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wheat

  • 1 pšenica

    Slovenian-english dictionary > pšenica

  • 2 esera

    esera Grammatical information: f. ā Proto-Slavic meaning: `fishbone, awn'
    Page in Trubačev: VI 29-30
    Polish:
    jesiory (OPl., dial.) `fishbone' [Nompf ā];
    osiory (NE. dial.) `awn, beard (on ears of grain), hulls;
    fishbone, fish scales' [Nompf ā]
    Slovincian:
    jìe̯zo_ră `fishbone' [f ā]
    Polabian:
    jeseråi `awn, beard (on ears of grain)' [f ā]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: eś-er-aʔ
    Lithuanian:
    ešerỹs `perch (perca fluvialis), fin' [f ā] 3b;
    ašerỹs (dial.) `perch (perca fluvialis), fin' [f ā] 3b
    Latvian:
    asaris `perch (perca fluvialis)' [m jo];
    aseris `perch (perca fluvialis)' [m jo]
    Indo-European reconstruction: h₂eḱ-er-
    Certainty: +
    Page in Pokorny: 18
    Comments: It seems obvious that this Balto-Slavic etymon is cognate with Germanic *ah-s-/*ah-iz- `ear', cf. Go. ahs n., OIc. ax n., OHG ahir, ehir n., and with such forms as OHG ahil `Ährenspitze', MoE (arch.) ail `beard on wheat and barley' (Kluge s.v. Ähre). A nice parallel for the meaning `perch' is OIc. ǫgr `bass' < *agura- < h₂eḱ-. Since the root is probably *h₂eḱ- `sharp', the forms with *e- must be considered instances of Rozwadowski's change. Note that we find a- in the Latvian forms but also in Lith. ašakà `fishbone' and aš(t)rùs `sharp'.
    Notes:
    It seems obvious that this Balto-Slavic etymon is cognate with Germanic *ah-s-/*ah-iz- `ear', cf. Go. ahs n., OIc. ax n., OHG ahir, ehir n., and with such forms as OHG ahil `Ährenspitze', MoE (arch.) ail `beard on wheat and barley' (Kluge s.v. Ähre). A nice parallel for the meaning `perch' is OIc. ǫgr `bass' < *agura- < h₂eḱ-. Since the root is probably *h₂eḱ- `sharp', the forms with *e- must be considered instances of Rozwadowski's change. Note that we find a- in the Latvian forms but also in Lith. ašakà `fishbone' and aš(t)rùs `sharp'.

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  • 3 ěrъka

    ěrъka Grammatical information: f. ā
    Page in Trubačev: VIII 179-180
    Czech:
    jarka `spring wheat, sheep born in spring' [f ā];
    jarka (dial.) `spring rye, ewe that had young in spring' [f ā]
    Slovak:
    jarka `one year old sheep' [f ā]
    Polish:
    jarka `increase or harvest of this or last year's spring, barren sheep' [f ā]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    jȁrka `spring corn, hen that has laid eggs for the first time' [f ā];
    jȃrka `spring maize' [f ā];
    Čak. jãrka (Orbanići) `species of grain' [f ā]
    Slovene:
    jȃrka `summer fruit (e.g. of spring rye or wheat), young hen' [f ā]
    Bulgarian:
    járka `young chicken' [f ā]
    Comments: Derivative in *- ъka. See -> *ěro, *ěra, *ěrъ.

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  • 4 pỳrъ

    pỳrъ; pỳrьjь Grammatical information: m. o Accent paradigm: a Proto-Slavic meaning: `spelt'
    Church Slavic:
    pyro (RuCS) `spelt' [n o]
    Russian:
    pyréj `couch-grass' [m jo]
    Czech:
    pýr `quitch' [m o]
    Slovak:
    pýr `quitch' [m o]
    Polish:
    perz `quitch' [m jo]
    Old Polish:
    pyrz `quitch' [m jo]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    pȉr `spelt' [m o];
    Čak. pȋr `spelt' [m o], pȉra [Gens]
    Slovene:
    pȋr `spelt' [m o];
    píra `spelt, millet' [f ā]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: puʔros
    Lithuanian:
    pūraĩ `winter corn' [Nompm io] 4;
    pū́ras `grain measure' [m o] 1
    Latvian:
    pùr̨i `winter corn' [Nompm io];
    pûri (E. Latv.) `winter corn' [Nompm io];
    pũrs `corn measure' [m o]
    Indo-European reconstruction: puH-ró-
    Other cognates:
    Gk. πυ̑ρός `wheat' [m o];
    Gk. (Dor.) σπυ̑ρός `wheat' [m o]

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  • 5 pỳrьjь

    pỳrъ; pỳrьjь Grammatical information: m. o Accent paradigm: a Proto-Slavic meaning: `spelt'
    Church Slavic:
    pyro (RuCS) `spelt' [n o]
    Russian:
    pyréj `couch-grass' [m jo]
    Czech:
    pýr `quitch' [m o]
    Slovak:
    pýr `quitch' [m o]
    Polish:
    perz `quitch' [m jo]
    Old Polish:
    pyrz `quitch' [m jo]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    pȉr `spelt' [m o];
    Čak. pȋr `spelt' [m o], pȉra [Gens]
    Slovene:
    pȋr `spelt' [m o];
    píra `spelt, millet' [f ā]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: puʔros
    Lithuanian:
    pūraĩ `winter corn' [Nompm io] 4;
    pū́ras `grain measure' [m o] 1
    Latvian:
    pùr̨i `winter corn' [Nompm io];
    pûri (E. Latv.) `winter corn' [Nompm io];
    pũrs `corn measure' [m o]
    Indo-European reconstruction: puH-ró-
    Other cognates:
    Gk. πυ̑ρός `wheat' [m o];
    Gk. (Dor.) σπυ̑ρός `wheat' [m o]

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  • 6 žìto

    žìto Grammatical information: n. o Accent paradigm: a Proto-Slavic meaning: `grain, corn'
    Old Church Slavic:
    žito `corn, fruits' [n o]
    Russian:
    žíto `corn' [n o]
    Ukrainian:
    žýto `rye' [n o]
    Old Czech:
    žíto `corn' [n o]
    Polish:
    żyto `rye' [n o]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    žȉto `corn, wheat' [n o];
    Čak. žȉto (Vrgada) `barley' [n o];
    Čak. žȉto (Orbanići) `grain' [n o];
    Čak. žȉto (Cres) `wheat' [n o]
    Slovene:
    žítọ `corn' [n o]
    Bulgarian:
    žíto `corn' [n o]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: géit-
    Old Prussian:
    geits `bread'
    Indo-European reconstruction: gʷeHi-to-
    Other cognates:
    W bwyd `food, meat'

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  • 7 ěrina

    ěrina Grammatical information: f. ā
    Page in Trubačev: VIII 173-174
    Church Slavic:
    jarina `wool' [f ā];
    jarina (RuCS) `wool' [f ā]
    Old Russian:
    jarina `wool' [f ā]
    Ukrainian:
    jaryná `spring corn, spring sowings, spring field' [f ā];
    jaryná (dial.) `vegetables' [f ā]
    Czech:
    jařina `spring corn' [f ā]
    Slovak:
    jarina `spring corn' [f ā]
    Polish:
    jarzyna `vegetables, spring corn' [f ā]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    jȁrina `lamb's wool' [f ā];
    jarìna `spring crop' [f ā];
    Čak. jȁrina (Vrgada) `lamb's (first) wool' [f ā];
    Čak. jarĩna (Orbanići) `late crop (grapes, wheat etc.)' [f ā]
    Slovene:
    jarína `spring seed, summer fruit' [f ā]
    Bulgarian:
    járina `lamb's wool' [f ā]
    Comments: Derivative in *- ina. See -> *ěro, *ěra, *ěrъ for the etymology of the root.

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  • 8 ěrь

    I. ěrь Grammatical information: f. i
    Page in Trubačev: VIII 180-181
    Russian:
    jar' (dial.) `spring, spring field, spring wheat' [f i]
    Old Russian:
    jar' `spring corn' [f i]
    Ukrainian:
    jar' `spring, spring corn' [f i]
    Czech:
    jař `spring corn' [f i];
    jar (dial.) `spring' [f i]
    Slovak:
    jar `spring' [f i]
    Polish:
    jarz (15th-17th c.) `spring, spring corn' [f i]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    jar `spring barley ( Hordeum distichum )' [f i];
    jar `spring barley ( Hordeum distichum )' [m. o]
    Slovene:
    jȃr `spring corn' [f i], jarȋ [Gens] \{1\}
    Other cognates:
    Skt. paryāríṇī- (Kath+) `cow which has its first calf after a year' [f];
    Gk. ὥρα̑ `time, season' [f];
    Av. yar- `year' [n];
    Go. jer `year' [n];
    OHG jār `year' [n]
    Notes:
    \{1\} Pleteršnik actually has `Sommergetreide', which means `corn that is sown in spring and harvested in summer'. I assume that jȃr may be identified with jaro žito `corn sown in spring', cf. járica `id.'.
    II. \>\> ěro

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  • 9 ěrьcь

    ěrьcь Grammatical information: m. jo
    Page in Trubačev: VIII 180-181
    Russian:
    jaréc (dial.) `one year old beaver' [m jo], jarcá [Gens]
    Ukrainian:
    jaréc' (dial.) `barley' [m jo]
    Slovak:
    jarec `barley' [m jo]
    Polish:
    jarzec (dial.) `spring barley' [m jo]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    jȁrac `he-goat' [m o], jȃrca [Gens];
    Čak. jȁrac (Vrgada) `he-goat' [m o], jå̃rca [Gens]
    Slovene:
    jȃrǝc `kid born in spring, (uncastrated) ram, spring wheat' [f i]
    Bulgarian:
    járec `kid' [m jo]
    Comments: Derivative in *- ьcь. See -> *ěro, *ěra, *ěrъ.

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  • 10 kvě̑tъ

    kvě̑tъ Grammatical information: m. o Accent paradigm: c Proto-Slavic meaning: `flower'
    Page in Trubačev: XIII 162-163
    Old Church Slavic:
    cvětъ `flower' [m o]
    Russian:
    cvet (obs.) `flower' [m o], cvéta [Gens], cvetý [Nom p];
    cvetók `flower' [m o], cvetý [Nom p];
    kvet (dial.) `flower' [m o]
    Czech:
    květ `flower' [m o]
    Slovak:
    kvet `flower' [m o]
    Polish:
    kwiat `flower' [m o]
    Upper Sorbian:
    květ `flower' [m o]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    cvȉjet `flower, bloom' [m o], cvȉjeta [Gens];
    Čak. cvȋt (Vrgada) `flower, white wheat flour' [m o], cvȋta [Gens];
    Čak. cviȇt (Orbanići) `bloom' [m o]
    Slovene:
    cvẹ̑t `flower' [m o/u], cvẹ̑ta [Gens], cvẹtȗ [Gens]
    Bulgarian:
    cvjat `bloom' [m o]
    Lithuanian:
    cvijeta [Gens]
    Indo-European reconstruction: ḱuoit-o-

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  • 11 sòlma

    sòlma Grammatical information: f. ā Accent paradigm: a Proto-Slavic meaning: `straw'
    Church Slavic:
    slama `straw' [f ā]
    Russian:
    solóma `straw, thatch' [f ā]
    Czech:
    sláma `straw' [f ā]
    Slovak:
    slama `straw' [f ā]
    Polish:
    sɫoma `straw' [f ā]
    Upper Sorbian:
    sɫoma `straw' [f ā]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    slȁma `straw' [f ā];
    Čak. slȁma (Vrgada, Novi, Orbanići) `straw' [f ā]
    Slovene:
    sláma `straw' [f ā]
    Bulgarian:
    sláma `straw' [f ā]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: sólʔm-
    Latvian:
    sal̃ms `straw' [m o]
    Old Prussian:
    salme `straw' [f]
    Indo-European reconstruction: ḱolH-m-eh₂
    Other cognates:
    Gk. καλάμη `stubble' [f];
    Gk. κάλαμος `reed'
    ;
    Lat. culmus `stubble, stem (of wheat)'
    ;
    OHG hal(a)m `stalk'

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См. также в других словарях:

  • Wheat — (hw[=e]t), n. [OE. whete, AS. hw[=ae]te; akin to OS. hw[=e]ti, D. weit, G. weizen, OHG. weizzi, Icel. hveiti, Sw. hvete, Dan. hvede, Goth. hwaiteis, and E. white. See {White}.] (Bot.) A cereal grass ({Triticum vulgare}) and its grain, which… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • WHEAT — WHEAT, grain belonging to the genus Triticum, of which many species exist. Several species of Triticum are grown in Israel, some called ḥittah (pl. ḥittim) and others kussemet, kusmin, and shippon (for this identification see five species ). (1)… …   Encyclopedia of Judaism

  • wheat — [ wit, hwit ] noun uncount * a tall plant that produces grain for making bread and other foods: East Asian farmers grew 30 million tons of wheat last year. wheat farm/field/crop/harvest a. wheat grains or food made from them:… …   Usage of the words and phrases in modern English

  • wheat — O.E. hwæte wheat, from P.Gmc. *khwaitijaz (Cf. O.S. hweti, O.N. hveiti, Norw. kveite, O.Fris. hwete, M.Du., Du. weit, O.H.G. weizzi, Ger. Weizen, Goth. hvaiteis wheat ), lit. that which is white, from *khwitaz …   Etymology dictionary

  • wheat — [wi:t] n [U] [: Old English; Origin: hwAte] 1.) the grain that bread is made from, or the plant that it grows on ▪ a field of wheat 2.) separate the wheat from the chaff to choose the good and useful things or people and get rid of the others …   Dictionary of contemporary English

  • wheat — [hwēt, wēt] n. [ME whete < OE hwæte, akin to Ger weizen < IE base * kweid , to gleam, bright, WHITE: from the white seed] 1. any of several cereal grasses (genus Triticum) having dense, erect spikes containing grains which thresh free of… …   English World dictionary

  • wheat|en — «HWEE tuhn», adjective. 1. made of the grain or flour of wheat, as bread made of the whole grain as distinct from white bread. 2. of or belonging to wheat as a plant …   Useful english dictionary

  • Wheat. — Wheat. Wheaton s United States Supreme Court Reports Short Dictionary of (mostly American) Legal Terms and Abbreviations …   Law dictionary

  • wheat — ► NOUN ▪ a cereal widely grown in temperate countries, the grain of which is ground to make flour. ORIGIN Old English, related to WHITE(Cf. ↑whitish) …   English terms dictionary

  • Wheat — This article is about the plant. For other uses, see Wheat (disambiguation). Wheat Scientific classification Kingdom: Plantae (unranke …   Wikipedia

  • wheat — wheatless, adj. /hweet, weet/, n. 1. the grain of any cereal grass of the genus Triticum, esp. T. aestivum, used in the form of flour for making bread, cakes, etc., and for other culinary and nutritional purposes. 2. the plant itself. [bef. 900;… …   Universalium

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