substance

substantĭālis, e, adj. [substantia].

Lit., of or belonging to the essence or substance, essential, substantial (post - class.):

differentia,

Tert. Res. Carn. 45 fin. —

Transf., substantial, substantive:

potestates,

i. e. spirits, Amm. 21, 1, 8.— Adv.: sub-stantĭālĭter, essentially, substantially, Tert. adv. Valent. 7, 4; id. adv. Marc. 35 fin.

substantĭālis, e, adj. [substantia].

Lit., of or belonging to the essence or substance, essential, substantial (post - class.):

differentia,

Tert. Res. Carn. 45 fin. —

Transf., substantial, substantive:

potestates,

i. e. spirits, Amm. 21, 1, 8.— Adv.: sub-stantĭālĭter, essentially, substantially, Tert. adv. Valent. 7, 4; id. adv. Marc. 35 fin.

summa, ae, f. (sc. res; old gen. summai, Lucr. 1, 984; 6, 679) [summus, v. superus].

Lit., that which is highest in any thing, the top, summit, surface (postAug. and very rare):

testudines evectae in summā pelagi,

Plin. 9, 10, 12, § 35 (cf. summus, I. s. v. superus).—

Transf., that which is most important or prominent in any thing, the main thing, chief point, principal matter; the sum, height, substance, summit, completion, perfection

In gen.:

leges a me edentur non perfectae... sed ipsae summae rerum atque sententiae,

the main points, chief particulars, Cic. Leg. 2, 7, 18:

cujus rei satis erit summam dixisse,

id. Inv. 1, 20, 28:

ex hac infinitā licentiā haec summa cogitur, ut, etc.,

id. Rep. 1, 43, 67:

lectis rerum summis,

Liv. 40, 29, 11:

haec summa est, hic nostri nuntius esto,

Verg. A. 4, 237:

summa est, si curaveris, ut, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 13, 75, 2:

in hoc summa judicii causaque tota consistit,

id. Quint. 9, 32:

eam ignominiam ad summam universi belli pertinere ratus,

to the issue of the whole war, Liv. 32, 17, 3; cf.:

haec belli summa nefandi,

Verg. A. 12, 572:

solus summam habet hic apud nos,

the first place, pre-eminence, Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 15:

qui vobis summam ordinis consiliique concedunt,

Cic. Cat. 4, 7, 15:

summam alicui rei dare,

perfection, culmination, Quint. 3, 2, 1: 5, 10, 72; 11, 2, 41; 12, 1, 20: remittendo de summā quisque juris. strict or extreme right, Liv. 4, 43, 11.—

In partic.

Of a reckoning of numbers, the amount, the sum, sum total, including each of the single items, as if counted: quid, tu, inquam, soles, cum rationem a dispensatore accipis, si aera singula probasti, summam, quae ex his confecta sit, non probare? Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 193, 11:

addendo deducendoque videre, quae reliqui summa fiat,

id. Off. 1, 18, 59: Py. Quanta istaec hominum summa est? Ar. Septem milia, Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 46:

equitum magno numero ex omni populi summa separato,

Cic. Rep. 2, 22, 39:

subducamus summam,

id. Att. 5, 21, 11:

summam facere,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 53, § 131.—

Of money, a sum, amount.

With pecuniae:

pecuniae summam quantam imperaverit, parum convenit,

Liv. 30, 16, 12:

pecuniae etiam par prope summa fuit,

id. 33, 23, 9:

summa pecuniae signatae fuit talentūm duo milia et sexcenta,

Curt. 3, 13, 16:

accessit ad hanc pecuniae summam sex milia talantum,

id. 5, 6, 10:

pecuniae summa homines movit,

Liv. 22, 61, 1; 38, 11, 8; 40, 46, 16; 42, 62, 14; cf.:

census equestrem Summam nummorum,

Hor. A. P. 384:

ob parvam pecuniae summam erogatam,

Val. Max. 4, 8, 1.—

Without pecuniae:

de summā nihil decedet,

Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 30:

hac summā redempti,

Liv. 32, 17, 2; 22, 61, 2:

Marcellus decem pondo auri et argenti ad summam sestertii decies in aerarium rettulit,

id. 45, 4, 1:

quācumque summā tradet luxuriae domum,

Phaedr. 4, 4, 44;

creditor totius summae,

Quint. 5, 10, 117:

actor summarum,

Suet. Dom. 11.—

Without reference to a count, the sum, the whole:

de summā mali detrahere,

Cic. Tusc. 3, 23, 55:

summa cogitationum mearum omnium,

id. Fam. 1, 9, 10:

meorum maerorum atque amorum summam edictavi tibi,

Plaut. Rud. 1, 2, 2:

ergo ex hac infinita licentiā haec summa cogitur,

Cic. Rep. 1, 43, 67:

proposita vitae ejus velut summa,

Suet. Aug. 9:

vitae summa brevis spem nos vetat incohare longam,

Hor. C. 1, 4, 15: summarum summa est aeterna, the sum of all sums, the sum of all things, i. e. the universe, Lucr. 5, 361; so,

summa summarum,

Plaut. Truc. 1, 1, 4; Sen. Ep. 40, 13; and: summa summaï, Lucr 6, 679. —

Adverb.

Ad summam, on the whole, generally, in short, in a word:

ille affirmabat... ad summam: non posse istaec sic abire,

Cic. Att. 14, 1, 1; so,

ad summam,

id. ib. 7, 7, 7; id. Off. 1, 42, 149; id. Fam. 14, 14, 2; Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 106, Juv. 3, 79.—

In summā, in all:

Drusus erat de praevaricatione a tribunis aerariis absolutus, in summā quattuor sententiis,

Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 16, 3; Plin. Ep. 1, 22, 6; 2, 11, 25:

in omni summā,

Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 5, 5 —

In summā, at last, finally (post-Aug.):

diu colluctatus est: in summā victus occumbit,

Just. 13, 8, 8; 22, 1, 8; 37, 1, 8.—

Transf., the whole (opp. a part):

magnam res diligentiam requirebat, non in summā exercitus tuenda, sed in singulis militibus conservandis,

Caes. B. G. 6, 34; cf.:

summa exercitus salva,

the main body of the army, id. B. C. 1, 67:

solet quaedam esse partium brevitas, quae longam tamen efficit summam,

Quint. 4, 2, 41:

quaedam partibus blandiuntur, sed in summam non consentiunt,

id. 4, 2, 90.—

That which relates to the whole, as opp. to a part; with gen., the general, supreme:

(Remi dicebant) ad hunc (regem) totius belli summam omnium voluntate deferri,

the command in chief, Caes. B. G. 2, 4:

neque de summā belli suum judicium sed imperatoris esse,

id. ib. 1, 41:

cum penes unum est omnium summa rerum, regem illum unum vocamus,

authority over all affairs, the supreme power, Cic. Rep. 1, 26, 42:

is, qui summam rerum administrabat,

id. Rosc. Am. 32, 91:

ad te summa solum, Phormio, rerum redit,

Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 3:

ad summam rerum consulere,

for the general interest, Caes. B. C. 3, 51:

ad discrimen summa rerum adducta,

to a general engagement, Liv. 10, 27:

discrimen summae rerum,

id. 10, 14:

quos penes summam consilii voluit esse, cum imperii summam rex teneret,

the sole command, Cic. Rep. 2, 28, 51; cf.:

qui vobis summam ordinis consiliique concedunt,

id. Cat. 4, 7, 15:

imperii,

Caes. B. G. 2, 23; id. B. C. 3, 5:

quod penes eos (Bituriges), si id oppidum retinuissent, summam victoriae constare intellegebant,

the whole credit of the victory, id. B. G. 7, 21; so, victoriae, id. B. C. 1, 82.— Poet.:

summa ducum, Atri des,

Ov. Am. 1, 9, 37.

tābes, is, f. [root in Gr. têkô, etakên, to melt; suffix as in plebes, pubes], a wasting away, melting, dwindling, consumption [p. 1832] corruption, putrefaction; a wasting disease, consumption, decline; plague, pestilence.

Lit. (class.;

syn. lues): aegritudo (habet) tabem, cruciatum, afflictationem, foeditatem,

Cic. Tusc. 3, 13, 27:

fames lenta nos consumit tabe,

Plin. 2, 63, 63, § 156:

atrox hiems seu parum provisi commeatus et orta ex utroque tabes,

Tac. A. 12, 50:

orta per Aegyptum,

id. H. 5, 3:

per tabem tot annorum omnibus consumptis,

Liv. 40, 29, 5:

cadaveris,

Suet. Vit. 10; Luc. 2, 166; 7, 809:

corpora... seu tabe vetustas Abstulerit,

Ov. M. 15, 156:

multorum tabe mensum mortuum,

Liv. 3, 24, 4:

arborum,

Plin. 17, 24, 37, § 225:

soli,

barrenness, id. 8, 21, 33, § 79:

tanta vis morbi, uti tabes, plerosque civium animos invaserat,

like a consuming fever, Sall. C. 36, 5; cf.:

tanta vis avaritiae, velut tabes, invaserat, etc.,

id. J. 32, 4; id. Fragm. ap. Fest. p. 359; Liv. 2, 23, 6; cf. id. 7, 22, 5.— Trop.:

tabes crescentis fenoris,

Liv. 7, 38, 7:

infecit ea tabes legionum quoque motas jam mentes,

Tac. H. 1, 26; 5, 3:

oculorum,

id. ib. 4, 81; Ov. M. 2, 807:

quos durus amor crudeli tabe peredit,

Verg. A. 6, 442; Cels. 3, 22. —

Transf., concr., the moisture of a melting or decaying substance, corruption (rare, and perh. not ante-Aug.):

tabes liquentis nivis,

Liv. 21, 36, 6; cf. Sen. Q. N. 4, 2; so,

sanguinis,

Liv. 30, 34, 10:

funesta veneni,

Ov. M. 3, 49:

tinctaque mortiferā tabe sagitta madet,

poison, id. P. 3, 1, 26:

pituitae,

Plin. 7, 16, 15, § 70:

putri arboris,

id. 15, 19, 21, § 80:

cujus aceti asperitas visque in tabem margaritas resolvit,

id. 9, 35, 58, § 120.

tĕnŭis, e (in the poets also as dissyl. tēnuis, and hence sometimes written ten-vis, Lucr. 1, 875; 2, 232; 3, 232 al.; cf.

tenuia and tenuius, trisyl.,

id. 4, 66; 4, 808; 3, 243, v. Carey, Lat. Prosody, § 47), adj. [root in Sanscr. tanu; ten., Gr. teinô; prop. stretched out, drawn out; v. teneo; hence], thin, fine, close, etc. (syn.: gracilis, exilis).

Lit.

Of texture, fine, thin:

subtemen,

Plaut. Merc. 3, 1, 20:

vestes,

Tib. 2, 3, 53:

vestes,

Ov. A. A. 3, 707:

amictus,

id. M. 4, 104:

togae,

Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 32:

toga filo tenuissima,

Ov. A. A. 3, 445:

tunicae,

id. F. 2, 319:

natura oculos membranis tenuissimis vestivit et saepsit,

Cic. N. D. 2, 57, 142:

pellis,

Ov. A. A. 3, 77:

arietes tenuioris velleris,

Col. 7, 2, 5.—

Of substance, thin, rare, fine:

tenue caelum (opp. crassum),

Cic. Fat. 4, 7; so,

tenue purumque caelum,

id. Div. 1, 57, 130: aër, rare (with purus), id. N. D. 2, 16, 42; cf.:

aethereus locus tenuissimus est,

id. ib. 2, 15, 42:

capilli,

Ov. Am. 1, 14, 5:

comae,

Tib. 1, 9, 68:

rima,

Ov. M. 4, 65:

vinum,

thin, watery, Plin. 14, 9, 11, § 80; 15, 28, 33, § 110; 23, 1, 22, § 39:

aqua,

clear, Ov. F. 2, 250; cf.

sanguis (opp. crassus),

Plin. 11, 38, 90, § 221:

agmen (militum),

Liv. 25, 23, 16:

acies,

Tac. A. 1, 64; cf.

pluviae,

Verg. G. 1, 92.—

Of form, slim, thin, lank, slender, fine:

penna,

Hor. C. 2, 20, 1:

cauda (piscis),

Ov. M. 4, 726:

acus,

id. Am. 3, 7, 30:

tabellae,

Mart. 14, 3, 1:

nitedula,

thin, lank, meagre, Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 29; cf.:

canes macie tenues,

Nemes. Cyn. 137:

Gellius,

Cat. 89, 1:

Thais,

Mart. 11, 101, 1:

umbra (defuncti),

Tib. 3, 2, 9; cf.:

animae (defunctorum),

Ov. M. 14, 411; id. F. 2, 565. —

Of sounds, weak, thin: vox, Pompon. ap. Macr. S. 6, 4, 12 (Com. Rel. v. 59 Rib.); Quint. 11, 3, 32. —

Transf., in gen., little, slight, trifling, poor, mean, etc.:

oppidum tenue sane,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 22, § 53; cf.:

magnae quondam urbis tenue vestigium,

Plin. 3, 4, 5, § 32:

murus,

Cic. Rep. 4, 4, 4:

amnis,

Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 53:

aqua,

shallow, Liv. 1, 4, 6; Ov. F. 2, 250; Quint. 12, 2, 11:

rivulus,

Cic. Rep. 2, 19, 34:

sulcus,

Verg. G. 1, 68:

foramen,

Plin. 16, 36, 66, § 165:

intervallum,

id. 31, 2, 2, § 4:

insignis tenui fronte Lycoris,

Hor. C. 1, 33, 5:

tenuem victum antefert copioso,

Cic. Tusc. 3, 20, 49; so,

victus,

id. Fin. 2, 28, 90; id. Lael. 23, 86; Hor. S. 2, 2, 53:

mensa,

id. C. 2, 16, 14:

cibus,

Phaedr. 4, 13, 7:

tenuissimum patrimonium,

Auct. Her. 4, 38, 50:

opes,

Cic. Quint. 1, 2:

res (familiaris),

Hor. Ep. 1, 20, 20; cf.

census,

id. ib. 1, 7, 56:

honores,

Nep. Milt. 6, 2:

praeda,

Caes. B. G. 6, 35:

tenuissimum lumen,

Cic. N. D. 2, 19, 50:

pumex,

i. e. light, Prop. 3 (4), 1, 8. — Transf., of poor persons:

tenuis (opp. locuples),

Cic. Off. 2, 20, 70:

servus sit an liber, pecuniosus an tenuis,

id. Inv. 1, 25, 35:

fortunae constitui tenuiorum videbantur,

id. Sest. 48, 103; cf.:

locupletissimi cujusque census extenuarant, tenuissimi auxerant,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 55, § 138:

tenuis et obaeratus,

Suet. Caes. 46:

Regulus,

Plin. Ep. 2, 20, 13.—With gen.:

tenuis opum,

Sil. 6, 19.—

Trop.

Fine, nice, delicate, subtle, exact (syn.:

elegans, subtilis): tenuis et acuta distinctio,

Cic. Ac. 2, 14, 43; cf.:

tenues autem differentias (praecepta) habent,

Sen. Ep. 94, 35:

(oratores) tenues, acuti,

Cic. Or. 5, 20; so,

orator,

id. ib. 24, 81; Quint. 12, 10, 21:

aures,

Lucr. 4, 913:

cura,

Ov. P. 4, 6, 37:

Athenae,

elegant, Mart. 6, 64, 17:

rationes latiore specie, non ad tenue limatae,

Cic. Ac. 2, 20, 66:

textum dicendi,

Quint. 10, 1, 64.— Subst.: tĕnŭe, is, n., that which is subtle (opp. comprehensibile), Lact. 7, 4, 12.—

Transf. (acc. to I. B.), weak, trifling, insignificant, mean, low:

cum tenuissimā valetudine esset,

weak, feeble, delicate, Caes. B. G. 5, 40:

tenuis atque infirmus animus,

id. B. C. 1, 32:

ingenium (opp. forte),

Quint. 10, 2, 19:

tenuis et angusta ingeni vena,

id. 6, 2, 3: tenuis exsanguisque sermo, Cic. de Or. 1, 13, 57; Quint. 8, 3, 18:

in ininimis tenuissimisque rebus labi,

Cic. de Or. 1, 37, 169:

tenuissimarum rerum jura,

id. Caecin. 12, 34:

artificium perquam tenue et leve,

id. de Or. 1, 28, 129:

grammatica, ars tenuis ac jejuna,

Quint. 1, 4, 5:

inanis et tenuis spes,

Cic. Rosc. Com. 14, 43; cf.:

spes tenuior,

id. Att. 3, 19, 2:

suspitio,

id. Caecin. 15, 43:

causa tenuis et inops,

id. Fam. 9, 12, 2:

curae,

Verg. G. 1, 177:

gloria,

id. ib. 4, 6:

damnum,

Tac. A. 12, 39:

negotia paulo ad dicendum tenuiora,

Quint. 12, 9, 8:

nec sua plus debet tenui Verona Catullo,

i. e. to the author of trifling, amorous lays, Mart. 10, 103, 5; v. tenuo, II. —

Esp., of rank, standing, etc., low, inferior, common:

tenuiores,

men of lower rank, the lower orders, Cic. Leg. 3, 10, 24; cf.:

tenuis L. Virginius unusque de multis,

id. Fin. 2, 20, 66:

tenuissimus quisque,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 47, § 123:

homines,

id. Mur. 34, 70; cf.:

commoti animi tenuiorum,

id. ib. 23, 47:

si obscuri erunt aut tenues,

id. Part. Or. 34, 117:

qui tenuioris ordinis essent,

id. Leg. 3, 13, 30:

adulescentes tenui loco orti,

Liv. 2, 3, 2. — Hence, adv.: tĕnŭĭter.

Lit.

Thinly:

alutae tenuiter confectae,

Caes. B. G. 3, 13.—

Indifferently, poorly: Da. Quid rei gerit? Ge. Sic, tenuiter. Da. Non multum habet, Quod det, etc., Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 95.—

Trop.

Finely, acutely, exactly, subtilely:

tenuiter disserere,

Cic. Or. 14, 46:

tenuiter multa, multa sublimiter tenere,

Plin. Ep. 4, 27, 1:

scribere (with argute),

id. ib. 6, 21, 4:

tenuiter et argute multa disserit,

Gell. 6, 2, 6.— Comp.:

illae (argumentationes) tenuius et acutius et subtilius tractantur,

Cic. Inv. 2, 16, 51.—

Lightly, slightly, superficially:

mihi nimium tenuiter Siculorum erga te voluntatis argumenta colligere videor,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 65, § 157; Auct. Her. 3, 8, 15; 4, 36, 48.— Sup.:

tenuissime aestimare,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 16, § 35.

tĕnŭis, e (in the poets also as dissyl. tēnuis, and hence sometimes written ten-vis, Lucr. 1, 875; 2, 232; 3, 232 al.; cf.

tenuia and tenuius, trisyl.,

id. 4, 66; 4, 808; 3, 243, v. Carey, Lat. Prosody, § 47), adj. [root in Sanscr. tanu; ten., Gr. teinô; prop. stretched out, drawn out; v. teneo; hence], thin, fine, close, etc. (syn.: gracilis, exilis).

Lit.

Of texture, fine, thin:

subtemen,

Plaut. Merc. 3, 1, 20:

vestes,

Tib. 2, 3, 53:

vestes,

Ov. A. A. 3, 707:

amictus,

id. M. 4, 104:

togae,

Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 32:

toga filo tenuissima,

Ov. A. A. 3, 445:

tunicae,

id. F. 2, 319:

natura oculos membranis tenuissimis vestivit et saepsit,

Cic. N. D. 2, 57, 142:

pellis,

Ov. A. A. 3, 77:

arietes tenuioris velleris,

Col. 7, 2, 5.—

Of substance, thin, rare, fine:

tenue caelum (opp. crassum),

Cic. Fat. 4, 7; so,

tenue purumque caelum,

id. Div. 1, 57, 130: aër, rare (with purus), id. N. D. 2, 16, 42; cf.:

aethereus locus tenuissimus est,

id. ib. 2, 15, 42:

capilli,

Ov. Am. 1, 14, 5:

comae,

Tib. 1, 9, 68:

rima,

Ov. M. 4, 65:

vinum,

thin, watery, Plin. 14, 9, 11, § 80; 15, 28, 33, § 110; 23, 1, 22, § 39:

aqua,

clear, Ov. F. 2, 250; cf.

sanguis (opp. crassus),

Plin. 11, 38, 90, § 221:

agmen (militum),

Liv. 25, 23, 16:

acies,

Tac. A. 1, 64; cf.

pluviae,

Verg. G. 1, 92.—

Of form, slim, thin, lank, slender, fine:

penna,

Hor. C. 2, 20, 1:

cauda (piscis),

Ov. M. 4, 726:

acus,

id. Am. 3, 7, 30:

tabellae,

Mart. 14, 3, 1:

nitedula,

thin, lank, meagre, Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 29; cf.:

canes macie tenues,

Nemes. Cyn. 137:

Gellius,

Cat. 89, 1:

Thais,

Mart. 11, 101, 1:

umbra (defuncti),

Tib. 3, 2, 9; cf.:

animae (defunctorum),

Ov. M. 14, 411; id. F. 2, 565. —

Of sounds, weak, thin: vox, Pompon. ap. Macr. S. 6, 4, 12 (Com. Rel. v. 59 Rib.); Quint. 11, 3, 32. —

Transf., in gen., little, slight, trifling, poor, mean, etc.:

oppidum tenue sane,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 22, § 53; cf.:

magnae quondam urbis tenue vestigium,

Plin. 3, 4, 5, § 32:

murus,

Cic. Rep. 4, 4, 4:

amnis,

Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 53:

aqua,

shallow, Liv. 1, 4, 6; Ov. F. 2, 250; Quint. 12, 2, 11:

rivulus,

Cic. Rep. 2, 19, 34:

sulcus,

Verg. G. 1, 68:

foramen,

Plin. 16, 36, 66, § 165:

intervallum,

id. 31, 2, 2, § 4:

insignis tenui fronte Lycoris,

Hor. C. 1, 33, 5:

tenuem victum antefert copioso,

Cic. Tusc. 3, 20, 49; so,

victus,

id. Fin. 2, 28, 90; id. Lael. 23, 86; Hor. S. 2, 2, 53:

mensa,

id. C. 2, 16, 14:

cibus,

Phaedr. 4, 13, 7:

tenuissimum patrimonium,

Auct. Her. 4, 38, 50:

opes,

Cic. Quint. 1, 2:

res (familiaris),

Hor. Ep. 1, 20, 20; cf.

census,

id. ib. 1, 7, 56:

honores,

Nep. Milt. 6, 2:

praeda,

Caes. B. G. 6, 35:

tenuissimum lumen,

Cic. N. D. 2, 19, 50:

pumex,

i. e. light, Prop. 3 (4), 1, 8. — Transf., of poor persons:

tenuis (opp. locuples),

Cic. Off. 2, 20, 70:

servus sit an liber, pecuniosus an tenuis,

id. Inv. 1, 25, 35:

fortunae constitui tenuiorum videbantur,

id. Sest. 48, 103; cf.:

locupletissimi cujusque census extenuarant, tenuissimi auxerant,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 55, § 138:

tenuis et obaeratus,

Suet. Caes. 46:

Regulus,

Plin. Ep. 2, 20, 13.—With gen.:

tenuis opum,

Sil. 6, 19.—

Trop.

Fine, nice, delicate, subtle, exact (syn.:

elegans, subtilis): tenuis et acuta distinctio,

Cic. Ac. 2, 14, 43; cf.:

tenues autem differentias (praecepta) habent,

Sen. Ep. 94, 35:

(oratores) tenues, acuti,

Cic. Or. 5, 20; so,

orator,

id. ib. 24, 81; Quint. 12, 10, 21:

aures,

Lucr. 4, 913:

cura,

Ov. P. 4, 6, 37:

Athenae,

elegant, Mart. 6, 64, 17:

rationes latiore specie, non ad tenue limatae,

Cic. Ac. 2, 20, 66:

textum dicendi,

Quint. 10, 1, 64.— Subst.: tĕnŭe, is, n., that which is subtle (opp. comprehensibile), Lact. 7, 4, 12.—

Transf. (acc. to I. B.), weak, trifling, insignificant, mean, low:

cum tenuissimā valetudine esset,

weak, feeble, delicate, Caes. B. G. 5, 40:

tenuis atque infirmus animus,

id. B. C. 1, 32:

ingenium (opp. forte),

Quint. 10, 2, 19:

tenuis et angusta ingeni vena,

id. 6, 2, 3: tenuis exsanguisque sermo, Cic. de Or. 1, 13, 57; Quint. 8, 3, 18:

in ininimis tenuissimisque rebus labi,

Cic. de Or. 1, 37, 169:

tenuissimarum rerum jura,

id. Caecin. 12, 34:

artificium perquam tenue et leve,

id. de Or. 1, 28, 129:

grammatica, ars tenuis ac jejuna,

Quint. 1, 4, 5:

inanis et tenuis spes,

Cic. Rosc. Com. 14, 43; cf.:

spes tenuior,

id. Att. 3, 19, 2:

suspitio,

id. Caecin. 15, 43:

causa tenuis et inops,

id. Fam. 9, 12, 2:

curae,

Verg. G. 1, 177:

gloria,

id. ib. 4, 6:

damnum,

Tac. A. 12, 39:

negotia paulo ad dicendum tenuiora,

Quint. 12, 9, 8:

nec sua plus debet tenui Verona Catullo,

i. e. to the author of trifling, amorous lays, Mart. 10, 103, 5; v. tenuo, II. —

Esp., of rank, standing, etc., low, inferior, common:

tenuiores,

men of lower rank, the lower orders, Cic. Leg. 3, 10, 24; cf.:

tenuis L. Virginius unusque de multis,

id. Fin. 2, 20, 66:

tenuissimus quisque,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 47, § 123:

homines,

id. Mur. 34, 70; cf.:

commoti animi tenuiorum,

id. ib. 23, 47:

si obscuri erunt aut tenues,

id. Part. Or. 34, 117:

qui tenuioris ordinis essent,

id. Leg. 3, 13, 30:

adulescentes tenui loco orti,

Liv. 2, 3, 2. — Hence, adv.: tĕnŭĭter.

Lit.

Thinly:

alutae tenuiter confectae,

Caes. B. G. 3, 13.—

Indifferently, poorly: Da. Quid rei gerit? Ge. Sic, tenuiter. Da. Non multum habet, Quod det, etc., Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 95.—

Trop.

Finely, acutely, exactly, subtilely:

tenuiter disserere,

Cic. Or. 14, 46:

tenuiter multa, multa sublimiter tenere,

Plin. Ep. 4, 27, 1:

scribere (with argute),

id. ib. 6, 21, 4:

tenuiter et argute multa disserit,

Gell. 6, 2, 6.— Comp.:

illae (argumentationes) tenuius et acutius et subtilius tractantur,

Cic. Inv. 2, 16, 51.—

Lightly, slightly, superficially:

mihi nimium tenuiter Siculorum erga te voluntatis argumenta colligere videor,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 65, § 157; Auct. Her. 3, 8, 15; 4, 36, 48.— Sup.:

tenuissime aestimare,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 16, § 35.

tĕnŭis, e (in the poets also as dissyl. tēnuis, and hence sometimes written ten-vis, Lucr. 1, 875; 2, 232; 3, 232 al.; cf.

tenuia and tenuius, trisyl.,

id. 4, 66; 4, 808; 3, 243, v. Carey, Lat. Prosody, § 47), adj. [root in Sanscr. tanu; ten., Gr. teinô; prop. stretched out, drawn out; v. teneo; hence], thin, fine, close, etc. (syn.: gracilis, exilis).

Lit.

Of texture, fine, thin:

subtemen,

Plaut. Merc. 3, 1, 20:

vestes,

Tib. 2, 3, 53:

vestes,

Ov. A. A. 3, 707:

amictus,

id. M. 4, 104:

togae,

Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 32:

toga filo tenuissima,

Ov. A. A. 3, 445:

tunicae,

id. F. 2, 319:

natura oculos membranis tenuissimis vestivit et saepsit,

Cic. N. D. 2, 57, 142:

pellis,

Ov. A. A. 3, 77:

arietes tenuioris velleris,

Col. 7, 2, 5.—

Of substance, thin, rare, fine:

tenue caelum (opp. crassum),

Cic. Fat. 4, 7; so,

tenue purumque caelum,

id. Div. 1, 57, 130: aër, rare (with purus), id. N. D. 2, 16, 42; cf.:

aethereus locus tenuissimus est,

id. ib. 2, 15, 42:

capilli,

Ov. Am. 1, 14, 5:

comae,

Tib. 1, 9, 68:

rima,

Ov. M. 4, 65:

vinum,

thin, watery, Plin. 14, 9, 11, § 80; 15, 28, 33, § 110; 23, 1, 22, § 39:

aqua,

clear, Ov. F. 2, 250; cf.

sanguis (opp. crassus),

Plin. 11, 38, 90, § 221:

agmen (militum),

Liv. 25, 23, 16:

acies,

Tac. A. 1, 64; cf.

pluviae,

Verg. G. 1, 92.—

Of form, slim, thin, lank, slender, fine:

penna,

Hor. C. 2, 20, 1:

cauda (piscis),

Ov. M. 4, 726:

acus,

id. Am. 3, 7, 30:

tabellae,

Mart. 14, 3, 1:

nitedula,

thin, lank, meagre, Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 29; cf.:

canes macie tenues,

Nemes. Cyn. 137:

Gellius,

Cat. 89, 1:

Thais,

Mart. 11, 101, 1:

umbra (defuncti),

Tib. 3, 2, 9; cf.:

animae (defunctorum),

Ov. M. 14, 411; id. F. 2, 565. —

Of sounds, weak, thin: vox, Pompon. ap. Macr. S. 6, 4, 12 (Com. Rel. v. 59 Rib.); Quint. 11, 3, 32. —

Transf., in gen., little, slight, trifling, poor, mean, etc.:

oppidum tenue sane,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 22, § 53; cf.:

magnae quondam urbis tenue vestigium,

Plin. 3, 4, 5, § 32:

murus,

Cic. Rep. 4, 4, 4:

amnis,

Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 53:

aqua,

shallow, Liv. 1, 4, 6; Ov. F. 2, 250; Quint. 12, 2, 11:

rivulus,

Cic. Rep. 2, 19, 34:

sulcus,

Verg. G. 1, 68:

foramen,

Plin. 16, 36, 66, § 165:

intervallum,

id. 31, 2, 2, § 4:

insignis tenui fronte Lycoris,

Hor. C. 1, 33, 5:

tenuem victum antefert copioso,

Cic. Tusc. 3, 20, 49; so,

victus,

id. Fin. 2, 28, 90; id. Lael. 23, 86; Hor. S. 2, 2, 53:

mensa,

id. C. 2, 16, 14:

cibus,

Phaedr. 4, 13, 7:

tenuissimum patrimonium,

Auct. Her. 4, 38, 50:

opes,

Cic. Quint. 1, 2:

res (familiaris),

Hor. Ep. 1, 20, 20; cf.

census,

id. ib. 1, 7, 56:

honores,

Nep. Milt. 6, 2:

praeda,

Caes. B. G. 6, 35:

tenuissimum lumen,

Cic. N. D. 2, 19, 50:

pumex,

i. e. light, Prop. 3 (4), 1, 8. — Transf., of poor persons:

tenuis (opp. locuples),

Cic. Off. 2, 20, 70:

servus sit an liber, pecuniosus an tenuis,

id. Inv. 1, 25, 35:

fortunae constitui tenuiorum videbantur,

id. Sest. 48, 103; cf.:

locupletissimi cujusque census extenuarant, tenuissimi auxerant,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 55, § 138:

tenuis et obaeratus,

Suet. Caes. 46:

Regulus,

Plin. Ep. 2, 20, 13.—With gen.:

tenuis opum,

Sil. 6, 19.—

Trop.

Fine, nice, delicate, subtle, exact (syn.:

elegans, subtilis): tenuis et acuta distinctio,

Cic. Ac. 2, 14, 43; cf.:

tenues autem differentias (praecepta) habent,

Sen. Ep. 94, 35:

(oratores) tenues, acuti,

Cic. Or. 5, 20; so,

orator,

id. ib. 24, 81; Quint. 12, 10, 21:

aures,

Lucr. 4, 913:

cura,

Ov. P. 4, 6, 37:

Athenae,

elegant, Mart. 6, 64, 17:

rationes latiore specie, non ad tenue limatae,

Cic. Ac. 2, 20, 66:

textum dicendi,

Quint. 10, 1, 64.— Subst.: tĕnŭe, is, n., that which is subtle (opp. comprehensibile), Lact. 7, 4, 12.—

Transf. (acc. to I. B.), weak, trifling, insignificant, mean, low:

cum tenuissimā valetudine esset,

weak, feeble, delicate, Caes. B. G. 5, 40:

tenuis atque infirmus animus,

id. B. C. 1, 32:

ingenium (opp. forte),

Quint. 10, 2, 19:

tenuis et angusta ingeni vena,

id. 6, 2, 3: tenuis exsanguisque sermo, Cic. de Or. 1, 13, 57; Quint. 8, 3, 18:

in ininimis tenuissimisque rebus labi,

Cic. de Or. 1, 37, 169:

tenuissimarum rerum jura,

id. Caecin. 12, 34:

artificium perquam tenue et leve,

id. de Or. 1, 28, 129:

grammatica, ars tenuis ac jejuna,

Quint. 1, 4, 5:

inanis et tenuis spes,

Cic. Rosc. Com. 14, 43; cf.:

spes tenuior,

id. Att. 3, 19, 2:

suspitio,

id. Caecin. 15, 43:

causa tenuis et inops,

id. Fam. 9, 12, 2:

curae,

Verg. G. 1, 177:

gloria,

id. ib. 4, 6:

damnum,

Tac. A. 12, 39:

negotia paulo ad dicendum tenuiora,

Quint. 12, 9, 8:

nec sua plus debet tenui Verona Catullo,

i. e. to the author of trifling, amorous lays, Mart. 10, 103, 5; v. tenuo, II. —

Esp., of rank, standing, etc., low, inferior, common:

tenuiores,

men of lower rank, the lower orders, Cic. Leg. 3, 10, 24; cf.:

tenuis L. Virginius unusque de multis,

id. Fin. 2, 20, 66:

tenuissimus quisque,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 47, § 123:

homines,

id. Mur. 34, 70; cf.:

commoti animi tenuiorum,

id. ib. 23, 47:

si obscuri erunt aut tenues,

id. Part. Or. 34, 117:

qui tenuioris ordinis essent,

id. Leg. 3, 13, 30:

adulescentes tenui loco orti,

Liv. 2, 3, 2. — Hence, adv.: tĕnŭĭter.

Lit.

Thinly:

alutae tenuiter confectae,

Caes. B. G. 3, 13.—

Indifferently, poorly: Da. Quid rei gerit? Ge. Sic, tenuiter. Da. Non multum habet, Quod det, etc., Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 95.—

Trop.

Finely, acutely, exactly, subtilely:

tenuiter disserere,

Cic. Or. 14, 46:

tenuiter multa, multa sublimiter tenere,

Plin. Ep. 4, 27, 1:

scribere (with argute),

id. ib. 6, 21, 4:

tenuiter et argute multa disserit,

Gell. 6, 2, 6.— Comp.:

illae (argumentationes) tenuius et acutius et subtilius tractantur,

Cic. Inv. 2, 16, 51.—

Lightly, slightly, superficially:

mihi nimium tenuiter Siculorum erga te voluntatis argumenta colligere videor,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 65, § 157; Auct. Her. 3, 8, 15; 4, 36, 48.— Sup.:

tenuissime aestimare,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 16, § 35.

umbra, ae, f. [etym. dub.; Curt. compares Sanscr. ambara, an encircling], a shade, shadow.

Lit.:

cum usque quaque umbra est, tamen Sol semper hic est,

Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 79:

illa platanus, cujus umbram secutus est Socrates,

Cic. de Or. 1, 7, 28:

fiebat, ut incideret luna in eam metam, quae esset umbra terrae, etc.,

id. Rep. 1, 14, 22; cf. id. Div. 2, 6, 17:

colles... afferunt umbram vallibus,

id. Rep. 2, 6, 11:

nox Involvens umbrā magnā terramque polumque,

Verg. A. 2, 251:

spissis noctis se condidit umbris,

id. ib. 2, 621:

majoresque cadunt altis de montibus umbrae,

id. E. 1, 84; 5, 70:

pampineae,

id. ib. 7, 58:

certum est mihi, quasi umbra, quoquo ibis tu, te persequi,

Plaut. Cas. 1, 4; cf. id. Most. 3, 2, 82.—Prov.: umbras timere, to be afraid of shadows, i. e. to fear without cause, Cic. Att. 15, 20, 4:

umbram suam metuere,

Q. Cic. Petit. Cons. 2, 9:

ipse meas solus, quod nil est, aemulor umbras,

Prop. 2, 34 (3, 32), 19.—

Transf.

In painting, the dark part of a painting, shade, shadow:

quam multa vident pictores in umbris et in eminentiā, quae nos non videmus!

Cic. Ac. 2, 7, 20; so (opp. lumen) Plin. 35, 5, 11, § 29; 35, 11, 40, § 131; 33, 3, 57, § 163.—

A shade, ghost of a dead person ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose; cf.:

Manes, Lemures): nos ubi decidimus, Quo dives Tullus et Ancus, Pulvis et umbra sumus,

Hor. C. 4, 7, 16:

ne forte animas Acherunte reamur Effugere aut umbras inter vivos volitare,

Lucr. 4, 38; cf.:

cornea (porta), quā veris facilis datur exitus umbris,

Verg. A. 6, 894; Tib. 3, 2, 9; Verg. A. 5, 734; Hor. C. 2, 13, 30; id. S. 1, 8, 41; Plin. 30, 2, 6, § 18; Suet. Calig. 59 al.:

Umbrarum rex,

i. e. Pluto, Ov. M. 7, 249; so,

dominus,

id. ib. 10, 16.— In the plur. umbrae, of a single dead person:

matris agitabitur umbris,

Ov. M. 9, 410; 8, 476; 6, 541; Verg. A. 6, 510; 10, 519 al.—

Like the Greek skia, an uninvited guest, whom an invited one brings with him (cf. parasitus), Hor. S. 2, 8, 22; id. Ep. 1, 5, 28; Plaut. Pers. 2, 4, 27; so, of an attendant:

luxuriae,

Cic. Mur. 6, 13.—

A shade, shady place, that which gives a shade or shadow (as a tree, house, tent, etc; poet.);

of trees: nudus Arboris Othrys erat nec habebat Pelion umbras,

Ov. M. 12, 513; so id. ib. 10, 88; 10, 90; 14, 447; Verg. G. 1, 157, id. E. 9, 20; 5, 5; Sil. 4, 681:

Pompeiā spatiabere cultus in umbrā,

i. e. in the Pompeian portico, Prop. 4 (5), 8, 75; so,

Pompeia,

Ov. A. A. 1, 67; 3, 387:

vacuā tonsoris in umbrā,

in the cool barber's shop, Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 50:

studia in umbrā educata,

in the closet, study, Tac. A. 14, 53; cf.:

rhetorica,

i. e. the rhetorician's school, Juv. 7, 173:

dum roseis venit umbra genis,

i. e. down, beard, Stat. Th. 4, 336; cf.: dubia lanuginis, Claud. Nupt. Pall. et Celer. 42: nunc umbra nudata sua jam tempora moerent, i. e. of hair, Petr. poët. 109: summae cassidis umbra, i. e. the plume or crest, Stat. Th. 6, 226:

sed non erat illi Arcus et ex umeris nullae fulgentibus umbrae,

i. e. quivers, id. S. 3, 4, 30.—

A fish, called also sciaena; a grayling, umber: Salmo thymallus, Linn.; Enn. ap. App. Mag. p. 299 (Heduph. v. 7 Vahl.); Varr. L. L. 5, § 77 Müll.; Ov. Hal. 111; Col. 8, 16, 8; Aus. Idyll. 10, 90.—

Trop., like the Engl. shadow or shade.

Opp. to substance or reality, a trace, obscure sign or image, faint appearance, imperfect copy or representation, semblance, pretence (cf. simulacrum):

veri juris germanaeque justitiae solidam et expressam effigiem nullam tenemus, umbrā et imaginibus utimur,

Cic. Off. 3, 17, 69:

umbra et imago civitatis,

id. Rep. 2, 30, 53:

umbra et imago equitis Romani,

id. Rab. Post. 15, 41: o hominem amentem et miserum, qui ne umbram quidem umquam tou kalou viderit! id. Att. 7, 11, 1:

in quo ipsam luxuriam reperire non potes, in eo te umbram luxuriae reperturum putas?

id. Mur. 6, 13: in comoediā maxime claudicamus... vix levem consequimur umbram, Quint. 10, 1, 100:

sub umbrā foederis aequi servitutem pati,

Liv. 8, 4, 2:

umbras falsae gloriae consectari,

Cic. Pis. 24, 57:

umbra es amantum magis quam amator,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 31:

mendax pietatis umbra,

Ov. M. 9, 459:

libertatis,

Luc. 3, 146:

belli,

Sil. 15, 316:

umbras quasdam veritatis habere,

Plin. 30, 2, 6, § 17; Claud. Laud. Stil. 1, 273.—

Shelter, cover, protection:

umbra et recessus,

Cic. de Or. 3, 26, 101:

umbrā magni nominis delitescunt,

Quint. 12, 10, 15:

umbra vestri auxilii tegi possumus,

Liv. 7, 30, 18:

sub umbrā auxilii vestri latere volunt,

id. 32, 21, 31:

sub umbrā Romanae amicitiae latebant,

id. 34, 9, 10:

morum vitia sub umbrā eloquentiae primo latebant,

Just. 5, 2, 7.—

Rest, leisure:

ignavā Veneris cessamus in umbrā,

Ov. Am. 2, 18, 3; Albin. Ob. Maec. 98.

ungo or unguo, nxi, nctum, 3, v. a. [root in Sanscr. ang, to besmear; cf. Gr. agos], to smear, besmear, anoint with any fat substance, an unguent, oil, etc. (class.;

syn.: lino, linio): unguentis,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 35, § 77:

aliquam unguentis,

Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 115; id. Truc. 2, 2, 34:

unctus est, accubuit,

Cic. Att. 13, 52, 1:

gloria quem supra vires unguit,

Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 22; Aug. ap. Suet. Aug. 76.—Of the anointing of corpses, Enn. ap. Serv. Verg. A. 6, 219 (Ann. v. 156 Vahl.); Ov. P. 1, 9, 47; id. F. 4, 853; id. H. 10, 122; Mart. 3, 12, 4; Hor. S. 2, 1, 7:

corpus,

Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 26:

globos melle,

Cato, R. R. 79:

postes superbos amaracino,

Lucr. 4, 1175 et saep.—Of the anointing of a Jewish king:

unctus est in regem,

Sulp. Sev. Chron. 1, 45, 5:

caules oleo,

to dress with oil, Hor. S. 2, 3, 125:

caules impensius,

Pers. 6, 68:

pingui oluscula lardo,

Hor. S. 2, 6, 64: labitur uncta carina, daubed with pitch, the pitchy keel, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1, and ap. Isid. Orig. 19, 1 (Ann. v. 379 and 476); imitated by Verg. A. 4, 398; cf.:

labitur uncta vadis abies,

id. ib. 8, 91: ungere tela manu ferrumque armare, to smear or anoint with poison (ious chriesthai), id. ib. 9, 773:

arma uncta cruoribus,

smeared, stained, Hor. C. 2, 1, 5:

tela cruore hostili,

Sil. 9, 13:

ova ranae sanguine,

Hor. Epod. 5, 19:

puer unctis Tractavit calicem manibus,

i. e. greasy, id. S. 2, 4, 78; so,

uncta aqua,

id. ib. 2, 2, 68.—

Trop., Vulg. Act. 10, 38; id. 2 Cor. 1, 21.—Hence, unctus, a, um, P. a.; prop. anointed, oiled:

cur quisquam caput unctius referret,

Cat. 10, 11:

magis diliges ex duobus aeque bonis viris nitidum et unctum quam pulverulentum et horrentem,

Sen. Ep. 66, 24:

Achivi,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 33:

nudus, unctus, ebrius est contionatus,

Cic. Phil. 3, 5, 12.—

Transf., rich, luxurious, sumptuous (syn. lautus).

Adj.:

captus es unctiore cenā,

Mart. 5, 44, 7:

melius et unctius,

Hor. Ep. 1, 15, 44:

cenae unctissimae,

Sid. Ep. 2, 9:

ita palaestritas defendebat, ut ab illis ipse unctior abiret,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 22, § 54:

accedes siccus ad unctum,

Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 12:

patrimonia,

Cat. 29, 23:

Corinthus,

luxurious, voluptuous, Juv. 8, 113:

Tarentus,

Sid. Carm. 5, 430:

pro isto asso sole, quo tu abusus es in nostro pratulo, a te nitidum solem unctumque repetemus,

i. e. sunshine and ointment, Cic. Att. 12, 6, 2:

unctior splendidiorque consuetudo loquendi,

rich, copious, id. Brut. 20, 78.—

Subst.: unctum, i, n.

A rich banquet, sumptuous feast:

unctum qui recte ponere possit,

Hor. A. P. 422:

cenare sine uncto,

Pers. 6, 16.—

An ointment:

haurito plusculo uncto, corporis mei membra perfricui,

App. M. 3, p. 139; Veg. 3, 71, 5.

vĕnēnum, i, n., orig., like pharmakon, any thing, esp. any liquid substance, that powerfully affects or changes the condition of the body, a potion, juice, drug (cf. virus).

In gen.: qui venenum dicit, adicere debet, utrum malum an bonum; nam et medicamenta venena sunt: quia eo nomine omne continetur, quod adhibitum naturam ejus, cui adhibitum esset, mutat. Cum id quod nos venenum appellamus, Graeci pharmakon dicunt, apud illos quoque tam medicamenta, quam quae nocent hoc nomine continentur, etc., Dig. 50, 16, 236; cf. ib. 48, 8, 3.—Obsolete, however, in this general signif.: qui venenum malum fecit fecerit, an old legal formula in Cic. Clu. 54, 148:

avaritia pecuniae studium habet: ea quasi venenis malis imbuta corpus animum que virilem effeminat,

Sall. C. 11, 3.—

In partic.

In a bad sense, like pharmakon (freq. and class.).

A potion that destroys life, poison, venom (cf. toxicum).

Lit.:

ipsius veneni quae ratio fingitur? ubi quaesitum est? quem ad modum paratum? cui, quo in loco traditum?

Cic. Cael. 24, 58; 21, 51; id. Clu. 60, 165; 61, 169; id. Phil. 11, 6, 13; id. N. D. 3, 33, 81; id. Tusc. 1, 40, 96:

nobis veratrum est acre venenum,

Lucr. 4, 638; Verg. A. 4, 514; Hor. C. 1, 37, 28; id. Epod. 3, 5; 5, 22; id. S. 2, 3, 131:

dare,

Liv. 40, 24, 5.—

Trop., mischief, evil, destruction (rare, and not in Cic.):

discordia ordinum est venenum urbis hujus,

Liv. 3, 67, 6: regis Rupili pus atque venenum, i e. [p. 1968] virulence, Hor. S. 1, 7, 1.—Of bad poems, Cat. 44, 12; 77, 5; cf.:

humili veneno laedere aliquem,

Stat. Th. 1, 171:

venena linguarum, Treb. Poll. Trig. Tyr. 30: lingua est suffusa veneno,

Ov. M. 2, 777.—

Lit., a magical potion, charm:

item ut Medea Peliam concoxit senem: Quem medicamento et suis venenis dicitur Fecisse rursus ex sene adulescentulum,

Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 81:

dira Medeae,

Hor. Epod. 5, 62:

Colcha,

id. C. 2, 13, 8:

Colchica,

id. Epod. 17, 35; Cic. Or. 37, 129; Hor. C. 1, 27, 22; id. Epod. 5, 22; 5, 87; id. S. 1, 8, 19; 2, 1, 48; Ov. M. 7, 209; 14, 55; 14, 403:

qui quodam quasi veneno perficiat, ut veros heredes moveat,

Cic. Off. 3, 19, 76:

id quod amatorium appellatur, venenum est,

Dig. 48, 8, 3.—

Trop., charm, seduction: aetas et corpus tenerum et morigeratio, Haec sunt venena formosarum mulierum, Afran. ap. Non. 2, 7:

intactos isto satius tentare veneno (i. e. amore),

Prop. 2, 12 (3, 3), 19:

blandum,

Sil. 7, 453; 11, 309:

occultum inspires ignem fallasque veneno (i. e. amoris),

Verg. A. 1, 688.—

In a good sense.

A coloring material, a color, dye, paint ( poet.):

alba nec Assyrio fucatur lana veneno,

Verg. G. 2, 465; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 207; Ov. R. Am. 351.—

A drug used in embalming, Luc. 8, 691.