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  • 61 παρατίθημι

    παρατίθημι, [dialect] Dor. and poet. [full] παρτίθημι (late forms from
    A

    παρατίθω PMag.Par.1.333

    , Tab.Defix.Aud. 26.27) ; [ per.] 3sg. παρτιθεῖ, παρατιθεῖ, Od. 1.192, Hdt.4.73 : [tense] impf.

    - ετίθει Ar.Ach.85

    , Eq. 1223 : [tense] aor. [voice] Act. παρέθηκα, [voice] Med. παρεθέμην : [tense] pf. παρατέθεικα : in [dialect] Att. παράκειμαι generally serves as the [voice] Pass. :— place beside,

    πὰρ δὲ τίθει δίφρον Od. 21.177

    , cf. 182 (tm.), Berl.Sitzb. 1927.167 ([place name] Cyrene), etc. ; [

    εἰκόσι] κόσμον OGI90.40

     (Rosetta, ii B. C.).
    b. freq. of meals, set before, serve up,

    σφιν δαῖτ' ἀγαθὴν παραθήσομεν Il. 23.810

    , cf. 9.90 (tm.) ;

    ἥ οἱ βρῶσίν τε πόσιν τε παρτιθεῖ Od.1.192

     ;

    πὰρ δ' ἐτίθει σπλάγχνων μοίρας 20.260

     ; [

    νῶτα βοὸς] γέρα πάρθεσαν αὐτῷ 4.66

     ;

    νῦν οἱ παράθες ξεινήϊα καλά Il.18.408

     ;

    ξείνιά τ' εὖ παρέθηκεν 11.779

    , cf. Od.9.517 (tm.) ;

    θεὰ παρέθηκε τράπεζαν 5.92

     : c. gen.,

    τῷ νεκρῷ πάντων παρατιθεῖ Hdt. 4.73

    , cf. 1.119 ([voice] Pass.) ;

    παρετίθεσαν ἐπὶ τὴν τράπεζαν κρέα X.An.4.5.31

     ; οἱ παρατιθέντες the serving-men, Id.Cyr.8.8.20 ; τὰ παρατιθέμενα meats set before one (with or without βρώματα), ib.2.1.30, 5.2.16 : in Com., Ar.Ach.85, Eq.52,57, Aristomen. 12, etc.; of a sacrificial meal,

    σκέλος τοῦ πράτου βοὸς παρθέντω τῷ θιῷ IG42(1).41.11

     (Epid., v/iv B. C.).
    c. of a mother, put to the breast, Sor. 1.105.
    2. generally, provide, furnish, αἲ γὰρ ἐμοὶ.. θεοὶ δύναμιν παραθεῖεν (v.l. περιθεῖεν ) oh that they would place power at my disposal !, Od.3.205 ; π.ἑκάστων τῶν σοφῶν ἀπογεύσασθαι, i. e. π. ἕκαστα τὰ σοφὰ ὥστε ἀπογεύσασθαι αὐτῶν, Pl.Tht. 157c ;

    π. αὐτοῖς.. ἀναγιγνώσκειν.. ποιήματα Id.Prt. 325e

     :—[voice] Med., expose for sale, Arist.HA 622b34.
    4. lay before one, explain, X.Cyr.1.6.14 ; π. ἔν τισι ὡς οὐ χρή.. POxy. 2110.6 (iv A. D.) ; allege, produce, Is.9.32 ;

    ὑποδείγματα Phld. Mus. p.79

     K.;

    παραβολὴν π. αὐ τοῖς Ev.Matt. 13.24

     :—[voice] Med., v. infr. B. 5.
    b. Gramm., place side by side, juxtapose (opp. συντίθημι form a compound), A.D.Pron.42.5, al. ([voice] Pass.).
    6. deposit, = παρακατατίθημι, Charito 8.4 (s.v.l.), v. infr. B. 2.
    B. [voice] Med., set before oneself, have set before one,

    ἐπὴν δαΐδας παραθεῖτο Od. 2.105

     codd., cf. 19.150, 24.140 ;

    σκύφος παραθέσθαι E.Cyc. 390

     ;

    τράπεζαν Περσικήν Th. 1.130

     ;

    σῖτον X.Cyr.8.6.12

     ; οἱ τὰ εὐτελέστερα παρατιθέμενοι those who fare less sumptuously, Id.Hier.1.20 ; have meat set before others,

    ἠῶθεν δέ κεν ὔμμιν ὁδοιπόριον παραθείμην Od. 15.506

     ; provide for oneself, supply oneself with, παρετίθεντο τῶν ἀναγκαίων πρὸς τὸν πόλεμον, ὅσα .. Plu.Per.26.
    2. deposit what belongs to one in another's hands, give in charge,

    τοῦ παραθεμένου τὰ χρήματα Hdt.686

    . β'; τὴν οὐσίαν ταῖς νήσοις π. X.Ath. 2.16 ;

    τῶν ἀβακείων ἃ παρεθέμεθα παρ' αὐτῷ PCair.Zen. 71

     (iii B. C.), cf. Plb. 3.17.10, PGrenf. 1.14.1 (ii B. C.), etc.; deposit deeds or documents, POxy. 237 iv 38 (ii A. D.), etc.; give a person in charge to,

    τινὶ ὀρφανόν Arr. Epict.2.8.22

    ; commend or commit into another's hands,

    εἰς χεῖράς σου τὸ πνεῦμα Ev.Luc.23.46

     ;

    τινὰς τῷ Κυρίῳ Act.Ap.14.23

    , cf. 20.32, 1 Ep.Pet.4.19 ; commend by a letter of introduction, PGiss.88.5 (ii A. D.).
    b. store up in one's mind,

    ἅ τις ὁρᾷ π. παρ' αὑτῷ Plot.4.4.8

    .
    5. cite in one's own favour, cite as evidence or authority, π. μῦθον, παράδειγμα, Id.Plt. 275b, 279a ; ἀντίγραφον [ἐπιστολῆς] BGU1004.12 (iii B. C.) ; ἀποδείξεις Wilcken Chr.77.5 (ii A. D.) ;

    ψήφισμα Plu.2.833e

    , cf. D. Chr.17.10, Ath.11.479c, Porph.Abst. 1.3, etc.; mention,

    ἔννοιάν τινος A.D.Synt.65.9

     ; ἐκδόσεις π. quote editions, Id.Pron.89.22 : abs., quote instances, ib. 52.7,al.:—rarely in [voice] Act., λέξεις π. D.H.Dem.37, v. l. in Id.Comp.23.
    6. affix, apply a name,

    τῷ χωρίῳ ὄνομα Paus. 2.14.4

    .
    7. explain, allege, Wilcken Chr. 20 iii 12 (ii A. D.), etc.

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > παρατίθημι

  • 62 ποικίλος

    ποικίλος [pron. full] [ῐ], η, ον,
    A many-coloured, spotted, pied, dappled,

    παρδαλέη Il.10.30

    ;

    ὄφις Hes.Th. 300

     codd. ( αἰόλον Sch.);

    δράκων Pi.P.8.46

    ; ἴυγξ ib.4.214;

    νεβρίδες E.Ba. 249

    ;

    ὄρνιθες Plot.4.4.29

    ; also of cattle, PCair.Preis.37.9 (iii B.C.), etc.;

    - ώτερον ταὧ Alex.110.14

    , cf. Ath.9.397c; opp. ὁμόχρους, Arist.HA 543a25;

    κιθῶνες Hdt.7.61

    ; λίθος Αἰθιοπικὸς π., of the red granite of Syene, Id.2.127, cf. IG42(1).106i96, 113(Epid., iv B.C.);

    σφαῖρα Pl.Phd. 110b

    ; in X.An.5.4.32, tattooed.
    II wrought in various colours, of woven or embroidered stuffs, in Hom. as epith. of πέπλος, Il.5.735, al.;

    ἱμάς 14.215

    ;

    φᾶρος S.Fr. 586

    ; ἐν ποικίλοις.. κάλλεσιν βαίνειν, of a rich carpet, A.Ag. 923; ποικίλα, τά, ib. 926, 936, Theoc.15.78; π., τό, a broidered robe, Cratin. 38;

    ἐπίβλημα π. IG12.387.28

    ; of Cyprian, Carthaginian, and Sicilian stuffs, Ar.Fr. 611, Hermipp.63.23, Philem.76.4. Adv.

    -λως, ὑφασμένον Antiph.99

    (dub.);

    στρωμναὶ π. διηνθισμέναι LXXEs.1.6

    .
    2 of metal work, τεύχεα π. χαλκῷ cunningly wrought in bronze, Hes.Sc.[423];

    θώρηξ Il.16.134

    ; τεύχεα, ἔντεα, σάκος, δίφρος, κλισμός, etc., 4.432, 10.75, 149, 501, Od.1.132, etc.; but

    δεσμὸς π.

     intricate,

    8.448

    .
    3 ἡ στοὰ ἡ π. the Painted Hall at Athens, Aeschin.3.186;

    ἡ π. στοά D.45.17

    , 59.94, cf. Paus.1.15.1; also Ποικίλη alone, Id.5.11.6, Luc.DMeretr.10.2; or ἡ Π., Id.Pisc.13, 16, etc.; also π. στοά, at Olympia, Paus.5.21.17; λέσχη π., at Sparta, Id.3.15.8;

    θρᾶνος π. PCair.Zen.445.5

     (iii B.C.).
    4 of drugs, complicated, Aret.CD1.4.
    III metaph., changeful, diversified, manifold,

    εὐμορφία A.Pr. 495

    ;

    π. κακῶν ταμιεῖον Democr.149

    ;

    - ώτερος αὐτοῦ Πρωτέως Luc.Sacr.5

    ;

    ποικίλα ἀντὶ ἁπλοῦ Pl.Tht. 146d

    ;

    - ώτερα ποιεῖν τὰ νοσήματα Id.R. 426a

    ; παντοδαπὰς ἡδονὰς καὶ π. καὶ παντοίως ἐχούσας ib. 559d;

    οὕτω δὲ π. τί ἐστι τὸ ἀγαθὸν καὶ παντοδαπόν Id.Prt. 334b

    ;

    πηδήσεις ὡς ἔνι -ωτάτας ποιεῖσθαι Arr. Tact.43.3

    ; π. μῆνες the changing months, Pi.I.4(3).18 (nisi leg. ποικίλα [χθών])

    ; π. εὐεργεσία IG5(2).268.22

     (Mantinea, i B.C.). Adv.

    - λως

     in various ways,

    Hp.Art.33

    , Gal.13.91: [comp] Comp. -ωτέρως, θρεπτέον Herod.[voice] Med.in Rh.Mus.58.85; but

    - ώτερον Sor.Vit.Hp.4

    .
    2 of Art, π. ὕμνος a song of changeful strain or full of diverse art, Pi.O.6.87;

    ποικίλον κιθαρίζων Id.N.4.14

    ;

    δεδαιδαλμένοι ψεύδεσι ποικίλοις μῦθοι Id.O.1.29

    ; of style,

    λέξις ποιητικωτέρα καὶ π. Isoc.15.47

     ([comp] Comp.);

    σχηματισμοί D.H.Is.3

    .
    3 intricate, complex, εἱλιγμοὶ -ώτατοι, of a labyrinth, Hdt.2.148; of an oracle, Id.7.111 ([comp] Comp.);

    ὁ θεὸς ἔφυ τι π. E.Hel. 711

    ; π. νόμος, opp. νοῆσαι ῥᾴδιος, Pl.Smp. 182b; π. μηχάνημα, λόγοι, S.OC 762, Ar.Th. 438; opp. ἁπλούστερος, Arist. Rh. 1416b25;

    οὐδὲν π. οὐδὲ σοφόν D.9.37

    . Adv. -λως, αὐδώμενος speaking in double sense, S.Ph. 130;

    π. ᾐνιγμένος Ar.Eq. 196

    .
    b of abstruse knowledge, intricate, subtle,

    εἰδέναι τι π. E.Med. 300

    ; οὐδὲν π. nothing abstruse or difficult, Pl.Men. 75e, Grg. 491d, etc.
    c of persons and things, subtle, artful, wily, of Prometheus, Hes.Th. 511, A.Pr. 310; of Odysseus, E.IA 526;

    π. γὰρ ἁνήρ Ar.Eq. 758

    ;

    φύσει π. Plb.8.18.4

    ;

    ἀλώπηξ κερδαλέα καὶ π. Pl.R. 365c

    ; π. λαλήματα, of the Sirens, E.Andr. 937;

    π. τόξον B.9.43

    ;

    βουλεύματα Pi. N.5.28

    . Adv. subtly, artfully, E.Ba. 888(lyr.);

    σοφῶς.. καὶ π. Alex. 110.20

    ;

    π. χρώμενοι τοῖς πράγμασιν Plb.4.30.7

    .
    4 changeable, unstable,

    ὁ εὐδαίμων οὐ π. καὶ εὐμετάβολος Arist.EN 1101a8

    ; π. ἐλπίδες doubtful hopes, Plb.14.1.5;

    π. περιστάσεις OGI194.5

     (Egypt, i B.C.). Adv. -λως, ἔχειν to be different, X.Mem.2.6.21;

    δέος π. περιαμύττον τὸν νοῦν Pl.Ax. 365c

    : [comp] Comp. - ωτέρως dub. in Epicur.Nat.5G. (Cf. Skt. pimśáti 'dress (meat)', 'adorn', péśas 'shape', 'colour', 'embroidery', Lith. pi[etilde]šti 'draw', 'write', Slav. p[icaron]sati 'write'.)

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ποικίλος

  • 63 προσβολή

    A application, e.g. of the touchstone, A. Ag. 391 (lyr., pl.); ἡ τῆς σικύας π. Arist.Rh. 1405b3;

    ἡ π. τῶν ὀμμάτων πρός τι Pl.Tht. 153e

    ; φίλιαι π. προσώπων, of kisses, E.Supp. 1138 (lyr.): abs., kiss, embrace, Id.Med. 1074; τῆς γλώττης προσβολαί, opp. συμβολαὶ τῶν χειλῶν, Arist.PA 660a6; ἄνευ προσβολῆς (sc. τῆς γλώττης ) pronounced without applying the tongue to the teeth, etc., Id.Po. 1456b26: metaph.,

    π. τῆς φαντασίας Stoic.2.33

    : abs., of an act of intuition, Porph.Sent.43, Plot.2.9.1, 3.8.10, al.
    2 in an auction, document recording the knocking down of a lot to a purchaser, PEleph.23.17 (iii B.C.), PTeb.814.28 (iii B.C.).
    II (from intr. sense) falling upon, attack, assault (expld. by Hsch. as τῶν ἀθλητῶν ἡ συναφὴ καὶ κατοχή)

    , π. Ἀχαιίς A.Th.28

    ;

    προσβολὴν ποιέεσθαι πέριξ τὸ τεῖχος Hdt.3.158

    : pl., Id.4.128, Th.2.4, 5.61, X.HG 1.3.14, etc.;

    προσβολὰς παρασκευάζεσθαι τῷ τείχει Th.2.18

    ;

    προσβολῆς γινομένης πρὸς τὸ τεῖχος Hdt.6.101

    ;

    τὰς π. ἀποκρούεσθαι Id.4.200

    ;

    προσβολαὶ ἱππέων Th.3.1

    , cf. X.An.3.4.2; π. sudden attacks, opp. ξυσταδὸν μάχαι, Th.7.81; ἐκ προσβολῆς at the first assault, Philostr.Her.19.3; ἀντιφραττόμενοι ταῖς π. SIG780.19 (Epist.Augusti, i B.C.).
    2 generally, attack, visitation,

    προσβολαὶ Ἐρινύων A.Ch. 283

    ;

    μιασμάτοιν Id.Eu. 600

    ;

    δαιμόνων Ar. Pax39

     (with allusion to the stench striking one's nose, cf.

    προσβάλλω 1.3

    );

    προσβολαὶ κακαί E.El. 829

    ;

    ἐκ θεοῦ προσβολῆς ἐμηνάμην Id.Cret.9

    ;

    π. θεῖαι Antipho 3.3.8

    ;

    πυρὸς ἢ χειμῶνος προσβολῇ Pl.Lg. 865b

    ; attack, fit of disease, Dsc. 5.113;

    π. δεισιδαιμονίας Plu.2.43d

    : but, beat of pulse, Ruf.Syn.Puls. 7.5.
    3 without hostile sense, impact of sound, βραδεῖα μὲν γὰρ ἐν λόγοισι π. μόλις δι' ὠτὸς ἔρχεται ῥυπωμένου, i.e. impressions through an old man's ears are slow, S.Fr. 858; contact,

    π. καὶ ἐπαφή Stoic.2.123

    ;

    τοῦ ἡλίου αἱ π. αἱ πρῶται Ael.NA14.23

    .
    4 means of approaching, approach,

    παρέχειν π. καὶ ἐπαφήν Pl.Sph. 246a

    ; προσβολὰς ἀφράστους ἔχειν, of a place, Plu.Caes.53; π. ἔχειν τῆς Σικελίας to afford a means of entering Sicily, Th.4.1; ἡ τοῦ στομάχου π. Arist.HA 507b3; οὔσης.. τραχείας τῆς π. Plb.3.51.4; of ships, landing-place, harbour, place to touch at, ὁλκάδων π. Th.4.53; of a place, ἐν προσβολῇ εἶναι τῆς Σικελίας to be a port of call on the voyage to Sicily, Id.6.48; meeting-point, Pl.Ti. 36c.
    5 Rhet., in pl., approaches to a subject, ject, Philostr.VS1.9.1.
    III (from [voice] Pass.) that which is put upon a weapon or tool, iron point, D.C.38.49 (pl.), Phryn.PSp.100 B. (nisi leg. προβολή).
    2 point of attachment of a stake fixed in the ground, Plb.18.18.14 (pl.).

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > προσβολή

  • 64 ἀρχή

    ἀρχή, ἡ, (v. ἄρχω)
    A beginning, origin,

    νείκεος ἀ. Il.22.116

    ;

    πήματος Od.8.81

    ;

    φόνου 21.4

    , etc.; opp. τέλος, Hdt.7.51, etc.; opp. τελευτή, Thgn.607, cf. Pl.Lg. 715e, Hp.Morb.1.1;

    ἀ. γενέσθαι κακῶν Hdt.5.97

    ;

    ἀ. ποιήσασθαί τινος Th.1.128

    , And.2.37, Isoc.12.120, etc.;

    ἀ. λαβεῖν τινός Aeschin.1.11

    ;

    τὰς ἀρχὰς εἰληφέναι Plb.4.28.3

    ; ἀρχὴν ὑποθέσθαι lay a foundation, D.3.2, etc.;

    βαλέσθαι Pl.Ep. 326e

     (and [voice] Pass.,

    ἀρχαὶ βέβληνται Pi.N.1.8

    );

    ἀρχὴν ἄρχεσθαί τινος Pl.Ti. 36e

    ; source of action, [

    ὁ ἄνθρωπος] ἔχει ἀρχὴν ἐλευθέραν Plot.3.3.4

    .
    b with Preps. in adverbial usages, ἐξ ἀρχῆς from the beginning, from the first, from of old, Od.1.188, Xenoph.10, etc.;

    οὑξ ἀ. φίλος S.OT 385

    ;

    ἡ ἐξ ἀ. ἔχθρα D.54.3

    ;

    τὸ ἐξ ἀ. X.Cyn.12.6

    ; but

    πλουτεῖν ἐξ ἀ. πάλιν

     anew, afresh,

    Ar.Pl. 221

    ;

    λόγον πάλιν ὥσπερ ἐξ ἀ. κινεῖν Pl.R. 450a

    ; ὁ ἐξ ἀ. λόγος the original argument, Id.Tht. 177c, etc.; τὰ ἐξ ἀ. the principal sum, Arist.Pol. 1280a30:—also

    ἀπ' ἀ. Hes.Th. 425

    , Hdt.2.104, Pi.P.8.25, A.Supp. 344, Pl.Tht. 206d; κατ' ἀρχάς in the beginning, at first, Hdt.3.153, 7.5;

    αὐτίκα κατ' ἀ. Id.8.94

    ;

    τὸ κατ' ἀ. Pl. Lg. 798a

    , al.
    c acc. ἀρχήν, abs., to begin with, at first, Hdt. 1.9, 2.28, 8.132;

    τὴν ἀρχήν And.3.20

    : pl.,

    τὰς ἀρχάς Plb.16.22.8

    : freq. followed by a neg., not at all,

    ἀρχὴν μηδὲ λαβών Hdt.3.39

    , cf. 1.193, al.;

    ἀ. δὲ θηρᾶν οὐ πρέπει τἀμήχανα S.Ant.92

    ;

    ἀ. κλύειν ἂν οὐκ.. ἐβουλόμην Id.Ph. 1239

    , cf. El. 439, Philol.3, Antipho5.73, Pl. Grg. 478c; sts. c. Art.,

    τοῦτο οὐκ ἐνδέκομαι τὴν ἀ. Hdt.4.25

    ;

    τὴν ἀ. γὰρ ἐξῆν αὐτῷ μὴ γράφειν D.23.93

    .
    2 first principle, element, first so used by Anaximander, acc. to Simp. in Ph.150.23, cf. Arist. Metaph. 983b11, etc.;

    Ἡράκλειτος τὴν ἀ. εἶναί φησι ψυχήν Id.de An. 405a25

    ; of ὕλη and θεός, opp. στοιχεῖα, Placit.1.3.25; practical principle of conduct,

    τῶν πράξεων τὰς ἀρχὰς καὶ τὰς ὑποθέσεις D. 2.10

    ; principles of knowledge, Arist.Metaph. 995b8, al.
    3 end, corner, of a bandage, rope, sheet, etc., Hdt.4.60, Hp.Off.9, E.Hipp. 762, Aen.Tact.18.14, Act.Ap.10.11; of a compound pulley, Hero Bel.84.14.
    4 Math., origin of a curve,

    τῆς ἕλικος Archim.Spir. 11

     Def.2, etc.;

    ξυνὸν ἀ. καὶ πέρας ἐπὶ κύκλου περιφερείας Heraclit. 103

    .
    5 branch of a river, LXX Ge.2.10 (pl.).
    6 sum, total, ib.Nu.1.2.
    7 vital organs of the body, Gal.1.318, al.
    II first place or power, sovereignty (not in Hom.),

    Διὸς ἀρχά Pi.O.2.64

    , cf. Hdt.1.6, etc.;

    γενέσθαι ἐπ' ἀρχῆς Arist.Pol. 1284b2

    : metaph., μεγάλην μεντἂν ἀ. εἴης εὑρηκώς, of a stroke of fortune, D.21.196: pl.,

    ἀρχαὶ πολισσονόμοι A.Ch. 864

     (lyr.);

    τὰς ἐμὰς ἀρχὰς σέβων S.Ant. 744

    , etc.: c. gen. rei,

    τῆσδ' ἔχων ἀρχὴν χθονός S.OT 737

    ; ἀ. τῶν νεῶν, τῆς θαλάσσης, power over them, Th.3.90, X.Ath.2.7, etc.: prov., ἀ. ἄνδρα δείξει Biasap.Arist.EN 1130a1, cf. D.Prooem.48; method of government,

    οὐδὲ τὴν ἄλλην ἀ. ἐπαχθής Th.6.54

    .
    2 empire, realm, Κύρου, Περδίκκου ἀ., Hdt.1.91, Th.4.128, etc.
    3 magistracy, office, ἀρχὴν ἄρχειν, παραλαμβάνειν, Hdt.3.80, 4.147;

    καταστήσας τὰς ἀ. καὶ ἄρχοντας ἐπιστήσας Id.3.89

    ; εἰς ἀ. καθίστασθαι Th.8.70; εἰς τὴν ἀ. εἰσιέναι D.59.72, etc.; ἀ. λαχεῖν to obtain an office, Id.57.25;

    Ἑλληνοταμίαι τότε πρῶτον κατέστη ἀ. Th.1.96

    ;

    ἐνιαύσιος ἀ. Id.6.54

    ; ἀ. χειροτονητή, κληρωτή, Lex ap.Aeschin.1.21; withsg. Noun,

    Κυθηροδίκης ἀ. ἐκ τῆς Σπάρτης διέβαινεν αὐτόσε Th.4.53

    ; term of office,

    ἀρχῆς λοιποὶ αὐτῷ δύο μῆνες Antipho6.42

    ;

    ἀρχαὶ καὶ λειτουργίαι POxy.119.16

     (iii A.D.).
    4 in pl.,

    αἱ ἀρχαί

     the authorities, the magistrates,

    Th.5.47

    , cf. Decr. ap. And.1.83; ἐν ταῖς ἀ. εἶναι Th.6.54; ἡ ἀρχή collectively, 'the board', D.47.22, cf. IG1.229, etc.;

    παραδιδόναι τινὰ τῇ ἀ. Antipho5.48

    ; but ἡ ἀ., of a single magistrate, PHal.1.226 (iii B.C.); κατ' ἀρχῆς γὰρ φιλαίτιος λεώς against authority, A.Supp. 485;

    πομποὺς ἀρχάς Id.Ag. 124

     (anap.).
    5 command, i.e. body of troops, LXX 1 Ki.13.17, al.
    6 pl., heavenly powers, Ep.Rom.8.38, al., cf. Dam. Pr.96; powers of evil, Ep.Eph.6.12, al.
    III = εἶδος μελίσσης ἀκέντρου, Hsch.

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἀρχή

  • 65 ἴδιος

    ἴδιος [ῐδ], α, ον, [dialect] Att. also ος, ον Pl.Prt. 349b, Arist.HA 532b32 (v. sub fin.):
    I one's own, pertaining to oneself: hence,
    1 private, personal (opp. κοινός): twice in Hom., πρῆξις δ' ἥδ' ἰδίη οὐ δήμιος this business is private, not public, Od.3.82; δήμιον ἦ ἴδιον; 4.314; ἴδιος ἐν κοινῷ σταλείς embarking as a private man in a public cause, Pi.O. 13.49; ἰ. στόλῳ χρᾶσθαι, opp. δημοσίῳ, Hdt.5.63;

    γῆς.. νοσούσης ἴ. κινοῦντες κακά S.OT 636

    ;

    κοινὸν ἐξ ἰδίας ἀνοίας κακόν E.Hec. 641

     (lyr.), cf. Or. 766 (troch.); ἴδια πράσσων ἢ στρατοῦ ταχθεὶς ὕπο; Id.IA 1363 (troch.);

    ἴ. κέρδεα Hdt.6.100

    ;

    συμφορά Antipho 2.1.11

    ;

    πρόσοδος And.4.11

    ;

    τὰ ἴ. διάφορα Th.2.37

    ;

    πλοῦτος ἴ. καὶ δημόσιος Id.1.80

    , cf. Pl.R. 521a; ἴ. οὐ κοινὸς πόνος ib. 535b, cf. 543b; ξυμβόλαια ib. 443e;

    ἰ. ἢ πολιτικὴ πρᾶξις Id.Grg. 484d

    ;

    πόλεις καὶ ἴ. οἶκοι Id.Lg. 890b

    , cf. 796d, etc.; τὰ ἱρά, opp. τὰ ἴ., temples, opp. private buildings, Hdt. 6.9, 8.109; τὸ ἐν ἰδίοις discussion among private persons, Pl.Sph. 225b.
    2 one's own, opp.

    ἀλλότριος, ἐπικώμια Pi.N.6.32

    ;

    ἡ ἰ. ἐλευθερίη Hdt.7.147

    ;

    Ζεὺς ἰδίοις νόμοις κρατύνων A.Pr. 404

     (lyr.); ἰδίᾳ γνώμᾳ ib. 543 (lyr.);

    οὔτοι τὰ χρήματ' ἴ. κέκτηνται βροτοί E.Ph. 555

    ; φίλων οὐδὲν ἴ., = κοινὰ τὰ τῶν φίλων, Id.Andr. 376: with Pron.,

    χωρίον ἡμέτερον ἴδιον D.55.8

    .
    3 τὰ ἴ. private interests, opp. public, Th.1.82, 2.61, etc.; one's own property, Id.1.141, etc.; τὰ ἴ. πράττειν mind one's own business, in later Gr., Phryn.405, cf. 1 Ep.Thess.4.11; μένειν ἐπὶ τῶν ἰ. Plb.2.57.5; εἰς τὸ ἴ. καταθέσθαι for self, X.An.1.3.3, etc.: with Pron., τοὐμὸν ἴ. εἰπεῖν my personal opinion, Isoc.6.8; τὰ ἐμὰ ἴ. D.50.66; τὰ αὑτοῦ ἴ. Thgn.440 (dub.l.), cf. Antipho 5.61, Isoc.8.127; τὰ ὑμέτερα ἴ. D.19.307; τὰ ἴ. σφῶν αὐτῶν, τὰ ἴ. τὰ σφέτερα αὐτῶν, And.2.2,3.36; ἔγωγε τοὐμὸν ἴ. I for my own part, Luc.Merc.Cond.9.
    4 of persons, personally attached to one,

    ἴδιοι Σελεύκου Plb.21.6.4

    , cf. Arist.Pol. 1315a36, UPZ146.38 (ii B.C.), 109.18 (i B.C.);

    ἄνθρωπος ἴδιος τῇ εὐνοίᾳ τῇ πρὸς.. PCair.Zen.32

     (iii B.C.);

    ταῖς εὐνοίαις ἴδιοι D.S.11.26

    ; ἴδιοι, οἱ, members of one's family, relatives, BGU 665 ii 1 (i A.D.), Vett.Val.70.5, etc.
    5 ἡ ἰ. (sts. with κώμη added, BGU15.13 (ii A.D.)), one's place of origin, PTeb. 327.28 (ii A.D.), etc.: pl., καταπορεύεσθαι εἰς τὰς ἰ.ib.5.7 (ii B.C.).
    6 in later Gr., almost as a possessive Pron.,=

    ἑαυτοῦ, ἑαυτῶν, ἡ ἰ. φιλαγαθία IG22.1011.71

     (ii B.C.), etc.;

    χρῶνται ὡς ἰδίοις UPZ11.14

     (ii B.C.); περὶ τῶν ἰ. βιβλίων, title of work by Galen.
    b ἴ. θάνατος one's own, i.e. a natural death, Ramsay Cities and Bishoprics No. 133;

    ἰδίοις τελευτῶσι θανάτοις Ptol.Tetr. 199

    ; also ἰδία μοίρῃ Ramsay op.cit. No. 187.
    II separate, distinct,

    ἔθνος ἴ. καὶ οὐδαμῶς Σκυθικόν Hdt.4.18

    , cf. 22; ἴδιοί τινές σοι [θεοί]; Ar.Ra. 890;

    ἑκάστῳ τῶν ὀνομάτων ὑπόκειταί τις ἴδιος οὐσία Pl.Prt. 349b

    ; πόλεις.. βαρβάρους καὶ ἰδίας Decr. ap. D.18.183; ὁ βάτραχος ἰδίαν ἔχει τὴν γλῶτταν, τὴν ἰ. ἀφίησι φωνήν, a peculiar kind of tongue,.. its peculiar note, Arist. HA 536a8,11: folld. by ἤ, ἴδιον ἔπασχεν πάθος ἢ οἱ ἄλλοι unique and different from others, Pl.Grg. 481c; so

    ἴδιον παρὰ τὰ ἄλλα Thphr.HP 6.4.10

    .
    b ἴ. λόγος, in Ptolemaic and Roman Egypt, private account,

    δεδώκαμεν Πύρωνι τὸν ἔσχατόν σου ἴ. λόγον PCair.Zen. 253

     (iii B.C.), cf. PGrenf.1.16 (ii B.C.), etc.; later, special account, a branch of the fiscal administration, Wilcken Chr. 162 (ii B.C.), PAmh.2.31 (ii B.C.), PGnom.Prooem. (ii A.D.), etc.;

    ὁ γνώμων τοῦ ἰ. λόγου OGI669.44

     (i A.D.); also as the title of the Controller, Str. 17.1.12 codd., OGI 408 (ii A.D.), Mitteis Chr. 372 vi 1 (ii A.D.).
    2 strange, unusual,

    ἰδίοισιν ὑμεναίοισι κοὐχὶ σώφροσιν E.Or. 558

    ; peculiar, exceptional,

    περιττὸν καὶ ἴ. γένος Arist.GA 760a5

    ;

    τὰ περιττὰ καὶ ἴ. τῶν δένδρων Thphr.CP2.7.1

    ; παράδοξον εἰπεῖν τι καὶ περιττὸν καὶ ἴ. Plu.2.1068b; eccentric, of persons, ib.57e;

    ἴ. τις ἐν πᾶσι βουλόμενος εἶναι Id.Them.18

    .
    3 peculiar, appropriate, ἴδια ὀνόματα proper, specific words, opp. περιέχοντα, class-names, Arist. Rh. 1407a31;

    ὄνομα ἴ. τινος Pl.R. 580e

    ;

    τὸ ἴ. τοῦ ἐπαίνου Luc.Pr.Im. 19

    .
    III ἴ. λόγοι ordinary private conversation, opp. ποίησις, Pl. R. 366e, cf. Euthd. 305d; v. infr. VI. 2b.
    IV τὸ ἴ. characteristic property of a species, Arist.Top. 102a18, 103b11, Chrysipp.Stoic.2.75, Plot.5.5.13; but also, distinguishing feature in a relative sense,

    ἴ. πρός τι Arist.Top. 128b25

    .
    V regul. [comp] Comp.

    ἰδιώτερος Isoc.12.73

    , Thphr.HP3.1.6: [comp] Sup.

    - ώτατος D.23.65

    , Thphr.HP1.14.2; also ἰδιαίτερος, -αίτατος, Arist.PA 656a26, 658b33; - αίτατος but not - αίτερος acc. to Thom.Mag.p.189R.
    VI Adv. [full] ἰδίως, peculiarly, Isoc.5.108; severally, Pl.Lg. 807b: [comp] Comp.

    ἰδιωτέρως Thphr.HP1.13.4

    ;

    ὡς -ώτερον εἰπεῖν Phld.Oec.p.68

     J.;

    ἰδιαίτερον Hdn.7.6.7

    : [comp] Sup. ἰδιώτατα (v.l. -αίτατα) D.S.19.1; ἰδίως καλεῖσθαι to be called specifically, Arist.Mu. 394b28;

    - αίτατα λέγεσθαι Id.Mete. 382a3

    ; ἰδίως, opp.

    κοινῶς, λέγεσθαι Demetr.Lac.Herc.1014.41

     F. (but in Gramm., to be used as a proper name, D.T.634.13); in a peculiar sense or usage, Sch. Ar.Pl. 115;

    ἰ.Αἰσχύλος τὸν Ἀγαμέμνονα ἐπὶ σκηνῆς ἀναιρεῖσθαι ποιεῖ A. Ag.

    Arg., cf. Sch.E.Ph. 1116; also,= extra versum, τὸ φεῦ ἰδίως Sch. Ar.Nu.41 (v.l. ἰδίᾳ).
    2 [full] ἰδίᾳ, [dialect] Ion. - ιη, as Adv., by oneself, privately, on one's own account,

    θύοντι ἰδίῃ μούνῳ Hdt.1.132

    , cf. 192, Ar.Eq. 467;

    οὔτε ἰδίᾳ οὔτε ἐν κοινῷ Th.1.141

    ;

    καὶ ἰ. καὶ δημοσίᾳ Id.3.45

    , Pl.Ap. 30b;

    καὶ ἰ. καὶ κοινῇ Arist.Ath.40.3

    ;

    ἰδίᾳ ἕκαστος Th.8.1

    , cf. Pl.Lg. 946d, etc.: c. gen., ἰ. τῆς φρενός apart from.., Ar.Ra. 102.
    b in ordinary talk, opp. ὑπὸ ποιητῶν, Pl.R. 363e, cf. 606c; v. supr. 111.
    3 κατ' ἰδίαν in private, Philem.169;

    κατ' ἰδίαν εἰπεῖν τινι D.S.1.21

    ; κατ' ἰ. λαβεῖν τινα to take him aside, Plb.4.84.8; also, separately, apart, Plu.2.120d;

    οἱ κατ' ἰ. βίοι Plb.1.71.1

    . (

    ϝίδιος Tab.Heracl.1.13

    , al., Schwyzer 324.4 (Delph., iv B.C.), IG9(1).333.12 ([dialect] Locr., v B.C.), etc.; with spiritus asper,

    ἐκ τοῦ ηιδίου Jahresh.14

    Beibl.141 (Argos, v B.C.);

    καθ' ἱδίαν IG22.891.6

    , 5(1).6 ([dialect] Lacon.), 9(2).66 ([place name] Lamia), Aët.3.159, etc.; καθ' ἱδδίαν prob. in IG9(2).461.26 (Thess.).)

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἴδιος

  • 66 ἵνα

    A Adv.,
    I of Place,
    1 in that place, there, once in Hom.,

    ἵ. γάρ σφιν ἐπέφραδον ἠγερέθεσθαι Il.10.127

     (acc.to Eust.).
    2 elsewh. relat., in which place, where, 2.558, Od.9.136, Hdt.2.133,9.27,54, Pi.O.1.95, B.10.79, A.Pr.21, al., S.El.22, 855, Ar.Ra. 1231, etc.: rarely in [dialect] Att. Prose, Lys.13.72 (v. infr.), Pl.Ap. 17c, Phlb. 61b; ἵ. ἡ Νίκη (sc. ἐστίν) IG22.1407.13: rare in later Greek, Arr.An.1.3.2, Luc.Cont.22, Ind.3: with particles,

    ἵ. τε Il.20.478

    ;

    ἵ. περ 24.382

    , Od.13.364, Lys. l.c.; ἵν' ἄν c. subj., wherever, S.OC 405, E. Ion 315; as indirect interrog., Hdt.1.179, 2.150, E.Hec. 1008.
    b after Hom., like other Advs. of Place, c. gen.,

    ἵ. τῆς χώρης Hdt.1.98

    ; ἔμαθε ἵ. ἦν κακοῦ in what a calamity, Id.1.213;

    οὐδ' ὁρᾶν ἵν' ἐ̄ κακοῦ S.OT 367

    ; ἵν' ἕσταμεν χρείας ib. 1442;

    ἵν' ἦμεν ἄτης Id.El. 936

    ;

    ὁρᾷς ἵν' ἐσμὲν αὐτοῦ πέρι τῆς ἀπορίας Pl.Sph. 243b

    .
    c with Verbs of motion, whither, Od.4.821, al.;

    ὁρᾷς ἵν' ἥκεις S.OT 687

    , al., Din.2.10;

    ιναπερ ὥρμητο Th. 4.74

    .
    II of circumstance, γάμος.., ἵ. χρή at which, when, Od.6.27; ἵ. μὲν ἐξῆν αὐτοῖς.., ἐνταῦθα.. when it was in their power, Antipho 6.9.
    2 = ἐάν, dub. in Il.7.353 (v.l. ἵν' ἄν, cf. Sch.), Archil. 74.7 codd., v.l. in Din.1.1, and Pl.Chrm. 176b.
    B Final Conj., that, in order that, from Hom. downwards, mostly first word in the clause, but sts. preceded by an emphatic word, Pl.Chrm. 169d;

    ἵ. δή Il.7.26

    , 23.207, Hdt.1.29, Pl.R. 420e, 610c: never with ἄν or κε (if found, these particles belong to the Verb, as in Od.12.156, E.IA 1579).
    I general usage:
    1 with subj.,
    a after primary tenses of ind., also subj. and imper.: [tense] pres. ind., Il.3.252, Od.2.111, X.Mem.3.2.3, Cyr.1.2.11, Isoc.3.2: [tense] pf. ind., Il.1.203, Isoc.4.129: [tense] fut., Od.2.307,4.591, X.Cyr.1.2.15; subj., S.OT 364; imper., Il.19.348,al., A.Pr.61, S.Ph. 880, Ar.Ra. 297, Pl.R. 341b, Men. 71d.
    b after historical tenses, in similes, where the [tense] aor. is gnomic, Od.5.490 ( αὔοι codd.); where [tense] aor. is treated as equiv. to [tense] pf., Il.9.99, Od.8.580, Hdt.5.91, Lys.1.4, D.9.26: when the purpose is regarded from the point of view of the speaker's present,

    σὲ παῖδα ποιεύμην ἵ. μοι.. λοιγὸν ἀμύνῃς Il.9.495

    , cf. Hdt.1.29, 6.100, Th.1.44, al., Lys.1.11,12,al.
    c after opt. and ἄν, when opt. with οὐκ ἄν is used with sense of imper., Il.24.264, Od.6.58; after βουλοίμην ἄν.., Lys.7.12.
    d after [tense] impf. with ἄν, D.23.7.
    2 with opt.,
    a after historical tenses, Il.5.3, Od.3.2, A. Th. 215, Lys.3.11, Pl.Prt. 314c, etc.: after the historical [tense] pres., E. Hec.11: sts. both moods, subj. and opt., follow in consecutive clauses, Od.3.77, Hdt.8.76,9.51, D.23.93,49.14.
    b after opt., Od.18.369, S.Ph. 325;

    βούλοιντ' ἂν ἡμᾶς ἐξολωλέναι, ἵνα.. λάβοιεν Ar. Pax 413

    .
    c rarely after primary tenses, by a shifting of the point of view, Od.17.250, Ar.Ra.24, Pl.R. 410c.
    3 with past tenses of ind.,
    a after unfulfilled wishes, Id.Cri. 44d.
    b after ind. with ἄν, to express a consequence which has not followed or cannot follow, S.OT 1389, Pl.Men. 89b, D.29.17: esp. after ἐβουλόμην ἄν.., Ar. V. 961, Lys.4.3.
    c after such Verbs as ἐχρῆν, ἔδει, E.Hipp. 647, Pl.Prt. 335c, Smp. 181e, Euthd. 304e, Isoc.9.5, D.24.48, Men.349.5, etc.: whenan unfulfilled obligation is implied, τεθαύμακα ὅτι οὐκ εἶπεν ( = ἔδει εἰπεῖν)

    .. ἵ... Pl.Tht. 161c

    ; ἀντὶ τοῦ κοσμεῖν ( = δέον κοσμεῖν)

    .. ἵ... D.36.47

    .
    d after [tense] pres. ind. in general statements (including the past),

    οὐδὲ γὰρ τὸ εἶναι ἔχει ἡ ὕλη, ἱ. ἀγαθοῦ ταύτῃ μετεῖχεν Plot.1.8.5

    .
    4 ἵ. μή as the neg. of ἵνα, that not, Il.19.348, etc.
    II special usages:
    1 like ὅπως, after Verbs of command and entreaty, is common only in later Gr. (but cf. Od.3.327 with ib.19), ἀξιοῦν ἵ... Decr. ap. D.18.155;

    δεήσεσθαι ἵ... D.H.1.83

    ;

    παρακαλεῖν ἵ... Arr.Epict.3.23.27

    : freq. in NT,

    ἐκήρυξαν ἵ. μετανοήσωσιν Ev.Marc.6.12

    , al.; of will, ὅσα ἐὰν θέλητε ἵ. ποιῶσιν.. ib.25: hence ἵ. c. subj. stands for infin., ἐν τούτῳ ἵ. καρπὸν φέρητε ( = ἐν τῷ φέρειν) Ev.Jo.15.8, etc.;

    πρῶτόν ἐστιν ἵ. κοιμηθῶ Arr.Epict.1.10.8

    , cf. M.Ant.8.29; also for ὥστε, LXX Ge.22.14,al., Plu.2.333a, Porph.Abst.2.33, etc.
    2 because, ἵ. ἀναγνῶ ἐτιμήθην I was honoured because I read, Anon. ap. A.D.Synt.266.5, cf. Conj.243.21, Choerob.in Theod.2.257, al.; not found in literature.
    3 elliptical usages,
    a where the purpose of the utterance is stated, Ζεὺς ἔσθ', ἵν' εἰδῇς 'tis Zeus,— [I tell thee this] that thou may'st know it, S.Ph. 989;

    ἵ. μὴ εἴπω ὅτι οὐδεμιᾷ Pl.R. 507d

    ;

    ἵ. συντέμω D.45.5

    ;

    ἵν' ἐκ τούτων ἄρξωμαι Id.21.43

    ; ἵ. δῶμεν.. granted that.., S.E.P.2.34, cf. 1.79.
    b in commands, introducing a principal sentence, ἵ. συντάξῃς order him.., PCair.Zen. 240.12 (iii B.C.);

    ἵ. λαλήσῃς PSI4.412.1

     (iii B.C.);

    ἵ. ἐλθὼν ἐπιθῇς τὰς χεῖρας αὐτῇ Ev.Marc.5.23

    ,cf. 2 Ep.Cor.8.7, LXX 2 Ma.1.9, Arr.Epict.4.1.41, Did. ap. Sch.S.OC 156.
    c ἵ. τί (sc. γένηται); to what end? either abs. or as a question, Ar.Ec. 719; or with a Verb following, Id. Pax 409, cf. Pl.Ap. 26d, etc.; ἵ. δὴ τί; Ar.Nu. 1192.
    d in indignant exclamations, to think that.. !

    Σωκράτης ἵ. πάθῃ ταῦτα Arr.Epict.1.29.16

    .
    III in later Gr. with ind., LXXEx.1.11,al., Ep.Gal.2.4, 4.17, etc.

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἵνα

  • 67 ὅμοιος

    ὅμοιος or (as in Hom., [dialect] Ion., and old [dialect] Att.) [full] ὁμοῖος, α, ον (cf. ἐρῆμος, ἑτοῖμος): later [dialect] Ep. also [full] ὁμοίιος (B, q.v.) ; [dialect] Aeol. [full] ὔμοιος Theoc.29.20 (Adv.
    A

    - ως IG12(2).69a6

    ) ; Arc. [full] ὑμοῖος Schwyzer 665A15 (Orchom., iv B.C.): ([etym.] ὁμός):—like, resembling, ὡς αἰεὶ τὸν ὁ. ἄγει θεὸς ὡς τὸν ὁ. 'birds of a feather flock together', Od.17.218 ;

    ὁ ὅ. τῷ ὁ. Pl.Grg. 510b

     ;

    ὁ ὅ. ὡς τὸν ὅ. Arist.EN 1155a34

     ; τὸ ὅ. τῷ ὁ. φίλον ib. 1165b17, v. infr. 6 ; ὡς ἐπὶ τῶν ὁ. as in similar cases (of persons), BGU79.18 (ii A.D.), etc.: [comp] Comp.

    - ότερος

     more like,

    Pl.Phd. 79b

     : [comp] Sup.

    - ότατος

     most like,

    Hdt.2.92

    , S.Ant. 833 (lyr.), etc.
    2 the same,

    ἄμφω γὰρ πέπρωται ὁμοίην γαῖαν ἐρεῦσαι Il.18.329

     ;

    χρὼς οὐκέθ' ὁ. Od.16.182

     ; hence (sc. ἑαυτῷ), always the same, unchanging,

    αἰεὶ πόδας καὶ χεῖρας ὁμοῖοι Hes.Op. 114

     ;

    ὅ. τὴν γνώμην

     the same as ever,

    Antipho 5.76

     ;

    γνῶμαι πρὸς τοὺς αὐτοὺς κινδύνους ὁμοῖαι Th.2.89

     ;

    ἀεὶ ὅ. εἶ, ὦ Ἀπολλόδωρε Pl.Smp. 173d

     ; ἓν καὶ ὅ. one and the same, Id.Phdr. 271a.
    3 equal in force, a match for one, Il.23.632, Hdt.9.96.
    4 of things, suiting, according with,

    πολλά τε καὶ ὅ. ἑαυταῖς Id.R.549e

     ;

    ὅ. τῇ φύσει Ar.Th. 167

    .
    5 ὁμοῖον ἡμῖν ἔσται it will be all the same, all one to us, Hdt.8.80 ;

    σὺ δ' αἰνεῖν εἴτε με ψέγειν θέλεις, ὁμοῖον A.Ag. 1404

    , cf. 1239, E.Supp. 1069 ;

    ἐν τῷ ὁ. καθειστήκει Th.2.49

    .
    6 τὸ ὅ. ἀνταποδιδόναι give 'tit for tat', Hdt.1.18 ; so τὴν ὁμοίην (sc. δίκην, χάριν)

    ἀποδιδόναι τινί Id.4.119

    , 6.21,62 ; τὴν ὁ. φέρεσθαι παρά τινος to have a like return made one, ibid. ; ἐπ' ἴσῃ καὶ ὁμοίᾳ, v. ἴσος 11.2.
    8

    ἐκ τοῦ ὁ.

     in like fashion, likewise,

    Th.6.78

    ,87 ;

    ἐκ τῶν ὁ.

     ceteris paribus,

    Pl.Phdr. 243d

     ; on equal terms, in fair fight, A.Ag. 1423 ; so ἐν τῷ ὁ. στρατεύεσθαι καὶ ὅτε.. as when.., Th.6.21, etc.
    II of the same rank or station, Hdt.1.134 ;

    γαμεῖν ἐκ τῶν ὁ. Cleobul.

     ap. Stob.3.1.172, POxy.124.2 (iii A.D.), PSI 2.120.33 (iv A.D.?): hence οἱ ὅμοιοι, in aristocratic states, peers, all citizens who had equal right to hold state-offices, esp. at Sparta, X.HG 3.3.5, Lac.13.1,7, Arist.Pol. 1306b30 ;

    Περσέων ὁμοίους τοῖσι πρώτοισι δυώδεκα Hdt.3.35

    .
    III Geom., of figures, similar, Euc.6 Def.1, 3 Def.11, al. ; of angles, similar, i.e. equal, Arist.Cael. 296b20, 297b19, 311b34, cf. Thalesap.Procl.in Euc.1p.251F.
    2 of Numbers, square, the product of two equal factors, Plot.6.2.21 ; cf.

    ἀνόμοιος 2

    .
    B Construction:
    1 abs., freq. in Hom., etc. (v. supr.).
    2 c. dat. of the person or thing which another resembles: so always in Hom., Hes., and usu. in Hdt. and [dialect] Att. (v. supr.): but sts. c. gen., τοῖσι τούτων ὁμοίοις χύμασι v.l. in Hp.Art.12 (DielsZtschr.f.vergl. Sprachf.47.200), v. l. in Hdt.3.37 and Pl.R. 472d ; τουτέων οὐκ ἔστιν ἄλλο ἔθνος ὁμοίας τὰς κεφαλὰς ἔχον οὐδέν (ellipt. as in b. infr.) Hp. Aër.14 ;

    ὁ λεκτικὸς πῇ μὲν ὅμοιος Ἡροδότου, πῇ δὲ ἐνδεέστερος D.H. Pomp.4

     ;

    ὁμοία ἀνδριάντος Dion.Byz.53

     ;

    ὅμοιον ἱέρακος Cyran.22

    , cf. 12.
    b ellipt. phrases, κόμαι Χαρίτεσσιν ὁμοῖαι, for κόμαι ταῖς τῶν Χαρίτων ὁμοῖαι, Il.17.51 ; οὔ τις ὁμοῖα νοήματα Πηνελοπείῃ ᾔδη, for τοῖς τῆς Πηνελοπείης, Od.2.121 : also in Prose, ἅρματα ὅ. ἐκείνῳ, for τοῖς ἐκείνου, X.Cyr.6.1.50 ; ὁμοίαν ταῖς δούλαις ἐσθῆτα, for τῇ τῶν δουλῶν, ib.5.1.4 ; cf.

    ἴσος 1.1

    ,

    συγγενής 111.2

    .
    3 c. acc. of that in which a person or thing resembles another,

    ἀθανάτῃσι φυὴν καὶ εἶδος ὁμοίη Od.6.16

    , cf. 3.468, Il.5.778 ;

    ὀργὴν ὁ. τῷ κάκιστ' αὐδωμένῳ A.Th. 678

    , cf. S.Aj. 1153, etc.: also with Preps.,

    ὁμοῖοι ἐν πολέμῳ Il.12.270

     ;

    ἐς φύσιν οὐδὲν ὁ. Batr.32

     ;

    ὅ. τινὶ πρός τι X.Cyn.5.29

     ; but οὐδὲν ὁμοῖον ἦν μοι πρὸς τοῦτον I had nothing in common with him, Is. 8.26.
    4 c. inf., θείειν ἀνέμοισιν ὁμοῖοι like the winds in running, Il. 10.437 ; τῷ οὔ πώ τις ὁμοῖος κοσμῆσαι ἵππους like him to marshal or in marshalling horses, 2.553, cf. 14.521 ; ὅμοιοι ἦσαν θαυμάζειν (s. v.l., θαυμάζοντες codd. dett.) X.An.3.5.13.
    b

    ὅμοιον εἰπεῖν

     approximately,

    Men.Epit. 548

    .
    5 folld. by a Relat., ὁμοίη, οἵην με τὸ πρῶτον ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖσι νόησας like as when thou saw'st me first, h.Ven. 178 ;

    ὅμοιον.., οἷόνπερ τὸ τῶν ποταμῶν X.HG4.2.11

    , cf. Hier.7.5, Cyr.6.1.37 : folld. by ὅσπερ, Id.An.5.4.34 ; by

    ὥσπερ, ὁ. ἀτμὸς ὥσπερ ἐκ τάφου πρέπει A.Ag. 1311

    , cf. X.Smp.4.37 ; by ὥστε, E.Or. 697 ; v. infr. c.
    6 folld. by καί (='as'),

    γνώμῃσι ἐχρέωντο ὁμοίῃσι καὶ σύ Hdt.7.50

    , cf. Th.1.120, Pl.Cri. 48b, Tht. 154a ;

    οὐδέν τι γενόμενος ἐς Ἀχαιοὺς ὅμοιος [ἢ] καὶ Καλλίστρατος.. Paus.7.16.4

     ; v. καί A. 111.
    C Adv., freq. in the neut. sg. and pl. ὅμοιον, ὅμοια (older ὁμοῖον, ὁμοῖα) in like manner with, c. dat., ὁμοῖα τοῖσι μάλιστα 'second to none', Hdt.3.8, cf. Th.7.29 ;

    ὁμοῖα τοῖσι πλουσιωτάτοισι Hdt.3.57

     ;

    ὅμοιον μουσίσδει.. ταῖσιν ἀηδονίσι Theoc.8.37

     : folld. by a relat. Partic., ὁμοῖον ὥστε.. even as, S.Ant. 587 (lyr.) ;

    ὁ. ὡς εἰ.. Pl.Lg. 628d

     ;

    ὁμοῖα καὶ βοῦς ἐργάτης S.Fr. 563

    .
    II regul. Adv. ὁμοίως in like manner with, c. dat., Hdt.1.32, al. ;

    τοῖς μάλισθ' ὁ. D.Ep.2.24

     : folld. by a relat. Partic.,

    ὁ. ὡς εἰ.. Hdt.1.155

     ;

    ὁ. ὥσπερ.. X.Cyr.1.4.6

     ;

    ὁ. καὶ.. Hdt. 7.86

    , 8.60.β' : abs., ὁ. δέ and in like manner, PEleph.15.1 (iii B. C.), etc.
    2 alike, equally, Pi.P.9.78, Hdt.7.100 ;

    Δαναοῖσι Τρωσί θ' ὁ. A.Ag.67

     (anap.) ;

    λέγειν.. σιγᾶν θ' ὁ. Id.Eu. 278

    , etc. ;

    τῷ νῷ θ' ὁ. κἀπὸ τῆς γλώσσης S.OC 936

     ;

    ὁ. μὲν.., ὁ. δὲ.. Pl.Prt. 319d

     ;

    ὁ. ἀμφοῖν ἀκροάσασθαι D.18.2

     ;

    ὁ. ἔχειν

     to be uniform,

    Arist.Ph. 261b25

     : prov.,

    οὐδ' ὅκου χώρης οἱ μῦς ὁ. τὸν σίδηρον τρώγουσιν

     like any other food,

    Herod. 3.76

     (but perh. all alike, cf. Ar.Eq. 1296 cod. R, Th.5.15 (s. v.l.), Plu.2.763c): [comp] Comp.

    - ότερον AP11.233

     (Lucill.): [comp] Sup.

    - ότατα Ar.Fr. 281

    .

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ὅμοιος

  • 68 καί

    καί conjunction (Hom.+), found most frequently by far of all Gk. particles in the NT; since it is not only used much more commonly here than in other Gk. lit. but oft. in a different sense, or rather in different circumstances, it contributes greatly to some of the distinctive coloring of the NT style.—HMcArthur, ΚΑΙ Frequency in Greek Letters, NTS 15, ’68/69, 339–49. The vivacious versatility of κ. (for earlier Gk. s. Denniston 289–327) can easily be depressed by the tr. ‘and’, whose repetition in a brief area of text lacks the support of arresting aspects of Gk. syntax.
    ① marker of connections, and
    ⓐ single words
    α. gener. Ἰάκωβος καὶ Ἰωσὴφ καὶ Σίμων καὶ Ἰούδας Mt 13:55. χρυσὸν καὶ λίβανον καὶ σμύρναν 2:11. ἡ ἐντολὴ ἁγία καὶ δικαία καὶ ἀγαθή Ro 7:12. πολυμερῶς κ. πολυτρόπως Hb 1:1. ὁ θεὸς κ. πατήρ God, who is also the Father 1 Cor 15:24; cp. 2 Cor 1:3; 11:31; Eph 1:3; Js 1:27; 3:9 al.—Connects two occurrences of the same word for emphasis (OGI 90, 19 [196 B.C.] Ἑρμῆς ὁ μέγας κ. μέγας; pap in Mayser II/1, 54) μείζων κ. μείζων greater and greater Hv 4, 1, 6. ἔτι κ. ἔτι again and again B 21:4; Hs 2, 6 (B-D-F §493, 1; 2; s. Rob. 1200).
    β. w. numerals, w. the larger number first δέκα καὶ ὁκτώ Lk 13:16. τεσσεράκοντα κ. ἕξ J 2:20. τετρακόσιοι κ. πεντήκοντα Ac 13:20.—The καί in 2 Cor 13:1 ἐπὶ στόματος δύο μαρτύρων καὶ τριῶν σταθήσεται πᾶν ῥῆμα=‘or’ ([v.l. ἢ τριῶν for καὶ τριῶν as it reads Mt 18:16]; cp. Js 4:13 v.l. σήμερον καὶ αὔριον=‘today or tomorrow’, but s. above all Thu. 1, 82, 2; Pla., Phd. 63e; X., De Re Equ. 4, 4 ἁμάξας τέτταρας καὶ πέντε; Heraclides, Pol. 58 τρεῖς καὶ τέσσαρας; Polyb. 3, 51, 12 ἐπὶ δυεῖν καὶ τρισὶν ἡμέραις; 5, 90, 6; Diod S 34 + 35 Fgm. 2, 28 εἷς καὶ δύο=one or two; schol. on Apollon. Rhod. 4, 1091 p. 305, 22 W. τριέτης καὶ τετραέτης) by the statement of two or three witnesses every charge must be sustained, as explained by Dt 19:15.
    γ. adding the whole to the part and in general (Aristoph., Nub. 1239 τὸν Δία καὶ τοὺς θεούς; Thu. 1, 116, 3; 7, 65, 1) Πέτρος καὶ οἱ ἀπόστολοι Peter and the rest of the apostles Ac 5:29. οἱ ἀρχιερεῖς κ. τὸ συνέδριον ὅλον the high priest and all the rest of the council Mt 26:59. Vice versa, adding a (specially important) part to the whole and especially (πᾶς Ἰουδὰ καὶ Ἰερουσαλήμ 2 Ch 35:24; cp. 32, 33; 1 Macc 2:6) τοῖς μαθηταῖς κ. τῷ Πέτρῳ Mk 16:7. σὺν γυναιξὶ κ. Μαριάμ Ac 1:14.
    δ. The expr. connected by καί can be united in the form of a hendiadys (Alcaeus 117, 9f D.2 χρόνος καὶ καρπός=time of fruit; Soph., Aj. 144; 749; Polyb. 6, 9, 4; 6, 57, 5 ὑπεροχὴ καὶ δυναστεία=1, 2, 7; 5, 45, 1 ὑπεροχὴ τῆς δυναστείας; Diod S 5, 67, 3 πρὸς ἀνανέωσιν καὶ μνήμην=renewal of remembrance; 15, 63, 2 ἀνάγκη καὶ τύχη=compulsion of fate; 16, 93, 2 ἐπιβουλὴ κ. θάνατος=a fatal plot; Jos., Ant. 12, 98 μετὰ χαρᾶς κ. βοῆς=w. a joyful cry; 17, 82 ἀκρίβεια κ. φυλακή) ἐξίσταντο ἐπὶ τῇ συνέσει καὶ ταῖς ἀποκρίσεσιν αὐτοῦ they were amazed at his intelligent answers Lk 2:47. δώσω ὑμῖν στόμα κ. σοφίαν I will give you wise utterance 21:15. τροφὴ κ. εὐφροσύνη joy concerning (your) food Ac 14:17. ἐλπὶς κ. ἀνάστασις hope of a resurrection 23:6 (2 Macc 3:29 ἐλπὶς καὶ σωτηρία; s. OLagercrantz, ZNW 31, ’32, 86f; GBjörck, ConNeot 4, ’40, 1–4).
    ε. A colloquial feature is the coordination of two verbs, one of which should be a ptc. (s. B-D-F §471; Rob. 1135f) ἀποτολμᾷ κ. λέγει = ἀποτολμῶν λέγει he is so bold as to say Ro 10:20. ἔσκαψεν κ. ἐβάθυνεν (=βαθύνας) Lk 6:48. ἐκρύβη κ. ἐξῆλθεν (=ἐξελθών) J 8:59. Sim. χαίρων κ. βλέπων I am glad to see Col 2:5. Linking of subordinate clause and ptc. Μαριὰμ ὡς ἦλθεν … καὶ ἰδοῦσα J 11:32 v.l. Cp. παραλαβών … καὶ ἀνέβη Lk 9:28 v.l.
    ⓑ clauses and sentences
    α. gener.: ἐν γαστρὶ ἕξει κ. τέξεται υἱόν Mt 1:23 (Is 7:14). εἰσῆλθον … κ. ἐδίδασκον Ac 5:21. διακαθαριεῖ τὴν ἅλωνα αὐτοῦ κ. συνάξει τὸν σῖτον Mt 3:12. κεκένωται ἡ πίστις καὶ κατήργηται ἡ ἐπαγγελία Ro 4:14 and very oft. Connecting two questions Mt 21:23, or quotations (e.g. Ac 1:20), and dialogue (Lk 21:8), or alternate possibilities (13:18).
    β. Another common feature is the practice, drawn fr. Hebrew or fr. the speech of everyday life, of using κ. as a connective where more discriminating usage would call for other particles: καὶ εἶδον καὶ (for ὅτι) σεισμὸς ἐγένετο Rv 6:12. καὶ ἤκουσεν ὁ βασιλεὺς … καὶ (for ὅτι) ἔλεγον and the king learned that they were saying Mk 6:14 (s. HLjungvik, ZNW 33, ’34, 90–92; on this JBlinzler, Philol. 96, ’43/44, 119–31). τέξεται υἱὸν καὶ καλέσεις τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ (for οὗ τὸ ὄνομα καλ.) Mt 1:21; cp. Lk 6:6; 11:44. καλόν ἐστιν ἡμᾶς ὧδε εἶναι καὶ ποιήσωμεν σκηνάς Mk 9:5. Esp. freq. is the formula in historical narrative καὶ ἐγένετο … καὶ (like וַ … וַיְהִי) and it happened or came about … that Mt 9:10; Mk 2:15; Lk 5:1 v.l. (for ἐγένετο δὲ … καὶ; so also the text of 6:12), 12, 17; 14:1; 17:11 al. (Gen 7:10 al.; JosAs 11:1; 22:1). S. MJohannessohn, Das bibl. Καὶ ἐγένετο u. seine Geschichte, 1926 (fr. ZVS 35, 1925, 161–212); KBeyer, Semitische Syntax im NT I, 1 ’62, 29–62; Mlt-Turner 334f; ÉDelebecque, Études Grecques sur L’Évangile de Luc ’76, 123–65; JVoelz, The Language of the NT: ANRW II/25/2, 893–977, esp. 959–64.—As in popular speech, κ. is used in rapid succession Mt 14:9ff; Mk 1:12ff; Lk 18:32ff; J 2:13ff; 1 Cor 12:5f; Rv 6:12ff; 9:1ff. On this kind of colloquial speech, which joins independent clauses rather than subordinating one to the other (parataxis rather than hypotaxis) s. B-D-F §458; Rdm.2 p. 222; Rob. 426; Dssm., LO 105ff (LAE 129ff), w. many references and parallels fr. secular sources. This is a favorite, e.g., in Polyaenus 2, 3, 2–4; 2, 4, 3; 3, 9, 10; 3, 10, 2; 4, 6, 1; 7, 36 al.
    γ. It is also coordination rather than subordination when κ. connects an expr. of time with that which occurs in the time (Od. 5, 362; Hdt. 7, 217; Thu. 1, 50, 5; Pla., Symp. 220c; Aeschin. 3, 71 νὺξ ἐν μέσῳ καὶ παρῆμεν; s. B-D-F §442, 4; KBrugmann4-AThumb, Griechische Gramm. 1913, 640*): ἤγγικεν ἡ ὥρα κ. παραδίδοται the time has come when he is to be given up Mt 26:45. κ. ἐσταύρωσαν αὐτόν when they crucified him Mk 15:25. κ. ἀνέβη εἰς Ἰεροσόλυμα when he went up to Jerusalem J 2:13. κ. συντελέσω when I will make Hb 8:8 (Jer 38:31); cp. J 4:35; 7:33; Lk 19:43; 23:44; Ac 5:7.
    δ. καί introducing an apodosis is really due to Hebr./LXX infl. (B-D-F §442, 7; Abel §78a, 6 p. 341; Mlt-H. 422; KBeyer, Semitische Syntax im NT I, 1 ’62, 66–72; but not offensive to ears trained in good Gk.: s. Il. 1, 478; Hdt. 1, 79, 2; sim.Thu. 2, 93, 4 ὡς ἔδοξεν αὐτοῖς, καὶ ἐχώρουν εὐθύς; 8, 27, 5; Herm. Wr. 13, 1 …, καὶ ἔφης; Delebecque [s. above in β] 130–32) καὶ ὅτε ἐπλήσθησαν ἡμέραι ὀκτὼ …, κ. ἐκλήθη τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ Lk 2:21; cp. Rv 3:20. Also κ. ἰδού in an apodosis Lk 7:12; Ac 1:10.
    ε. connecting negative and affirmative clauses Lk 3:14. οὔτε ἄντλημα ἔχεις κ. τὸ φρέαρ ἐστὶ βαθύ you have no bucket, and the well is deep J 4:11; cp. 3J 10 (οὔτε … καί Eur., Iph. Taur. 591f; Longus, Past. 1, 17; 4, 28; Aelian, NA 1, 57; 11, 9; Lucian, Dial. Meretr. 2, 4 οὔτε πάντα ἡ Λεσβία, Δωρί, πρὸς σὲ ἐψεύσατο καὶ σὺ τἀληθῆ ἀπήγγελκας Μυρτίῳ ‘It wasn’t all lies that Lesbia told you, Doris; and you certainly reported the truth to Myrtium’). After a negative clause, which influences the clause beginning w. καί: μήποτε καταπατήσουσιν … κ. στραφέντες ῥήξωσιν ὑμᾶς Mt 7:6; cp. 5:25; 10:38; 13:15 (Is 6:10); 27:64; Lk 12:58; 21:34; J 6:53; 12:40 (Is 6:10); Ac 28:27 (Is 6:10); 1 Th 3:5; Hb 12:15; Rv 16:15.
    ζ. to introduce a result that comes fr. what precedes: and then, and so Mt 5:15; 23:32; Mk 8:34; 2 Cor 11:9; Hb 3:19; 1J 3:19. καὶ ἔχομεν and so we have 2 Pt 1:19. Esp. after the impv., or expr. of an imperatival nature (Soph., Oed. Col. 1410ff θέσθε … καὶ … οἴσει, El. 1207; Sir 2:6; 3:17) δεῦτε ὀπίσω μου καὶ ποιήσω and then I will make Mt 4:19. εἰπὲ λόγῳ, κ. ἰαθήσεται ὁ παῖς μου speak the word, and then my servant will be cured Mt 8:8; Lk 7:7; cp. Mt 7:7; Mk 6:22; Lk 10:28; J 14:16; Js 4:7, 10; Rv 4:1.—καί introduces a short clause that confirms the existence of someth. that ought to be: ἵνα τέκνα θεοῦ κληθῶμεν, καὶ ἐσμέν that we should be called children of God; and so we really are (καλέω 1d) 1J 3:1 (Appian, Bell. Civ. 2, 40 §161 they were to conquer Sardinia, καὶ κατέλαβον=and they really took it; 4, 127 §531 one day would decide [κρίνειν] the fate of Rome, καὶ ἐκρίθη).
    η. emphasizing a fact as surprising or unexpected or noteworthy: and yet, and in spite of that, nevertheless (Eur., Herc. Fur. 509; Philostrat., Her. 11 [II 184, 29 Kayser] ῥητορικώτατον καὶ δεινόν; Longus, Past. 4, 17 βουκόλος ἦν Ἀγχίσης καὶ ἔσχεν αὐτὸν Ἀφροδίτη) κ. σὺ ἔρχῃ πρὸς μέ; and yet you come to me? Mt 3:14; cp. 6:26; 10:29; Mk 12:12; J 1:5, 10; 3:11, 32; 5:40; 6:70; 7:28; 1 Cor 5:2; 2 Cor 6:9; Hb 3:9 (Ps 94:9); Rv 3:1. So also, connecting what is unexpected or otherw. noteworthy with an attempt of some kind (JBlomqvist, Das sogennante και adversativum ’79): but ζητεῖ κ. οὐχ εὑρίσκει but he finds none (no resting place) Mt 12:43. ἐπεθύμησαν ἰδεῖν κ. οὐχ εἶδαν but did not see (it) 13:17; cp. 26:60; Lk 13:7; 1 Th 2:18. Cp. GJs 18:3 (not pap). Perhaps Mk 5:20. Introducing a contrasting response καὶ ἀποδώσεις μοι Hv 2, 1, 3.
    θ. to introduce an abrupt question, which may often express wonder, ill-will, incredulity, etc. (B-D-F §442, 8. For older lit. exx. of this usage s. Kühner-G. II p. 247f; for later times EColwell, The Gk. of the Fourth Gospel ’31, 87f): κ. πόθεν μοι τοῦτο; how have I deserved this? Lk 1:43. κ. τίς; who then? Mk 10:26; Lk 10:29; J 9:36. καὶ τί γέγονεν ὅτι … ; how does it happen that … ? 14:22. καὶ πῶς σὺ λέγεις … ; how is it, then, that you say … J 14:9 v.l. W. a protasis εἰ γὰρ ἐγὼ λυπῶ ὑμᾶς, κ. τίς ὁ εὐφραίνων με; for if I make you sad, who then will cheer me up? 2 Cor 2:2 (cp. Ps.-Clem., Hom. 2, 43; 44 εἰ [ὁ θεὸς] ψεύδεται, καὶ τίς ἀληθεύει;). Thus Phil 1:22 is prob. to be punctuated as follows (s. ADebrunner, GGA 1926, 151): εἰ δὲ τὸ ζῆν ἐν σαρκί, τοῦτο μοι καρπὸς ἔργου, καὶ τί αἱρήσομαι; οὐ γνωρίζω but if living on here means further productive work, then which shall I choose? I really don’t know. καὶ πῶς αὐτοῦ υἱός ἐστιν; how, then, is he his son? Lk 20:44 (cp. Gen 39:9).
    ι. to introduce a parenthesis (Eur., Orest. 4, Hel. 393; X., Equ. 11, 2.—B-D-F §465, 1; Rob. 1182) κ. ἐκωλύθην ἄρχι τοῦ δεῦρο but so far I have been prevented Ro 1:13.
    ⓒ oft. explicative; i.e., a word or clause is connected by means of καί w. another word or clause, for the purpose of explaining what goes before it and so, that is, namely (PPetr II, 18 [1], 9 πληγὰς … καὶ πλείους=blows … indeed many of them.—Kühner-G. II 247; B-D-F §442, 9; Rob. 1181; Mlt-Turner 335) χάριν κ. ἀποστολήν grace, that is, the office of an apostle Ro 1:5. ἀπήγγειλαν πάντα καὶ τὰ τ. δαιμονιζομένων they told everything, namely what had happened to those who were possessed Mt 8:33. καὶ χάριν ἀντὶ χάριτος that is, grace upon grace J 1:16. Cp. 1 Cor 3:5; 15:38.—Mt 21:5.—Other explicative uses are καὶ οὗτος, καὶ τοῦτο, καὶ ταῦτα (the first and last are in earlier Gk.: Hdt., X. et al.; s. Kühner-G. I 647; II 247) and, also ascensive and indeed, and at that Ἰ. Χρ., καὶ τοῦτον ἐσταυρωμένον J. Chr., (and) indeed him on the cross 1 Cor 2:2. καὶ τοῦτο Ro 13:11; 1 Cor 6:6, 8; Eph 2:8. καὶ ταῦτα w. ptc. and to be sure Hb 11:12. See B-D-F §290, 5; 425, 1; 442, 9.—The ascensive force of καί is also plain in Ῥωμαῖον καὶ ἀκατάκριτον a Roman citizen, and uncondemned at that Ac 22:25. ἔρχεται ὥρα καὶ νῦν ἐστιν an hour is coming, indeed it is already here J 5:25. προσέθηκεν καὶ τοῦτο ἐπὶ πᾶσιν καὶ κατέκλεισεν τὸν Ἰωάννην ἐν φυλακῇ added this on top of everything else, namely to put John in prison Lk 3:20.
    ⓓ After πολύς and before a second adj. καί is pleonastic fr. the viewpoint of modern lang. (earlier Gk.: Hom. et al. [Kühner-G. II 252, 1]; cp. Cebes 1, 1 πολλὰ καὶ ἄλλα ἀναθήματα; 2, 3; B-D-F §442, 11) πολλὰ … κ. ἄλλα σημεῖα many other signs J 20:30 (cp. Jos., Ant. 3, 318). πολλὰ κ. βαρέα αἰτιώματα many severe charges Ac 25:7. πολλὰ … καὶ ἕτερα Lk 3:18 (cp. Himerius, Or. 40 [=Or. 6], 6 πολλὰ καὶ ἄλλα). πολλοὶ καὶ ἀνυπότακτοι Tit 1:10.
    ⓔ introducing someth. new, w. loose connection: Mt 4:23; 8:14, 23, 28; 9:1, 9, 27, 35; 10:1; 12:27; Mk 5:1, 21; Lk 8:26; J 1:19 and oft.
    ⓕ καί … καί both … and, not only …, but also (Synes., Dreams 10 p. 141b καὶ ἀπιστεῖν ἔξεστι καὶ πιστεύειν.—B-D-F §444, 3; Rob. 1182; Mlt-Turner 335) connecting single expressions Mt 10:28; Mk 4:41; Ro 11:33; Phil 2:13; 4:12. κ. ἐν ὀλίγῳ κ. ἐν μεγάλῳ Ac 26:29. κ. ἅπαξ κ. δίς (s. ἅπαξ 1) Phil 4:16; 1 Th 2:18. Connecting whole clauses or sentences: Mk 9:13; J 7:28; 9:37; 12:28; 1 Cor 1:22. Introducing contrasts: although … yet (Anthol. VII, 676 Δοῦλος Ἐπίκτητος γενόμην καὶ σῶμʼ ἀνάπηρος καὶ πενίην ῏Ιρος καὶ φίλος ἀθανάτοις ‘I was Epictetus, a slave; crippled in body and an Iros [a beggar in Hom., Od.] in poverty, but dear to the Immortals’) J 15:24; Ac 23:3. καὶ … κ. οὐ Lk 5:36; J 6:36. καὶ οὐ … καί 17:25; κ. … κ. now … now Mk 9:22. On τὲ … καί s. τέ 2c. Somet. w. ἤ q.v. 1aβ.—HCadbury, Superfluous καί in the Lord’s Prayer (i.e. Mt 6:12) and Elsewhere: Munera Studiosa (=WHatch Festschr.) ’46.
    ② marker to indicate an additive relation that is not coordinate to connect clauses and sentences, also, likewise, funct. as an adv.
    ⓐ simply κ. τὴν ἄλλην the other one also Mt 5:39; cp. vs. 40; 6:21; 12:45; Mk 1:38; 2:26; 8:7 and oft. Freq. used w. pronouns κἀγώ (q.v.). καὶ σύ Mt 26:73. κ. ὑμεῖς 20:4, 7; Lk 21:31; J 7:47 and oft. κ. αὐτός (s. αὐτός 1f).
    ⓑ intensive: even Mt 5:46f; 10:30; Mk 1:27; Lk 10:17; J 14:9 v.l.; Ac 5:39; 22:28; Ro 9:24 (ἀλλὰ καί); 1 Cor 2:10; 2 Cor 1:8; Gal 2:17; Eph 5:12; Phlm 21; Hb 7:25; 1 Pt 4:19 (but s. d below); Jd 23; Hs 5, 2, 10; 7:1; ἔτι καὶ νῦν Dg 2:3. CBlackman, JBL 87, ’68, 203f would transl. Ro 3:26b: … even in the act of declaring righteous (cp. the gen. abs. Polemon Soph. B 14 Reader καὶ Δάτιδος ἀποπλέοντος=even though Datis was sailing away). In formulas expressing a wish: ὄφελον καί if only, would that Gal 5:12. In connection w. a comparative: κ. περισσότερον προφήτου one who is even more than a prophet Mt 11:9. κ. μείζονα ποιήσει J 14:12.
    ⓒ In sentences denoting a contrast καί appears in var. ways, somet. in both members of the comparison, and oft. pleonastically, to our way of thinking καθάπερ …, οὕτως καί as …, thus also 2 Cor 8:11. ὥσπερ …, οὕτως καί (Hyperid. 1, 2, 5–8) Ro 5:19; 11:30f; 1 Cor 11:12; 15:22; Gal 4:29. ὡς …, οὕτως καί Ro 5:15, 18. ὸ̔ν τρόπον …, οὕτως καί 2 Ti 3:8.—οὕτως καί thus also Ro 6:11. ὡσαύτως καί in the same way also 1 Cor 11:25. ὁμοίως καί (Jos., Bell. 2, 575) J 6:11; Jd 8. ὡς καί Ac 11:17; 1 Cor 7:7; 9:5. καθὼς καί Ro 15:7; 1 Cor 13:12; 2 Cor 1:14; Eph 4:17. καθάπερ καί Ro 4:6; 2 Cor 1:14.—καί can also stand alone in the second member w. the mng. so also, so. ὡς … καί Mt 6:10; Ac 7:51; Gal 1:9; Phil 1:20. καθὼς … καί Lk 6:31 v.l.; J 6:57; 13:15; 1 Cor 15:49.—οἷος …, τοιοῦτος καί 1 Cor 15:48. After a comp. ὅσῳ καί by so much also Hb 8:6. καί is found in both members of the comparison (s. Kühner-G. II 256; 2 Macc 2:10; 6:14) Ro 1:13; 1 Th 2:14. καθὼς καὶ … οὕτως καί Col 3:13 (cp. Hyperid. 1, 40, 20–25 ὥσπερ καὶ … οὕτω καί; 3, 38).
    ⓓ w. expressions that introduce cause or result, here also pleonastic to a considerable degree διὰ τοῦτο καί for this reason (also) Lk 11:49; J 12:18. διὸ καί Lk 1:35; Ac 10:29; Ro 4:22; Hb 13:12. εἰς τοῦτο καί 2 Cor 2:9. ὥστε καί 1 Pt 4:19 (but this pass. may well fit in b). ὅθεν καί Hb 7:25; 11:19.
    ⓔ after an interrogative (as Thu., X., et al.; s. Kühner-G. II 255. S. also B-D-F §442, 14) at all, still ἱνατί καὶ τ. γῆν καταργεῖ; Lk 13:7. τί καί; (Hyperid. 3, 14 τί καὶ ἀδικεῖ; what kind of wrong, then, is he committing?) τί καὶ ἐλπίζει; why does he still (need to) hope? Ro 8:24. v.l. τί καὶ βαπτίζονται; why are they baptized (at all)? 1 Cor 15:29; cp. vs. 30.
    ⓕ used w. a relative, it oft. gives greater independence to the foll. relative clause: Mk 3:14; Lk 10:30; J 11:2 v.l.; Ac 1:3, 11; 7:45; 10:39; 11:30; 12:4; 13:22; 28:10; Ro 9:24; 1 Cor 11:23; Gal 2:10; Col 1:29 al.
    ⓖ used pleonastically w. prep.
    α. μετά (BGU 412, 6 μετὰ καὶ τ. υἱοῦ) Phil 4:3.
    β. σύν (ins in PASA III 612; PFay 108; BGU 179, 19; 515, 17) 1 Cl 65:1.—Dssm., NB 93 (BS 265f).
    ⓗ w. double names ὁ καί who is also called … (the earliest ex. in a fragment of Ctesias: 688 Fgm. 15, 51 p. 469, 23 Jac. ῏Ωχος καὶ Δαρειαῖος [s. Hatch 141]; OGI 565; 574; 583; 589; 603; 604; 620; 623; 636; POxy 45; 46; 54; 101; 485; 1279; PFay 30; BGU 22, 25; 36, 4; Jos., Ant. 1, 240; 5, 85; 12, 285; 13, 320; 18, 35. Further material in WSchmid, Der Atticismus III 1893, 338; Dssm., B 181ff [BS 313–17]. Lit. in B-D-F §268, 1) Σαῦλος, ὁ καὶ Παῦλος Ac 13:9. Ἰγνάτιος, ὁ καὶ Θεοφόρος ins of all the letters of Ign.
    ⓘ with other particles
    α. καὶ γάρ for (s. γάρ 1b).—καὶ γὰρ … ἀλλά (or granted that … but) 2 Cor 13:4; Phil 2:27.—καὶ γὰρ οὐ(κ): neither 1 Cor 11:9; for even … not 2 Cor 3:10.
    β. καί γε (without intervening word [opp. earlier Gk, e.g. Pla., Phd. 58d; Rep. 7, 531a]: Hippocr., Septim. 9, VII 450 Littré; Cornutus p. 40, 12; Περὶ ὕψους 13, 2; Rhetor Apsines [III A.D.] p. 332, 17 Hammer; TestReub 4:4 al.; for גָּם always in Theod. [DBarthélemy, Les devanciers d’Aquila ’63, 31ff]), weakened force: (if) only or at least Lk 19:42 v.l.; intensive: indeed (Jos. Ant 29, 19) Ac 2:18 (J 3:2 v.l.; Mel., P. 30, 207); Hm 8:5; 9:9. καί γε οὐ μακράν= and indeed God is not far Ac 17:27.—Kühner-G. II 176b; Schwyzer II 561; B-D-F §439, 2; Rdm.2 35–37.
    γ. καὶ … δέ and also, but also (s. δέ 5b).
    δ. καίτοι (Il. 13, 267 et al., ins, pap; 4 Macc 2:6; 5:18; 7:13; Ath. 8, 1 al.; Mel., P. 58, 422) particle (B-D-F §425, 1; 450, 3; Rob. 1129 and 1154) w. finite verb (Chion, Ep. 3, 1; Jos. Ant. 5, 78) yet, on the other hand Ac 14:17. W. gen. abs. foll. (BGU 850, 4 [76 A.D.] καίτοι ἐμοῦ σε πολλὰ ἐρωτήσαντος; 898, 26; Philo, Vi. Mos. 1, 20; Jos., Ant. 2, 321; Ath. 19, 2; 25, 2) Hb 4:3.—καίτοι γε or καί τοι γε (since Aristoph., Ach. 611; but esp. in later Gk. [cp. Schwyzer II 561; MMeister, De Aiocho dial., Breslau diss. 1915 p. 31, 5]; Ps.-Pla., Axioch. 364b; Jos., Bell. 1, 7, Ant. 5, 36; Epict. 3, 24, 90; Just., A II, 11, 2; D. 7, 3; Ath. 3, 1; 22, 7; SIG 685, 76 and 82 [139 B.C.]) although J 4:2; Ac 14:17 v.l.; Dg 8:3. W. part. foll. (Jos., C. Ap. 1, 230; Mel., P. 58, 422) AcPt Ox 849, 18.—Kühner-G. II 151f; B-D-F §439, 1; 450, 3.—For ἀλλὰ κ., δὲ και, ἐὰν κ., εἰ κ., ἢ κ. s. ἀλλά, δέ, ἐάν, εἰ, ἤ.—ERobson, KAI-Configurations in the Gk. NT, 3 vols. diss. Syracuse ’79. LfgrE s.v. καί col. 1273f (lit.). DELG. M-M. EDNT.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > καί

  • 69 מלבן

    מַלְבֵּן, מַלְבֵּיןm. (b. h.; לָבַן I, v. לְבֵנָה) 1) press, frame, mould. Sot.11a (ref. to Ex. 1:11) הביאו מ׳וכ׳ they brought a brick mould and suspended it from Pharaohs neck; Ex. R. s. 1. Zeb.54a מ׳ שהוא שלשיםוכ׳ a frame of thirty-two by thirty-two cubits (which was filled with stones, cement). Y.Sabb.XII, beg.13c כנוטל מ׳וכ׳ like taking a frame and putting it over the piled up bricks (which cannot be called building). Tosef. ib. XIII (XIV), 15 מ׳ של מיטה the frame (bottom) of a bedstead. Tosef.Erub.XI (VIII), 17 מ׳ של ספקלריא a window frame. Tosef.B. Bath. II, 14 מ׳ או צורתוכ׳ a window frame or the shape of a door; B. Bath.III, 6. Tosef.Kel.B. Mets. V, 9 מ׳ להיות נותנווכ׳ a bedstead bottom intended to be moved from one bed to another, opp. intended for one particular bed. Tosef.Ohol.XIII, 5 (read:) מ׳ שהוא מלובשוכ׳, v. לָבַש. Tosef.Kel.B. Bath. I, 8 מ׳ של מסר הנדול the frame of a large saw. Neg. XIII, 3 מ׳ הבנויוכ׳ a casing to protect that portion of the beam which rests on the wall.Gen. R. s. 38; Yalk. Prov. 961 (ref. to Prov. 27:22) כזה שהזא … במ׳ like one undertaking to crush barley in a frame; a. fr.Pl. מַלְבֵּנִים, מַלְבֵּנִין, מַלְבֵּנוֹת, מַלְבֵּי׳. Neg. l. c. B. Bath.69a מ׳ של פתחים door frames; מ׳ של חלונות window frames; מ׳ של כרעי המטה sockets for the legs of a bedstead. Kel. XVIII, 3 מֵלְבְּנֵי בני לוי stands for the musical instruments of the Levites; Tosef. ib. B. Mets.V, 9 מ׳ לוי ed. Zuck. (corr. acc.); a. e. 2) (from its shape) a small garden-bed, a plot (of three hand-breadths in width).Pl. as ab. Peah III, 1. Ib. 4 מ׳ הבצלים שבין היוק plots of onions between vegetables. Ib. VII, 2 ג׳ שורות של שני מ׳ three rows at a distance of two malbenim (six hand-breadths) from one another; Tosef. ib. III, 10. Ter. IV, 8 המ׳ (sub. דבלי) figs pressed in quadrangular moulds, opp. עגולים.

    Jewish literature > מלבן

  • 70 מלבין

    מַלְבֵּן, מַלְבֵּיןm. (b. h.; לָבַן I, v. לְבֵנָה) 1) press, frame, mould. Sot.11a (ref. to Ex. 1:11) הביאו מ׳וכ׳ they brought a brick mould and suspended it from Pharaohs neck; Ex. R. s. 1. Zeb.54a מ׳ שהוא שלשיםוכ׳ a frame of thirty-two by thirty-two cubits (which was filled with stones, cement). Y.Sabb.XII, beg.13c כנוטל מ׳וכ׳ like taking a frame and putting it over the piled up bricks (which cannot be called building). Tosef. ib. XIII (XIV), 15 מ׳ של מיטה the frame (bottom) of a bedstead. Tosef.Erub.XI (VIII), 17 מ׳ של ספקלריא a window frame. Tosef.B. Bath. II, 14 מ׳ או צורתוכ׳ a window frame or the shape of a door; B. Bath.III, 6. Tosef.Kel.B. Mets. V, 9 מ׳ להיות נותנווכ׳ a bedstead bottom intended to be moved from one bed to another, opp. intended for one particular bed. Tosef.Ohol.XIII, 5 (read:) מ׳ שהוא מלובשוכ׳, v. לָבַש. Tosef.Kel.B. Bath. I, 8 מ׳ של מסר הנדול the frame of a large saw. Neg. XIII, 3 מ׳ הבנויוכ׳ a casing to protect that portion of the beam which rests on the wall.Gen. R. s. 38; Yalk. Prov. 961 (ref. to Prov. 27:22) כזה שהזא … במ׳ like one undertaking to crush barley in a frame; a. fr.Pl. מַלְבֵּנִים, מַלְבֵּנִין, מַלְבֵּנוֹת, מַלְבֵּי׳. Neg. l. c. B. Bath.69a מ׳ של פתחים door frames; מ׳ של חלונות window frames; מ׳ של כרעי המטה sockets for the legs of a bedstead. Kel. XVIII, 3 מֵלְבְּנֵי בני לוי stands for the musical instruments of the Levites; Tosef. ib. B. Mets.V, 9 מ׳ לוי ed. Zuck. (corr. acc.); a. e. 2) (from its shape) a small garden-bed, a plot (of three hand-breadths in width).Pl. as ab. Peah III, 1. Ib. 4 מ׳ הבצלים שבין היוק plots of onions between vegetables. Ib. VII, 2 ג׳ שורות של שני מ׳ three rows at a distance of two malbenim (six hand-breadths) from one another; Tosef. ib. III, 10. Ter. IV, 8 המ׳ (sub. דבלי) figs pressed in quadrangular moulds, opp. עגולים.

    Jewish literature > מלבין

  • 71 מַלְבֵּן

    מַלְבֵּן, מַלְבֵּיןm. (b. h.; לָבַן I, v. לְבֵנָה) 1) press, frame, mould. Sot.11a (ref. to Ex. 1:11) הביאו מ׳וכ׳ they brought a brick mould and suspended it from Pharaohs neck; Ex. R. s. 1. Zeb.54a מ׳ שהוא שלשיםוכ׳ a frame of thirty-two by thirty-two cubits (which was filled with stones, cement). Y.Sabb.XII, beg.13c כנוטל מ׳וכ׳ like taking a frame and putting it over the piled up bricks (which cannot be called building). Tosef. ib. XIII (XIV), 15 מ׳ של מיטה the frame (bottom) of a bedstead. Tosef.Erub.XI (VIII), 17 מ׳ של ספקלריא a window frame. Tosef.B. Bath. II, 14 מ׳ או צורתוכ׳ a window frame or the shape of a door; B. Bath.III, 6. Tosef.Kel.B. Mets. V, 9 מ׳ להיות נותנווכ׳ a bedstead bottom intended to be moved from one bed to another, opp. intended for one particular bed. Tosef.Ohol.XIII, 5 (read:) מ׳ שהוא מלובשוכ׳, v. לָבַש. Tosef.Kel.B. Bath. I, 8 מ׳ של מסר הנדול the frame of a large saw. Neg. XIII, 3 מ׳ הבנויוכ׳ a casing to protect that portion of the beam which rests on the wall.Gen. R. s. 38; Yalk. Prov. 961 (ref. to Prov. 27:22) כזה שהזא … במ׳ like one undertaking to crush barley in a frame; a. fr.Pl. מַלְבֵּנִים, מַלְבֵּנִין, מַלְבֵּנוֹת, מַלְבֵּי׳. Neg. l. c. B. Bath.69a מ׳ של פתחים door frames; מ׳ של חלונות window frames; מ׳ של כרעי המטה sockets for the legs of a bedstead. Kel. XVIII, 3 מֵלְבְּנֵי בני לוי stands for the musical instruments of the Levites; Tosef. ib. B. Mets.V, 9 מ׳ לוי ed. Zuck. (corr. acc.); a. e. 2) (from its shape) a small garden-bed, a plot (of three hand-breadths in width).Pl. as ab. Peah III, 1. Ib. 4 מ׳ הבצלים שבין היוק plots of onions between vegetables. Ib. VII, 2 ג׳ שורות של שני מ׳ three rows at a distance of two malbenim (six hand-breadths) from one another; Tosef. ib. III, 10. Ter. IV, 8 המ׳ (sub. דבלי) figs pressed in quadrangular moulds, opp. עגולים.

    Jewish literature > מַלְבֵּן

  • 72 מַלְבֵּין

    מַלְבֵּן, מַלְבֵּיןm. (b. h.; לָבַן I, v. לְבֵנָה) 1) press, frame, mould. Sot.11a (ref. to Ex. 1:11) הביאו מ׳וכ׳ they brought a brick mould and suspended it from Pharaohs neck; Ex. R. s. 1. Zeb.54a מ׳ שהוא שלשיםוכ׳ a frame of thirty-two by thirty-two cubits (which was filled with stones, cement). Y.Sabb.XII, beg.13c כנוטל מ׳וכ׳ like taking a frame and putting it over the piled up bricks (which cannot be called building). Tosef. ib. XIII (XIV), 15 מ׳ של מיטה the frame (bottom) of a bedstead. Tosef.Erub.XI (VIII), 17 מ׳ של ספקלריא a window frame. Tosef.B. Bath. II, 14 מ׳ או צורתוכ׳ a window frame or the shape of a door; B. Bath.III, 6. Tosef.Kel.B. Mets. V, 9 מ׳ להיות נותנווכ׳ a bedstead bottom intended to be moved from one bed to another, opp. intended for one particular bed. Tosef.Ohol.XIII, 5 (read:) מ׳ שהוא מלובשוכ׳, v. לָבַש. Tosef.Kel.B. Bath. I, 8 מ׳ של מסר הנדול the frame of a large saw. Neg. XIII, 3 מ׳ הבנויוכ׳ a casing to protect that portion of the beam which rests on the wall.Gen. R. s. 38; Yalk. Prov. 961 (ref. to Prov. 27:22) כזה שהזא … במ׳ like one undertaking to crush barley in a frame; a. fr.Pl. מַלְבֵּנִים, מַלְבֵּנִין, מַלְבֵּנוֹת, מַלְבֵּי׳. Neg. l. c. B. Bath.69a מ׳ של פתחים door frames; מ׳ של חלונות window frames; מ׳ של כרעי המטה sockets for the legs of a bedstead. Kel. XVIII, 3 מֵלְבְּנֵי בני לוי stands for the musical instruments of the Levites; Tosef. ib. B. Mets.V, 9 מ׳ לוי ed. Zuck. (corr. acc.); a. e. 2) (from its shape) a small garden-bed, a plot (of three hand-breadths in width).Pl. as ab. Peah III, 1. Ib. 4 מ׳ הבצלים שבין היוק plots of onions between vegetables. Ib. VII, 2 ג׳ שורות של שני מ׳ three rows at a distance of two malbenim (six hand-breadths) from one another; Tosef. ib. III, 10. Ter. IV, 8 המ׳ (sub. דבלי) figs pressed in quadrangular moulds, opp. עגולים.

    Jewish literature > מַלְבֵּין

  • 73 aufdecken

    (trennb., hat -ge-)
    I v/t
    1. uncover; (Spielkarte) show; die / seine Karten aufdecken fig. lay one’s cards on the table; das Bett aufdecken turn the bedclothes (Am. covers) down
    2. fig. (Missstände, Verschwörung) expose, reveal
    3. (Tischtuch) put on
    II v/i lay the table
    III v/refl: sich ( im Schlaf) aufdecken throw ( oder kick) off the covers (in one’s sleep)
    * * *
    to uncover; to bare; to unveil; to reveal; to disclose
    * * *
    auf|de|cken sep
    1. vt
    1) jdn to uncover; Bett(decke) to turn down; Gefäß to open; Spielkarten to show
    2) (fig) Wahrheit, Verschwörung, Zusammenhänge to discover, to uncover; Verbrechen to expose, to uncover; Schwäche to lay bare; Geheimnis, Rätsel to solve; wahren Charakter to disclose, to lay bare, to expose
    3) (= auf den Esstisch stellen) to put on the table

    das Geschirr áúfdecken — to lay (Brit) or set the table

    2. vi
    to lay (Brit) or set the table
    * * *
    1) (to discover and make known (eg criminals or their activities): It was a newspaper that exposed his spying activities.) expose
    2) (to show; to allow to be seen: He scraped away the top layer of paint from the picture, revealing an earlier painting underneath.) reveal
    3) (to remove the cover from: His criminal activities were finally uncovered.) uncover
    * * *
    auf|de·cken
    I. vt
    ▪ etw \aufdecken to uncover [or discover] sth
    einen schwierigen/ungelösten Fall \aufdecken to unravel a difficult/an unsolved case
    ein Rätsel \aufdecken to solve a riddle
    2. (geh: bloßlegen)
    ▪ etw \aufdecken to lay bare sth sep, to expose sth
    Fehler \aufdecken to discover [or identify] mistakes
    die Karten \aufdecken to show one's cards [or hand
    4. (auf den Esstisch stellen)
    ▪ etw \aufdecken to put sth on the table, to lay [or set] the table with sth
    ▪ etw \aufdecken to fold down sth sep
    6. (jds Bett zurückschlagen)
    ▪ jdn \aufdecken to throw off sb's blankets sep
    II. vi (den Tisch decken) to lay [or set] the table
    * * *
    1.

    das Bett aufdecken — pull back the covers

    2) (Kartenspiele) show; die od

    seine Karten aufdecken — (fig.) lay one's cards on the table (fig.)

    3) (enthüllen) expose <corruption, error, weakness, crime, plot, abuse, etc.>; (erkennen und bewusst machen) reveal, uncover < connections, motive, cause, error, weakness, contradiction, etc.>
    4) (für eine Mahlzeit)
    2.
    intransitives Verb lay the table
    * * *
    aufdecken (trennb, hat -ge-)
    A. v/t
    1. uncover; (Spielkarte) show;
    die/seine Karten aufdecken fig lay one’s cards on the table;
    das Bett aufdecken turn the bedclothes (US covers) down
    2. fig (Missstände, Verschwörung) expose, reveal
    3. (Tischtuch) put on
    B. v/i lay the table
    C. v/r:
    sich (im Schlaf) aufdecken throw ( oder kick) off the covers (in one’s sleep)
    * * *
    1.
    2) (Kartenspiele) show; die od

    seine Karten aufdecken — (fig.) lay one's cards on the table (fig.)

    3) (enthüllen) expose <corruption, error, weakness, crime, plot, abuse, etc.>; (erkennen und bewusst machen) reveal, uncover <connections, motive, cause, error, weakness, contradiction, etc.>
    2.
    intransitives Verb lay the table
    * * *
    v.
    to disclose v.
    to uncover v.

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > aufdecken

  • 74 fortlaufend

    I Part. Präs. fortlaufen
    II Adj. continuous, running; Hefte, Folgen etc.: consecutive; mit fortlaufender Nummer( ierung) numbered consecutively
    III Adv. continuously; fortlaufend nummeriert numbered consecutively
    * * *
    progressional (Adj.); continuous (Adj.); consecutive (Adj.); consecutively (Adv.); serial (Adj.)
    * * *
    fọrt|lau|fend
    1. adj
    Handlung ongoing; Erscheinen serial attr; Zahlungen regular; (= andauernd) continual
    2. adv
    (= andauernd) continually

    fortlaufend nummeriert (Geldscheine, Motoren) — serially numbered; Blätter, Seiten consecutively numbered

    * * *
    ((of a story etc) published or broadcast in parts.) serial
    * * *
    fort·lau·fend
    I. adj (ständig wiederholt) continual; (ohne Unterbrechung) continuous
    II. adv (ständig) constantly; (in Serie) consecutively
    * * *
    1.
    Adjektiv continuous; ongoing < plot of a series>; consecutive <numbers, issues>
    2.
    adverbial continuously; consecutively < numbered>
    * * *
    A. ppr → fortlaufen
    B. adj continuous, running; Hefte, Folgen etc: consecutive;
    mit fortlaufender Nummer(ierung) numbered consecutively
    C. adv continuously;
    fortlaufend nummeriert numbered consecutively
    * * *
    1.
    Adjektiv continuous; ongoing < plot of a series>; consecutive <numbers, issues>
    2.
    adverbial continuously; consecutively < numbered>
    * * *
    adj.
    consecutive adj.
    continuous adj.
    progressional adj. adv.
    consecutively adv.
    continuously adv.

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > fortlaufend

  • 75 stoßen

    to hit; to hustle; to impinge; to knock; to jab; to strike; to thrust; to push; to poke; to shove; to kick; to bump
    * * *
    sto|ßen ['ʃtoːsn] pret stieß [ʃtiːs] ptp gestoßen [gə'ʃtoːsn]
    1. vt
    1) (= einen Stoß versetzen) to push, to shove (inf); (leicht) to poke; (mit Faust) to punch; (mit Fuß) to kick; (mit Ellbogen) to nudge, to dig (Brit), to poke; (mit Kopf, Hörnern) to butt; (= stechen) Dolch to plunge, to thrust; (vulg) to fuck (vulg), to shag (Brit sl to poke (sl)

    an den Kopf etc stóßen — to hit one's head etc

    jdm or jdn in die Seite stóßen — to nudge sb, to dig (Brit) or poke sb in the ribs

    jdn von sich stóßen — to push sb away; (fig) to cast sb aside

    jdn/etw zur Seite stóßen — to push sb/sth aside; (mit Fuß) to kick sb/sth aside or to one side

    er stieß den Ball mit dem Kopf ins Tor — he headed the ball into the goal (Brit), he hit the ball into the goal with his head

    ein Loch ins Eis stóßen — to make or bore a hole in the ice

    2) (= werfen) to push; (SPORT ) Kugel to put

    jdn von der Treppe/aus dem Zug stóßen —

    jdn aus dem Haus stóßen (fig) jdn ins Elend stóßen (liter) — to throw or turn sb out (of the house) to plunge sb into misery

    3) (= zerkleinern) Zimt, Pfeffer, Zucker to pound
    4) (Sw = schieben, drücken) to push
    2. vr
    to bump or bang or knock oneself

    stóßen (lit) — to bump etc oneself on or against sth; (fig) to take exception to sth, to disapprove of sth

    er stößt sich daran, wenn Männer Ohrringe tragen — he takes exception to men wearing earrings

    3. vi
    1) aux sein (= treffen, prallen) to run or bump into (auch fig); (= herabstoßen Vogel) to swoop down (
    auf +acc on)

    stóßen — to bump into or hit sth

    gegen etw stóßen — to run into sth

    zu jdm stóßen — to meet up with sb, to join sb

    auf jdn stóßen — to bump or run into sb

    stóßen (Straße) — to lead into or onto sth; (Schiff) to hit sth, to run into or against sth; (fig

    auf Erdöl stóßen — to strike oil

    auf Grundwasser stóßen — to discover underground water

    auf Widerstand stóßen — to meet with or encounter resistance

    auf Ablehnung/Zustimmung stóßen — to meet with disapproval/approval

    an seine Grenzen stóßen — to reach one's limits

    2) (mit den Hörnern) to butt (nach at)
    3) (TECH) to butt (
    an +acc against)
    4) (Gewichtheben) to jerk
    5) (old = blasen) to blow, to sound
    See:
    → Horn
    * * *
    1) (to poke: He dug his brother in the ribs with his elbow.) dig
    2) bump
    3) (to strike (someone or something) with the head: He fell over when the goat butted him.) butt
    4) (to make hard contact with (something), and force or cause it to move in some direction: The batsman hit the ball (over the wall).) hit
    5) (to push quickly and roughly: The man was hustled out of the office.) hustle
    6) ((often with against, on) to strike against or bump into: She knocked against the table and spilt his cup of coffee; I knocked my head on the car door.) knock
    8) (to push (something) violently or suddenly into: He plunged a knife into the meat.) plunge
    9) (to push something into; to prod: He poked a stick into the hole; He poked her in the ribs with his elbow.) poke
    10) (to press against something, in order to (try to) move it further away: He pushed the door open; She pushed him away; He pushed against the door with his shoulder; The queue can't move any faster, so stop pushing!; I had a good view of the race till someone pushed in front of me.) push
    11) stick
    12) (to hurt (especially a toe) by striking it against something hard: She stubbed her toe(s) against the bedpost.) stub
    13) (to push suddenly and violently: He thrust his spade into the ground; She thrust forward through the crowd.) thrust
    * * *
    sto·ßen
    <stößt, stieß, gestoßen>
    [ˈʃto:sn̩]
    I. vt
    ▪ jdn \stoßen to push sb; (stark) to shove sb; (leicht) to poke sb
    er hat sie die Treppe hinunterge\stoßen he shoved her down the stairs
    ▪ jdn aus etw dat/von etw dat \stoßen to push [or shove] sb out of/off sth
    jdn aus dem Haus \stoßen (fig) to throw sb out [of the house]
    jdn von der Leiter/aus dem Zug \stoßen to push sb down the ladder/out of the train
    ▪ jdn in etw akk/vor etw akk \stoßen to push [or shove] sb into/in front of sth
    jdn ins Elend \stoßen (fig) to plunge sb into misery
    ▪ jdn mit etw dat \stoßen to knock sb with sth
    ▪ jdn von sich dat \stoßen to push sb away; (fig) to cast sb aside
    jdn mit der Faust/dem Fuß/dem Kopf \stoßen to punch/kick/butt sb
    jdn in die Seite \stoßen to poke sb in the ribs
    sie stieß ihn mit dem Ellbogen in die Seite she poked him in the ribs with her elbow
    jdn/etw zur Seite \stoßen to push sb/sth aside; (mit dem Fuß) to kick sb/sth aside [or to one side]; s.a. Kopf
    ein Loch ins Eis \stoßen to make [or bore] a hole in the ice
    jdm einen Dolch/ein Messer in die Rippen \stoßen to plunge [or thrust] a dagger/knife into sb's ribs
    den Ball mit dem Kopf ins Tor \stoßen to head the ball into the goal
    die Kugel \stoßen (Leichtathletik) to put the shot; (Billard) to hit the ball
    ▪ jdn auf etw akk \stoßen to point out sth sep to sb
    man muss sie immer drauf \stoßen she always has to have things pointed out to her
    Pfeffer/Zimt/Zucker \stoßen to pound pepper/cinnamon/sugar
    7. (fam: hinweisen)
    ▪ jdm etw \stoßen to hammer sth home to sb
    ein Fahrrad \stoßen to push a bicycle
    ▪ jdn \stoßen to give sb a push
    können Sie mich bitte mal \stoßen? can you please give me a push?
    10. (vulg)
    eine Frau \stoßen to poke a woman vulg
    II. vr
    ▪ sich akk [an etw dat] \stoßen to hurt [or knock] oneself [on sth]
    ▪ [sich dat] etw [an etw dat] \stoßen to bang [or bump] [or hurt] one's sth [on sth]
    sie stolperte und stieß sich das Knie am Tisch she tripped and banged her knee on the table
    sich dat den Kopf [an etw dat] \stoßen to bang [or bump] one's head [on sth]
    sich dat den Kopf blutig \stoßen to bang one's head and cut it
    ▪ sich akk an jdm/etw \stoßen to take exception to sth, to disapprove of [or object to] sth
    er stößt sich daran, wenn Frauen Zigarren rauchen he takes exception to women smoking cigars
    sich akk an jds dat Aussehen \stoßen to find fault with sb's appearance
    III. vi
    1. Hilfsverb: sein (aufschlagen)
    ▪ an etw akk \stoßen to knock [or bang] [or bump] against sth
    mit dem Kopf an etw akk \stoßen to bang one's head on [or against] sth
    ▪ gegen etw \stoßen to knock [or bump] into sth; Auto to crash into sth
    2. Hilfsverb: haben (zustoßen)
    ▪ [mit etw dat] nach jdm \stoßen to thrust at sb [with sth]
    er hat mit einem Messer nach mir ge\stoßen he trust at me with a knife
    er stieß immer wieder mit dem Stock nach mir he tried again and again to hit me with the stick
    der Stier stieß [mit den Hörnern] nach dem Torero the bull charged the matador [with lowered horns]
    jdm in die Seite \stoßen to poke sb in the ribs
    3. Hilfsverb: sein (grenzen)
    ▪ an etw akk \stoßen to be bordered by sth, to border on sth; Zimmer to be [right] next to sth
    mein Grundstück stößt im Süden an einen Bach my plot is bordered to the south by a stream, a stream borders my plot to the south
    4. Hilfsverb: sein (direkt hinführen)
    ▪ auf etw akk \stoßen Weg, Straße to lead to [or meet] sth
    5. Hilfsverb: sein (zufällig begegnen)
    ▪ auf jdn \stoßen to bump [or run] into sb
    6. Hilfsverb: sein (sich jdm anschließen)
    ▪ zu jdm \stoßen to join sb
    7. Hilfsverb: sein (entdecken)
    ▪ auf etw \stoßen to find [or come across [or upon]] sth
    auf Erdöl \stoßen to strike oil
    auf Grundwasser \stoßen to discover underground water
    8. Hilfsverb: sein (konfrontiert werden)
    ▪ auf etw akk \stoßen to meet with sth
    auf Ablehnung/Zustimmung \stoßen to meet with disapproval/approval
    auf Widerstand \stoßen to meet with [or encounter] resistance
    9. Hilfsverb: haben SCHWEIZ (auf Türen: drücken) to push
    bitte \stoßen! please push!
    10. Hilfsverb: haben (veraltet: blasen)
    ins Horn/in die Trompete \stoßen to blow [or sound] the horn/trumpet
    11. Hilfsverb: sein (angreifen)
    ▪ auf etw \stoßen Raubvogel to swoop down on sth
    * * *
    1.
    unregelmäßiges transitives Verb
    1) auch itr. (mit der Faust) punch; (mit dem Fuß) kick; (mit dem Kopf, den Hörnern) butt; (mit dem Ellbogen) dig

    jemanden od. jemandem in die Seite stoßen — dig somebody in the ribs; (leicht) nudge somebody in the ribs

    2) (hineintreiben) plunge, thrust <dagger, knife>; push <stick, pole>
    3) (stoßend hervorbringen) knock, bang < hole>
    4) (schleudern) push

    die Kugel stoßen — (beim Kugelstoßen) put the shot; (beim Billard) strike the ball

    5) (zerstoßen) pound <sugar, cinnamon, pepper>
    2.
    unregelmäßiges intransitives Verb
    1) mit sein (auftreffen) bump ( gegen into)
    2) mit sein (begegnen)

    auf jemanden stoßen — bump or run into somebody

    3) mit sein (entdecken)

    auf etwas (Akk.) stoßen — come upon or across something

    auf Ablehnung stoßen — (fig.) meet with disapproval

    zu jemandem stoßen — (jemanden treffen) meet up with somebody; (sich jemandem anschließen) join somebody

    5) mit sein (zuführen)

    auf etwas (Akk.) stoßen — <path, road> lead [in]to something

    an etwas (Akk.) stoßen — <room, property, etc.> be [right] next to something

    3.
    unregelmäßiges reflexives Verb bump or knock oneself

    sich (Dat.) den Kopf blutig stoßen — bang one's head and cut it

    sich an etwas (Dat.) stoßen — (fig.) object to or take exception to something

    * * *
    stoßen; stößt, stieß, hat oder ist gestoßen
    A. v/t (hat)
    1. push; mit einer Waffe: thrust; mit der Faust: punch; mit dem Fuß: kick; (puffen) nudge, jostle; mit einem Stock etc: poke; (rammen) ram; (treiben) drive; SPORT (Kugel) put; im Mörser: pound;
    jemanden in die Rippen stoßen nudge sb, give sb a dig in the ribs;
    jemanden vor einen Zug stoßen push sb in front of a train;
    jemanden mit dem Kopf stoßen butt sb with one’s head;
    jemandem das Messer in die Brust stoßen plunge a knife into sb’s chest;
    den Ball ins Tor stoßen drive the ball into the net;
    von sich stoßen push away; fig disown
    seine Zehen stoßen an (+dat) stub one’s toes on ( oder against)
    3. fig:
    jemanden aus dem Haus/Verein stoßen turn sb out of the house/expel sb from the club;
    es jemandem stoßen umg, fig tell sb what’s what; → Bescheid 3, Kopf 6, Nase1 5
    4. vulg (Frau) fuck, bang
    B. v/r (hat) (sich wehtun) knock o.s., hurt o.s.;
    sich stoßen an (+dat) knock ( oder run, bump) against; fig take offence (US -se) at, take exception to;
    an der Unordnung darfst du dich nicht stoßen just ignore the mess, you mustn’t mind the mess
    C. v/i
    1. (hat) Bock etc: butt;
    2. (ist)
    stoßen an (+akk) oder
    gegen bump into, knock (o.s.) against;
    stoßen an (+akk) fig (grenzen an) border on, form abut on;
    ich bin bei dem Marathon an meine (eigenen) Grenzen gestoßen I was touching my limits (of endurance) in the marathon;
    stoßen bump ( oder knock) one’s head against oder on the door etc;
    stoßen auf (+akk) fig, auf Erdöl: strike; Straße etc: lead onto, hit umg; (zufällig begegnen) (happen to) meet, come across, run ( oder bump) into; (entdecken) come across, stumble on; auf Ablehnung, Widerstand etc: meet with;
    zu jemandem, einer Partei etc
    stoßen join (up with);
    auf seine Beute stoßen Greifvogel: swoop down on its prey; → Horn1 2
    * * *
    1.
    unregelmäßiges transitives Verb
    1) auch itr. (mit der Faust) punch; (mit dem Fuß) kick; (mit dem Kopf, den Hörnern) butt; (mit dem Ellbogen) dig

    jemanden od. jemandem in die Seite stoßen — dig somebody in the ribs; (leicht) nudge somebody in the ribs

    2) (hineintreiben) plunge, thrust <dagger, knife>; push <stick, pole>
    3) (stoßend hervorbringen) knock, bang < hole>
    4) (schleudern) push

    die Kugel stoßen — (beim Kugelstoßen) put the shot; (beim Billard) strike the ball

    5) (zerstoßen) pound <sugar, cinnamon, pepper>
    2.
    unregelmäßiges intransitives Verb
    1) mit sein (auftreffen) bump ( gegen into)
    2) mit sein (begegnen)

    auf jemanden stoßen — bump or run into somebody

    3) mit sein (entdecken)

    auf etwas (Akk.) stoßen — come upon or across something

    auf Ablehnung stoßen — (fig.) meet with disapproval

    zu jemandem stoßen — (jemanden treffen) meet up with somebody; (sich jemandem anschließen) join somebody

    5) mit sein (zuführen)

    auf etwas (Akk.) stoßen — <path, road> lead [in]to something

    an etwas (Akk.) stoßen — <room, property, etc.> be [right] next to something

    3.
    unregelmäßiges reflexives Verb bump or knock oneself

    sich (Dat.) den Kopf blutig stoßen — bang one's head and cut it

    sich an etwas (Dat.) stoßen — (fig.) object to or take exception to something

    * * *
    (an, gegen) v.
    to impinge (on, upon) v. (nach) v.
    to thrust at v. adj.
    stricken adj. v.
    (§ p.,pp.: stieß, gestossen)
    = to bump v.
    to butt v.
    to hustle v.
    to knock (at) v.
    to poke v.
    to punt v.
    to push v.
    to ram v.
    to shove v.
    to strike v.
    (§ p.,p.p.: struck)
    or p.p.: stricken•)
    to thrust v.
    (§ p.,p.p.: thrust)

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > stoßen

  • 76 grund

    sg - grunden, pl - grunde
    1) дно с
    2) по́чва ж, грунт м
    3) основа́ние с, причи́на ж

    úden nógen grund — без причи́ны

    på grund af... — в си́лу того́...

    i grunden — в су́щности

    * * *
    call, case, cause, justification, need, plot, reason, have reason to (believe
    * * *
    I. (en -e)
    ( bund) ground;
    ( grundvold) foundation(s), substructure;
    (fig: grundlag) foundation, basis;
    ( jordbund; landområde) soil ( fx on Danish soil), ground;
    ( byggegrund) site, plot;
    ( første lag maling) priming, ground;
    [ med præp:]
    (mar) get afloat;
    (fig) radically, thoroughly;
    (dvs ret beset) after all,
    ( forresten) by the way;
    ( også) what precisely does that mean?
    (mar) aground;
    [ være på fast (el. sikker) grund]
    (også fig) be on firm (el. safe) ground;
    (se også gyngende);
    (mar) ground;
    [ gå til grunde] be destroyed,
    F perish;
    [ ligge til grund for] underlie, lie at the root of;
    [ lægge til grund] take for one's basis;
    [ lægge til grund for] make the basis of;
    [ lægge grunden til] lay the foundation(s) of ( fx a fortune);
    [ nedbrænde til grunden] burn to the ground.
    II. (en -e)
    ( fornuftsgrund) reason ( til for, fx what is the reason for his refusal?),
    ( bevæggrund) motive ( til for, fx what was his motive (, reason) for acting like that?);
    ( bevisgrund) argument ( for for, fx give arguments for something);
    ( årsag) cause ( til of, fx the cause of the delay; this incident was the occasion and not the cause of the war);
    ( berettigelse) cause ( til for, fx there is no cause for alarm; you have no cause for complaint),
    ( stærkere) ground(s) ( til for, fx have grounds for suspicion);
    [ det er grunden] that is (the reason) why;
    [ med præp:]
    [ af den grund] for that reason;
    [ af gode grunde] for very good reasons;
    [ med god grund] with good reason, with cause, justly;
    [ på grund af] because of, on account of,
    F on the grounds of ( fx it is unlawful for an employer to treat a woman, on the grounds of her sex, less favourably than a man);
    [ grunden til at] the reason why;
    [ hans grunde til at gøre det] his reasons for doing it;
    [ der er ( al mulig) grund til at tro] there is (every) reason to believe;
    [ uden grund] without reason (, cause).
    III. adj shallow.

    Danish-English dictionary > grund

  • 77 era

    f.
    1 era (periodo).
    era cristiana/geológica Christian/geological era
    la era espacial the space age
    2 threshing floor.
    3 thrashing floor, threshing floor.
    4 garden patch.
    pres.indicat.
    3rd person singular (él/ella/ello) present indicative of spanish verb: erar.
    imperat.
    2nd person singular (tú) Imperative of Spanish verb: erar.
    imperf.indicat.
    3rd person singular (él/ella/ello) Imperfect Indicative of Spanish verb: ser.
    * * *
    1→ link=ser ser
    ————————
    1 AGRICULTURA threshing floor
    2 (cuadro de jardín) bed, plot
    ————————
    1 (tiempo) era, age
    \
    era cristiana Christian era
    * * *
    noun f.
    * * *
    I II
    SF ( Hist) era, age

    era cristiana, era de Cristo — Christian era

    era española, era hispánica — Spanish Era ( from 38 B.C.)

    III
    SF (Agr) [para cereales] threshing floor; [para flores] bed, plot; [para hortalizas] patch
    erais
    * * *
    I
    1) (período, época) era, age
    2) (Agr) threshing floor
    II
    éramos, etc see ser
    * * *
    = era, epoch, age.
    Ex. Thus, as we stand on the threshold of what is undoubtedly a new era in catalog control, it is worth considering to what extent the traditional services of the Library will continue in the forms now available.
    Ex. The epoch of management inquiry and research has largely developed during this century, and many schools of thought have tried to formulate the underlying principles of management.
    Ex. He was a frank elitist living in an age of rampant equalitarianism.
    ----
    * en la era digital = in the digital era, in the digital age.
    * era anterior al Cristianismo = pre-Christian era.
    * era cristiana, la = common era, the (C.E.).
    * era de la copia electrónica, la = electrocopying era, the.
    * era de la electrónica, la = electronic age, the.
    * era de la fotocopia, la = photocopying era, the.
    * era de la imprenta, la = print era, the.
    * era de la información = information era.
    * era de la información, la = information age, the.
    * era de la informática, la = computer age, the.
    * Era del Conocimiento, la = Knowledge Age, the.
    * era digital, la = digital age, the.
    * era moderna, la = modern era, the.
    * era tecnológica = technological age.
    * nacido antes de la era digital = digital immigrant.
    * nacido en la era digital = digital native.
    * nueva era = new age.
    * pasar a la era de = move into + the age of.
    * * *
    I
    1) (período, época) era, age
    2) (Agr) threshing floor
    II
    éramos, etc see ser
    * * *
    = era, epoch, age.

    Ex: Thus, as we stand on the threshold of what is undoubtedly a new era in catalog control, it is worth considering to what extent the traditional services of the Library will continue in the forms now available.

    Ex: The epoch of management inquiry and research has largely developed during this century, and many schools of thought have tried to formulate the underlying principles of management.
    Ex: He was a frank elitist living in an age of rampant equalitarianism.
    * en la era digital = in the digital era, in the digital age.
    * era anterior al Cristianismo = pre-Christian era.
    * era cristiana, la = common era, the (C.E.).
    * era de la copia electrónica, la = electrocopying era, the.
    * era de la electrónica, la = electronic age, the.
    * era de la fotocopia, la = photocopying era, the.
    * era de la imprenta, la = print era, the.
    * era de la información = information era.
    * era de la información, la = information age, the.
    * era de la informática, la = computer age, the.
    * Era del Conocimiento, la = Knowledge Age, the.
    * era digital, la = digital age, the.
    * era moderna, la = modern era, the.
    * era tecnológica = technological age.
    * nacido antes de la era digital = digital immigrant.
    * nacido en la era digital = digital native.
    * nueva era = new age.
    * pasar a la era de = move into + the age of.

    * * *
    era1
    A (período, época) era, age
    la era cristiana the Christian era
    la era atómica/espacial the atomic/space age
    el año 210 de nuestra era the year 210 AD, the year of our Lord 210
    B ( Agr) threshing floor
    era2, éramos, etc
    ser1 (↑ ser (1))
    * * *

     

    Del verbo ser: ( conjugate ser)

    era es:

    1ª persona singular (yo) imperfecto indicativo

    3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) imperfecto indicativo

    Multiple Entries:
    era    
    ser
    era sustantivo femenino (período, época) era, age
    ser ( conjugate ser) cópula
    1 ( seguido de adjetivos) to be
    ◊ ser expresses identity or nature as opposed to condition or state, which is normally conveyed by estar. The examples given below should be contrasted with those to be found in estar 1 cópula 1 es bajo/muy callado he's short/very quiet;

    es sorda de nacimiento she was born deaf;
    es inglés/católico he's English/(a) Catholic;
    era cierto it was true;
    sé bueno, estate quieto be a good boy and keep still;
    que seas muy feliz I hope you'll be very happy;

    (+ me/te/le etc)

    ver tb imposible, difícil etc
    2 ( hablando de estado civil) to be;

    es viuda she's a widow;
    ver tb estar 1 cópula 2
    3 (seguido de nombre, pronombre) to be;

    ábreme, soy yo open the door, it's me
    4 (con predicado introducido por `de'):

    soy de Córdoba I'm from Cordoba;
    es de los vecinos it belongs to the neighbors, it's the neighbors';
    no soy de aquí I'm not from around here
    5 (hipótesis, futuro):

    ¿será cierto? can it be true?
    verbo intransitivo
    1

    b) (liter) ( en cuentos):

    ◊ érase una vez … once upon a time there was …

    2
    a) (tener lugar, ocurrir):


    ¿dónde fue el accidente? where did the accident happen?

    ◊ ¿qué habrá sido de él? I wonder what happened to o what became of him;

    ¿qué es de Marisa? (fam) what's Marisa up to (these days)? (colloq);
    ¿qué va a ser de nosotros? what will become of us?
    3 ( sumar):
    ◊ ¿cuánto es (todo)? how much is that (altogether)?;

    son 3.000 pesos that'll be o that's 3,000 pesos;
    somos diez en total there are ten of us altogether
    4 (indicando finalidad, adecuación) era para algo to be for sth;

    ( en locs)
    ◊ a no ser que (+ subj) unless;

    ¿cómo es eso? why is that?, how come? (colloq);
    como/cuando/donde sea: tengo que conseguir ese trabajo como sea I have to get that job no matter what;
    hazlo como sea, pero hazlo do it any way o however you want but get it done;
    el lunes o cuando sea next Monday or whenever;
    puedo dormir en el sillón o donde sea I can sleep in the armchair or wherever you like o anywhere you like;
    de ser así (frml) should this be so o the case (frml);
    ¡eso es! that's it!, that's right!;
    es que …: ¿es que no lo saben? do you mean to say they don't know?;
    es que no sé nadar the thing is I can't swim;
    lo que sea: cómete una manzana, o lo que sea have an apple or something;
    estoy dispuesta a hacer lo que sea I'm prepared to do whatever it takes;
    o sea: en febrero, o sea hace un mes in February, that is to say a month ago;
    o sea que no te interesa in other words, you're not interested;
    o sea que nunca lo descubriste so you never found out;
    (ya) sea …, (ya) sea … either …, or …;
    sea como sea at all costs;
    sea cuando sea whenever it is;
    sea donde sea no matter where;
    sea quien sea whoever it is;
    si no fuera/hubiera sido por … if it wasn't o weren't/hadn't been for …
    ( en el tiempo) to be;
    ◊ ¿qué fecha es hoy? what's the date today?, what's today's date;

    serían las cuatro cuando llegó it must have been (about) four (o'clock) when she arrived;
    ver tb v impers
    era v impers to be;

    era v aux ( en la voz pasiva) to be;
    fue construido en 1900 it was built in 1900
    ■ sustantivo masculino
    1
    a) ( ente) being;

    ◊ era humano/vivo human/living being

    b) (individuo, persona):


    2 ( naturaleza):

    era f (periodo) age, era
    la era de la informática, the age of the computer
    ser
    I sustantivo masculino
    1 being: es un ser despreciable, he's despicable
    ser humano, human being
    ser vivo, living being
    2 (esencia) essence: eso forma parte de su ser, that is part of him
    II verbo intransitivo
    1 (cualidad) to be: eres muy modesto, you are very modest
    2 (fecha) to be: hoy es lunes, today is Monday
    ya es la una, it's one o'clock
    3 (cantidad) eran unos cincuenta, there were about fifty people
    (al pagar) ¿cuánto es?, how much is it?
    son doscientas, it is two hundred pesetas
    Mat dos y tres son cinco, two and three make five
    4 (causa) aquella mujer fue su ruina, that woman was his ruin
    5 (oficio) to be a(n): Elvira es enfermera, Elvira is a nurse
    6 (pertenencia) esto es mío, that's mine
    es de Pedro, it is Pedro's
    7 (afiliación) to belong: es del partido, he's a member of the party
    es un chico del curso superior, he is a boy from the higher year
    8 (origen) es de Málaga, she is from Málaga
    ¿de dónde es esta fruta? where does this fruit come from?
    9 (composición, material) to be made of: este jersey no es de lana, this sweater is not (made of) wool
    10 ser de, (afinidad, comparación) lo que hizo fue de tontos, what she did was a foolish thing
    11 (existir) Madrid ya no es lo que era, Madrid isn't what it used to be
    12 (suceder) ¿qué fue de ella?, what became of her?
    13 (tener lugar) to be: esta tarde es el entierro, the funeral is this evening 14 ser para, (finalidad) to be for: es para pelar patatas, it's for peeling potatoes
    (adecuación, aptitud) no es una película para niños, the film is not suitable for children
    esta vida no es para ti, this kind of life is not for you
    15 (efecto) era para llorar, it was painful
    es (como) para darle una bofetada, it makes me want to slap his face
    no es para tomárselo a broma, it is no joke
    16 (auxiliar en pasiva) to be: fuimos rescatados por la patrulla de la Cruz Roja, we were rescued by the Red Cross patrol
    17 ser de (+ infinitivo) era de esperar que se marchase, it was to be expected that she would leave
    ♦ Locuciones: a no ser que, unless
    como sea, anyhow
    de no ser por..., had it not been for
    es más, furthermore
    es que..., it's just that...
    lo que sea, whatever
    o sea, that is (to say)
    sea como sea, in any case o be that as it may
    ser de lo que no hay, to be the limit
    ' era' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    afán
    - agrado
    - anterioridad
    - antesala
    - cajón
    - calentar
    - coherencia
    - confidente
    - conflictiva
    - conflictivo
    - conmovedor
    - conmovedora
    - débil
    - deprimente
    - desalentador
    - desalentadora
    - descubrir
    - destino
    - desvaído
    - desventura
    - dueña
    - dueño
    - dura
    - duro
    - elocuente
    - ser
    - eslabón
    - espanto
    - estafador
    - estafadora
    - faceta
    - faltar
    - fiel
    - forzada
    - forzado
    - fragosa
    - fragoso
    - gracia
    - graduación
    - hábil
    - imperiosa
    - imperioso
    - indicada
    - indicado
    - inicialmente
    - instante
    - mamarrachada
    - menos
    - moral
    - ninguna
    English:
    acknowledge
    - acknowledgement
    - advantageous
    - anguish
    - approximate
    - astonishing
    - attractive
    - baby
    - blatant
    - blatantly
    - blunt
    - bumpkin
    - bushy
    - businesslike
    - butt
    - calculated
    - conceited
    - conduct
    - conjecture
    - consequence
    - constant
    - consternation
    - crime
    - cute
    - dawn
    - day
    - deceive
    - definitely
    - disappointment
    - disobedience
    - dissatisfaction
    - docile
    - domineering
    - drab
    - epoch
    - era
    - erratic
    - evident
    - featureless
    - figment
    - flabby
    - flair
    - folly
    - forgetful
    - formidable
    - fraud
    - full-length
    - genuine
    - glaringly
    - grief
    * * *
    era2 nf
    [periodo] era;
    la era postindustrial the postindustrial era o age;
    vivimos en la era de la informática we are living in the computer age;
    era atómica atomic age;
    era cristiana Christian era;
    era espacial space age;
    era geológica geological era;
    era glacial ice age
    era3 nf
    [para trillar] threshing floor
    * * *
    f era
    * * *
    era, etc. ser
    era nf
    edad, época: era, age
    * * *
    era n era / age

    Spanish-English dictionary > era

  • 78 EFNI

    * * *
    n.
    1) stuff, material (svá skildu þeir, at allir hlutir væri smíðaðir af nökkuru efni); ek em görr af ústyrku efni, I am made of frail stuff; cf. biskups-, brúðar-, fægðar-, konu-, konungs-, mágs-, manns-, mungáts-, smíðar-efni;
    2) matter of discourse, subject, theme (þryti mér fyrr stundin til frásagnar en efnit til umrœðu) eigi með sönnu e., with untrue statement, falsely; nú er úti mitt e., now my story is at an end;
    3) matter, affair (segir konungr frá öllu þessu e.); fátt er betr látit en e. eru tíl, few things are reported better than they really are;
    4) cause, reason; látast báðir af því e., both die from this cause; fyrir þat e. (for that reason) keypti hann landit
    5) state, condition, affair; sagði, hver e. í vóru, he told how matters stood; ek veit eigi görla e. Gunnlaugs, how G.’s affairs stand; kominn í úvænt e., into a critical condition; óttalauss í öllu e., in every respect; er þessi hlutr kom til efnis, when this came aboitt; berr þat til efnis, at, it happens that;
    6) pl., means; ok bjuggust um eptir þeim efnum, sem þeir höfðu til, according to their means; engi vóru e. annars, þar vóru engi e. önnur, there was no other chance or choice.
    * * *
    n. [Swed. ämne = stuff, materia, and Dan. ævne = achievement]:—a stuff, originally like Lat. materia, timber; and so the stuff or material out of which a thing is wrought; auðskæf mærðar e., Ad. 16; at allir hlutir væri smíðaðir af nokkru efni, that all things were wrought ( created) of some stuff, Edda 147 (pref.); skapa af engu efni, to create from nothing (of God), Fms. i. 304; efni ( materials) til garðbóta, Grág. ii. 263, Sks. 287 (of a cloth); ek em görr af ústyrku efni, I am made of frail stuff, 543, Barl. 140, Stj. 17, 67; smíðar-efni, materials; efni-tré, a block, tree; efni í ljá, orf, etc., or of any piece fitted as materials.
    β. in a personal sense; manns-efni, a promising young man: karls-efni, a thorough man, a nickname, Landn.: the proverb, engi veit hvar sæls manns efni sitr, of youths of whom no one can tell what may be hidden in them; þegns e. = manns-efni, Stor. 11: gott manns-e., gott bónda-e., promising to be an able man; and on the other hand, ónýtt, illt manns-e., in whom there is nothing.
    γ. merely in temp. sense, applied to persons designate or elect; konungs-e., a crown prince; biskups-e., a bishop-elect; brúðar-e., a bride-elect; konu-e., one’s future wife.
    δ. a subject, of a story, book, or the like, Lat. argumentum, plot; yrkis e., Íd. 11; e. kvæða, a plot, subject for poetry; sögu-e., a subject for tales or history; in old writers it rarely occurs exactly in this sense: the contents of a written thing, bréfs-e., efni í bók; hence efnis-laust, adj. void, empty writing; efnis-leysa, u, f. emptiness in writing; Björn hafði ort flim um Þórð, en þau vóru þar efni í, at …, but that was the subject of the poem, that …, Bjarn. 42; þótti mönnum þar mikit um, hversu mikil efni þar vóru til seld, i. e. people thought the tale interesting, Ld. 200; eigi með sönnu efni, falsely, with untrue statements, Sturl. iii. 305: hvárt efni þeir höfðu í um rógit, how they had made ( mixed) their lies up, Eg. 59; meir en efni sé til seld, i. e. ( related) more than what was true, the tale was overdone, Bs. i. 137; talar af sama efni ( subject) sem fyrrum, Fms. ix. 252.
    2. metaph. a matter, affair; til sanninda um sagt e., Dipl. i. 8; segir konungi frá öllu þessu e., Sturl. i. 3; er þat merkjanda í þessu e., Rb. 250; fátt er betr látið enn efni eru til (a proverb), few things are reported better than they really are, Band. 2; fyrir hvert efni, for this reason.
    β. a cause, reason; látask báðir af því e., both died from this cause, Ísl. ii. 197; með hverju e. Sturla hefði þessa för gört, what was the reason of S.’s doing so? Sturl. ii. 132; gleði e., sorgar e., matter of joy, sorrow, etc.: the proverb, en hvert mál, er maðr skal dæma, verðr at líta á tilgörð með efnum ( causes), Eg. 417; fyrir þat efni ( for that reason) keypti hann landit, Hrafn. 22, H. E. i. 471; en þetta efni ( cause) fundu þeir til, Sks. 311.
    γ. a state, condition, affair; Rútr sagði allt e. sitt, Nj. 4; í úvænt efni, a hopeless state, Band. (MS.) 13, Ísl. ii. 225; ek veit eigi görla efni Gunnlaugs, I know not how Gunlaug’s matters stand, 240; Helgi kvað eigi þat efni í, at láta lausan þjóf fjölkunnigan, H. said that it would never do, to let a thief and wizard go, Sturl. i. 62; ef þess eru efni, if that be so, Grág. i. 76; sér, hvers efni í eru, he saw how matters stood, Band. (MS.) 11; sagði hver efni í voru, said how matters stood, Nj. 99; mér þykir sem málum várum sé komið í únýtt efni, ef …, 150; munu ill efni í, some mischief may have happened, Fs. 144; gott, þungt e., Karl. 402, Bs. i. 815; e-t gengr, kemr svá til efnis, happens so and so, Mar. (Fr.); skipta sitt líf í betra e., to repent, id.; bera til efnis, to happen, Pr. 410.
    3. plur. means, ability; minni nytjamenn af meirum efnum en hann, Sturl. i. 126; eptir sínum efnum, to the best of their ability, Hom. 123; ok bjoggusk um eptir þeim efnum sem þeir höfðu til, Orkn. 360; sjái þér nökkuð ráð ( possibility) eðr efni vár ( means), 358; grunar mik, at Þórólfr muni eigi görr kunna at sjá efni sín, i. e. I fear that Th. will overrate his own means, power, Eg. 76; þá væri þat efni nú í vóru máli, it would be a chance for us, Fms. ix. 239; þar vóru engi efni önnur, there was no other chance, xi. 144; nú eru þess eigi efni, if that be impossible, Grág. ii. 140; hér eru engin efni til þess at ek muna svíkja hann, i. e. I will by no means deceive him, it is out of the question that I should do so, Eg. 60.
    β. in mod. usage, means, property, riches.
    COMPDS: efnafæð, efnalauss, efnaleysi, efnalítill, efnaskortr.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > EFNI

  • 79 TÚN

    n.
    1) a hedged plot, enclosure, court-yard, homestead; gullu gæss í túni, the geese screamed in the yard;
    2) home field, home meadow (bleikir akrar, en slegin tún);
    3) town.
    * * *
    n. [a word widely applied and common to all Teut. languages; the Goth. is not on record; A. S. tûn; Engl. town; O. H. G. zûn; Germ. zaun; Norse tûn]:—prop. a hedge; this sense is still used in the Germ. zaun; but in Scandin. the only remnant seems to be the compd tun-riða (see B).
    II. a hedged or fenced plot, enclosure, within which a house is built; then the farm-house with its buildings, the homestead; and lastly, a single house or dwelling: in Norway tun is = Dan. gaards-plads, the quadrangle or premises annexed to the buildings; whereas ‘bö’ answers to the mod. Icel. ‘tún:’ in Norse deeds each single farm is called tún, í efsta túni í Ulfalda-stöðum, D. N. ii. 534: the same usage of the word town remains in Scotland, see Scott’s Waverley, ch. ix, sub fin.: many of the following examples run from one of these senses into the other; tefldu í túni teitir vóru, Vsp.; allir Einherjar Oðins-túnum í, Gm.; ok gullu við gæss í túni, Skv. 3. 29, Gkv. 1. 15; hér í túni, 2. 39; ok er þeir koma heim þá er Úlfr fóstri þeirra heima í túni fyrir, Fb. i. 133; jarls menn tóku skeið ór túninu, galloped out of the tún, Orkn. 416: this sense still remains in phrases as, ríða í tún, to arrive at a house, Nj. 23; cp. skal hann ei bráðum bruna í tún, bóndann dreymdi mig segir hún, Bb.; fara um tún, to pass by a house; þeir fóru um tún í Saurbæ, Bs. i. 647; þá fara þeir Ingi hér í tún, 648; í túni fyrir karldyrum, K. Þ. K.; tún frá túni, from house to house, Karl. 129, 138; þeir fá brotið skjaldþilit, ok komask út fram í túnit, ok þar út á riðit, Grett. 99 (Cod. Ub.); ok er þeir kómu á Ré, gengu þeir ór túni á veginn, fylktu þeir fyrir útan skíð-garðinn, Fms. vii. 324; borgir eða héruð eða tún, x. 237; borgir ok kastala, héruð ok tún, Karl. 444; fór ek um þorp ok um tún ok um héraðs-bygðir, Sks. 631.
    2. in Icel. a special sense has prevailed, viz. the ‘enclosed’ in-field, a green manured spot of some score of acres lying around the dwellings; bleikir akrar, slegin tún, Nj. 112; skal hann ganga út í tún at sín, Grág. (Kb.) ii. 209; var þá fluttr farmr af skipinu upp í tún at Borg, Eg. 163; um einn völl svá til at jafna sem eitt tún vítt vel ok kringlótt, Fms. vii. 97; látið hesta vára vera nærri túni, Lv. 44; í túninu í Mávahlíð, Eb. 58; í túninu í Odda mun finnask hóll nokkurr, Bs. i. 228, and so passim in old and mod. Icel. usage; thus tún and engiar are opposed.
    III. metaph. in poets; snáka tún, ‘snake-town,’ i. e. gold; reikar-tún, ‘hair-town’ i. e. the head, Lex. Poët.; bragar tún, the ‘town of song,’ i. e. the mind, the memory of men, Ad. (fine); mun-tún, the ‘mind’s town,’ i. e. the breast, Fas. i. (in a verse); mælsku tún, hyggju tún, the ‘speech town,’ ‘mind’s town,’ i. e. the breast. Lex. Poët.: in local names, but rare, Túnir: Túns-berg, in Norway; Sig-túnir, a place of victory, in Sweden; Tún-garðr, in Icel., Landn.
    B. COMPDS: túnannir, túnbarð, túnbrekka, túnfótr, túngarðr, túngöltr, túnhlið, túnkrepja, túnriða, túnasláttr, túnsvið, túnsvín, túnsækinn, túnvöllr.
    ☞ The ancient Scandinavians, like other old Teutonic people, had no towns; Tacitus says, ‘nullas Germanorum populis urbes habitari satis notum est… colunt discreti ac diversi, ut fons, ut campus, ut nemus placuit,’ Germ. ch. 16. In Norway the first town, Níðarós, was founded by the two Olaves (Olave Tryggvason and Saint Olave, 994–1030), and this town was hence par excellence called Kaupang, q. v. But the real founder of towns in Norway was king Olave the Quiet (1067–1093); as to Iceland, the words of Tacitus, ‘colunt diversi ut fons, etc., placuit,’ still apply; 120 years ago (in 1752), the only town or village of the country (Reykjavík) was a single isolated farm. In the old Norse law, the ‘Town-law’ is the new law attached as an appendix to the old ‘Land-law.’

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > TÚN

  • 80 lavorare

    "to work;
    Fertigen;
    manufaturar"
    * * *
    1. v/i work
    2. v/t materia prima process
    legno carve
    terra work
    * * *
    lavorare v. intr.
    1 to work; (con fatica) to labour, to toil: finita la scuola andrà a lavorare, when he finishes school he'll go (out) to work; lavorare molto, sodo, to work hard; (far) lavorare troppo, to overwork; lavorare meglio di qlcu., to outwork s.o.; lavorare a ore, to work by the hour; lavorare a tempo pieno, a tempo parziale, to work full-time, part-time; lavorare a orario ridotto, to work short time (o to be on short time); far lavorare qlcu. a orario ridotto, to put s.o. on short time; lavorare a turni, to work by (o in) relays, to work (in) shifts; lavorare in proprio, to work on one's own account (o to work for oneself); lavorare presso qlcu., to be in the employ of s.o.; lavorare da falegname, da muratore, to work as a carpenter, a bricklayer; lavorare nel cinema, to work in the cinema industry; lavorare nei trasporti, to work in the transport industry; lavorare d'ago, to needlework; lavorare d'intarsio, to inlay; lavorare a maglia, to knit; lavorare a, intorno a qlco., to work at (o on) sthg.; sto lavorando a un romanzo, I am working on a novel; dare da lavorare a qlcu., to provide work (o employment) for s.o. // ( Borsa) lavorare in parità, to transact at par // (miner.) lavorare in profondità, to work in depth // l'Italia che lavora, the working population of Italy // lavorare come un cane, come un negro, to work like a dog // lavorare di cervello, to do brain work (o intellectual work); (ingegnarsi) to use one's brain // lavorare d'astuzia, to be shrewd // lavorare di fantasia, to let one's imagination run free; (inventare) to imagine things // lavorare di gomiti, to elbow one's way (through) // lavorare di mano, (rubare) to steal // lavorare per la gloria, to work for nothing // lavorare sott'acqua, (fig.) to scheme, to be underhanded // far lavorare qlcu. fino all'esaurimento, to work s.o. to a standstill (o to death) // chi non lavora non mangia, (prov.) no work, no pay
    2 (funzionare) to operate, to work; (di chiave) to turn: in quello stabilimento gli impianti lavorano giorno e notte, in that plant machines work (o operate) day and night; le fabbriche hanno ripreso a lavorare, the factories have resumed working; il suo fegato non lavora bene, his liver doesn't work very well; il veleno sta lavorando, the poison is working (o is having its effect)
    3 (avere un giro di affari) to do* business: questo bar lavora poco, this coffee bar doesn't do much business; questo negozio lavora molto, this shop is doing good business
    ◆ v.tr. to work; (trattare) to process; (mecc.) (alle macchine) to machine (tool): lavorare il ferro, la creta, to work iron, clay; (metall.) lavorare a freddo, a caldo, to hot-work, to cold-work; lavorare a sbalzo, to emboss; lavorare la terra, to till (o to work) the land; (cuc.) lavorare la pasta, to work dough// lavorarsi qlcu., (fig.) to work on s.o. (o to get round s.o.); (boxe) to beat up; si è lavorato il capo e ha avuto l'aumento, he worked on the boss and got a rise; lavorarsi l'opinione pubblica, to work on public opinion.
    * * *
    [lavo'rare]
    1. vi (aus avere)
    1) (persona) to work

    lavorare duro o sodo — to work hard

    lavorare in proprio — to work for o.s., be self-employed

    lavorare a maglia/ad ago — to knit/do needlework

    lavorare di fantasia — (suggestionarsi) to imagine things, (fantasticare) to let one's imagination run free

    2) (funzionare: macchinari) to work, run, operate, (negozi, uffici: far affari) to do well, do good business
    2. vt
    (creta, ferro) to work, (legno) to carve, (Culin : pane, pasta) to work, knead, (burro) to beat, (Agr : terra) to work, cultivate

    lavorarsi qn — (fig : convincere) to work on sb

    * * *
    [lavo'rare] 1.
    verbo transitivo (manipolare) to work [legno, metallo]; gastr. to knead [ pasta]; agr. to work, to cultivate [ terra]
    2.
    verbo intransitivo (aus. avere)

    lavorare molto o sodo to work hard; lavorare in fabbrica to work in a factory; lavorare nell'editoria to work in publishing; lavorare per qcn. to work for sb.; lavorare come insegnante to work as a teacher; lavorare in proprio to work for oneself, to freelance; lavorare in nero = to work without declaring one's earnings, under the table; lavorare a cottimo to job; lavorare su un testo, a un progetto to work on a text, project; far lavorare un allievo to make a pupil work; far lavorare il cervello fig. to apply one's mind; lavori troppo di immaginazione — you have an overactive imagination

    2) (fare affari) [commerciante, negozio, albergo] to do* business
    3) sart.

    lavorare qcn. ai fianchi — [ boxeur] to work away at sb.'s ribs

    3.
    verbo pronominale lavorarsi

    -rsi qcn. — to work on sb

    ••

    lavorare sott'acqua — to plot, to scheme

    * * *
    lavorare
    /lavo'rare/ [1]
      (manipolare) to work [legno, metallo]; gastr. to knead [ pasta]; agr. to work, to cultivate [ terra]
     (aus. avere)
     1 to work; lavorare molto o sodo to work hard; lavorare in fabbrica to work in a factory; lavorare nell'editoria to work in publishing; lavorare per qcn. to work for sb.; lavorare come insegnante to work as a teacher; lavorare in proprio to work for oneself, to freelance; lavorare in nero = to work without declaring one's earnings, under the table; lavorare a cottimo to job; lavorare su un testo, a un progetto to work on a text, project; far lavorare un allievo to make a pupil work; far lavorare il cervello fig. to apply one's mind; lavori troppo di immaginazione you have an overactive imagination
     2 (fare affari) [commerciante, negozio, albergo] to do* business; lavorare molto to do good business; lavorare in perdita to run at loss
     3 sart. lavorare a maglia to knit; lavorare all'uncinetto to crochet
     4 sport lavorare qcn. ai fianchi [ boxeur] to work away at sb.'s ribs
    III lavorarsi verbo pronominale
     -rsi qcn. to work on sb.
    lavorare come un negro to work like a slave; lavorare come un mulo to work like a horse; lavorare di gomiti to elbow one's way; lavorare sott'acqua to plot, to scheme.

    Dizionario Italiano-Inglese > lavorare

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См. также в других словарях:

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