volumen+c

ex-plĭco, āvi and ŭi (the latter first in Verg. G. 2, 280; afterwards freq.; Hor. C. 3, 29, 16; 4, 9, 44; id. S. 2, 2, 125; Liv. 7, 23, 6 et saep.; cf. Gell. 1, 7, 20), ātum or ĭtum (Cic. uses mostly atum, Caes. atum and itum; cf.

explicaturos,

Caes. B. C. 1, 78, 4;

with explicitis,

id. ib. 3, 75, 2;

and, explicitius,

id. ib. 1, 78, 2; upon these forms v. Neue, Formenl. 2, pp. 479 sq., 550 sq.), 1, v. a., to unfold, uncoil, unroll, unfurl, spread out, loosen, undo (class.; esp. freq. in the trop. sense; syn.: expedio, extrico, enodo, enucleo; explano, expono, interpretor).

Lit.:

velum,

Plaut. Mil. 4, 8, 7:

non explicata veste neque proposito argento, etc.,

spread out, Cic. de Or. 1, 35, 161:

volumen,

to open, id. Rosc. Am. 35, 101:

suas pennas (ales),

Ov. Am. 2, 6, 55:

plenas plagas,

Mart. 1, 56, 8:

perturbatum et confusum agmen,

to put in order, Hirt. B. G. 8, 14, 2:

capillum pectine,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 129 Müll.:

fusos,

to unwind, Mart. 4, 54, 10:

frontem sollicitam,

to free from wrinkles, to smooth, Hor. C. 3, 29, 16;

for which: explicare seria contractae frontis,

id. S. 2, 2, 125; cf.

mare,

i. e. to calm, Sen. Herc. Oet. 455:

si ex his te laqueis exueris ac te aliqua via ac ratione explicaris,

hast extricated, freed thyself, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 58, § 151:

se (ex funibus ancorarum),

Dig. 9, 2, 29:

inimicae et oves, difficile se (apibus) e lanis earum explicantibus,

Plin. 11, 18, 19, § 62:

se explicat angustum,

Juv. 12, 55.—

Transf., to spread out, stretch out, extend, deploy, display:

aciem,

Liv. 7, 23, 6; 40, 4, 4; 40, 5, 26 al.; cf.

ordinem,

id. 2, 46, 3:

agmen,

id. 10, 20, 3:

cohortes (longa legio),

Verg. G. 2, 280:

se turmatim (equites),

Caes. B. C. 3, 93, 3; cf.

mid.: priusquam plane legiones explicari et consistere possent,

id. ib. 2, 26, 4; and:

ut ordo omnium navium explicari posset,

Liv. 37, 23, 10:

per obstantis catervas Explicuit sua victor arma,

Hor. C. 4, 9, 44:

atria, congestos satis explicatura clientes,

Stat. Th. 1, 146:

ut forum laxaremus et usque ad atrium Libertatis explicaremus,

extend, Cic. Att. 4, 16, 14; cf.:

unde pons in oppidum pertinens explicatur,

Sall. H. 3, 20:

orbes (serpens),

Ov. M. 15, 720:

frondes omnes (pampinus),

Verg. G. 2, 335:

se (montes),

Plin. 5, 29, 31, § 118:

arida ligna in flammas (ignis),

Lucr. 2, 882:

convivium,

i. e. to set out richly, to furnish, Mart. 1, 100, 13:

explicavi meam rem post illa lucro,

i. e. amplified, enlarged, Plaut. Poen. 3, 5, 5.

Trop.

In gen. (very seldom):

explica atque excute intelligentiam tuam, ut videas quae sit, etc.,

display, Cic. Off. 3, 20, 81: Siciliam multis undique cinctam periculis explicavit, has set at large, set free (qs. released from toils, snares), id. de Imp. Pomp. 11, 30; cf.:

quemadmodum se explicent dicendo,

id. Fl. 4, 10: da operam, ut te explices, huc quam primum venias, Pompei. ap. Cic. Att. 8, 12, D. 2.—

In partic.

To disentangle, set in order, arrange, regulate, settle, adjust any thing complicated or difficult:

pulcre ego hanc explicatam tibi rem dabo,

Plaut. Ps. 4, 1, 20:

peto a te, ut ejus negotia explices et expedias,

Cic. Fam. 13, 26, 2:

negotia,

id. Att. 5, 12, 3; cf. id. ib. 16, 3, 5:

belli rationem,

id. Prov. Cons. 14, 35; cf.:

rationem salutis,

id. Fam. 6, 1, 2:

rem frumentariam,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 4 fin.: si Faberius nobis nomen illud explicat, noli quaerere, quanti, settles, i. e. pays that item, Cic. Att. 13, 29, 2:

Faberianum,

id. ib. § 3; cf.:

si qui debitores, quia non possint explicare pecuniam, differant solutionem,

Dig. 42, 1, 31:

consilium,

Caes. B. C. 1, 78, 4; cf.:

his explicitis rebus,

id. ib. 3, 75, 2: subvenire tempestati quavis ratione sapientis est;

eoque magis, si plus adipiscare re explicatā boni, quam addubitatā mali,

Cic. Off. 1, 24, 83:

ea, quae per defunctum inchoata sunt, per heredem explicari debent,

Dig. 27, 7, 1:

transii ad elegos: hos quoque feliciter explicui,

Plin. Ep. 7, 4, 7 (cf. under

,

Plin. Ep. 8, 1, 1:

fugam,

Phaedr. 4, 7, 15:

nihilo plus explicet ac si Insanire paret, etc.,

will make no more out of it, Hor. S. 2, 3, 270.—

Of speech, to develop, unfold, set forth, exhibit, treat, state: vitam alterius totam explicare, Civ. Div. in Caecil. 8, 27:

perfice, ut Crassus haec, quae coartavit et peranguste refersit in oratione sua, dilatet nobis atque explicet,

id. de Or. 1, 35, 163:

explicando excutiendoque verbo,

id. Part. Or. 36, 124:

aliquid expedite,

id. Brut. 67, 237:

aliquid apertissime planissimeque,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 64, § 156:

aliquid definitione,

id. Fin. 3, 10, 33:

funera fando,

Verg. A. 2, 362:

philosophiam,

Cic. Div. 2, 2, 6; cf.:

philosophiam diligentissime Graecis litteris,

id. Ac. 1, 2, 4:

summorum oratorum Graecas orationes,

id. de Or. 1, 34, 155:

geometricum quiddam aut physicum aut dialecticum (corresp. to expedire),

id. Div. 2, 59, 122:

non de aegritudine solum, sed de omni animi perturbatione explicabo,

id. Tusc. 3, 6, 13:

de scorpionibus et catapultis,

Vitr. 10, 22:

ut explicemus, quae sint materiae, etc.,

Quint. 10, 5, 1.— Pass. impers.:

quae vero auxilia sunt capitis, eo loco explicitum est,

Cels. 4, 2.—Hence,

explĭcātus, a, um, P. a.

Lit., spread out:

Capua planissimo in loco explicata,

Cic. Agr. 2, 35, 96:

vallis,

Pall. Aug. 11, 2.—

Trop.

Well ordered, regular:

in causa facili atque explicata,

Cic. Planc. 2, 5.—

Plain, clear:

nisi explicata solutione non sum discessurus,

Cic. Att. 15, 20, 4.— Comp.:

litterae tuae, quibus nihil potest esse explicatius, nihil perfectius,

Cic. Att. 9, 7, 2.— Sup.:

explicatissima responsa,

Aug. Ep. 34 fin. —

Assured, certain:

nec habet explicatam aut exploratam rationem salutis suae,

Cic. Fam. 6, 1, 2.—

* Adv.: explĭ-cāte, plainly, clearly:

qui distincte, qui explicate, qui abundanter et rebus et verbis dicunt,

Cic. de Or. 3, 14, 53.— Comp.:

explicatius,

August. Civ. D. 19, 4.—

explĭ-cĭtus, a, um, P. a. (acc. to II. B. 1.), lit., disentangled, i. e. free from obstacles, easy:

in his erat angustiis res: sed ex propositis consiliis duobus explicitius videbatur, Ilerdam reverti,

Caes. B. C. 1, 78, 2.

► explĭcit, in late Lat., at the end of a book, is prob. an abbreviation of explicitus (est liber), the book is ended (acc. to signif. II. B. 1.); cf.:

explicitum nobis usque ad sua cornua librum refers,

Mart. 11, 107, 1: solemus completis opusculis ad distinctionem rei alterius sequentis medium interponere Explicit aut Feliciter aut aliquid istius modi, Hier. Ep. 28, 4.

huc (old form hoc, like illoc, istoc, Plaut. Capt. 3, 1, 19; id. Truc. 2, 2, 27 et saep.; Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 48; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 21, 5; Cic. Brut. 11, 10, 3; Nep. Phoc. 3, 3; Verg. A. 8, 423; Petr. 39; Inscr. Orell. 4394; 4471; 4814; cf. Serv. ad Verg. A. l. l.), adv., to this place, hither, = deuro.

Lit.: imus huc, illuc hinc: cum illuc ventum est, ire illinc lubet, etc., Enn. ap. Gell. 19, 10, 12 (Trag. v. 258 Vahl.):

huc illinc venire,

Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 39:

jam huc adveniet miles,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 2, 44:

pater huc me misit ad vos oratum meus,

id. Am. prol. 20:

quin huc ad vos venire propero?

Cic. Rep. 6, 15:

hinc profecti huc revertuntur,

id. ib. 6, 13 fin.:

huc raro in urbem commeat,

Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 100:

te huc foras seduxi,

Plaut. Aul. 2, 1, 14:

huc est intro latus lectus,

Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 30:

huc huc convenite,

Petr. 23:

huc mecum, Epidauria proles, huc, alti gaudens,

Stat. S. 1, 4, 62:

locus erat castrorum editus, huc magno cursu contenderunt,

Caes. B. G. 3, 19, 1; cf. id. ib. 4, 21, 4:

ubi arma esse sciam, huc veniam,

Liv. 35, 19, 4:

sic inde huc omnes currunt,

Juv. 3, 308.—Pregn., with verbs expressing state or action after motion ( poet.):

huc ades, o formose puer,

Verg. E. 2, 45; 7, 9; 9, 39:

huc ager ille malus dulcesque a fontibus undae ad plenum calcentur,

id. G. 2, 243; Stat. Th. 4, 54; id. S. 1, 3, 72:

sed huc qua gratia te arcessi jussi, ausculta,

Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 19; cf.:

huc propius me vos ordine adite,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 80; Tib. 1, 7, 49.—

With gen.:

mulier ex Andro commigravit huc viciniae,

into this neighborhood, Ter. And. 1, 1, 43 Fleck., Umpfenbach (dub.; cf. Non. p. 499; Prisc. II. p. 187; Hand, Turs. III. p. 107; cf. II. B. infra).—

Huc illuc, huc atque illuc, huc et illuc, etc.; also: huc et illo and huc et huc, hither and thither:

ne cursem huc illuc via deterrima,

Cic. Att. 9, 9, 2:

velut salientes huc illuc,

Quint. 10, 7, 6:

dum huc illuc signa vertunt,

Liv. 7, 34, 9:

cum huc atque illuc signa transferrent,

id. 5, 8, 8:

huc atque illuc intuentem vagari,

Cic. de Or. 1, 40, 184:

tum huc, tum illuc volant alites,

id. Div. 1, 53, 120; cf.:

volucres huc et illuc passim vagantes,

id. ib. 2, 38, 80; Cels. 2, 15:

huc illucque,

Plin. 37, 6, 22, § 83 (Jan., ex illo):

huc illucve,

Cels. 6, 6, 36; 7, 3 al.:

ista sidera huc et illo diducet velocitas sua,

Sen. Ben. 5, 6 med.:

ut ora vertat huc et huc euntium Liberrima indignatio,

Hor. Epod. 4, 9.—

Huc usque, or in one word, hucusque, hitherto, thus far (very rare):

hucusque Sesostris exercitum duxit,

Plin. 6, 29, 34, § 174.—

Transf., in non-local relations, hither, to this, to these, to this point, so far:

ut haec multo ante meditere, huc te pares, haec cogites, ad haec te exerceas,

Cic. Fam. 1, 7, 9:

accedat huc suavitas quaedam oportet sermonis,

Cic. Lael. 18, 66; so freq., huc accedit, etc.;

v. accedo: Massilienses naves longas expediunt numero XVII. Multa huc minora navigia addunt,

add to these, Caes. B. C. 1, 56, 1; so freq., adde huc;

v. addo: legiones effecerat civium Romanorum IX., etc... Huc Dardanos, etc., adjecerat,

id. ib. 3, 4 fin.:

huc natas adice septem,

Ov. M. 6, 182:

huc pertinet nobile apud Graecos volumen Heraclidis,

Plin. 7, 52, 53, § 175 et saep.—Hence, like eo, followed by ut with subj.:

huc unius mulieris libidinem esse prolapsum, ut, etc.,

Cic. Cael. 20, 47; cf.:

rem huc deduxi, ut, etc.,

id. Cat. 2, 2, 4:

huc flexit, ut, etc.,

Tac. A. 4, 41:

rem Romanam huc satietate gloriae provectam, ut, etc.,

id. ib. 12, 11:

huc cecidisse Germanici exercitus gloriam, ut, etc.,

id. H. 3, 13.—

So, like eo, with gen.:

huc arrogantiae venerat, ut, etc.,

Tac. A. 3, 73:

huc deductum necessitatis, ut, etc.,

Val. Max. 8, 1 ext. 6; cf. above, I. B.—

Huc et illuc:

versare suam naturam et regere ad tempus atque huc et illuc torquere ac flectere,

Cic. Cael. 6, 13:

huc et illuc rapit,

id. Off. 1, 28, 101:

verses te huc atque illuc necesse est,

id. Fin. 5, 28, 86; cf.:

dum in dubio est animus, paulo momento huc vel illuc impellitur,

Ter. And. 1, 5, 31.—

Huc usque or hucusque, to such an extent, to such a point or pitch (cf. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 530 sq.):

mirum esset profecto, hucusque profectam credulitatem antiquorum,

Plin. 26, 4, 9, § 20:

exercitum duxit,

id. 6, 29, 34, § 174:

simulatio hucusque procedit ut, etc.,

Quint. 5, 13, 22.—

With the demonstr. ce, and the interrog [p. 869] part. ne, hucine? hitherto? to this? so far? hucine tandem omnia reciderunt, ut civis Romanus virgis caederetur? Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 63, § 163:

hucine. Micipsa pater, beneficia tua evasere,

Sall. J. 14, 9.—And with gen.:

hucine rerum Venimus?

Pers. 3, 15. —

To this end, for this purpose (postclass.):

rubrum quoque emplastrum, quod Ephesium vocatur, huc aptum est,

Cels. 5, 19, 21.

implĕo ( inpl-), ēvi, ētum, 2 (sync. forms:

implerunt,

Verg. E. 6, 48; id. G. 4, 461; Pers. 1, 99; Ov. M. 11, 666 al.:

impleris,

Hor. Epod. 17, 59:

implerit,

Ov. M. 6, 111:

implerint,

Cic. Agr. 2, 18, 47:

implerat,

Ov. M. 9, 280 al.:

implessem,

Verg. A. 4, 605:

implesset,

Ov. M. 9, 667:

inplesse,

Liv. 4, 41; Tib. 3, 3, 1; Tac. H. 2, 78 al.), v. a. [inpleo], to fill up, fill full, to make full, fill (freq. and class.; cf. expleo, compleo).

Lit.

In gen.

Aliquid ( aliquem) aliqua re:

is vomens frustis esculentis gremium suum et totum tribunal implevit,

Cic. Phil. 2, 25, 63:

implevitque mero pateram,

Verg. A. 1, 729:

foros flammis,

id. ib. 4, 605:

herbarum suco expresso caput impleatur,

i. e. be wet all over with, Cels. 3, 18 med.; so,

caput calido oleo,

id. 4, 2, 1 med.:

cibis vinoque venas,

Liv. 26, 14, 5: manum pinu flagranti, fills his hand with, i. e. grasps, Verg. A. 9, 72:

fusti istorum caput,

Plaut. Aul. 3, 3, 6; cf.

in the comic pun: quae (dolia) nisi erunt semper plena, ego te implebo flagris,

id. Cas. 1, 35:

tuis oraculis Chrysippus totum volumen implevit,

Cic. Div. 2, 56, 115; cf. in the foll. g:

Neptunus ventis implevit vela secundis,

filled, swelled, Verg. A. 7, 23.—

Aliquid alicujus rei (in analogy with plenus; cf.

compleo): ollam denariorum implere,

Cic. Fam. 9, 18, 4.—

With a simple acc.:

id mustum coicies in amphoram et implebis ad summum,

Col. 12, 36:

alter de ipsa justitia quatuor implevit sane grandes libros,

Cic. Rep. 3, 8; cf. id. Ac. 2, 27, 87.—

In partic.

To fill with food, to satisfy, satiate:

praeparatā nos implevimus cenā,

Petr. 16:

implentur veteris Bacchi pinguisque ferinae,

satisfy, regale themselves, Verg. A. 1, 215; so,

vis impleri, mid.,

Juv. 5, 75; cf.:

se interdiu,

Cels. 1, 2 fin. —

To fill, to make fleshy, fat, stout:

si aqua inter cutem quem implevit,

Cels. 2, 8 med.:

implet corpus modica exercitatio, etc.,

makes fat, id. 1, 3 med.:

nascentes implent conchylia lunae,

fill up, fatten, Hor. S. 2, 4, 30:

Nomentanae vites se frequenter implent,

Col. 3, 2, 14.—Hence also of women and animals, to make pregnant, impregnate:

(Peleus Thetidem) ingenti implet Achille,

Ov. M. 11, 265; 4, 698; 5, 111; 9, 280; so of animals: sues implentur uno coitu, Plin. 8, 51, 77, § 205; 9, 23, 39, § 76; Col. 7, 6, 3. —

To fill up, amount to a certain measure:

mensuraque roboris ulnas Quinque ter implebat,

Ov. M. 8, 748:

arboris crassitudo quatuor hominum ulnas complectentium implebat,

Plin. 16, 40, 76, § 202; cf. id. 18, 10, 20, § 92:

luna quater junctis implerat cornibus orbem,

Ov. M. 2, 344; 7, 530.

Trop.

Ingen., to fill, make full.

Aliquid ( aliquem) aliqua re:

impune ut urbem nomine impleris meo,

Hor. Epod. 17, 59:

urbem tumultu,

Liv. 24, 26, 12; cf.:

voce deos,

Val. Fl. 2, 167:

aliquem hortatibus,

id. 4, 81:

aliquem spe,

Just. 29, 4 fin.:

pectus falsis terroribus,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 212:

scopulos lacrimosis vocibus,

Verg. A. 11, 274:

multitudinem exspectatione vana,

Liv. 36, 29, 3; 41, 5, 2:

milites praeda,

satisfy, id. 7, 16, 3; 25, 20, 6:

omnia terrore,

id. 9, 24, 8:

anxiis curis,

id. 1, 56, 4 et saep.:

vacua causarum conviciis,

Quint. 12, 9, 8; 4, 2, 114; Tac. A. 1, 22:

rem alioqui levem sententiarum pondere,

Quint. 9, 3, 74; cf. id. 5, 13, 56; Liv. 7, 2, 7:

cum sese sociorum, cum regum sanguine implerint,

have filled, covered, Cic. Agr. 2, 18, 47:

se caedibus,

Sil. 9, 528:

te ager vitibus implet,

enriches, Juv. 9, 56.— Pass.:

omnia delubra pacem deum exposcentium virorum turba inplebantur,

were thronged, Liv. 3, 5, 14.—

Aliquid ( aliquem) alicujus rei:

celeriter adulescentem suae temeritatis implet,

Liv. 1, 46, 8:

omnia erroris mutui,

id. 4, 41, 7:

aliquem spei animorumque,

id. 7, 7, 5:

aliquem religionis,

id. 5, 28, 4:

hostes fugae et formidinis,

id. 10, 14, 20 et saep.—

With the simple acc.:

acta magni Herculis implerant terras,

Ov. M. 9, 135; 9, 667; id. F. 1, 93:

quod tectum magnus hospes impleveris,

hast filled with thy presence, thy greatness, Plin. Pan. 15, 4; id. Ep. 7, 24 fin.:

non semper implet (Demosthenes) aures meas,

does not always satisfy, Cic. Or. 29, 104:

odium novercae,

Ov. M. 9, 135: implere ceterorum rudes animos, i. q. to inflame, to poison, Tac. A. 1, 31; cf.:

urbs deinde impletur (sc. contagione morbi),

Liv. 4, 30, 8:

nondum implevere medullas maturae mala nequitiae,

Juv. 14, 215:

vestigia alicujus,

to follow after, imitate, Plin. Ep. 8, 13, 1:

ceras pusillas,

i. e. to cover with writing, Juv. 14, 30; cf.:

ceras capaces,

id. 1, 63:

tabulas,

id. 2, 58:

vices,

Claud. VI. Cons. Hon. 432.—

With the simple abl.: Minyae clamoribus implent (sc. Jasonem), fill, i. e. spur on, inflame by acclamation, Ov. M. 7, 120.—

In partic.

To fill up a portion of time or a number, to make out, complete, finish, end:

puer, qui nondum impleverat annum,

Ov. M. 9, 338:

octavum et nonagesimum annum,

Quint. 3, 1, 14; cf.:

me quater undenos sciat implevisse Decembres,

Hor. Ep. 1, 20, 27:

vitae cursum,

Plin. 7, 16, 16, § 75:

finem vitae sponte an fato,

Tac. A. 2, 42 fin.:

impleta ut essent sex milia,

Liv. 33, 14; cf.:

cohortes conscripserat ac triginta legionum instar impleverat,

Vell. 2, 20, 4:

si numerum, si tres implevero,

Juv. 9, 90.—

With the accessory notion of activity, to fulfil, discharge, execute, satisfy, content:

ne id profiteri videar, quod non possim implere,

Cic. Clu. 18, 51; cf.

promissum,

Plin. Ep. 2, 12, 6:

munia sua,

Tac. A. 3, 53:

incohatas delationes,

Dig. 48, 1, 5:

consilium,

Tac. H. 1, 16:

vera bona,

id. Agr. 44:

fata,

Liv. 1, 7, 11:

utinam quam spem ille de me concepit, partes officii,

Plin. Ep. 5, 56, 3; 10, 52, 2 (D):

impleverim!

id. ib. 1, 10, 3; Quint. 6, 1, 12:

desideria naturae,

Curt. 6, 2, 3:

exsequiarum officium,

Just. 23, 2, 8:

religionis officium,

Sulp. Sev. Chron. 2, 35, 3:

hominis officium, Lact. Op. Dei, 20, 9: officium (opp. suscipere),

id. 6, 6, 15:

mandatum,

Gai. Inst. 3, 161:

legem,

Vulg. Rom. 13, 8.—Rarely with a personal object:

implere censorem,

i. e. to discharge the office of censor, Vell. 2, 95 fin. Ruhnk.—

Rhet. t. t., to make emphatic, make prominent:

infirma, nisi majore quodam oratoris spiritu implentur,

Quint. 5, 13, 56.

implĕo ( inpl-), ēvi, ētum, 2 (sync. forms:

implerunt,

Verg. E. 6, 48; id. G. 4, 461; Pers. 1, 99; Ov. M. 11, 666 al.:

impleris,

Hor. Epod. 17, 59:

implerit,

Ov. M. 6, 111:

implerint,

Cic. Agr. 2, 18, 47:

implerat,

Ov. M. 9, 280 al.:

implessem,

Verg. A. 4, 605:

implesset,

Ov. M. 9, 667:

inplesse,

Liv. 4, 41; Tib. 3, 3, 1; Tac. H. 2, 78 al.), v. a. [inpleo], to fill up, fill full, to make full, fill (freq. and class.; cf. expleo, compleo).

Lit.

In gen.

Aliquid ( aliquem) aliqua re:

is vomens frustis esculentis gremium suum et totum tribunal implevit,

Cic. Phil. 2, 25, 63:

implevitque mero pateram,

Verg. A. 1, 729:

foros flammis,

id. ib. 4, 605:

herbarum suco expresso caput impleatur,

i. e. be wet all over with, Cels. 3, 18 med.; so,

caput calido oleo,

id. 4, 2, 1 med.:

cibis vinoque venas,

Liv. 26, 14, 5: manum pinu flagranti, fills his hand with, i. e. grasps, Verg. A. 9, 72:

fusti istorum caput,

Plaut. Aul. 3, 3, 6; cf.

in the comic pun: quae (dolia) nisi erunt semper plena, ego te implebo flagris,

id. Cas. 1, 35:

tuis oraculis Chrysippus totum volumen implevit,

Cic. Div. 2, 56, 115; cf. in the foll. g:

Neptunus ventis implevit vela secundis,

filled, swelled, Verg. A. 7, 23.—

Aliquid alicujus rei (in analogy with plenus; cf.

compleo): ollam denariorum implere,

Cic. Fam. 9, 18, 4.—

With a simple acc.:

id mustum coicies in amphoram et implebis ad summum,

Col. 12, 36:

alter de ipsa justitia quatuor implevit sane grandes libros,

Cic. Rep. 3, 8; cf. id. Ac. 2, 27, 87.—

In partic.

To fill with food, to satisfy, satiate:

praeparatā nos implevimus cenā,

Petr. 16:

implentur veteris Bacchi pinguisque ferinae,

satisfy, regale themselves, Verg. A. 1, 215; so,

vis impleri, mid.,

Juv. 5, 75; cf.:

se interdiu,

Cels. 1, 2 fin. —

To fill, to make fleshy, fat, stout:

si aqua inter cutem quem implevit,

Cels. 2, 8 med.:

implet corpus modica exercitatio, etc.,

makes fat, id. 1, 3 med.:

nascentes implent conchylia lunae,

fill up, fatten, Hor. S. 2, 4, 30:

Nomentanae vites se frequenter implent,

Col. 3, 2, 14.—Hence also of women and animals, to make pregnant, impregnate:

(Peleus Thetidem) ingenti implet Achille,

Ov. M. 11, 265; 4, 698; 5, 111; 9, 280; so of animals: sues implentur uno coitu, Plin. 8, 51, 77, § 205; 9, 23, 39, § 76; Col. 7, 6, 3. —

To fill up, amount to a certain measure:

mensuraque roboris ulnas Quinque ter implebat,

Ov. M. 8, 748:

arboris crassitudo quatuor hominum ulnas complectentium implebat,

Plin. 16, 40, 76, § 202; cf. id. 18, 10, 20, § 92:

luna quater junctis implerat cornibus orbem,

Ov. M. 2, 344; 7, 530.

Trop.

Ingen., to fill, make full.

Aliquid ( aliquem) aliqua re:

impune ut urbem nomine impleris meo,

Hor. Epod. 17, 59:

urbem tumultu,

Liv. 24, 26, 12; cf.:

voce deos,

Val. Fl. 2, 167:

aliquem hortatibus,

id. 4, 81:

aliquem spe,

Just. 29, 4 fin.:

pectus falsis terroribus,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 212:

scopulos lacrimosis vocibus,

Verg. A. 11, 274:

multitudinem exspectatione vana,

Liv. 36, 29, 3; 41, 5, 2:

milites praeda,

satisfy, id. 7, 16, 3; 25, 20, 6:

omnia terrore,

id. 9, 24, 8:

anxiis curis,

id. 1, 56, 4 et saep.:

vacua causarum conviciis,

Quint. 12, 9, 8; 4, 2, 114; Tac. A. 1, 22:

rem alioqui levem sententiarum pondere,

Quint. 9, 3, 74; cf. id. 5, 13, 56; Liv. 7, 2, 7:

cum sese sociorum, cum regum sanguine implerint,

have filled, covered, Cic. Agr. 2, 18, 47:

se caedibus,

Sil. 9, 528:

te ager vitibus implet,

enriches, Juv. 9, 56.— Pass.:

omnia delubra pacem deum exposcentium virorum turba inplebantur,

were thronged, Liv. 3, 5, 14.—

Aliquid ( aliquem) alicujus rei:

celeriter adulescentem suae temeritatis implet,

Liv. 1, 46, 8:

omnia erroris mutui,

id. 4, 41, 7:

aliquem spei animorumque,

id. 7, 7, 5:

aliquem religionis,

id. 5, 28, 4:

hostes fugae et formidinis,

id. 10, 14, 20 et saep.—

With the simple acc.:

acta magni Herculis implerant terras,

Ov. M. 9, 135; 9, 667; id. F. 1, 93:

quod tectum magnus hospes impleveris,

hast filled with thy presence, thy greatness, Plin. Pan. 15, 4; id. Ep. 7, 24 fin.:

non semper implet (Demosthenes) aures meas,

does not always satisfy, Cic. Or. 29, 104:

odium novercae,

Ov. M. 9, 135: implere ceterorum rudes animos, i. q. to inflame, to poison, Tac. A. 1, 31; cf.:

urbs deinde impletur (sc. contagione morbi),

Liv. 4, 30, 8:

nondum implevere medullas maturae mala nequitiae,

Juv. 14, 215:

vestigia alicujus,

to follow after, imitate, Plin. Ep. 8, 13, 1:

ceras pusillas,

i. e. to cover with writing, Juv. 14, 30; cf.:

ceras capaces,

id. 1, 63:

tabulas,

id. 2, 58:

vices,

Claud. VI. Cons. Hon. 432.—

With the simple abl.: Minyae clamoribus implent (sc. Jasonem), fill, i. e. spur on, inflame by acclamation, Ov. M. 7, 120.—

In partic.

To fill up a portion of time or a number, to make out, complete, finish, end:

puer, qui nondum impleverat annum,

Ov. M. 9, 338:

octavum et nonagesimum annum,

Quint. 3, 1, 14; cf.:

me quater undenos sciat implevisse Decembres,

Hor. Ep. 1, 20, 27:

vitae cursum,

Plin. 7, 16, 16, § 75:

finem vitae sponte an fato,

Tac. A. 2, 42 fin.:

impleta ut essent sex milia,

Liv. 33, 14; cf.:

cohortes conscripserat ac triginta legionum instar impleverat,

Vell. 2, 20, 4:

si numerum, si tres implevero,

Juv. 9, 90.—

With the accessory notion of activity, to fulfil, discharge, execute, satisfy, content:

ne id profiteri videar, quod non possim implere,

Cic. Clu. 18, 51; cf.

promissum,

Plin. Ep. 2, 12, 6:

munia sua,

Tac. A. 3, 53:

incohatas delationes,

Dig. 48, 1, 5:

consilium,

Tac. H. 1, 16:

vera bona,

id. Agr. 44:

fata,

Liv. 1, 7, 11:

utinam quam spem ille de me concepit, partes officii,

Plin. Ep. 5, 56, 3; 10, 52, 2 (D):

impleverim!

id. ib. 1, 10, 3; Quint. 6, 1, 12:

desideria naturae,

Curt. 6, 2, 3:

exsequiarum officium,

Just. 23, 2, 8:

religionis officium,

Sulp. Sev. Chron. 2, 35, 3:

hominis officium, Lact. Op. Dei, 20, 9: officium (opp. suscipere),

id. 6, 6, 15:

mandatum,

Gai. Inst. 3, 161:

legem,

Vulg. Rom. 13, 8.—Rarely with a personal object:

implere censorem,

i. e. to discharge the office of censor, Vell. 2, 95 fin. Ruhnk.—

Rhet. t. t., to make emphatic, make prominent:

infirma, nisi majore quodam oratoris spiritu implentur,

Quint. 5, 13, 56.

lēgo, āvi, ātum (archaic perf. legassit for legaverit, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Cic. Inv. 2, 50, 148), 1, v. a. [lex; and therefore qs. lege creare], a publicist's and jurid. t. t.

A publicist's t. t.

To send with a commission or charge, to send on an embassy, send as ambassador; to depute, despatch:

ne hoc quidem senatui relinquebas, ut legati ex ejus ordinis auctoritate legarentur,

Cic. Vatin. 15, 35:

hominem honestum ac nobilem legarunt ad Apronium,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 48, § 114: eos privatae rei causa legari, id. Fam. 3, 8, 4:

juste pieque legatus venio,

Liv. 1, 32:

tres adulescentes in Africam legantur, qui reges adeant, etc.,

Sall. J. 21, 4:

quos Athenienses Romam ad senatum legaverant impetratum, etc.,

Gell. 7, 14, 8.—

Transf. to the commission itself (ante- and post-class.):

quae verba legaverint Rhodii ad hostium ducem,

what they told him through their deputies, Gell. 15, 31 in lemm. —

Beyond the official sphere:

quin potius, quod legatum est tibi negotium, Id curas?

committed, intrusted, Plaut. Cas. 1, 12.—

To appoint or choose as deputy (as the official assistant, lieutenant, of a general or governor):

eum (Messium) Caesari legarat Appius,

Cic. Att. 4, 15, 9:

ego me a Pompeio legari ita sum passus, ut, etc.,

id. ib. 4, 2, 6:

istum legatum iri non arbitror,

id. ib. 10, 1, 4:

ne legaretur Gabinius Pompeio expetenti,

id. de Imp. Pomp. 19, 57:

Dolabella me sibi legavit,

chose me for his lieutenant, id. Att. 15, 11, 4:

Calpurnius parato exercitu legat sibi homines nobiles, etc.,

Sall. J. 28.—

A jurid. t. t.: aliquid, to appoint by a last will or testament, to leave or bequeath as a legacy (class.):

Numitori, qui stirpis maximus erat, regnum vetustum Silviae gentis legat,

Liv. 1, 3: legavit quidam uxori mundum omne penumque, Lucil. ap. Gell. 4, 1, 3:

usumfructum omnium bonorum Caesenniae legat,

Cic. Caecin. 4, 11:

Fabiae pecunia legata est a viro,

id. Top. 3, 14:

cui argentum omne legatum est,

Quint. 5, 10, 62:

in argento legato,

id. 7, 2, 11.—

Aliquid alicui ab aliquo, to leave one a legacy to be paid by the principal heir:

uxori testamento legat grandem pecuniam a filio, si qui natus esset: ab secundo herede nihil legat,

Cic. Clu. 12, 33:

si paterfamilias uxori ancillarum usum fructum legavit a filio, neque a secundo herede legavit,

id. Top. 4, 21; Quint. 7, 9, 5.—Hence,

lēgātus, i, m.

(Acc. to lego, I. A.) An ambassador, legate, Cic. Vatin. 15, 35:

legatos mittere,

id. de Imp. Pomp. 12, 35:

ad senatum legatos de aliqua re mittere,

id. de Or. 2, 37, 155; cf.:

missi magnis de rebus uterque Legati,

Hor. S. 1, 5, 29:

legatos mittere ad indicendum bellum,

Liv. 31, 8; Ov. M. 14, 527.—

(Acc. to lego, I. B.).

An official assistant given to a general or the governor of a province, a deputy, lieutenant, lieutenant-general:

quos legatos tute tibi legasti?

Cic. Pis. 14, 33:

qui M. Aemilio legati fuerunt,

id. Clu. 36, 99:

Quintus frater meus legatus est Caesaris,

id. Fam. 1, 9, 21; id. Off. 3, 20, 79; cf.:

Murena summo imperatori legatus L. Lucullo fuit, qua in legatione duxit exercitum, etc.,

id. Mur. 9, 20; 14, 32:

neque se ei legatum defuturum,

id. Phil. 11, 7, 17; Val. Max. 5, 5, 1:

hiberna cum legato praefectoque tradidisses,

Cic. Pis. 35, 86:

(Calvisius) duos legatos Uticae reliquerat,

id. Phil. 3, 10 fin.:

quaestorius,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 21, § 56; Caes. B. G. 2, 5 fin.:

L. Caesar, cujus pater Caesaris erat legatus,

id. B. C. 1, 8, 2:

magnitudo et splendor legati,

Liv. 38, 58, 9:

in magna legatum quaere popina,

Juv. 8, 172.—

Under the emperors, a governor sent to a province by the emperor, Tac. A. 12, 40; id. Agr. 33; Suet. Vesp. 4; Spart. Hadr. 3 et saep.; cf. legatio, I. B. 2., and Orell. ad Tac. Agr. 9.—

Legati legionum, commanders, Suet. Tib. 19; id. Vesp. 4; cf.:

Caesar singulis legionibus singulos legatos et quaestorem praefecit,

Caes. B. G. 1, 52; Tac. A. 2, 36; id. H. 1, 7.—Also called;

legatus praetorius,

Tac. Agr. 7.—

lēgātum, i, n. (acc. to lego, II.), a bequest, legacy:

legatum est delibatio hereditatis, qua testator ex eo, quod universum heredis foret, alicui quid collatum velit,

Dig. 30, 116:

Hortensii legata cognovi,

Cic. Att. 7, 3, 9:

reliqua legata varie dedit,

Suet. Aug. 101; id. Tib. 48:

legatum peto ex testamento,

Quint. 4, 2, 6:

jus capiendi legata alicui adimere,

Suet. Dom. 8:

cymbala pulsantis legatum amici,

Juv. 9, 62:

legatorum genera sunt quattuor,

Gai. Inst. 2, 192; cf. sqq.

lĕgo, lēgi, lectum ( gen. plur. part. legentum, Ov. Tr. 1. 7, 25), 3, v. a. [Gr. legô, logos, logas, etc.; Lat. legumen, di-leg-ens, neg-leg-o, etc.; cf. Germ. lesen], to bring together, to gather, collect.

Lit.

In gen.:

oleam,

Cato, R. R. 144:

nuces,

Cic. de Or. 2, 66, 265:

herbas collibus,

Ov. M. 14, 347: flores et humi nascentia fraga, [p. 1048] Verg. E. 3, 92; cf.:

roscida mala,

id. ib. 8, 38:

flores in calathos,

Ov. F. 5, 218:

spolia caesorum,

Liv. 5, 39:

quos (montanos asparagos),

Juv. 11, 69.—Of the dead who have been burned:

ossa,

Ov. H. 10, 150:

homini mortuo ossa,

Cic. Leg. 2, 24, 60: ossa filii, Sen. de Ira, 2, 33, 6; cf. Quint. 8, 5, 21; Lact. de Mort. Persec. 21, 11:

reliquias legerunt primores equestris ordinis,

Suet. Aug. 100. —

Esp.

To take out, pick out, extract, remove:

quibusdam et radi ossa et legi... quae sine totius pernicie corporis haerere non poterant,

Sen. Prov. 1, 3, 2:

ossa vivis,

id. ad Marc. 22, 3:

ossa in capite lecta,

id. Ben. 5, 24, 3:

ossa e vulneribus,

Quint. 6, 1, 30.—

To pluck, strip, gather fruit from (a tree, etc.):

oleam qui legerit,

Cato, R. R. 144, 1:

ficus non erat apta legi,

Ov. F. 2, 254.—

Poet.: legere fila, to wind up:

extrema Lauso Parcae fila legunt,

i. e. spin the last thread of life, Verg. A. 10, 815; cf.:

quae dedit ingrato fila legenda viro,

Ov. F. 3, 462:

stamen,

Prop. 4 (5), 4, 40 (42).—

Naut. t. t.: vela legere, to draw together, furl:

omnis navita ponto umida vela legit,

Verg. G. 1, 373:

vela legunt socii,

id. A. 3, 532:

ipse dabit tenera vela, legetque manu,

Ov. H. 15, 215; Val. Fl. 2, 13:

prora funem legit Argus ab alta,

draws in, takes in, id. 1, 312:

ancoras classis legit,

is weighing anchor, Sen. Troad. 759.—

To take to one's self unjustly, to carry off, steal, purloin, plunder, abstract (not in Cic.): omnia viscatis manibus leget, omnia sumet: crede mihi, auferet omnia, Lucil. ap. Non. 332 and 396, 4:

majus esse maleficium stuprare ingenuam quam sacrum legere,

Auct. Her. 2, 30 fin.:

sacra divum,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 117:

soceros legere et gremiis abducere pactas,

Verg. A. 10, 79 Serv. ad loc. (but Forbig. renders legere here as = eligere, sumere; cf. 8. infra).—

Of places, to go, pass, or wander through ( poet.):

nec me studiosius altera saltus Legit,

Ov. M. 5, 579:

pars cetera pontum Pone legit,

sails through, Verg. A. 2, 207:

vada dura lego,

id. ib. 3, 706:

freta,

id. ib. 3, 127:

aequora Afra,

Ov. F. 4, 289:

Ioniumque rapax Icariumque legit,

id. ib. 4, 566: vestigia alicujus, to follow one's footsteps, to track or pursue him:

subsequitur pressoque legit vestigia gressu,

id. M. 3, 17; cf.:

et vestigia retro Observata legit,

Verg. A. 9, 392:

tortos orbes,

to wander through, id. ib. 12, 481.—

To pass or sail by, to skirt, to coast along a shore, land, or place (mostly poet.):

Inarimen Prochytenque legit,

Ov. M. 14, 89; 15, 705; 709: primi litoris oram, coast along, i. e. not enter into details, Verg. G. 2, 44; id. E. 8, 7:

navibus oram Italiae,

Liv. 21, 51 fin.:

oram Campaniae,

Suet. Tib. 11; cf.

terram,

id. Aug. 16. —

Pregn., to choose from a number, to pick out, single out, select, elect (class.):

alia esse oportet forma quem tu pugno legeris,

pick out to fight with, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 160:

judices,

Cic. Phil. 5, 6, 16:

omnia, quae leget quaeque reiciet,

id. Fin. 4, 15, 40:

scribam,

to elect, appoint, id. Clu. 45, 126:

condiciones nubendi,

id. Cael. 15:

cives in patres,

Liv. 23, 22:

viros ad bella,

Ov. M. 7, 669:

geminasque legit de classe biremes,

Verg. A. 8, 79: legit virum vir, each one singles out his man (of the combatants in a battle), id. ib. 11, 632:

senatum ad modum pristinum redegit duabus lectionibus: prima ipsorum arbitratu, quo vir virum legit,

Suet. Aug. 35; Tac. H. 1, 18: neque ejus legendam filiam (sc. virginem Vestalem) qui domicilium in Italia non haberet, At. Cap. ap. Gell. 1, 12, 8.—

With inf.:

fidissima custos Lecta sacrum justae veneri occultare pudorem,

Stat. Th. 1, 530.

Trop.

To catch up, i. e. overhear a conversation:

nunc huc concedam, ut horum sermonem legam,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 4, 21 (cf. sublegere, id. Mil. 4, 2. 98).—

To catch with the eye, to view, observe, behold, survey, see.

In gen.:

tumulum capit, unde omnes longo ordine posset Adversos legere,

Verg. A. 6, 755 Heyne ad loc.; and cf. Verg. A. 6, 34.—

In partic., to read or peruse a writing:

ut eos libros per te ipse legeres,

Cic. Top. 1:

defensionem causae,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 43, § 112:

legi apud Clitomachum, A. Albium jocantem dixisse, etc.,

id. Ac. 2, 45, 137:

aliquid studiose intenteque,

Plin. Ep. 9, 13, 1:

significas legisse te in quadam epistula mea, jussisse Verginium, etc.,

id. ib. 9, 19, 1: philosophorum consultorumque opiniones, Quint. 12, 11, 17:

liber tuus et lectus est et legitur a me diligenter,

Cic. Fam. 6, 5, 1:

orationem,

Quint. 1, 1, 6:

aiunt multum legendum esse non multa,

Plin. Ep. 7, 9, 15.—With a pers. obj.:

antiquos et novos,

Quint. 2, 5, 23:

antiquos studiosius,

id. 3, 6, 62:

poëtas,

id. 1, 4, 4. —In pass.:

Horatius fere solus legi dignus,

Quint. 10, 1, 96:

si cum judicio legatur Cassius Severus,

id. 10, 1, 116:

dumque legar, mecum pariter tua fama legetur,

Ov. Tr. 5, 14, 5:

sepulcra legens,

when reading epitaphs, Cic. de Sen. 7, 21:

legentium plerisque,

Liv. 1 praef. §

4: opus nescio an minimae legentibus futurum voluptati,

to my readers, Quint. 3, 1, 2; cf. id. 9, 4, 2; 2, 5, 3:

nec Cynicos nec Stoica dogmata,

Juv. 13, 121.— Absol.:

legendi usus,

Lact. 3, 25, 9:

memoriam continuus legendi usus instruit,

Macr. S. 1, 5, 1.—

In partic.

To read out, read aloud, recite (esp. freq. in post-Aug. authors):

convocatis auditoribus volumen legere, etc.,

Cic. Brut. 51, 191: codicem pro contione, id. Fragm. ap. Quint. 4, 4, 8:

audio me male legere, dumtaxat versus, orationes enim commodius,

Plin. Ep. 9, 34:

obturem impune legentibus aures,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 105:

quem vero arripuit tenet occiditque legendo,

with recitation, id. A. P. 475:

quis dabit historico quantum daret acta legenti,

to read him the news, Juv. 7, 104.—

To find in an author or a writing:

ut scriptum legimus,

Cic. Deiot. 7, 19:

legi etiam scriptum, esse avem quandam, etc.,

id. N. D. 2. 49 init.:

ego vero haec scripta legi,

id. Planc. 39, 94:

praeterea scriptum legimus, Gallos in venatibus tinguere sagittas,

Gell. 17, 15, 7. relatum legere, Nep. praef. 1.— Pass.:

in aliis codicibus non peccato sed peccatis legitur,

Aug. Cont. Jul. Rel. 1, 22; id. Don. Persev. 6 init. al.—

A publicist's t. t.: legere senatum, to read over or call off the names of senators (which was done by the censors;

v. lectio, II. A. 2.): censores fideli concordia senatum legerunt,

Liv. 40, 51; 9, 29; 9, 30; 9, 46; 43, 15 al.—Hence, lĕgens, entis, Part. as subst. m., a reader ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose for lector), Ov. Tr. 1, 7, 25.— Plur., Liv. praef. 4; Quint. 3, 1, 2; Plin. 8, 16, 17, § 44; Tac. A. 4, 33.—Also, lectus, a, um, P. a., chosen, picked out, selected; choice, excellent (class.): argenti lectae numeratae minae, good, i. e. of full weight, Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 50; so,

argentum,

Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 3:

ut neque vir melior neque lectior femina in terris sit,

Cic. Inv. 1, 31, 52:

lectissimi viri atque ornatissimi,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 6, § 15; cf. id. Div. in Caecil. 9, 29:

uxor lectissima,

id. Inv. 1, 31, 52:

(verbis) lectis atque illustribus uti,

id. de Or. 3, 37, 150:

nihil est aliud... pulcre et oratorie dicere nisi optimis sententiis verbisque lectissimis dicere,

id. Or. 68, 227:

juvenum lectissime,

Stat. S. 5, 1, 247; cf.:

viginti lectis equitum comitatus,

Verg. A. 9, 48.—Hence, adv.: lectē, choicely, selectly (very rare):

ab lego lecte ac lectissime,

Varr. L. L. 6, § 36 Müll.— Comp.:

lectius,

Varr. R. R. 1, 54, 2 (al. lecta).

lēgo, āvi, ātum (archaic perf. legassit for legaverit, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Cic. Inv. 2, 50, 148), 1, v. a. [lex; and therefore qs. lege creare], a publicist's and jurid. t. t.

A publicist's t. t.

To send with a commission or charge, to send on an embassy, send as ambassador; to depute, despatch:

ne hoc quidem senatui relinquebas, ut legati ex ejus ordinis auctoritate legarentur,

Cic. Vatin. 15, 35:

hominem honestum ac nobilem legarunt ad Apronium,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 48, § 114: eos privatae rei causa legari, id. Fam. 3, 8, 4:

juste pieque legatus venio,

Liv. 1, 32:

tres adulescentes in Africam legantur, qui reges adeant, etc.,

Sall. J. 21, 4:

quos Athenienses Romam ad senatum legaverant impetratum, etc.,

Gell. 7, 14, 8.—

Transf. to the commission itself (ante- and post-class.):

quae verba legaverint Rhodii ad hostium ducem,

what they told him through their deputies, Gell. 15, 31 in lemm. —

Beyond the official sphere:

quin potius, quod legatum est tibi negotium, Id curas?

committed, intrusted, Plaut. Cas. 1, 12.—

To appoint or choose as deputy (as the official assistant, lieutenant, of a general or governor):

eum (Messium) Caesari legarat Appius,

Cic. Att. 4, 15, 9:

ego me a Pompeio legari ita sum passus, ut, etc.,

id. ib. 4, 2, 6:

istum legatum iri non arbitror,

id. ib. 10, 1, 4:

ne legaretur Gabinius Pompeio expetenti,

id. de Imp. Pomp. 19, 57:

Dolabella me sibi legavit,

chose me for his lieutenant, id. Att. 15, 11, 4:

Calpurnius parato exercitu legat sibi homines nobiles, etc.,

Sall. J. 28.—

A jurid. t. t.: aliquid, to appoint by a last will or testament, to leave or bequeath as a legacy (class.):

Numitori, qui stirpis maximus erat, regnum vetustum Silviae gentis legat,

Liv. 1, 3: legavit quidam uxori mundum omne penumque, Lucil. ap. Gell. 4, 1, 3:

usumfructum omnium bonorum Caesenniae legat,

Cic. Caecin. 4, 11:

Fabiae pecunia legata est a viro,

id. Top. 3, 14:

cui argentum omne legatum est,

Quint. 5, 10, 62:

in argento legato,

id. 7, 2, 11.—

Aliquid alicui ab aliquo, to leave one a legacy to be paid by the principal heir:

uxori testamento legat grandem pecuniam a filio, si qui natus esset: ab secundo herede nihil legat,

Cic. Clu. 12, 33:

si paterfamilias uxori ancillarum usum fructum legavit a filio, neque a secundo herede legavit,

id. Top. 4, 21; Quint. 7, 9, 5.—Hence,

lēgātus, i, m.

(Acc. to lego, I. A.) An ambassador, legate, Cic. Vatin. 15, 35:

legatos mittere,

id. de Imp. Pomp. 12, 35:

ad senatum legatos de aliqua re mittere,

id. de Or. 2, 37, 155; cf.:

missi magnis de rebus uterque Legati,

Hor. S. 1, 5, 29:

legatos mittere ad indicendum bellum,

Liv. 31, 8; Ov. M. 14, 527.—

(Acc. to lego, I. B.).

An official assistant given to a general or the governor of a province, a deputy, lieutenant, lieutenant-general:

quos legatos tute tibi legasti?

Cic. Pis. 14, 33:

qui M. Aemilio legati fuerunt,

id. Clu. 36, 99:

Quintus frater meus legatus est Caesaris,

id. Fam. 1, 9, 21; id. Off. 3, 20, 79; cf.:

Murena summo imperatori legatus L. Lucullo fuit, qua in legatione duxit exercitum, etc.,

id. Mur. 9, 20; 14, 32:

neque se ei legatum defuturum,

id. Phil. 11, 7, 17; Val. Max. 5, 5, 1:

hiberna cum legato praefectoque tradidisses,

Cic. Pis. 35, 86:

(Calvisius) duos legatos Uticae reliquerat,

id. Phil. 3, 10 fin.:

quaestorius,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 21, § 56; Caes. B. G. 2, 5 fin.:

L. Caesar, cujus pater Caesaris erat legatus,

id. B. C. 1, 8, 2:

magnitudo et splendor legati,

Liv. 38, 58, 9:

in magna legatum quaere popina,

Juv. 8, 172.—

Under the emperors, a governor sent to a province by the emperor, Tac. A. 12, 40; id. Agr. 33; Suet. Vesp. 4; Spart. Hadr. 3 et saep.; cf. legatio, I. B. 2., and Orell. ad Tac. Agr. 9.—

Legati legionum, commanders, Suet. Tib. 19; id. Vesp. 4; cf.:

Caesar singulis legionibus singulos legatos et quaestorem praefecit,

Caes. B. G. 1, 52; Tac. A. 2, 36; id. H. 1, 7.—Also called;

legatus praetorius,

Tac. Agr. 7.—

lēgātum, i, n. (acc. to lego, II.), a bequest, legacy:

legatum est delibatio hereditatis, qua testator ex eo, quod universum heredis foret, alicui quid collatum velit,

Dig. 30, 116:

Hortensii legata cognovi,

Cic. Att. 7, 3, 9:

reliqua legata varie dedit,

Suet. Aug. 101; id. Tib. 48:

legatum peto ex testamento,

Quint. 4, 2, 6:

jus capiendi legata alicui adimere,

Suet. Dom. 8:

cymbala pulsantis legatum amici,

Juv. 9, 62:

legatorum genera sunt quattuor,

Gai. Inst. 2, 192; cf. sqq.

lĕgo, lēgi, lectum ( gen. plur. part. legentum, Ov. Tr. 1. 7, 25), 3, v. a. [Gr. legô, logos, logas, etc.; Lat. legumen, di-leg-ens, neg-leg-o, etc.; cf. Germ. lesen], to bring together, to gather, collect.

Lit.

In gen.:

oleam,

Cato, R. R. 144:

nuces,

Cic. de Or. 2, 66, 265:

herbas collibus,

Ov. M. 14, 347: flores et humi nascentia fraga, [p. 1048] Verg. E. 3, 92; cf.:

roscida mala,

id. ib. 8, 38:

flores in calathos,

Ov. F. 5, 218:

spolia caesorum,

Liv. 5, 39:

quos (montanos asparagos),

Juv. 11, 69.—Of the dead who have been burned:

ossa,

Ov. H. 10, 150:

homini mortuo ossa,

Cic. Leg. 2, 24, 60: ossa filii, Sen. de Ira, 2, 33, 6; cf. Quint. 8, 5, 21; Lact. de Mort. Persec. 21, 11:

reliquias legerunt primores equestris ordinis,

Suet. Aug. 100. —

Esp.

To take out, pick out, extract, remove:

quibusdam et radi ossa et legi... quae sine totius pernicie corporis haerere non poterant,

Sen. Prov. 1, 3, 2:

ossa vivis,

id. ad Marc. 22, 3:

ossa in capite lecta,

id. Ben. 5, 24, 3:

ossa e vulneribus,

Quint. 6, 1, 30.—

To pluck, strip, gather fruit from (a tree, etc.):

oleam qui legerit,

Cato, R. R. 144, 1:

ficus non erat apta legi,

Ov. F. 2, 254.—

Poet.: legere fila, to wind up:

extrema Lauso Parcae fila legunt,

i. e. spin the last thread of life, Verg. A. 10, 815; cf.:

quae dedit ingrato fila legenda viro,

Ov. F. 3, 462:

stamen,

Prop. 4 (5), 4, 40 (42).—

Naut. t. t.: vela legere, to draw together, furl:

omnis navita ponto umida vela legit,

Verg. G. 1, 373:

vela legunt socii,

id. A. 3, 532:

ipse dabit tenera vela, legetque manu,

Ov. H. 15, 215; Val. Fl. 2, 13:

prora funem legit Argus ab alta,

draws in, takes in, id. 1, 312:

ancoras classis legit,

is weighing anchor, Sen. Troad. 759.—

To take to one's self unjustly, to carry off, steal, purloin, plunder, abstract (not in Cic.): omnia viscatis manibus leget, omnia sumet: crede mihi, auferet omnia, Lucil. ap. Non. 332 and 396, 4:

majus esse maleficium stuprare ingenuam quam sacrum legere,

Auct. Her. 2, 30 fin.:

sacra divum,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 117:

soceros legere et gremiis abducere pactas,

Verg. A. 10, 79 Serv. ad loc. (but Forbig. renders legere here as = eligere, sumere; cf. 8. infra).—

Of places, to go, pass, or wander through ( poet.):

nec me studiosius altera saltus Legit,

Ov. M. 5, 579:

pars cetera pontum Pone legit,

sails through, Verg. A. 2, 207:

vada dura lego,

id. ib. 3, 706:

freta,

id. ib. 3, 127:

aequora Afra,

Ov. F. 4, 289:

Ioniumque rapax Icariumque legit,

id. ib. 4, 566: vestigia alicujus, to follow one's footsteps, to track or pursue him:

subsequitur pressoque legit vestigia gressu,

id. M. 3, 17; cf.:

et vestigia retro Observata legit,

Verg. A. 9, 392:

tortos orbes,

to wander through, id. ib. 12, 481.—

To pass or sail by, to skirt, to coast along a shore, land, or place (mostly poet.):

Inarimen Prochytenque legit,

Ov. M. 14, 89; 15, 705; 709: primi litoris oram, coast along, i. e. not enter into details, Verg. G. 2, 44; id. E. 8, 7:

navibus oram Italiae,

Liv. 21, 51 fin.:

oram Campaniae,

Suet. Tib. 11; cf.

terram,

id. Aug. 16. —

Pregn., to choose from a number, to pick out, single out, select, elect (class.):

alia esse oportet forma quem tu pugno legeris,

pick out to fight with, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 160:

judices,

Cic. Phil. 5, 6, 16:

omnia, quae leget quaeque reiciet,

id. Fin. 4, 15, 40:

scribam,

to elect, appoint, id. Clu. 45, 126:

condiciones nubendi,

id. Cael. 15:

cives in patres,

Liv. 23, 22:

viros ad bella,

Ov. M. 7, 669:

geminasque legit de classe biremes,

Verg. A. 8, 79: legit virum vir, each one singles out his man (of the combatants in a battle), id. ib. 11, 632:

senatum ad modum pristinum redegit duabus lectionibus: prima ipsorum arbitratu, quo vir virum legit,

Suet. Aug. 35; Tac. H. 1, 18: neque ejus legendam filiam (sc. virginem Vestalem) qui domicilium in Italia non haberet, At. Cap. ap. Gell. 1, 12, 8.—

With inf.:

fidissima custos Lecta sacrum justae veneri occultare pudorem,

Stat. Th. 1, 530.

Trop.

To catch up, i. e. overhear a conversation:

nunc huc concedam, ut horum sermonem legam,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 4, 21 (cf. sublegere, id. Mil. 4, 2. 98).—

To catch with the eye, to view, observe, behold, survey, see.

In gen.:

tumulum capit, unde omnes longo ordine posset Adversos legere,

Verg. A. 6, 755 Heyne ad loc.; and cf. Verg. A. 6, 34.—

In partic., to read or peruse a writing:

ut eos libros per te ipse legeres,

Cic. Top. 1:

defensionem causae,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 43, § 112:

legi apud Clitomachum, A. Albium jocantem dixisse, etc.,

id. Ac. 2, 45, 137:

aliquid studiose intenteque,

Plin. Ep. 9, 13, 1:

significas legisse te in quadam epistula mea, jussisse Verginium, etc.,

id. ib. 9, 19, 1: philosophorum consultorumque opiniones, Quint. 12, 11, 17:

liber tuus et lectus est et legitur a me diligenter,

Cic. Fam. 6, 5, 1:

orationem,

Quint. 1, 1, 6:

aiunt multum legendum esse non multa,

Plin. Ep. 7, 9, 15.—With a pers. obj.:

antiquos et novos,

Quint. 2, 5, 23:

antiquos studiosius,

id. 3, 6, 62:

poëtas,

id. 1, 4, 4. —In pass.:

Horatius fere solus legi dignus,

Quint. 10, 1, 96:

si cum judicio legatur Cassius Severus,

id. 10, 1, 116:

dumque legar, mecum pariter tua fama legetur,

Ov. Tr. 5, 14, 5:

sepulcra legens,

when reading epitaphs, Cic. de Sen. 7, 21:

legentium plerisque,

Liv. 1 praef. §

4: opus nescio an minimae legentibus futurum voluptati,

to my readers, Quint. 3, 1, 2; cf. id. 9, 4, 2; 2, 5, 3:

nec Cynicos nec Stoica dogmata,

Juv. 13, 121.— Absol.:

legendi usus,

Lact. 3, 25, 9:

memoriam continuus legendi usus instruit,

Macr. S. 1, 5, 1.—

In partic.

To read out, read aloud, recite (esp. freq. in post-Aug. authors):

convocatis auditoribus volumen legere, etc.,

Cic. Brut. 51, 191: codicem pro contione, id. Fragm. ap. Quint. 4, 4, 8:

audio me male legere, dumtaxat versus, orationes enim commodius,

Plin. Ep. 9, 34:

obturem impune legentibus aures,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 105:

quem vero arripuit tenet occiditque legendo,

with recitation, id. A. P. 475:

quis dabit historico quantum daret acta legenti,

to read him the news, Juv. 7, 104.—

To find in an author or a writing:

ut scriptum legimus,

Cic. Deiot. 7, 19:

legi etiam scriptum, esse avem quandam, etc.,

id. N. D. 2. 49 init.:

ego vero haec scripta legi,

id. Planc. 39, 94:

praeterea scriptum legimus, Gallos in venatibus tinguere sagittas,

Gell. 17, 15, 7. relatum legere, Nep. praef. 1.— Pass.:

in aliis codicibus non peccato sed peccatis legitur,

Aug. Cont. Jul. Rel. 1, 22; id. Don. Persev. 6 init. al.—

A publicist's t. t.: legere senatum, to read over or call off the names of senators (which was done by the censors;

v. lectio, II. A. 2.): censores fideli concordia senatum legerunt,

Liv. 40, 51; 9, 29; 9, 30; 9, 46; 43, 15 al.—Hence, lĕgens, entis, Part. as subst. m., a reader ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose for lector), Ov. Tr. 1, 7, 25.— Plur., Liv. praef. 4; Quint. 3, 1, 2; Plin. 8, 16, 17, § 44; Tac. A. 4, 33.—Also, lectus, a, um, P. a., chosen, picked out, selected; choice, excellent (class.): argenti lectae numeratae minae, good, i. e. of full weight, Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 50; so,

argentum,

Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 3:

ut neque vir melior neque lectior femina in terris sit,

Cic. Inv. 1, 31, 52:

lectissimi viri atque ornatissimi,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 6, § 15; cf. id. Div. in Caecil. 9, 29:

uxor lectissima,

id. Inv. 1, 31, 52:

(verbis) lectis atque illustribus uti,

id. de Or. 3, 37, 150:

nihil est aliud... pulcre et oratorie dicere nisi optimis sententiis verbisque lectissimis dicere,

id. Or. 68, 227:

juvenum lectissime,

Stat. S. 5, 1, 247; cf.:

viginti lectis equitum comitatus,

Verg. A. 9, 48.—Hence, adv.: lectē, choicely, selectly (very rare):

ab lego lecte ac lectissime,

Varr. L. L. 6, § 36 Müll.— Comp.:

lectius,

Varr. R. R. 1, 54, 2 (al. lecta).

prīvātim, adv. [id.].

In gen., apart from State affairs, for one's self, as an individual, in private, privately, in a private capacity (opp. publice;

class.): eloquentiā et privatim et publice homines perverse abutuntur,

Cic. Inv. 1, 4, 5:

aut privatim gerere aliquid malunt, aut capessunt rem publicam,

id. Fin. 5, 20, 57:

privatim mandare rem alicui,

id. Rosc. Am. 39, 114:

in peregrino quaeritur, privatimne an publice venerit,

id. Off. 1, 41, 149: nec societatem tibi quippiam debere nec privatim [p. 1447] Quintium debuisse, id. Quint. 4, 15:

privatim degeneres, in publicum exitiosi,

Tac. A. 11, 17:

privatim et publice rapere vasa caelata,

Sall. C. 11, 6:

publice privatimque gratiam petere,

Caes. B. G. 5, 53:

fidem sanctam habuit tam privatim, quam publice,

towards individuals, Gell. 20, 1, 39;

opp. publicitus,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 80:

qui privatim plus possint quam ipsi magistratus,

Caes. B. G. 1, 17:

nulla me ipsum privatim pepulit insignis injuria,

Cic. Fam. 4, 13, 2; Liv. 5, 30:

Fabius infestus privatim Papirio erat,

personally, id. 9, 38.—

In partic.

Apart, separately, especially, particularly (post-Aug.):

de iis privatim condidit volumen Amometus,

Plin. 6, 17, 20, § 55:

oleum cicinum privatim dicitur purgare praecordia,

id. 23, 4, 41, § 83:

appellatione privatim sibi assignatā,

Quint. 8, 2, 5.—

At home:

nec privatim se tenuit, in foro inambulavit,

Liv. 23, 7, 10.

prŏoemĭum, ii, n., = prooimion.

An introduction, preface, proem (class.; syn.: exordium, principium): quod principium Latine vel exordium dicitur, majore quădam ratione Graeci videntur prooimion nominasse:

quia a nostris initium modo significatur, illi satis clare partem hanc esse ante ingressum rei, de quă dicendum sit, ostendunt..certe prooemium est, quod apud judicem, priusquam causam cognoverit, prosit,

Quint. 4, 1, 1; cf. id. 4, 1, 53; 2, 13, 1; 3, 9, 1;

3, 11, 28 et saep.: citharoedi prooemium,

prelude, Cic. de Or. 2, 80, 325:

longo et alte petito prooemio respondere,

id. Clu. 21, 58 ' volumen prooemiorum..prooemio abuti prooemium exarare, desecare, agglutinare, id. Att. 16, 6, 4:

legis prooemium,

id. Leg. 2, 7, 16.—

Transf., in gen., a beginning ( poet.): rixae, Juv 3, 288.

scăteo, ēre (ante-class. also scatit, Lucr. 5, 40; 6, 891; and scatĕre, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 28, 69, or Trag. v. 196 Vahl.; Lucr. 5, 598; 5, 952; 6, 896; perf. and sup. wanting), v. n. [etym. dub.; cf. Lith. skas-, leap], to bubble, gush, well, spring, or flow forth ( poet.; not before the Aug. period in prose).

Lit.: fontes scatere, Enn. l. l.; cf.:

fons dulcis aquaï qui scatit et salsas circum se dimovet undas,

Lucr. 6, 891 sq.; and (with erumpere) id. 5, 952; 5, 598.—

Transf., = abundo.

To be plentiful; to swarm, abound:

cuniculi scatent in Hispaniă,

Plin. 8, 58, 83, § 226; cf. Lucr. 6, 896.—

With abl. (once also with gen. and with an acc. of respect), to gush forth with, i.e. to be full of; to swarm or abound with, to be rich in or crowded with any thing, etc.

Lit. ( a) With abl.:

vino scatet,

Plaut. Aul. 3, 6, 22:

arx (Corinthi) scatens fontibus,

Liv. 45, 28:

scatentem Beluis pontum,

Hor. C. 3, 27, 26; cf.:

Nilus scatet piscibus,

Mel. 1, 9, 3; so,

tota ferme Hispania metallis,

Plin. 3, 3, 4, [p. 1640] §

30: Terracina silvis nucum,

id. 16, 32, 59, § 138:

scatere vermibus,

Vulg. Exod. 16, 20: gentes tigri ferā. Plin. 6, 20, 23, § 73.—

With gen.:

terra ferarum scatit,

Lucr. 5, 40; cf. id. 6, 891 supra.—

Trop.:

qualibus ostentis Aristandri volumen sca-tet,

Plin. 17, 25, 38, § 243; cf.:

sic videas quosdam scatere verbis, ut, etc.,

Gell. 1, 15, 2; 17, 8, 4:

(urtica) vel plurimis scatet remediis,

Plin. 22, 13, 15, § 31.—With acc. respect:

amas pol, misera: id tuos scatet animus,

Plaut. Pers. 2, 1, 9.

sē-păro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [2. paro], to disjoin, sever, part, divide, separate (class. and freq., esp. in the trop. sense; cf.: divido, dirimo, disjungo, secludo).

Lit.

With ab:

senatoria subsellia a populari consessu,

Cic. Corn. Fragm. 12, p. 449 Orell.:

separat Aonios Oetaeis Phocis ab arvis,

Ov. M. 1, 313:

Asiam ab Europā,

Plin. 4, 12, 26, § 87:

separandos a cetero exercitu ratus,

Curt. 7, 2, 35.—

With abl. ( poet.):

Seston Abydenā separat urbe fretum,

Ov. Tr. 1, 10, 28:

separat (spatium) aethere terram,

Luc. 4, 75; 9, 524;

natura nos ceteris separatos animalibus sola homines fatetur,

Diom. 275 P.—

With simple acc., Cic. Agr. 2, 32, 87; cf.:

nec nos mare separat ingens,

Ov. M. 3, 448:

in ipsis Europam Asiamque separantis freti angustiis,

Plin. 9, 15, 20, § 50;

equitum magno numero ex omni populi summā separato,

Cic. Rep. 2, 22, 39:

Thessalorum omnis equitatus separatus erat,

separated, divided, Liv. 42, 55 fin., Dig. 34, 2, 19, § 2.— Pass.:

ut corpora gentis illius separata sint in alias civitates, ingenia vera solis Atheniensium muris clausa existimes,

Vell. 1, 18, 1.—

Trop., to treat or consider separately; to distinguish, except.

With ab:

multi Graeci a perpetuis suis historiis ea bella separaverunt,

Cic. Fam. 5, 12, 2:

cogitatione magis a virtute potest quam re separari,

id. Off. 1, 27, 95, suum consilium ab reliquis separare, Caes. B. G. 7, 63 fin.:

ob separata ab se consilia,

Liv. 23, 20, 4:

nihil est, quod se ab Aetolis separent,

id. 38, 43, 12:

orato rem, quem a bono viro non separo,

Quint. 2, 21, 12;

saepe a figuris ea (vitia) separare difficile est,

id. 1, 5, 5.—

With simple acc.:

separemus officium dantis testes et refellentis,

Quint. 5, 7, 9:

miscenda sit an separanda narratio,

id. 4, 2, 101; cf. id. 12, 2, 13; cf.:

virtus ipsa, separatā utilitate,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 15, 34: oratio ac vis forensis, ut idem separetur Cato, ita universa erupit sub Tullio, ut, etc., i. e. if Cato again be excepted (shortly before:

praeter Catonem),

Vell. 1, 17, 3.—Hence, sēpărātus, a, um, P. a., separated, separate, distinct, particular, different.

With ab:

quaestiones separatae a complexu rerum,

Quint. 5, 8, 6. —

With abl.:

(animalia) separata alienis,

Vell. 1, 16, 2.—

Absol.:

ista aliud quoddam separatum volumen exspectant,

Cic. Att. 14, 17, 6; so id. Verr. 2, 1, 17, § 45 Zumpt N cr.:

neutrum vitiosum separatum est, sed compositione peccatur,

Quint. 1, 5, 35:

quid separata, quid conjuncta (verba) exigant,

id. 8, 3, 15:

eorum nullum ipsum per se separatum probo,

Cic. Rep. 1, 35, 54 Mos. N. cr.:

privati ac separati agr: apud eos nihil est,

Caes. B. G. 4, 1; cf.:

separatae singulis sedes et sua cuique mensa,

Tac. G. 22:

separati epulis, discreti cubilibus,

id. H. 5, 5:

(exordium) separatum, quod non ex ipsā causā ductum est, nec,

Cic. Inv. 1, 18, 26: tu (Bacchus) separatis uvidus in jugis (i. e. remotis), distant, remote, Hor C. 2, 19, 18.— Comp.:

intellectus,

Tert. Anim. 18 fin.—Sup. does not occur. —Hence, * adv.: sēpărātē, separately, apart:

separatius adjungi,

Cic. Inv. 2, 51, 156.

signum, i, n. [perh. Sanscr. sag-, to cling to, adhere; cf. sigilla].

In gen., a mark, token, sign, indication (very frequent in all styles and periods; cf.

insigne): meo patri torulus inerit aureus Sub petaso: id signum Amphitruoni non erit,

Plaut. Am. prol. 145 sq.:

ut eam (nutricem) adducam et signa ostendam haec, i. e. crepundia,

Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 38; 5, 3, 5:

ut fures earum rerum, quas ceperunt, signa commutant, etc.,

Cic. Fin. 5, 25, 74; so (with notae) id. de Or. 2, 41, 174; id. Lael. 17, 62; cf.:

omne probabile aut signum est aut credibile... Signum est, quod sub sensum aliquem cadit et quiddam significat, quod ex ipso profectum videtur, etc.,

id. Inv. 1, 30, 47 sq.:

aut pecori signum aut numeros inpressit acervis,

Verg. G. 1, 263; cf.:

servitii signum cervice gerens,

Ov. M. 3, 16:

jaculo mihi vulnera fecit.—Signa vides: apparet adhuc vetus ecce cicatrix,

Ov. M. 12, 444:

metam Constituit signum nautis pater, unde reverti Scirent, etc.,

Verg. A. 5, 130:

scutum signi gratia positum,

Quint. 6, 3, 38:

signa pedum,

tracks, prints, Ov. M. 4, 543;

and simply signa,

Verg. A. 8, 212 al.:

oculis mihi signum dedit, Ne se appellarem,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 1, 45:

dare,

Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 11:

dicere deos gallis signum dedisse cantandi,

Cic. Div. 2, 26, 57 al.:

signa esse ad salutem,

Ter. And. 3, 2, 2:

animi pudentis signum,

id. Heaut. 1, 1, 68:

color pudoris signum,

id. And. 5, 3, 7:

signa doloris ostendere,

Cic. de Or. 2, 45, 190:

mortis dare,

Lucr. 6, 1182:

timoris mittere,

to exhibit, display, Caes. B. C. 1, 71 et saep.—With obj.-clause:

magnum hoc quoque signum est, dominam esse extra noxiam,

Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 57; Nep. Att. 17, 2.—In predic. gen. with neutr. pron.: hoc est signi;

ubi primum poterit, se illinc subducet,

Ter. Eun. 4, 1, 14:

id erit signi me invitum facere, quod, etc.,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 30, 83; Auct. Her. 4, 5, 8; Cato, R. R. 38, 4; 88, 2:

nil tamen est signi,

Lucr. 5, 918; cf.:

quid signi?

Cic. Cael. 16, 38, 2.— Hence, a surname, epithet (rare):

huic signum exercitus apposuit,

Vop. Am. 6; cf. Capitol. Gord. 4.—

In partic.

In milit. lang.

The distinctive sign of a division of an army.

A military standard, ensign, banner (including the aquila):

signifero interfecto, signo amisso,

Caes. B. G. 2, 25:

ut neque signiferi viam, nec signa milites cernerent,

Liv. 33, 7:

Hasdrubal ut procul signa legionum fulgentia vidit,

id. 28, 14; 22, 21; Col. 9, 9, 4:

inter signa militaria,

Hor. Epod. 9, 15:

cum unius signi militibus pergit ire,

Liv. 33, 1:

signa militaria ex proelio relata,

Caes. B. C. 3, 99; so,

militaria,

id. B. G. 7, 2; Plin. 33, 33, 19, § 58.—

Hence the expressions: signa sequi,

to follow the standards, to march in military order, Sall. J. 80, 2; Liv. 24, 48, 11:

signa subsequi,

to keep in order of battle, Caes. B. G. 4, 26:

signa observare,

Sall. J. 51, 1:

signa servare,

Liv. 8, 34, 10; Veg. Mil. 1, 9:

ab signis discedere,

to desert the standards, leave the ranks, Caes. B. G. 5, 16; 5, 33 fin.; id. B. C. 1, 44; Liv. 25, 20 al.; cf.:

ab ordinibus signisque discedere,

Front. Strat. 1, 5, 3:

signa relinquere,

to desert, Sall. C. 9, 4; Liv. 5, 6 al.:

signa deserere,

Liv. 8, 34, 9: signa ferre, i. e. to break up the camp, Caes. B. G. 1, 39 fin.; 1, 40; Liv. 2, 49, 3; 10, 5 al.;

for which: movere signa,

id. 1, 14, 9; 27, 2, 12; Verg. G. 3, 236; and:

tollere,

Vell. 2, 61, 2; Auct. B. Alex. 57, 1;

but: ferte signa in hostem,

attack, Liv. 9, 23, 13:

signa constituere,

to halt, Caes. B. G. 7, 47; cf.:

infestis contra hostes signis constiterunt,

id. ib. 7, 51:

signa proferre,

to advance, Liv. 4, 32, 10: signa convertere, to wheel, turn, or face about, Caes. B. G. 1, 25 fin.; 2, 26: Liv. 8, 11; 2, 14; 4, 29; for which, [p. 1698] vertere signa, id. 9, 35:

signa inferre (in aliquem),

to advance to the attack, make an assault, Caes. B. G. 1, 25 fin.; 2, 26; 7, 67; id. B. C. 2, 42; Cic. Phil. 5, 8, 23; Sall. J. 56, 5; Liv. 2, 53; 9, 27; 44, 12 al; cf.:

signa conferre cum aliquo,

to engage with, engage in close fight, Cic. Att. 7, 5, 5; id. Pis. 21, 49;

and cf.: collatis signis pugnare, superare aliquem, etc.,

Plaut. Cas. 2, 5, 44; Liv. 1, 33; 2, 50; Cic. Imp. Pomp. 23, 66; but conferre signa also means simply to bring the standards together (to one place), Caes. B. G. 7, 2; 2, 25; Liv. 37, 21:

signa in laevum cornu confert,

concentrates his troops, id. 7, 15, 4:

signa transferre,

to desert, Caes. B. C. 1, 24: signa convellere, to take up the standards, which had been fixed in the ground, Liv. 3, 7, 3; 3, 54, 10; 5, 37, 4; so,

vellere signa,

id. 3, 50, 11; Verg. G. 4, 108:

revellere signa,

Luc. 7, 77; cf.:

signa figere,

to encamp, Amm. 27, 10, 9:

defigere signa,

Sil. 8, 625:

sub signis ducere legiones, ire, esse, etc.,

together, in order, in rank and file, Plaut. Ps. 2, 4, 71 (with ordine); Cic. Att. 16, 8, 2; Liv. 3, 51; Tac. H. 2, 14:

signa hostium turbare,

to throw into disorder, Liv. 9, 73:

ante signa,

before the army, id. 5, 18; 6, 7; 7, 16:

post signa,

id. 2, 49.—

Transf., in gen.:

infestis prope signis inferuntur Galli in Fonteium,

Cic. Font. 20, 44 (16, 34).—

Esp., the standard or ensign of single cohorts and maniples (opp. aquila, the standard of the entire legion):

cum fasces, cum tubas, cum signa militaria, cum aquilam illam argenteam... scirem esse praemissam,

Cic. Cat. 2, 6, 13; Galb. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 30, 5; Suet. Calig. 14 fin. Oud.; Tac. A. 1, 18; id. H. 2, 29 fin.; Plin. 13, 3, 4, § 23; Luc. 1, 6; 1, 224 al. (cf. aquila, 2.):

manipulos exercitus minimas manus quae unum sequuntur signum,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 88 Müll.—

Meton., a cohort, a maniple:

octo cohortes in fronte constituit, reliquarum signa in subsidio artius collocat,

Sall. C. 59, 2; Liv. 8, 9; 25, 23 fin.; 33, 1; 27, 14; 28, 14; Auct. B. Hisp. 18, 3.—

A sign, signal; a watchword, password, given by a wind-instrument, by the tessera, or otherwise:

signum tubā dare,

Caes. B. G. 2, 20; 7, 81:

proelii committendi dare,

id. ib. 2, 21:

recipiendi dare,

id. ib. 7, 52:

receptui dare,

Liv. 4, 31; 26, 45; 3, 22; cf. Cic. Rep. 1, 2, 3:

signum dare ut, etc.,

Liv. 2, 20; 4, 39:

proelii exposcere,

Caes. B. G. 7, 19:

concinere,

id. B. C. 3, 92 fin.; Liv. 30, 5; cf. Tac. A. 1, 68:

canere,

Sall. C. 59, 1; id. J. 99, 1; Liv. 1, 1; 4, 31; 27, 47; Cic. Rep. 1, 3, 3 al. (v. cano).—For the chariot race:

signum mittendis quadrigis dare,

Liv. 8, 40, 3: signum mittere, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 48, 107: signo Felicitatis dato, the word, watchword, Felicitas, Auct. B. Afr. 83:

signum petere,

Suet. Calig. 56; id. Claud. 42; id. Ner. 9; cf.:

it bello tessera signum,

Verg. A. 7, 637.— Transf.:

tu illam (virtutem) jubes signum petere,

i. e. to be in subjection, Sen. Ben. 4, 2, 2.—

A sign or token of any thing to come; a prognostic, symptom (cf.:

portentum, indicium): ipse et equus ejus repente concidit: nec eam rem habuit religioni, objecto signo, ut peritis videbatur, ne committeret proelium,

Cic. Div. 1, 35, 77:

medici signa quaedam habent ex venis et ex spiritu aegroti,

id. ib. 2, 70, 145; cf. Verg. G. 3, 440; 3, 503; 4, 253; Cels. 2, 3:

prospera signa dare,

Ov. H. 18 (19), 152.—

An image, as a work of art; a figure, statue, picture, etc. (syn.: effigies, imago, simulacrum);

inerant (classi) signa expressa, Titani quomodo, etc.,

Naev. 2, 13: statuas deorum, exempla earum facierum, s gna domi pro supellectile statuere, Cato ap. Prisc. p. 782 P.:

signum pictum in pariete,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 2, 44:

signum in fano,

id. Rud. 2, 7, 2:

aëna signa,

Lucr. 1, 318:

ante signum Jovis Statoris concidit,

Cic. Div. 1, 35, 77:

signum aeneum, marmoreum, eburneum,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 1, § 1; cf. id. Off. 1, 41, 147; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 248:

cratera impressum signis,

Verg. A. 5, 536; 5, 267; 9, 263:

(vestis) auro signisque ingentibus apta,

Lucr. 5, 1428:

ex ornatis aedibus per aulaea et signa,

Sall. H. 2, 23, 2 Dietsch:

pallam signis auroque rigentem,

Verg. A. 1, 648:

e Pario formatum marmore signum,

Ov. M. 3, 419; cf. id. ib. 5, 183;

12, 398: statuas, signa, picturas commendet,

Plin. Ep. 1, 20, 5.—

An image or device on a seal-ring; a seal, signet: ostendi tabellas Lentulo, et quaesivi, cognosceretne signum. Annuit. Est vero, inquam, notum signum, imago avi tui, etc., Cic. Cat. 3, 5, 10:

(patera) in cistulā obsignata signo est,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 265; cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 45, § 117:

tabulae maximae signis hominum nobilium consignantur,

id. Quint. 6, 25:

imprimat his signa tabellis,

Hor. S. 2, 6, 38:

litterae integris signis praetoribus traduntur,

Cic. Cat. 3, 3, 6; Sall. C. 47, 3:

signo laeso non insanire lagenae,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 134:

volumen sub signo habere,

to have under seal, Cic. Att. 9, 10, 4; cf.:

sub signo claustrisque rei publicae positum vectigal,

id. Agr. 1, 7, 21:

nec pacta conventaque inpressis signis custodirentur,

Sen. Ben. 3, 15, 1:

cum sol duodena peregit signa,

Ov. M. 13, 618.—

A sign in the heavens, a constellation (cf. sidus):

caeli subter labentia signa,

Lucr. 1, 2:

loca caelio Omnia, dispositis signis ornata,

id. 5, 695:

signorum ortus et obitus,

Cic. Inv. 1, 34, 59:

signis omnibus ad idem principium stellisque revocatis,

id. Rep. 6, 22, 24:

in signo leonis,

id. Div. 1, 53, 121:

signorum obitus speculari et ortus,

Verg. G. 1, 257; id. A. 7, 138:

signum pluviale Capellae,

Ov. F. 5, 113:

ponemusque suos ad vaga signa dies,

id. ib. 1, 310:

nox caelo diffundere signa parabat,

Hor. S. 1, 5, 10; cf. id. C. 2, 8, 11.—

Miraculous works (eccl. Lat.), Vulg. Dan. 3, 99; id. Matt. 24, 24; id. Joan. 2, 11 et saep.

volvo, volvi, vŏlūtum, 3 ( inf. pass. volvier, Lucr. 5, 714), v. a. [Sanscr. varas, circumference; Gr. eluô, to wrap; root Wel-], to roll, turn about, turn round, tumble any thing.

Lit.

In gen.:

(amnis) volvit sub undis Grandia saxa,

Lucr. 1, 288; Verg. A. 11, 529; Ov. Ib. 173:

flumen lapides volvens,

Hor. C. 3, 29, 38:

beluas cum fluctibus (procellae),

Plin. 9, 3, 2, § 5:

vortices (flumen),

Hor. C. 2, 9, 22:

fumum caligine (ventus),

Lucr. 6, 691:

oculos huc illuc,

Verg. A. 4, 363:

oculos per singula,

id. ib. 8, 618:

filum,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 114 Müll. volvendi sunt libri, to unroll, i. e. open, Cic. Brut. 87, 298:

Tyrrhena carmina retro,

Lucr. 6, 381 (hence, volumen, in the signif. of roll, book, volume, v. h. v. I.):

semineces volvit multos,

rolls in the dust, fells to the ground, Verg. A. 12, 329 et saep.—

In partic.

To roll up or together, form by rolling:

pilas,

Plin. 30, 11, 30, § 99; cf.:

qui terga dederant, conversi in hostem volventesque orbem, etc.,

forming a circle, Liv. 22, 29, 5:

jam orbem volventes suos increpans,

id. 4, 28, 3.—

To breathe, exhale, etc. ( poet.):

vitalis aëris auras Volvere in ore,

Lucr. 6, 1225:

(equus) Collectumque fremens volvit sub naribus ignem,

Verg. G. 3, 85.—

Mid., to turn or roll itself round about, to turn or roll along:

nobis caenum teterrima quom sit Spurcities, eadem subus haec jucunda videtur, Insatiabiliter toti ut volvantur ibidem,

Lucr. 6, 978:

ille (anguis) inter vestes et levia pectora lapsus Volvitur,

Verg. A. 7, 349:

cylindrum volvi et versari turbinem putant,

Cic. Fat. 18, 42:

illi qui volvuntur stellarum cursus sempiterni,

id. Rep. 6, 17, 17:

excussus curru moribundus volvitur arvis,

rolls, Verg. A. 10, 590:

volvi humi,

id. ib. 11, 640:

volvitur Euryalus leto,

id. ib. 9, 433:

lacrimae volvuntur inanes,

roll, flow, id. ib. 4, 449.— Part.:

volventia plaustra,

Verg. G. 1, 163.—

Trop., to roll, roll along, roll off or onwards, etc.

In gen.:

volvere curarum tristes in pectore fluctus,

Lucr. 6, 34:

magnos fluctus irarum,

id. 6, 74:

ingentes iras in pectore,

Liv. 35, 18, 6:

tot volvere casus Insignem pietate virum,

i. e. to undergo so many misfortunes, Verg. A. 1, 9; cf.:

satis diu saxum hoc volvo,

Ter. Eun. 5, 9 (8), 55:

(lunam) celerem pronos Volvere menses,

in rolling on, Hor. C. 4, 6, 40; cf.:

volvendis mensibus,

Verg. A. 1, 269:

has omnis (animas) ubi mille rotam volvere per annos,

i. e. completed the cycle, id. ib. 6, 748; and neutr.:

volventibus annis,

with revolving years, after the lapse of years, id. ib. 1, 234; cf.:

volventia lustra,

Lucr. 5, 928:

volvens annus,

Ov. M. 5, 565:

sic fata deum rex Sortitur volvitque vices,

fixes the series of revolving events, Verg. A. 3, 376; cf.:

sic volvere Parcas,

id. ib. 1, 22:

M. Pontidius celeriter sane verba volvens,

rolling off, Cic. Brut. 70, 246:

sententias facile verbis,

id. ib. 81, 280 longissima est complexio verborum, quae volvi uno spiritu potest, id. de Or. 3, 47, 182:

ne verba traic amus aperte, quo melius aut cadat aut volvatur oratio,

be rounded, form periods, id. Or. 69, 229.—

In partic., to turn over or revolve in the mind; to ponder, meditate, or reflect upon, consider (cf. verso):

multa cum animo suo volvebat,

Sall. J. 6, 2; 108, 3:

multa secum,

id. C. 32, 1; id. J. 113, 1; Liv. 26, 7, 3:

immensa omnia animo,

id. 2, 49, 5; Tac. H. 1, 30; Suet. Vesp. 5:

bellum in animo,

Liv. 42, 5, 1:

in pectore,

id. 35, 18, 6:

has inanium rerum inanes ipsas volventes cogitationes,

id. 6, 28, 7; 34, 60, 2; 32, 20, 2; Curt. 10, 5, 15:

incerta consilia,

id. 10, 8, 7; 5, 9, 3:

bellum adversus nos,

Tac. A. 3, 38:

Fauni sub pectore sortem,

Verg. A. 7, 254: haec illis volventibus tandem vicit fortuna [p. 2014] reipublicae, Sall. C. 41, 3:

subinde hoc in animo volve,

Sen. Ep. 13, 13:

secretas cogitationes intra se,

Curt. 10, 8, 9:

adeo ut plerumque intra me ipsum volvam,

Tac. A. 14, 53:

regna tecum volvis,

Val. Max. 7, 2, ext. 1:

mente aliquid,

Lact. Epit. 60, 13.