some Baltoch-Slavic words for `hang etc.', e. g. Lith. kabìnti `hang on, hook on', kìbti `hang on oneself, hook on', S.-Csl. skoba `fibula', Russ. skobá `iron hook, clamp', on the other Gr. σκαμβός `crooked (legs)', Σκόμβος PN (after Bechtel KZ 44, 358 "the limper"); further the isolated Norw. hempa `Kleiderstrippe, strap, handle' (can hardly be separated from hamp `hemp'). "Das Resultat dieser Vergleiche ist offenbar eine sowohl lautlich wie begrifflich wenig befriedigende Approximation." Frisk - Pok. 918, W.-Hofmann s. cambiō and campus, Vasmer s. skobá. - The IE connections are quite dubious. The forms κομβοθηλεία, κομποθηλαία, κομποθήλυκα clearly show a Pre-Greek word (a confusion of κόμβος with κόμπος is improbable, so the variation β\/π points to a Pre-Greek word; note also the variation - εια, - αια (and - υκα!), which we have seen more often in Pre-Greek (Beekes, Pre-Greek, suffixes sub - αι\/- ε(ι)). But does it contain the word κόμβος? The derivation of the second element from θῆλυς is clearly wrong.Page in Frisk: 1,907-908Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κόμβος
-
11 κύλιξ
κύλιξ, - ικοςGrammatical information: f. (m.)Meaning: `(drinking) cup' (posthom.).Compounds: Some compp., e.g. κυλικ-ήρυτος `scooped with a cup' (Call.), εὑ-κύλικος `with beautiful cups' (AP).Derivatives: Diminut.: κυλίκιον (Thphr.), κυλίσκη (D. H., Poll., hardly from - ικ-ίσκη Schwyzer 542), - ίσκιον (Poll.); - ίχνη (Alc., Ar.; Chantraine Formation 195); Lat. LW [loanword] culigna (cf. W.-Hofmann s. calix); - ίχνιον (Ar., hell.), - ιχνίς (Achae.); further κυλικ-εῖον `cup-stander' (comp., pap.), - ειος `belonging to a cup' (Poll.), - ώδης 'κ.-like' (sch.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Agrees but for the stem-vowel with Lat. calix `deep bowl, cup' (from where NHG Kelch etc.), but a variation a\/u is unknown. The word κάλυξ (s.v.) `seed-vessel, husk' is not identical with our word for the same reason. With anlaut sk Umbr. skalçe-ta `ex patera', cf. σκαλλίον κυλίκιον μικρόν, σκαλίς σκαφεῖον H. does not belong here for the same reason (s. v.). (Also not here Skt. kaláśa- m. `jar, pot, dish'.) As with so many names of cups etc. we must reckon with loans. Wrong Pok. 550 f., W.-Hofmann s. calix (also Ernout-Meillet) who consider the word as IE. Connecting IE * (s)kel- is (in spite of NHG Schale a. o.) not convincing. See Fur. 110, 132 with n. 65, who points to κυλί-σκ-η and κυλίχν-ιον etc. with aspiration before the nasal (which is un-Greek and un-IE). So the word is Pre-Greek. - ικ is a typical Pre-Greek suffix (Beekes, Pre-Greek, suffixes); κυλ-ικ- has a typical Pre-greek structure (ib.)Page in Frisk: 2,46-47Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κύλιξ
-
12 μέσπιλον
Grammatical information: n.Meaning: `medlar, -tree, Mespilus germanica' (Archil., Hp., Amphis, Dsc.), also `thorn, Crataegus (orientalis, oxyacantha', Thphr.).Other forms: - ίλη f. (Thphr.)Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Foreign word of unknown origin, cf. Schrader-Nehring Reallex. 2, 65, Lewy Fremdw. 52. Improbable Carnoy REGr. 71, 9 6 f. Lat. LW [loanword] mespilum, -a (cf. W.-Hofmann s. v.), from where OHG mespila etc. From μέσπιλον, -α Osman. mušmula, from there NGr. τὸ μούσμουλο `medlar' (Maidhof Glotta 10, 15). - Prob. Pre-Greek; - ιλ- is a PG [Pre-Greek] [Pre-Greek] suffix (Beekes, Pre-Greek, suffixes).Page in Frisk: 2,215Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > μέσπιλον
-
13 μίσχος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: 1. `stalk of a leaf, fruit or flower' (Thphr., Porph.), also 2. name of a Thessalisan apparatus for field work, " ἰσχυρότερον ἔτι τῆς δικέλλης,... ὅ μᾶλλον εἰς βάθος κατιὸν πλείω γῆν περιτρέπει καὶ κατωτέρωθεν" (Thphr.). Acc. to H. = ὁ παρὰ τῳ̃ φύλλῳ κόκκος, what can hardly be correct. As difficult is μίσκος = `pod, shell' (Poll. 6, 94). Extensively on μίσχος Strömberg Theophrastea 115f. Orig. agricultural term, by the botanic Theophrastos used for botany(?).Compounds: Compp., e.g. ἄ-μισχος `withou stalk' (Thphr.).Origin: 1. PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]; 2. PGX [probably a word of Pre-Greek origin] [probably a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: No etymology; the connection with μίσκαιος κῆπος H., which is further connected with Lith. mìškas `wood, forest', also `wood for burning or building' (Specht Ursprung 255 n. 2, Fraenkel Wb. s.v.), is semantically void, unless one accepts for the Lith. word a basic meaning `treetrunk, bar'. After Bechtel Dial. 1, 208 first from *μιχ-σκ-ος like μάσκη from *μάκ-σκη (s. μακέλη); "but μιχ- can nowhere be placed". Fur. 133 connects μίσχος and μίσκος, which means that the word is Pre-Greek. -- Fur. 133 does not want to connect the stalk and the Thessal. apparatus. On the other hand he may be right in connecting the latter with μίσκαιος, where σχ\/σκ rather points to Pre-Greek.Page in Frisk: 2,245Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > μίσχος
-
14 πύργος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `tower, wall-tower', also the fortification wall itself (Il.), metaph. `closed division of warriors, column' (Il.), `siege-tower' (X.), `farm-building', (LXX, pap., NT; lit. in Bauer Gr.-dt. Wb. s.v.).Compounds: Compp., e.g. πυργο-δάϊκτος `destroying towers' (A. Pers. 105 [lyr.]; prop. `with destroyed towers'? Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 82; s. also E. Williger Sprachl. Unt. zu den Kompp. der gr. Dicht. des V.Jh.s [Göttingen 1928] 45 n. 1), εὔ-πυργος `with fair towers, well-towered' (Η 71 a.o.).Derivatives: 1. Dimin. πυργ-ίον, - ίδιον, - ίς, - ίσκος, - ίσκιον, - ισκάριον (mostly hell. a. late); 2. - ωμα, mostly pl. - ώματα n. `tower structures' (Orac. ap. Hdt., A., E.); 3. πυργιτρον n. form a. meaning unclear (pap.VIp); 4. πυργ-ίτης n. `kind of sparrow' (Gal. a.o.; s. Redard 84 and on σποργίλος); - ῖτις βοτάνη H. 5. Adj. πύργ-ινος `consisting of towers' (A. in lyr.), - ειος `tower-like' (Ion., trag.), - ώδης `id.' (S.), - ῶτις `towered' (A. in lyr.; f. on *-ώτης, Redard 8); - ήρης `provided with towers, enclosed within towers or walls' (Orac. ap. Paus.) with - ηρέομαι `to be enclosed within towers or walls, to be besieged' (A., E.). 6. Adv. - ηδόν `columnwise' (Il.), `towerwise' (Aret.). 7. Verb πυργ-ῶσαι, - όω `to fence with towers, to pile up' (λ 264) with - ωτός `piled up' (Str. a.o.). 8. Πυργ-αλίδαι m. pl. n. of a guild in Kameiros (inscr.); after Τανταλ-ίδαι?Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Building technical expression; because of the striking similarity with NHG Burg, Goth. baurgs `town, tower' by Kretschmer Glotta 22, 100ff. taken as German. LW [loanword] through Northbalkan. (Macedon. ?) mediation. By others taken as Pre-Greek (Pelasgian as a form of Indo-European can now be forgotten. s. Furnée 40-55; s. Heubeck Praegraeca 63ff. w. further lit. In the same way is considered Πέργαμος, - ον, -α `the citadel (of Troy)', also PlN, to NHG Berg, Hitt. parkuš `high' etc.), s. Heubeck l.c. (Pok. 140f.), where also on the H.-glosses φύρκος τεῖχος and φ\<ο\> ύρκορ ὀχύρωμα (on this also Pisani Rev. int. ét. balk. 3, 22 n. 1); there is also a stronghold in Elis called Πύργος (Hdt. 4, 148, Str.) and a Φύρκος (Th. 5,49) -- On Lat. burgus (from Germ. or only influenced by it?) W.-Hofmann s.v. with Nachträgen. -- The forms with φυρκ- show well-known Pre-Greek alternations. To Asia Minor may point Urart. burgana `palace'. As to Περγαμον, the suffix - αμο- is Pre-Greek (cf. κάρδαμον). (Its non-IE character is confirmed by the place names Περγασα\/ Παργασα\/ Βαργασα, Furnée 64 n. 268, cf. on πάγασα) So the word is a normal Pre-Greek word.Page in Frisk: 2,629-630Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πύργος
-
15 σκινδαλμός
σκινδαλμός, σκινδάλαμοςGrammatical information: m.Meaning: `splinter, hair-splitting etc.' (Dsc., Alciphr.), also σκινδάλαμος (Ar., Luc. a.o.), also σχινδαλμός, σχιδαλαμός a.o. (v. l. Hp. Mul. 2, 133).Derivatives: Besides σκινδύλιον n. `shingle' (Delph. IIa), ἀνα-σχινδυλεύω `to pierce' (Pl.), - σκινδυλεύω, - σκινδαλεύω (H., EM, Phryn.), after σκυλεύω, σκαλεύω a.o.; σχινδύλησις f. `split' (Hp. ap. Gal.). 2. On σκιδαρόν ἀραιόν H. s.v. 3. On σκοῖδος s.v. On all the words under C in Frisk s. Hiersche Ten. asp. 215ff. w. lit.; there also on the initial σχ-.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin] (S, V)Etymology: The group has nothing to do with σχίζω: σχίζω never has σκ-, and it never has - νδ-. The variation κ\/χ is Pre-Greek, but the χ may also have been taken from σχίζω. The suffix - αλμ- is not IE, but it is Pre-Greek, cf. ὀφθαλμός (s. v.); thus Beekes Devel. 193f., FS Kortlandt. The second α is a secondary prop vowel, which is requent in Pre-Greek (Furnée 378-385). The suffix - υλ- too is Pre-Greek. On the other forms I have no opinion ( σκοιδ-, σκινδυλ-; not in Furnée).See also: s. σχίζω.Page in Frisk: 2,Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σκινδαλμός
-
16 σκινδάλαμος
σκινδαλμός, σκινδάλαμοςGrammatical information: m.Meaning: `splinter, hair-splitting etc.' (Dsc., Alciphr.), also σκινδάλαμος (Ar., Luc. a.o.), also σχινδαλμός, σχιδαλαμός a.o. (v. l. Hp. Mul. 2, 133).Derivatives: Besides σκινδύλιον n. `shingle' (Delph. IIa), ἀνα-σχινδυλεύω `to pierce' (Pl.), - σκινδυλεύω, - σκινδαλεύω (H., EM, Phryn.), after σκυλεύω, σκαλεύω a.o.; σχινδύλησις f. `split' (Hp. ap. Gal.). 2. On σκιδαρόν ἀραιόν H. s.v. 3. On σκοῖδος s.v. On all the words under C in Frisk s. Hiersche Ten. asp. 215ff. w. lit.; there also on the initial σχ-.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin] (S, V)Etymology: The group has nothing to do with σχίζω: σχίζω never has σκ-, and it never has - νδ-. The variation κ\/χ is Pre-Greek, but the χ may also have been taken from σχίζω. The suffix - αλμ- is not IE, but it is Pre-Greek, cf. ὀφθαλμός (s. v.); thus Beekes Devel. 193f., FS Kortlandt. The second α is a secondary prop vowel, which is requent in Pre-Greek (Furnée 378-385). The suffix - υλ- too is Pre-Greek. On the other forms I have no opinion ( σκοιδ-, σκινδυλ-; not in Furnée).See also: s. σχίζω.Page in Frisk: 2,Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σκινδάλαμος
-
17 Έρῑνῡς
Έρῑνύ̄ς, -ύοςGrammatical information: f.Meaning: name of a revenging god(dess), orig. perh. the revenging soul of the the murdered man; appellativ. `revenge, curse' (Il.), name of Demeter in Arcadia (Antim., Call., Paus. 8, 25, 6).Other forms: On the length of the υ see LSJ. Εριννυς rejected by LSJDialectal forms: Myc. Erinu.Derivatives: ἐρινυώδης `like the E.' (Plu.); ἐρινύω = θυμῳ̃ χρῆσθαι (Arc., Paus. l. c., EM), cf. Bechtel Dial. 1, 390.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Uncertain; diff. proposals: to ἔρις, ὀρίνω (Solmsen KZ 42, 230 n. 2), to Skt. ríṣyati `be damaged' (Ehrlich Sprachgesch. 35, Prellwitz KZ 47, 187); to Skt. roṣati, ruṣyati `be unpleasant, be angry' with dissimilation υ-υ to ι-υ (Froehde BB 20, 187f.); cf. Kretschmer Glotta 9, 233. Etym. from Sanskrit are improbable - A connection with the mythical stallion Έρίων ( Άρίων, ΌρίϜων; Bechtel Dial. 1, 349; s. also v. Wilamowitz Glaube 1, 399f.) requires further demonstration. - On the Erinyes Nilsson Gr. Rel. 1, 100f. - It is to be expected that the name is Pre-Greek. Cf. Herter, Lexis 3(1954)232 and Arena, Helikon 6 (1966)144f. Neumann, Sprache 32 (1986) 43-51 proposes * eri-snh₁-u- `who provokes struggle', from * sneh₁- as in νεῦρον. This would give, however, * eri-san-u- \> * eri-(h)anu-; this could be avoided by assuming that the laryngeal was lost in the compound. But does `provoke struggles' fit? Heubeck, Glotta 64 (1986), who accepts Neumann, answers no; (in fact he says that such a meaning "zwar nicht restlos geschwunden, aber doch... weitgehend zurückgedrängt worden ist", p. 164. The Erinyes have nothing to do with ἔρις, and the proposal cannot be correct; their primary function is to punish. So there is no good IE etymology and the word will be Pre-Greek. (The ending -ῡς would have to be from - uH-s, i.e. - u-h₂- (there is no suffix - uH-_), but Motionsfem. of this type in Greek are not known). I think that the ending is Pre-Greek. Also the variation ν\/νν may represent a palatal (phoneme) ny (cf. ly in Α᾽χιλ(λ)εύς; for the phenomenon see Beekes, Pre-Greek B 1).Page in Frisk: 1,559Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > Έρῑνῡς
-
18 Ἰαπετός
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: Iapetos (Il.)Other forms: Ί- metr. lengthened.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: The name was connected with the biblical Japheth; thus recently M.L. West, Hes. Th. 134. The idea seems most improbable for a god thrown in Tartaros by Zeus. The name is often connected with ἰάπτω as "the one thrown off" (Θ 479, Hes. On the formation Schwyzer 502, Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 51 n. 1) with Ίαπετιονίδης (Hes.; Solmsen Unt. 58). The interpretation seems improbable to me (rather a mere guess). It seems obvious that the name, of a pre-Olympian god, is Pre-Greek. A suffix - ετος is found in Pre-Greek, Beekes, Pre-Greek, Suffixes nr. 42; Furnée 155 n. 2 mentions a demon ῎Ασβετός (which he compares with ῎Ασπετος ὁ Α᾽χιλλεὺς ἐν Η᾽πείρῳ H.); it is also found in GN, cf. Ταύγετον, Ταλετόν.Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > Ἰαπετός
-
19 ἀντικρύ
Grammatical information: adv.Meaning: `right opposite' (Il.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]Etymology: With ἀντι- ?, further unclear. Kretschmer Glotta 4, 356 connects ἀντικρούω `come into collision'. Improbable Chantraine Gramm. hom. 2, 148: to κάρη. Improb. also vW. (to Lat. crūs). Beekes - Cuypers, Mnem. 56 (2003): -υ short, but metrically lengthened. The Attic form hardly substituted ἀντα- for ἀντι- (the anticipation of the ρ and the assimilation would then be strange); but this also suggests that ἀντα\/ι- is not the Greek word (assimilation ο \> υ is also rare in Greek). If the word was Pre-Greek (* ant(r)ak(r)u-) identification with ἀντι would not surprise. Interchange ο\/ι is known from Pre-Greek words (Fur. 191 n. 37), so the word will be Pre-Greek. Then, it is also uncertain what the original position of the ρ was; if *ἀντρα-κυ, the last element might be compared with μεσσηγυ, ἐγγύς.Page in Frisk: 1,114Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀντικρύ
-
20 ἄ̄ρδω
ἄ̄ρδωGrammatical information: v.Meaning: `irrigate, give drink' (Pi.).Other forms: ἀ̄- foll. Hdn. Gr. 2, 109.Compounds: νεο-αρδής `recently watered' (Φ 346).Derivatives: ἀρδμός `drinking place' (Il.), ἀρδάλια τοὺς πυθμένας τῶν κεραμίδων, οὕς ἔνιοι γοργύρας καλοῦσιν H.Origin: XX [etym. unknown] PGX [probably a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: No etymology. Kretschmer Glotta 3, 294f. explains the length from *ἀ-Ϝάρδω with prothetic vowel. Connection with ἐρράδαται (\< *ϜεϜράδαται), to Latv. werdīt `sprudeln', Lith. versmė̃ `spring', is prob. wrong, because the δ in ἐρράδαται (to ῥαίνω) is secondary (Schwyzer 672), and because of the meaning of the Baltic words. Fur. compares παρδακός (241) `humid' (very doubtful) and ἄρσεα λειμῶνες Η. (254; - σος being a pre-Greek suffix; attractive); he also assumes a (substr.) prothetic vowel comparing νεοαρδής (so did Kretschmer, but that was pre-laryngealistic). Neumann, Unters. 91, noted that several words for irrigation are pre-Greek ( γοργύρα, ἄνδηρα).Page in Frisk: 1,135Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἄ̄ρδω
См. также в других словарях:
pre — pre·abdomen; pre·acanthella; pre·adamitism; pre·adapt; pre·adaptation; pre·adaptive; pre·admission; pre·adolescence; pre·adult; pre·agonal; pre·am·bu·lar; pre·am·bu·late; pre·amp; pre·amplifier; pre·animism; pre·apprehension; pre·arrange;… … English syllables
pré — [ pre ] n. m. • pred 1080; lat. pratum 1 ♦ Terrain produisant de l herbe qui sert à la nourriture du bétail. ⇒ prairie. Mener les vaches au pré. ⇒ pâturage. Mettre un cheval au pré, au vert. « Il l attacha à un pieu, au plus bel endroit du pré »… … Encyclopédie Universelle
pré- — ♦ Élément, du lat. prae « devant, en avant », marquant l antériorité dans le temps (préavis, préconçu, préhistoire, préscolaire), ou dans l espace (préoral, Préalpes). ⊗ CONTR. Post . ● pré Préfixe, du latin prae, devant, indiquant l antériorité… … Encyclopédie Universelle
pré — 1. (pré) s. m. 1° Terre à foin ou à pâturage. • Un ruisseau qui, sur la molle arène, Dans un pré plein de fleurs lentement se promène, BOILEAU Art p. I. • Les prés et les bois de bonne qualité sont de tous les biens ceux qui exigent le… … Dictionnaire de la Langue Française d'Émile Littré
Pré — Pre steht für Palm Pre, ein Smartphone des PDA Herstellers Palm Inc. pre ist in der Informatik ein Tag in HTML für Textabschnitte mit präformatiertem (englisch: preformatted) Text Pré steht für eine Sprache der Elfenbeinküste, siehe Pré (Sprache) … Deutsch Wikipedia
pré — PRÉ. s. m. Terre qui porte de l herbe dont on fait le foin, & qui sert au pasturage. Bas pré. haut pré. un grand, un bon pré. pré vert. pré fleuri. la verdure, les fleurs des prez. ce pré porte de fort bon foin. faucher un pré. les chevaux, les… … Dictionnaire de l'Académie française
PRE — Pour les articles homonymes, voir pré. Pre Pays d’origine … Wikipédia en Français
Pre-1A — is a grade in the Jewish day school structure of education, mainly in the United States of America. Jewish Day School Grade Structure The system in the US Jewish day school system is as follows:Early Childhood: Mommy and Me… … Wikipedia
PRE — steht für: pre, eine Vorsilbe, siehe Liste lateinischer Präfixe <pre>...</pre>, ein HTML Tag Rufname von Steve Prefontaine (1951 1975), Langstreckenläufer aus den USA Das Palm Pre ist ein Smartphone von HP Palm PRE ist die Abkürzung… … Deutsch Wikipedia
pre- — [priː] prefix coming before something: • Pre tax profits (= profits before tax has been taken off ) were up 7.5%. • the difference between the pre and post crash results * * * pre UK US prefix … Financial and business terms
pre- — prefix 1 a: earlier than: prior to: before pre marital pre judgment b: preparatory or prerequisite to pre hearing 2: in advance: beforehan … Law dictionary