-
41 line
I 1. noun1) ((a piece of) thread, cord, rope etc: She hung the washing on the line; a fishing-rod and line.) vrv2) (a long, narrow mark, streak or stripe: She drew straight lines across the page; a dotted/wavy line.) črta3) (outline or shape especially relating to length or direction: The ship had very graceful lines; A dancer uses a mirror to improve his line.) linija4) (a groove on the skin; a wrinkle.) guba5) (a row or group of objects or persons arranged side by side or one behind the other: The children stood in a line; a line of trees.) vrsta6) (a short letter: I'll drop him a line.) kratko sporočilo7) (a series or group of persons which come one after the other especially in the same family: a line of kings.) rod8) (a track or direction: He pointed out the line of the new road; a new line of research.) smer9) (the railway or a single track of the railway: Passengers must cross the line by the bridge only.) tir10) (a continuous system (especially of pipes, electrical or telephone cables etc) connecting one place with another: a pipeline; a line of communication; All (telephone) lines are engaged.) cevovod, omrežje11) (a row of written or printed words: The letter contained only three lines; a poem of sixteen lines.) vrstica12) (a regular service of ships, aircraft etc: a shipping line.) linija13) (a group or class (of goods for sale) or a field of activity, interest etc: This has been a very popular new line; Computers are not really my line.) vrsta izdelkov; področje14) (an arrangement of troops, especially when ready to fight: fighting in the front line.) bojna vrsta2. verb1) (to form lines along: Crowds lined the pavement to see the Queen.) postaviti se v vrsto2) (to mark with lines.) začrtati•- lineage- linear- lined- liner- lines- linesman
- hard lines!
- in line for
- in
- out of line with
- line up
- read between the lines II verb1) (to cover on the inside: She lined the box with newspaper.) obložiti2) (to put a lining in: She lined the dress with silk.) podložiti•- lined- liner- lining* * *I [lain]nounčrta, linija, poteza; guba, brazda (na obrazu, roki); mathematics črta (zlasti premica); geography ekvator, poldnevnik, vzporednik; smer, pot (avtobusna, železniška) proga, tir; plural obris, kontura, oblika; plural načrt (ladje), osnutek, plan; plural načela, smernice, navodila; način, metoda, postopek; meja, mejna črta (tudi figuratively); vrsta, niz, rep (ljudi); soglasje; rod, veja, koleno, pokolenje; printing vrstica; kratko sporočilo, kratko pismo; stih, pesmica (upon s.th. to s.o.); plural British English latinski stihi, ki jih mora dijak prepisati za kazen, kazenska pismena naloga; plural theatre tekst vloge, vloga; plural colloquially poročni list; colloquially poročilo, pojasnilo; plural usoda; stroka, področje, panoga; telefonska, telegrafska linija; technical vod; economy sortiment, blago, predmet, plural serijsko blago; military (bojna) linija, vrsta, fronta, frontne čete, šotori ali barake v taboru; vrv, konopec; žica, kabelline of vision — horizont, obzorje; military vizirna črtaon the dotted line — v vrsti, ki je namenjena za podpison the line — na meji, politics na linijiline of fate (fortune, heart, life) — črta usode (sreče, srca, življenja) na rokiBritish English up (down) line — (vlak) v (iz) London(a)on the lines laid down by the chairman — po smernicah, ki jih je postavil predsedujočialong these lines — po teh navodilih, smernicahto take ( —ali keep to) one's own line — ukrepati po svoje, držati se svoje potito take a strong line — (with s.o.) biti čvrst, neomajen (do koga), vztrajatito take the line that — zavzeti stališče, da; biti mišljenja, daout of line — iz črte, ne na črti; figuratively nesoglasen, nezdružljiv; iz ravnotežjathat's s.th. out of ( —ali not in) my line — to mi ne leži, ne spada v mojo strokoto draw the line — (at) povleči mejo (pri)to toe the line — spoštovati predpise; politics biti na linijito give s.o. line enough — popustiti uzde, pustiti komu proste roketo go over the line — prekoračiti mejo, meroAmerican figuratively to be in line for — pričakovati (službo), upati nato be in line with — soglašati s, zto bring s.o. into line — ( with) spraviti v sklad s, zpolitics pridobiti koga k sodelovanju; American colloquially to go down the line for — zavezati se za kaj (na celi črti)to drop s.o. a line — napisati komu par vrstictheatre to study one's lines — učiti se vlogecolloquially hard lines — težka usoda, "smola", nesrečaAmerican party line — dvojček (telefon)economy line of goods — vrsta blaga, naročilo zanjmilitary line of fire — strelska bojna vrstamilitary line of battle — frontna linijamilitary line of defence — obrambna linijamilitary to go up the line — iti v frontno linijomilitary the line — regularne četenautical ship of the line — linijska ladjaphysics line of force — magnetna silnicasomewhere along the line — ob neki priliki, v gotovem trenutkufiguratively to keep to one's line — iti premočrtnofiguratively by (rule and) line — natančno, preciznohook, line, and sinker — popoln(oma)to have s.o. on a line — pustiti koga v negotovostiII [lain]1.transitive verbčrtati, načrtati; začrtati, skicirati, zarisati, orisati; zbrazdati, zgubati (obraz); obrobi.ti, nasaditi (drevje); postaviti v vrste;2.intransitive verbpostaviti se v vrste, postrojiti seIII [lain]transitive verbpodložiti (obleko)technical (na notranji strani) prevleči, obložiti, opažiti, podložiti, zaliti; biti za podlogo; oblepiti hrbet knjige; napolniti; slang to line one's purse ( —ali pocket) — napolniti mošnjo, obogatetiIV [lain]transitive verbpariti (pse) -
42 roll
[rəul] 1. n( of paper) rolka f; ( of cloth) bela f; ( of banknotes) zwitek m; ( of members etc) lista f, wykaz m; ( in parish etc) rejestr m, archiwum nt; ( of drums) werbel m; (also: bread roll) bułka f2. vtball, dice toczyć, kulać; (also: roll up) string zwijać (zwinąć perf); sleeves podwijać (podwinąć perf); cigarette skręcać (skręcić perf); eyes przewracać +instr; (also: roll out) pastry wałkować, rozwałkowywać (rozwałkować perf); road, lawn walcować3. viball, stone, tears toczyć się (potoczyć się perf); thunder przetaczać się (przetoczyć się perf); ship kołysać się; sweat spływać; camera, printing press chodzićcheese/ham roll — bułka z serem/szynką
Phrasal Verbs:- roll in- roll up* * *I 1. [rəul] noun1) (anything flat (eg a piece of paper, a carpet) rolled into the shape of a tube, wound round a tube etc: a roll of kitchen foil; a toilet-roll.) rolka2) (a small piece of baked bread dough, used eg for sandwiches: a cheese roll.) bułka3) (an act of rolling: Our dog loves a roll on the grass.) tarzanie się4) (a ship's action of rocking from side to side: She said that the roll of the ship made her feel ill.) kołysanie5) (a long low sound: the roll of thunder.) grzmot6) (a thick mass of flesh: I'd like to get rid of these rolls of fat round my waist.) zwał7) (a series of quick beats (on a drum).) werbel2. verb1) (to move by turning over like a wheel or ball: The coin/pencil rolled under the table; He rolled the ball towards the puppy; The ball rolled away.) (po)toczyć (się)2) (to move on wheels, rollers etc: The children rolled the cart up the hill, then let it roll back down again.) toczyć3) (to form (a piece of paper, a carpet) into the shape of a tube by winding: to roll the carpet back.) zwinąć (w rulon)4) ((of a person or animal in a lying position) to turn over: The doctor rolled the patient (over) on to his side; The dog rolled on to its back.) przewrócić (się)5) (to shape (clay etc) into a ball or cylinder by turning it about between the hands: He rolled the clay into a ball.) rozwałkować, utoczyć6) (to cover with something by rolling: When the little girl's dress caught fire, they rolled her in a blanket.) zawinąć7) (to make (something) flat or flatter by rolling something heavy over it: to roll a lawn; to roll pastry (out).) walcować, wałkować8) ((of a ship) to rock from side to side while travelling forwards: The storm made the ship roll.) kołysanie się9) (to make a series of low sounds: The thunder rolled; The drums rolled.) grzmieć10) (to move (one's eyes) round in a circle to express fear, surprise etc.) wywrócić11) (to travel in a car etc: We were rolling along merrily when a tyre burst.) turlać się12) ((of waves, rivers etc) to move gently and steadily: The waves rolled in to the shore.) falować, płynąć, kołysać się13) ((of time) to pass: Months rolled by.) przemijać•- roller- rolling
- roller-skate 3. verb(to move on roller-skates: You shouldn't roller-skate on the pavement.) jeździć na wrotkach- roll in
- roll up II(a list of names, eg of pupils in a school etc: There are nine hundred pupils on the roll.) rejestr -
43 advertising
сущ.1) рекл. реклама (совокупность каких-л. рекламных объявлений; обычно употребляется с указанием места, где размещается данная реклама)Over 60 percent of alcohol advertising [on television\] is shown during sports programming
Asian governments have attempted to limit excessive consumptions by instituting strict control over the content and amount of advertising in the media.
Advertising [on buses\] is one of the important advertising means to which companies and establishments attach great importance because this type of advertisement is a mobile one seen by all.
two-thirds of the food and drink advertising for children under 12 — две трети всей рекламы продуктов питания для детей младше 12-ти лет
Last month, 10 companies that produce almost two-thirds of the food and drink advertising [for children\] under 12 agreed to start cutting back on advertising junk foods.
No person shall within the city distribute [printed\] advertising by placing it within or upon parked automobiles.
2) рекл. реклама, рекламирование (процесс осуществления рекламы; как правило, употребляется с указанием рекламируемого продукта)Alcohol advertising is the promotion of alcoholic beverages by alcohol producers through a variety of media.
the control of medicines advertising in the UK — контроль за рекламой лекарств в Соединенном Королевстве
ATTRIBUTES: accessory 2. 1), advance 3. 2), aerial 3. 1), agricultural, air 2. 1),
alternative 2. 3), ambient 1. 1), audiovisual, auxiliary 2. 1), block 1. 4) а), boastful, broadcast 2. 1), n1, classified 1. 1), commercial 1. 4) а), comparative, competing 1. 1) а), competitive 1. 2) а), concept 1. 2) а), consumer 1. 1) а), continuity 1. 1) а), controversial 1. 1) а), cooperative 2. 1), n2, coordinated, corporate 1. 2) а), б, corrective 1. 1), creative, deceptive, demographic, denigratory, dissipative, domestic 1. 2) а),
foreign 1) б), global, professional 1. 3) б), regional, repeat 3. 3) б), strategic, superior 3. 1) б), test 3. 3) б), traditional
Syn:See:accessory advertising, advance advertising, advocacy advertising, aerial advertising, agricultural advertising, air advertising, aisle advertising, alternative advertising, ambient advertising, analogy advertising, association advertising, audiovisual advertising, auxiliary advertising, bait advertising, bait and switch advertising, bait-and-switch advertising, bank advertising, banner advertising, bargain advertising, bargain-basement advertising, block advertising, boastful advertising, brand advertising, brand image advertising, brand name advertising, breakthrough advertising, broadcast advertising, burst advertising, business advertising, business paper advertising, business publication advertising, business-to-business advertising, car-card advertising, cause advertising, challenged advertising, charity advertising, children's advertising, cinema advertising, classified advertising, combative advertising, commercial advertising, comparative advertising, comparison advertising, competing advertising, competitive advertising, concept advertising, consumer advertising, continuity advertising, controversial advertising, co-op advertising, cooperative advertising, coordinated advertising, corporate advertising, corporate image advertising, corrective advertising, counter advertising, counteradvertising, coupon advertising, creative advertising, deceptive advertising, demographic advertising, demonstration advertising, denigratory advertising, direct advertising, direct response advertising, direct-action advertising, direct mail advertising, direct-mail advertising, directory advertising, display advertising, dissipative advertising, domestic advertising, door-to-door advertising, educational advertising, electric advertising, electrical advertising, e-mail based advertising, entertaining advertising, ethical advertising, export advertising, eye-catching advertising, factual advertising, false advertising, farm advertising, fashion advertising, film advertising, financial advertising, flexform advertising, follow-up advertising, foreign advertising, fraudulent advertising, full-page advertising, gender advertising, general advertising, generic advertising, global advertising, goodwill advertising, group advertising, hard-sell advertising, hard-selling advertising, heavy advertising, help wanted advertising, high-pressure advertising, house advertising, house-to-house advertising, idea advertising, illuminated advertising, image advertising, impact advertising, indirect action advertising, indirect-action advertising, individual advertising, indoor advertising, industrial advertising, information advertising, informational advertising, informative advertising, in-house advertising, initial advertising, innovative advertising, institutional advertising, in-store advertising, insurance advertising, international advertising, interstate advertising, introductory advertising, intrusive advertising, issue advertising, joint advertising, large-scale advertising, launch advertising, legal advertising, local advertising, mail advertising, mail-order advertising, mass advertising, mass-media advertising, media advertising, military advertising, misleading advertising, mobile advertising, mood advertising, movie theatre advertising, multimedia advertising, multinational advertising, national advertising, non-business advertising, non-commercial advertising, novelty advertising, obtrusive advertising, offbeat advertising, off-season advertising, on-line advertising, on-target advertising, opinion advertising, oral advertising, outdoor advertising, out-of-home advertising, package advertising, periodical advertising, personality advertising, persuasive advertising, point-of-purchase advertising, point-of-sale advertising, political advertising, postal advertising, postcard advertising, poster advertising, postmark advertising, pre-launch advertising, premium advertising, press advertising, prestige advertising, price advertising, primary advertising, print advertising, private sector advertising, problem-solution advertising, procurement advertising, producer advertising, product advertising, product-comparison advertising, professional advertising, promotional advertising, public relations advertising, public sector advertising, public service advertising, public-affairs advertising, public interest advertising, public-issue advertising, public-service advertising, radio advertising, railway advertising, reason-why advertising, recruitment advertising, regional advertising, reinforcement advertising, remembrance advertising, reminder advertising, repeat advertising, retail advertising, retentive advertising, saturation advertising, scented advertising, screen advertising, seasonal advertising, selective advertising, self-advertising, semi-display advertising, show-window advertising, sky advertising, slide advertising, social advertising, social cause advertising, soft-sell advertising, specialty advertising, split-run advertising, spot advertising, store advertising, strategic advertising, street advertising, strip advertising, subliminal advertising, sustaining advertising, switch advertising, tactical advertising, target advertising, taxi top advertising, teaser advertising, television advertising, test advertising, testimonial advertising, tie-in advertising, tombstone advertising, total advertising, trade advertising, trademark advertising, traditional advertising, transformational advertising, transit advertising, transportation advertising, truthful advertising, truth-in-advertising, two-step formal advertising, unacceptable advertising, unfair advertising, untruthful advertising, visual advertising, vocational advertising, wall advertising, word-of-mouth advertising, written advertising, yellow pages advertising, advertising abuse, advertising action, advertising aids, advertising analysis а), advertising appeal, advertising approach, advertising audience, advertising awareness, advertising balance, advertising band, advertising believability, advertising break, advertising brochure, advertising catalogue, advertising circular, advertising claim 1) а), advertising clutter, advertising column, advertising communication, advertising competition 2) а), advertising copy, advertising coupon, advertising credibility, advertising cue, advertising decay, advertising deception, advertising device, advertising emphasis, advertising exaggeration, advertising exposure 2) а), advertising factor а), advertising film, advertising folder, advertising frequency, advertising gift, advertising gimmick, advertising handbill, advertising hoarding, advertising image, advertising impact, advertising impression, advertising influence, advertising insert, advertising intensity, advertising jingle, advertising label, advertising leaflet, advertising letter, advertising literature 1) а), advertising location, advertising magazine, advertising material, advertising matter, advertising media, advertising medium, advertising novelty, advertising operation 2) а), advertising page, advertising pamphlet, advertising panel, advertising penetration, advertising perception, advertising personality, advertising playback, advertising point, advertising posttest, advertising pretest, advertising puffery, advertising pylon, advertising race, advertising readership, advertising recall, advertising response, advertising retention, advertising sample, advertising section 2) а), advertising site, advertising slogan, advertising space, advertising specialty, advertising sponsorship, advertising spoof, advertising spot, advertising standards, advertising structure, advertising supplement, advertising test, advertising testing, advertising text, advertising threshold, advertising time, advertising vehicle, advertising wearout, advertising wedge, Canadian Code of Advertising Standards, Code of Advertising Practice, Defining Advertising goals for Measured Advertising Results, Federal Cigarette Labeling and Advertising Act, ICC Guidelines / Code on Advertising and Marketing on the Internet, ICC International Code of Advertising Practice, ICC International Code of Environmental Advertising, ICC International Codes of Marketing and Advertising Practices, Standard Advertising Register, Standard Directory of Advertising Agencies, Standards of Practice of the American Association of Advertising Agencies, Advertising Association, Advertising Association of the West, Advertising Checking Bureau, Advertising Club of New York, Advertising Council, Advertising Council, Inc., Advertising Council, Inc., Advertising Council, Inc., Advertising Council, Inc., Advertising Council, Inc., Advertising Council, Inc., Advertising Council, Inc., Advertising Council, Inc., Advertising Council, Inc., Advertising Council, Inc., Advertising Council, Inc., Advertising Council, Inc., Advertising Council, Inc., Advertising Council, Inc., Advertising Council, Inc., Advertising Council, Inc., Advertising Council, Inc., Advertising Council, Inc., Advertising Council, Inc., Advertising Council, Inc., Advertising Council, Inc., Advertising Council, Inc., Advertising Council, Inc., Advertising Council, Inc., Advertising Council, Inc., Advertising Council, Inc., Advertising Council, Inc., Advertising Council, Inc., Advertising Council, Inc., Advertising Council, Inc., Advertising Council, Inc., Advertising Council, Inc. 2), Advertising Council, Inc., Advertising Council, Inc., Advertising Council, Inc.3) рекл. рекламное дело, рекламная деятельность, рекламный бизнес (реклама как вид деятельности безотносительно каких-л. конкретных продуктов; реклама как одна из функций организации)advertising counsellor [consultant\] — рекламный консультант, консультант по рекламе
advertising expert — рекламный эксперт, эксперт по рекламе
Syn:See:above-the-line advertising, below-the-line advertising, flat fee advertising, investment advertising, per inquiry advertising, advertising account, advertising activity, advertising agency, advertising agent, advertising agreement, advertising allowance, advertising analysis б), advertising appropriation, advertising assistant, advertising audit, advertising brief, advertising broker, advertising budget, advertising business, advertising campaign, advertising canvasser, advertising claim 2) б), advertising club, advertising code, advertising community, advertising company, advertising competition 1) б), advertising contract, advertising contractor, advertising control, advertising cooperative, advertising copywriting, advertising cost, advertising coverage, advertising customer, advertising department, advertising director, advertising directory, advertising drive, advertising effect, advertising effectiveness, advertising efficiency, advertising environment, advertising ethics, advertising exchange, advertising executive, advertising expenditures, advertising expenses, advertising exposure 1) б), &3, advertising factor б), advertising firm, advertising guide, advertising industry, advertising injury, advertising landscape, advertising legislation, advertising leverage, advertising liability, advertising linage, advertising literature 2) б), advertising man, advertising management, advertising manager, advertising method, advertising mix, advertising monopoly, advertising network, advertising objective, advertising office, advertising operation 1) б), advertising order, advertising outcome, advertising outlay, advertising output, advertising people, advertising performance, advertising personnel, advertising plan, advertising planner, advertising planning, advertising portfolio, advertising practice, advertising practitioner, advertising professional, advertising programme, advertising purpose, advertising rate, advertising register, advertising representative, advertising research, advertising restrictions, advertising sales agents, advertising schedule, advertising section 1) б), advertising self-regulation, advertising services, advertising specialist, advertising spending, advertising statistics, advertising strategy, advertising substantiation, advertising support, advertising talent, advertising theory, advertising value, advertising variable, advertising weight, media buy, copywriting, advertology
* * *
реклама, рекламирование: использование печатных, теле-, радио- и иных посланий, оплаченных рекламодателем, для благоприятного воздействия на потенциальных покупателей товара или клиентов.* * *размещение объявлений; размещение рекламы; рекламирование. . Словарь экономических терминов .* * *эмоционально окрашенная информация об основных характеристиках отдельных видов страхования и страховых операций с целью формирования устойчивого спроса на страховые услуги-----средство распространения информации и убеждения людей через прессу, телевидение, радиовещание, объявления, плакаты и другим образом -
44 paper
'peipə
1. noun1) (the material on which these words are written, made from wood, rags etc and used for writing, printing, wrapping parcels etc: I need paper and a pen to write a letter; (also adjective) a paper bag.) papel2) (a single (often printed or typed) piece of this: There were papers all over his desk.) papel3) (a newspaper: Have you read the paper?) periódico4) (a group of questions for a written examination: The Latin paper was very difficult.) examen5) ((in plural) documents proving one's identity, nationality etc: The policeman demanded my papers.) papeles, documentos•- papery- paperback
2. adjectivepaperback novels.) de bolsillo- paper-knife
- paper sculpture
- paperweight
- paperwork
paper n1. papel2. periódicotr['peɪpəSMALLr/SMALL]1 (material) papel nombre masculino2 (newspaper) periódico, diario3 (examination) examen nombre masculino4 (essay, written work) trabajo (escrito); (for conference) ponencia1 empapelar1 los periódicos nombre masculino plural, la prensa\SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALLnot to be worth the paper it's written on ser papel mojadoto put something down on paper poner algo por escritobrown paper papel nombre masculino de estrazacall-up papers llamamiento m sing a filasidentity papers documentación nombre femeninopaper handkerchief kleenex nombre masculino, pañuelo de papelpaper mill fábrica de papelpaper money papel nombre masculino monedapaper round reparto de periódicospaper shop quioscopaper tiger tigre nombre masculino de papelquestion paper cuestionariowhite paper libro blancopaper ['peɪpər] vtwallpaper: empapelarpaper adj: de papelpaper n1) : papel ma piece of paper: un papel2) document: papel m, documento m3) newspaper: periódico m, diario madj.• de papel adj.n.• artículo s.m.• holandés s.m.• papel s.m.• periódico s.m.• ponencia s.f.v.• empapelar v.
I 'peɪpər, 'peɪpə(r)1)a) u ( material) papel mthis agreement/contract is not worth the paper it's printed on — este acuerdo/contrato es papel mojado or no tiene el menor valor
to get o put something down on paper — poner* algo por escrito; (before n) <towel, handkerchief> de papel
paper knife — abrecartas m, cortapapeles m
paper mill — fábrica f de papel, papelera f
paper money — papel m moneda
b) c ( wrapper) (esp BrE) envoltorio m, papel m2) c ( newspaper) diario m, periódico m; (before n)paper boy/girl — repartidor, -dora m,f de periódicos or diarios, diar(i)ero, -ra m,f (CS)
paper round — reparto m de diarios or periódicos
paper shop — (BrE) tienda f de periódicos, ≈quiosco m ( de periódicos)
3) ca) ( for journal) trabajo m, artículo m; ( at conference) ponencia fb) ( Govt) see white paperidentity papers — documentos de identidad, documentación f personal
ship's papers — documentación f del barco
to give somebody her/his walking papers — (AmE colloq) poner* a alguien de patitas en la calle (fam)
II
transitive verb \<\<wall/room\>\> empapelar or (Méx tb) tapizar*Phrasal Verbs:['peɪpǝ(r)]1. N1) (=material) papel m ; (=wallpaper) papel m pintadoa piece of paper — un papel, una hoja (de papel)
to put sth down on paper, commit sth to paper — poner algo por escrito
on paper — (fig) en teoría, sobre el papel
2) (=newspaper) periódico m, diario mthe papers — los periódicos, la prensa
to write for the papers — colaborar en los periódicos, escribir artículos para los periódicos
your papers, please — la documentación, por favor
ship's papers — documentación f del barco
4) (Univ etc) (=essay) ejercicio m, ensayo m ; (=exam) examen m6) (Parl) documento m basegreen 4., white 3.2.VT [+ wall, room] empapelar, tapizar (Mex)3.CPD de papelpaper advance N — (on printer) avance m de papel
paper chain N — cadeneta f de papel
paper chase N — rallye-paper m
paper clip N — clip m, sujetapapeles m inv
paper credit N — (Econ) papel m crédito
paper currency N — papel m moneda
paper fastener N — grapa f
paper feed(er) N — alimentador m de papel
paper handkerchief, paper hankie N — pañuelo m de papel
paper industry N — industria f papelera
paper knife N — abrecartas m inv
paper lantern N — farolillo m de papel
paper loss N — (Econ) pérdida que tiene lugar cuando baja el valor de una acción etc sin venderse esta
paper mill N — fábrica f de papel, papelera f
paper money N — (gen) papel m moneda; (=banknotes) billetes mpl de banco
paper napkin N — servilleta f de papel
paper profit N — (Econ) beneficio m no realizado
paper qualifications NPL — títulos mpl
paper round N — reparto m de periódicos
paper shop N — (Brit) tienda f de periódicos, quiosco m
paper tape N — cinta f de papel
paper tiger N — (fig) tigre m de papel
paper tissue N — pañuelo m de papel, tisú m
paper towel N — toallita f de papel
paper trail N — (esp US) pruebas fpl documentales
* * *
I ['peɪpər, 'peɪpə(r)]1)a) u ( material) papel mthis agreement/contract is not worth the paper it's printed on — este acuerdo/contrato es papel mojado or no tiene el menor valor
to get o put something down on paper — poner* algo por escrito; (before n) <towel, handkerchief> de papel
paper knife — abrecartas m, cortapapeles m
paper mill — fábrica f de papel, papelera f
paper money — papel m moneda
b) c ( wrapper) (esp BrE) envoltorio m, papel m2) c ( newspaper) diario m, periódico m; (before n)paper boy/girl — repartidor, -dora m,f de periódicos or diarios, diar(i)ero, -ra m,f (CS)
paper round — reparto m de diarios or periódicos
paper shop — (BrE) tienda f de periódicos, ≈quiosco m ( de periódicos)
3) ca) ( for journal) trabajo m, artículo m; ( at conference) ponencia fb) ( Govt) see white paperidentity papers — documentos de identidad, documentación f personal
ship's papers — documentación f del barco
to give somebody her/his walking papers — (AmE colloq) poner* a alguien de patitas en la calle (fam)
II
transitive verb \<\<wall/room\>\> empapelar or (Méx tb) tapizar*Phrasal Verbs: -
45 type
I [taɪp]1) (variety, kind) tipo m., genere m.I'm not that type I don't go in for that type of thing non è il mio genere; he's one of those pretentious university types è uno di quegli universitari presuntuosi; I know his type spreg. conosco quel genere di persone; you know the type of thing I mean — sai di cosa sto parlando o ciò che voglio dire
2) (archetype) tipo m., esemplare m., personificazione f.to play o be cast against type — cinem. teatr. fare un ruolo che non è il proprio, per cui non si è tagliati
3) tip. tipo m., carattere m.II 1. [taɪp]bold, italic type — grassetto, corsivo
1) (on typewriter) battere, scrivere a macchina, dattilografare [word, letter]2) (classify) classificare [ blood sample]; classificare, rappresentare [ person] (as come)2.verbo intransitivo scrivere, battere a macchina- type in- type out- type up* * *I noun(a kind, sort; variety: What type of house would you prefer to live in?; They are marketing a new type of washing powder.)II 1. noun1) ((a particular variety of) metal blocks with letters, numbers etc used in printing: Can we have the headline printed in a different type?)2) (printed letters, words etc: I can't read the type - it's too small.)2. verb(to write (something) using a typewriter: Can you type?; I'm typing a letter.)- typing- typewriting
- typist
- typewriter* * *I [taɪp]1) (variety, kind) tipo m., genere m.I'm not that type I don't go in for that type of thing non è il mio genere; he's one of those pretentious university types è uno di quegli universitari presuntuosi; I know his type spreg. conosco quel genere di persone; you know the type of thing I mean — sai di cosa sto parlando o ciò che voglio dire
2) (archetype) tipo m., esemplare m., personificazione f.to play o be cast against type — cinem. teatr. fare un ruolo che non è il proprio, per cui non si è tagliati
3) tip. tipo m., carattere m.II 1. [taɪp]bold, italic type — grassetto, corsivo
1) (on typewriter) battere, scrivere a macchina, dattilografare [word, letter]2) (classify) classificare [ blood sample]; classificare, rappresentare [ person] (as come)2.verbo intransitivo scrivere, battere a macchina- type in- type out- type up -
46 Eastman, George
SUBJECT AREA: Photography, film and optics[br]b. 12 July 1854 Waterville, New York, USAd. 14 March 1932 Rochester, New York, USA[br]American industrialist and pioneer of popular photography.[br]The young Eastman was a clerk-bookkeeper in the Rochester Savings Bank when in 1877 he took up photography. Taking lessons in the wet-plate process, he became an enthusiastic amateur photographer. However, the cumbersome equipment and noxious chemicals used in the process proved an obstacle, as he said, "It seemed to be that one ought to be able to carry less than a pack-horse load." Then he came across an account of the new gelatine dry-plate process in the British Journal of Photography of March 1878. He experimented in coating glass plates with the new emulsions, and was soon so successful that he decided to go into commercial manufacture. He devised a machine to simplify the coating of the plates, and travelled to England in July 1879 to patent it. In April 1880 he prepared to begin manufacture in a rented building in Rochester, and contacted the leading American photographic supply house, E. \& H.T.Anthony, offering them an option as agents. A local whip manufacturer, Henry A.Strong, invested $1,000 in the enterprise and the Eastman Dry Plate Company was formed on 1 January 1881. Still working at the Savings Bank, he ran the business in his spare time, and demand grew for the quality product he was producing. The fledgling company survived a near disaster in 1882 when the quality of the emulsions dropped alarmingly. Eastman later discovered this was due to impurities in the gelatine used, and this led him to test all raw materials rigorously for quality. In 1884 the company became a corporation, the Eastman Dry Plate \& Film Company, and a new product was announced. Mindful of his desire to simplify photography, Eastman, with a camera maker, William H.Walker, designed a roll-holder in which the heavy glass plates were replaced by a roll of emulsion-coated paper. The holders were made in sizes suitable for most plate cameras. Eastman designed and patented a coating machine for the large-scale production of the paper film, bringing costs down dramatically, the roll-holders were acclaimed by photographers worldwide, and prizes and medals were awarded, but Eastman was still not satisfied. The next step was to incorporate the roll-holder in a smaller, hand-held camera. His first successful design was launched in June 1888: the Kodak camera. A small box camera, it held enough paper film for 100 circular exposures, and was bought ready-loaded. After the film had been exposed, the camera was returned to Eastman's factory, where the film was removed, processed and printed, and the camera reloaded. This developing and printing service was the most revolutionary part of his invention, since at that time photographers were expected to process their own photographs, which required access to a darkroom and appropriate chemicals. The Kodak camera put photography into the hands of the countless thousands who wanted photographs without complications. Eastman's marketing slogan neatly summed up the advantage: "You Press the Button, We Do the Rest." The Kodak camera was the last product in the design of which Eastman was personally involved. His company was growing rapidly, and he recruited the most talented scientists and technicians available. New products emerged regularly—notably the first commercially produced celluloid roll film for the Kodak cameras in July 1889; this material made possible the introduction of cinematography a few years later. Eastman's philosophy of simplifying photography and reducing its costs continued to influence products: for example, the introduction of the one dollar, or five shilling, Brownie camera in 1900, which put photography in the hands of almost everyone. Over the years the Eastman Kodak Company, as it now was, grew into a giant multinational corporation with manufacturing and marketing organizations throughout the world. Eastman continued to guide the company; he pursued an enlightened policy of employee welfare and profit sharing decades before this was common in industry. He made massive donations to many concerns, notably the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and supported schemes for the education of black people, dental welfare, calendar reform, music and many other causes, he withdrew from the day-to-day control of the company in 1925, and at last had time for recreation. On 14 March 1932, suffering from a painful terminal cancer and after tidying up his affairs, he shot himself through the heart, leaving a note: "To my friends: My work is done. Why wait?" Although Eastman's technical innovations were made mostly at the beginning of his career, the organization which he founded and guided in its formative years was responsible for many of the major advances in photography over the years.[br]Further ReadingC.Ackerman, 1929, George Eastman, Cambridge, Mass.B.Coe, 1973, George Eastman and the Early Photographers, London.BC -
47 дело
ср.
1) affair, business, work;
occupation, pursuit;
line вмешиваться/лезть не в свое дело ≈ to interfere in other people's affairs, to stick one's nose into smb.'s business без дела не входить ≈ no admission except on business личное дело ≈ private affair это не ваше дело ≈ that's no business of yours что за дело? (кому-л.) ≈ what is it (to) ?, what does it matter (to) ? он занят делом ≈ he is busy общественные дела ≈ public affairs при деле ≈ to have smth. to keep one busy, to keep oneself busy/occupied не у дел ≈ (to be) out of work/job
2) только ед. (цель, интересы и т. п.) cause общее дело ≈ common cause правое дело ≈ just cause дело мира ≈ the cause of peace
3) deed, act(ion) (деяние) ;
work (создание) это - дело его жизни ≈ it is his life-work вступать в дело ≈ to go into the action, to come into play безнадежное дело ≈ fruitless task гиблое дело, пропащее дело, дохлое дело ≈ it's a lost cause, hopeless undertaking пустое дело ≈ a waste of time вести торговые дела ≈ to deal with доброе дело ≈ good deed черное дело ≈ dirty deed дело чьих-л. рук ≈ this is smb.'s handwork/doing
4) (событие, происшествие) affair, business загадочное дело ≈ strange business дело было в 1960 году ≈ it happened in 1960
5) обыкн. мн. (положение, обстоятельства) things, matters;
affair, occasion, work, doing дела поправляются ≈ things are improving как его дела? ≈ how is he getting on?, how are things going with him? положение дел ≈ state of affairs дело повернулось таким образом ≈ matters took such a turn ясное дело ≈ matter of course, sure enough такие-то дела! разг. ≈ so that's how things are!, that is the way it is! вот это дело! ≈ good!, now you are talking sense! за чем дело стало? ≈ what's holding matters/things up?, what's the hitch? дело идет к ≈ things are heading toward дело доходит до ≈ it comes down to дело нечисто ≈ it looks crooked дело нешуточное ≈ it is not a laughing matter дело плохо ≈ things look bad дело прошлое ≈ that's a thing of the past, that's all over now
6) (вопрос, предмет чего-л.) matter, point, concern другое дело, совсем другое дело ≈ it's quite another matter, that's a horse of a different colour идиом. в чем дело? ≈ what is the matter? дело вкуса ≈ matter of taste дело привычки ≈ matter of habit дело чести ≈ point of honour дело случая ≈ matter of luck дело не в этом ≈ that's not the point ближе к делу ≈ come to the point, get down to business говорить по делу ≈ to speak on business говорить дело ≈ to talk sense, to have a point дело хозяйское ≈ it's up to you, it's your choice/business упростить дело ≈ to expedite matters
7) обыкн. ед. (специальность) военно-инженерное дело ≈ military engineering гончарное дело ≈ pottery горнорудное дело ≈ ore mining стеклодувное дело ≈ glass-blowing рекламное дело ≈ advertising бухгалтерское дело ≈ accountancy, accounting артиллерийское дело ≈ gunnery автомобильное дело ≈ motoring, automobile business библиотечное дело ≈ library science, librarianship военное дело ≈ soldiering, military science горное дело ≈ mining печатное дело ≈ printing финансовое дело ≈ finance
8) юр. case гражданское дело ≈ civil case отстаивать дело ≈ (в суде) to fight a suit возбуждать дело ≈ (против кого-л.) to bring an action against smb., to take institute proceedings against smb. излагать свое дело ≈ to state one's case вести дело ≈ to plead a case пришить дело, намотать дело ≈ to cook up charges against smb.
9) канц. file, dossier подшить к делу, приложить к делу ≈ to file личное дело ≈ personal file;
personal record(s) мн.
10) уст.;
воен. action, battle ∙ не дело ≈ that's not a good idea сделать свое дело как дела? нет дела за дело на самом деле в самом деле делать дело испытывать на деле употреблять в дело иметь дело и на словах и на деле дело в шляпе то ли дело то и дело первым делом между делом дело в том что в том то и дело на деледел|о - с.
1. affair;
(занятие) work, business;
(чего-л.) matter (of) ;
~ спорится the work goes with a swing;
у меня много дел I have a lot to do;
сидеть без ~а
1) be doing nothing;
2. (быть без работы) have* nothing to do;
по ~у on business;
~ привычки, вкуса a matter of habit, taste;
как (ваши) ~а? how are you?, how`s everything?;
вмешиваться не в своё ~ interfere in other people`s affairs;
не суйся не в своё ~! mind your own business!;
3. (поступок, деяние) deed, act, action;
и на словах и на ~е in word and deed;
4. (специальность) business;
(круг знаний) science;
военное ~ military science;
military skills pl. ;
5. (цель, интересы) cause;
служить ~у мира serve the cause of peace;
6. (предприятие) business;
открыть своё ~ start one`s own business, start up on one`s own;
7. юр. case;
8. канц. file;
подшить что-л. к ~у file smth. ;
в чём ~? what`s the matter?;
это (совсем) другое ~! that`s quite another thing!;
that`s different!;
какое мне ~? what do I care?;
в самом ~е really, indeed;
между ~ом at odd moments;
он занимается этим между ~ом he does it as a sideline;
~ за вами it depends on you;
it is up to you;
~ за материалом и т. п. it`s now only а matter of material, etc. ;
за нами ~ не станет there will be no hindrance from our side, there will be no lack of co-operition on our part;
иметь ~ с кем-л. have* to deal with smb. ;
на ~е in practice;
на самом ~е as a matter of fact, in reality;
первым ~ом first of all;
то и ~ incessantly, perpetually;
он то и ~ смотрел в окно he kept looking out of the window;
то ли ~ but it is quite a different matter;
~ не в том, что it isn`t that;
~ в том, что the point is that;
не в этом ~ that`s not the point;
за чем ~ стало? what`s holding thing up?;
такие-то ~а so that`s how it is!;
~ в шляпе it`s in the bag;
~ сделано the pot is in the fire;
я ~ говорю I am talking sense. -
48 system
1) система || системный2) система; установка; устройство; комплекс3) программа•- adaptive control system
- address selection system
- addressing system
- advice-giving system
- AI planning system
- AI system
- analog computing system
- analog-digital computing system
- analysis information system
- application system
- arabic number system
- arithmetic system
- assembly system
- asymmetrical system
- atomic system
- attached processor system
- audio system
- authoring system
- automated office system
- automatic block system
- automatic checkout system
- automatic control system
- automatic search system
- automatic test system
- automatically programmed system
- automatically taught system
- autoprogrammable system
- axiomatic system
- backup system
- bad system
- bang-bang system
- base-2 system
- basic system
- batch-processing system
- binary system
- binary-coded decimal system
- binary-number system
- biquinary system
- bit-mapped system
- bit-slice system
- black-board expert system
- block parity system
- buddy system
- business system
- bus-oriented system
- bussed system
- CAD system
- call-reply system
- carrier system
- cause-controlled system
- character recognition system
- character-reading system
- chargeback system
- check sum error-detecting system
- chip-layout system
- clock system
- closed loop system
- closed system
- co-authoring system
- code recognition system
- code system
- coded-decimal system
- code-dependent system
- code-insensitive system
- code-sensitive system
- code-transparent system
- coding system
- coincident selection system
- cold system
- color-coded system
- command system
- common-bus system
- communication data system
- communications-oriented system
- complete articulated system
- computer system
- computer-aided design system
- computer-aided system
- computer-based system
- computer-based weapon system
- computerized system
- computing system
- concatenated coding system
- concealment system
- conservative system
- contention system
- continuous presence system
- control system
- controlled system
- controlling system
- coordinate system
- cordonnier system
- costrained vision system
- cross system
- crossbar switch system
- data acquisition system
- data collection system
- data exchange system
- data flow system
- data gethering system
- data handling system
- data management system
- data preparation system
- data processing system
- data reduction system
- data retrieval system
- data storage system
- data system
- data transmission system
- database management system
- database support system
- data-managed system
- decimal number system
- decimal system
- decimal numeration system
- decision support system
- decision-aided system
- decision-making system
- decision-support system
- decision-taking system
- decoding selection system
- decomposable system
- dedicated system
- degenerate system
- design library support system
- design-automation system
- design-verification system
- development support system
- development system
- digital communication system
- digital computing system
- direct-current system
- directly coupled system
- discrete system
- discrete-continuous system
- disk operating system
- display system
- distributed database management system
- distributed function system
- distributed intelligence system
- distributed parameter system
- distributed system
- distribution system
- double intermediate tape system
- down system
- drafting system
- dual system
- dual-computer system
- dual-processor system
- duodecimal number system
- duodecimal system
- duotricenary number system
- duotricenary system
- duplexed computer system
- duplex computer system
- dyadic number system
- dyadic system
- dynamic mapping system
- dynamic scene system
- dynamic support system
- electronic data processing system
- electronic sorting system
- encoding system
- equipment adapted data system
- erasing system
- error-controlled system
- error-correcting system
- error-detecting system
- executive file-control system
- executive system
- expert control system
- expert support system
- expert system
- expert-planning system
- externally pulsed system
- fail-safe system
- fail-soft system
- fan-out system
- fault-tolerant system
- feasible system
- federated system
- feed system
- feedback system
- feedforward control system
- fiche retrieval system
- file control system
- file system
- fixed-lenght record system
- fixed-point system
- fixed-radix numeration system
- floating-point system
- fluid transport system
- follow-up system
- forgiving system
- front-end system
- fuzzy expert system
- generic expert system
- geographically distributed system
- goal-seeking system
- good system
- graceful degradation system
- graphic data system
- graphics display system
- graphics system
- help system
- heterogeneous system
- hexadecimal number system
- hexadecimal system - host system
- hostless system
- host-satellite system
- human visual system
- hunting system
- hypermedia system
- imaging system
- incremental system
- independent system
- indirectly coupled system
- information storage and retrieval system
- information retrieval system
- information handling system
- information management system
- information processing system
- information system
- information-feedback system
- in-plant system
- input/output control system
- instruction system
- instrumentation management system
- integrated system
- intelligence system
- interactive control system
- interactive system
- intercommunicating system
- interlock system
- internal number system
- internal system
- Internet-enabled system
- interrupt system
- isolated system
- kernel system
- key-to-disk/tape system
- knowledge base management system
- knowledge system
- knowledge-based system
- large-scale computing system
- laser communication system
- layered control system - lexicon-driven system
- library reference system
- local-network system
- long-haul system
- lumped-parameter system
- machine tool control system
- machine-limited system
- machine-oriented programming system
- macroinstruction system
- macro system
- magnetic memory system
- magnetic recording system
- magnetic tape plotting system
- mail message system
- mail system
- mailbox system
- management information system
- man-machine system
- mapping system
- map-reading system
- mass memory system
- mass storage system
- master/slave system
- matrix memory system
- memory driver system
- memory system
- message handling system
- message system
- microcomputer system
- microfilm printing system
- midsplit system
- MIMO system
- mixed-base numbering system
- mixed-base number system
- mixed-radix numeration system
- model-based expert system
- modular system
- monitoring system
- monitor system
- mosaic system - multicomputer system
- multidimensional system
- multifrequency system
- multilevel storage system
- multiloop system
- multimaster communication system
- multimicroprocessor system
- multiple computation system
- multiple-bus system
- multiple-coincident magnetic storage system
- multiple-output control system
- multiplex system
- multiport system
- multiprocessing system
- multiprocessor system
- multiprogramming computer system
- multiprogramming system
- multisite system
- multispeaker system
- multistable system
- multitasking operating system
- multiterminal system
- multiuser computer system
- multiuser system
- multiuser operating system
- multivariable system
- multivariate system
- negative-base number representation system
- negative-base number system
- network operating system
- node-replicated system
- noncomputerized system
- nonconsistently based number system
- nondegenerate system
- number representation system
- numbering system
- number system
- numeral system
- numeration system
- numerical system
- octal number system
- octal system
- office automation system
- off-line system
- on-demand system
- one-level storage system
- one-loop system
- one-over-one address system
- on-line system
- open-ended system
- open system
- open-loop system
- operating system
- operational system
- optical memory system
- overdetermined system
- overload-hold system
- page-on-demand system
- panelboard system
- paper-tape system
- parameter-driven expert system
- pattern recognition system
- peek-a-boo system
- peripheral system
- pipeline system
- polled system
- polymorphic system
- polyphase system
- portable system
- positional representation system
- Post-production system
- priority scheduling system
- priority system
- procedural expert system
- process control system
- processor-sharing system
- production control system
- production system
- program system
- programming system
- protection system
- pulse system
- pulse-or-no-pulse system
- pulse-signal system
- punch card computer system
- pure-binary numeration system
- purposeful system
- quadruplex system
- question-answering system
- queueing system
- queue system
- radix numbering system
- radix number system
- reactive system
- reading system
- real-time expert system
- real-time operating system
- real-time system
- reasoning system
- recognition system
- recording system
- recovery system
- reduntant number system
- reduntant system
- reflected binary number system
- reflected binary system
- refreshment system
- remote-access system
- replicating system
- representation system
- request-repeat system
- rerecording system
- residue number system
- residue system
- resource-sharing system
- restorable system
- retrieval system
- retrieval-only system - robotic system
- robot system
- rule-based expert system
- rule-based system
- scalable system
- selection system
- self-adapting system
- self-adjusting system
- self-aligning system
- self-balancing system
- self-check system
- self-contained system
- self-correcting system
- self-descriptive system
- self-learning system
- self-organizing system
- self-sustained oscillation system
- self-test system
- sensor-based system
- sequential scheduling system
- sexadecimal number system
- sexadecimal system
- shared-files system
- shell expert system
- silicon-development system
- simplex system
- single-drive system
- single-inheritance system
- single-phase clock system
- single-site system
- single-user computer system
- SISO system
- skeletal expert system
- slave system
- soft-sectored disk system
- software system
- sound system
- source code control system
- source-destination system
- space-division system
- stabilizing system
- stable system
- stand-alone system
- start-stop system
- state-determined system
- stepped start-stop system
- stereo system
- stochastically disturbed system
- storage system
- stripped-down expert system
- subsplit system
- supervisor control system
- switching system
- symbolic assembly system
- syntactical system
- system explanation system
- system of logic
- system of notation
- system with delay
- system with time lag
- tabulating system
- tape data processing system
- tape drive system
- tape handling system
- tape operating system
- tape plotting system
- tape resident system
- tape-oriented system
- target system
- taught system
- telecommunictions system
- telecontrol system
- terminal system
- ternary number system
- ternary system
- test system
- testbed system
- text-to-speech system
- time-division system
- time-pattern control system
- time-shared system
- time-shared-bus system
- time-sharing system
- timing system
- total system
- translating system
- translation system
- translator writing system
- transmitting system
- tree-structured system
- trusted computer system
- two-failure mode system
- two-level return system
- two-level system
- two-phase clock system
- ultrastable system
- Unified system
- uninterruptible power system
- uniprocessor system
- unrestorable system
- unstable system
- up system
- variable-lenght record system
- virtual system
- virtual-memory operating system
- vision system
- visual system
- voice/audio processing system
- voice-response system
- volunteer system
- weighted number system
- weighted system
- writing system
- xerox copy system
- zero-one systemEnglish-Russian dictionary of computer science and programming > system
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49 machine
1) машина; станок; двигатель; механизм3) машинный4) механически обрабатывать; обрабатывать на станке•machine for laying track ballast, panels and sleepers — машина для прокладки щебня для балластировки пути, путевых звеньев и шпал
- asphalt-placing machine - asphalt-spreading machine - auger brick machine - automatic arc welding machine - automatic setting machine - band-sawing machine - bending machine - bind machine - binding machine - bitumen melting, conveying and application machines for roofs - blade machine - blending machine - block machine - block-cutting machine - block-making machine - blue-printing machine - bolting machine - bolt-threading machine - borehole drilling machine - boring machine - boring and mortising machine - bottom-facing machine - box-hole boring machine - brick-moulding machine - Brinell's machine - brush machine - bucket-trenching machine - butt-welding machine - cable-dragging machine - cable-laying machine - calculating machine - cambering machine - capacity of a machine - caterpillar excavating machine - cement injection machine - cement testing machine - centrifugal machine - chain-and-tooth machine - clay-cutting machine - clay-working machine - cleaving machine - cold saw-cutting-off machine - component assembly machine - compression testing machine - concrete finishing machine - concrete smoothing machine - concrete spraying machine - concrete trowel machine - concrete vibratory machine - concreting machine - cooling machine - corrosion-fatigue testing machine - crane boom machine - crane-boring machine - crushing machine - cutting machine - dado-head machine - deairing machine - dependability of a machine operations - design of a machine - digging machine - direct stress machine - ditching machine - drawing machine - dredging machine - drill-ripping machine - dynamic machine - edge-grinding and polishing machine - excavating machine - excelsior cutting machine - extruding machine - fatigue testing machine - felling and milling machine - finishing machine - frozen-earth-excavating machine - gang-sawing machine - gas-welding machine - glass-washing machine - grooving machine - grouting machine - Guillery impact machine - gutters machine - hack-sawing machine - hand bending machine - handle attaching, screen printing, decal application machine - hardness testing machine - hoisting machine - hydraulic machine - hydraulic casing machine - idle time of a machine - impact machine - insulating tape winding machine - jarring machine - joint-cutting machine - jolt-moulding machine - jolt-ramming machine - knapping machine - kneading machine - knock-boring machine - lacerating machine - lazer-guided machine - lime hydrating machine - lining machine - loaded machine - magnetic pulsed arc welding machine - manner-type slaking machine - match-boarding machine - mixing machine - mortar-mixing machine - mortising slot machine - nail-driving machine - nailing machine - one head automatic arc welding machine - operational machine - packing machine - pavement-marking machine - paving machine - pavingstone-laying machine - percussion riveting machine - pile-drawing machine - pipe-bending machine - pipe-cleaning machine - pipe-cutting machine - pipe-laying machine - pipe-threading machine - pipe-welding machine - planing machine - plaster-floating and trowelling machine - plastering machine - plate-punching machine - polishing machine - power polymer concrete spraying machine for the road - pressure casting machine - profiling machine - ram impact machine - refrigerating machine - reinforcement welding machine - reinforcement winding machine - reversed torsion machine - road marking machine - rock-boring machine - roof bolting machine - rotating beam-type machine - rotating cantilever beam-type machine - scooping machine - scraper machine - screening machine - separating machine - service life of machine - sieving machine - skid proofing machine - slotting machine - soil-compacting machine - sorting machine - sounding machine - spinning machine - splitting machine - spot welding machine - spraying machine for road binders - standard machine capacity - stationary processing machine for sleepers and rails - stone-laying machine - strikeoff machine - stripper machine - synchronous machine - tensile-testing machine - testing machine - track lifting and slewing machine - trench-cutting machine - trenching machine - tunnelling machine - universal machine for track-laying - universal testing machine - unpiling machine - vibration machine - vibratory impact machine - welding machine - wire-winding machineto operate a machine — управлять машиной, работать на станке
* * *машина; станок; механизм; устройство; установка- absorption refrigerating machine
- absorption machine
- adsorption refrigerating machine
- adsorption machine
- air placing machine
- air refrigerating machine
- all-purpose machine
- ammonia refrigerating machine
- anchor machine
- automatic tamping and leveling machine
- axial piston machine
- backhoe tunneling machine
- bag filling machine
- bag packing machine
- ballast cleaning machine
- ballast dressing machine
- ballast screening machine
- ballast tamping machine
- bar bending machine
- bar-cropping machine
- basic machine
- bead-forming machine
- beam-molding machine
- bending machine
- bending testing machine
- bitumen spraying machine
- blasting machine
- block-making machine
- building material machines
- bulk-handling machines
- carrying and lifting machines
- casting machine
- centrifugal refrigerating machine
- Charpy impact machine
- cleaning priming and taping machine
- cold air machine
- combination floating-troweling machine
- compaction machine
- compression refrigerating machine
- compression testing machine
- concrete core drilling machine
- concrete finishing machine
- concrete molding machine
- concrete placing machine
- concrete vibrating machine
- construction machines
- creasing machine
- cribbing machine
- cutting-off machine
- ditching machine
- drafting machine
- drag scraper machine
- drilling machine
- drum digger tunneling machine
- duct forming machine
- excavating machines
- finishing machine
- flanging machine
- folding machine
- forming machine
- frost gritting machine
- gauging machine
- grinding machine
- grouting machine
- guniting machine
- hoisting machine
- Izod impact machine
- Izod machine
- joint grouting machine
- joint sealing machine
- laser-guided machine
- laydown machine
- laying and finishing machine
- lithium bromide refrigerating machine
- lockforming machine
- material handling machine
- materials testing machine
- material testing machine
- molding machine
- mortise machine
- padding machine
- pavement diamond core drilling machine
- pavement core drilling machine
- pendulum impact testing machine
- pendulum impact machine
- percussion riveting machine
- piling machine
- pipe-bending machine
- pipe-cutting machine
- pipelining machine
- pipemaking machine
- pipe threading machine
- plasma cutting machine
- pneumatic riveting machine
- pneumatic wood-boring machine
- polishing machine
- portable planing machine
- precast concrete machine
- rail-welding machine
- refrigerating machine
- road grooving machine
- rollforming machine
- rounding machine
- screeding machine
- seam closing machine
- self-propelled machine
- single rail-mounted machine
- slab-making machine
- slipforming machine
- soft ground tunneling machine
- spiking machine
- steam jet refrigerating machine
- stirrup bending machine
- strikeoff machine
- stump pulling machine
- swaging machine
- tamping machine
- tensile machine
- tensile-and-compression machine
- testing machine
- thread-cutting machine
- tile ditching machine
- towed machine
- tracked machine
- trenching machine
- triaxial compression machine
- troweling machine
- tunnel boring machine
- vacuum refrigeration machine
- vibrating machine
- vibrating and finishing machine
- vibroflot machine
- walk-behind machine
- wire winding machine
- wrapping machine -
50 Scott de Martinville, Edouard-Léon
SUBJECT AREA: Recording[br]b. 25 April 1817 Paris, Franced. 29 April 1879 Paris, France[br]French amateur phonetician, who developed a recorder for sound waves.[br]He was the descendant of a Scottish family who emigrated to France in 1688. He trained as a printer and later became a proof corrector in printing houses catering predominantly for scientific publishers. He became interested in shorthand systems and eventually turned his interest to making a permanent record of sounds in air. At the time it was already known (Young, Duhamel, Wertheim) to record vibrations of bodies. He made a theoretical study and deposited under sealed wrapper a note in the Académie des Sciences on 26 January 1857. He approached the scientific instrument maker Froment and was able to pay for the manufacture of one instrument due to support from the Société d'Encouragement à l'Industrie Nationale. This funding body obtained a positive report from the physicist Lissajous on 6 January 1858. A new model phonautograph was constructed in collaboration with the leading scientific instrument maker in Paris at the time, Rudolph Koenig, and a contract was signed in 1859. The instrument was a success, and Koenig published a collection of traces in 1864.Although the membrane was parallel to the rotating surface, a primitive lever system generated lateral movements of a bristle which scratched curves in a thin layer of lampblack on the rotating surface. The curves were not necessarily representative of the vibrations in the air. Scott did not imagine the need for reproducing a recorded sound; rather, his intention was to obtain a trace that would lend itself to mathematical analysis and visual recognition of sounds. Obviously the latter did not require the same degree of linearity as the former. When Scott learned that similar apparatus had been built independently in the USA, he requested that his sealed wrapper be opened on 15 July 1861 in order to prove his scientific priority. The contract with Koenig left Scott without influence over his instrument, and eventually he became convinced that everyone else, including Edison in the end, had stolen his invention. Towards the end of his life he became interested mainly in the history of printing, and he was involved in the publishing of a series of books about books.[br]Bibliography25 March 1857, amended 29 July 1859, French patent no. 31,470.Further ReadingP.Charbon, 1878, Scott de Martinville, Paris: Hifi Stereo, pp. 199–205 (a good biography produced at the time of the centenary of the Edison phonograph).V.J.Philips, 1987, Waveforms, Bristol: Adam Hilger, pp. 45–8 (provides a good account of the importance of his contributions to accurate measurements of temporal phenomena).GB-NBiographical history of technology > Scott de Martinville, Edouard-Léon
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51 format
1) формат3) форма4) задавать формат; размечать, форматировать•- addressing format
- addressless instruction format
- alphamosaic format
- bad call format
- binary format
- bit-oriented format
- columnar format
- compression format
- data format
- file format
- fixed format
- fixed length format
- free format
- high-level format
- home entertainment format
- horizontal format
- input format
- instruction format
- keyboard format
- listing-file format
- loadable format
- long format
- low-lewel format
- matrix format
- menu format
- nonpacked format
- one-over-one address format
- one-plus-one address format
- output format
- packed decimal format
- packed format
- printing format
- print format
- proceed with format
- proprietary format
- ready-to-display format
- record format
- reference format
- report format
- scatter format
- short format
- split-screen format
- succinct format
- symbolic-coding format
- tag format
- tiled format
- track format
- two-column format
- unpacked format
- unsigned-integer format
- untiled format
- variable format
- variable length format
- vector format
- vendor format
- vertical format
- word format
- zero address instruction format
- zoned formatEnglish-Russian dictionary of computer science and programming > format
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52 priority
[praıʹɒrıtı] n1. 1) приоритет; старшинство, первенствоpriority share - фин. привилегированная акция
creditor by priority - юр. привилегированный кредитор
2) преимущественное право (тж. priority right(s), right of priority)to rank in priority with /to/ smb., smth., to have /to take/ priority over /of/ smb., smth. - пользоваться преимуществом перед кем-л., чем-л. [см. тж. 2, 1)]
2. 1) предшествованиеto have /to take/ priority over /of/ smb., smth. - предшествовать кому-л., чему-л. [см. тж. 1, 2)]
2) порядок очерёдности, очерёдность; срочностьfirst /top/ priority - первоочерёдность
of high /top/ priority - первоочередной, неотложный, срочный (о задаче и т. п.)
high priority measures - первоочередные задачи; неотложные мероприятия
priority message [printing, mail] - срочное /внеочередное/ донесение [выполнение заказов на типографские работы, почтовое отправление]
priority target - воен. цель первой очереди
to establish an order of priority - установить порядок /очерёдность/ вопросов ( повестки дня)
to give priority to smth. - а) придавать, уделять первостепенное значение чему-л.; we must give top priority to housing - мы должны в первую очередь /в первую голову/ заняться решением жилищной проблемы; б) устанавливать очерёдность (работ и т. п.)
3. право преимущественного движения ( автомобилей), очерёдность проезда -
53 be
['bi: ɡi:]( abbreviation) (Bachelor of Engineering; first degree in Engineering.)* * *[bi:] v aux (ps was, pl were, pp been). 1 ser, existir, viver, ser realidade. it is mine, his / é meu, seu. it is my father’s / pertence a meu pai. she is everything to me / ela é tudo para mim. 2 ter lugar, acontecer, realizar-se. when is it to be? / quando será? 3 permanecer, ficar, continuar. 4 igualar, representar, significar. 5 estar, encontrar-se. to be at work / estar no trabalho. to be busy / estar ocupado. to be careful / ser cuidadoso. to be in a hurry / estar com pressa. he is at the advanced group / ele é do grupo dos adiantados. 6 visitar. • interj be! seja! am I to understand that...? significa isto que...? as it is de qualquer maneira. as it were por assim dizer. be that as it may seja como for. five years were to pass cinco anos teriam de passar. here you are coll aqui está. he was a long time about it ele levou muito tempo para isto. he was to have written ele devia ter escrito. how are we to go on? como vamos continuar?, que será de nós? how are you? como vai? how is this? o que significa isto? how long have you been in England? quanto tempo faz que está na Inglaterra? how much is this dress? quanto custa este vestido? how was it that he did not come? por que ele não veio? I am for leaving sou de opinião que devemos partir. if I were to do it se eu o fizesse. I must be off tenho de ir. in a moment the dog was upon him em um instante o cachorro estava em cima dele. it is above me isto foge à minha alçada. it is for him to excuse himself ele é quem deve pedir desculpas. it is for you to decide a decisão cabe a você. it’s up to you isso é com você. it will be for him to say ele terá de decidir. I was rewarded fui recompensado. let me be! deixe-me em paz! Mrs. Jones that is to be a futura senhora Jones. she lived to be 90 ela viveu 90 anos. that is to say quer dizer. that’s him all over isto é típico dele. the book is being printed/ is printing o livro está sendo impresso. the house is to let a casa está para alugar. the might-have-beens as oportunidades perdidas. there you are! aí está! to be able ser capaz, poder. to be in a) estar em casa. b) estar no poder. to be like parecer-se com. to be long demorar-se. to be of no use ser imprestável. to be out a) não estar em casa. b) estar errado. to be out of one’s mind estar fora de si. to be over acabar. to be short (of something) não ter o suficiente, estar faltando. to be up estar no fim. to be worthwhile valer a pena. we must take things as they are temos de aceitar as coisas como são. we shall be examined tomorrow teremos exame amanhã. what are you about? o que você quer fazer? what is he to be? o que ele será? what is, is good o que é, é bom. what is it? o que houve?, o que há com você? what was he to do? o que ele havia de fazer? when it was time quando a hora havia chegado. you are not to do that você não deve fazer isto. you have been (and gone) and done it coll você o fez realmente. you were not late, were you? você não chegou atrasado, não é? you were not to open the door não era para você abrir a porta. -
54 paper
['peipə] 1. noun1) (the material on which these words are written, made from wood, rags etc and used for writing, printing, wrapping parcels etc: I need paper and a pen to write a letter; ( also adjective) a paper bag.) papel2) (a single (often printed or typed) piece of this: There were papers all over his desk.) papel3) (a newspaper: Have you read the paper?) jornal4) (a group of questions for a written examination: The Latin paper was very difficult.) exame5) ((in plural) documents proving one's identity, nationality etc: The policeman demanded my papers.) documentos•- papery- paperback 2. adjectivepaperback novels.) de bolso- paper-knife
- paper sculpture
- paperweight
- paperwork* * *pa.per[p'eipə] n 1 papel. 2 papiro. 3 folha ou pedaço de papel. 4 carteira. 5 documentos, autos. 6 jornal. 7 papel-moeda. 8 título, bônus, letra de câmbio, nota promissória, ação. 9 teste, ensaio. 10 documentos de identidade. 11 Naut papéis de bordo. 12 questionário de exame. 13 papel fantasia para decoração. 14 sl entrada gratuita. 15 sl portador de permanente. 16 papelotes. 17 sl baralho marcado. 18 sl papelote de drogas. • vt 1 assentar em papel. 2 embrulhar. 3 empapelar. 4 lixar. 5 sl dar permanentes a. 6 suprir de papel. 7 sl preencher multa de trânsito. 8 sl passar cheque sem fundos. • adj 1 de papel. 2 fictício, teórico. 3 frágil, fino. a quire of paper uma mão de papel. a ream of paper uma resma de papel. blotting paper mata-borrão. carbon paper papel-carbono. drawing paper papel para desenho. emery paper lixa. filter paper filtro de papel. fly paper papel pega-moscas. foolscap paper papel almaço. glass paper folha de lixa. he sent in his papers ele pediu demissão. letter paper papel para correspondência. marbled paper papel marmoreado. newspaper jornal. on paper a) por escrito. b) no papel, teoricamente. paper does not blush o papel aceita tudo. starched paper papel gomado. tissue paper papel de seda. toilet paper papel higiênico. to move for papers requerer os autos. to paper over ( a problem) ocultar, esconder (uma dificuldade). to put to paper anotar, registrar, tomar nota de. to read a paper fazer uma conferência. wallpaper papel de parede. waste paper papel usado. waterproof paper papel impermeável. white Paper Brit, Austr, Canada documento oficial que apresenta a política do governo em determinado assunto. wrapping paper papel de embrulho. -
55 company
noun1) (persons assembled, companionship) Gesellschaft, dieexpect/receive company — Besuch od. Gäste Pl. erwarten/empfangen
two is company, three is a crowd — zu zweit ist es gemütlich, ein Dritter stört
part company with somebody/something — sich von jemandem/etwas trennen
company car — Firmenwagen, der
company policy — Unternehmenspolitik, die; Firmenpolitik, die
4) (Mil.) Kompanie, die5) (Navy)ship's company — Besatzung, die
* * *plural - companies; noun1) (a number of people joined together for a (commercial) purpose: a glass-manufacturing company.) die Gesellschaft2) (guests: I'm expecting company tonight.) der Besuch4) (a group of companions: He got into bad company.) die Gesellschaft5) (a large group of soldiers, especially part of an infantry battalion.) die Kompanie•- keep someone company- keep company
- part company with
- part company* * *com·pa·ny[ˈkʌmpəni]I. nAdams and C\company Adams & Co.car \company Autofirma fclose \company Personengesellschaft fshipping \company Reederei fto set up a \company eine Firma gründenshe bought two dogs for \company sie kaufte sich zwei Hunde, um Gesellschaft zu habendull/poor \company langweilige/wenig unterhaltsame Gesellschaftgood/interesting \company angenehme/interessante Gesellschaftpresent \company excepted die Anwesenden ausgenommento be in \company in Gesellschaft seinto be in good \company sich akk in guter Gesellschaft befindento keep sb \company jdm Gesellschaft leistento keep \company [with sb] mit jdm Umgang haben [o verkehren]he's been keeping bad \company er befindet sich in schlechter Gesellschaftin the \company of in Gesellschaft von, begleitet vonI travelled in the \company of two friends ich reiste in Gesellschaft von zwei Freundento expect/have \company Gäste erwarten/haben6. BRIT, CAN[Girl] Guide \company Pfadfinderinnentruppe f\company headquarters Firmensitz m\company policy Firmenpolitik f\company profits Gesellschaftsgewinne pl* * *['kʌmpənI]1. n1) Gesellschaft fI enjoy company — ich bin gern in Gesellschaft, ich habe gern Gesellschaft
he's good company — seine Gesellschaft ist angenehm
he came along just for (the) company —
I/he in company with... — ich/er, genauso wie...
a man is known by the company he keeps (prov) — sage mir, mit wem du umgehst, so sage ich dir, wer du bist (prov)
she has a cat, it's company for her — sie hält sich eine Katze, da hat sie (wenigstens) Gesellschaft
you'll be in good company if... — wenn du..., bist du in guter Gesellschaft
2) (= guests) Besuch mSmith __ Company, Smith __ Co. — Smith __ Co.
shipping company — Schifffahrtsgesellschaft f, Reederei f
publishing company — Verlagshaus nt, Verlag m
a printing/clothes company — ein Druckerei-/Textilbetrieb m
5) (NAUT)2. attrFirmen-he has a company BMW — er hat einen BMW als Firmenwagen
* * *company [ˈkʌmpənı; -pnı]A s1. Gesellschaft f:be in good company sich in guter Gesellschaft befinden;I sin in good company ich befinde mich in guter Gesellschaft (wenn ich das tue);cry for company mitweinen;a) sich von jemandem trennen,b) fig sich von jemandem lossagen,c) fig anderer Meinung sein als jemand (over, on in dat);he is good company es ist nett, mit ihm zusammen zu sein; er ist ein guter Gesellschafter;two is company, three is none ( oder three is a crowd) zu zweit ist es gemütlich, ein Dritter stört; → academic.ru/8795/break">break1 B 42. Gesellschaft f:a) viel in Gesellschaft gehen,b) oft Gäste haben;be fond of company die Geselligkeit lieben;be on one’s company manners seine besten Manieren zur Schau tragen3. Gesellschaft f, Umgang m, Verkehr m:keep good company guten Umgang pflegen;keep company with verkehren oder Umgang haben mit4. Besuch m, Gast m oder Gäste pl:have company for tea Gäste zum Tee haben;present company excepted! Anwesende ausgenommen!5. WIRTSCH (Handels)Gesellschaft f, Firma f:company car Firmenwagen m;company law Gesellschaftsrecht n;company name Firmenname m;company-owned firmeneigen;company pension Betriebsrente f;company pension plan betriebliche Altersversorgung;company store US firmeneigenes (Laden)Geschäft, Firmenladen;7. umg meist pej Genossen pl, Kumpane pl, Konsorten pl9. MIL Kompanie f:company sergeant major Hauptfeldwebel m10. SCHIFF Mannschaft f, Besatzung f11. Anzahl f, Menge f12. HIST Zunft f, Innung fC v/t obs begleitenco. abk2. county* * *noun1) (persons assembled, companionship) Gesellschaft, dieexpect/receive company — Besuch od. Gäste Pl. erwarten/empfangen
two is company, three is a crowd — zu zweit ist es gemütlich, ein Dritter stört
part company with somebody/something — sich von jemandem/etwas trennen
company car — Firmenwagen, der
company policy — Unternehmenspolitik, die; Firmenpolitik, die
4) (Mil.) Kompanie, die5) (Navy)ship's company — Besatzung, die
* * *n.Begleitung f.Betrieb -e m.Firma Firmen f.Gesellschaft f.Kompanie -n f.Unternehmen n. -
56 hit
[hit] 1. present participle - hitting; verb1) (to (cause or allow to) come into hard contact with: The ball hit him on the head; He hit his head on/against a low branch; The car hit a lamp-post; He hit me on the head with a bottle; He was hit by a bullet; That boxer can certainly hit hard!) udariti, zadeti2) (to make hard contact with (something), and force or cause it to move in some direction: The batsman hit the ball (over the wall).) odbiti3) (to cause to suffer: The farmers were badly hit by the lack of rain; Her husband's death hit her hard.) prizadeti4) (to find; to succeed in reaching: His second arrow hit the bull's-eye; Take the path across the fields and you'll hit the road; She used to be a famous soprano but she cannot hit the high notes now.) zadeti, naleteti na2. noun1) (the act of hitting: That was a good hit.) udarec2) (a point scored by hitting a target etc: He scored five hits.) zadetek3) (something which is popular or successful: The play/record is a hit; ( also adjective) a hit song.) uspešnica•- hit-or-miss
- hit back
- hit below the belt
- hit it off
- hit on
- hit out
- make a hit with* * *I [hit]nounudarec (at komu); zadetek, sreča; posrečena misel, posrečena pripomba, uspel poskus; uspela knjiga, popevka, drama itd.; American printing odtisII [hit]1.transitive verbudariti, poriniti, zadeti; figuratively prizadeti; zaleteti se v; figuratively naleteti na, najti; zadeti, uganiti; figuratively ostro kritizirati, bičati (napake); doseči, uspeti;2.intransitive verbtolči (at po); slučajno naleteti (on, upon na); zadeti ( against na); American colloquially vžgati, teči (motor)to be hard ( —ali badly) hit by — biti močno prizadet od, izgubiti veliko denarjaAmerican to hit the books — guliti secolloquially to hit the bottle — pijančevatito hit s.o. a blow — koga močno udaritito hit s.o. below the belt — udariti pod pasom (boks), nepošteno se boriti, nečastno ravnatiAmerican colloquially to hit on all four cylinders — dobro teči, figuratively dobro potekatito hit s.o.'s fancy ( —ali taste) — zadeti, uganiti okus nekogato hit home — zadeti v živec, priti do živcato hit s.o. home — zavrniti koga, zasoliti jo komuhit hard! — močno udari!to hit the jackpot — terno zadeti, priti nenadoma do denarjafiguratively to hit a man when he is down — zadati udarce človeku v nesrečinautical to hit a mine — zadeti na minoAmerican to hit the numbers pool — zadeti pti lotuto hit the spot — pravo zadeti, zadovoljitiAmerican colloquially to hit the town — prispeti v mestocolloquially to hit it up — pošteno se česa lotiti -
57 paper
['peipə] 1. noun1) (the material on which these words are written, made from wood, rags etc and used for writing, printing, wrapping parcels etc: I need paper and a pen to write a letter; ( also adjective) a paper bag.) papir; papirnat2) (a single (often printed or typed) piece of this: There were papers all over his desk.) papir3) (a newspaper: Have you read the paper?) časopis4) (a group of questions for a written examination: The Latin paper was very difficult.) naloga5) ((in plural) documents proving one's identity, nationality etc: The policeman demanded my papers.) dokumenti•- papery- paperback 2. adjectivepaperback novels.) broširan- paper-knife
- paper sculpture
- paperweight
- paperwork* * *I [péipə]nounpapir; listina, spis; pismena naloga, referat, dizertacija, znanstvena razprava (on); plural (osebni) dokumenti, akti; economy bankovec, menica, plural vrednostni papirji; slang prosta vstopnica; časopisfiguratively on paper — na papirju, teoretičnoto read a paper on — predavati o čem, referiratiII [péipə]transitive verbzaviti v papir; napisati, pismeno opisati; tapecirati s tapetnim papirjem; vlepiti vezni list (in; knjigovezništvo); slang napolniti dvorano z zastonjkarji -
58 face
face [feɪs]━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━1. noun4. compounds━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━1. nouna. [of person] visage m• you're lying, it's written all over your face! (inf) tu mens, ça se lit sur ton visage !• to come face to face with [+ person] se trouver nez à nez avec• get out of my face! (inf!) fous-moi la paix ! (inf !)b. ( = front) he was lying face down il était à plat ventrec. ( = expression) mine fd. ( = appearance) visage mf. [of mountain] face f• it fell face up/down [playing card, photo] elle est tombée face en dessus/en dessousa. ( = look towards) faire face àb. ( = look out onto) [building] donner surc. ( = confront) two problems faced them ils se trouvaient devant deux problèmes• the government, faced with renewed wage demands... le gouvernement, confronté à de nouvelles revendications salariales...• he was faced with a bill for £100 il se voyait obligé de payer une note de 100 livresd. ( = face up to) [+ problem] affronter ; [+ truth] regarder en face• she won't face the fact that he's not going to come back elle ne veut pas se rendre à l'évidence et admettre qu'il ne reviendra pase. ( = risk incurring) risquerf. ( = appear before) affronterb. [house] être orienté4. compounds► face cloth noun ≈ gant m de toilette• to give a face-lift to [+ house] (exterior) ravaler la façade de ; (interior) retaper ; [+ political party, company] rajeunir l'image de• the town has been given a face-lift la ville a fait peau neuve ► face mask noun masque m ; (Cosmetics) masque m (de beauté)• it was a face-saving exercise on their part ils l'ont fait pour sauver la face ► face-to-face adjective face à face• to face up to the fact that... admettre que...* * *[feɪs] 1.to slam the door/laugh in somebody's face — claquer la porte/rire au nez de quelqu'un
to be face up/down — [person] être sur le dos/ventre
2) ( expression) air mto pull ou make a face — faire la grimace
3) fig ( outward appearance)to change the face of — changer le visage de [industry]
4) ( dignity)5) ( surface) (of clock, watch) cadran m; (of gem, dice) face f; ( of coin) côté m; ( of planet) surface f; (of cliff, mountain) face f; ( of rock) paroi f; ( of playing card) face f; ( of document) recto mto disappear ou vanish off the face of the earth — (colloq) disparaître de la circulation
2.face up/down — à l'endroit/l'envers
transitive verb1) ( look towards) [person] faire face à; [building, room] donner surto face north/south — [person] regarder au nord/sud; [building] être orienté au nord/sud
facing our house, there is... — en face de notre maison, il y a...
2) ( confront) se trouver face à [challenge, crisis]; se voir contraint de payer [fine]; se trouver menacé de [defeat, redundancy]; être contraint de faire [choice]; affronter [attacker, rival, team]to be faced with — se trouver confronté à [problem, decision]
to face somebody with — confronter quelqu'un à [truth, evidence]
3) ( acknowledge)face the facts, you're finished! — regarde la réalité en face, tu es fini!
let's face it, nobody's perfect — admettons-le, personne n'est parfait
4) ( tolerate prospect)he couldn't face the thought of walking/eating — l'idée de marcher/manger lui était insupportable
5) ( run the risk of) risquer [fine, suspension]6) Construction revêtir [façade, wall] ( with de)7) ( in printing) [photo etc] être face à [page]3.1)to face towards — [person, chair] être tourné vers; [building, house] être en face de
to face backwards — [person] tourner le dos
to be facing forward — [person] être de face
2) Military4.in the face of prepositional phrase1) ( despite) en dépit de [difficulties]2) ( in confrontation with) face à, devant [opposition, enemy, danger]•Phrasal Verbs:•• -
59 dyeing
1. крашение, окрашивание; 2. окраска; выкраска @dyeing at boil крашение на кипу @dyeing for subsequent printing крашение под печать или под набивку @dyeing in open beck крашение в открытой красильной барке @dyeing in open-width крашение врасправку @dyeing in ribbons крашение в топсе или ленте @dyeing of cheeses крашение пряжи в куличах @dyeing of ground крашение грунта или фона @dyeing of piece goods крашение кускового товара @dyeing of raw stock крашение в волокне @dyeing of threads крашение ниток @dyeing of warps крашение основ @dyeing of warps in chains крашение основ жгутом @dyeing of whites подцвечивание отбелённых изделий @dyeing to shade крашение под тон @absorption dyeing абсорбционное крашение @acid dyeing кислотное крашение @acid leuco dyeing лейкокислотное крашение @anionic-agent-assisted dyeing крашение с применением анионного поверхностноактивного вещества @bale dyeing крашение суровья @basic dyeing основное крашение @batch dyeing партионное крашение @beam dyeing крашение основы на навоях или сновальных валиках @box dyeing крашение в барке @burl dyeing дополнительное крашение ткани, засорённой узелками, растительными примесями или мушками @cake dyeing крашение пряжи в куличах @calcomet dyeing крашение по способу "калькомет" @carrier dyeing крашение с ускорителями @cationic-agent-assisted dyeing крашение с применением катионного поверхностноактивного вещества @chain dyeing 1. непрерывное или проходное крашение; 2. крашение основы @chromate dyeing хромовое крашение @chrome dyeing хромировочное крашение @chrome mordant dyeing хромировочное протравное крашение @color-band dyeing пигментное крашение с применением связующих веществ @commercial boil dyeing крашение на кипу в производственных условиях @condensation dyeing конденсационное крашение @continuous dyeing непрерывное или проходное крашение @continuous горе dyeing непрерывное или проходное крашение жгутом @cross dyeing однованное крашение изделий из смешанных волокон @developed dyeing крашение с проявлением на волокне @differential dyeing избирательное окрашивание @direct dyeing прямое или субстантивное крашение @discharge dyeing резервное крашение @disperse dyeing дисперсное крашение @dispersing dyeing дисперсное крашение @double dyeing двухванное крашение @double-bath dyeing двухванное крашение @exhaust dyeing крашение до истощения ванны @fabric dyeing 1. крашение ткани; 2. крашение кускового товара @fluidized bed dyeing крашение в нагретом слое сыпучих веществ (песка, стеклянных бус) @fluorescent dyeing крашение флуоресцирующими красителями @foam dyeing крашение в мыльной пене @foulard dyeing крашение на плюсовке @garment dyeing крашение штучных изделий @grease dyeing крашение замасленного суровья @gum dyeing крашение шёлка-сырца @high-temperature dyeing крашение при высокой температуре @ice dyeing ледяное крашение @internal dyeing крашение в прядильном растворе @jig dyeing крашение на роликовой красильной машине @jigger dyeing крашение на роликовой красильной машине @lар dyeing крашение холста @level dyeing эгализированное крашение @loose cotton dyeing крашение хлопкового волокна в массе @loose wool dyeing крашение шерсти в волокне @machine dyeing 1. механическое крашение; 2. аппаратное крашение @metachrome dyeing метахромовое крашение @mordant dyeing протравное крашение @ombre dyeing разнооттеночное крашение, крашение по способу "омбре" @one-bath dyeing однованное крашение @one-bath dyeing of unions однованное крашение изделии из смешанных волокон @over dyeing последующее покрывное или групповое крашение @pack dyeing крашение пряжи на паковках @pad dyeing крашение на плюсовке @piece dyeing крашение кускового товара @pigment dyeing пигментное крашение @pressure dyeing крашение под давлением @random dyeing многооттеночное крашение, крашение по способу "шенье" @raw stock dyeing крашение волокна в массе @reactive dyeing реактивное крашение @resin-bonded pigment dyeing пигментное крашение с применением связующих смол @resist dyeing резервное крашение @reverse dyeing покрывное или групповое крашение (в обратной последовательности) @rope dyeing крашение жгутом @sandocryl dyeing фирм. крашение "сандокрил" (волокон из акрилонитрила в присутствии одновалентного иона меди) @single-bath dyeing однованное крашение @skein dyeing крашение в мотках @sliver dyeing 1. крашение ленты; 2. крашение волокна в ленте @slub dyeing крашение ровницы @solution dyeing пигментация прядильного раствора @space dyeing многооттеночное крашение, крашение по способу "шенье" @speck dyeing 1. крапчатое крашение; 2. крашение изделий из смешанных волокон @spray dyeing аэрографная расцветка ткани @star-frame dyeing крашение на звёздной раме @stock dyeing 1. крашение волокна в массе; 2. крашение в прядильном растворе @strip dyeing крашение деталей одежды @submerged beam dyeing крашение основы на навоях или сновальных валиках методом погружения @sulphide dyeing сернистое крашение @sulphur dyeing сернистое крашение @surface-active dyeing крашение с применением поверхностноактивного вещества @suspension dyeing суспензионное крашение @swatch dyeing крашение образцов @thermaline dyeing фирм. крашение полушерстяных тканей по способу "термалин" @tie dyeing многооттеночное крашение, крашение по способу "шенье" @top-chrome dyeing крашение с последующим хромированием @two-bath dyeing двухванное крашение @union dyeing крашение изделий из смешанных волокон @vat dyeing кубовое крашение @vat acid dyeing кубовое крашение по лейкокислотному способу @vat colour dyeing крашение кубовыми красителями @viscose rayon cake dyeing крашение вискозного шелка в куличах @weighing dyeing привесное крашение @yarn dyeing крашение пряжи @yarn package dyeing крашение пряжи на паковках @ -
60 dyeing
1. крашение, окрашивание; 2. окраска; выкраска @dyeing at boil крашение на кипу @dyeing for subsequent printing крашение под печать или под набивку @dyeing in open beck крашение в открытой красильной барке @dyeing in open-width крашение врасправку @dyeing in ribbons крашение в топсе или ленте @dyeing of cheeses крашение пряжи в куличах @dyeing of ground крашение грунта или фона @dyeing of piece goods крашение кускового товара @dyeing of raw stock крашение в волокне @dyeing of threads крашение ниток @dyeing of warps крашение основ @dyeing of warps in chains крашение основ жгутом @dyeing of whites подцвечивание отбелённых изделий @dyeing to shade крашение под тон @absorption dyeing абсорбционное крашение @acid dyeing кислотное крашение @acid leuco dyeing лейкокислотное крашение @anionic-agent-assisted dyeing крашение с применением анионного поверхностноактивного вещества @bale dyeing крашение суровья @basic dyeing основное крашение @batch dyeing партионное крашение @beam dyeing крашение основы на навоях или сновальных валиках @box dyeing крашение в барке @burl dyeing дополнительное крашение ткани, засорённой узелками, растительными примесями или мушками @cake dyeing крашение пряжи в куличах @calcomet dyeing крашение по способу "калькомет" @carrier dyeing крашение с ускорителями @cationic-agent-assisted dyeing крашение с применением катионного поверхностноактивного вещества @chain dyeing 1. непрерывное или проходное крашение; 2. крашение основы @chromate dyeing хромовое крашение @chrome dyeing хромировочное крашение @chrome mordant dyeing хромировочное протравное крашение @color-band dyeing пигментное крашение с применением связующих веществ @commercial boil dyeing крашение на кипу в производственных условиях @condensation dyeing конденсационное крашение @continuous dyeing непрерывное или проходное крашение @continuous горе dyeing непрерывное или проходное крашение жгутом @cross dyeing однованное крашение изделий из смешанных волокон @developed dyeing крашение с проявлением на волокне @differential dyeing избирательное окрашивание @direct dyeing прямое или субстантивное крашение @discharge dyeing резервное крашение @disperse dyeing дисперсное крашение @dispersing dyeing дисперсное крашение @double dyeing двухванное крашение @double-bath dyeing двухванное крашение @exhaust dyeing крашение до истощения ванны @fabric dyeing 1. крашение ткани; 2. крашение кускового товара @fluidized bed dyeing крашение в нагретом слое сыпучих веществ (песка, стеклянных бус) @fluorescent dyeing крашение флуоресцирующими красителями @foam dyeing крашение в мыльной пене @foulard dyeing крашение на плюсовке @garment dyeing крашение штучных изделий @grease dyeing крашение замасленного суровья @gum dyeing крашение шёлка-сырца @high-temperature dyeing крашение при высокой температуре @ice dyeing ледяное крашение @internal dyeing крашение в прядильном растворе @jig dyeing крашение на роликовой красильной машине @jigger dyeing крашение на роликовой красильной машине @lар dyeing крашение холста @level dyeing эгализированное крашение @loose cotton dyeing крашение хлопкового волокна в массе @loose wool dyeing крашение шерсти в волокне @machine dyeing 1. механическое крашение; 2. аппаратное крашение @metachrome dyeing метахромовое крашение @mordant dyeing протравное крашение @ombre dyeing разнооттеночное крашение, крашение по способу "омбре" @one-bath dyeing однованное крашение @one-bath dyeing of unions однованное крашение изделии из смешанных волокон @over dyeing последующее покрывное или групповое крашение @pack dyeing крашение пряжи на паковках @pad dyeing крашение на плюсовке @piece dyeing крашение кускового товара @pigment dyeing пигментное крашение @pressure dyeing крашение под давлением @random dyeing многооттеночное крашение, крашение по способу "шенье" @raw stock dyeing крашение волокна в массе @reactive dyeing реактивное крашение @resin-bonded pigment dyeing пигментное крашение с применением связующих смол @resist dyeing резервное крашение @reverse dyeing покрывное или групповое крашение (в обратной последовательности) @rope dyeing крашение жгутом @sandocryl dyeing фирм. крашение "сандокрил" (волокон из акрилонитрила в присутствии одновалентного иона меди) @single-bath dyeing однованное крашение @skein dyeing крашение в мотках @sliver dyeing 1. крашение ленты; 2. крашение волокна в ленте @slub dyeing крашение ровницы @solution dyeing пигментация прядильного раствора @space dyeing многооттеночное крашение, крашение по способу "шенье" @speck dyeing 1. крапчатое крашение; 2. крашение изделий из смешанных волокон @spray dyeing аэрографная расцветка ткани @star-frame dyeing крашение на звёздной раме @stock dyeing 1. крашение волокна в массе; 2. крашение в прядильном растворе @strip dyeing крашение деталей одежды @submerged beam dyeing крашение основы на навоях или сновальных валиках методом погружения @sulphide dyeing сернистое крашение @sulphur dyeing сернистое крашение @surface-active dyeing крашение с применением поверхностноактивного вещества @suspension dyeing суспензионное крашение @swatch dyeing крашение образцов @thermaline dyeing фирм. крашение полушерстяных тканей по способу "термалин" @tie dyeing многооттеночное крашение, крашение по способу "шенье" @top-chrome dyeing крашение с последующим хромированием @two-bath dyeing двухванное крашение @union dyeing крашение изделий из смешанных волокон @vat dyeing кубовое крашение @vat acid dyeing кубовое крашение по лейкокислотному способу @vat colour dyeing крашение кубовыми красителями @viscose rayon cake dyeing крашение вискозного шелка в куличах @weighing dyeing привесное крашение @yarn dyeing крашение пряжи @yarn package dyeing крашение пряжи на паковках @
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