sim-sim

frūgālis, e, adj. [frux].

Of or belonging to fruits: maturitas, App. de Mundo, p. 71, 29.—

(Acc. to frugi, v. frux, II. B.) Economical, thrifty, temperate, frugal, provident, careful; and in gen., worthy, virtuous; only in comp. and sup. (Quint. 1, 6, 17, characterizes the use of the positive frugalis for the usual frugi as pedantry):

villa frugalior,

Varr. R. R. 3, 2, 3:

tanton... Lesbonicus factus est frugalior?

Plaut. Trin. 3, 1, 9:

dedo patri me nunciam, ut frugalior sim, quam volt,

Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 3; Sen. Contr. 3, 21, 20; 5, 31, 13 al.— Sup.:

cum optimus colonus, parcissimus, modestissimus, frugalissimus esset,

Cic. de Or. 2, 71, 287:

homines frugalissimi,

id. Fl. 29, 71.— Hence, adv.: frūgālĭter (acc. to II.), moderately, temperately, thriftily, frugally, economically:

rem sobrie et frugaliter accurare,

Plaut. Ep. 4, 1, 38; id. Pers. 4, 1, 1; 6:

vivere (with parce),

Hor. S. 1, 4, 107; cf.:

recte is negat, umquam bene cenasse Gallonium... quia quod bene, id recte, frugaliter, honeste: ille porro prave, nequiter, turpiter cenabat,

Cic. Fin. 2, 8, 25:

loqui,

id. ib. 2, 9, 25; cf.:

de sublimibus magnifice, de tenuioribus frugaliter dicere,

Fronto, Ep. ad Ver. 1 Mai.— Comp.:

vivere,

Lact. Ira D. 20.

fŭga, ae (archaic gen. sing. fugaï, Lucr. 1, 1047; 4, 713), f. [Sanscr. bhug'-, bend; Gr. pheugô, phugê, flight, phuza, terror; Germ. biegen, bend. On fugere and flectere, AngloSax. būgan and fleon; Germ. biegen and fliehen, v. Grimm, Deutsch. Wörterb. 1, 1814], a fleeing, flight, a running away (cf.: effugium, exsilium).

Lit.

In gen.: quove nunc Auxilio aut exili aut fugae freta sim? Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 19, 44 (Trag. v. 113 Vahl.):

mittam illa, fugam ab urbe turpissimam,

Cic. Att. 7, 21, 1:

desperata,

id. Phil. 5, 11, 30:

dant sese in fugam milites,

take flight, id. Verr. 2, 4, 43, § 95; so,

in fugam se conferre,

id. Caecin. 8, 22:

se conicere,

id. Cael. 26, 63:

fugam capere,

Caes. B. G. 7, 26, 3:

petere,

id. ib. 2, 24, 1:

parare,

Cic. Att. 7, 26, 1:

fugae sese mandare,

Caes. B. G. 2, 24, 2:

hostes dare in fugam,

to put to flight, id. ib. 2, 23, 2; 5, 51 fin.;

for which: convertere aciem in fugam,

id. ib. 1, 52, 6:

conicere hostes in fugam,

id. ib. 6, 8, 6;

7, 70, 3: impellere in fugam,

Cic. Rab. Perd. 8, 22: facere fugam, to make or cause flight, put to flight, Liv. 1, 56, 4; 21, 5, 16 Drak.; 21, 52, 10; 22, 24, 8; 26, 4, 8; but also to take flight, to flee, Sall. J. 53, 3; 58, 4; Liv. 8, 9, 12; cf.

in Verg., dare fugam, under B.: esse in fuga,

Cic. Att. 7, 23, 2; 7, 24:

reprimere fugam,

to prevent, id. ib. 7, 26, 1; Caes. B. G. 3, 14, 1:

spem fugae tollere,

id. ib. 1, 25: exercitum fuga, formidine terroreque complere, Ser. Samm. ap. Macr. S. 3, 9, 9.— Plur. (mostly poet.):

quantae in periculis fugae proximorum,

Cic. Mil. 26, 69:

celeres fugae,

Hor. C. 4, 8, 15:

notusque fugarum Vertit terga Has drubal,

Sil. 17, 148; cf.:

fugas servorum ri det,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 121.—

In partic., flight from one's native land, expatriation, exile, banishment:

sibi exsilium et fugam deprecari,

Cic. de Or. 3, 3, 9; id. Off. 2, 6, 20; cf. id. Rep. 1, 3; Ov. P. 2, 8, 68:

latā fugā damnari,

Amm. 19, 12, 9.—In plur.:

quoties fugas et caedes jussit princeps,

Tac. A. 14, 64:

exsilia et fugae,

id. Agr. 45.—

Transf., in gen., a flying, swift course or motion, speed ( poet.):

qualis equos Threissa fatigat Harpalyce volucremque fugā praevertitur Hebrum,

Verg. A. 1, 317:

cui cesserit incitus amnis: Tanta fuga est,

Sil. 3, 307:

latumque fuga superabitis amnem,

Grat. Cyn. 378:

exspectet facilemquo fugam ventosque ferentes,

a swift voyage, Verg. A. 4, 430; cf.: (Neptunus) fugam dedit et praeter [p. 788] vada fervida vexit, gave a swift passage, id. ib. 7, 24;

but different: fugam dant nubila caelo,

hasten away, flee away, id. ib. 12, 367:

fuga temporum,

a fleeing away, flight, Hor. C. 3, 30, 5:

quaere fugam morbi,

seek the removal of the disorder, id. Ep. 1, 6, 29:

nobilis hic (equus), cujus clara fuga ante alios,

Juv. 8, 61.—

In plur., they who flee, runaways:

signa fugarum, Col. poët. 10, 125: plane fugae merae,

Petr. 45 fin. —

A place of banishment or refuge, Ov. H. 6, 158; id. P. 1, 2, 130.—

Trop., a fleeing from, avoiding, escape from an evil; disinclination, aversion (class.):

simili sunt in culpa, qui officia deserunt mollitia animi, id est laborum et dolorum fuga,

Cic. Fin. 1, 10, 33:

fuga laboris desidiam coarguit,

id. Mur. 4, 9:

turpitudinis (opp. appetentia honestatis),

id. Rep. 1, 2:

hanc ignominiam, vel exsilio vel morte, si alia fuga honoris non esset, vitassem,

Liv. 3, 67, 2:

culpae,

Hor. A. P. 31:

leti,

id. S. 2, 6, 95:

paupertatis,

id. Ep. 1, 18, 24:

pericli,

Verg. A. 8, 251:

ipsius lucis (with taedium),

Quint. 1, 3, 66:

quomodo enim vester Axilla Ala factus est, nisi fugā litterae vastioris?

Cic. Or. 45, 153.

fūror, ātus, 1, v. dep. a. ( act. inf. furasse, Fulg. Myth. 2, 6; sup. furatum, Plaut. Rud. 1, 2, 23; id. Trin. 4, 2, 22: furatus, in pass. signif., App. M. 10, p. 220) [fur], to steal, purloin, pilfer (syn.: latrocinor, clepo, rapio).

Lit. (class.):

solet haec, quae rapuit et furatus est dicere se emisse,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 22, § 60:

furatur aliquid aut eripit,

id. Off. 2, 11, 40; id. N. D. 2, 63, 157:

pecuniam ex templo,

Quint. 3, 6, 41; Suet. Caes. 54.— Absol.:

ad furandum venire,

Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 61; so of pillaging, military raids:

ille robore exercitus inpar, furandi melior,

Tac. A. 3, 74 init.;

of literary theft: ut iste in furando manibus suis uteretur,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 15, § 33:

si ego tuum (librum) ante legissem, furatum me abs te esse diceres,

id. Att. 2, 1, 1; cf. Poët. ap. Quint. 8, 3, 29.—

Transf., in gen., to take away by stealth, remove secretly, to withdraw:

pone caput, fessosque oculos furare labori,

Verg. A. 5, 845:

membra,

Sil. 10, 74:

sese,

id. 14, 561:

vultus veste,

i. e. to hide, Sen. Agam. 914:

non enim furatus esse civitatem, non genus suum ementitus dicitur,

Cic. Balb. 2, 5:

speciem furabor Iacchi,

will represent, personate, Prop. 4 (5), 2, 31:

audiendi facultatem,

to obtain by stealth, Amm. 14, 11, 15.

fŭror, ōris, m. [furo], a raging, raving (in sickness or violent passion), rage, madness, fury.

Prop.: hanc insaniam (manian), quae juncta stultitiae patet latius, a furore disjungimus... Quem nos furorem, melancholian illi (Graeci) vocant... Qui ita sit affectus, eum dominum esse rerum suarum vetant duodecim tabulae. Itaque non est scriptum:

Si INSANVS, sed: SI FVRIOSVS ESCIT. Stultitiam enim censuerunt insaniam, constantiā, id est sanitate vacantem... furorem autem esse rati sunt mentis ad omnia caecitatem: quod cum majus esse videatur quam insania, tamen ejusmodi est, ut furor in sapientem cadere possit, non possit insania,

Cic. Tusc. 3, 5, 11; id. Ac. 2, 27, 88:

ira furor brevis est,

Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 62; cf.:

fere ira et concitatio furori sunt similia,

Quint. 7, 4, 31:

hic si mentis esset suae, nisi poenas patriae furore atque insania penderet,

Cic. Pis. 21, 50; cf.:

furore atque amentiā impulsus,

Caes. B. G. 1, 40, 4; cf. id. ib. 7, 42:

Catilinae,

Sall. C. 24, 2:

versatur mihi ante oculos aspectus Cethegi et furor in vestra caede bacchantis,

Cic. Cat. 4, 6, 11:

caeci furore,

Liv. 28, 22, 14; cf. Cat. 64, 197:

rabidus,

id. 63, 38:

caecus,

Hor. Epod. 7, 13:

nec se comitem illius furoris, sed ducem praebuit,

Cic. Lael. 11, 37; cf. id. Rep. 1, 28 fin.: si decima legio ad eundem furorem redierit, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 11, 2;

so of political excitement,

Caes. B. G. 2, 3, 5; Liv. 2, 29, 11; 25, 4, 5; 28, 25, 12; Hor. C. 4, 15, 17; of the fierce passion of love, Prop. 1, 13, 20; Verg. A. 4, 101; Ov. H. 9, 145.—In plur.:

mille puellarum, puerorum mille furores,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 325; of the inspired frenzy of prophets and poets (as translation of the Gr. mania):

ea (praesagitio) si exarsit acrius, furor appellatur, cum a corpore animus abstractus divino instinctu concitatur,

Cic. Div. 1, 31, 66:

negat sine furore Democritus quemquam poëtam magnum esse posse,

id. ib. 1, 37, 88:

ille furor (Cassandrae) patriae fuit utilis,

Prop. 3, 13 (4, 12), 65.—In plur.:

fatidicos concepit mente furores,

Ov. M. 2, 640:

ad hunc impendiorum furorem,

Suet. Ner. 31.—Prov.:

furor fit laesa saepius patientia,

Pub. Syr. 178 Rib.— Poet. also in a good sense:

vidi animos, mortesque virŭm, decorisque furorem,

vehement desire, Sil. 2, 324.—In plur.:

nec tamen incautos laudum exhorresce furores,

Sil. 3, 146.— Poet., of things:

caeli furor aequinoctialis,

the raging storms, Cat. 46, 2.—

Furor est, it is madness or folly; with inf. ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

quis furor est, census corpore ferre suo?

Ov. A. A. 3, 172:

furor est, mensuram ejus (mundi) animo quosdam agitasse atque prodere ausos... furor est, profecto furor, egredi ex eo, etc.,

Plin. 2, 1, 1, § 3:

magno furor (leonis) est in sanguine mergi,

raging desire, Stat. Th. 8, 596:

simplexne furor (est) sestertia centum perdere et, etc.,

is it not worse than folly, Juv. 1, 92.—

Transf., the cause of wrath ( poet.):

non ita saeva ira mea ut tibi sim merito semper furor,

Prop. 1, 18, 15.—

Fŭror, personified, Verg. A. 1, 294; cf. v. 348; as a deity, the companion of Mars, Sil. 4, 327; Stat. Th. 3, 424; 7, 52; cf. Petr. S. 124.

fūror, ātus, 1, v. dep. a. ( act. inf. furasse, Fulg. Myth. 2, 6; sup. furatum, Plaut. Rud. 1, 2, 23; id. Trin. 4, 2, 22: furatus, in pass. signif., App. M. 10, p. 220) [fur], to steal, purloin, pilfer (syn.: latrocinor, clepo, rapio).

Lit. (class.):

solet haec, quae rapuit et furatus est dicere se emisse,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 22, § 60:

furatur aliquid aut eripit,

id. Off. 2, 11, 40; id. N. D. 2, 63, 157:

pecuniam ex templo,

Quint. 3, 6, 41; Suet. Caes. 54.— Absol.:

ad furandum venire,

Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 61; so of pillaging, military raids:

ille robore exercitus inpar, furandi melior,

Tac. A. 3, 74 init.;

of literary theft: ut iste in furando manibus suis uteretur,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 15, § 33:

si ego tuum (librum) ante legissem, furatum me abs te esse diceres,

id. Att. 2, 1, 1; cf. Poët. ap. Quint. 8, 3, 29.—

Transf., in gen., to take away by stealth, remove secretly, to withdraw:

pone caput, fessosque oculos furare labori,

Verg. A. 5, 845:

membra,

Sil. 10, 74:

sese,

id. 14, 561:

vultus veste,

i. e. to hide, Sen. Agam. 914:

non enim furatus esse civitatem, non genus suum ementitus dicitur,

Cic. Balb. 2, 5:

speciem furabor Iacchi,

will represent, personate, Prop. 4 (5), 2, 31:

audiendi facultatem,

to obtain by stealth, Amm. 14, 11, 15.

fŭror, ōris, m. [furo], a raging, raving (in sickness or violent passion), rage, madness, fury.

Prop.: hanc insaniam (manian), quae juncta stultitiae patet latius, a furore disjungimus... Quem nos furorem, melancholian illi (Graeci) vocant... Qui ita sit affectus, eum dominum esse rerum suarum vetant duodecim tabulae. Itaque non est scriptum:

Si INSANVS, sed: SI FVRIOSVS ESCIT. Stultitiam enim censuerunt insaniam, constantiā, id est sanitate vacantem... furorem autem esse rati sunt mentis ad omnia caecitatem: quod cum majus esse videatur quam insania, tamen ejusmodi est, ut furor in sapientem cadere possit, non possit insania,

Cic. Tusc. 3, 5, 11; id. Ac. 2, 27, 88:

ira furor brevis est,

Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 62; cf.:

fere ira et concitatio furori sunt similia,

Quint. 7, 4, 31:

hic si mentis esset suae, nisi poenas patriae furore atque insania penderet,

Cic. Pis. 21, 50; cf.:

furore atque amentiā impulsus,

Caes. B. G. 1, 40, 4; cf. id. ib. 7, 42:

Catilinae,

Sall. C. 24, 2:

versatur mihi ante oculos aspectus Cethegi et furor in vestra caede bacchantis,

Cic. Cat. 4, 6, 11:

caeci furore,

Liv. 28, 22, 14; cf. Cat. 64, 197:

rabidus,

id. 63, 38:

caecus,

Hor. Epod. 7, 13:

nec se comitem illius furoris, sed ducem praebuit,

Cic. Lael. 11, 37; cf. id. Rep. 1, 28 fin.: si decima legio ad eundem furorem redierit, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 11, 2;

so of political excitement,

Caes. B. G. 2, 3, 5; Liv. 2, 29, 11; 25, 4, 5; 28, 25, 12; Hor. C. 4, 15, 17; of the fierce passion of love, Prop. 1, 13, 20; Verg. A. 4, 101; Ov. H. 9, 145.—In plur.:

mille puellarum, puerorum mille furores,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 325; of the inspired frenzy of prophets and poets (as translation of the Gr. mania):

ea (praesagitio) si exarsit acrius, furor appellatur, cum a corpore animus abstractus divino instinctu concitatur,

Cic. Div. 1, 31, 66:

negat sine furore Democritus quemquam poëtam magnum esse posse,

id. ib. 1, 37, 88:

ille furor (Cassandrae) patriae fuit utilis,

Prop. 3, 13 (4, 12), 65.—In plur.:

fatidicos concepit mente furores,

Ov. M. 2, 640:

ad hunc impendiorum furorem,

Suet. Ner. 31.—Prov.:

furor fit laesa saepius patientia,

Pub. Syr. 178 Rib.— Poet. also in a good sense:

vidi animos, mortesque virŭm, decorisque furorem,

vehement desire, Sil. 2, 324.—In plur.:

nec tamen incautos laudum exhorresce furores,

Sil. 3, 146.— Poet., of things:

caeli furor aequinoctialis,

the raging storms, Cat. 46, 2.—

Furor est, it is madness or folly; with inf. ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

quis furor est, census corpore ferre suo?

Ov. A. A. 3, 172:

furor est, mensuram ejus (mundi) animo quosdam agitasse atque prodere ausos... furor est, profecto furor, egredi ex eo, etc.,

Plin. 2, 1, 1, § 3:

magno furor (leonis) est in sanguine mergi,

raging desire, Stat. Th. 8, 596:

simplexne furor (est) sestertia centum perdere et, etc.,

is it not worse than folly, Juv. 1, 92.—

Transf., the cause of wrath ( poet.):

non ita saeva ira mea ut tibi sim merito semper furor,

Prop. 1, 18, 15.—

Fŭror, personified, Verg. A. 1, 294; cf. v. 348; as a deity, the companion of Mars, Sil. 4, 327; Stat. Th. 3, 424; 7, 52; cf. Petr. S. 124.

nascor, nātus, nasci (ante-class., and in poets of the class. period also gnatus, v. under P. a. B.; part. fut. nasciturus, Pall. Jun. 7, § 8; Vulg. Judic. 13, 8), 3, v. dep. [from gnascor, gnatus, root gen, whence gigno; cf. Gr. gennaô], to be born, to be begotten (of or by male or female).

Lit.; constr. with ex or de and abl., or with abl. alone; rarely with ab and abl.

With ex and abl. (esp. with name or other appellation of the mother):

cum ex utrāque (uxore) filius natus esset,

Cic. de Or. 1, 40, 183:

cujus ex filiā natus est Sestius,

id. Fam. 13, 8, 1:

Servius Tullius ex serva Tarquiniensi natus,

id. Rep. 2, 21, 37:

ex hac feminā debuit nasci, qui, etc.,

Sen. ad Helv. 16, 6:

natam sibi ex Poppaeā filiam,

Tac. A. 15, 23 init.:

ex Thetide natus,

Quint. 3, 7, 11:

ex Urbiniā natus,

id. 7, 2, 5:

Alexandri filius natus ex Barsine,

Just. 13, 2, 7; cf.:

negantis (Domitii) quidquam ex se et Agrippinā nisi detestabile nasci potuisse,

Suet. Ner. 6:

quod ex nobis natos liberos appellamus, idcirco Cerere nati nominati sunt Liber et Libera,

Cic. N. D. 2, 24, 62; cf.:

convinces facile ex te esse natum, nam tui similis est probe,

Ter. Heaut. 5, 4, 7:

ex militibus Romanis et Hispanis mulieribus natos se memorantes,

Liv. 43, 3, 2;

very rarely with a designation of the father, and only with pronouns: ex hoc Domitius nascitur,

Suet. Ner. 4 init.:

Neoptolemus ex quo nata est Olympias,

Just. 17, 3, 14:

ex quo nasci nepotes deceat,

Plin. Ep. 1, 14, 2:

illum ex me natum,

Val. Max. 5, 10 ext. 3; cf.:

quod tibi filiolus vel filia nascitur ex me,

Juv. 9, 83.—

With de and abl.:

de tigride natus,

Ov. M. 9, 612; cf.:

de stirpe dei nasci,

id. ib. 11, 312:

de pellice natus,

id. ib. 4, 422:

natus de muliere,

Vulg. Job, 14, 1; 15, 14. —

With abl. (so usually with proper names;

and with general designations of parents, family, etc.): quos omnes Erebo et Nocte natos ferunt,

Cic. N. D. 3, 17, 44:

Hercules Jove natus,

id. ib. 3, 16, 42:

Nilo natus,

id. ib. 3, 16, 42:

nascetur Oedipus Lao,

id. Fat. 13, 30:

patre Marte,

id. Rep. 2, 2, 4:

Paulo,

id. Off. 1, 33, 121:

privignus Poppaeā natus,

Suet. Ner. 55:

Ascanius Creusā matre natus,

Liv. 1, 3, 2: Junia, Vell. 2, 127, 4:

amplissimā familiā nati adulescentes,

Caes. B. G. 7, 37, 1:

honestis parentibus,

Quint. 1, 11, 85; Sen. Contr. 7, 21, 1:

Mela quibus Gallio et Seneca parentibus natus,

Tac. A. 16, 17:

deus deo natus,

Liv. 1, 16, 3:

imperioso patre,

id. 7, 4, 5; 9, 1, 12: Assaraco natus Capus, Enn. ap. Philarg. ad Verg. G. 3, 35 (Ann. v. 31 Vahl.):

patre certo nasci,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 16, 46:

Apolline natus,

Ov. M. 15, 639: natus deā, son of a goddess, i. e. Achilles, id. M. 12, 86; so,

natus deā,

of Æneas, Verg. A. 1, 582:

matre Musā natus,

Cic. N. D. 3, 18, 45:

nascetur pulcrā Trojanus origine Caesar,

Verg. A. 1, 286.—

With ab and abl.:

generari et nasci a principibus,

Tac. H. 1, 16:

et qui nascentur ab illo,

Verg. G. 1, 434.—

In other constrr.:

post homines natos,

since men have lived, Cic. Phil. 11, 1, 1:

post genus hominum natum,

id. Balb. 10, 26:

in miseriam nascimur,

id. Tusc. 1, 5, 9:

aves omnes in pedes nascuntur,

with the feet foremost, Plin. 10, 53, 74, § 149:

ad homines nascendos vim hujus numeri (septenarii) pertinere,

to the formation of man in the womb, Gell. 3, 10, 7:

homo nascitur ad laborem,

i. e. it is his nature to suffer it, Vulg. Job, 5, 7.—

Transf., to rise, take beginning, derive origin, spring forth, grow, be found: O fortunatam natam me consule Romam, Cic. ap. Quint. 11, 1, 24; and ap. Juv. 10, 122:

humi nascentia fraga,

Verg. E. 3, 92:

cum nata fuerint folia,

Vulg. Marc. 13, 28:

nascitur ibi plumbum album in mediterraneis regionibus,

is found, produced, Caes. B. G. 5, 12:

onyx nascitur circa Thebas Aegyptias,

Plin. 36, 8, 12, § 61:

ex palude nascitur amnis,

rises, id. 36, 26, 65, § 190:

nascere, praeque diem veniens age, Lucifer, almum,

rise, Verg. E. 8, 17:

unde nigerrimus Auster Nascitur,

id. G. 3, 278:

nascens luna,

Hor. C. 3, 23, 2; id. S. 2, 4, 30:

nascentia templa,

newly built, Mart. 6, 4, 3:

Circaeis nata forent an Lucrinum ad saxum... ostrea,

Juv. 4, 140.— To rise, be formed (of a hill):

ab eo flumine collis nascebatur,

Caes. B. G. 2, 18; cf.:

nascitur altera moles,

Sil. 3, 530. —

Trop.

To arise, spring forth, proceed from, be produced:

scribes ad me, ut mihi nascatur epistulae argumentum,

Cic. Fam. 16, 22, 2:

nulla tam detestabilis pestis est, quae non homini ab homine nascatur,

id. Off. 2, 5, 16:

fateor ea me studiose secutum ex quibus vera gloria nasci posset,

id. Fam. 15, 4, 13:

facinus natum a cupiditate,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 34, § 82; id. Font. 16, 37:

visus ei dicitur draco... dicere quo illa loci nasceretur,

id. Div. 2, 66, 135:

strumae nascuntur maxime in cervice,

Cels. 5, 28, 7; 7, 12, 1 fin.; 7, 6, 4 fin.:

onychem in Arabiae tantum montibus nasci putavere,

Plin. 36, 7, 12, § 59:

frumenta nata sunt,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 63, § 147:

ex quo uno haec omnia nata et profecta esse concedit,

id. Quint. 28, 85; id. Agr 2, 33, 90:

profectio nata a timore defectionis,

Caes. B. G. 7, 43:

querelae verae nascuntur pectore ab imo,

Cat. 64, 198:

omnis obligatio vel ex contractu nascitur vel ex delicto,

Gai. Inst. 3, 88 sq. —With ut:

ex hoc nascitur ut,

hence it follows that, Cic. Fin. 3, 19, 63; Sen. Ep. 74, 11.—

Esp., of the spiritual renewal of a religious experience, to be regenerated, born again (eccl. Lat.):

quod natum est ex spiritu, spiritus est,

Vulg. Johan. 3, 6:

nasci denuo,

id. ib. 3, 7:

natus ex Deo,

id. 1 Johan. 3, 9, etc.—Hence, P. a.

nascens, entis, arising, beginning, nascent, infant, immature:

ante Periclem et Thucydidem, qui non nascentibus Athenis, sed jam adultis fuerunt, littera nulla est, etc.,

Cic. Brut. 7, 27:

eloquentiam pueris induunt adhuc nascentibus,

Petr. 4:

(vitulus) vexat nascenti robora cornu,

Juv. 12, 9.—

Subst.: nascentia, ĭum, n., organic bodies, esp. plants, Vitr. 5, 1, 3; 5, 8, 1.—

nātus, a, um, P. a., born; hence,

Subst.: nātus ( gnātus), i, m., a son; and nāta ( gnāta), ae, f. (dat. and abl. pl. natabus, where ambiguity is to be avoided, Plaut. ap. Prisc. p. 733 P.; Inscr. Orell. 7421; Phocas, p. 1707 P.; v. Neue, Formenl. 1, p. 29), a daughter; in plur.: nati (gnati), children, offspring:

caritas, quae est inter natos et parentes,

Cic. Lael. 8, 27:

bellum prope inter parentes natosque,

Liv. 1, 23, 1; cf. id. 5, 40, 3:

cum pecore et gnatis,

Hor. S. 2, 2, 115:

et trepidae matres pressere ad pectora natos,

Verg. A. 7, 518: mihi ausculta, nate, pueros jube cremarier, Enn. [p. 1188] ap. Non. 246, 11 (Trag. v. 329 Vahl.); Hor. S. 1, 3, 43:

natam conlocare alicui,

Plaut. Aul. Arg. 1, 15: o gnata, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 20, 40 (Ann. v. 46 Vahl.):

si quis gnatam pro mutā devovet agnā,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 219; cf. id. ib. 2, 3, 199: Hectoris natum de muro jactarier, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 10, § 70 Müll. (Trag. v. 130 Vahl.); so, Nerei natae, id. ap. Prisc. p. 733 P. (Trag. v. 135 Vahl.):

maxima natarum Priami,

Verg. A. 1, 654; Ov. M. 13, 661.—Esp. in the phrase natus nemo, not a human being, nobody (Plautine for nemo mortalis):

tamquam si natus nemo in aedibus habitet,

Plaut. Most. 2, 1, 55 Lorenz ad loc.; id. ib. 2, 2, 20:

nato nemini,

id. Cas. 2, 4, 15; id. Ps. 1, 3, 63.—

Adj.

Natus alicui rei or ad aliquam rem, born, made, destined, designed, intended, produced by nature for any thing.

With dat. (class.):

me credo huic esse natum rei, ferundis miseriis,

Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 6:

non sibi se soli natum meminerit, sed patriae, sed suis,

Cic. Fin. 2, 14, 45:

natus huic imperio,

id. Cael. 24, 59:

gurges atque helluo natus abdomini suo, non laudi atque gloriae,

id. Pis. 17, 41:

Judaei et Syri, nationes natae servituti,

id. Prov. Cons. 5, 10. —

With ad (class.):

vir ad omnia summa natus,

Cic. Brut. 68, 239:

natus ad haec tempora,

id. Phil. 12, 4, 9:

ad dicendum natus aptusque,

id. de Or. 1, 22, 99:

ad haudem et ad decus nati, suscepti, instituti sumus,

id. Fin. 5, 22, 63:

ad hoc unum natus,

id. Or. 28, 99:

ut ad cursum equus, ad arandum bos, ad indagandum canis, sic homo ad intellegendum et agendum natus est,

id. Fin. 2, 13, 40:

natus ad sacra Cithaeron,

Ov. M. 2, 223:

canor mulcendas natus ad aures,

id. ib. 5, 561.—

With inf. ( poet.):

quid meruere boves, animal... natum tolerare labores,

Ov. M. 15, 120: sentes tantummodo laedere natae, id. de Nuce, 113.—

With in and acc. ( poet.):

nati in usum laetitiae scyphi,

Hor. C. 1, 27, 1; Ov. M. 14, 99; 15, 117.—

With propter (rare):

apros, animal propter convivia natum,

Juv. 1, 141.—

Formed or constituted by nature in any manner:

alius ager bene natus, alius male,

Varr. R. R. 1, 6, 1:

sarmenta male nata,

Col. 4, 24, 7:

ita natus locus est,

Liv. 9, 2:

inculti versūs et male nati,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 233.—

Pro re natā, or (ante- and post-class.) e re natā, under the present circumstances, according to the state of affairs, as matters are:

ut in his pro re natā non incommode possint esse,

Cic. Att. 7, 14, 3:

Antonii colloquium cum heroibus nostris pro re natā non incommodum,

id. ib. 14, 6, 1;

7, 8, 2: e re natā melius fieri haud potuit, quam factum est,

Ter. Ad. 3, 1, 8; App. M. 4, p. 143, 38.—

With a specification of time, so old, of the age of, etc.:

eques Romanus annos prope XC. natus,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 25, § 62:

annos natus unum et viginti,

id. de Or. 3, 20, 74:

cum annos ad quinquaginta natus esset,

id. Clu. 40, 110:

cum quinque et viginti natus annos dominatum occupavisset,

id. Tusc. 5, 20, 57:

Cato annos quinque et octoginta natus excessit e vitā,

id. Brut. 20, 80; in inscr. ANNORVM NATVS, etc., Inscr. Mon. Scip. n. 7;

Inscr. Marini Atti, p. 564.— Sometimes, in order to specify the age more exactly, major or minor, without or with quam, is added: annos nata est sedecim non major,

Ter. Eun. 3, 3, 23:

minor quinque et viginti annis natus,

Nep. Han. 3, 2:

minor triginta annis natus,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 49, § 122:

homo annos natus major quadraginta,

over forty years old, Cic. Rosc. Am. 14, 49:

Dionysius major annos sexaginta natus decessit,

Nep. Reg. 2, 3:

cum liberis majoribus quam quindecim annos natis,

Liv. 45, 32, 3:

minorem quam annos sex, majorem quam annos decem natam, negarunt capi fas esse,

Gell. 1, 12, 1.—For major, minor, sometimes with plus, minus (ante-class.):

plus triginta annis natus sim,

Plaut. Men. 3, 1, 1:

annos sexaginta natus es aut plus,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 11; cf.:

non amplius novem annos natus,

Nep. Han. 2, 3.— Act. collat. form: nasco, ĕre, to be born, etc.:

ubi germen nascere coeperit,

Cato, R. R. 151 fin.

hăruspex ( ar-), ĭcis, m. [Sanscr. hirā, entrails; Gr. cholades, chordê; cf.

hariolus,

Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 202 sq. ], a soothsayer, diviner among the Etruscans, who foretold future events from the inspection of the entrails of victims; from this people they were introduced among the Romans (syn.: hariolus, augur, auspex, extispex).

Lit.:

haruspices mitte omnis,

Plaut. Am. 5, 2, 2:

quid enim habet haruspex, cur pulmo incisus etiam in bonis extis dirimat tempus et proferat diem?

Cic. Div. 1, 39, 85; cf. id. N. D. 1, 20, 55:

Etrusci haruspices,

id. Div. 2, 35, 75; cf. id. Leg. 2, 9, 21; Gell. 4, 5, 5:

cum haruspices ex tota Etruria convenissent,

Cic. Cat. 3, 8, 19:

Tyrrhenae gentis haruspex,

Ov. M. 15, 577:

quem (annum) saepe ex prodigiis haruspices respondissent bello civili cruentum fore,

Sall. C. 47, 2; cf.:

C. Mario per hostias dis supplicanti magna atque mirabilia portendi haruspex dixerat,

id. J. 63, 1:

dum sacra secundus haruspex Nuntiet,

Verg. A. 11, 739:

signaque ferre jubent: retinet longaevus haruspex Fata canens,

id. ib. 8, 498; Macr. S. 3, 5, 1:

qui de salute principis vel de summa rei publicae haruspices consulit, cum eo qui responderit, capite punitur,

Paul. Sent. 5, 21, 3. Cf., on the haruspices, O. Müll. Etrusk. 2, p. 6 sq.—

Poet. transf., a prophet in gen.:

utinam patriae sim vanus haruspex, etc.,

Prop. 3, 13 (4, 12), 59:

Armenius vel Commagenus,

Juv. 6, 550.

in-sŏlens, ntis, adj. [2. in-soleo].

In gen., i. q. insuetus, contrary to custom, unaccustomed to a thing; unusual, not in use (class.); constr. absol., or with gen.:

quid tu Athenas insolens?

Ter. And. 5, 4, 4:

mutatos deos flebit et aspera aequora emirabitur insolens (= antea insuetus tam celeris immutationis),

Hor. C. 1, 5, 8:

verbum, i. q. insuetum, insolitum,

Cic. Or. 8, 25; Quint. 4, 1, 58; Gell. 11, 7, 1; cf. in sup.: insolentissimum nomen, Quint. prooem. § 14.—With gen.:

infamiae,

Cic. Att. 2, 21, 3; id. de Or. 1, 48, 207:

belli,

Caes. B. C. 2, 36:

bellorum,

Tac. H. 1, 87:

audiendi,

id. A. 15, 67:

vera accipiendi,

Sall. H. 4, 48 Dietsch:

ruris colendi,

Gell. 19, 12, 7:

malarum artium,

Sall. C. 3, 4 al. —

In partic.

Excessive, immoderate; haughty, arrogant, insolent:

insolenti alacritate gestire,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 14, 42:

ostentatio,

id. Par. 6, 1, 42:

victoria,

id. Marc. 3, 9:

laetitia,

Hor. C. 2, 3, 3:

exercitus,

id. ib. 1, 6, 21:

nec erat ei verendum, ne vera de se praedicans, nimis videretur aut insolens, aut loquax,

Cic. de Sen. 10, 31:

ne in re nota multus et insolens sim,

id. de Or. 2, 87, 358:

non tam insolens sum, quam ineruditus,

id. Dom. 34, 92:

nihil umquam neque insolens, neque gloriosum ex ore ejus exiit,

Nep. Tim. 4:

Fortuna ludum insolentem ludere pertinax,

Hor. C. 3, 29, 50.— Comp.:

secundis rebus insolentiores,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 13.— Sup.: insolentissimi homines, Cael. ad Cic. Fam. 8, 12, 3.—

Extravagant, prodigal:

in aliena re,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 8, 23:

in pecunia,

id. de Or. 2, 84, 342.—

Unfrequented, lonely:

locus,

Pall. 12, 4, 2.— Hence, adv.: insŏlenter.

Unusually, contrary to custom (class.):

evenire insolenter et raro,

Cic. Inv. 1, 28, 43:

verbum fingere,

Gell. 1, 21, 5.— Comp.:

insolentius hac figura uti,

Gell. 10, 13, 4.—

Immoderately; haughtily, insolently:

Gorgias his festivitatibus insolentius abutitur,

Cic. Or. 52, 176:

auctorem extinctum laete atque insolenter ferre,

with insolent exultation, id. Phil. 9, 3, 7:

victoriā suā insolenter gloriari,

Caes. B. G. 1, 14:

se efferre,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 17, 39:

a sorore irrisa,

Flor. 1, 26:

dictum,

Quint. 1, 5, 9:

hostis insequens,

Caes. B. C. 1, 45.— Comp.:

se insolentius jactare,

Cic. Cat. 2, 9, 20; Caes. B. C. 3, 46. — Sup.:

insolentissime obequitare,

Val. Max. 3, 2, 21.

in-sŏlens, ntis, adj. [2. in-soleo].

In gen., i. q. insuetus, contrary to custom, unaccustomed to a thing; unusual, not in use (class.); constr. absol., or with gen.:

quid tu Athenas insolens?

Ter. And. 5, 4, 4:

mutatos deos flebit et aspera aequora emirabitur insolens (= antea insuetus tam celeris immutationis),

Hor. C. 1, 5, 8:

verbum, i. q. insuetum, insolitum,

Cic. Or. 8, 25; Quint. 4, 1, 58; Gell. 11, 7, 1; cf. in sup.: insolentissimum nomen, Quint. prooem. § 14.—With gen.:

infamiae,

Cic. Att. 2, 21, 3; id. de Or. 1, 48, 207:

belli,

Caes. B. C. 2, 36:

bellorum,

Tac. H. 1, 87:

audiendi,

id. A. 15, 67:

vera accipiendi,

Sall. H. 4, 48 Dietsch:

ruris colendi,

Gell. 19, 12, 7:

malarum artium,

Sall. C. 3, 4 al. —

In partic.

Excessive, immoderate; haughty, arrogant, insolent:

insolenti alacritate gestire,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 14, 42:

ostentatio,

id. Par. 6, 1, 42:

victoria,

id. Marc. 3, 9:

laetitia,

Hor. C. 2, 3, 3:

exercitus,

id. ib. 1, 6, 21:

nec erat ei verendum, ne vera de se praedicans, nimis videretur aut insolens, aut loquax,

Cic. de Sen. 10, 31:

ne in re nota multus et insolens sim,

id. de Or. 2, 87, 358:

non tam insolens sum, quam ineruditus,

id. Dom. 34, 92:

nihil umquam neque insolens, neque gloriosum ex ore ejus exiit,

Nep. Tim. 4:

Fortuna ludum insolentem ludere pertinax,

Hor. C. 3, 29, 50.— Comp.:

secundis rebus insolentiores,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 13.— Sup.: insolentissimi homines, Cael. ad Cic. Fam. 8, 12, 3.—

Extravagant, prodigal:

in aliena re,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 8, 23:

in pecunia,

id. de Or. 2, 84, 342.—

Unfrequented, lonely:

locus,

Pall. 12, 4, 2.— Hence, adv.: insŏlenter.

Unusually, contrary to custom (class.):

evenire insolenter et raro,

Cic. Inv. 1, 28, 43:

verbum fingere,

Gell. 1, 21, 5.— Comp.:

insolentius hac figura uti,

Gell. 10, 13, 4.—

Immoderately; haughtily, insolently:

Gorgias his festivitatibus insolentius abutitur,

Cic. Or. 52, 176:

auctorem extinctum laete atque insolenter ferre,

with insolent exultation, id. Phil. 9, 3, 7:

victoriā suā insolenter gloriari,

Caes. B. G. 1, 14:

se efferre,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 17, 39:

a sorore irrisa,

Flor. 1, 26:

dictum,

Quint. 1, 5, 9:

hostis insequens,

Caes. B. C. 1, 45.— Comp.:

se insolentius jactare,

Cic. Cat. 2, 9, 20; Caes. B. C. 3, 46. — Sup.:

insolentissime obequitare,

Val. Max. 3, 2, 21.

inter-pello, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to interrupt by speaking, to disturb, molest, etc. (syn. obloquor; class.).

To interrupt by speaking, to disturb a person speaking:

si interpellas, ego tacebo,

Plaut. Men. 5, 9, 62:

nihil te interpellabo, continentem orationem audire malo,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 8, 16:

tu vero, ut me et appelles, et interpelles, et obloquare, et colloquare, velim,

id. Q. Fr. 2, 10:

quasi interpellamur ab iis,

Quint. 4, 5, 20;

a person engaged in business: si quis te arti tuae intentum sic interpellet,

Curt. 9, 4, 28. — Absol.:

ministri, interpellando,... atrocitatem facti leniebant,

Sall. J. 27, 1; Suet. Tib. 27.—

Esp.

To annoy, importune:

cum a Ceballino interpellatus sum,

Curt. 6, 10, 19:

urbe egrediens, ne quis se interpellaret,

Suet. Tib. 40; molest, disturb one, id. ib. 34. —

To solicit, try to seduce a female:

qui mulierem puellamve interpellaverit,

Paul. Sent. 5, 4, 14 Huschke (Dig. 47, 11, 1, § 2).—

To address, accost, speak to, i. q. alloqui: verum tu quid agis? interpella me, ut sciam, Lucil. ap. Non. 331, 1;

= interjicere, interpellantem admonere,

to object, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 28, § 71. —

To dun, demand payment of, Dig. 26, 7, 44; cf. Amm. 17, 3, 6. —

In gen., to disturb, hinder, obstruct, molest; constr. with acc., quin, quominus, ne, or inf.

With acc.; of persons:

aliquem in jure suo,

Caes. B. G. 1, 44;

of things: partam jam victoriam,

id. B. C. 3, 73:

poenam,

Liv. 4, 50:

incrementa urbis,

Just. 18, 5, 7:

otium bello,

Curt. 6, 6, 12:

satietatem epularum ludis,

id. 6, 2, 5:

lex Julia non interpellat eam possessionem,

does not disturb, does not abrogate it, Dig. 23, 5, 16.— Pass.:

reperiebat T. Ampium conatum esse tollere pecunias... sed interpellatum adventum Caesaris profugisse,

Caes. B. C. 3, 105:

haec tota res interpellata bello refrixerat,

Cic. Att. 1, 19, 4:

stupro interpellato motus,

Liv. 3, 57.—

With quin: Caesar numquam interpellavit, quin, quibus vellem, uterer, Matius ad Cic. Fam. 11, 28.—

With quominus:

interpellent me, quo minus honoratus sim, dum ne interpellent, quo minus, etc.,

Brut. ad Cic. Fam. 11, 10, 1.—

With ne: tribunis interregem interpellantibus, ne senatusconsultum fieret, to interpose their veto, Liv. 4, 43.—

With inf.:

pransus non avide, quantum interpellet inani Ventre diem durare,

Hor. S. 1, 6, 127.—

Absol.: fameque et siti interpellante, disturbing him, Suet. Ner. 48.

inter-prĕs, ĕtis, com. [inter, and Sanscr. root prath-, to spread abroad; cf. platus, latus].

An agent between two parties, a broker, factor, negotiator (class.):

quod te praesente isti egi, teque interprete,

through your agency, Plaut. Curc. 3, 64:

quasi ego ei rei sim interpres,

id. Mil. 3, 1, 203:

quasi ea res per me interpretem curetur,

id. ib. 3, 3, 36;

4, 1, 6: interpretes corrumpendi judicii,

Cic. Verr. 1, 12:

pacis,

Liv. 21, 12: divūm, the messenger of the gods, i. e. Mercury, Verg. A. 4, 356; 3, 359:

harum curarum,

i. e. Juno, the goddess of marriage, id. ib. 608.—

An explainer, expounder, translator, interpreter (syn. internuntius):

juris,

Cic. Top. 1:

legum,

Juv. 4, 79; 6, 544:

grammatici interpretes poëtarum,

Cic. Div. 1, 18:

caeli,

an astronomer, id. ib. 2, 44:

mentis est oratio,

id. Leg. 1, 10; cf.

lingua,

Hor. A. P. 111:

metus interpres semper in deteriora inclinatus,

Liv. 27, 44: comitiorum, i. e. the Haruspices, who can tell whether or not the comitia are properly held, Cic. N. D. 2, 4:

portentorum,

a soothsayer, id. Div. 2, 28:

nec converti, ut interpres, sed ut orator,

a translator, id. Opt. Gen. Or. 5, 14:

indiserti,

id. Fin. 3, 4:

interpres veridica,

Liv. 1, 7.—

Esp., an interpreter, dragoman:

quotidianis interpretibus remotis, per C. Valerium cum eo (Divitiaco) colloquitur,

Caes. B. G. 1, 19:

appellare aliquem per interpretem,

Plin. 25, 2, 3, § 6:

audire aliquem cum interprete,

Cic. Fin. 5, 29:

litteraeque lectae per interpretem sunt,

Liv. 27, 43 al.

in-vestīgo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. (investigandum for investigandorum, Pac. ap. Non. 495, 26), to track or trace out, as a dog; to search after (class.).

Lit.:

canum tam incredibilis ad investigandum sagacitas narium,

Cic. N. D. 2, 63, 158:

illam,

Plaut. Merc. 3, 4, 79:

latentes conscios,

Suet. Dom. 10:

David et Viros ejus,

Vulg. 1 Reg. 24, 3.—

Trop., to trace out, find out, discover, investigate, search into:

nihil investigo quicquam de illa,

Plaut. Merc. 4, 6, 13:

quid dare velis, qui istaec tibi investiget indicetque,

id. Rud. 5, 2, 35:

nil tam difficile est, quin quaerendo investigari possiet,

Ter. Heaut. 4, 2, 8:

qui sim, nequeo certum investigare,

Plaut. Aul. 4, 9, 4:

Cibyratici canes investigabant et perscrutabantur omnia,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 21, § 47:

conjurationem,

id. Sull. 1, 3; 30, 85:

veri investigandi cupidus,

id. Fin. 4, 8, 20:

de Lentulo,

id. Att. 9, 7, 6:

diligentia inimici investigatum est, quod latebat,

id. Lig. 1, 1:

ubi Lentulus sit, investigare non possum,

id. Att. 9, 1, 2:

conatus,

id. Verr. 1, 16, 48:

perquirere et investigare homines,

Q. Cic. Petit. Cons. 8:

quae per notas scripta,

to decipher, Suet. Caes. 56.

ĭta, adv. [pronom. stem i-; cf. is; Sanscr. itthā; Zend, itha], in the manner specified, in this manner, in this wise, in such a way, so, thus.

In gen.

Referring to what precedes, as has been said, thus, so:

des operam ut investiges sitne ita,

Cic. Att. 12, 17: vidi ego nequam homines, verum te nullum deteriorem. Phil. Ita sum, Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 60:

ita aiunt,

Ter. And. 1, 2, 21; 3, 3, 18; id. Ad. 5, 5, 7:

et hercule ita fecit,

Cic. Cael. 11, 37:

factum est ita,

id. Att. 7, 8, 4:

aiunt enim te ita dictitare,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 64, § 151;

frequent in phrase: quae cum ita sint,

since what has been said is true, id. Rosc. Com. 6, 17 init.; so,

quod cum ita sit,

id. Caecin. 12, 33:

quae cum ita essent,

id. Clu. 34, 94 fin. —

To introduce the thought which follows, thus, in the following manner, as follows, in this way:

in tertio de oratore ita scriptum est, in perpetua, etc.,

Quint. 9, 1, 25:

haec ita digerunt: primum... secundum, etc.,

id. 11, 2, 20:

ita sciunt procuratores... nullius apud te auctoritatem valere plus quam meam,

Cic. Fam. 13, 42, 4; id. Tusc. 3, 18, 41:

ita constitui, fortiter esse agendum,

id. Clu. 19, 51. —

In affirmations, esp. in replies, yes, it is so, just so, true: quid istic tibi negoti est? Dav. Mihin'? Si. Ita, Ter. And. 5, 2, 8:

an laudationes? ita, inquit Antonius,

Cic. de Or. 2, 11, 44:

Davusne? ita,

Hor. S. 2, 7, 2; so in solemn affirmation: est ita: est, judices, ita, ut dicitur, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 52, § 117:

et certe ita est,

id. Att. 9, 13, 2:

ita est,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 51; Ter. And. 1, 1, 27;

and in negations: non est ita,

Cic. Off. 1, 44, § 158; strengthened by other particles of affirmation: as vero, profecto, prorsus, plane;

ita vero,

Plaut. Men. 5, 9, 37:

ita profecto,

id. Am. 1, 1, 214:

non est profecto ita, judices,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 40, 121:

ita prorsus,

id. Tusc. 2, 27, 67:

prorsus ita,

id. Leg. 3, 12, 26:

ita plane,

id. Tusc. 1, 7, 13; id. Ac. 2, 35, 113.—

In interrogations, esp.

Jeeringly, implying an affirmative, = alêthes: itane? really? truly? is it so? itane credis? Ter. And. 2, 3, 25; id. Eun. 5, 8, 28; Cic. Div. 2, 40, 83:

itane est?

id. Rosc. Am. 39, 113;

so with vero or tandem: itane vero? ego non justus?

Cic. N. D. 2, 4, 11; id. Verr. 2, 5, 30, § 77; id. Div. 1, 13, 23:

itane tandem?

id. Clu. 65, 182. —

Where surprise or reproach is implied: quid ita? (Gr. ti dai), why so? how is that? what do you mean? accusatis Sex. Roscium. Quid ita? Cic. Rosc. Am. 12, 34; id. N. D. 1, 35, 99; id. Off. 2, 23, 83:

quid ita passus est Eretriam capi? quid ita tot Thessaliae urbes? Quid ita, etc.,

Liv. 32, 21, 13; 27, 34, 13; Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 42.

In partic.

In comparisons, so.

To point out the resemblance, usually corresponding to ut; sometimes to quasi, quomodo, quemadmodum, quam, tamquam, veluti, qualis, etc., as, like, in the same way as:

non ita amo ut sani solent homines,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 1, 38:

ita ut res sese habet,

Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 24:

ita vero, Quirites, ut precamini, eveniat,

Cic. Phil. 4, 4, 10:

omnis enim pecunia ita tractatur, ut praeda, a praefectis,

id. Fam. 2, 17, 7:

an ita tu's animata, ut qui expers matris imperiis sies?

Plaut. As. 3, 1, 2:

ut homost, ita morem geras,

Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 77:

ut hirundines... ita falsi amici, etc.,

Auct. Her. 4, 48, 61:

tametsi ita de meo facto loquor, quasi ego illud mea voluntate fecerim,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 11, § 29:

sed prorsus ita, quasi aut reus numquam esset futurus, aut, etc.,

id. ib. 2, 4, 22, § 49; Quint. 9, 4, 87:

me consulem ita fecistis, quomodo pauci facti sunt,

Cic. Agr. 2, 1, 3; Quint. 11, 1, 92:

quemadmodum dicimus non feci furtum, ita, non est hoc furtum,

Quint. 7, 3, 1:

non ita variant undae... quam facile mutantur amantes,

Prop. 3, 5, 11:

castra in hostico incuriose ita posita, tamquam procul abesset hostis,

Liv. 8, 38, 2:

neque enim ita se gessit tamquam rationem aliquando esset redditurus,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 22, § 49:

Alexander ita cupide profectus fuerat, veluti, etc.,

Just. 12, 2, 1:

sane ita se habet sacrum, quale apud Homerum quoque est,

Quint. 1, 5, 67.—

Following or followed by ut, to denote that two things are in the same condition or category.

Ut... ita, as... so, just as... so also, alike... and, as well... as: Dolabellam ut Tarsenses, ita Laodiceni multo amentiores ultro arcessierunt, Cass. ap. Cic. Fam. 12, 13, 10:

Hercules cum ut Eurysthei filios, ita suos configebat sagittis,

Cic. Ac. 2, 28, 89; id. Leg. 2, 2, 5. —

Ut... ita, although... yet:

ut errare potuisti, sic decipi te non potuisse quis non videt?

Cic. Fam. 10, 20, 2:

haec omnia ut invitis, ita non adversantibus patriciis transacta,

Liv. 3, 55, 15; cf.;

pleraque Alpium sicut breviora ita arrectiora sunt,

id. 21, 35, 11. —

Ita ut, just as:

ita ut occoepi dicere,

Plaut. Poen. 2, 24; id. Trin. 4, 2, 52:

ita ut antea demonstravimus,

Caes. B. G. 7, 76; Cato, R. R. 144, 2.—

In oaths, emphatic wishes, solemn assertions, etc., expressed by a comparison:

ita ille faxit Juppiter,

Plaut. Most. 2, 1, 51: ita me di ament, non nil timeo, i.e. may they so love me as it is true that, etc., Ter. Eun. 4, 1, 1; 3, 2, 21:

ita sim felix,

Prop. 1, 7, 3:

sollicitat, ita vivam, me tua valetudo,

Cic. Fam. 16, 20, 1; Verg. A. 9, 208; so, followed by ut, with indic.:

ita mihi salvā re publicā vobiscum perfrui liceat, ut ego non moveor, etc.,

Cic. Cat. 4, 6, 11:

ita me Venus amet, ut ego te numquam sinam, etc.,

Plaut. Curc. 1, 3, 52:

ita me amabit sancta Saturitas, itaque suo me condecoret cognomine, ut ego vidi,

id. Capt. 4, 2, 97; by ut, with subj., adding a second wish:

nam tecum esse, ita mihi omnia quae opto contingant, ut vehementer velim,

Cic. Fam. 5, 21, 1; for which the abl. absol.: ita incolumi Caesare moriar, Balb. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 7, B, 3; for the subj. with ita, the fut. indic.:

ita te amabit Juppiter, ut tu nescis?

Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 31; id. Merc. 4, 4, 22.—

To denote a kind or quality, so, such, of this nature, of this kind:

nam ita est ingenium muliebre,

Plaut. Stich. 5, 5, 3:

ita est amor: balista ut jacitur,

id. Trin. 3, 2, 42:

ita sunt res nostrae,

Cic. Att. 4, 1, 8:

ita sunt Persarum mores,

Plaut. Pers. 4, 2, 25:

si ita sum, non tam est admirandum regem esse me,

Cic. Sull. 7, 22; id. Dom. 27, 71:

ita inquam = hoc dico,

id. Phil. 14, 5, 12.—

To denote an expected or natural consequence, so, thus, accordingly, under these circumstances, in this manner, therefore:

ita praetorium missum,

Liv. 21, 54, 3:

ita Jovis illud sacerdotium per hanc rationem Theomnasto datur,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 51 fin.; esp.: ita fit, thus it comes to pass, hence it follows:

ita fit ut animus de se ipse tum judicet, cum id ipsum, quo judicatur, aegrotet,

Cic. Tusc. 3, 1, 1; id. Off. 1, 28, 101; 1, 45, 160:

ita fit ut deus ille nusquam prorsus appareat,

id. N. D. 1, 14, 37; id. Leg. 1, 15, 42; so in an inference, therefore: et deus vester nihil agens; expers virtutis igitur;

ita ne beatus quidem,

id. N. D. 1, 40, 110; Suet. Caes. 60; so,

itaque (= et ita), crassum (caelum) Thebis, itaque pingues Thebani,

Cic. Fat. 4, 7; id. N. D. 3, 17, 44.—

Introducing a limitation or restriction, on the condition, on the assumption, in so far, to such an extent, only in so far, etc., commonly followed by ut:

et tamen ita probanda est mansuetudo, ut adhibeatur rei publicae causa severitas,

Cic. Off. 1, 25, 88:

pax ita convenerat, ut Etruscis Latinisque fluvius Albula finis esset,

Liv. 1, 3; 24, 29 fin.:

sed ante omnia ita vos irae indulgere oportet, ut potiorem irā salutem habeatis,

id. 23, 3; so with tamen:

longiorem dicturis periodum colligendus est spiritus, ita tamen ut id neque diu neque cum sono faciamus,

Quint. 11, 3, 53:

haec ita praetereamus, ut tamen intuentes ac respectantes relinquamus,

Cic. Sest. 5, 13. —

To denote degree, so, to such a degree, so very, so much:

quod quid ita placuerit iis, non video,

Quint. 9, 4, 10:

hoc tibi ita mando, ut dubitem an etiam te rogem, ut pugnes ne intercaletur,

Cic. Att. 5, 9, 2:

ita fugavit Samnites, ut, etc.,

Liv. 8, 36; esp. with adjj.:

judices ita fortes tamen fuerunt, ut... vel perire maluerint, quam,

Cic. Att. 1, 16, 5:

ita sordidus ut se Non umquam servo melius vestiret,

Hor. S. 1, 1, 96:

ita sunt omnia debilitata,

Cic. Fam. 2, 5, 2; so with negatives: non (haud, nec, etc.) ita, not very, not especially:

non ita magna mercede,

Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 3:

non ita lato interjecto mari,

id. Or. 8, 25:

non ita antiqua,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 49, § 109:

accessione utuntur non ita probabili,

id. Fin. 2, 13, 42:

haec nunc enucleare non ita necesse est,

id. Tusc. 5, 8, 23:

non ita multum provectus,

id. Phil. 1, 3, 7:

post, neque ita multo,

Nep. Cim. 3, 4; id. Pel. 2, 4; id. Phoc. 2, 5.

jŭvo, jūvi, jūtum, 1 (juvaturus, Sall. J. 47, 2; Plin. Ep. 4, 15, 13:

iuerint,

Cat. 66, 18), v. a. and n. [perh. root div-, to gleam; cf. dies], to help, aid, assist, support, benefit (cf.: auxilior, subvenio, opitulor).

In gen.:

qui se natos ad homines juvandos, tutandos, conservandos arbitrantur,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 14, 32:

beatae vitae disciplinam juvare,

id. Fin. 1, 21, 71:

aliquem omni suo studio in petitione,

id. Fam. 11, 17, 2:

aliquem auxilio laboris,

id. Balb. 9:

hostes frumento,

Caes. B. G. 1, 26:

juvit facundia causam,

Ov. M. 7, 505:

imbres arva juvantes,

id. A. A. 1, 647:

(Juppiter) juvat imbribus agros,

id. P. 2, 1, 13:

aliquem portuque locoque,

by receiving into harbor and house, id. H. 2, 55:

nudum hospitio tectoque,

Juv. 3, 211:

pectora alloquio,

Ov. P. 1, 6, 18:

audentes deus ipse juvat,

id. M. 10, 586:

audentes Fortuna juvat,

Verg. A. 10, 284:

aliquem in aliqua re,

Cat. 68, 41.—With two acc.:

aliquid Rutulos,

Verg. A. 10, 84. —Of medical assistance:

qui salutari juvat arte fessos,

Hor. C. S. 63; Ov. Tr. 2, 270; Plin. 23, 1, 10, § 14: dis juvantibus or deo juvante, with God's help:

me, dis juvantibus, ante brumam exspecta,

Cic. Fam. 7, 20, 2; id. N. D. 2, 66, 165; cf.:

non denique quicquam aliud nisi juvantibus sacris deligunt,

Plin. 2, 7, 5, § 21.—In pass.:

lex Cornelia proscriptum juvari vetat,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 47, § 123:

viatico a me juvabitur,

Liv. 44, 22:

precor, quaeras, qua sim tibi parte juvandus,

Ov. P. 4, 12 fin.:

placuit sollertia, tempore etiam juta,

Tac. A. 14, 4 init. (al. adjuta):

nec sola (lingua) loquendi munus implere potest, nisi juta, etc.,

Lact. Opif. D. 10, 13.— Impers., juvat, it is of use; with a subject-clause:

juvat Ismara Baccho Conserere,

Verg. G. 2, 37:

quid docuisse juvabat?

Ov. M. 7, 858; cf.:

quid juvat esse deum?

id. ib. 13, 965.—

In partic., to delight, gratify, please:

juvare in utroque (in sensu et in animo) dicitur: ex eoque jucundum,

Cic. Fin. 2, 4, 14. —In this sense rarely as a personal verb: nec umquam quicquam me juvat quod edo domi;

Foris... quod gusto id beat,

Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 34:

non omnis arbusta juvant humilesque myricae,

Verg. E. 4, 2:

nec me vita juvaret, invisa civibus et militibus meis,

Liv. 28, 27:

si nec fabellae te juvant nec fabulae,

Phaedr. 4, 7, 22:

multos castra juvant,

Hor. C. 1, 23:

aurem juvantia verba,

Ov. A. A. 2, 159.—In pass.:

refer ad aures, probabunt: quaere, cur? ita se dicent juvari,

Cic. Or. 48, 159.—More freq. impers., juvat (aliquem), with subject-clause, it delights, pleases, I (thou, he, etc.) am delighted, take pleasure in:

juvit me, tibi tuas litteras profuisse,

Cic. Fam. 5, 21, 3:

juvat me haec praeclara nomina artificum... concidisse,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 6, § 12:

forsan et haec olim meminisse juvabit,

Verg. A. 1, 203:

juvat evasisse tot urbes Argolicas,

id. ib. 3, 282:

insano juvat indulgere labori,

id. ib. 6, 135:

si pereo, hominum manibus periisse juvabit,

id. ib. 3, 606:

quae scire magis juvat quam prodest,

Sen. Ep. 106.