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1 αὐτουργέω
A to be an αὐτουργός, work with one's own hand, Hierocl. p.63A., Luc.DMar.6.1; of the Creator, to be his own workman, Procl.Theol.Plat.5.17, cf. 18; act directly, Gal.18(1).780; esp.farm one's own land, PTeb.302.29 (i A. D.):—[voice] Pass., (ii A. D.).II c. acc., execute, fulfil of oneself,τὰ ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς Arist.Mu. 398a5
;τὴν μαντηΐην Luc.Syr.D.36
;τὴν ἐπιβουλήν Philostr.
VS1.21.4.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > αὐτουργέω
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2 γῆ
γῆ, ἡ, occasionally in Hom., freq. in Hes., and the only form in [dialect] Att. Prose for γαῖα: dualA : pl. rare, , ([place name] Zelea), etc., AP9.430 (Crin.): gen.γεῶν Hdt.4.198
, GDI5755.14 ([place name] Mylasa); (ii B. C.): acc. γέας [Democr.] 299, SIG46.3 (Halic.),γᾶς PTeb.6.31
(ii B. C.), Str. 2.5.26; Cypr.ζᾶς Inscr.Cypr.135.30
H.: dat. pl. γέαις prob. in CIG 2693f9 ([place name] Mylasa), LW415.9 (ibid.):— earth (including land and sea, Sapph.Supp.5.2) opp. heaven, or land opp. sea,Γῆ τε καὶ Ἠέλιος καὶ Ἐρινύες Il.19.259
, cf. 3.104; τίς γῆ; Od.13.233;γῆς περίοδοι Hdt.4.36
, Arist.Mete. 362b12, title of work by Hecat.: personified, Il. l.c., A.Th.69, Pers. 629, etc.; κατὰ γῆν on land, by land, opp. ναυσί, Th. 1.18; opp. ἐκ θαλάσσης, Id.2.81;κατὰ γῆν στέλλεσθαι X.An.5.6.5
, etc.; ἐπὶ γῆς on earth, opp. νέρθε, S.OT 416; κατὰ γῆς below the earth, A.Ch. 377, 475, etc.; ; ;γᾶς ὑπένερθε Pi.Fr. 292
: gen. with local Adverbs, ; ποῦ, ποῖ, ὅποι γ., S.OT 108, Ph. 1211, El. 922;ὅπου γ. Ar.Av. 9
.2 earth, as an element, Xenoph.27, Anaxag.4, Pl.Prt. 320d, Lg. 889b, Arist.Metaph. 989a5, Cael. 306a18, etc.b γῆν καὶ ὕδωρ αἰτεῖν, as tokens of submission, Hdt.5.18, Lycurg.71;γῆν καὶ ὕδωρ διδόναι Hdt.5.18
, al.II land, country,καὶ γῆν καὶ πόλιν A.Eu. 993
; γῆν πρὸ γῆς ἐλαύνεσθαι, διώκειν, from land to land, Id.Pr. 682, Ar. Ach. 235; ; one's native land, Tyrt.12.33, Thgn.1213, A.Supp. 890 (lyr.), S.OC 441, E.Ph. 1090; freq. omitted with art., ἐκ τῆς ἐμαυτοῦ (sc. γῆς) , etc.2 freq. in Trag., city, .III the earth or ground as tilled,ἄροτον γῆς S.OT 270
; γᾶ φθίνουσα ib. 665, etc.; τὴν γῆν ἐργάζεσθαι, θεραπεύειν, till the ground, Pl.R. 420e, X.Oec.5.12;τὰ ἐκ τῆς γῆς φυόμενα Id.Mem.4.3.10
.IV of particular kinds of earth or minerals, e.g. fuller's earth. Thphr.Char.10.14, cf. Gal.12.168;Κιμωλία γ. Ar.Ra. 712
, cf. Hp.Mul.2.189. -
3 κτῆσις
A acquisition (opp. ἀπόλαυσις, Arist.Rh. 1410a6),κ. τινὸς ποιεῖσθαι Th.1.8
, 13;ἡ φιλοσοφία κ. ἐπιστήμης Pl. Euthd. 288d
;ῥᾳδίαν ἔχει < τὴν> κτῆσιν Alcid.Soph.5
; κατ' ἔργου κτῆσιν according to success in the work, S.Tr. 230.II (from [tense] pf.) possession, λέχους, πλούτου, etc., ib. 162, El. 960, etc.;κ. ἔχειν τῶν μετάλλων ἐργασίας Th.4.105
;ἡ τῶν χρημάτων κ. Pl.R. 331b
; διὰ τὴν τῶν υἱέων κ. on account of your having sons, Id.Ap. 20b; ;φέροντας.. ἀγαθοῦ κτῆσιν οὐδενός D.18.308
; κ. ἐκ δεσπότου καὶ δούλου [συνέστηκεν] Arist.Pol. 1277a8; holding, opp. χρῆσις ('using'), Id.EN 1098b32; ownership, opp. χρῆσις ('usufruct'), POxy. 237 viii 35, al.;τὰς κτήσεις βεβαίας εἶμεν IG42(1).76.25
(Epid., ii B.C.).2 as collective, = κτήματα, possessions, property,διὰ κτῆσιν δατέοντο Il.5.158
;κ. ὄπασσεν Od.14.62
;πατρῴα κ. S.El. 1290
;μετρίης κτήσιος ἐπιμέλεσθαι Democr.285
;ἡ ἰδία κ. POxy. 237 viii 32
(i A.D.): in pl., Hdt.4.114, etc.;ἀρετῆς βέβαιαι.. αἱ κ. μόναι S.Fr. 194
; esp. lands, farms, D.H.8.19, D.S.14.29, etc.: also in sg., farm, estate, PFlor. 155.6 (iii A.D.). -
4 ἐκδίδωμι
Aἐκδιδοῖ Hdt.1.80
,al.:—give up, esp.somethingseized and detained unlawfully,Ἑλένην καὶ κτήμαθ' ἅμ' αὐτῇ Il.3.459
, cf. Hdt.1.3: generally, surrender, esp. of giving up refugees, ib.74, 158 sq.;τινὰ τοῖς ἐχθροῖς S.Ph. 1386
, cf. OT 1040, etc.;ἐ. τινὰ τοῖς κατηγόροις D.21.30
, cf. 29.38; ἐ. δοῦλον give up a slave to be examined by torture, Antipho 6.27, D.29.14;αὐτὸν ἐξέδωκεν μαστιγῶσαι Εὐριπίδῃ Arist.Pol. 1311b32
;αὑτὸν ἐς τιμωρίαν τοῖς δικασταῖς Polyaen.6.7.1
; surrender a city,Ἀμφίπολιν D.19.253
, cf. 257:—[voice] Med., θυμὸν ἐκδόσθαι πρὸς ἥβαν give up one's heart to jollity, Pi.P.4.295.2 give out of one's house,a ἐ. θυγατέρα give one's daughter in marriage,τινί Hdt.1.196
, E.IA 132 (anap.), cf. Thphr.Char.22.4; θυγατέρας παρὰ σφῶν αὐτῶν ἐκδόντες having provided for their marriage at their own expense, D.27.69;Ἄλκηστιν ἐ. πρὸς γάμον D.S.4.53
; freq. also without any acc., give in marriage,ἐ. εἰς οὒς ἂν ἐθέλωσι Pl.R. 613d
, cf. 362b, Th.8.21, etc.: metaph., of the elements,συνοικίζειν καὶ ἐ. Pl. Sph. 242d
:—less freq. in [voice] Med.,ἐκδίδοσθαι θυγατέρα Hdt.2.47
, Thphr. Char.30.19; :—[voice] Pass., Arc. ἐσδοθένσᾳ ( = ἐκδοθείσῃ) given in marriage, SIG306.7 (Tegea, iv B.C.).b give one's son for adoption, τοὺς μὲν (sc. υἱοὺς)εἰς ἑτέρας οἰκίας Plb.31.28.2
, cf. POxy.1206.6 (iv A. D.); also ἐ. τὸν παῖδα ἐπὶ τέχνην put him out as an apprentice, X.Eq.2.2, cf. BGU1021.6, etc.3 farm out, let for hire,τὴν αὐλήν Hdt.1.68
, cf. SIG1044.29 (Halic., iv/iii B. C.), etc.; ἐ. ἀνδράποδα to let out slaves for work, X. Vect.4.15;πῶλον Id.Eq.2.2
(also in [voice] Med., ἐξέδοτο [ ἀμπελῶνα]γεωργοῖς Ev.Marc.12.1
): c. inf.,χαλινὸν χαλκεῖ ἐ. σκευάσαι Pl.Prm. 127a
; ἐ. [ θύλακον]τῷ σκυτοδέψῃ ἐπιρράψαι Thphr.Char.16.6
; ὅταν ἐκδῷ θοἰμάτιον ἐκπλῦναι ib.22.8 ; ἐκδόντος μοι Δημοσθένους..στέφανον χρυσοῦν ὥστε κατασκευάσαι Test. ap. D.21.22; ὥσπερ ἀνδριάντ' ἐκδεδωκὼς κατὰ συγγραφήν like one who has contracted for the execution of a statue, D.18.122.4 give in charge to another, πολλοὺς ἐξέδωκα Προδίκῳ (with play on signf. 2) Pl.Tht. 151b; ἐκδιδοὺς νεικέων so as to be out of the way of quarrels, E.Ba. 293 (s.v.l.): c. inf.,Δὶ τοῦτ'..ἐκδώσομεν πράσσειν Pi.O.13.106
.7 put out, publish, of books, etc., chiefly in [voice] Pass.,λόγος ὁ πρότερον ἐκδοθείς Isoc.5.11
, cf.Plb.2.37.6, Str.1.2.2;τοῖς ἐκδεδομένοις λόγοις Arist. Po. 1454b18
:—in [voice] Act., Plu.Rom.8.8 of a woman, bring to the birth, App.BC1.83.9 of land, etc., return, yield, produce,μέταλλα.. μονολίθους ἐκδιδόντα πλάκας Str.5.2.5
.11 betray, Hsch.II intr., of rivers, empty themselves, disembogue, ἐς θάλασσαν, ἐς τὴν Σύρτιν, ἐς τὸν Μαίανδρον, etc., Hdt.1.80, 2.150, 7.26, etc.2 τῶν ἄλλων [ ζῴων] τὰ μὲν εἰς ὀδόντας ἐκδίδωσι..τὰ δὲ εἰς κέρατα.. run to teeth, etc., Arist.Pr. 898a22; find an outlet, εἰς κεφαλήν ib.29.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἐκδίδωμι
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5 ὑπόσχεσις
A undertaking, engagement, promise, ;τέλεσόν μοι ὑ. ἥν περ ὑπέστης Od.10.483
;τὴν ὑ. ἐκτελέσαι Hdt.5.35
; ;ἀποδιδόναι Isoc.15.75
, cf. Pl.Men. 77a; ὑ. ἀπολαβεῖν to receive the fulfilment of a promise, X.Smp.3.3; ἀπαιτεῖν τὰς ὑ. to demand their fulfilment, Arist.EN 1164a17; ὑ. ψεύσασθαι to fail in its performance, Aeschin.1.143;μεγάλας ποιεῖσθαι τὰς ὑ. Isoc.4.14
; ἡ ὑ. ἀπέβη was accomplished, Th.4.39;δύο ὑποσχέσεις, τὴν μὲν ἀναπρᾶξαι, τὴν δὲ αὐτὸς ἀποδοῦναι Id.2.95
; ἐξ ὑποσχέσεως according to engagement, CIG 2713 ([place name] Labranda), cf. 2779 ([place name] Aphrodisias), IG4.203 ([place name] Isthmus).II promise to pay,ὀκτὼ δραχμῶν PCair.Zen. 736.25
(iii B. C.), cf. POxy.91.11 (ii A. D.); contract to execute work, farm land, etc., ib. 1117.6 (ii A. D.), PTeb.10.7 (ii B. C.).Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ὑπόσχεσις
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6 ἐπί
ἐπί: upon, on.—I. adv., thereon, on top, thereby, besides; esp. ἔπι = ἔπεστι or ἔπεισι, οὔ τοι ἔπι δϝέος, ‘thou hast nought to fear,’ Il. 1.515, Od. 8.563. Here belong all examples of ‘tmesis,’ ἐπὶ δ' αἴγειον κνῆ τῦρόν, grated ‘on,’ Il. 11.639, 640; the appropriate case of a subst. may specify the relation of the adv., ἐπὶ κνέφας ἤλυθε γαῖαν, darkness came ‘on’—over the earth, Il. 24.351 .—κρἔ ἔδων καὶ ἐπ' ἄκρητον γάλα πίνων, ‘on top’ of the meat, ‘besides,’ Od. 9.297 ; πρὸ μέν τ' ἄλλ, αὐτὰρ ἐπ ἄλλα, some before, some ‘after,’ Il. 13.799 ; ἐπὶ σκέπας ἦν ἀνέμοιο, ‘withal,’ Od. 5.443.—II. prep., (1) w. gen., local, of position, on, at, or direction, towards, for; and sometimes temporal; freq. ἐφ' ἵππων, ἐπὶ νηῶν; ἐπ ἀγροῦ, ‘in the country,’ ‘at the farm,’ Od. 1.190 ; ἐπ' ὄγμου, ‘at the swath,’ Il. 18.557 ; σῖγῇ ἐφ' ὗμείων, ‘by yourselves,’ Il. 7.195 ; ἐπὶ παιδὸς ἕπεσθαι, ‘along with,’ Od. 1.278; direction, νήσου ἔπι Ψυρίης, make ‘for’ the island, Od. 3.171, Il. 5.700; time, ἐπ' εἰρήνης, ἐπὶ προτέρων ἀνθρώπων, ‘in the time of,’ Il. 2.797, Il. 5.637.— (2) w. dat., of place, time, purpose, condition; νέμεσθαι ἐπὶ κρήνῃ, ‘at’ the spring, Od. 13.408 ; νῆα ἐπ' ἠπείροιο ἔρυσσαν | ὑψοῦ ἐπὶ ψαμαθοῖς, high ‘upon the sand,’ Il. 1.486 ; ἐπὶ Πατρόκλῳ τέτατο ὑσμίνη, ‘over Patroclus,’ Il. 17.543; so of charge or mastery, ποιμαίνειν ἐπ' ὄεσσι, Il. 6.25; υἱὸν ἐπὶ κτεάτεσσι λιπέσθαι, ‘in charge of,’ ‘as master of,’ Il. 5.154 ; ἐπὶ ἴστορι πεῖρας ἑλέσθαι, ‘by,’ i. e. before a judge, Il. 18.501; freq. of hostile direction, ἧκε δ' ἐπ Ἀργείοισι βέλος, ‘at the Greeks,’ Il. 1.382; addition, ὄγχνη ἐπ' ὄγχνῃ, ‘pear upon pear,’ Od. 7.120, 216; of time, ἐπὶ νυκτί, ‘in the night,’ Il. 8.529 ; ἐπ' ἤματι, ‘a day long,’ Il. 19.229; ‘day by day,’ Od. 12.105 ; ἐπ' ἤματι τῷδε, ‘on this day,’ Il. 13.234; cause or purpose, γαστέρας ἐπὶ δόρπῳ κατθέμεθα, ‘for supper,’ Od. 18.44 ; ἐπ' ἀρωγῇ, Il. 23.574; ἐπὶ ῥηθέντι δικαίῳ, ‘at a just remark,’ Od. 18.414; condition or price, μισθῷ ἔπι ῥητῷ, Il. 21.445, Κ 3, Il. 9.602.— (3) w. acc., local, direction to or at (hostile), or extension, over; of purpose, for; and of time in extension, for, up to; ἕζεσθαι ἐπ' ἐρετμά, ‘take seats at the oars,’ Od. 12.171 ; ἐπὶ ἔργα τρέπεσθαι, ‘to work,’ Il. 3.422 ; ὄρνυσθαι ἐπί τινα, ‘against,’ Il. 5.590 ; ἐπ' ἐννέα κεῖτο πέλεθρα, ‘extending over,’ Od. 11.577 ; πάντας ἐπ' ἀνθρώπους ἐκέκαστο, ‘the world over,’ Il. 24.535; so ἐπὶ γαῖαν, ἐπὶ πόντον; purpose, ἀναστῆναι ἐπὶ δόρπον, Il. 12.439; time, παννύχιον εὑδεῖν καὶ ἐπ' ἠῶ καὶ μέσον ἦμαρ, Od. 7.288; so ἐπὶ χρόνον, ‘for a time;’ ἐπὶ δϝηρόν, ‘for long.’A Homeric dictionary (Greek-English) (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ομηρικό λεξικό) > ἐπί
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7 κῆπος 1
κῆπος 1.Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `garden, orchard, plantation' (Il.), `unworked piece of land' (Cypr.; cf. Kretschmer Glotta 3, 303 with R. Meister).Other forms: Dor. κᾶποςCompounds: Often as 1. member, e. g. κηπουρός \< *κηπο-Ϝορός (Att., hell.), also κηπ-ωρός (Archipp.; prob. after θυρωρός, s. on θύρα) `gardener'; κηπο-λάχανον `garden of vergetables' (pap.; type ἱππο-πόταμος, s. on ἵππος; cf. Strömberg Wortstudien 7), also κηπο-λαχαν-ία `id.' (pap.); κηπ-εργός `gardener' (Korykos; after ἔργον for - ουργός [Poll.]). Also as 2. member, e. g. περί-κηπος m. `garden around the house' (ptol. pap., D. S.; prob. after περί-χωρος); ἀγρό-κηπος (Att. inscr., Rom. Emp.), ἀγρο-κήπιον (Str.) `field worked as garden'.Derivatives: Diminutiva κηπίον (Halic. Va, Th. etc.), - πίδιον (Plu., D. L.), - πάδιον (pap.); κηπαῖος `of the garden' (Arist.; Chantraine Formation 48), κηπεύς, Dor. καπεύς `gardener' (Philyll. Com. 14, AP; Bosshardt Die Nom. auf - ευς 49), κηπίδες Νύμφαι `garden-Nymphs' (Aristainet.). Denomin. verb κηπεύω `work in the garden, cultivate' (E., Eub., Arist.) with κηπεῖαι f. pl. `gardens' (Pl. Lg. 845d), κηπεύματα pl. `garden-products, -fruits' (Ar. Av. 1100), κηπευτής = κηπεύς (Gloss.), κηπεύσιμος `grown up in a garden' (Alex. Trall.; aftr φυτεύσιμος, Arbenz Die Adj. auf - ιμος 86).Origin: LW [a loanword which is (probably) not of Pre-Greek origin] Eur. substr.Etymology: But for the ending κῆπος, κᾶπος can be identical with a westgerm. word of comparable meaning, OHG huoba, OS hōba, NHG Hufe, Hube f. `piece of land of a certain size', Dutch hoeve `farm', IE. *kāpā́; here also Alb. kopshtë `garden' (with shtë-suffix), which has a velar in anlaut. On further connections, some uncertain or wrong ( κάπετος, Lat. capiō, OHG habaro `oats') s. Bq, Pok. 529. Beekes ?? Does it point to a European substratum?Page in Frisk: 1,842Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κῆπος 1
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8 γεωργός
γεωργός, οῦ, ὁ gener. one who is occupied in agriculture or gardening① one who owns a farm, farmer (Hdt., Aristoph.+) 2 Ti 2:6 (on association of γ. w. the teacher s. AHenrichs, ZPE 1, ’67, 50–53); Js 5:7.② one who does agricultural work on a contractual basis, vine-dresser, tenant farmer (Pla., Theaet. p. 178d; Aelian, NA 7, 28; Gen 9:20) Mt 21:33ff, 38, 40f; Mk 12:1f, 7, 9; Lk 20:9f, 14, 16 (ELohmeyer, ZST 18, ’41, 243–59: wicked tenants; BIersel, ‘D. Sohn’ in den synoptischen Jesusworten2 ’64, 124–45); J 15:1 (God as γ. Herm. Wr. 9, 6; 14, 10; PGM 1:26 ἧκέ μοι ἀγαθὲ γεωργέ, Ἀγαθὸς Δαίμων). Goodsp., Probs. 111f ‘cultivator’.—B. 487. S. DELG s.v. γῆ and ἔργον. M-M.
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