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61 put
[put] v դնել. տեղավորել. put flowers into the water ծաղիկները ջրի մեջ դնել. put the baby in his chair երեխային աթոռի մեջ նստեց նել. put a letter in an envelope նամակը ծրա րի մեջ դնել. put in prison բանտ նստեցնել. put sugar/milk շաքար գցել. կաթ լցնել. put money in the bank փողը բանկ դնել. put a patch կար կատան գցել/դնել. put a signature ստո րագրություն դնել. put smb in a difficult position դժվար կացության մեջ դնել. put to bed անկողին դնել/քնեցնել. put in order կարգի բերել. put one in charge of պատասխանատու դարձնել. put smn in his place (մեկին) իր տեղը դնել. put above գերադասել. put into shape ձև տալ, ձևավորել. put on a horse ձիու վրա խաղագումար դնել. put into one’s head գլուխը մտցնել. (արտահայտել) put into words բա ռերով արտահայտել. put it badly անհաջող արտա հայտվել/ձևակերպել. put it very well շատ լավ արտահայտել. put from English into Armenian անգլերենից հայերեն թարգմա նել. put in black and white սևով սպիտակի վրա գրել/շարադրել. put (words) to music բառերին երաժշտություն հորինել. put in writing գրավոր արտահայտել. (դնել) put a tax հարկ դնել. put a veto արգելք/վետո դնել. put a bandage վիրակապ դնել. put the glass to the lips բաժակը շուրթերին մոտեցնել. put in the paper թերթում տպել. put goods on the market ապ րան քը վաճառքի դնել. put smb (up) in a hotel հյուրանոցում տեղավորել. put the matter in smb’s hands գործը մեկի ձեռքը տալ. put a question հարց տալ. put the blame on smb մեղքը մեկի վրա գցել. Stay put ! Չշարժվե՛ս. (գնահա տել) put my friend above smn իմ ընկերոջը ավելի բարձր գնահատել. put the vase at 100 $ ծաղկամանը հարյուր դոլար գնահատել. (ներկայացնել) put the arguments for and against թեր և դեմ փաստարկները ներկայացնել. put one’s side of the case իր տեսակետը ներ կայացնել. put to sea ծով դուրս գալ. put across փոխադրել, մյուս կողմն անցկացնել. put across a river գետի մյուս ափն անցկացնել. put aside մի կողմ դնել. խնայել. put money aside փողը խնայել. put the book aside գիրքը մի կողմ դնել. put away հավաքել, թաքցնել. խսկց. ուտել. He could put away four plates Նա կարող էր միանգամից չորս ափսե ուտել. put back նորից տեղը դնել. հետաձգել. put the plate back ափսեն իր տեղը դնել. put the meeting back ժողովը հետաձգել. put the clock back ժամացույցը հետ գցել. put down գրի առնել. ցած դնել. put down the lecture դասախոսությունը գրի առնել. put down the suitcase ճամպրուկը ցած դնել. put down the passengers ուղևորներին իջեցնել. put down a rebellion ապստամբությունը ճնշել. put forward առաջ քաշել. put forward a theory/proofs տեսություն/ ապացույցներ առաջ քաշել. put in գցել, մեջը դնել. put a key in a lock բանալին կողպեքի մեջ դնել. put in a telephone հեռախոս տե ղադրել. put in a remark փխբ. դիտողություն մեջ գցել. put in time ժամանակ տրամադ րել/ ծախ սել. (ներկայացնել) put in claims/application պահանջ/դիմում ներկայացնել. put in for a job աշխատանքի դիմում ներկայացնել. put off հետաձգել. put the match off խաղը հետաձգել. (հետ պահել/կանգնեցնել) put smb off the idea մտքից հետ կանգնեցնել. It put me off my food Ախորժակս փչացավ. put off the light լույսը հանգցնել. put on հագնվել, հագնել. put on ավելացնել. put on weight գիրանալ. put on airs երևակայել. put on the brakes ար գելա կել. put on the kettle թեյամանը դնել. put on a play/display ներկայացում դնել. put on a special bus հատուկ ավտոբուս տրամադրել. put smn on to a good doctor լավ բժշկի մոտ տանել. put out դուրս տանել/հանել/քշել. put out the rubbish աղբը դուրս տանել. put out the flags դրոշները կախել. put out one’s hand ձեռքը մեկ նել. put out one’s head գլուխը դուրս հանել. put out shoots ծիլեր արձակել. put out one’s arm թևը դուրս ընկնել. (հանգցնել) put out the light լույսը հանգցնել. put out a fire հրդեհը հանգցնել. put out a cigarette ծխախոտը հանգց նել. put out a rumour լուր տարածել. put together հավաքել. put the papers together թղթերն ի մի բերել/հավաքել. all put together բո լորը միասին վերցրած. put up բարձ րացնել. put up one’s hand ձեռքը բարձրացնել. put up sails առագաստները բարձրացնել. put up a picture նկար կախել. put up a wallpaper պաստառել. put up a tent վրան դնել. put up prices գները բարձրացնել. put up for sale վաճառքի դնել. put up for the night գիշերվա ապաստան տալ. put up with համակերպվել, հանդուրժել -
62 linea
f linelinea dell'autobus bus routemantenere la linea keep one's figuretelecommunications restare in linea stay on the line, not hang up* * *linea s.f.1 (segno, tratto) line: tracciare una linea, to draw a line; linea retta, curva, convergente, divergente, straight, curved, convergent, diverging line; linea punteggiata, tratteggiata, dotted line; le linee della mano, the lines of the hand; linea di confine, (tra due proprietà) boundary line, (tra due paesi) border, (fig.) borderline; linea di partenza, starting line; linea spartitraffico, traffic line; linea di giunzione, (di stoffa, lamiere ecc.) seam // avanzare in linea retta, to move forward in a straight line // procedere in linee parallele, to follow parallel lines // ( sport): linea laterale, touchline; linea mediana, half-back line; linea di fondo (campo), baseline // (geogr.): linea del cambiamento di data, International Date Line; linea di costa, coastline (o shoreline); linea delle nevi perenni, snowline; linea di displuvio, divide (o watershed); linea di spiaggia, shoreline (o beachline) // (geofisica): linea agonica, agonic line; linea isogonica, isogonic line; linea isosismica, isoseismal (o isoseismic) line // (cartografia): linea isometrica, isometric line (o isogram o isoline); linea ortodromica, orthodrome // (topografia) linea di base, baseline // distanza in linea d'aria, (distance) as the crow flies: in linea d'aria ci sono 10 km da qui allo stadio, it's 10 km from here to the stadium as the crow flies // (fis.): linea di forza, line of force; linea di flusso, streamline // linea di fede, (di strumenti) fiducial (o halving) line // (mar.): linea di galleggiamento, waterline; linea di rispetto, limit of territorial waters; linea di scandaglio, lead line; linea di rotta, heading line2 (di termometro) degree: avere qualche linea di febbre, to have a slight temperature; la febbre del paziente è scesa di qualche linea, the patient's temperature has dropped slightly3 (contorno, sagoma) line; (di abito) line, cut: non mi piace la linea di quell'automobile, I don't like the line of that car; le linee architettoniche di un edificio, the architectural lines of a building; armonia di linee, harmony of lines; una giacca di ottima linea, a well-cut jacket; un tailleur di linea classica, moderna, a classic, modern suit // descrivere a grandi linee, (fig.) to outline; ti posso esporre il programma solo a grandi linee per il momento, I can only give you a rough outline of the programme at the moment4 (personale) figure: avere una bella linea, to have a good figure; che linea!, what a figure!; perdere la linea, to lose one's figure; riacquistare la linea, to get one's figure back (o to regain one's figure); si rovina la linea mangiando troppi dolci, she is ruining her figure (o she is putting on too much weight) by eating too many sweet things5 (comportamento, strategia) line: linea di condotta, di azione, line of conduct, of action; mi atterrò alla linea del partito, I'll follow the party line; seguire una linea, to follow (o to take) a line; non so che linea tenere con lui, I don't know what line to take with him // le sue idee sono in linea con le mie, his ideas are in line with mine // in linea di principio, in principle // in linea di massima, as a rule (o generally speaking)6 (fila) line: mettersi in linea, to get in line (o in the queue) // (mil.): linea del fuoco, line of fire; linea di mira, line of sight; fuoco di linea, line-firing; linea di difesa, defence line // prima linea, firing line (o front line); fanteria di prima linea, front-line infantry troops // essere in prima linea, to be at the front line, (fig.) to be at the fore front // passare in seconda linea, to take second place; il problema è passato in seconda linea, the problem took second place // vittoria su tutta la linea, (anche fig.) victory all along the line // ( sport): linea di attacco, forward line; linea di difesa, the backs // motore a sei cilindri in linea, six cylinder in-line (o straight-six o in-line six) engine7 (serie di prodotti) line: linea di prodotti, product line; linea di prodotti di alta qualità, line of high-quality products; linea di accessori, line of accessories; una linea completa di cosmetici, a complete line of cosmetics8 (econ.) line: linea di produzione, di lavorazione, production line; linea di montaggio, assembly line; linea delle vendite, sales line; linee di spesa, expenditure lines; linea di credito credit line; linea di credito allo scoperto, open line; linea di credito stand-by, stand-by arrangement (o credit); linea reciproca di credito, (tra banche centrali) swap; linee di credito accordate, bank-lending commitments; linee di credito con emissione di titoli, backup facilities; ( Borsa) linea dei rialzi e dei ribassi, advance-decline line9 (di parentela) line: linea maschile, male line; discendente in linea diretta, direct descendant; discendere in linea diretta da, to descend in direct line from10 (di comunicazione) line: linea ferroviaria, railway line; linea della metropolitana, underground line; linea aerea, airline; linea di navigazione, (compagnia) shipping company; linea principale, secondaria, main, secondary line; la linea del tram, the tramline; la linea Roma-Milano è rimasta interrotta dalla frana, the Rome-Milan line has been blocked by the landslide; i treni ritardarono per lavori lungo la linea, the trains were delayed because of works along the track // nave di linea, liner; aeroplano di linea, airliner; volo di linea, scheduled flight // servizio di linea, regular (o scheduled) service11 (tecn.) (collegamento di impianto) line: linea elettrica, electric line; (elettr.) linea di raccordo, connecting line // (tel.): trovare la linea occupata, libera, to find the line engaged, free; prendere la linea, to get through; è caduta la linea!, the line has gone dead; prego attenda in linea, hold the line, please; la linea per Milano è guasta, the line to Milan is out of order; assistenza in linea, online assistance12 (tip.) line; (inform.) bar // (inform.): linea comune, condivisa, multipunto, party line; linea con numeri, digit row; linea superiore, top line; linea commutata, switched line.* * *['linea]sostantivo femminile1) (tratto) line (anche mat. sport)tirare o tracciare una linea to draw o rule a line; linea curva, spezzata curved, broken line; linea dell'orizzonte skyline; in linea retta in a straight line; in linea d'aria — as the crow flies
2) (di trasporti) line; (d'autobus) (bus) routelinea marittima, aerea — (compagnia) shipping line, airline; (rotta) sea, air route
3) el. (power) line, cable4) tel. line, connectionè caduta la linea — the line went dead, I was cut off, I've been disconnected
"resti in linea" — "hold the line o hold on, please"
prendere o ottenere la linea to get a connection, to get through; essere in linea con qcn. — to be on the line to sb
5) rad. telev. linepassare la linea a — to hand over to [inviato, studio]
6) (anche linea di montaggio) production line7) (silhouette) figure8) (contorno) line; (stile) line, style, look9) (gamma di prodotti) line10) (idea, punto)a grandi -e — broadly, in (broad) outline
in linea di massima — broadly (speaking), as a general rule
11) (orientamento) line, stancelinea politica — political line, policy
essere in linea — to be in line ( con with)
adottare la linea dura, morbida con qcn. — to take a tough, soft line with sb
12) mil. (fronte) lineessere in prima linea — to be in BE o on AE the front line, to be (first) in the firing line (anche fig.)
13) sport line14) (in genealogia) line15) (nei termometri)•linea d'arrivo — sport finishing line
linea d'attacco — sport mil. line of attack
linea di comunicazione — communication line, line of communication
linea di confine — borderline, boundary line
linea di fondo — sport (nel calcio) goal line; (nel tennis) baseline
linea di galleggiamento — mar. water line
linea laterale — sport sideline, by-line
linea di metà campo — sport halfway line
linea di partenza — sport starting line
linea di porta — sport goal line
linea telefonica — (tele)phone line o link
linea di tiro — mil. line of fire, firing line
••su tutta la linea — all along o right down the line
battere qcn. su tutta la linea — to beat sb. hollow
* * *linea/'linea/sostantivo f.1 (tratto) line (anche mat. sport); tirare o tracciare una linea to draw o rule a line; linea curva, spezzata curved, broken line; linea dell'orizzonte skyline; in linea retta in a straight line; in linea d'aria as the crow flies2 (di trasporti) line; (d'autobus) (bus) route; linea marittima, aerea (compagnia) shipping line, airline; (rotta) sea, air route; di linea [volo, pullman] scheduled; [ pilota] airline; aereo di linea airliner3 el. (power) line, cable4 tel. line, connection; è caduta la linea the line went dead, I was cut off, I've been disconnected; "resti in linea" "hold the line o hold on, please"; prendere o ottenere la linea to get a connection, to get through; essere in linea con qcn. to be on the line to sb.5 rad. telev. line; passare la linea a to hand over to [inviato, studio]6 (anche linea di montaggio) production line7 (silhouette) figure; riacquistare la linea to get back one's figure8 (contorno) line; (stile) line, style, look; una giacca di linea sportiva a jacket with a sport cut9 (gamma di prodotti) line10 (idea, punto) le -e essenziali del progetto the broad outline of the plan; a grandi -e broadly, in (broad) outline; in linea di massima broadly (speaking), as a general rule; in linea di principio in principle11 (orientamento) line, stance; linea d'azione course of action; linea politica political line, policy; essere in linea to be in line ( con with); adottare la linea dura, morbida con qcn. to take a tough, soft line with sb.12 mil. (fronte) line; essere in prima linea to be in BE o on AE the front line, to be (first) in the firing line (anche fig.)13 sport line; giudice di linea linesman14 (in genealogia) line; linea (di discendenza) maschile male line; in linea materna on one's mother's side15 (nei termometri) avere qualche linea di febbre to have a slight temperaturesu tutta la linea all along o right down the line; battere qcn. su tutta la linea to beat sb. hollow\linea d'arrivo sport finishing line; linea d'attacco sport mil. line of attack; linea di comunicazione communication line, line of communication; linea di condotta course of action; linea di confine borderline, boundary line; linea ferroviaria railway line; linea di fondo sport (nel calcio) goal line; (nel tennis) baseline; linea di galleggiamento mar. water line; linea laterale sport sideline, by-line; linea di metà campo sport halfway line; linea di partenza sport starting line; linea di porta sport goal line; linea telefonica (tele)phone line o link; linea di tiro mil. line of fire, firing line. -
63 Soixante-huit
, or 68the milestone year in French life and politics in the second half of the 20th century, when protests by students and workers almost brought down the French government, and led to sweeping changes in French society. The events of 68 were inspired and led by the young generation of the time, wishing to break out of the rather stuffy and conventional society of the time. They coincided with, though initially took a different form to, the 'youth revolution' in Britain and the USA; but while the UK's youth revolution was essentially social and cultural, and led by pop music and op art, France's revolution was political and cultural, a protest against the weight of the Gaullist state.The events of May 68 started on the drab concrete campus of the sprawling university of Nanterre in the northern suburbs of Paris, and quickly spread to other universities, notably the Sorbonne. Student leaders, among them DanielCohn- Bendit and Alain Krivine, called for radical change and the end of the 'bourgeois state'; students erected barricades in the Latin Quarter, and were soon joined by workers, notably from the huge Renault plant at Boulogne Billancourt in the Paris suburbs. Though political, the movement sidelined all existing political parties, including the Communists, considered by the new left-wing as being an 'obsolete' political force.Faced with turmoil on the streets and a partial collapse of French society, President de Gaulle fled to Germany on 29th May, before returning and promising new elections. But by the time the elections took place, theGrenelle agreements had been negotiated with the trade unions, the heat had died down, and many French people had become seriously alarmed by the turn of events. In the June elections, the Gaullist majority was returned to power with an increased majority.The events nevertheless marked the beginning of the end for de Gaulle. In 1969 he organised a referendum on decentralisation, promising to step down if the referendum failed. To a certain extent, de Gaulle's vision of decentralisation was not that wanted by the voters; but in addition, the referendum became seen as a plebiscite on the Gaullist system, rather than on decentralisation. The referendum proposal was rejected by 52.4% of voters, and de Gaulle stepped down.It is certain that a new France, less hide-bound, more emancipated and more free, emerged in the aftermath of 68. Whether this would have happened anyway, and whether the means justified the end, are questions about which there is still considerable debate in France to this day.Dictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > Soixante-huit
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64 process
1. n1) процесс; процедура2) юр. вызов в суд•to disrupt the Middle East peace process — срывать процесс мирного урегулирования на Ближнем Востоке
to further a process — ускорять процесс; способствовать процессу
to keep smb out of the peace process — не допускать чьего-л. участия в процессе мирного урегулирования
to put a new impetus behind the peace process — придавать новый импульс процессу мирного урегулирования
to restore the peace process — восстанавливать / возрождать процесс мирного урегулирования
to revive the peace process — возобновлять / возрождать процесс мирного урегулирования
to salvage / to save the peace process — спасать процесс мирного урегулирования
to throw one's weight behind the peace process — использовать свое влияние для поддержания процесса мирного урегулирования
- all-European processto serve a process on smb — вызывать кого-л. в суд повесткой
- automated process
- basic laws of historical process
- breakthrough in the peace process
- budget-balancing process
- budget-making process
- collapse of the peace process
- commitment to the peace process
- completion of the construction process
- complex process
- complicated process
- constitutional process
- construction process
- continuous process
- contradictory process
- damaging to the peace process
- decision-making process
- decolonization process
- deepening of integration processes
- democratization process
- demographic process
- development process
- disarmament process
- disconnection process
- due process
- economic process
- educational process
- engineering process
- evolutionary process
- foot-dragging in the peace process
- historical process
- in the process
- industrialization process
- inflationary process
- information transfer process
- integration process
- interconnected processes
- internal process
- intricate process
- irreversible process
- judicial process
- labor process
- labor-intensive process
- law-governed process
- liberation process
- long drawn-out process
- long process
- long-term process
- managerial process
- manufacturing process
- modernization process
- multiform process
- natural process
- natural-historical process
- negative process
- negotiating process
- on-going process
- on-off peace process
- overall process
- painful process
- paper-laden process
- peaceful process
- peace-making process
- political process
- positive process
- preconvention bargaining process
- process of democratization
- process of détente
- process of economic growth
- process of national liberation
- process of polarization
- process of production
- production process
- programming process
- progressive process
- rapid process
- reform process
- rehabilitation process
- renewal of the peace process
- revolutionary process
- short-circuited process
- slowing down of the reform process
- social process
- socio-economic process
- spasmodic process
- stagnant process
- stalled peace process
- teaching and educational process
- technological process
- the country had a part to play in the peace process
- the peace process goes forward
- the peace process hangs by a thread
- the peace process has been stalled
- the peace process has broken down
- the peace process is in limbo
- the peace process is in tatters
- the ups and downs of the peace process
- transitional process
- under the peace process
- unification process
- work process
- worldwide process 2. vперерабатывать, обрабатывать -
65 sale
seɪl сущ.
1) продажа;
реализация, сбыт to make a sale ≈ продавать cash sale ≈ продажа за наличные be available for sale ≈ иметься в продаже be for sale ≈ продаваться be on sale ≈ продаваться Syn: market
1., selling
2) продажа с аукциона, с торгов public sale ≈ публичные торги, аукцион to put up for sale ≈ продавать с молотка sheriff's sale ≈ распродажа имущества с молотка (как исполнение решения суда) Syn: auction
1.
3) распродажа по сниженной цене on sale ≈ продается to conduct, have, hold, run разг. a sales ≈ устраивать распродажу annual sale ≈ ежегодная распродажа bargain sale, clearance sale, closeout sale ≈ распродажа fire sale ≈ распродажа по сниженным ценам garage sale, yard sale, tag sale ≈ распродажа вещей домашнего обихода на дому jumble sale ≈ распродажа подержанных вещей на благотворительном базаре по низким ценам rummage sale ≈ распродажа подержанных вещей на благотворительном базаре по низким ценам storewide sale ≈ распродажа всех товаров, полная распродажа warehouse sale ≈ распродажа со склада white sale ≈
1) распродажа бельевого товара (постельного, столового белья)
2) распродажа холодильников, плит (и др. предметов домашнего обихода, обычно покрытых белой эмалью)
4) обыкн. мн. а) объем продаж, товарооборот б) валовой доход, валовая выручка Syn: gross receipts продажа;
сбыт - (goods) for * (товары) в продаже /поступившие в продажу/ - "For S." "продается" (ярлык, объявление и т. п.) - cash * продажа за наличный расчет - * on credit продажа в кредит - bill of * закладная;
купчая - * value продажная стоимость - is this car for *? эта машина продается? - I have made no * today сегодня я ничего не продал - there is no * for these articles эти товары не имеют сбыта - these goods have a good * эти товары хорошо идут, это ходкие товары - to find a quick /ready/ * быстро распродаваться, расходиться( о товаре) ;
пользоваться спросом - to find no * не находить покупателя;
залежаться( о товаре) - to command /to enjoy/ a large * пользоваться большим спросом торговля;
торговая сделка - no * took place during the day за день не было заключено ни одной торговой сделки - *s are up this year в этом году торговля идет лучше - the magazine is not on general * этот журнал в общую продажу не поступает продажа с аукциона, продажа с торгов (тж. an auction *) - forced /compulsory/ * принудительная продажа с торгов /с молотка/ - there will be a * of all the furniture вся мебель будет продаваться с торгов - to put up for * продавать с молотка - to knock smth. down to smb. at a * продать кому-л. что-л. с аукциона часто pl распродажа по сниженным ценам - winter *(s) зимняя распродажа (по сниженным ценам) - on * продающиеся по сниженным ценам, уцененные (о товарах) - to have a * on suits продавать уцененные костюмы - marked down *s продажа с уценкой > * work (редкое) товар, изготовленный для рынка;
работа на скорую руку > * goods (редкое) товар, изготовленный для рынка > * and /or/ return соглашение, по которому книготорговец имеет право вернуть издателю непроданные экземпляры издания add-on ~ дополнительный объем продаж add-on ~ прирост продаж advance ~ предварительная продажа advantageous ~ выгодная продажа bargain and ~ договор купли-продажи ~ (обыкн. pl) распродажа по сниженной цене в конце сезона;
bargain (или clearance) sale распродажа по сниженным ценам sale: bargain ~ распродажа sale продажа;
сбыт;
to be for( или on) sale продаваться bilateral commercial ~ коммерческая распродажа двумя сторонами bulk ~ массовая продажа bulk ~ продажа большого количества bulk ~ продажа всего товарного запаса bulk ~ продажа груза целиком cash ~ продажа за наличные closing-down ~ распродажа в связи с закрытием предприятия combination ~ перекрестная продажа complete a ~ осуществлять торговую сделку compulsory ~ принудительная продажа с торгов, продажа с молотка compulsory ~ принудительная продажа с торгов compulsory ~ принудительное отчуждение compulsory ~ продажа с молотка conclude a ~ заканчивать продажу consignment ~ продажа со склада комиссионера credit ~ продажа в кредит distress ~ продажа описанного имущества duty-free ~ беспошлинная продажа effect a ~ осуществлять продажу enforced ~ вынужденная продажа enforced ~ принудительная продажа execution ~ продажа имущества должника по решению суда fictitious ~ фиктивная продажа fire salvage ~ распродажа имущества, спасенного от пожара first ~ первоначальная продажа flat ~ малый объем продаж forced ~ вынужденная продажа forced ~ принудительная продажа foreclosure ~ продажа заложенной недвижимости forward ~ бирж. продажа на срок forward ~ бирж. форвардная продажа government securities ~ продажа правительственных ценных бумаг instalment ~ продажа в рассрочку intermediate ~ предварительная продажа judicial ~ продажа имущества по решению суда judicial ~ продажа по решению суда mail-order ~ реализация товаров по почте mock ~ имитация продажи noncommercial ~ некоммерческий сбыт one-sided commercial ~ односторонняя коммерческая продажа outright ~ продажа с безотлагательным расчетом наличными over-the-counter ~ продажа в розницу panic ~ паническая продажа panic ~ срочная распродажа poor ~ слабый сбыт preinventory ~ продажа до инвентаризации private ~ продажа по частному соглашению private ~ частная торговля proceeds from ~ доход от продажи promote the ~ содействовать увеличению сбыта ~ продажа с аукциона, с торгов;
to put up for sale продавать с молотка quick ~ быстрый сбыт rapid ~ быстрая распродажа real estate ~ продажа недвижимости realization ~ распродажа retail ~ розничная продажа rummage ~ распродажа случайных вещей (обыкн. с благотворительной целью) sale продажа;
сбыт;
to be for (или on) sale продаваться ~ продажа ~ продажа с аукциона, с торгов;
to put up for sale продавать с молотка ~ продажа с аукциона ~ продажа с торгов ~ распродажа ~ (обыкн. pl) распродажа по сниженной цене в конце сезона;
bargain (или clearance) sale распродажа по сниженным ценам ~ распродажа по сниженным ценам ~ реализация ~ сбыт, продажа ~ сбыт ~ торговая сделка ~ торговля Sale: Sale: ~ of Goods Act Закон о продаже товаров (Великобритания) sale: sale: ~ of government papers продажа государственных обязательств ~ at cut prices продажа по низким ценам ~ at cut prices продажа по сниженным ценам ~ by auction аукцион ~ by auction продажа с аукциона ~ by commission комиссионная продажа ~ by description продажа по описанию ~ by instalments продажа в рассрочку ~ by order of court продажа по постановлению суда ~ by order of court продажа по приказу суда ~ by order of court продажа по распоряжению суда ~ by order of court продажа по решению суда ~ by order of court of single piece of property продажа по распоряжению суда одной единицы имущества ~ by private treaty продажа по частному соглашению ~ by retail продажа в розницу ~ by sample продажа по образцу ~ by weight продажа на вес ~ in bulk массовая продажа ~ in bulk продажа без упаковки ~ in bulk продажа всего товарного запаса ~ in bulk продажа груза целиком ~ in bulk продажа насыпью ~ in series продажа в серии ~ of ascertained goods продажа индивидуализированных товаров ~ of bonds and debentures продажа закладных и долговых расписок ~ of bonds and debentures продажа облигаций и долговых обязательств ~ of companies продажа компаний ~ of goods продажа изделий ~ of goods продажа товаров sale: ~ of government papers продажа государственных обязательств ~ of government papers продажа правительственных ценных бумаг ~ of land продажа земли ~ of loan переуступка займа банком ~ of loan продажа долгового обязательства другому кредитору ~ of pledge продажа залога ~ of real property продажа недвижимости ~ of securities продажа ценных бумаг ~ of shares продажа акций ~ of shares продажа доли собственности ~ of subsidiary продажа дочерней компании ~ of subsidiary продажа дочерней фирмы ~ on commission комиссионная продажа ~ on consignment продажа по консигнации ~ on consignment продажа со склада комиссионера ~ on sample продажа по образцу ~ on trial продажа на пробу ~ to ascertain damages продажа для определения ущерба self-help ~ продажа в рамках самопомощи sham ~ фиктивная продажа short ~ продажа без покрытия на срок short ~ продажа на срок без покрытия spot ~ продажа с немедленной поставкой за наличный расчет surreptitious ~ подпольная продажа tax-free ~ беспошлинная продажа tie-in ~ продажа с нагрузкой tie-in ~ продажа с принудительным ассортиментом tie-in ~ условная продажа uncovered ~ продажа без покрытия volume ~ оптовая продажа volume ~ продажа крупными партиями wash ~ фиктивная продажа ценных бумаг -
66 cedere
1. v/t ( dare) hand over, give up( vendere) sell, dispose ofcedere il posto give up one's seat2. v/i give in, surrender (a to)muro, terreno collapse, give waynon cedere! don't give in!* * *cedere v.tr.1 ( dare) to give*; to let* s.o. have: ti cedo volentieri la mia stanza, I'll be happy to give you (o to let you have) my room // cedere terreno, to yield ground // cedere il passo, to let s.o. pass // cedere la strada, to give way // cedere la destra, to walk on s.o.'s left2 ( trasferire) to hand over; to transfer: ho ceduto il mio posto nel consiglio, I've handed over my place on the Board; ha ceduto la guida del partito al suo braccio destro, he handed over (o ceded) the leadership of his party to his right-hand man // (fin., comm.): cedere una tenuta, to transfer an estate; cedere una cambiale, to transfer a bill; cedere un privilegio, to surrender a privilege; fu obbligato a cedere i diritti d'autore ad altri, he was obliged to assign his copyrights to another person; cedere una proprietà mediante atto pubblico, to grant a property by deed3 ( vendere) to sell*: mi ha ceduto la sua quota di azioni, he sold me his quota of shares; hanno ceduto il negozio qui di fronte per quattro soldi, they've sold the shop across the street for peanuts; cedere merce sottocosto, to sell goods under cost price4 ( consegnare) to surrender; ( con un trattato) to cede: la nostra città fu ceduta al nemico, our town was surrended to the enemy; la Corsica fu ceduta alla Francia, Corsica was ceded to France // cedere le armi, to surrender◆ v. intr.1 ( arrendersi) to give* in, to yield, to surrender: non cedere!, don't give in!; non cederà alla forza, she won't yield to force; il nostro esercito fu costretto a cedere, our army was forced to surrender2 ( sprofondare) to give* way: il ghiaccio sta cedendo, the ice is giving way; hanno ceduto le fondamenta, the foundations have given way; c'è rischio che ceda il tetto della galleria, the roof of the tunnel might give way (o cave in); il terreno ha ceduto per via degli scavi, the land gave way (o subsided) because of excavations3 ( rompersi) to give* way: la corda cedette e la barca fu trascinata via, the rope gave way and the boat floated off* * *['tʃɛdere]1. vt1)cedere qc (a qn) — to give sth up (to sb), (eredità, diritto) to transfer sth (to sb), make sth over (to sb)cedere il posto a qn — (in autobus) to give sb one's seat
2) (Comm : vendere) to sell"cedo"; "cedesi" — "for sale"
2)cedere a — to give way to, to surrender to, yield to, give in to3) (deformarsi: tessuto, scarpe) to give* * *['tʃɛdere] 1.verbo transitivo1) (lasciare) to give* (up) [ turno]; to yield, to surrender [ potere]mi ha ceduto il suo monolocale per... — he let me have o sold me his studio for
2.cedere i diritti (d'autore) — to surrender o waive one's copyright
1) (arrendersi) to yield, to surrender, to give* in, to give* way2) (piegarsi) [ gambe] to give* way, to buckle3) (rompersi) [sedia, ponte] to give* way; [ramo, serratura, porta] to yield; [ tetto] to fall* in, to cave in4) (allentarsi) [ elastico] to loosen, to slacken; [ stoffa] to stretch* * *cedere/'t∫εdere/ [2]1 (lasciare) to give* (up) [ turno]; to yield, to surrender [ potere]; mi ha ceduto il posto he let me have his place; cedo la parola al mio collega I'll hand over to my colleague2 (vendere) to sell* out [ azioni]; mi ha ceduto il suo monolocale per... he let me have o sold me his studio for...3 dir. econ. to cede, to remise [ proprietà]; to make* over [ bene]; cedere i diritti (d'autore) to surrender o waive one's copyright(aus. avere)1 (arrendersi) to yield, to surrender, to give* in, to give* way; cedere alla tentazione to give in to temptation; non cede mai he never gives up2 (piegarsi) [ gambe] to give* way, to buckle3 (rompersi) [ sedia, ponte] to give* way; [ ramo, serratura, porta] to yield; [ tetto] to fall* in, to cave in -
67 lead
1. n грузило, отвес2. n мор. лотto cast the lead — бросать лот, мерить глубину лотом
3. n сл. пуля, пули4. n l5. n свинцовые полосы для покрытия крыши6. n покрытая свинцом крыша; плоская крышаunder the leads — на чердаке, под крышей
7. n графит; карандашный грифельpot lead — графит, чёрный свинец
8. n полигр. свинец, гарт9. n полигр. шпоны10. n диал. котелок, котёлlead balloon — неудача; провал
11. v тех. освинцовывать, покрывать свинцом12. v полигр. разделять шпонами, прокладывать шпоны; набирать на шпоны13. n руководство; инициативаto take the lead — брать на себя руководство, проявлять инициативу
14. n примерlead the way — идти во главе; показывать пример
15. n указание, директива16. n ключ; намёк17. n развёрнутый подзаголовок, аннотация18. n вводная часть19. n первое предложение или первый абзац информационной статьи20. n газетная информация, помещённая на видном месте21. n первенство, первое место22. n преим. спорт. преимущество, перевес23. n поводок; привязь24. n театр. кино25. n главная роль26. n исполнитель или исполнительница главной роли27. n карт. ход; первый ход28. n карт. карта, масть29. n карт. разг. дорожка, тропинка30. n карт. искусственное русло31. n карт. разводье; проход32. n карт. эл. подводящий проводground lead — земляной провод; земляной вывод
33. n карт. ошиновка, электропроводка34. n карт. трубопровод; канал35. n карт. тех. шаг или ход36. n карт. тех. отводной блок37. n карт. тех. центрирующая фаска38. n карт. тех. опережение, предварение39. n карт. воен. упреждение, приведение огня40. n карт. геол. жила, жильное месторождение41. n карт. геол. золотоносный песок42. n карт. тех. стрела; укосина43. v вести; показывать путьto lead a fast life — вести беспутную жизнь, прожигать жизнь
44. v руководить, возглавлять; управлятьtake the lead — быть впереди; возглавлять
45. v занимать первое место; быть впереди46. v спорт. идти первым; вести, лидироватьthe big chestnut was leading by three lengths — большая гнедая лошадь опередила других на три корпуса
47. v спорт. вести по очкам; иметь, набрать больше очковlead away — увести, увлечь
48. v превосходитьas an actor he certainly leads — как актёр он, несомненно, не имеет себе равных
49. v вести, приводить50. v выходить, сообщаться51. v вести, служить проводом или каналом52. v приводить; вызвать; быть причиной, иметь результатомto lead nowhere — ни к чему не привести, оказаться безрезультатным
to lead to crime — вести, приводить к совершению преступления
53. v убедить, склонить; заставить, повлиять54. v вовлекать55. v юр. задавать наводящие вопросы56. v карт. ходить57. v воен. упреждать58. v шотл. юр. свидетельствовать; представлятьСинонимический ряд:1. chief (adj.) chief; main; prime; principal; supreme2. first (adj.) first; front; head; primary3. advance (noun) advance; first place; foremost4. clue (noun) clue; evidence; hint; scent5. direction (noun) direction; leadership; management6. example (noun) example; guidance; model; pattern7. head (noun) boss; head; king; precedence; president; vanguard8. leader (noun) bellwether; dean; doyen; guide; leader; pilot9. leading lady (noun) leading lady; leading man; prima donna; principal; protagonist; star10. weight (noun) plumb; weight11. command (verb) captain; command; dominate; reign; rule12. convert (verb) bring; convert; move; persuade13. go (verb) carry; extend; go; reach; run; stretch14. guide (verb) conduct; convey; direct; escort; go before; guide; introduce; manage; moderate; pilot; precede; preface; route; see; shepherd; show; steer; usher15. influence (verb) allure; convince; entice; induce; influence; lure; seduce16. live (verb) live; pass; pursue17. surpass (verb) beat; excel; outstrip; overtake; surpass; transcendАнтонимический ряд:accede; acquiesce; assent; assist; attend; comply; concede; concur; conform; consent; dissuade; follow; help; imitate; last; obey; secondary; trail -
68 ἐπείγω
Aἤπειγον Pi.O.8.47
, S.Ph. 499, [dialect] Ep.Ἔπειγον Od.12.205
: [tense] aor.ἤπειξα Hp.Ep. 17
, Plu.Pomp.21, etc.:—[voice] Med. and [voice] Pass., Hom. (v. infr.), etc.: [tense] fut. [voice] Med.ἐπείξομαι A.Pr.52
: [tense] aor.ἠπείχθην Th.1.80
, Pl.Lg. 887c: [tense] pf.ἤπειγμαι J.BJ1.8.7
, Aristid.Or.17(15).9, Gal.6.177: the compd. κατ-επείγω is more freq. in [dialect] Att. Prose:—press by weight, ὀλίγον τέ μιν ἄχθος ἐπείγει the weight presses lightly on him, Il.12.452:— [voice] Pass., to be weighed down,ἐπείγετο γὰρ βελέεσσι 5.622
;θάμνοι.. ἐπειγόμενοι πυρὸς ὁρμῇ
overpowered,11.157
, cf. 21.362.2 press hard (in pursuit),ἀναγκαίη γὰρ ἐπείγει 6.85
, Od.19.73: c.acc.,δύω κύνε.. κεμάδ' ἠὲ λαγωὸν ἐπείγετον Il.10.361
:—in a current phrase, .II drive on, urge forward,ἐρετμὰ.. χερσὶν ἔπειγον Od.12.205
; freq. of a fair wind,ἔπειγε γὰρ οὖρος 12.167
;ὁππότ' ἐπείγῃ ἲς ἀνέμου Il.15.382
; (anap.).III generally, urge on, hasten,ἐπείγετε δ' ὦνον Od.15.445
; τὸν οἴκαδ' ἤπειγον στόλον urged the homeward course, S.Ph. 499;ἐ. τινά Id.OC 1540
:—[voice] Pass., of a ship,ἐπείγετο χέρσ' ἐπετάων Od. 13.115
;Διὸς οὔρῳ 15.297
, cf. E.IT 1393, Th.3.49; of persons, θορύβοις ἠπειγμένος J.l.c.2 [voice] Med., urge on for oneself, ; so τὴν παρασκευήν, τὸν πλοῦν ἐπείγεσθαι, Th.3.2,4.5, al.: abs., ἐπειγομένων ἀνέμων by the force of winds, Il.5.501; ὀπὸς γάλα.. ἐπειγόμενος συνέπηξεν the fig-juice by its power curdles the milk, ib. 902.3 [voice] Pass., hurry oneself, haste to do, c. inf.,μή τις.. ἐπειγέσθω οἶκόνδε νέεσθαι Il.2.354
, cf. Hes.Sc.21, Hdt.8.68. γ, Th.8.46, etc.: abs., make haste,ἐπειγέσθω δὲ καὶ αὐτός Il.6.363
;ὧραι ἐπειγόμεναι Pi.N.4.34
; .ζ; δρόμῳ ἐπείγεσθαι Id.6.112
;νυκτὸς ἅρμ' ἐπείγεται A.Ch. 660
; ;ὥσπερ τι δεινὸν ἀγγελῶν ἐ. Ar.Ach. 1070
; , cf. Th.8.82;ἐπείγεσθαι ἐπὶ.. Hdt.4.135
; ἐς πύλας, πρὸς τὴν γέφυραν, E.Ph. 1171, Th.6.101;ἠπείγετο οἴκαδε Pl.Tht. 142c
, etc.: in Hom. mostly in part., like an Adv. with Verbs, ἐπειγομένη ἀφικάνει in eager haste she comes, Il. 6.388;ψυχὴ.. ἔσσυτ' ἐπειγομένη 14.519
;τάμνον ἐπειγόμενοι 23.119
, etc.; so in [dialect] Att.,εἴσω ᾔει ἐπειγόμενος Pl.Prt. 310b
.b [voice] Pass., also, to be eager for a thing, esp. in part.: c. inf., πρὸς ἠέλιον κεφαλὴν τρέπε.. δῦναι ἐπειγόμενος eager for its setting, Od.13.30, cf. A. Pr.52: c. gen., ἐπειγόμενός περ ὁδοῖο longing for the journey, Od.1.309, etc.; ἐ. περ Ἄρηος eager for the fray, Il.19.142;ἐ. περὶ νίκης 23.437
, 496.2 to be pressing, urgent,ἐν ταῖς ἐπειγούσαις χρείαις Ph.Bel.56.47
; τὰ ἐπείγοντα pressing matters, Plu. Sert.3, Aristid.1.119 J., cf. BGU1141.4 (i B.C.), etc.;χρείαν τινὰ ἐπείγειν λέγων App.Mith.79
; τῆς ὥρας -ούσης since time was pressing, Plu.2.108f;τῶν ἀρχαιρεσίων ἐπειγόντων Id.Marc.24
.3 impers., οὐκ ἐπείγει διαριθμεῖν there's no pressing need to count, Longin.43.6: part. abs., the need being urgent,Aristid.
Or.36(48).10. -
69 walk
walk [wɔ:k]marcher ⇒ 1 (a) se promener ⇒ 1 (a) aller à pied ⇒ 1 (b) faire à pied ⇒ 2 (a) accompagner ⇒ 2 (b) faire marcher ⇒ 2 (c) promener ⇒ 2 (c) promenade ⇒ 3 (b), 3 (d) randonnée ⇒ 3 (b) démarche ⇒ 3 (c)∎ walk, don't run! ne cours pas!;∎ he walked along the beach il marchait ou se promenait le long de la plage;∎ we walked down/up the street nous avons descendu/monté la rue à pied;∎ to walk across or over the street to speak to sb traverser la rue pour parler à qn;∎ they walked through the park ils ont traversé le parc à pied;∎ he walked slowly towards the door il s'est dirigé lentement vers la porte;∎ she walked back and forth elle marchait de long en large, elle faisait les cent pas;∎ let's walk a little si nous marchions un peu?;∎ walk with me to the shop accompagnez-moi au magasin;∎ he walks in his sleep il est somnambule;∎ he walked downstairs in his sleep il a descendu l'escalier en dormant;∎ to walk on one's hands marcher sur les mains, faire l'arbre fourchu;∎ figurative you have to walk before you can run il faut apprendre petit à petit;∎ I'm walking on air! je suis aux anges!;∎ to walk on water marcher sur l'eau;∎ as far as the party faithful are concerned, he can walk on water aux yeux des fidèles du parti, il est capable de miracles;∎ American he's walking tall il marche la tête haute(b) (as opposed to drive, ride) aller à pied;∎ to walk home rentrer à pied;∎ I walk to work je vais au travail à pied;∎ did you walk all the way? avez-vous fait tout le chemin à pied?;∎ is it too far to walk? est-ce trop loin pour y aller à pied?(c) (horse, rider) aller au pas∎ the money seems to have walked l'argent semble s'être envolé(a) (cover on foot) faire à pied;∎ we walk 3 km a day nous faisons 3 km (de marche) à pied par jour;∎ you can walk it in 10 minutes il faut 10 minutes (pour y aller) à pied;∎ I can't walk another step je ne peux pas faire un pas de plus;∎ she walks this road every day elle passe à pied par cette rue tous les jours;∎ to walk the streets (wander) se promener dans les rues; (looking for something) arpenter les rues, battre le pavé; (as prostitute) faire le trottoir;∎ to walk a beat (policeman) faire sa ronde∎ I'll walk you to the station je vais vous accompagner (à pied) à la gare;∎ may I walk you home? puis-je vous raccompagner?∎ his friend walked him up and down the room son ami l'a fait marcher en long et en large dans la pièce;∎ she walked her mother round the garden elle a fait faire un tour de jardin à sa mère;∎ they walked him forcibly to the door ils l'ont dirigé de force vers la porte;∎ she walked the bike up the hill elle a poussé le vélo dans la côte;∎ British familiar she has walked me off my feet elle m'a fait tellement marcher que je ne tiens plus debout□∎ to walk it (succeed easily) gagner les doigts dans le nez3 noun∎ she slowed to a walk elle a ralenti et s'est mise à marcher;∎ they moved along at a brisk walk ils marchaient d'un pas rapide∎ to go for or to take a walk aller se promener, faire une promenade ou un tour;∎ we had a long walk through the woods nous avons fait une grande promenade ou balade en forêt;∎ it'll be a nice walk for you cela vous fera une belle promenade;∎ I take a 5 km walk each day je fais chaque jour une promenade de 5 km;∎ it's a long walk to the office ça fait loin pour aller à pied au bureau;∎ the station is a five-minute walk from here la gare est à cinq minutes de marche ou à cinq minutes à pied d'ici;∎ I took my mother for a walk j'ai emmené ma mère en promenade ou faire un tour;∎ did you take the dog for a walk? as-tu promené ou sorti le chien?;∎ familiar it was a walk in the park c'était un jeu d'enfant;∎ you'll recognize her from her walk tu la reconnaîtras à sa démarche ou à sa façon de marcher ou à la façon dont elle marche;∎ his walk reminds me of Groucho Marx quand il marche, il me fait penser à Groucho Marx∎ a coastal walk un chemin côtier;∎ American the front walk l'allée f (de devant la maison)∎ I meet people from all walks or from every walk of life je rencontre des gens de tous milieuxBritish se promener, se baladertraverser (à pied)faire traverser (à pied)partir, s'en aller;∎ she walked away from the group elle s'est éloignée du groupe, elle a quitté le groupe;∎ he walked away from the accident il est sorti de l'accident indemne;∎ figurative to walk away from trouble/a problem éviter une situation difficile/un problème;∎ you can't just walk away from the situation tu ne peux pas te désintéresser comme ça de la situation∎ I walked away with an antique dressing table for just thirty pounds j'ai réussi à avoir une coiffeuse ancienne pour seulement trente livres;∎ he walked away with a small fine il s'en est tiré avec une petite amende;∎ she walked away with all the credit c'est elle qui a reçu tous les honneurs(return) revenir ou retourner (à pied)raccompagner (à pied)➲ walk inentrer;∎ she walked in and started complaining elle est entrée et a commencé à se plaindre;∎ we walked in on her as she was getting dressed nous sommes entrés sans prévenir alors qu'elle s'habillaitfaire entrer(a) (enter → house, room) entrer dans; (→ job) obtenir (sans problème); (→ situation) se retrouver dans; (→ trap) tomber dans;∎ familiar you walked right into that one! tu t'es bien fait piéger!∎ he walked right into me/it il m'est rentré en plein dedans/il est rentré en plein dedans➲ walk offpartir, s'en aller(get rid of → headache) faire passer en marchant; (→ weight) perdre en faisant de la marche;∎ to walk off one's lunch faire une promenade pour digérer∎ he walked off with all the prizes il a remporté ou il a gagné tous les prix (haut la main)∎ we walked out of the meeting nous avons quitté la réunion ou nous sommes partis de la réunion en signe de protestation∎ to walk out with sb faire la cour à qn, courtiser qn(family, lover) quitter(bridge) traverser;∎ Sport to walk over the course inspecter le terrain (avant l'épreuve);∎ figurative don't let them walk all over you ne vous laissez pas avoir, ne vous laissez pas marcher sur les piedsaller, faire un saut;∎ I'll walk over to her place tomorrow je ferai un saut ou je passerai chez elle demain;∎ the boss walked over to congratulate him le patron s'est approché de lui pour le féliciter(museum, shops etc) faire le tour de(one's exams etc) réussir sans effort(a) (go upstairs) monter(b) (come close) s'approcher;∎ a complete stranger walked up to her un inconnu s'est approché d'elle -
70 pod
Ⅰ praep. 1. (poniżej) under(neath), beneath, below- pod kredensem/parasolem under the sideboard/an umbrella- pod ziemią below (the) ground, under(neath) the ground- pod powierzchnią below a. under(neath) the surface- mieszkanie pode mną the flat below a. underneath mine- tunele pod centrum miasta tunnels under(neath) a. beneath the city centre- pod warstwą tynku beneath a layer of plaster- czuć piasek pod stopami to feel the sand under a. beneath one’s feet- zaglądałeś pod biurko? have you looked under the desk?- zginął pod kołami ciężarówki he died under the wheels of a lorry- jego córka wpadła pod samochód his daughter was run over a. hit by a car- włóż jakiś sweter pod płaszcz put a jumper on under your coat- na liście jego nazwisko było pod moim his name was underneath mine on the list- złożyć podpis pod petycją to sign a petition- pod jego piórem/pędzlem książk. in his rendition2. (obok, koło) at, by; (z nazwą geograficzną) near- pod drzwiami at a. by the door- pod ścianą by the wall- pod samym szczytem just below a. right beneath the summit- pod basztą/wzgórzem zamkowym at the foot of the tower/the castle hill- pod lasem at the edge of the forest- spotkajmy się pod kinem let’s meet outside the cinema- podwiózł mnie pod dom he drove me right home- podkradł się pod bramę he crept up to the gate- miejscowość pod Krakowem a place near Cracow- bitwa pod Waterloo the Battle of Waterloo- na lato wyjeżdżali zwykle pod Warszawę in the summer they usually stayed somewhere outside Warsaw3. (w kierunku przeciwnym do) against- pod wiatr against the wind- pod prąd against the current, upstream- płynąć pod prąd to go against the current także przen.- pod światło against the light- iść/patrzeć na coś pod słońce to walk/look at sth with the sun in one’s eyes- zrobić zdjęcie pod słońce to take a photo against the sun- pod górę uphill- ścieżka biegnąca pod górę an uphill path, a path going uphill4. (wskazujące na podporządkowanie) under- pod czyimś dowództwem/nadzorem under sb’s command/supervision- pod eskortą policji under police escort- państwo Franków pod rządami Karolingów the Frankish state under (the rule of) the Carolingians- tereny znajdujące się pod okupacją niemiecką areas under German occupation- pacjenci/uczniowie pod moją opieką patients/pupils in my care- córkę zostawili pod opieką babci they left their daughter in the care of her grandmother- przekazać projekt pod dyskusję to put forward a plan for discussion- poddać wniosek pod głosowanie to put a motion to the vote- mam pod sobą 20 pracowników I have 20 people under me- pod wiceministrem było pięciu dyrektorów there were five directors below the deputy minister5. (wskazujące na przyczynę, okoliczności) under- pod narkozą under a general anaesthetic- pod moją/jego nieobecność in my/his absence- pod (czyjąś) presją under pressure (from sb)- pod przymusem under duress książk. a. coercion- pod wpływem kogoś/czegoś under the influence of sb/sth- pod pretekstem ważnego spotkania under a. on the pretext of having an important meeting (to attend)- złamać się/ugiąć się pod ciężarem czegoś to break/buckle under the weight of sth także przen.- zeznawać pod przysięgą to testify under a. on GB oath- obiecał to zrobić pod słowem honoru he gave his word of honour that he would do it, he promised on his word of honour that he would do it- został aresztowany pod zarzutem kradzieży he was arrested on a theft charge a. on a charge of theft- nasze pozycje znalazły się pod silnym ostrzałem wroga our positions came under heavy enemy fire6. (wskazujące na konsekwencje) under- pod groźbą eksmisji under threat of eviction- pod karą grzywny under a. on penalty of a fine- pod karą śmierci on a. under pain of death, under a. on penalty of death- pod odpowiedzialnością karną under a. on penalty of law7. (z nazwą, tytułem) under- wiersz pod tytułem „Kot” a poem entitled ‘Cat’- operacja pod kryptonimem „Arka Noego” an operation code-named a. under the code name ‘Noah’s Ark’- kościół pod wezwaniem św. Augustyna a church dedicated to a. under the patronage of St Augustine- pod pseudonimem under a pseudonym- urodzić się pod znakiem Lwa/Raka to be born under the sign of Leo/Cancer- na liście figurowała pod nazwiskiem panieńskim she appeared on the list under her maiden name- co rozumiesz pod pojęciem feminizmu? what do you understand by the notion of feminism?8. (z adresem, numerem) at- muzeum mieści się pod numerem piątym the museum is located at number five- zanieś te bagaże pod ósemkę take this luggage to (room) number eight- więcej informacji uzyska pan pod numerem 913 you can find out more by ringing 913- zostaw dla mnie wiadomość pod tym numerem leave a message for me at this number9 (wskazujące na dopasowanie) kapelusz pod kolor płaszcza a hat to match the colour of the coat- musisz dobrać narzutę pod kolor zasłon you need to a. have to choose a bedspread to go with a. match (the colour of) the curtains- podkładać słowa pod melodię to put words to the music10 pot. (w stylu) in the style of, in imitation of- obrazy malowane pod Picassa pictures in the style a. in imitation of Picasso- napisał wypracowanie pod swoją polonistkę he wrote his essay the way his Polish teacher would like it11 (blisko) towards, toward US- pod wieczór towards the evening- pod koniec wieku/przedstawienia towards the end of the century/performance- mieć pod pięćdziesiątkę to be getting on for a. approaching fifty- temperatura dochodziła pod czterdziestkę pot. the temperature was approaching forty12 (z okazji) pot. to- wypijmy pod twoją czterdziestkę here’s to your fortieth birthday! pot.- pod nasze spotkanie! here’s to our little get-together! pot.- kieliszek wódki pod śledzika a glass of vodka to go with the herringⅡ pod- w wyrazach złożonych (niżej w hierarchii) sub-, under-- podtytuł subtitle- podsekretarz undersecretary* * *1. prep +instr1) ( poniżej) underpod wodą/ziemią — underwater/underground
pod spodem — below, underneath
2) ( obok) by3) ( w pobliżu) near4) ( dla wyrażenia przyczyny) under2. prep +accpod wpływem/przymusem — under the influence/pressure
1) ( kierunek) underpod wiatr/prąd — against the wind/stream
2) ( dla wyrażenia czasu)pod wieczór/koniec — towards the evening/end
3)pod warunkiem, że... — on condition (that)...; provided lub providing (that)...
książka pod tytułem... — a book entitled...
pod przysięgą — under lub on BRIT oath
pod karą/groźbą czegoś — on pain of/under threat of sth
* * *prep.+ Ins.1. (= poniżej) under; pod stołem under the table; pod ziemią underground; pod wodą underwater; pod spodem below, underneath; pod marynarką/płaszczem under one's jacket/coat; pod parasolem under the umbrella.2. (= tuż przy czymś) by; pod ścianą by the wall; pod drzwiami at the door; dom pod Londynem a house near London; bitwa pod Grunwaldem/Waterloo the battle of Tannenberg/Waterloo; pod ręką at hand; wszystkie potrzebne książki mam pod ręką all the books I need are at hand.3. ( w zwrotach wyrażających przyczynę) under; pod przymusem under pressure; pod wpływem czegoś under the influence of sth; pod naciskiem under duress; pod zarzutem czegoś on a charge of something; ugiąć się pod ciężarem czegoś be laden with sth, bend down under the load of sth; pod pretekstem czegoś under l. with the pretext of sth.4. (= pod nadzorem, opieką) under, in; pod czyimś przewodnictwem under the leadership of sb; pod kontrolą under control; pod czyimś kierunkiem under sb's supervision; pod czyimś dowództwem under sb's command; pod okiem wychowawcy under the tutor's supervision; statek pod polską banderą a ship under the Polish banner; urodzić się pod szczęśliwą gwiazdą be born under a lucky star.5. ( dla wyrażenia sankcji) under, on; pod groźbą czegoś under threat of sth; pod karą pozbawienia wolności under threat of imprisonment; zeznawać pod przysięgą testify on l. under the oath.6. ( w zwrotach wyrażających nazwy) kościół pod wezwaniem św. Tomasza St. Thomas Church, St. Thomas's Church, the Church of St. Thomas; powieść pod tytułem... novel entitled...; lepiej znana pod panieńskim nazwiskiem better known by her maiden name; piszę pod pseudonimem Kulis I write under the pen name of Kulis; kino pod nazwą Paladium Paladium movie-theater.7. ( w zwrotach wyrażających położenie) podpisać się pod listem/petycją sign a letter/petition; umieścić pieczęć pod umową stamp the contract/agreement.9. + Acc. ( w zwrotach wyrażających kierunek) under; pod stół under the table; pod prąd against the stream l. tide; pod wiatr against the wind; pod górę uphill; wpaść pod tramwaj/samochód/pociąg be hit by a streetcar/car/train, be run over by a streetcar/car/train.10. + Acc. (w zwrotach wyrażających czas, okoliczności) at, in; pod koniec lipca at the end of July; pod wieczór in the evening, towards (the) evening; pod twoją nieobecność in your absence; mężczyzna pod pięćdziesiątkę a man approaching l. nearing fifty.11. + Acc. ( w zwrotach wyrażających robienie czegoś na wzór czegoś) robić coś pod dyktando do what one is told by sb; dobrać zasłony pod kolor dywanu match the curtains with the carpet; malować pod kogoś paint for sb.12. + Acc. ( w innych zwrotach) oddać propozycję pod dyskusję submit the suggestion for discussion; wziąć coś pod rozwagę take sth into consideration; oddać projekt ustawy pod głosowanie submit the bill to a vote.The New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > pod
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71 o1
praep. 1. (wskazujące na temat) [rozmowa, rozmawiać, informacja, pogłoski] about- książka o kimś/czymś a book about a. on sb/sth- ustawa o pornografii the law on pornography- o czym jest ten film? what is the film about?- mówić/myśleć o kimś/czymś to talk/think about a. of sb/sth- dyskutować o czymś to discuss sth- zapytać o kogoś/coś to ask about sb/sth- zapytaj kogoś o godzinę/drogę ask somebody the time/way- zapytała go o cenę she asked him about the price- wiedzieć o kimś/czymś to know about sb/sth- nic mi o tym nie wiadomo I know nothing about it- nie zapomnij o jej urodzinach don’t forget (about) her birthday- nie miała pojęcia o poezji she knew nothing about poetry- co sądzisz o tej książce? what do you think of this book?- był przekonany o swojej racji he was convinced he was right- proces o zabójstwo a murder trial- oskarżony o zdradę stanu accused of high treason- martwić się o kogoś/coś to worry about sb/sth- gniewać się o coś to be angry a. cross GB about sth- być zazdrosnym o kogoś/coś to be jealous of sb/sth- o co masz do mnie żal? what have I done to upset you?2. (wskazujące na cel) for- prosić o coś to ask for sth- poproś go o kawałek chleba ask him for a piece of bread- poprosimy go o zmianę decyzji we’ll ask him to change the decision- chciałbym cię o coś poprosić I’d like to ask you something, there’s something I’d like to ask you- dbać o zęby/włosy to care for one’s teeth/hair- dbać o figurę to watch one’s figure a. weight- wystąpić o stypendium to apply for a grant/scholarship- zabiegać o poparcie to seek support- walczyć o przetrwanie to fight for survival- rywalizować o pierwsze miejsce to compete for first place- proszę o spokój! quiet, please!- pasażerów uprasza się o niepalenie passengers are kindly requested not to smoke3. (wskazujące na przedmiot sporu) about, over- kłótnia o coś a quarrel about a. over sth- wojna o granice a war over the borders- sprzeczać się o drobiazgi to quarrel over trifles4. (wskazujące na kontakt fizyczny) on, against- uderzyć głową/kolanem o coś to hit a. bang one’s head/knee on a. against sth- fale uderzały o skały the waves beat against the cliffs- odbijali piłkę o ścianę they were bouncing the ball against the wall- koła stukały o szyny the wheels clattered on the rails- rozerwał marynarkę o gwóźdź he tore his jacket on a nail- oparł drabinę o ścianę he leant the ladder against the wall5. (z określeniami czasu) at- o (godzinie) czwartej at four (o’clock)- o wpół do dziewiątej at half past eight- o świcie/zmroku at dawn/dusk- o północy at midnight- wstał o zwykłej godzinie he got up at his usual hour6. (z określeniami ilości, liczby) by- wzrosnąć/obniżyć się o 10% to rise/fall by 10 per cent- wzrost/spadek zatrudnienia o 2% a two per cent rise/fall a. drop in employment- o dwa centymetry dłuższy/krótszy two centimetres longer/shorter- o połowę krótszy/tańszy half the length/price- o dziesięć lat starszy/młodszy ten years older/younger- jest ode mnie wyższy o pół głowy he’s half a head taller than me- o wiele lepszy/większy far better/bigger- te buty są o dwa numery za duże these shoes are two sizes too big- mieszkamy o trzy domy dalej we live three houses further on a. down the road- wyprzedzał ich o trzy metry/sekundy he was three metres/seconds ahead of them- spóźniła się o godzinę she was an hour late- spałeś o godzinę dłużej ode mnie you slept an hour longer than me- może się pan pomylić o dziesięć lat your answer must be correct to within ten years7. książk. (określające cechę) with- dziewczyna o niebieskich oczach i jasnych włosach a girl with blue eyes and fair hair- mydło o zapachu cytryny lemon-scented soap- film o żywej akcji a well-paced film- koło o średnicy/promieniu metra a circle one metre in diameter/with a one-metre radius- odcinek drogi o długości ośmiu kilometrów an eight-kilometre stretch of the road8. (posługując się) chodzić o lasce to walk with a stick a. cane- poruszać się o kulach to walk on crutches- wstać o własnych siłach to get up on one’s own a. unaided- żyć o chlebie i wodzie to live on bread and waterThe New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > o1
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72 feel
1. Iusually in the negative or interrogative a robot cannot feel робот ничего не чувствует; can animals feel ? обладают ли животные какими-л. чувствами?2. IIfeel in some manner feel deeply (instinctively, profoundly, genuinely, etc.) глубоко и т. д. чувствовать; feel at home чувствовать себя как дома /запросто, свободно/; feel at ease чувствовать себя свободно; I feel ill at ease in her presence в ее присутствии я чувствую себя неловко /скованно/3. IIIfeel smth.1) feel hunger (thirst, etc.) ощущать голод и т. д.; feel pain (a toothache, a sore throat, etc.) чувствовать /испытывать/ боль и т. д; feel the force of the wind (the cool breeze, a blow, etc.) почувствовать силу ветра и т. д. feel sorrow (anger, fear, pity, compunction, a sting of conscience, doubt, joy, delight, pleasure, want, etc.) испытывать горе и т. д.; feel smb.'s authority (smb.'s anger, one's own power, one's strength, one's disgrace, the effects of the accident, the need for a little exercise, the necessity of smth., the justice of his words, etc.) (почувствовать чей-л. авторитет и т. д.; did you feel the earthquake? вы почувствовали подземные толчки?2) feel music (poetry, the beauty of his poems, the force of an argument, etc.) хорошо понимать /чувствовать/ музыку и т. д.; feel a friend's death глубоко переживать смерть друга3) feel the child's forehead (the edge of a knife, this piece of silk, this cloth, etc.) (по)щупать ребенку лоб и т. д.; feel smb.'s pulse посчитать у кого-л. пульс; the blind recognize objects by feeling them слепые узнают предметы на ощупь; feel one's legs (one's hands, one's head, etc.) ощупать свой ноги и т. д.; feel one's way идти ощупью; just feel the weight of this! ты только попробуй, сколько это весит!4. IV1) feel smth. in some manner he doesn't feel the heat at all он совсем не страдает от жары; infants feel the cold very much маленькие дети очень чувствительны к холоду; feel smth. at some time he felt the full effect of the medicine much later действие /эффект от/ лекарства он ощутил значительно позже2) feel smth. in some manner feel one's misfortune keenly (her failure painfully, his loss severely, etc.) остро чувствовать /переживать/ свое несчастье и т. д; feel nothing intensely принимать все спокойно, ничего не принимать близко к сердцу; feel acutely the difficulty (the need of smth., the necessity of smth., etc.) остро осознавать /отчетливо понимать/ [возникшие] трудности и т. д.3) feel smth. in some manner feel one's head (one's legs, one's face, etc.) carefully (lightly, etc.) осторожно и т. д. ощупывать голову и т. д.5. V|| feel it one's duty to do smth. считать своим долгом что-л. сделать; feel it one's duty to speak frankly to him (to tell them all about it, to help her, to do so, etc.) считать своим долгом поговорить с ним откровенно и т. д.6. VIfeel smth., as having some quality feel it necessary (important, relevant, wise, etc.) to interfere (to tell them about it, to warn them, etc.) считать необходимым и т. д. вмешаться и т. д.7. VII1) feel smth., smb. do smth. feel the earth shake (the knife touch my skin, her arms clasp round me, smb. move in the kitchen, him stir, etc.) (по-) чувствовать, что /как/ земля задрожала и т. д., she felt her feet to be stone-cold она почувствовала, что у нее ноги холодные как лед2) feel smb., smth. to do smth. he felt himself to see that nothing was broken он ощупал себя, чтобы убедиться, что ничего не сломал; she felt the wall to find the switch она шарила по стене, чтобы нащупать выключатель8. VIIIfeel smb., smth. dome smth. feel her trembling.(smth. crawling on my back, someone moving in the dark, himself falling, his hopes fading away, etc.) (по)чувствовать, что /как/ она дрожит и т. д.; feel winter coming предчувствовать наступление зимы; he felt an awful cad doing it делая это, он чувствовал себя подлецом9. Xfeel in some state feel hurt (a good deal embarrassed, very much moved, convinced, etc.) (почувствовать себя обиженным и т. д., обидеться и т. д.', feel relieved (grieved, assured, alarmed, frightened, depressed, etc.) почувствовать облегчение и т. д.; feel disposed to smb. чувствовать расположение к кому-л.; feel inclined to do smth. быть склонным сделать что-л.; the house is so large that one feels lost within it дом так велик, что в нем чувствуешь себя потерянным10. XI1) be felt in some manner the scarcity of public libraries is keenly felt остро ощущается недостаток публичных библиотек; the storm was felt severely on the coast последствия шторма тяжело сказались на всем побережье2) be felt to be in some state it was felt to be unwise (important, significant, etc.) считали, что это неразумно и т. д.11. XIII|| feel at liberty /free/ to do smth. быть вправе что-л. делать; I don't feel at liberty to tell you about it (to mention his name, to disclose his whereabouts, etc.) я не считаю себя вправе рассказать зам об этом и т. д.; I felt free to leave (to stay, etc.) я считал, что могу уйти и т. д.; feel in a position to do smth. считать себя в состоянии что-л. сделать; feel in a position to help (to lend smb. money, to speak to smb., etc.) считать, что в состоянии помочь и т. д.;12. XV1) feel young (ten years younger, old, free, pretty well, ill, foolish, mean, cheap, etc.) чувствовать себя молодым и т. д.; feel envious (anxious, nervous, etc.) завидовать /испытывать зависть/ и т. д.; I feel uneasy about him я о нем беспокоюсь; I feel cold (warm, hot, comfortable, sad, queer, lonely, etc.) мне холодно и т. д., I feel hungry (weary, angry, grateful, happy, ill, etc.) я голоден и т. д., feel proud of smth., smb. гордиться чем-л., кем-л.; feel indebted to him чувствовать себя обязанным ему; he is beginning to feel tipsy он начинает пьянеть; he feels sleepy его клонит ко сну; I feel sorry мне очень жаль; tow are you today? feel Feeling fine, thanks как вы себя чувствуете сегодня? feel Прекрасно, спасибо; my head feels funny feel may I lie down? у меня что-то с головой-можно я прилягу?; my foot feels better с ногой у меня стало лучше; do you know how it feels to lose an old friend вы знаете, что значит потерять старого друга?; he knows how it feels to be hungry (to be rich, to be poor, etc.) он знает, что такое быть голодным и т. д.2) feel ил possessing some quality the air feels cold /chilly/ в воздухе прохладно; the room feels hot (damp, etc.) в комнате жарко и т. д.; how cold your hand feels какая у вас холодная рука; the chair feels comfortable стул удобный; velvet (silk, this cloth, etc.) feels soft (smooth, rough, etc.) бархат мягкий и т. д. на ощупь; the load felt heavy to me груз показался мне тяжелым13. XVI1) feel for smb. feel for her (for all mankind, deeply for all who suffer, etc.) сочувствовать ей и т. д.; I really feel for him in his sorrow я искренне разделяю его горе; feel toward (s) /about/ smb., smth. feel kindly (sweetly, affectionately, maternally, etc.) towards smb. хорошо и т. д. относиться к кому-л.: I know how you feel toward him я знаю, как вы к нему относитесь; how do you feel about this? как sill к атому относитесь?; feel strongly about smb., smth. испытывать чувство неприязни к кому-л., чему-л.; I feel very strongly about women smoking я решительно против того, чтобы женщины курили; feel badly about smb., smth. плохо относиться к кому-л., чему-л.2) feel for /after/ smth. /in some place/ feel for one's purse (for a coin in one's pockets, after the handle, for a box of matches, for a weapon, for a knife, etc.) ощупью искать кошелек в кармане и т. д.; feel in (under, along, etc.) smth. feel in one's pockets (in her purse, in her handbag, in a drawer, etc.) рыться в карманах и т. д.; feel under tile chair with one's hand (with one's foot) шарить рукой (ногой) под стулом; he felt along the wall until he found the door он пробирался ощупью вдоль стены, пока не нащупал дверь14. XVIIIfeel oneself in some state feel oneself touched почувствовать себя растроганным; feel oneself slighted считать серя ущемленным; he felt himself called upon to help он считал, это обязан помочь; I don't feel quite myself this morning мне сегодня немножко не по себе; I feel quite myself again я снова чувствую себя хорошо, я опять в форме15. XIX11) feel like smth. feel like a cup of tea (like a glass of beer, like a drink, like a meal, like a movie, like a sail, etc.) быть не прочь выпить чашку чая и т. д, не возражать против чашки чая и т. д.; I don't feel like a walk just now мне сейчас не хочется идти гулять2) feel like smb. feel like a fool (like a cad, like a Midas, like oneself, etc.) чувствовать себя дураком и т. д., she hasn't been feeling like herself since the accident после катастрофы она никак не придет в себя; how does it feel like to be at home? ну как вам дома?, ну как вы себя чувствуете дома?3) feel like smth. this feels like wood (like glass, like wool, etc.) на ощупь это похоже на дерево и т. д.; her hands feel like velvet у нее руки мягкие как бархат; what does it feel like? на что это похоже (на ощупь)? ХIХ3 feel like doing smth. I feel like being alone (like singing, like crying like eating, like sleeping, etc.) мне хочется побыть одному и т. д.; do you feel like taking a walk? хотите прогуляться?; he doesn't feel like going out tonight ему сегодня не хочется выходить из дому; I don't feel like laughing мне [совсем] не смешно16. XXI11) feel smth. in smth. I feel a pain in my ear (in my leg, in the back, etc.) у меня болит ухо и т. д.; feel an interest in /towards/ smb., smth. интересоваться кем-л., чем-л.; feel smth. for smb. feel great friendship for smb. быть дружески расположенным к кому-л.; feel much pity for smb. жалеть кого-л., испытывать жалость к кому-л.; feel smth. at smth. I felt no joy at his return я не испытывал никакой радости по поводу его возвращения, я совершенно не радовался его возвращению2) feel one's may around (across, along, etc.) smth. feel one's way around the room (along the wall, across the hall, etc.) двигаться по комнате и т. д. ощупью; feel one's way with smth. feel one's way with a stick (with one's foot) нащупывать дорогу палкой (ногой)17. XXV1) feel that... (what..., as if..., etc.) he felt that he was cold (that you were right, that we should win, etc.) он чувствовал, что ему холодно и т. д.you shall feel what it is to be in my bad books ты еще почувствуешь, что значит потерять мое расположение; feel that it will be a clever move I that such a plan will he unwise, that I ought to say no more at present, that he has told the truth, hat this is not the right time to act, etc.) полагать считать/, что это будет умный ход и т. д., felt that there was going to be a disaster чувствовал, что разразится катастрофа; I feel as if my head were bursting (as if I had lost a father, as if I'm catching cold, etc.) у меня такое чувство, как будто у меня раскалывается голова и т. д., it feels as if it's going to be a nice day today сегодня, кажется, будет хороший день2) feel whether... if... / (how...) feel whether the water is warm enough пощупай /попробуй/, достаточно ли теплая вода; feel if there are any bones broken проверьте, не сломаны ли какие-нибудь кости; feel how sharp the edge of this knife is (how cold lay hands are, how fast his pulse is, etc.) пощупайте, какой острый нож и т. д. -
73 world
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74 Condenser System (Derby Doubler Method)
The waste used in the spinning of cotton condenser yarns is chiefly the best class of hard waste, viz., cop bottoms, with sometimes a judicious addition of reelers' and winders' waste. The selection of material to be used in the production of condenser yams requires very careful attention and no small amount of skill and experience. Apart from colour, the guiding feature in the mixing of cop bottoms is uniformity of counts of the waste threads within certain limits. When one considers the factors employed in determining the standard amount of twist per inch in cotton yarns, viz., counts X 3.25 for weft, and counts X 3.75 for twist, it is obvious that if, say, 24's American and 80's Egyptian were mixed together the treatment necessary to tear the threads of 24's back again into fibre would not be nearly sufficient to put the 80's into the same condition. The result would be badly broken-up material, which would hamper the subsequent operations to an alarming extent. Assuming, then, that the waste purchased is of suitable quality, the first operation is to put down a mixing of the selected grades. The most satisfactory method is to spread layer after layer until the mixing is of sufficient size or weight. The attendant should then pull the waste along the whole of the face of the mixing. In this way a thorough blending takes place, with the risk of variation in shade reduced to a minimum.Dictionary of the English textile terms > Condenser System (Derby Doubler Method)
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75 feel
A n1 (atmosphere, impression created) atmosphère f ; I like the feel of the place j'aime l'atmosphère de cet endroit ; there was a relaxed/conspiratorial feel about it il régnait une atmosphère détendue/de conspiration ; it has the feel of a country cottage cela a l'allure d'une maison de campagne ; the town has a friendly feel il y a une atmosphère accueillante dans cette ville ;2 ( sensation to the touch) toucher m, sensation f ; the feel of sand between one's toes la sensation du sable entre les orteils ; you can tell by the feel (that) on voit bien au toucher que ; to have an oily/slimy feel être huileux/gluant au toucher ; I like the feel of leather j'aime le contact du cuir ;3 (act of touching, feeling) to have a feel of sth, to give sth a feel tâter qch ; let me have a feel, give me a feel ( touch) laisse-moi toucher ; (hold, weigh) laisse-moi soupeser ;4 (familiarity, understanding) to get the feel of se faire à [controls, system] ; to get the feel of doing s'habituer à faire ; it gives you a feel of ou for the controls/the job market cela vous donne une idée des commandes/du marché du travail ;5 ( flair) don m (for pour) ; to have a feel for languages avoir le don des langues ; to have a feel for language bien savoir manier la langue.1 ( experience) éprouver, ressentir [affection, desire, envy, pride, unease] ; ressentir [bond, hostility, obligation, effects, consequences, strain] ; to feel a sense of isolation éprouver un sentiment de solitude ; I no longer feel anything for her je n'éprouve plus rien pour elle ; the impact of the legislation is still being felt les effets de la loi se font encore sentir ; the effects will be felt throughout the country les effets se feront sentir dans tout le pays ; to make one's displeasure felt manifester son mécontentement ; to feel sb's loss very deeply être très affecté par la perte de qn ; I felt my spirits rise j'ai senti que mon moral remontait ;2 (believe, think) to feel (that) estimer que ; she feels she has no option elle estime qu'elle n'a pas le choix ; I feel I should warn you je me sens dans l'obligation de vous prévenir ; I feel he's hiding something j'ai l'impression qu'il cache quelque chose ; I feel deeply ou strongly that they are wrong j'ai la profonde conviction qu'ils ont tort ; to feel sth to be estimer que qch est ; I felt it best to refuse j'ai estimé qu'il valait mieux refuser ; we feel it necessary to complain nous pensons que nous devons nous plaindre ;3 ( physically) sentir [blow, pressure, motion, draught, heat, object] ; ressentir [twinge, ache, stiffness, effects] ; I felt something soft j'ai senti quelque chose de mou ; you can feel the vibrations on sent les vibrations ; I can't feel anything in my leg je ne sens plus rien dans la jambe ; she feels/doesn't feel the cold elle est/n'est pas frileuse ; you'll feel the cold when you go back to England tu sentiras le froid quand tu rentreras en Angleterre ; I felt the house shake j'ai senti la maison qui tremblait ; I felt something crawl(ing) up my arm j'ai senti quelque chose qui grimpait le long de mon bras ; I can feel it getting warmer je sens que ça se réchauffe ; I felt the tablets doing me good j'ai senti que les cachets me faisaient du bien ;4 ( touch deliberately) tâter, toucher [carving, texture, washing, leaf, cloth] ; palper [patient, body part, parcel] ; to feel the weight of sth soupeser qch ; to tell what it is by feeling it dire ce que c'est au toucher ; to feel how cold/soft sth is sentir comme qch est froid/mou ; to feel one's breasts for lumps se palper les seins pour voir si on a des grosseurs ; to feel sb for weapons fouiller qn pour trouver des armes ; to feel one's way lit avancer à tâtons ; fig tâter le terrain ; to feel one's way out of the room se diriger à tâtons vers la sortie ; to feel one's way towards a solution avancer à tâtons vers une solution ;5 (sense, be aware of) sentir, avoir conscience de [presence, tension, resentment] ; avoir conscience de [importance, seriousness, justice, irony] ; I could feel her frustration je ressentais sa frustration ; can't you feel which notes come next? ne peux-tu pas deviner quelles notes viennent ensuite?1 ( emotionally) se sentir [sad, happy, stupid, nervous, safe] ; être [sure, angry, surprised] ; avoir l'impression d'être [trapped, betrayed, cheated] ; to feel afraid/ashamed avoir peur/honte ; to feel like a star avoir l'impression d'être une vedette ; to feel as if ou as though avoir l'impression que ; I felt as if nobody cared j'avais l'impression que tout le monde s'en moquait ; how do you feel? que ressens-tu? ; how do you feel about being in charge? qu'est-ce que ça te fait d'être responsable? ; how do you feel about marriage? qu'est-ce que tu penses du mariage? ; how do you feel about Tim? (for a job, role) que penses-tu de Tim? ; ( emotionally) que ressens-tu pour Tim? ; how does it feel ou what does it feel like to be a dad? qu'est-ce que ça fait d'être papa? ; now you know how it feels! maintenant tu sais ce que ça fait! ; how would you feel? qu'est-ce que ça te ferait, à toi? ; what made her feel that way? qu'est-ce qui lui a fait cet effet? ; if that's the way you feel… si c'est comme ça que tu le prends… ; ⇒ feel for ;2 ( physically) se sentir [ill, better, tired, young, fat] ; to feel hot/cold/hungry/thirsty avoir chaud/froid/faim/soif ; how do you feel?, how are you feeling? comment te sens-tu? ; I'll see how I feel ou what I feel like tomorrow je verrai comment je me sens demain ; it feels like being hit with a hammer c'est comme si on te frappait avec un marteau ; I feel as if ou as though I haven't slept a wink j'ai l'impression de ne pas avoir fermé l'œil ; it felt as if I was floating j'avais l'impression de flotter ; you're as young as you feel l'important c'est de se sentir jeune ; she isn't feeling herself today elle n'est pas dans son assiette aujourd'hui ○ ;3 ( create certain sensation) être [cold, soft, slimy, smooth] ; avoir l'air [eerie] ; the house feels empty la maison fait vide ; that feels nice! ça fait du bien! ; your arm will feel sore at first votre bras vous fera mal au début ; something doesn't feel right il y a quelque chose qui ne va pas ; it feels strange living alone ça me fait tout drôle de vivre seul ; it feels like leather on dirait du cuir ; it feels like (a) Sunday on se croirait un dimanche ; the bone feels as if it's broken on dirait que l'os est cassé ; it feels as if it's going to rain, it feels like rain on dirait qu'il va pleuvoir ; it feels to me as if there's a lump j'ai l'impression qu'il y a une bosse ;4 ( want) to feel like sth/like doing avoir envie de qch/de faire ; I feel like crying j'ai envie de pleurer ; I feel like a drink je prendrais bien un verre ; what do you feel like for lunch? qu'est-ce qui te ferait envie pour le déjeuner? ; I don't feel like it je n'en ai pas envie ; stop whenever you feel like it arrête quand ça te chante ○ ; ‘why did you do that?’-‘I just felt like it’ ‘pourquoi as-tu fait ça?’-‘ça m'a pris comme ça’ ;5 (touch, grope) to feel in fouiller dans [bag, pocket, drawer] ; to feel along tâtonner le long de [edge, wall] ; to feel down the back of the sofa chercher (à tâtons) derrière le canapé ; ⇒ feel around, feel for.D v refl to feel oneself doing se sentir faire ; she felt herself losing her temper elle sentait la colère la gagner ; he felt himself falling in love il sentait qu'il tombait amoureux.■ feel around, feel about:▶ feel around tâtonner ; to feel around in fouiller dans [bag, drawer] ; to feel around for chercher [qch] à tâtons.■ feel for:▶ feel for [sth] chercher ; to feel for a ledge with one's foot chercher un appui du pied ; to feel for broken bones examiner qn pour savoir s'il s'est cassé quelque chose ;■ feel out US:▶ feel out [sb], feel [sb] out tester [person].■ feel up ○:▶ feel up [sb/sth], feel [sb/sth] up tripoter ○, peloter ○ [person, body part] ; to be felt up se faire peloter ○ ; to feel each other up se peloter ○.■ feel up to:▶ feel up to [sth] se sentir d'attaque ○ or assez bien pour ; to feel up to doing se sentir d'attaque ○ or assez bien pour faire ; do you feel up to it? est-ce que tu te sens d'attaque ○ ? -
76 Cartwright, Revd Edmund
[br]b. 24 April 1743 Marnham, Nottingham, Englandd. 30 October 1823 Hastings, Sussex, England[br]English inventor of the power loom, a combing machine and machines for making ropes, bread and bricks as well as agricultural improvements.[br]Edmund Cartwright, the fourth son of William Cartwright, was educated at Wakefield Grammar School, and went to University College, Oxford, at the age of 14. By special act of convocation in 1764, he was elected Fellow of Magdalen College. He married Alice Whitaker in 1772 and soon after was given the ecclesiastical living of Brampton in Derbyshire. In 1779 he was presented with the living of Goadby, Marwood, Leicestershire, where he wrote poems, reviewed new works, and began agricultural experiments. A visit to Matlock in the summer of 1784 introduced him to the inventions of Richard Arkwright and he asked why weaving could not be mechanized in a similar manner to spinning. This began a remarkable career of inventions.Cartwright returned home and built a loom which required two strong men to operate it. This was the first attempt in England to develop a power loom. It had a vertical warp, the reed fell with the weight of at least half a hundredweight and, to quote Gartwright's own words, "the springs which threw the shuttle were strong enough to throw a Congreive [sic] rocket" (Strickland 19.71:8—for background to the "rocket" comparison, see Congreve, Sir William). Nevertheless, it had the same three basics of weaving that still remain today in modern power looms: shedding or dividing the warp; picking or projecting the shuttle with the weft; and beating that pick of weft into place with a reed. This loom he proudly patented in 1785, and then he went to look at hand looms and was surprised to see how simply they operated. Further improvements to his own loom, covered by two more patents in 1786 and 1787, produced a machine with the more conventional horizontal layout that showed promise; however, the Manchester merchants whom he visited were not interested. He patented more improvements in 1788 as a result of the experience gained in 1786 through establishing a factory at Doncaster with power looms worked by a bull that were the ancestors of modern ones. Twenty-four looms driven by steam-power were installed in Manchester in 1791, but the mill was burned down and no one repeated the experiment. The Doncaster mill was sold in 1793, Cartwright having lost £30,000, However, in 1809 Parliament voted him £10,000 because his looms were then coming into general use.In 1789 he began working on a wool-combing machine which he patented in 1790, with further improvements in 1792. This seems to have been the earliest instance of mechanized combing. It used a circular revolving comb from which the long fibres or "top" were. carried off into a can, and a smaller cylinder-comb for teasing out short fibres or "noils", which were taken off by hand. Its output equalled that of twenty hand combers, but it was only relatively successful. It was employed in various Leicestershire and Yorkshire mills, but infringements were frequent and costly to resist. The patent was prolonged for fourteen years after 1801, but even then Cartwright did not make any profit. His 1792 patent also included a machine to make ropes with the outstanding and basic invention of the "cordelier" which he communicated to his friends, including Robert Fulton, but again it brought little financial benefit. As a result of these problems and the lack of remuneration for his inventions, Cartwright moved to London in 1796 and for a time lived in a house built with geometrical bricks of his own design.Other inventions followed fast, including a tread-wheel for cranes, metallic packing for pistons in steam-engines, and bread-making and brick-making machines, to mention but a few. He had already returned to agricultural improvements and he put forward suggestions in 1793 for a reaping machine. In 1801 he received a prize from the Board of Agriculture for an essay on husbandry, which was followed in 1803 by a silver medal for the invention of a three-furrow plough and in 1805 by a gold medal for his essay on manures. From 1801 to 1807 he ran an experimental farm on the Duke of Bedford's estates at Woburn.From 1786 until his death he was a prebendary of Lincoln. In about 1810 he bought a small farm at Hollanden near Sevenoaks, Kent, where he continued his inventions, both agricultural and general. Inventing to the last, he died at Hastings and was buried in Battle church.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsBoard of Agriculture Prize 1801 (for an essay on agriculture). Society of Arts, Silver Medal 1803 (for his three-furrow plough); Gold Medal 1805 (for an essay on agricultural improvements).Bibliography1785. British patent no. 1,270 (power loom).1786. British patent no. 1,565 (improved power loom). 1787. British patent no. 1,616 (improved power loom).1788. British patent no. 1,676 (improved power loom). 1790, British patent no. 1,747 (wool-combing machine).1790, British patent no. 1,787 (wool-combing machine).1792, British patent no. 1,876 (improved wool-combing machine and rope-making machine with cordelier).Further ReadingM.Strickland, 1843, A Memoir of the Life, Writings and Mechanical Inventions of Edmund Cartwright, D.D., F.R.S., London (remains the fullest biography of Cartwright).Dictionary of National Biography (a good summary of Cartwright's life). For discussions of Cartwright's weaving inventions, see: A.Barlow, 1878, The History and Principles of Weaving by Hand and by Power, London; R.L. Hills, 1970, Power in the Industrial Revolution, Manchester. F.Nasmith, 1925–6, "Fathers of machine cotton manufacture", Transactions of theNewcomen Society 6.H.W.Dickinson, 1942–3, "A condensed history of rope-making", Transactions of the Newcomen Society 23.W.English, 1969, The Textile Industry, London (covers both his power loom and his wool -combing machine).RLHBiographical history of technology > Cartwright, Revd Edmund
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77 negotiation
n часто plпереговоры, обсуждение условий; ведение переговоров- bring smb. into negotiations- enter into negotiations with smb. for smth. -
78 credit
1. n вера, доверие2. n репутация; надёжность; доброе имяhe is a man of credit — он человек, пользующийся хорошей репутацией; на него можно положиться
3. n влияние, значение; уважениеhe resolved to employ all his credit in order to prevent the marriage — он решил использовать всё своё влияние, чтобы помешать этому браку
4. n честь, заслугаan action that reflects credit on him — поступок, который делает ему честь
5. n амер. зачёт; удостоверение о прохождении курса в учебном заведенииFrench is a 3-hour credit course — по французскому языку проводятся три часа обязательных занятий в неделю
6. n амер. балл за прослушанный курс или сдачу экзаменов7. n амер. положительная оценка8. n бухг. кредит, правая сторона счёта9. n бухг. сумма, записанная на приход10. v верить, доверять11. v приписывать12. v амер. принять зачёт, выдать удостоверение о прохождении курса13. v бухг. кредитоватьСинонимический ряд:1. acclaim (noun) acclaim; acknowledgement; acknowledgment; honor; recognition2. allowance (noun) allowance; prepayment3. asset (noun) asset4. assignment (noun) ascription; assignment; attribution5. charge (noun) charge; installment; loan; time6. credibility (noun) credibility; trustworthiness7. funds (noun) account; assets; bonds; capital outlay; funds; liens; stocks8. influence (noun) authority; influence; power; prestige; weight9. merit (noun) commendation; honour; merit10. reputation (noun) character; condition; distinction; esteem; fame; reputation; worth11. trust (noun) belief; confidence; credence; faith; reliance; trust12. ascribe (verb) accredit; ascribe; assign; attribute; charge; impute; lay; recognize; refer13. feel (verb) consider; deem; feel; hold; sense; think14. trust (verb) believe; confide in; have faith in; rely upon; trustАнтонимический ряд:censure; disbelief; discredit; disgrace; distrust; insecurity; shame -
79 sujetar
v.1 to hold in place (agarrar) (para mantener en su sitio).sujeta la cuerda al poste tie the rope to the postsujetar con clavos/cola to fasten with nails/gluesujeta los papeles con un clip fasten the papers together with a paper clipintentó escapar, pero la sujetaron firmemente she tried to escape, but they kept a firm grip on hersi no lo llegan a sujetar, la mata if they hadn't held him back, he would have killed herMaría sujeta la cuerda Mary holds the rope.2 to hold.3 to fasten, to anchor, to attach, to bind.María sujetó los barriles Mary fastened the barrels.* * *1 (fijar) to fix, secure, hold2 (agarrar, sostener) to hold, hold on to3 (para que no escape) to hold down5 figurado (dominar, someter) to control, restrain1 (agarrarse) to hold on, hold tight■ sujétate, que el autobús corre mucho hold tight, the bus is going really fast2 figurado (someterse) to subject oneself (a, to)\sujetar con clavos to nail down* * *verb1) to hold2) attach, fasten, secure3) subdue* * *1. VT1) (=agarrar) to holddos policías lo sujetaban contra la pared — two policemen pinned o held him against the wall
lo tuvieron que sujetar entre tres personas para que no huyera — he had to be held back o restrained by three people to stop him escaping
2) (=afianzar)sujeta bien la ropa, que no se la lleve el viento — peg the clothes (up) properly so the wind doesn't blow them away
hay que sujetar bien a los niños dentro del coche — children should be properly strapped in o properly secured when travelling by car
•
sujetar algo a, se sujeta a la pared por medio de argollas — it is fixed o attached o secured to the wall through rings•
sujetar algo con, sujetar algo con clavos — to nail sth downenrolló el mapa y lo sujetó con una goma — she rolled up the map and fastened o secured it with a rubber band
3) (=contener) [+ rebelde] to subdue, conquer; [+ rival, animal enfurecido] to keep downes muy rebelde y sus padres no lo pueden sujetar — he's very rebellious - his parents can't control him
lograron sujetar las aspiraciones de los sindicatos — they succeeded in keeping the aspirations of the unions under control
vive sin ataduras que la sujeten — she has nothing to tie her down, she has no ties to bind her
2.See:* * *1.verbo transitivo1)a) ( mantener sujeto) to holdsujétalo bien, que no se escape — hold it tight, don't let it go
tuvimos que sujetarlos para que no se pegaran — we had to hold them back to stop them hitting each other
b) ( sostener) to holdc) (fijar, trabar)2) ( dominar) to subdue, conquer2.sujetarse v pron1)a) ( agarrarse)b) (trabar, sostener)se sujetó el pelo en un moño — she put o pinned her hair up in a bun
2) ( someterse)sujetarse A algo — a ley/reglas to abide by something
* * *= lock in + place, hold in + place, fasten together, clamp, fasten, grip, secure, clip, cinch, rein in.Ex. Most card catalogues are equipped with rods which lock the cards in place and prevent unauthorized removal of entries.Ex. It may be seen that one or more pairs of leaves, joined to each other at the back, are held in place by a double stitch of thread running up the fold.Ex. A book is physically a collection of sheets usually paper ones fastened together and protected by a cover which do form a genuine unit.Ex. The original is clamped around the left hand cylinder and a special stencil fastened around the other cylinder.Ex. The original is clamped around the left hand cylinder and a special stencil fastened around the other cylinder.Ex. The entrance door should be automatic or with a handle easy to grip.Ex. Many books were still large and solid, their blind-tooled covers secured with clasps or ties.Ex. Plastic-covered wire or metal supports are designed to clip firmly to the shelf itself or to the base of the shelf above.Ex. The men who rushed to California soon adopted a unique uniform of broad-brimmed hats, flannel shirts, coarse trousers cinched with a leather belt, and tall boots.Ex. If librarians hope to rein in escalating periodical prices, they must become more assertive consumers.----* sujetar abarcando = brace.* sujetar con algo pesado = weight down.* sujetar con tornillo o perno = bolt.* sujetar contra = pin + Nombre + against.* sujetar fuertemente = keep + a tight hold on.* sujetar + Nombre + contra el suelo = pin + Nombre + to the floor.* sujetarse a = hold on to.* * *1.verbo transitivo1)a) ( mantener sujeto) to holdsujétalo bien, que no se escape — hold it tight, don't let it go
tuvimos que sujetarlos para que no se pegaran — we had to hold them back to stop them hitting each other
b) ( sostener) to holdc) (fijar, trabar)2) ( dominar) to subdue, conquer2.sujetarse v pron1)a) ( agarrarse)b) (trabar, sostener)se sujetó el pelo en un moño — she put o pinned her hair up in a bun
2) ( someterse)sujetarse A algo — a ley/reglas to abide by something
* * *= lock in + place, hold in + place, fasten together, clamp, fasten, grip, secure, clip, cinch, rein in.Ex: Most card catalogues are equipped with rods which lock the cards in place and prevent unauthorized removal of entries.
Ex: It may be seen that one or more pairs of leaves, joined to each other at the back, are held in place by a double stitch of thread running up the fold.Ex: A book is physically a collection of sheets usually paper ones fastened together and protected by a cover which do form a genuine unit.Ex: The original is clamped around the left hand cylinder and a special stencil fastened around the other cylinder.Ex: The original is clamped around the left hand cylinder and a special stencil fastened around the other cylinder.Ex: The entrance door should be automatic or with a handle easy to grip.Ex: Many books were still large and solid, their blind-tooled covers secured with clasps or ties.Ex: Plastic-covered wire or metal supports are designed to clip firmly to the shelf itself or to the base of the shelf above.Ex: The men who rushed to California soon adopted a unique uniform of broad-brimmed hats, flannel shirts, coarse trousers cinched with a leather belt, and tall boots.Ex: If librarians hope to rein in escalating periodical prices, they must become more assertive consumers.* sujetar abarcando = brace.* sujetar con algo pesado = weight down.* sujetar con tornillo o perno = bolt.* sujetar contra = pin + Nombre + against.* sujetar fuertemente = keep + a tight hold on.* sujetar + Nombre + contra el suelo = pin + Nombre + to the floor.* sujetarse a = hold on to.* * *sujetar [A1 ]vtA1(mantener sujeto): las cuerdas que sujetan las maletas a la baca the ropes which hold the suitcases on the roof rackuna cinta roja le sujetaba el pelo her hair was tied back with a red ribbonpara sujetarlo mientras se pega to hold it in place while it stickssujétalo bien, que no se te escape hold it tight, don't let it gotuvimos que sujetarlos para que no se pegaran we had to hold them back to stop them hitting each otheryo lo derribé y ellos lo sujetaron I knocked him over and they held him downsujétalo mientras llamo a la policía keep hold of him o hold on to him while I call the police2 (sostener) to holdsujétame los paquetes mientras abro la puerta hold o keep hold of o hold on to the packages for me while I open the door3(fijar, trabar): sujeta los documentos con un clip fasten the documents together with a paper clip, clip the documents togethersujetó los papeles con una goma elástica she put a rubber band around the paperssujetó el dobladillo con alfileres she pinned up the hemsujeta la cuerda al árbol tie the rope to the treesujetar las tablas al bastidor con los tornillos screw the boards to the frame, use the screws to fix the boards to the frameB (dominar) to subdue, conquerA1 (agarrarse) sujetarse A algo to hold on TO sth2(trabar, sostener): sujétate ese mechón con una horquilla use a clip to hold your hair back off your facese sujetó la falda con una cuerda she tied up o fastened her skirt with a piece of stringse sujetó el pelo en un moño she put o tied o pinned her hair up in a bunB (someterse, ajustarse) sujetarse A algo to abide BY sthhay que sujetarse a lo que dice la ley you have to abide by what the law says* * *
sujetar ( conjugate sujetar) verbo transitivo
1
◊ sujétalo bien, que no se escape hold it tight, don't let it go;
tuvimos que sujetarlos para que no se pegaran we had to hold them back to stop them hitting each other
c) (fijar, trabar — con clip) to fasten … together;
(— con alfileres) to pin … together
2 ( dominar) to subdue, conquer
sujetarse verbo pronominal
1a) ( agarrarse) sujetarse A algo to hold on to sthb) (trabar, sostener):
se sujetó la falda con un imperdible she fastened her skirt with a safety pin
2 ( someterse) sujetarse A algo ‹a ley/reglas› to abide by sth
sujetar verbo transitivo
1 (coger, agarrar) to hold: sujétalo fuerte, hold it tight
¿puedes sujetarme la escalera?, can you hold the ladder for me?
(retener) to hold down
(fijar) to fasten, fix
2 (controlar, someter) to restrain, keep in check
' sujetar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
agarrar
- aguantar
- asegurar
- clavar
- clip
- normalizar
- prender
- sustentar
- tener
- tirante
- trincar
- atorar
- corchete
- goma
- gomita
- peineta
- sostener
English:
anchor
- attach
- clamp
- clasp
- clip
- fasten
- fasten on to
- fix
- hold down
- lash down
- pin
- pin down
- pin up
- place
- screw down
- secure
- strap down
- strap in
- tie down
- bolt
- hold
- keep
- peg
- steady
- strap
- weight
* * *♦ vt1. [agarrar] [para mantener en su sitio] to hold in place;[sobre una superficie, con un peso] to hold down; [para que no se caiga] to hold up;sujeta la cuerda al poste tie the rope to the post;sujetar con clavos/cola to fasten with nails/glue;sujeta los papeles con un clip fasten the papers together with a paper clip;le sujetó el pelo con una goma she tied his hair back with an elastic band;intentó escapar, pero la sujetaron firmemente she tried to escape, but they kept a firm grip on her;si no lo llegan a sujetar, la mata if they hadn't held him back, he would have killed her2. [sostener] to hold;sujétame esta bolsa un momento hold this bag for a moment, will you?3. [someter] to control* * *v/t1 ( fijar) hold (down), keep in place2 ( sostener) hold* * *sujetar vt1) : to hold on to, to steady, to hold down2) fijar: to fasten, to attach3) dominar: to subdue, to conquer* * *sujetar vb¿me sujetas el bolso? can you hold my bag, please?2. (fijar) to fasten -
80 encima
adv.1 on top (arriba).pásame el de encima pass me the top one o the one on topel vecino de encima the upstairs neighborvivo encima de tu casa I live upstairs from youel pan está encima de la nevera the bread is on (top of) the fridgevive por encima de sus posibilidades he lives beyond his meanspor encima de todo more than anything else2 on top of that.encima de no hacerlo bien… on top of not doing it well…encima de ser tonto, es feo on top of being stupid, he's also uglypres.indicat.3rd person singular (él/ella/ello) present indicative of spanish verb: encimar.imperat.2nd person singular (tú) Imperative of Spanish verb: encimar.* * *► adverbio1 (más arriba) above, overhead; (sobre) on top2 (ropa etc) on, on top■ ¿llevas cambio encima? do you have any change on you?4 (además) in addition, besides5 familiar (por si fuera poco) what's more, on top of that, besides\de encima top, on top, aboveestar alguien encima de otro familiar to be on somebody's back, be breathing down somebody's neckpor encima de todo above allquitarse algo de encima / quitarse a alguien de encima figurado to get rid of something / get rid of somebodytener algo encima figurado to be just round the corner* * *adv.1) above, on top2) upon•* * *ADV1) [en el espacio]•
encima de — [con contacto] on top of; [sin contacto] above•
venirse encima de algn — [animal, vehículo] to come (straight) at sb, bear down on sb; [peso, mueble] to fall on (top of) sbno sabía lo que se le venía encima cuando llegara a casa — he didn't know what was going to hit him when he got home
con su actitud se echó encima a todos sus compañeros — he got on the wrong side of all his colleagues because of his attitude
tengo que estar siempre encima de mis hijos para que estudien — I always have to stand over my children to make them work
- hacerse encimamundo 5)2) [en el tiempo] upontenían ya la guerra encima — war was imminent o upon them
se nos echó la noche encima — it grew dark, night fell
se nos viene encima la fecha de la boda — the wedding is nearly upon us, the wedding is just around the corner
3)•
por encima —a) (=por lo alto) over•
por encima de — overha nevado por encima de los 2.500m — there is snow above o over 2,500 metres
•
estar por encima de algo — [en cantidad, nivel] to be above sth; [en preferencia] to come before sthestoy por encima de él en categoría — I'm higher in rank o level than him
b) (=superficialmente)4) (=además) on top of thatte lo envían a casa y encima te regalan un libro — they send it to your house and you get a free book too o as well
•
encima de — besides, as well asy luego, encima de todo lo que dijo, se fue sin disculparse — and then, as well as o on top of saying all that, he left without apologizing
5) esp Cono Sur•
encima mío/tuyo/ etc — above me/you/etc* * *1) ( en el espacio)2) ( en el tiempo)3) ( además)y encima no me lo devolvió — and on top of that, he didn't give it back
4) (en locs)encima de: encima de la mesa on the table; encima del armario on top of the cupboard; llevaba un chal encima de la chaqueta she wore a shawl over her jacket; viven encima de la tienda they live over o above the shop; encima de caro es feo not only is it expensive, it's also ugly; echarse algo encima < deuda> to saddle o land oneself with something; < problema> to take... upon oneself; echarse encima a alguien (AmL): se echó encima a todos los profesores he turned all the teachers against him; estar encima de alguien or estarle encima a alguien (fam) to be on at somebody (colloq); hacerse encima (fam & euf) ( orinarse) to wet oneself; ( hacerse caca): todavía se hace encima he still messes his pants; por encima: esparcir las almendras por encima sprinkle the almonds over it o on top; volaban por encima del pueblo they flew over the town; está por encima del jefe de sección she's higher up than o she's above the head of department; temperaturas por encima de lo normal above-average temperatures; lo leí por encima I just skimmed through it; le eché un vistazo muy por encima I just looked over it very quickly; una limpieza por encima a quick clean; por encima de todo: por encima de todo, que no se entere él above all o most important, he mustn't find out; pone su carrera por encima de todo she puts her career before anything else; quitarse or sacarse algo de encima <problema/tarea> to get something out of the way; quitarse or sacarse a alguien de encima — to get rid of somebody
* * *= on top, thereupon [thereon].Ex. Built for King Frederick William II. in 1788-91 with the Quadriga on top, a four-horse chariot driven by the goddess of Victory, holding the symbols of victory.Ex. The inspector may enter, inspect and examine an amusement park and the amusement devices and structures contained thereupon.----* actuar por encima de {Posesivo} capacidades = punch above + Posesivo + weight.* destacar por encima de los demás = stand out from + the rest, stand out above + the rest, stand out in + the crowd.* echar por encima = top with.* echarse encima de = bear down on.* écharsele a Uno el día encima = make + hay while the sun shines.* encima de = on top of, above, atop.* estar de pie por encima de = stand over.* estar por encima de = overlay, overlie.* justo encima de = smack right on top of.* leer por encima = browse, skim, skim read.* leer rápidamente por encima = skim through.* mirar por encima = eyeball.* mirar por encima del hombre = look down + Posesivo + nose at.* mirar por encima del hombro = look over + Posesivo + shoulders, look down on/upon.* muy por encima de todo = over and above all.* pasar por encima = pass over.* pasar por encima de la cabeza = go over + Posesivo + head.* pasar rápidamente por encima de = sweep across, swing over.* poner encima = top with.* ponerle la mano encima a = lay + a finger on.* por encima = overhead.* por encima de = across, beyond, beyond all, over, over and above, beyond the range of, well over + Expresión Numérica, overarching, above.* por encima de + Cantidad = in excess of + Cantidad.* por encima de eso = beyond that.* por encima del 10 por ciento = double digit, double figure.* por encima de la tierra = aboveground.* por encima de toda crítica = beyond reproach, above reproach.* por encima de toda duda = beyond reproach, above reproach.* por encima de toda sospecha = above suspicion.* por encima de todo = at all costs, at any cost, at any price.* quitarse a Alguien de encima = keep + Nombre + off + Posesivo + back, get + Nombre + off + Posesivo + back.* quitarse de encima = shake off.* quitarse un (buen) peso de encima = get + a (real) weight off + Posesivo + chest.* quitarse un peso de encima = take + a weight off + Posesivo + mind, take + a load off + Posesivo + mind.* quitar un peso de encima = remove + burden from shoulders.* quitar un peso de encima a Alguien = lift + a weight off + Posesivo + shoulders.* sacudirse de encima = shake off.* sobresalir por encima de los demás = stand out from + the rest, a cut above the rest, stick up above + the rest, stick out above + the rest, a cut above, stand out above + the rest, stand out in + the crowd.* ¡tener + que pasar por encima de + Posesivo + cadáver! = over + Posesivo + dead body.* tratar muy por encima = scratch + the surface of, scrape + the surface.* y encima = into the bargain.* * *1) ( en el espacio)2) ( en el tiempo)3) ( además)y encima no me lo devolvió — and on top of that, he didn't give it back
4) (en locs)encima de: encima de la mesa on the table; encima del armario on top of the cupboard; llevaba un chal encima de la chaqueta she wore a shawl over her jacket; viven encima de la tienda they live over o above the shop; encima de caro es feo not only is it expensive, it's also ugly; echarse algo encima < deuda> to saddle o land oneself with something; < problema> to take... upon oneself; echarse encima a alguien (AmL): se echó encima a todos los profesores he turned all the teachers against him; estar encima de alguien or estarle encima a alguien (fam) to be on at somebody (colloq); hacerse encima (fam & euf) ( orinarse) to wet oneself; ( hacerse caca): todavía se hace encima he still messes his pants; por encima: esparcir las almendras por encima sprinkle the almonds over it o on top; volaban por encima del pueblo they flew over the town; está por encima del jefe de sección she's higher up than o she's above the head of department; temperaturas por encima de lo normal above-average temperatures; lo leí por encima I just skimmed through it; le eché un vistazo muy por encima I just looked over it very quickly; una limpieza por encima a quick clean; por encima de todo: por encima de todo, que no se entere él above all o most important, he mustn't find out; pone su carrera por encima de todo she puts her career before anything else; quitarse or sacarse algo de encima <problema/tarea> to get something out of the way; quitarse or sacarse a alguien de encima — to get rid of somebody
* * *= on top, thereupon [thereon].Ex: Built for King Frederick William II. in 1788-91 with the Quadriga on top, a four-horse chariot driven by the goddess of Victory, holding the symbols of victory.
Ex: The inspector may enter, inspect and examine an amusement park and the amusement devices and structures contained thereupon.* actuar por encima de {Posesivo} capacidades = punch above + Posesivo + weight.* destacar por encima de los demás = stand out from + the rest, stand out above + the rest, stand out in + the crowd.* echar por encima = top with.* echarse encima de = bear down on.* écharsele a Uno el día encima = make + hay while the sun shines.* encima de = on top of, above, atop.* estar de pie por encima de = stand over.* estar por encima de = overlay, overlie.* justo encima de = smack right on top of.* leer por encima = browse, skim, skim read.* leer rápidamente por encima = skim through.* mirar por encima = eyeball.* mirar por encima del hombre = look down + Posesivo + nose at.* mirar por encima del hombro = look over + Posesivo + shoulders, look down on/upon.* muy por encima de todo = over and above all.* pasar por encima = pass over.* pasar por encima de la cabeza = go over + Posesivo + head.* pasar rápidamente por encima de = sweep across, swing over.* poner encima = top with.* ponerle la mano encima a = lay + a finger on.* por encima = overhead.* por encima de = across, beyond, beyond all, over, over and above, beyond the range of, well over + Expresión Numérica, overarching, above.* por encima de + Cantidad = in excess of + Cantidad.* por encima de eso = beyond that.* por encima del 10 por ciento = double digit, double figure.* por encima de la tierra = aboveground.* por encima de toda crítica = beyond reproach, above reproach.* por encima de toda duda = beyond reproach, above reproach.* por encima de toda sospecha = above suspicion.* por encima de todo = at all costs, at any cost, at any price.* quitarse a Alguien de encima = keep + Nombre + off + Posesivo + back, get + Nombre + off + Posesivo + back.* quitarse de encima = shake off.* quitarse un (buen) peso de encima = get + a (real) weight off + Posesivo + chest.* quitarse un peso de encima = take + a weight off + Posesivo + mind, take + a load off + Posesivo + mind.* quitar un peso de encima = remove + burden from shoulders.* quitar un peso de encima a Alguien = lift + a weight off + Posesivo + shoulders.* sacudirse de encima = shake off.* sobresalir por encima de los demás = stand out from + the rest, a cut above the rest, stick up above + the rest, stick out above + the rest, a cut above, stand out above + the rest, stand out in + the crowd.* ¡tener + que pasar por encima de + Posesivo + cadáver! = over + Posesivo + dead body.* tratar muy por encima = scratch + the surface of, scrape + the surface.* y encima = into the bargain.* * *A(en el espacio): le puso el pie/una piedra encima he put his foot/a stone on itno tengo or llevo dinero encima I don't have any money on mese me sentaron encima they sat on top of mese tiró el café encima she spilled the coffee over herselfvi el coche cuando ya lo tenía encima I didn't see the car until it was on top of meel autobús se nos venía encima the bus was coming straight at o toward(s) usse me vino el armario encima the cupboard came down on top of mese le vino encima una enorme responsabilidad he had to take on a great deal of reponsibilityB(en el tiempo): ya tenemos las fiestas encima the festive season is just around the cornerlos exámenes ya estaban encima the exams were already upon usla fecha se nos vino encima y no habíamos terminado the day arrived and we hadn't finishedse nos venía or echaba encima la noche night was falling (around us)C(además): es caro y encima de mala calidad it's expensive and, not only that, it's poor qualityle han dado el mejor lugar — ¡y encima se queja! they've given her the best seat — and she goes and complains!y encima, no me lo quiso devolver and then o and on top of that, he wouldn't give it back!D ( en locs):encima de: encima de la mesa on the tableencima del armario on top of the cupboardllevaba un chal encima de la chaqueta she wore a shawl over her jacketviven encima de la tienda they live over o above the shopencima de caro es feo as well as being expensive, it's (also) ugly o not only is it expensive, it's also uglyecharse algo encima ‹deuda› to saddle o land o ( BrE) lumber oneself with sth;‹problema› to take … upon oneselfecharse encima a algn ( AmL): se echó encima a todos los profesores he turned all the teachers against him, he got on the wrong side of all the teachers(hacerse caca): todavía se hace encima he still messes his pants o does it in his pantspor encima: esparcir las almendras por encima sprinkle the almonds over it o on topla miró por encima de los anteojos he looked at her over the top of his glasseslos aviones volaban por encima del pueblo the planes flew over the townella está por encima del jefe de sección she's higher up than o she's above the head of departmentpasar por encima de algn or pasarle por encima a algn (para un ascenso) to pass sb over; (para una consulta, queja) to go over sb's headtemperaturas por encima de lo normal above-average temperaturesun porcentaje muy por encima de la media a much higher than average percentageestá muy por encima de la competencia it is well ahead of the competitionlo leí muy por encima I skipped through itle eché un vistazo muy por encima I just looked over o through it very quicklyhice una limpieza muy por encima I gave the place a very quick cleanpor encima de todo: por encima de todo, que no se entere ella above all o most important, she mustn't find outpone su carrera por encima de todo she puts her career before anything elsequitarse or sacarse algo/a algn de encima: me saqué ese problema de encima I got that problem out of the waypor lo menos te has sacado ese peso de encima at least you've got that weight off your mindno sabía qué hacer para quitármela de encima I didn't know what to do to get rid of her* * *
encima adverbio
1 ( en el espacio):
no llevo dinero encima I don't have any money on me;
se tiró el café encima she spilled the coffee over herself;
se me vino el armario encima the cupboard came down on top of me
2 ( además):◊ ¡y encima se queja! and then she goes and complains!;
y encima no me lo devolvió and on top of that, he didn't give it back!
3 ( en locs)◊ encima de: encima de la mesa on the table;
encima del armario on top of the cupboard;
llevaba un chal encima de la chaqueta she wore a shawl over her jacket;
viven encima de la tienda they live over o above the shop;
encima de caro es feo not only is it expensive, it's also ugly;
por encima over;
saltó por encima he jumped over;
le eché un vistazo por encima I just looked over it quickly;
una limpieza por encima a quick clean;
por encima de above;
por encima de la media above average;
por encima de todo above everything;
volaban por encima de las nubes/del pueblo they flew above the clouds/over the town;
está por encima del jefe de sección she's above the head of department;
quitarse algo de encima ‹problema/tarea› to get sth out of the way;
quitarse a algn de encima to get rid of sb
encima adverbio
1 (en la parte superior de) on top: pon la maleta encima, put the case on top
2 (sobre uno) no tenía encima la documentación, she didn't have her papers on her
(sobre el cuerpo) se me cayó encima el café, I spilt the coffee over myself
se echó una manta encima, he put a blanket over himself
3 (sobre el espíritu, en la mente) tiene muchas preocupaciones encima, she has got lots of worries
4 (además) besides, on top of that: se estropeó el coche y encima empezó a nevar, the car broke down and then to cap it all it started to snow
no da ni golpe y encima se queja, he doesn't lift a finger and on top of all that he complains
5 (muy cerca) tengo encima el coche de detrás, the car behind is getting too close
(muy pendiente) on top of, in control of: tengo al jefe encima todo el día, I've got the boss breathing down my neck all day
♦ Locuciones: encima de, (sobre) on, over: vive encima de un bar, she lives above a bar
por encima, (superficialmente) hablamos de ello por encima, we scarcely talked about it
por encima de, over: los pájaros volaban por encima, birds flew overhead
' encima' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
añadidura
- arriba
- cadáver
- casa
- echarse
- espachurrar
- estar
- fullera
- fullero
- hombro
- llevar
- montante
- mundo
- peso
- por
- quitarse
- saltar
- sobre
- superar
- atropellar
- mirada
- ojo
- posibilidad
- quitar
- tener
- todavía
English:
above
- atop
- bear down on
- beyond
- bob
- body
- bung
- burn out
- canopy
- cave in
- clamber
- class
- dead
- disdain
- excel
- eye
- grape
- hold
- hover
- neck
- on
- one-upmanship
- over
- overhang
- overhead
- paint out
- plonk
- rise above
- rivet
- senior
- shake off
- sketchily
- skim
- stand
- standard
- top
- upon
- bargain
- by
- capacity
- carry
- first
- get
- go
- just
- keep
- look
- nag
- nose
- palm
* * *♦ adv1. [arriba] on top;[en el piso de arriba] upstairs;un pastel con una guinda encima a cake with a cherry on top;pásame el de encima pass me the top one o the one on top;yo vivo encima I live upstairs;el vecino de encima the upstairs neighbour;tienes encima un mosquito you've got a mosquito on you;Amde encima in addition, besides;le cayó encima la responsabilidad de dirigir el partido the responsibility of leading the party was thrust upon her;el autobús se le echó encima antes de que pudiera reaccionar the bus was upon him before he had time to react;tiene a su jefe encima todo el día his boss is on at him o on his back all day longse nos echó la noche encima night fell, night descended upon us3. [además] on top of that;está lejos y encima no hay transporte público it's a long way away and on top of that o what is more, there's no public transport;voy a consolarlo y encima me grita I go to comfort him and all he does is shout at meponte algo encima, vas a tener frío put something on, you'll be cold;¿llevas dinero encima? have you got any money on you?;le quitaron todo lo que llevaba encima they took everything he had with him♦ encima de loc prep1. [sobre, en] on (top of);el pan está encima de la nevera the bread is on (top of) the fridge2. [en lugar más alto que] above;encima de la montaña el cielo se encapotó the sky above the mountain clouded over;vivo encima de tu casa I live upstairs from you;estar encima de alguien [controlar, vigilar] to be on sb's back;mi madre está encima de mí todo el día my mother's on at me o on my back all day long3. [además de] as well as;encima de (ser) tonto, es feo as well as being stupid, he's also ugly;encima de no hacerlo bien… not only did he not do it well…♦ por encima loc adv1. [sobre la parte superior] on top;por encima lleva una capa de chocolate it has a layer of chocolate on top;había ropa por encima de la cama there were clothes on the bed2. [por arriba]la ciudad tenía una capa de contaminación por encima the city was covered with a layer of pollution;por encima de over;volaron por encima de los Alpes they flew over the Alps;el sol asomaba por encima de las montañas the sun was peeping over the mountainspor encima de over, above;un precio muy por encima de lo que habíamos presupuestado a price well over o above what we had budgeted for;una calidad muy por encima de lo habitual a much higher quality than usual;la salud de sus hijos está por encima de todo lo demás their childrens' health comes before everything else;está muy por encima de los otros alumnos he's far better than the other students;vive por encima de sus posibilidades he lives beyond his means;por encima de todo: por encima de todo, hazlo con mucho cuidado above all o first and foremost, be very careful;por encima de todo, lo que más me preocupa… what worries me more than anything else…;por encima de todo, no se lo digas a nadie whatever else you do, don't tell anyone;ponemos la seguridad por encima de todo we place safety first o before everything elsesólo lo he leído por encima I've only skimmed through it;ordené la casa por encima y me marché I gave the house a quick tidy up and left* * *adv1 on top;encima de on top of, on;por encima de over, above;por encima de todo above all;estar por encima de be above;echarse encima de alguien fig pounce on s.o.;la noche se nos echó encima night overtook us2:hacer algo muy por encima do sth very quickly;leí el artículo por encima I skimmed (through) the article3:no lo llevo encima I haven’t got it on me;ponerse algo encima put sth on4 ( cercano):el final del curso ya está encima we’re nearly at the end of the course already5 ( además):lo ayudo, y encima se queja I help him and then he goes and complains* * *encima adv1) : on top, above2) además: as well, besides3)encima de : on, on top of, over4)por encima de : above, beyondpor encima de la ley: above the law5)echarse encima : to take upon oneself6)7)quitarse de encima : to get rid of* * *encima adv1. (en) on2. (sobre) on top¿cuál? el que está encima which one? the one on top3. (sin tocar) over¡salta por encima! jump over!4. (además) on top of everything / on top of thatllegó tarde y, encima, se enfadó conmigo he arrived late and on top of that, he got angry with me
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