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nĕcessārĭō

  • 1 necessāriō

        necessāriō adv.    [necessarius], unavoidably, inevitably: coacti necessario se aperiunt, T.: dicendum est: rem Caesari enuntiare, Cs.: copias parat, S.
    * * *
    unavoidably, without option; necessarily, of necessity; inevitably/unavoidably

    Latin-English dictionary > necessāriō

  • 2 necessario

    nĕcessārĭō, adv., v. necessarius fin. 2.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > necessario

  • 3 necessaria

    nĕcessārĭus, a, um, adj. ( comp. necessarior, Tert. Patient. 11; id. Test. Anim. 4 al.) [necesse], unavoidable, inevitable, indispensable, needful, requisite, necessary: necessarium ait esse Opilius Aurelius, in quo non sit cessandum, aut sine quo vivi non [p. 1195] possit: aut sine quo non bene vivatur: aut quod non possit prohiberi, quin fiat, Paul. ex Fest. p. 162 Müll.
    I.
    Lit.:

    necessarius et fatalis, opp. voluntarius,

    Cic. Phil. 10, 9, 9; cf.: id quod imperatur necessarium;

    illud, quod permittitur, voluntarium est,

    id. Inv. 2, 49, 145:

    necessaria conclusio,

    id. Top. 16, 60:

    leges fatales et necessariae,

    id. Univ. 12:

    omnia quae sint ad vivendum necessaria,

    id. Off. 1, 4, 11:

    senatori necessarium est, nōsse rem publicam,

    id. Leg. 3, 18, 41.—So without dat., = necesse est:

    ne tam necessarium quidem est male meritis quam optime referre quod debeas,

    id. post Red. ad Quir. 9, 22:

    castra ponere necessarium visum est,

    Liv. 21, 58, 6; Plin. Ep. 10, 37, 3; Gai. Inst. 3, 216:

    necessariā re coactus,

    by necessity, Caes. B. C. 1, 40: quod tam necessario tempore ab iis non sublevetur, time of need or necessity, id. B. G. 1, 16:

    cum longius necessario procederent,

    farther than was necessary, too far, id. ib. 7, 16:

    res magis necessariae,

    Cic. Inv. 2, 49, 145:

    res maxime necessaria,

    id. Fam. 2, 6, 2:

    necessarior medela,

    Tert. Patient. 11:

    necessarior sententia,

    id. Test. Anim. 4:

    necessariores operas,

    id. Cult. Tem. 1, 5; id. Res. Carn. 31:

    aliquid necessarius,

    id. Carn. Christ. 7 med. — Subst.: nĕcessārĭa, ōrum, n., the necessaries of life:

    Persae armis positis ad necessaria ex proximo vico ferenda discurrunt,

    Curt. 5, 12, 6:

    plebes sic adcensa uti... sua necessaria post illius honorem ducerent,

    Sall. J. 73, 6; Front. Strat. 3, 14, 4.—
    * B.
    In partic.:

    necessariae partes,

    the private parts, Gai. Inst. 3, § 193.—
    II.
    Transf., connected with another by natural or moral ties (of blood, friendship, clientship), belonging, related, connected, bound.
    (α).
    Adj.: cum utrique sis maxime necessarius, Balb. et Opp. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 7, A: victoria hominis necessarii, of a friend, Mat. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 2; so,

    homo,

    of a father-in-law, Nep. Dat. 6:

    ut a latronibus redimeret necessarias mulieri personas,

    Dig. 24, 3, 21: necessarius heres = suus heres, the natural heir, who was in the potestas of the deceased (opp. to heres extraneus), Gai. Inst. 2, 37; 3, 153; 156; Dig. 38, 16, 1.—
    (β).
    Subst.: nĕcessārĭus, i, m., a relation, relative, kinsman, connection, friend, client, patron (cf. necessitudo, II.; syn.: familiaris, intimus): necessarii sunt, ut Gallus Aelius ait, qui aut cognati aut affines sunt, in quos necessaria officia conferuntur praeter ceteros, Paul. ex Fest. p. 162 Müll.; necessarius angustus, a very near relative, Fragm. Jur. Civ. p. 86 Mai.:

    L. Torquatus meus familiaris ac necessarius,

    Cic. Sull. 1, 2:

    in iis necessariis, qui tibi a patre relicti sunt, me tibi esse vel conjunctissimum,

    id. Fam. 13, 29, 1: nĕcessārĭa, ae, f., a female relative or friend:

    virgo Vestalis hujus propinqua et necessaria,

    id. Mur. 35, 73:

    Cerelliae, necessariae meae, rem commendavi tibi,

    id. Fam. 13, 72, 1.—Hence, adv.
    1.
    nĕcessārĭē (rare), unavoidably, necessarily:

    necessarie demonstrari,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 29, 44:

    comparato cibo,

    Val. Max. 7, 6, 3.—
    2.
    nĕcessārĭō (the most usual form):

    necessario reviviscere,

    Cic. Fam. 6, 10, 5:

    quibuscum vivo necessario,

    id. ib. 5, 21, 1:

    quod necessario rem Caesari enuntiārit,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 17:

    copias parat,

    Sall. J. 21, 1; Quint. 10, 1, 29; 5, 10, 80; Lact. 2, 12.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > necessaria

  • 4 necessarius

    nĕcessārĭus, a, um, adj. ( comp. necessarior, Tert. Patient. 11; id. Test. Anim. 4 al.) [necesse], unavoidable, inevitable, indispensable, needful, requisite, necessary: necessarium ait esse Opilius Aurelius, in quo non sit cessandum, aut sine quo vivi non [p. 1195] possit: aut sine quo non bene vivatur: aut quod non possit prohiberi, quin fiat, Paul. ex Fest. p. 162 Müll.
    I.
    Lit.:

    necessarius et fatalis, opp. voluntarius,

    Cic. Phil. 10, 9, 9; cf.: id quod imperatur necessarium;

    illud, quod permittitur, voluntarium est,

    id. Inv. 2, 49, 145:

    necessaria conclusio,

    id. Top. 16, 60:

    leges fatales et necessariae,

    id. Univ. 12:

    omnia quae sint ad vivendum necessaria,

    id. Off. 1, 4, 11:

    senatori necessarium est, nōsse rem publicam,

    id. Leg. 3, 18, 41.—So without dat., = necesse est:

    ne tam necessarium quidem est male meritis quam optime referre quod debeas,

    id. post Red. ad Quir. 9, 22:

    castra ponere necessarium visum est,

    Liv. 21, 58, 6; Plin. Ep. 10, 37, 3; Gai. Inst. 3, 216:

    necessariā re coactus,

    by necessity, Caes. B. C. 1, 40: quod tam necessario tempore ab iis non sublevetur, time of need or necessity, id. B. G. 1, 16:

    cum longius necessario procederent,

    farther than was necessary, too far, id. ib. 7, 16:

    res magis necessariae,

    Cic. Inv. 2, 49, 145:

    res maxime necessaria,

    id. Fam. 2, 6, 2:

    necessarior medela,

    Tert. Patient. 11:

    necessarior sententia,

    id. Test. Anim. 4:

    necessariores operas,

    id. Cult. Tem. 1, 5; id. Res. Carn. 31:

    aliquid necessarius,

    id. Carn. Christ. 7 med. — Subst.: nĕcessārĭa, ōrum, n., the necessaries of life:

    Persae armis positis ad necessaria ex proximo vico ferenda discurrunt,

    Curt. 5, 12, 6:

    plebes sic adcensa uti... sua necessaria post illius honorem ducerent,

    Sall. J. 73, 6; Front. Strat. 3, 14, 4.—
    * B.
    In partic.:

    necessariae partes,

    the private parts, Gai. Inst. 3, § 193.—
    II.
    Transf., connected with another by natural or moral ties (of blood, friendship, clientship), belonging, related, connected, bound.
    (α).
    Adj.: cum utrique sis maxime necessarius, Balb. et Opp. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 7, A: victoria hominis necessarii, of a friend, Mat. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 2; so,

    homo,

    of a father-in-law, Nep. Dat. 6:

    ut a latronibus redimeret necessarias mulieri personas,

    Dig. 24, 3, 21: necessarius heres = suus heres, the natural heir, who was in the potestas of the deceased (opp. to heres extraneus), Gai. Inst. 2, 37; 3, 153; 156; Dig. 38, 16, 1.—
    (β).
    Subst.: nĕcessārĭus, i, m., a relation, relative, kinsman, connection, friend, client, patron (cf. necessitudo, II.; syn.: familiaris, intimus): necessarii sunt, ut Gallus Aelius ait, qui aut cognati aut affines sunt, in quos necessaria officia conferuntur praeter ceteros, Paul. ex Fest. p. 162 Müll.; necessarius angustus, a very near relative, Fragm. Jur. Civ. p. 86 Mai.:

    L. Torquatus meus familiaris ac necessarius,

    Cic. Sull. 1, 2:

    in iis necessariis, qui tibi a patre relicti sunt, me tibi esse vel conjunctissimum,

    id. Fam. 13, 29, 1: nĕcessārĭa, ae, f., a female relative or friend:

    virgo Vestalis hujus propinqua et necessaria,

    id. Mur. 35, 73:

    Cerelliae, necessariae meae, rem commendavi tibi,

    id. Fam. 13, 72, 1.—Hence, adv.
    1.
    nĕcessārĭē (rare), unavoidably, necessarily:

    necessarie demonstrari,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 29, 44:

    comparato cibo,

    Val. Max. 7, 6, 3.—
    2.
    nĕcessārĭō (the most usual form):

    necessario reviviscere,

    Cic. Fam. 6, 10, 5:

    quibuscum vivo necessario,

    id. ib. 5, 21, 1:

    quod necessario rem Caesari enuntiārit,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 17:

    copias parat,

    Sall. J. 21, 1; Quint. 10, 1, 29; 5, 10, 80; Lact. 2, 12.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > necessarius

  • 5 necessārius

        necessārius adj.    [necesse], unavoidable, inevitable, indispensable, pressing, needful, requisite, necessary, compulsory: conclusio: leges: causa ad proficiscendum, Cs.: locus huic disputationi necessarius de amicitiā, essential: castra ponere necessarium visum est, L.: necessariā re coactus, by necessity, Cs.: tam necessario tempore, time of need, Cs.: longius necessario procedere, too far, Cs.: ut dilucide narremus necessarium est.— Plur n. as subst: ad necessaria ferenda, the necessaries of life, Cu.— Connected by natural ties, belonging, related, connected, bound: homo (a father-in-law), N.—As subst m. and f a relation, relative, kinsman, connection, friend, client, patron: sui, S.: meus familiaris ac necessarius: virgo huius propinqua et necessaria.
    * * *
    I
    relative; connection, one closely connected by friendship/family/obligation
    II
    necessaria -um, necessarior -or -us, - ADJ
    necessary/needed/essential/indispensable; vital/private (body part); close tied; inevitable, fateful; urgent/critical; unavoidable/compulsory; natural (death)

    Latin-English dictionary > necessārius

  • 6 com - mittō (conm-)

        com - mittō (conm-) mīsī, missus, ere.    I. To bring together, join, combine, put together, connect, unite: commissis operibus, L.: fidibusque commissa Moenia, O.: domus plumbo commissa, patched, In.: commissa inter se munimenta, L.: viam a Placentiā Flaminiae, L.: quā naris fronti committitur, is joined, O.: manum Teucris, to attack, V.: commissa in unum crura, O. — To bring together in fight, match, set together, set on: Aenean Rutulumque, make them fight, i. e. describe their contest, Iu.: eunucho Bromium, Iu.—To join, commit, enter on, fight, engage in, begin: proelii committendi signum dare, Cs.: proelium statim, N.: pugnam caestu, V.: ut proelium committi posset, S.: commisso proelio, when the fighting began, Cs.: cum equitatu proelium, Cs.: rixae committendae causā, L. — Of contests in the games: nondum commisso spectaculo, L.: quo die ludi committebantur: ludos, V.—Of a criminal trial: iudicium inter sicarios hoc primum committitur.—To fight, carry on, wage: pugnam navalem: proelia per quatriduum, L. —    II. To deliver, intrust, consign, place, commit, yield, resign, trust, expose, abandon: me tuae fide (dat.), T.: suos alcui liberos, T.: honor creditus ac commissus: alcui calceandos pedes, Ph.: quibus tota commissa est res p.: quia commissi sunt eis magistratūs: imperium alicui, N.: caput tonsori, H.: sulcis semina, V.: verba tabellis, O.: se theatro: se pugnae, L.: pelago ratem, H.: se mortis periculo: se civilibus fluctibus, N.: tergum meum Tuam in fidem, T.: se in id conclave: rem in casum, L.: cum senatus ei commiserit, ut videret, ne, etc.: de existimatione suā alcui: ei commisi et credidi, T.: universo populo neque ipse committit neque, etc.: venti, quibus necessario committendum existimabat, Cs.— Prov.: ovem lupo commisti, T. — To practise, commit, perpetrate, do, be guilty of: qui nihil commiserint: quod mox mutare laboret, H.: facinus: delictum, Cs.: nil nefandum, O.: nefarias res: fraudem, H.: multa in deos impie: quidquid contra leges: aliquid adversus populum, L.: quasi committeret contra legem, offend: cum veri simile erit aliquem commississe.—With ut (rarely cur or quā re), to be in fault, give occasion, be guilty, incur (usu. with neg.): non committet hodie iterum ut vapulet, T.: civem committere, ut morte multandus sit, incur: committendum non putabat, ut dici posset, etc., that he ought not to incur the reproach, etc., Cs.: negare se commissurum, cur sibi quisquam imperium finiret, L.: neque commissum a se, quā re timeret, Cs.—Poet., with inf: infelix committit saepe repelli, incurs repulse, O. — To incur, become liable to: multam: devotionem capitis, incurred.—Hence, commissus, forfeited, confiscated (as a penalty): hereditas Veneri Erycinae commissa: civitas obligata sponsione commissā, a broken covenant, L.

    Latin-English dictionary > com - mittō (conm-)

  • 7 dē-veniō

        dē-veniō vēnī, ventūrus, īre,    to come, arrive, reach: alquam in partem, Cs.: ad eam necessario: in victoris manūs: in eum locum, L.: in Scythiam, O.: quo, H.—With acc: devenere locos ubi, etc., V.: speluncam eandem, V.—Fig., to reach, arrive, come: tantum devenisse ad eum mali, T.: ad iuris studium.

    Latin-English dictionary > dē-veniō

  • 8 properō

        properō āvī, ātus, āre    [properus], to make haste, hasten, be quick, be in haste, go quickly: mihi properandum necessario est: haec properantes scripsimus, in haste: simulabat sese negoti gratiā properare, S.: ad praedam, ad gloriam, Cs.: Romam: alio, to another subject, S.: redire in patriam: signa inferre, S.: Sybarin amando Perdere, H.: se quisque hostem ferire properabat, S.: quem Adiungi generum properabat, V.: properare, ut Gadīs contenderet, Cs.: vides toto properari litore? the running to and fro, V.: erat nihil, cur properato opus esset.— To quicken, accelerate, prepare with haste: alia quae incepto usui forent, S.: properato itinere, S.: mortem, V.: vellera properabantur, H.: teneri properentur amores, Dum vacat, be sung briefly, O.
    * * *
    properare, properavi, properatus V
    hurry, speed up; be quick

    Latin-English dictionary > properō

  • 9 sub-levō

        sub-levō āvī, ātus, āre,    to lift from beneath, raise up, hold up, support: nos sibi ad pedes stratos: in ascensu sublevati, i. e. assisted, Cs.: alterni innixi sublevantesque invicem alii alios, L.: se, Cs.: terrā sublevat ipsum, V.—Fig., to lighten, qualify, alleviate, mitigate, lessen, assu<*>ge: non aliquo mediocri vitio eius vitia sublevata esse videbuntur: fortunam industriā, Cs.: hominum calamitates: fugam pecuniā, N.—To sustain, support, assist, encourage, console, relieve: homines: hunc suo testimonio: eos accusat, quod tam necessario tempore ab iis non sublevetur, Cs.: ad alios sublevandos, N.

    Latin-English dictionary > sub-levō

  • 10 tam

        tam adv.    [3 TA-], correl. with quam in comparisons, implying equality of degree, in such a degree, as much, so, so much: non tam solido quam splendido nomine: adiuro, tam me tibi vera referre Quam veri maiora fide, as true as they are incredible, O.: quam magni nominis bellum est, tam difficilem existimaritis victoriam fore, L.: istam dexteram non tam in bellis neque in proeliis quam in promissis et fide firmiorem, i. e. whose superior trustworthiness is not so much in wars, etc.: nihil est tam contra naturam quam turpitudo: nihil esse tam diligenter quam ius civile retinendum: non tam meāpte causā Laetor quam illius, T.: vellem tam domestica ferre possem quam ista contemnere, were as able to bear, etc.: quod si tam vos curam libertatis haberetis, quam illi ad dominationem adcensi sunt, in as great a degree, S.: Parmenonis tam scio esse hanc techinam quam me vivere, just as well as, T.: Tam teneor dono quam si dimittar onustus, H.: tam es tu iudex quam ego.—With comp. or superl. (quam... tam in the sense of quanto... tanto or quo... eo; old or poet.): Tam magis illa fremens... Quam magis effuso crudescunt sanguine pugnae, raging the more wildly, the more, etc., V.: quam maxime huic vana haec suspicio Erit, tam facillime patris pacem in leges conficiet suas (i. e. quo magis... eo facilius), T.: quam quisque pessume fecit, tam maxume tutus est (i. e. ut quisque... ita maxime, etc.), S.—With a comparative clause implied in the context, so, to such a degree, so very, equally: quae faciliora sunt philosophis... quia tam graviter cadere non possunt (i. e. quam alii): quorsum igitur tam multa de voluptate? so much (as has been said): hoc, quod a tam multis perferatur, by so many (as we have mentioned): tam necessario tempore, tam propinquis hostibus, at so urgent a time as this, Cs.: hunc tam temere iudicare, Cs.: cum tam procul a finibus Macedoniae absint, L.: quam si explicavisset, non tam haesitaret, i. e. as he does.—Often with a pron demonstr.: haec mea oratio tam longa aut tam alte repetita: haec tam crebra Etruriae concilia, L.: quae est ista tam infesta ira? L.—Followed by a clause of result with ut, qui or quin (only with adjj. and advv.), so, so very: quae (maturitas) mihi tam iucunda est, ut quasi terram videre videar: ad eum pervenit tam opportuno tempore, ut simul, etc., Cs.—Usu. with a negative or in a question implying a negative: quis umquam praedo fuit tam nefarius, quis pirata tam barbarus ut, etc.: non se tam barbarum ut non sciret, etc., Cs.: nemo inventus est tam amens, qui illud argentum eriperet: quae est anus tam delira quae timeat ista?: Numquam tam mane egredior... quin te... conspicer Fodere, T.: numquam tam male est Siculis quin aliquid facete et commode dicant.
    * * *
    so, so much (as); to such an extent/degree; nevertheless, all the same

    Latin-English dictionary > tam

  • 11 trādō

        trādō (old also trānsdō, T.), didī, ditus, ere    [trans+do], to give up, hand over, deliver, transmit, surrender, consign: ut arma per manūs necessario traderentur, Cs.: se hostibus, Cs.: nominare cui poculum tradituri sint: pecuniam regiam quaestoribus, L.: pueros magistris, O.: testamentum tibi legendum, H.: urbem, L.: armis traditis, Cs.: transdere hominem in otium, i. e. drive, T.— To deliver, commit, intrust, confide: ei te: totum denique hominem tibi: hos (obsides) Aeduis custodiendos tradit, Cs.— To surrender treacherously, betray: causam advorsariis, T.: quos tradituros sperabas, vides iudicare.—Fig., to give up, surrender, hand over, deliver, intrust: quae dicam memoriae: possessionem Galliae sibi, Cs.: Vercassivellauno summa imperi traditur, Cs.: tristitiam et metūs Tradam protervis in mare Portare ventis, H.—With pron reflex., to give oneself up, yield, surrender, devote oneself: se totos voluptatibus: te in disciplinam meam.— To make over, transmit, leave, bequeath (cf. lēgo): posteris inimicitias: traditumque inde fertur, ut in senatum vocarentur, it is said that from this arose the custom, etc., L.— To hand down, transmit, pass on, relate, narrate, recount: hunc (clamorem) excipere et proxumis tradere, Cs.: pugnae memoriam posteris, L.: ipsum regem tradunt... operatum iis sacris se abdidisse, L.: qui (Aristides) unus omnium iustissimus fuisse traditur: sic enim est traditum, such is the tradition: ut Isocratem dixisse traditum est: convertentem se... traditur memoriae cecidisse, L.—Of a teacher, to deliver, propose, propound, teach: ea, quae dialectici nunc tradunt et docent: ad omnia imitanda, quae ab quoque traduntur, Cs.: virtutem hominibus: multa de sideribus iuventuti, Cs.
    * * *
    tradere, tradidi, traditus V
    hand over, surrender; deliver; bequeath; relate

    Latin-English dictionary > trādō

  • 12 tum

        tum adv., of time    [3 TA-].—Of time past, then, at that time, in those times: placuit tum id mihi, T.: qui tum vexare cupiebant: vastae tum in his locis solitudines erant, L.: Caere, opulento tum oppido, L.: tum Staienus condemnatus est, i. e. in that trial.—In emphatic opposition to other advv. of time: tu nunc tibi Id laudi ducis quod tum fecisti inopiā? T.: quae tabula, tum imperio tuo revolsa, nunc a me tamen deportata est: Et tum sicca, prius creberrima fontibus, Ide, O.—Of time present (only in orat. obliq., for nunc), now, at this time, then: quando autem se, si tum non sint, pares hostibus fore? if they were not now so, L.—Of time future, then, in that case, if that be done, thereupon: Tum meae... Vocis accedet bona pars, H.: confer sudantes, ructantes... tum intelleges, etc.: agedum, dictatorem creemus... Pulset tum mihi lictorem, qui sciet, etc., L.—Of time indefinite, then, at such a time, in such circumstances, in this instance, if so: nam quid agimus, cum sevocamus animum?... quid, inquam, tum agimus, nisi, etc.?—Repeated, tum... tum, sometimes... sometimes, now... now, at one time... at another: tum hoc mihi probabilius, tum illud videtur: dictator tum appellare tum adhortari milites, L.—Of succession in time, then, thereupon, next, afterwards, forthwith: conlocari iussit hominem in aureo lecto... Tum ad mensam eximiā formā pueros iussit consistere: tum, prope iam perculsis aliis tribunis, A. Virginius Caesoni capitis diem dicit, L.—In a series, repeated, or with other advv. or conjj. varying the expression: ducem Hannibali unum e concilio datum (a Iove), tum ei ducem illum praecepisse ne respiceret, illum autem respexisse, tum visam beluam vastam, etc.: tum... alias... tum... alias: tum... tum... aliquando: tum... tum... aut... aut: modo... tum autem.—Fig., of succession in thought, and then, besides, also, moreover, again, further, on the other hand: Quot me censes homines iam deverberasse, Hospites tum civīs? as well as, T.: faciendum est igitur nobis ut... veteranorum, tum legionis Martiae quartaeque consensus... confirmetur.—After a general clause with cum, introducing a particular or emphatic assertion: cum... tum, as... so, while... also, not only... but also, as... so especially: Quom id mihi placebat, tum uno ore omnes omnia Bona dicere, T.: cum omnium rerum simulatio vitiosa est, tum amicitiae repugnat maxime: movet patres conscriptos cum causa tum auctor, L.—Cum, followed by tum vero, tum maxime, tum praecipue or tum inprimis, while... in particular, not only... but especially, while... above all, not only... but chiefly: cum haec sunt videnda, tum vero illud est hominis magni, etc.: cum infamia atque indignitas rei impediebat, tum maxime quod, etc., Cs.: cum multa non probo, tum illud inprimis quod, etc.— Cum, followed by tum certe, tum nimirum, tum etiam, tum quoque or tum praeterea, while... at least, as... so assuredly, both... and as well, not only... but moreover: at cum de plurimis eadem dicit, tum certe de maximis: cum memoriter, tum etiam amice, etc.: cum potestas maior, tum vir quoque potestati par, etc., L.—Referring to a temporal clause, with cum.—Of coincidence of definite time, tum... cum, or cum... tum, at the time when, at a time when, even when, already when: tum, quom gratum mihi esse potuit, nolui, T.: cum minime videbamur, tum maxime philosophabamur: tum mittendos legatos fuisse cum Perseus Graecas urbes obsideret, L.—Of succession in time, then, next, at once, forthwith: id cum Sulla fecisset, tum ante oppidum Nolam Samnitium castra cepit: cum muros defensoribus nudasset, tum Afros ad subruendum murum mittit, L.—Of indefinite time, tum... cum, or cum... tum, at the time when, at a time when, at such times as, whenever: omnis praedictio mali tum probatur cum ad praedictionem cautio adiungitur: tum cum sine pondere suci Mobilibus ventis arida facta volant, O.—With ubi, of succession in time, then, next, at once, forthwith: ubi eorum dolorem cognovi, tum meum animum in illos proposui: ubi spectaculi tempus venit, tum orta vis, L.—Of indefinite time, ubi... tum, whenever: Post ubi tempust promissa iam perfici, Tum coacti necessario se aperiunt, T.—With postquam or postea quam, of succession in definite time, then, at once: tum vero postquam res sociorum ante oculos prope suos ferri vidit, suum id dedecus ratus, etc., L.: posteaquam e portu piratae exierunt, tum coeperunt quaerere homines, etc., as soon as.—In indefinite time, then, always: postquam commoditas prava dicendi copiam consecuta est, tum malitia praevertere urbīs adsuevit.—With ut, ut... tum, or tum... ut, when, after, as soon as: ut vero accessit cohortatio... tum vero filium seduxit: ut vero aquam ingressi sunt, tum utique egressis rigere corpora, L.—With quando, tum... quando, or quando... tum, when, as soon as: utinam tum essem natus quando Romani dona accipere coepissent.—With dum, then, meanwhile: dum se glomerant... tum pondere turris Procubuit, V.—With quam diu, then, so long: qui, quam tibi amicus non modo tum fuerit quam diu tecum in provinciā fuit, verum, etc.—With a relative, then, at that time: Quā tempestate Paris Helenam innuptis iunxit nuptiis, Ego tum gravida expletis iam fui ad pariendum mensibus, C. poët.—With an abl absol., then, thereafter, at once: ut morte eius nuntiatā tum denique bellum confectum arbitraretur: ita rebus divinis peractis tum de bello dictator rettulit, L.—Fig., in a conclusion after cum or si, then, therefore, consequently, in that case: cum magnus numerus deesset, tum iste homo coepit, etc.: quid tum quaeso, si hoc pater resciverit? T.: Si quidem me amaret, tum istuc prodesset, T. —In particular phrases, iam tum, already at that time, as soon as that: iam tum erat suspitio Dolo malo haec fieri, T.: ut mihi iam tum divinasse ille videatur hanc urbem esse, etc.—Tum demum or tum denique, then only, then at length, then at last, not till then, as late as that: tum demum Liscus, quod antea tacuerat, proponit, Cs.: quo cum venerimus, tum denique vivemus.—Tum primum, tum primo, or tum deinde, then first, then for the first time, not till then: ludorum gratiā, quos tum primum anniversarios in circo facere constituisset: tum primo, L.: quas cum solus pertulisset, tum deinde comitia conlegae subrogando habuit, L.— Hic tum, at this point, just here, just then: hic tum iniectus est hominibus scrupulus.—With emphatic particles, tum vero, tum enim vero, or enim vero tum, then indeed, just then, at that crisis, then if not before, then: discedit a Melino Cluentia. tum vero illa egregia mater palum exsultare... coepit: Quae postquam frustra temptata rogumque parari... Sensit, Tum vero gemitūs... Edidit, O.—Tum quidem, at that time, thereupon, then at least: et tum quidem incolumis exercitum liberavit; post triennium autem, etc.—Ne tum quidem, not even then: num quis horum miser hodie? ne tum quidem, post spiritum extremum.—Tum maxime or tum cum maxime, especially at that time, chiefly then, just then, precisely at that time: quem provincia tum maxime exspectabat: regi, tum maxime captivos ex Illyrico vendenti, at that very time, L.—Etiam tum, even then, even at that time, even already, even yet: totum se Servilio etiam tum tradidit: Ipsa ego non longos etiam tum scissa capillos, not yet long, O.—Tum quoque, also then, then likewise, then as before, then too, then once more, even then: tum quoque homini plus tribui quam necessitati: tum quoque multis milibus Latinorum in civitatem acceptis, L.—Tum autem, and then, besides further, moreover, nay even, statim se ad hominis egentis, tum autem iudicis, familiaritatem se applicavit: tanta enim tempestas cooritur... tum autem nives proluit, etc., Cs.— Tum ipsum, at that very time, just then, even then: id quod aliquando posset accidere, ne tum ipsum accideret, timere.—Quid tum? what then? what next? what further?: dic; cras est mihi Iudicium. quid tum? T.: videsne abundare me otio? A. quid tum?
    * * *
    then, next; besides; at that time

    cum...tum -- not only...but also

    Latin-English dictionary > tum

  • 13 vindicō (vend-)

        vindicō (vend-) āvī, ātus, āre    [vindex].—In law, to assert a claim to, demand formally, ask judgment for: puellam in posterum diem, i. e. to take charge of under bonds to appear the next day, L.: ita vindicatur Virginia spondentibus propinquis, L.—To claim as one's own, make a claim upon, demand, claim, arrogate, assume, appropriate omnia iure pro suis vindicare: Homerum Chii suum vindicant: prospera omnes sibi vindicant, adversa uni imputantur, Ta.: victoriae maiore parte ad se vindicatā, L.: Galliae consensio fuit libertatis vindicandae, ut, etc., should be maintained, Cs.: antiquam faciem, reassume, O.—In the phrase, in libertatem vindicare, to claim for freedom, set free, free, emancipate: in libertatem rem populi: rem p. in veterem dignitatem ac libertatem, i. e. to restore: se et populum R. in libertatem, Cs.—To serve as champion, deliver, liberate, protect, defend, save: te ab eo: nos a verberibus: ab hac necessitate vos fortuna vindicat, L.: perpetienda illa fuerunt, ut se aliquando ac suos vindicaret, might protect: quam dura ad saxa revinctam Vindicat Alcides, sets free, O.—To act as avenger, avenge, revenge, punish, take vengeance on, recompense: quo (perfugio), nisi vos vindicatis, utentur necessario: contionibus populum ad vindicandum hortari, S.: quae vindicaris in altero, tibi ipsi fugienda sunt: improborum consensionem supplicio omni: Ti. Gracchi conatūs perditos: necem Crassi, O.: fateor in civīs persaepe esse severe vindicatum: in quos (Venetos) eo gravius Caesar vindicandum statuit, Cs.

    Latin-English dictionary > vindicō (vend-)

  • 14 ango

    ango, xi, ctum, and anxum, 3, v. a. ( perf. and sup. rest only on the assertion in Prisc. p. 895 P.; Diom. p. 366 P.; part. anctus, Paul. ex Fest. p. 24 Müll.; acc. to Prisc. l. c., the sup. is sometimes anxum; cf. Struve, 214) [the root of this word is widely diffused: ankos, a bend, hollow; whence, valley, ravine; from the notion of closeness, come anchô = to press tight, to strangle, throttle; ango; Germ. hangen, hängen; Engl. hang; angustus, anxius, anxietas; old Germ. Angust; Germ. Angst = Engl. anguish; from the notion of being bent, come ancus anculus, a crouching slave, ancora = Gr. ankura; angulus = Germ. Angel, Engl. angle; old Germ. Angul, a hook; Gael. ingle = nook for the fire, fireplace; ancale = ankalê, Engl. ankle; ancon, and the pr. names Ancon and Ancona; uncus, curved, crooked; ungula, claw; unguis, claw, nail; cf. Sanscr. ahus, close; ahas, anguish; ankāmi, to bend; ankas, the lap (sinus), a hook; for the other Greek words belonging to this group, v. L. and S. s. vv. ankos and anchô].
    I.
    Lit., to bind, draw, or press together; of the throat, to throttle, strangle (so anchô; in this signif. antiquated; hence, in class. perh. only in the poets; in prose, instead of it, suffocare; cf. Diom. p. 361 P.):

    angit inhaerens Elisos oculos et siccum sanguine guttur,

    Verg. A. 8, 260; so id. G. 3, 497:

    cum colla minantia monstri Angeret,

    Stat. Th. 4, 828; 6, 270; Sil. 13, 584.—Hence, of plants, to choke, Col. 4, 2, 2; 6, 27, 7 al.—
    II.
    Metaph.
    A.
    To cause (physical) pain; hence, angi, to feel or suffer pain, Plin. 10, 60, 79, § 164. —
    B.
    Most freq. of the mind, to distress, torment, torture, vex, trouble; and angi, to feel distressed, to suffer torment, etc.:

    illum incommodis dictis angam,

    Plaut. Cas. 2, 1, 11: cura angit hominem, * Ter. Phorm. 1, 3, 8; * Lucr. 4, 1134:

    cruciatu timoris angi?

    Cic. Off. 2, 7, 25:

    multa sunt, quae me sollicitant anguntque,

    id. Att. 1, 18:

    angebar singularum horarum exspectatio ne,

    id. ib. 9, 1 et saep.; Liv. 2, 7; 21, 1 al.:

    ne munere te parvo beet aut incommodus angat (cruciet, cum non vult dare quod poscis, Cruqu.),

    Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 75:

    ad humum maerore gravi deducit et angit,

    id. A. P. 110:

    poëta, meum qui pectus inaniter angit,

    puts in torturing suspense, id. Ep. 2, 1, 211 al.:

    Pompeius... curis animum mordacibus angit,

    Luc. 2, 680 sq.:

    Ea res animum illius anxit,

    Gell. 1, 3:

    (aemula eam) vehementer angebat,

    Vulg. 1 Reg. 1, 6.—With de (in respect to):

    de Statio manumisso et non nullis aliis rebus angor,

    Cic. Att. 2, 18 fin.:

    de quo angor et crucior,

    id. ib. 7, 22.—Sometimes with gen. (on this const. cf. Roby, II. §

    1321): absurde facis, qui angas te animi,

    Plaut. Ep. 3, 1, 6:

    (Sthenius) angebatur animi necessario, quod etc.,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 34, 84. But Cic. also uses the abl.:

    angor animo,

    Brut. 2, 7: audio te animo angi, Fam. 16, 142; and acc. to some edd. Tusc. 1, 40, 96 Seyff. (v. further on this gen. s. v. animus).

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > ango

  • 15 aperio

    ăpĕrĭo, ĕrŭi, ertum, 4, v. a. ( fut. aperibo, Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 50; Pompon. ap. Non. p. 506, 30) [ab-pario, to get from, take away from, i.e. to uncover, like the opp. operio, from obpario, to get for, to put upon, i. e. to cover; this is the old explanation, and is received by Corssen, Ausspr. I. p. 653; II. p. 410, and by Vanicek, p. 503], to uncover, make or lay bare.
    I.
    Lit.:

    patinas,

    Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 51: apertae surae, Turp. ap. Non. p. 236, 16:

    apertis lateribus,

    Sisenn. ib. p. 236, 26:

    capite aperto esse,

    Varr. ib. p. 236, 25;

    p. 236, 28: ut corporis partes quaedam aperiantur,

    Cic. Off. 1, 35, 129:

    caput aperuit,

    id. Phil. 2, 31; Sall. H. Fragm. ap. Non. p. 236, 20:

    capita,

    Plin. 28, 6, 17, § 60:

    aperto pectore,

    Ov. M. 2, 339; and poet. transf. to the person:

    apertae pectora matres,

    id. ib. 13, 688:

    ramum,

    Verg. A. 6, 406 al. — Trop., to make visible, to show, reveal, Liv. 22, 6:

    dispulsā nebulā diem aperuit,

    id. 26, 17 (cf. just before:

    densa nebula campos circa intexit): dies faciem victoriae,

    Tac. Agr. 38:

    lux aperuit bellum ducemque belli,

    Liv. 3, 15:

    novam aciem dies aperuit,

    Tac. H. 4, 29:

    his unda dehiscens Terram aperit,

    opens to view, Verg. A. 1, 107.—From the intermediate idea of making visible,
    II.
    Metaph.
    A.
    1.. To unclose, open: aperto ex ostio Alti Acheruntis, Poët. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 16, 37:

    aperite aliquis ostium,

    Ter. Ad. 4, 4, 26; so id. Heaut. 2, 3, 35:

    forem aperi,

    id. Ad. 2, 1, 13:

    fores,

    id. Eun. 2, 2, 52; Ov. M. 10, 457; Suet. Aug. 82:

    januas carceris,

    Vulg. Act. 5, 19:

    fenestram,

    ib. Gen. 8, 6:

    liquidas vias,

    to open the liquid way, Lucr. 1, 373; so Verg. A. 11, 884:

    sucum venis fundere apertis,

    to pour out moisture from its open veins, Lucr. 5, 812:

    saccum,

    Vulg. Gen. 42, 27:

    os,

    ib. ib. 22, 28:

    labia, ib. Job, 11, 5: oculos,

    ib. Act. 9, 8:

    accepi fasciculum, in quo erat epistula Piliae: abstuli, aperui, legi,

    Cic. Att. 5, 11 fin.; so id. ib. 1, 13;

    6, 3: aperire librum,

    Vulg. Apoc. 5, 5; 20, 12:

    testamentum,

    Plin. 7, 52, 53, § 177 (cf.:

    testamentum resignare,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 9); Suet. Caes. 83; id. Aug. 17:

    sigillum aperire,

    to break, Vulg. Apoc. 6, 3 al.:

    ferro iter aperiundum est,

    Sall. C. 58, 7:

    locum... asylum,

    to make it an asylum, Liv. 1, 8:

    subterraneos specus,

    Tac. G. 16:

    navigantibus maria,

    Plin. 2, 47, 47, § 122:

    arbor florem aperit,

    id. 12, 11, 23, § 40 et saep.: aperire parietem, to open a wall, in order to put a door or window in it, Dig. 8, 2, 40: alicui oculos aperire, to give sight to (after the Heb.), Vulg. Joan. 9, 10; 9, 14 al.; so,

    aures aperire,

    to restore hearing to, ib. Marc. 7, 35.—
    2.
    Trop.:

    nec ita claudenda est res familiaris, ut eam benignitas aperire non possit,

    Cic. Off. 2, 15, 54: amicitiae fores. id. Fam. 13, 10:

    multus apertus cursus ad laudem,

    id. Phil. 14, 6 fin.:

    tibi virtus tua reditum ad tuos aperuit,

    id. Fam. 6, 11:

    philosophiae fontes,

    id. Tusc. 1, 3, 6; id. Mil. 31, 85 et saep.: alicujus oculos aperire, to open one's eyes, make him discern (after the Heb.), Vulg. Gen. 3, 5; 3, 7; ib. Act. 26, 18; so,

    alicujus cor aperire,

    ib. ib. 16, 14: ventus [p. 136] incendio viam aperuit, Liv. 6, 2:

    occasionem ad invadendum,

    id. 4, 53; so id. 9, 27: si hanc fenestram aperueritis (i.e. if you enter upon the way of complaint), nihil aliud agi sinetis, Suet. Tib. 28 (cf. Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 72:

    Quantam fenestram ad nequitiem patefeceris!): quia aperuisset gentibus ostium fidei,

    Vulg. Act. 14, 27; ib. Col. 4, 3.— So of the new year, to open it, i.e. begin:

    annum,

    Verg. G. 1, 217:

    contigit ergo privatis aperire annum (since the consul entered upon his office the first of January),

    Plin. Pan. 58, 4 Gierig and Schaef.—So also of a school, to establish, set up, begin, or open it:

    Dionysius tyrannus Corinthi dicitur ludum aperuisse,

    Cic. Fam. 9, 18; so Suet. Gram. 16; id. Rhet. 4.— Poet.:

    fuste aperire caput,

    i.e. to cleave, split the head, Juv. 9, 98.—
    B.
    Aperire locum (populum, gentes, etc.), to lay open a place, people, etc., i.e. to open an entrance to, render accessible (cf. patefacio);

    most freq. in the histt., esp. in Tacitus: qui aperuerint armis orbem terrarum,

    Liv. 42, 52; 42, 4:

    Syriam,

    Tac. A. 2, 70:

    omnes terras fortibus viris natura aperuit,

    id. H. 4, 64:

    novas gentes,

    id. Agr. 22:

    gentes ac reges,

    id. G. 1:

    Britanniam tamdiu clausam aperit,

    Mel. 3, 6, 4; Luc. 1, 465 Cort.:

    Eoas,

    id. 4, 352:

    pelagus,

    Val. Fl. 1, 169.—
    C.
    Transf. to mental objects, to disclose something unknown, to unveil, reveal, make known, unfold, to prove, demonstrate; or gen. to explain, recount, etc.:

    occulta quaedam et quasi involuta aperiri,

    Cic. Fin. 1, 9, 30:

    explicanda est saepe verbis mens nostra de quāque re atque involutae rei notitia definiendo aperienda est,

    id. Or. 33, 116:

    alicui scripturas aperire,

    Vulg. Luc. 24, 32:

    tua probra aperibo omnia,

    Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 50: ne exspectetis argumentum fabulae;

    hi partem aperient,

    Ter. Ad. prol. 23:

    non quo aperiret sententiam suam, sed etc.,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 18, 84:

    eo praesente conjurationem aperit,

    Sall. C. 40, 6:

    naturam et mores,

    id. ib. 53 fin.; so id. ib. 45, 1; 47, 1; id. J. 33, 4:

    lux fugam hostium aperuit,

    Liv. 27, 2:

    aperiri error poterat,

    id. 26, 10:

    casus aperire futuros,

    to disclose the future, Ov. M. 15, 559:

    futura aperit,

    Tac. H. 2, 4.—So also, se aperire or aperiri, to reveal one's true disposition, character:

    tum coacti necessario se aperiunt,

    show themselves in their true light, Ter. And. 4, 1, 8:

    studio aperimur in ipso,

    Ov. A. A. 3, 371:

    exspectandum, dum se ipsa res aperiret,

    Nep. Paus. 3, 7; Quint. prooem. § 3.—Sometimes constr. with acc. and inf., a rel.-clause, or de:

    cum jam directae in se prorae hostes appropinquare aperuissent,

    Liv. 44, 28:

    domino navis, quis sit, aperit,

    Nep. Them. 8, 6; so id. Eum. 13, 3: de clementiā, Auct. ad Her. 2, 31.—In a gen. sense (freq. in epistt.) in Cic. Att. 5, 1, 2: de Oppio factum est, ut volui, et maxime, quod DCCC. aperuisti, you promised, i.e. that it should be paid to him (= ostendisti te daturum, Manut.); cf.

    the more definite expression: de Oppio bene curāsti, quod ei DCCC. exposuisti,

    id. ib. 5, 4, 3.—Hence, ăpertus, a, um, P. a.; pr., opened; hence, open, free.
    A.
    Lit.
    1.
    Without covering, open, uncovered (opp. tectus):

    naves apertae,

    without deck, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 40; Liv. 31, 22 fin.; cf. id. 32, 21, 14: centum tectae naves et quinquaginta leviores apertae, et saep.; v. navis.—Also, without covering or defence, unprotected, exposed:

    locus,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 84.— Poet., of the sky, clear, cloudless:

    caelo invectus aperto,

    Verg. A. 1, 155:

    aether,

    id. ib. 1, 587:

    aperta serena prospicere,

    id. G. 1, 393.—
    2.
    Unclosed, open, not shut (opp. clausus):

    Janua cum per se transpectum praebet apertum,

    since this affords an open view through it, Lucr. 4, 272:

    oculi,

    id. 4, 339:

    oculorum lumine aperto,

    id. 4, 1139 et saep.:

    nihil tam clausum, neque tam reconditum, quod non istius cupiditati apertissimum promptissimumque esset,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 20:

    caelum patens atque apertum,

    id. Div. 1, 1 (diff. from 1.); so Ov. M. 6, 693:

    vidit caelos apertos,

    Vulg. Marc. 1, 10:

    apertus et propatulus locus,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 49:

    iter,

    Liv. 31, 2:

    apertior aditus ad moenia,

    id. 9, 28:

    campi,

    id. 38, 3:

    per apertum limitem (viae),

    Tac. H. 3, 21; Ov. M. 1, 285:

    fenestrae,

    Vulg. Dan. 6, 10:

    ostia,

    ib. ib. 13, 39:

    aequor,

    Ov. M. 4, 527; so id. ib. 8, 165; 11, 555 et saep. — Poet., of a battle: nec aperti copia Martis Ulla fuit, an action in the open field, Ov. M. 13, 208.—Very freq. ăpertum, subst., that which is open, free; an open, clear space:

    in aperto,

    Lucr. 3, 604:

    per apertum fugientes,

    Hor. C, 3, 12, 10:

    impetum ex aperto facerent,

    Liv. 35, 5:

    castra in aperto posita,

    id. 1, 33; so id. 22, 4:

    volantem in aperto,

    Plin. 10, 8, 9, § 22:

    in aperta prodeunt,

    id. 8, 32, 50, § 117:

    disjecit naves in aperta Oceani,

    Tac. A. 2, 23.—
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    a.. Opp. to that which is concealed, covered, dark, open, clear, plain, evident, manifest, unobstructed:

    nam nihil aegrius est quam res secernere apertas ab dubiis,

    nothing is, indeed, more difficult than to separate things that are evident from those that are doubtful, Lucr. 4, 467; so id. 4, 596; 1, 915; 5, 1062:

    cum illum ex occultis insidiis in apertum latrocinium conjecimus,

    Cic. Cat. 2, 1:

    simultates partim obscurae, partim apertae,

    id. Manil. 24:

    quid enim potest esse tam apertum tamque perspicuum?

    id. N. D. 2, 2, 4:

    quid rem apertam suspectam facimus?

    Liv. 41, 24:

    non furtim, sed vi aperta,

    id. 25, 24:

    apertus animi motus,

    Quint. 10, 3, 21:

    invidia in occulto, adulatio in aperto,

    Tac. H. 4, 4 et saep.—So, in rhet., of clear, intelligible discourse:

    multo apertius ad intellegendum est, si, etc.... apertam enim narrationem tam esse oportet quam, etc.,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 80, 328; cf. id. Inv. 1, 20.—Hence,
    b.
    Esp. as subst.: in aperto esse,
    (α).
    To be clear, evident, well known, notorious, en tôi phanerôi einai:

    ad cognoscendum omnia illustria magis magisque in aperto,

    Sall. J. 5, 3.—
    (β).
    To be easily practicable, easy, facile (the figure taken from an open field or space):

    agere memoratu digna pronum magisque in aperto erat,

    there was a greater inclination and a more open way to, Tac. Agr. 1:

    hostes aggredi in aperto foret,

    id. H. 3, 56:

    vota virtusque in aperto omniaque prona victoribus,

    id. Agr. 33.—
    2.
    Of character, without dissimulation, open, frank, candid:

    animus apertus et simplex,

    Cic. Fam. 1, 9; id. Off. 3, 13, 57:

    pectus,

    id. Lael. 26, 97. —Hence, ironically: ut semper fuit apertissimus, as he has always been very open, frank (for impudent, shameless), Cic. Mur. 35.—Hence, ăpertē, adv., openly, clearly, plainly.
    I.
    In gen.:

    tam aperte irridens,

    Ter. Phorm. 5, 8, 62:

    ab illo aperte tecte quicquid est datum, libenter accepi,

    Cic. Att. 1, 14, 4; id. Or. 12, 38; id. Am. 18, 67:

    cum Fidenae aperte descissent,

    Liv. 1, 27:

    aperte quod venale habet ostendit,

    Hor. S. 1, 2, 83:

    aperte revelari,

    Vulg. 1 Reg. 2, 27:

    non jam secretis colloquiis, sed aperte fremere,

    Tac. A. 11, 28:

    aperte adulari,

    Cic. Am. 26, 99:

    aperte mentiri,

    id. Ac. 2, 6, 18:

    aperte pugnare, id. ap. Aquil. Rom. 10: aperte immundus est,

    Vulg. Lev. 13, 26.— Comp.:

    cum ipsum dolorem hic tulit paulo apertius,

    Cic. Planc. 34; id. Att. 16, 3, 5; Curt. 6, 1, 11:

    ab his proconsuli venenum inter epulas datum est apertius quam ut fallerent,

    Tac. A. 13, 1.— Sup.:

    hinc empta apertissime praetura,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 100:

    equite Romano per te apertissime interfecto,

    id. Har. Resp. 30:

    largiri,

    id. ib. 56:

    praedari,

    id. Verr. 1, 130.—
    II.
    Esp. of what is set forth in words or writing, plainly, clearly, freely, without reserve:

    nempe ergo aperte vis quae restant me loqui?

    Ter. And. 1, 2, 24; id. Phorm. 4, 3, 49:

    aperte indicat (lex) posse rationem habere non praesentis,

    Cic. ad Brut. 1, 5, 3:

    Non tu istuc mihi dictura aperte es, quicquid est?

    Ter. Eun. 5, 1, 3:

    narrare,

    id. Heaut. 4, 3, 24:

    scribere,

    Cic. Fam. 5, 7, 3; Quint. 1, 5, 43.— Comp.:

    Planius atque apertius dicam,

    Cic. Rosc. Com. 14, 43:

    distinguere,

    Quint. 3, 6, 45.— Sup.:

    istius injurias quam apertissime vobis planissimeque explicare,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 64, 156:

    aliquid apertissime ostendere,

    Quint. 5, 12, 11.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > aperio

  • 16 aperte

    ăpĕrĭo, ĕrŭi, ertum, 4, v. a. ( fut. aperibo, Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 50; Pompon. ap. Non. p. 506, 30) [ab-pario, to get from, take away from, i.e. to uncover, like the opp. operio, from obpario, to get for, to put upon, i. e. to cover; this is the old explanation, and is received by Corssen, Ausspr. I. p. 653; II. p. 410, and by Vanicek, p. 503], to uncover, make or lay bare.
    I.
    Lit.:

    patinas,

    Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 51: apertae surae, Turp. ap. Non. p. 236, 16:

    apertis lateribus,

    Sisenn. ib. p. 236, 26:

    capite aperto esse,

    Varr. ib. p. 236, 25;

    p. 236, 28: ut corporis partes quaedam aperiantur,

    Cic. Off. 1, 35, 129:

    caput aperuit,

    id. Phil. 2, 31; Sall. H. Fragm. ap. Non. p. 236, 20:

    capita,

    Plin. 28, 6, 17, § 60:

    aperto pectore,

    Ov. M. 2, 339; and poet. transf. to the person:

    apertae pectora matres,

    id. ib. 13, 688:

    ramum,

    Verg. A. 6, 406 al. — Trop., to make visible, to show, reveal, Liv. 22, 6:

    dispulsā nebulā diem aperuit,

    id. 26, 17 (cf. just before:

    densa nebula campos circa intexit): dies faciem victoriae,

    Tac. Agr. 38:

    lux aperuit bellum ducemque belli,

    Liv. 3, 15:

    novam aciem dies aperuit,

    Tac. H. 4, 29:

    his unda dehiscens Terram aperit,

    opens to view, Verg. A. 1, 107.—From the intermediate idea of making visible,
    II.
    Metaph.
    A.
    1.. To unclose, open: aperto ex ostio Alti Acheruntis, Poët. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 16, 37:

    aperite aliquis ostium,

    Ter. Ad. 4, 4, 26; so id. Heaut. 2, 3, 35:

    forem aperi,

    id. Ad. 2, 1, 13:

    fores,

    id. Eun. 2, 2, 52; Ov. M. 10, 457; Suet. Aug. 82:

    januas carceris,

    Vulg. Act. 5, 19:

    fenestram,

    ib. Gen. 8, 6:

    liquidas vias,

    to open the liquid way, Lucr. 1, 373; so Verg. A. 11, 884:

    sucum venis fundere apertis,

    to pour out moisture from its open veins, Lucr. 5, 812:

    saccum,

    Vulg. Gen. 42, 27:

    os,

    ib. ib. 22, 28:

    labia, ib. Job, 11, 5: oculos,

    ib. Act. 9, 8:

    accepi fasciculum, in quo erat epistula Piliae: abstuli, aperui, legi,

    Cic. Att. 5, 11 fin.; so id. ib. 1, 13;

    6, 3: aperire librum,

    Vulg. Apoc. 5, 5; 20, 12:

    testamentum,

    Plin. 7, 52, 53, § 177 (cf.:

    testamentum resignare,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 9); Suet. Caes. 83; id. Aug. 17:

    sigillum aperire,

    to break, Vulg. Apoc. 6, 3 al.:

    ferro iter aperiundum est,

    Sall. C. 58, 7:

    locum... asylum,

    to make it an asylum, Liv. 1, 8:

    subterraneos specus,

    Tac. G. 16:

    navigantibus maria,

    Plin. 2, 47, 47, § 122:

    arbor florem aperit,

    id. 12, 11, 23, § 40 et saep.: aperire parietem, to open a wall, in order to put a door or window in it, Dig. 8, 2, 40: alicui oculos aperire, to give sight to (after the Heb.), Vulg. Joan. 9, 10; 9, 14 al.; so,

    aures aperire,

    to restore hearing to, ib. Marc. 7, 35.—
    2.
    Trop.:

    nec ita claudenda est res familiaris, ut eam benignitas aperire non possit,

    Cic. Off. 2, 15, 54: amicitiae fores. id. Fam. 13, 10:

    multus apertus cursus ad laudem,

    id. Phil. 14, 6 fin.:

    tibi virtus tua reditum ad tuos aperuit,

    id. Fam. 6, 11:

    philosophiae fontes,

    id. Tusc. 1, 3, 6; id. Mil. 31, 85 et saep.: alicujus oculos aperire, to open one's eyes, make him discern (after the Heb.), Vulg. Gen. 3, 5; 3, 7; ib. Act. 26, 18; so,

    alicujus cor aperire,

    ib. ib. 16, 14: ventus [p. 136] incendio viam aperuit, Liv. 6, 2:

    occasionem ad invadendum,

    id. 4, 53; so id. 9, 27: si hanc fenestram aperueritis (i.e. if you enter upon the way of complaint), nihil aliud agi sinetis, Suet. Tib. 28 (cf. Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 72:

    Quantam fenestram ad nequitiem patefeceris!): quia aperuisset gentibus ostium fidei,

    Vulg. Act. 14, 27; ib. Col. 4, 3.— So of the new year, to open it, i.e. begin:

    annum,

    Verg. G. 1, 217:

    contigit ergo privatis aperire annum (since the consul entered upon his office the first of January),

    Plin. Pan. 58, 4 Gierig and Schaef.—So also of a school, to establish, set up, begin, or open it:

    Dionysius tyrannus Corinthi dicitur ludum aperuisse,

    Cic. Fam. 9, 18; so Suet. Gram. 16; id. Rhet. 4.— Poet.:

    fuste aperire caput,

    i.e. to cleave, split the head, Juv. 9, 98.—
    B.
    Aperire locum (populum, gentes, etc.), to lay open a place, people, etc., i.e. to open an entrance to, render accessible (cf. patefacio);

    most freq. in the histt., esp. in Tacitus: qui aperuerint armis orbem terrarum,

    Liv. 42, 52; 42, 4:

    Syriam,

    Tac. A. 2, 70:

    omnes terras fortibus viris natura aperuit,

    id. H. 4, 64:

    novas gentes,

    id. Agr. 22:

    gentes ac reges,

    id. G. 1:

    Britanniam tamdiu clausam aperit,

    Mel. 3, 6, 4; Luc. 1, 465 Cort.:

    Eoas,

    id. 4, 352:

    pelagus,

    Val. Fl. 1, 169.—
    C.
    Transf. to mental objects, to disclose something unknown, to unveil, reveal, make known, unfold, to prove, demonstrate; or gen. to explain, recount, etc.:

    occulta quaedam et quasi involuta aperiri,

    Cic. Fin. 1, 9, 30:

    explicanda est saepe verbis mens nostra de quāque re atque involutae rei notitia definiendo aperienda est,

    id. Or. 33, 116:

    alicui scripturas aperire,

    Vulg. Luc. 24, 32:

    tua probra aperibo omnia,

    Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 50: ne exspectetis argumentum fabulae;

    hi partem aperient,

    Ter. Ad. prol. 23:

    non quo aperiret sententiam suam, sed etc.,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 18, 84:

    eo praesente conjurationem aperit,

    Sall. C. 40, 6:

    naturam et mores,

    id. ib. 53 fin.; so id. ib. 45, 1; 47, 1; id. J. 33, 4:

    lux fugam hostium aperuit,

    Liv. 27, 2:

    aperiri error poterat,

    id. 26, 10:

    casus aperire futuros,

    to disclose the future, Ov. M. 15, 559:

    futura aperit,

    Tac. H. 2, 4.—So also, se aperire or aperiri, to reveal one's true disposition, character:

    tum coacti necessario se aperiunt,

    show themselves in their true light, Ter. And. 4, 1, 8:

    studio aperimur in ipso,

    Ov. A. A. 3, 371:

    exspectandum, dum se ipsa res aperiret,

    Nep. Paus. 3, 7; Quint. prooem. § 3.—Sometimes constr. with acc. and inf., a rel.-clause, or de:

    cum jam directae in se prorae hostes appropinquare aperuissent,

    Liv. 44, 28:

    domino navis, quis sit, aperit,

    Nep. Them. 8, 6; so id. Eum. 13, 3: de clementiā, Auct. ad Her. 2, 31.—In a gen. sense (freq. in epistt.) in Cic. Att. 5, 1, 2: de Oppio factum est, ut volui, et maxime, quod DCCC. aperuisti, you promised, i.e. that it should be paid to him (= ostendisti te daturum, Manut.); cf.

    the more definite expression: de Oppio bene curāsti, quod ei DCCC. exposuisti,

    id. ib. 5, 4, 3.—Hence, ăpertus, a, um, P. a.; pr., opened; hence, open, free.
    A.
    Lit.
    1.
    Without covering, open, uncovered (opp. tectus):

    naves apertae,

    without deck, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 40; Liv. 31, 22 fin.; cf. id. 32, 21, 14: centum tectae naves et quinquaginta leviores apertae, et saep.; v. navis.—Also, without covering or defence, unprotected, exposed:

    locus,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 84.— Poet., of the sky, clear, cloudless:

    caelo invectus aperto,

    Verg. A. 1, 155:

    aether,

    id. ib. 1, 587:

    aperta serena prospicere,

    id. G. 1, 393.—
    2.
    Unclosed, open, not shut (opp. clausus):

    Janua cum per se transpectum praebet apertum,

    since this affords an open view through it, Lucr. 4, 272:

    oculi,

    id. 4, 339:

    oculorum lumine aperto,

    id. 4, 1139 et saep.:

    nihil tam clausum, neque tam reconditum, quod non istius cupiditati apertissimum promptissimumque esset,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 20:

    caelum patens atque apertum,

    id. Div. 1, 1 (diff. from 1.); so Ov. M. 6, 693:

    vidit caelos apertos,

    Vulg. Marc. 1, 10:

    apertus et propatulus locus,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 49:

    iter,

    Liv. 31, 2:

    apertior aditus ad moenia,

    id. 9, 28:

    campi,

    id. 38, 3:

    per apertum limitem (viae),

    Tac. H. 3, 21; Ov. M. 1, 285:

    fenestrae,

    Vulg. Dan. 6, 10:

    ostia,

    ib. ib. 13, 39:

    aequor,

    Ov. M. 4, 527; so id. ib. 8, 165; 11, 555 et saep. — Poet., of a battle: nec aperti copia Martis Ulla fuit, an action in the open field, Ov. M. 13, 208.—Very freq. ăpertum, subst., that which is open, free; an open, clear space:

    in aperto,

    Lucr. 3, 604:

    per apertum fugientes,

    Hor. C, 3, 12, 10:

    impetum ex aperto facerent,

    Liv. 35, 5:

    castra in aperto posita,

    id. 1, 33; so id. 22, 4:

    volantem in aperto,

    Plin. 10, 8, 9, § 22:

    in aperta prodeunt,

    id. 8, 32, 50, § 117:

    disjecit naves in aperta Oceani,

    Tac. A. 2, 23.—
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    a.. Opp. to that which is concealed, covered, dark, open, clear, plain, evident, manifest, unobstructed:

    nam nihil aegrius est quam res secernere apertas ab dubiis,

    nothing is, indeed, more difficult than to separate things that are evident from those that are doubtful, Lucr. 4, 467; so id. 4, 596; 1, 915; 5, 1062:

    cum illum ex occultis insidiis in apertum latrocinium conjecimus,

    Cic. Cat. 2, 1:

    simultates partim obscurae, partim apertae,

    id. Manil. 24:

    quid enim potest esse tam apertum tamque perspicuum?

    id. N. D. 2, 2, 4:

    quid rem apertam suspectam facimus?

    Liv. 41, 24:

    non furtim, sed vi aperta,

    id. 25, 24:

    apertus animi motus,

    Quint. 10, 3, 21:

    invidia in occulto, adulatio in aperto,

    Tac. H. 4, 4 et saep.—So, in rhet., of clear, intelligible discourse:

    multo apertius ad intellegendum est, si, etc.... apertam enim narrationem tam esse oportet quam, etc.,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 80, 328; cf. id. Inv. 1, 20.—Hence,
    b.
    Esp. as subst.: in aperto esse,
    (α).
    To be clear, evident, well known, notorious, en tôi phanerôi einai:

    ad cognoscendum omnia illustria magis magisque in aperto,

    Sall. J. 5, 3.—
    (β).
    To be easily practicable, easy, facile (the figure taken from an open field or space):

    agere memoratu digna pronum magisque in aperto erat,

    there was a greater inclination and a more open way to, Tac. Agr. 1:

    hostes aggredi in aperto foret,

    id. H. 3, 56:

    vota virtusque in aperto omniaque prona victoribus,

    id. Agr. 33.—
    2.
    Of character, without dissimulation, open, frank, candid:

    animus apertus et simplex,

    Cic. Fam. 1, 9; id. Off. 3, 13, 57:

    pectus,

    id. Lael. 26, 97. —Hence, ironically: ut semper fuit apertissimus, as he has always been very open, frank (for impudent, shameless), Cic. Mur. 35.—Hence, ăpertē, adv., openly, clearly, plainly.
    I.
    In gen.:

    tam aperte irridens,

    Ter. Phorm. 5, 8, 62:

    ab illo aperte tecte quicquid est datum, libenter accepi,

    Cic. Att. 1, 14, 4; id. Or. 12, 38; id. Am. 18, 67:

    cum Fidenae aperte descissent,

    Liv. 1, 27:

    aperte quod venale habet ostendit,

    Hor. S. 1, 2, 83:

    aperte revelari,

    Vulg. 1 Reg. 2, 27:

    non jam secretis colloquiis, sed aperte fremere,

    Tac. A. 11, 28:

    aperte adulari,

    Cic. Am. 26, 99:

    aperte mentiri,

    id. Ac. 2, 6, 18:

    aperte pugnare, id. ap. Aquil. Rom. 10: aperte immundus est,

    Vulg. Lev. 13, 26.— Comp.:

    cum ipsum dolorem hic tulit paulo apertius,

    Cic. Planc. 34; id. Att. 16, 3, 5; Curt. 6, 1, 11:

    ab his proconsuli venenum inter epulas datum est apertius quam ut fallerent,

    Tac. A. 13, 1.— Sup.:

    hinc empta apertissime praetura,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 100:

    equite Romano per te apertissime interfecto,

    id. Har. Resp. 30:

    largiri,

    id. ib. 56:

    praedari,

    id. Verr. 1, 130.—
    II.
    Esp. of what is set forth in words or writing, plainly, clearly, freely, without reserve:

    nempe ergo aperte vis quae restant me loqui?

    Ter. And. 1, 2, 24; id. Phorm. 4, 3, 49:

    aperte indicat (lex) posse rationem habere non praesentis,

    Cic. ad Brut. 1, 5, 3:

    Non tu istuc mihi dictura aperte es, quicquid est?

    Ter. Eun. 5, 1, 3:

    narrare,

    id. Heaut. 4, 3, 24:

    scribere,

    Cic. Fam. 5, 7, 3; Quint. 1, 5, 43.— Comp.:

    Planius atque apertius dicam,

    Cic. Rosc. Com. 14, 43:

    distinguere,

    Quint. 3, 6, 45.— Sup.:

    istius injurias quam apertissime vobis planissimeque explicare,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 64, 156:

    aliquid apertissime ostendere,

    Quint. 5, 12, 11.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > aperte

  • 17 audio

    audĭo, īvi or ii, itum, 4, v. a. ( imperf. audibat, Ov F. 3, 507: audibant. Cat. 84, 8; fut. audibo, Enn. ap. Non. p. 506, 1:

    audibis,

    id. ib.; Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 86; id. Poen. 1, 2, 97; Caecil. ap. Gell. 7, 17 fin.; id. ap. Non. l. l.; cf. Struve, p. 137 sq.: audin = audisne, as ain = aisne; inf. perf. audīsse better than audivisse, acc. to Quint. 1, 6, 17) (cf. the Lacon. aus = hous; auris; Lith. ausis; Goth. auso; Germ. Ohr, and Engl ears [p. 202] the Fr. ouïr, and Lat. ausculto; Curtius also compares the Gr. aïô, to hear, perceive, and the Sanscr. av, to notice, to favor; v. ausculto, 1. aveo init., and cf. Varr. L. L. 6, § 83 Müll.], to hear, to perceive or understand by hearing, to learn (audio pr. differs from ausculto as the Gr. akouô from akroaomai, the Germ. hören from horchen, and the Engl. to hear from to listen, the former of these words denoting an involuntary, the latter a voluntary act; other syn.: exaudio, sentio, cognosco, oboedio, dicor).
    I.
    A.. In gen.
    a.
    Aliquid:

    auribus si parum audies terito cum vino brassicam, etc.,

    Cato, R. R. 157 fin.:

    ubi molarum strepitum audibis maximum, Enn. ap. Non. l. l. (Com. v. 7 Vahl. p. 153): verba,

    Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 97; Vulg. Gen. 24, 30:

    quae vera audivi, taceo,

    Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 23:

    Mane, non dum audīsti, Demea, Quod est gravissumum,

    id. Ad. 3, 4, 21:

    vocem,

    id. Hec. 4, 1, 2:

    vera an falsa,

    id. And. 5, 4, 19:

    mixtos vagitibus aegris Ploratus,

    Lucr. 2, 579:

    voces,

    Verg. A. 4, 439; Hor. C. 3, 7, 22; Vulg. Gen. 3, 8; ib. Matt. 2, 18:

    strepitus,

    Verg. A. 9, 394:

    sonitum,

    Hor. C. 2, 1, 31:

    haec,

    id. ib. 3, 27, 51:

    aquas,

    Ov. Am. 3, 11, 30:

    gemitus,

    id. M. 7, 839; Vulg. Exod. 2, 24: ait se omnia audivisse, Titinn. ap. Macr. S. 2, 12:

    ut quod te audīsse dicis numquam audieris,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 70, 285:

    Nihil enim habeo praeter auditum,

    id. Off. 1, 10, 33:

    quod quisque eorum de quāque re audierit,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 5:

    Hac auditā pugnā maxima pars sese Crasso dedidit,

    id. ib. 3, 27:

    Auditis hostium copiis respicerent suum ipsi exercitum,

    Liv. 42, 52, 10:

    quod cum audīsset Abram,

    Vulg. Gen. 14, 14:

    auditis sermonibus,

    ib. 4 Reg. 22, 19; ib. Heb. 4, 3: clangorem tubae, ib:

    Isa. 18, 3: symphoniam,

    ib. Luc. 15, 25:

    animal,

    ib. Apoc. 6, 3; 6, 5 al. persaep.
    b.
    Constr., the person from whom one hears or learns any thing, with ex (so most freq.), ab, de, acc. and part., acc. and inf., cum or dum.
    (α).
    With ex:

    verbum ex aliquo,

    Ter. Heaut. 5, 4, 8; so id. And. 2, 1, 2; 5, 4, 24; id. Eun. 1, 2, 34; id. Hec. 4, 1, 35; id. And. 3, 3, 2:

    audivi ex majoribus natu hoc idem fuisse in P. Scipione Nasicā,

    Cic. Off. 1, 30, 109:

    hoc ex aliis,

    id. Att. 5, 17:

    ex obviis,

    Liv. 28, 26; so Suet. Caes. 29; id. Dom. 12 al.. saepe audivi ex majoribus natu mirari solitum C. Fabricium etc., Cic. Sen. 13, 43; so Suet. Claud. 15.—
    (β).
    With ab:

    a quibus cum audi/sset non multum superesse munitionis,

    Nep. Them. 7, 2.—
    (γ).
    With de:

    equidem saepe hoc audivi de patre et de socero meo,

    i. e. from his mouth, Cic. de Or. 3, 33, 133; so id. Off. 3, 19, 77; id. Brut. 26, 100.—
    (δ).
    With acc. and part. pres. (cf. Zumpt, Gr. §

    636): ut neque eum querentem quisquam audierit neque etc.,

    Nep. Timol. 4, 1; so Suet. Calig. 22; Cat. 9, 6; 61, 125; 67, 41 al.—
    (ε).
    With acc. and inf.:

    mihi non credo, quom illaec autumare illum audio,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 260:

    Audin (eum) lapidem quaeritare?

    id. Capt. 3, 4, 70:

    erilem filium ejus duxisse audio Uxorem,

    Ter. Phorm. 1, 1, 5; 2, 1, 59:

    saepe hoc majores natu dicere audivi,

    Cic. Mur. 28:

    Gellius audierat patruom objurgare solere,

    Cat. 74, 1; Verg. A. 1, 20; 4, 562:

    audiet cives acuisse ferrum, Audiet pugnas juventus,

    Hor. C. 1, 2, 21 sq.:

    audire videor pios Errare per lucos,

    id. ib. 3, 4, 5. —Hence also pass. with nom. and inf. (cf. Zumpt, Gr. §

    607): Bibulus nondum audiebatur esse in Syriā,

    was said, Cic. Att. 5, 18; so Caes. B. G. 7, 79.—
    (ζ).
    With cum or dum (cf. Zumpt, Gr. §

    749): id quidem saepe ex eo audivi, cum diceret sibi certum esse,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 33, 144:

    quis umquam audivit, cum ego de me nisi coactus ac necessario dicerem?

    id. Dom. 35; so id. Brut. 56; id. Fin. 5, 19, 54; id. de Or. 1, 28, 129; 1, 2, 99; Plin. Ep. 7, 24, 5:

    auditus est certe, dum ex eo quaerit,

    Suet. Dom. 4. —Diff. from the preced. constr. with de is audire de aliquo (aliquid); more freq. in pass. sense, to hear any thing concerning any one:

    de psaltriā hac audivit,

    Ter. Ad. 3, 4, 5:

    illos etiam convenire aveo, de quibus audivi et legi,

    Cic. Sen. 23, 83; so id. Att. 7, 20; id. Ac. 2, 2, 4; cf.:

    aliquid in aliquem,

    to hear something against, something bad of any one, id. de Or. 2, 70, 285 al. —
    B.
    In conversation.
    (α).
    Audi, as a call to gain attention, hear, attend, give ear, listen, = hoc age:

    audi cetera,

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 127:

    audi heus tu,

    id. ib. 4, 3, 52:

    Dorio, audi, obsecro,

    Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 1: Hoc audi, id. And. 3, 4, 11;

    4, 1, 36: Quin tu audi,

    Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 42:

    quin tu hoc audi,

    Ter. And. 2, 2, 9.—
    (β).
    Audis or audin = audisne? do you hear? atque audin? Plaut. Trin. 3, 3, 70:

    Equidem deciens dixi: Et domi [nunc] sum ego, inquam, ecquid audis?

    id. Am. 2, 1, 27; id. Trin. 3, 2, 91:

    Heus, audin quid ait? Quin fugis?

    id. Capt. 3, 4, 60:

    cura adversandum atque audin? quadrupedem constringito,

    Ter. And. 5, 2, 24; 1, 5, 64:

    Audin tu? Hic furti se adligat,

    id. Eun. 4, 7, 39:

    Audin quid dicam?

    id. Hec. 1, 2, 3.—
    c.
    Audito, with a clause for its subject, as abl. absol. in the histt., upon the receipt of the news that, at the tidings that: audito, Q. Marcium in Ciliciam tendere, when news came that Q. Marcius etc., Sall. H. Fragm. ap. Prisc. p. 1130 P.:

    audito Machanidam famā adventūs sui territum refugisse Lacedaemonem,

    Liv. 28, 7:

    audito venisse missu Agrippinae nuntium Agerinum,

    Tac. A. 14, 7.—
    II.
    Esp.,
    A.
    1.. In a pregnant signif., to listen to a person or thing, to give ear to, hearken to, attend:

    etsi a vobis sic audior, ut numquam benignius neque attentius quemquam auditum putem,

    Cic. Clu. 23, 63; so id. de Or. 1, 61, 259:

    sed non eis animis audiebantur, qui doceri possent,

    Liv. 42, 48; 1, 32; 5, 6:

    ut legationes audiret cubans,

    Suet. Vesp. 24; id. Caes. 32; id. Ner. 22; 23; Vulg. Job. 11, 2; ib. Psa. 33, 12; ib. Matt. 10, 14; ib. Heb. 3, 7 al.—
    2.
    Aliquem, of pupils, to hear a teacher, i. e. to receive instruction from, to study under:

    te, Marce fili, annum jam audientem Cratippum,

    Cic. Off. 1, 1, 1:

    Jam Polemonem audiverant adsidue Zeno et Arcesilas,

    id. Ac. 1, 9, 34; so id. N. D. 1, 14, 37; 3, 1, 2; id. Fat. 2, 4:

    Diogenes venientem eum, ut se extra ordinem audiret, non admiserat,

    Suet. Tib. 32; id. Gram. 10, 20 al.— Absol.: possumne aliquid audire? (i. e. will you communicate something to me?) tu vero, inquam, vel audire vel dicere, Cic. Fat. 2, 3:

    ponere aliquid, ad quod audiam, volo,

    id. ib. 2, 4.—
    3.
    De aliquā re or aliquid, aliquem, of judges, to listen or hearken to, to examine:

    nemo illorum judicum clarissimis viris accusantibus audiendum sibi de ambitu putavit,

    Cic. Fl. 39, 98:

    de capite,

    Sen. Ben. 2, 12 al. — Trop.:

    de pace,

    Liv. 27, 30:

    dolos,

    Verg. A. 6, 567:

    nequissimum servum,

    Suet. Dom. 11; so id. Aug. 93; id. Tib. 73; id. Claud. 15; id. Dom. 14; 16; Dig. 11, 3, 14 fin.; 28, 6, 10; 39, 2, 18 et saep.—
    4.
    Of prayer or entreaty, to hear, listen to, lend an ear to, regard, grant:

    in quo di immortales meas preces audiverunt,

    Cic. Pis. 19:

    Curio ubi... neque cohortationes suas neque preces audiri intellegit,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 42:

    velut si sensisset auditas preces,

    Liv. 1, 12:

    audivit orationem eorum,

    Vulg. Psa. 105, 44:

    audisti verba oris mei,

    ib. ib. 137, 1:

    Audiat aversā non meus aure deus,

    Tib. 3, 3, 28:

    audiit et caeli Genitor de parte serenā Intonuit laevum,

    Verg. A. 9, 630:

    minus audientem carmina Vestam,

    Hor. C. 1, 2, 27; 4, 13, 1:

    audivit Dominus,

    Vulg. Psa. 29, 11 al. —Also aliquem, to hear one, to grant his desire or prayer:

    puellas ter vocata audis,

    Hor. C. 3, 22, 3; so id. C. S. 34; 35:

    Ferreus orantem nequiquam, janitor, audis,

    Ov. Am. 1, 6, 27; id. M. 8, 598 al.:

    Audi nos, domine,

    Vulg. Gen. 23, 6; 23, 8:

    semper me audis,

    ib. Joan. 11, 42.—
    B.
    Aliquem, aliquid, or absol. audio, to hear a person or thing with approbation, to assent to, agree with, approve, grant, allow:

    nec Homerum audio, qui Ganymeden ab dis raptum ait, etc.,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 26, 65:

    Socratem audio dicentem cibi condimentum esse famem, sed qui ad voluptatem omnia referens vivit ut Gallonius, non audio,

    id. Fin. 2, 28, 90; id. de Or. 1, 15, 68; 3, 28, 83; id. Marcell. 8, 25: audio ( I grant it, well, that I agree to, that is granted):

    nunc dicis aliquid, quod ad rem pertineat,

    id. Rosc. Am. 18 fin.; id. Verr. 2, 2, 59; 2, 5, 27:

    non audio,

    that I do not grant, id. ib. 2, 3, 34.—
    C.
    To hear, to listen to, to obey, heed; orig. and class. only with acc., but also with dat.—
    a.
    With acc.:

    tecum loquere, te adhibe in consilium, te audi, tibi obtempera,

    Cic. Fam. 2, 7, 2; id. N. D. 1, 20, 55:

    ne ego sapientiam istam, quamvis sit erudita, non audiam,

    id. Phil. 13, 3, 6:

    si me audiatis, priusquam dedantur, etc.,

    Liv. 9, 9:

    Non, si me satis audias, Speres etc.,

    Hor. C.1, 13, 13; 4, 14, 50; id. Ep. 1, 1, 48:

    patris aut matris imperium,

    Vulg. Deut. 21, 18 al. — Poet. transf. to inanimate things:

    neque audit currus habenas,

    heeds, Verg. G. 1, 514; so Claud. Cons. Mall. Theod. 187 (cf. Hor. Ep. 1, 15, 13: equi frenato est auris in ore; and Pind. Pyth. 2, 21: harmata peisichalina):

    nec minus incerta (sagitta) est, nec quae magis audiat arcum,

    which better heeds the bow, Ov. M. 5, 382:

    teque languenti manu Non audit arcus?

    Sen. Herc. Oet. 980; so Stat. Th. 5, 412; Luc. 3, 594; 9, 931; Sil. 14, 392.—
    b.
    With dat.: nam istis qui linguam avium intellegunt, magis audiendum censeo, Pac. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 57, 131 (B. and K. isti):

    sibi audire,

    App. Mag. p. 326, 34; so, dicto audientem esse, to listen to one's word, to be obedient to one's word, to obey (not in Ter.):

    dicto sum audiens,

    I obey, Plaut. Pers. 3, 1, 71; id. Trin. 4, 3, 55; id. As. 3, 1, 40; id. Men. 2, 3, 89:

    qui dicto audientes in tantā re non fuisset,

    Cic. Deiot. 8, 23 ' sunt illi quidem dicto audientes, id. Verr. 1, 88:

    quos dicto audientes jussi,

    id. ib. 5, 104.—And, on account of the signif. to obey, with a second personal dat.: dicto audientem esse alicui, to obey one (freq. and class.); cf.

    Stallb. ad Rudd. Gr. II. p. 124, n. 38: vilicus domino dicto audiens sit,

    Cato, R. R. 142: si habes, qui te audiat;

    si potest tibi dicto audiens esse quisquam,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 44; 2, 4. 12; 2, 5, 32; id. Phil. 7, 2:

    dicto audiens fuit jussis absentium magistratuum,

    Nep. Ages. 4, 2; id. Lys. 1, 2; id. Iphicr. 2, 1:

    interim Servio Tullio jubere populum dicto audientem esse,

    Liv. 1, 41; 4, 26; 29, 20;

    41, 10 al.—Once pleon. with oboedio: ne plebs nobis dicto audiens atque oboediens sit,

    Liv. 5, 3.—
    D.
    To hear thus and thus, i. e. to be named or styled somehow (as in Gr. akouô; and in Engl. to hear, as Milton: Or hear'st thou rather pure ethereal stream, P. L. III. 7); and with bene or male (as in Gr. kalôs or kakôs akouein; cf. Milton: For which Britain hears ill abroad, Areop.; and Spenser: If old Aveugles sonnes so evil hear, F. Q. I. 5, 23), to be in good or bad repute, to be praised or blamed, to have a good or bad character:

    benedictis si certāsset, audīsset bene (Bene audire est bene dici, laudari, Don.),

    Ter. Phorm. prol. 20:

    tu recte vivis, si curas esse quod audis,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 17:

    rexque paterque Audisti coram,

    id. ib. 1, 7, 38; so id. S. 2, 6, 20; Ter. Hec. 4, 2, 24; id. Phorm. 2, 3, 12; Cic. Att. 6, 1; id. Fin. 3, 17, 57; id. Leg. 1, 19; Nep. Dion, 7, 3:

    Ille, qui jejunus a quibusdam et aridus habetur, non aliter ab ipsis inimicis male audire quam nimiis floribus et ingenii afluentia potuit,

    Quint. 12, 10, 13 al. —In a play upon words: erat surdaster M. Crassus;

    sed aliud molestius quod male audiebat,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 40, 116; so,

    minus commode: quod illorum culpā se minus commode audire arbitrarentur,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 58.—
    E.
    As it were to hear, to hear mentally, i. e. to understand, to supply, something (later subaudio): cum subtractum verbum aliquod satis ex ceteris intellegitur, ut, stupere gaudio Graecus. Simul enim auditur coepit, is understood, is to be supplied, Quint. 9, 3, 58; 8, 5, 12.—Hence, audĭens, entis, P. a. subst.
    A.
    (Acc. to II. A.) A hearer, auditor ( = auditor, q. v., or qui audit, Cic. Brut. 80, 276)' ad animos audientium permovendos, Cic. Brut. 23, 89; 80, 279:

    cum adsensu audientium egit,

    Liv. 21, 10 al. —Hence, in eccl. Lat., a catechumen, Tert. Poen. 6.—
    B.
    (Acc. to II. C.) With the gen.: tibi servio atque audiens sum imperii, a hearer of, i. e. obedient to, your command, Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 25.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > audio

  • 18 cohaerens

    cŏ-haerĕo, haesi, haesum, 2, v. n., to cling together, to be united, either of that whose parts cling together, to cohere, or of that which cleaves to something else, to adhere.
    I.
    Of a whole as composed of parts, or of the parts of a whole, to cling together, be united, to cohere, press or crowd together.
    A.
    Lit.
    1.
    In gen.:

    mundus ita apte cohaeret, ut dissolvi nullo modo queat, nisi ab eodem a quo est colligatus,

    Cic. Univ. 5:

    omnia autem duo ad cohaerendum tertium aliquid anquirunt et quasi nodum vinculumque desiderant,

    id. ib. 4:

    neque enim materiam ipsam cohaerere potuisse, si nullā vi contineretur,

    id. Ac. 1, 6, 24:

    omni naturā cohaerente et continuatā,

    id. ib. 1, 7, 28:

    nec res ulla magis primoribus ex elementis Indupedita suis arte conexa cohaeret Quam validi ferri natura,

    Lucr. 6, 1010:

    solidā primordia... Quae minimis stipata cohaerent partibus arte,

    id. 1, 610; 2, 67:

    inter se juga velut serie cohaerentia,

    continuous, Curt. 7, 3, 21.—Of persons in a throng, etc.:

    alii extremo complexu suorum cohaerentes,

    Quint. 8, 3, 68;

    so of soldiers in line of battle: conferti et quasi cohaerentes tela vibrare non poterant,

    Curt. 3, 11, 4;

    and of two contending armies: duae quippe acies ita cohaerebant, ut armis arma pulsarent,

    id. 3, 11, 5;

    of ships: binas quadriremes Macedones inter se ita junxerant, ut prorae cohaererent,

    id. 4, 3, 14: conexis et cohaerentibus aedificiis, * Tac. G. 16.—
    2.
    Pregn., to consist in or of, be composed of; with abl. (rare):

    cum alia quibus cohaererent homines e mortali genere sumpserint, quae fragilia essent et caduca, animum esse ingeneratum a deo,

    Cic. Leg. 1, 8, 24; cf.: mundus omnibus partibus inter se congruentibus cohaeret et nititur, etc., Cic. Leg. ap. Lact. 5, 8, 10.—
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    Of persons united by kindred, friendship, etc., to be near, close, united:

    turpes ac perniciosos, etiamsi nobis sanguine cohaereant, amputandos,

    Quint. 8, 3, 75:

    est enim mihi perjucundum quod viri optimi mihique amicissimi adeo cohaesistis ut invicem vos obligari putetis,

    Plin. Ep. 7, 7, 1.—
    2.
    Of things.
    a.
    In discourse, to belong together, be closely connected:

    quae... si suis quaeque temporibus reddere voluero, interrumpendae sunt res Asiae, quas... sicut inter se cohaerent, ita opere ipso conjungi aptius videri potest,

    Curt. 5, 1, 2.—
    b.
    In thought, to be consistent, agree together:

    em, Paululum obsoni, ipsus tristis, de inproviso nuptiae—Non cohaerent,

    i.e. cannot all be here at once, Ter. And. 2, 2, 24:

    tam eras excors, ut... non modo non cohaerentia inter se diceres, sed maxime dijuncta atque contraria,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 8, 18:

    dubitandum non est quin numquam possit utilitas cum honestate contendere. Itaque accepimus Socratem exsecrari solitum eos qui primum haec naturā cohaerentia opinione distraxissent,

    id. Off. 3, 3, 11:

    non quaero jam, verumne sit: illud dico, ea, quae dicat, praeclare inter se cohaerere,

    id. Fin. 5, 27, 79:

    animadvertisti, quam multa dicta sint, quamque, etiam si minus vera, tamen apta inter se et cohaerentia,

    id. N. D. 3, 1, 4:

    male cohaerens cogitatio,

    Quint. 10, 6, 6:

    sensus inter se juncti, atque ita cohaerentes, ne, etc.,

    id. 7, 10, 16; 9, 4, 20; 9, 4, 63:

    sermo hercule familiaris et cottidianus non cohaerebit, si verba inter nos aucupamur,

    have a consistent meaning, be intelligible, Cic. Caecin. 18, 52:

    vix diserti adulescentis cohaerebat oratio,

    id. Cael. 7, 15; and of harmony in the arrangement of words: conlocabuntur igitur verba, ut aut inter se aptissime cohaereant extrema cum primis eaque sint quam suavissimis vocibus, etc., id. Or. 44, 149:

    haec collocatio verborum... quae junctam orationem efficit, quae cohaerentem, etc.,

    id. de Or. 3, 43, 172; Quint. 9, 4, 66.—
    3.
    Pregn., to hold together, i.e. remain, exist, maintain itself:

    omnibus modis fulciendi sunt, qui ruunt nec cohaerere possunt propter magnitudinem aegritudinis,

    Cic. Tusc. 3, 25, 61:

    virtutes sine vitā beatā cohaerere non possunt, nec sine virtute vita beata,

    id. ib. 5, 28, 80:

    vix haec, si undique fulciamus, jam labefacta... nixa in omnium nostrum umeris cohaerebunt,

    id. Har. Resp. 27, 60.—
    II. A.
    Lit.
    1.
    With dat.:

    temptanti dextera flxa est Cuspide Marmaridae Corythi, lignoque cohaesit,

    Ov. M. 5, 125; 11, 76:

    nec equo mea membra cohaerent,

    id. Am. 1, 4, 9:

    scopuloque affixa cohaesit,

    id. M. 4, 553:

    fructus quamdiu solo cohaerent,

    Dig. 47, 2, 63:

    superficies... quae natura solo cohaeret,

    ib. 44, 7, 44, § 1 fin.:

    quippe turris... muris hostium propemodum cohaerebat,

    Curt. 4, 4, 11:

    experimentum marmorati est in subigendo donec rutro non cohaereat,

    Plin. 36, 23, 55, § 177:

    qui cohaerent Mesopotamiae Rhoali vocantur,

    adjoin, id. 5, 24, 21, § 87.—
    2.
    With cum and abl.:

    quidquid enim sequitur quamque rem, id cohaeret cum re necessario,

    Cic. Top. 12, 53.—
    3.
    With in and abl.:

    cohaerentis videmus in conchis (margaritas), etc.,

    Plin. 9, 35, 54, § 109.—
    4.
    Absol.:

    jamque ea (navis) quae non cohaerebat,

    i.e. which did not collide, Curt. 4, 4, 7.—
    B.
    Trop., to be closely connected with, in agreement or harmony with something else, to be consistent with:

    quod illa, quae prima dicuntur, si vehementer velis congruere et cohaerere cum causā, ex eis ducas oportet, quae post dicenda sunt,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 14, 19:

    si continget, etiam (id quod fingemus) verae alicui rei cohaereat,

    Quint. 4, 2, 89:

    ut non tamquam citharoedi prooemium adfictum aliquid, sed cohaerens cum omni corpore membrum videatur,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 80, 325:

    creditis tot gentes... non sacris, non moribus, non commercio linguae nobiscum cohaerentes, eodem proelio domitas esse, etc.,

    Curt. 6, 3, 8:

    potentia male cohaerens inter Pompeium et Caesarem,

    Vell. 2, 47, 2.—
    2.
    To be vitally connected with, to depend upon a thing; with abl.:

    sed ita legibus Sullae cohaerere statum civitatis adfirmat, ut iis solutis stare ipsa non possit,

    Quint. 11, 1, 85.—Hence,
    1.
    cŏhae-rens, entis, P. a. (cohering, i.e.), being in accord, corresponding:

    aptius et cohaerentius,

    Gell. 1, 1, 6.—
    * 2.
    cŏhaerenter, adv., continuously, uninterruptedly:

    dimicatum est,

    Flor. 2, 17, 5.—
    3.
    cŏhaesus, a, um. P. a., pressed together:

    quercus stricta denuo et cohaesa,

    Gell. 15, 16, 4.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > cohaerens

  • 19 cohaereo

    cŏ-haerĕo, haesi, haesum, 2, v. n., to cling together, to be united, either of that whose parts cling together, to cohere, or of that which cleaves to something else, to adhere.
    I.
    Of a whole as composed of parts, or of the parts of a whole, to cling together, be united, to cohere, press or crowd together.
    A.
    Lit.
    1.
    In gen.:

    mundus ita apte cohaeret, ut dissolvi nullo modo queat, nisi ab eodem a quo est colligatus,

    Cic. Univ. 5:

    omnia autem duo ad cohaerendum tertium aliquid anquirunt et quasi nodum vinculumque desiderant,

    id. ib. 4:

    neque enim materiam ipsam cohaerere potuisse, si nullā vi contineretur,

    id. Ac. 1, 6, 24:

    omni naturā cohaerente et continuatā,

    id. ib. 1, 7, 28:

    nec res ulla magis primoribus ex elementis Indupedita suis arte conexa cohaeret Quam validi ferri natura,

    Lucr. 6, 1010:

    solidā primordia... Quae minimis stipata cohaerent partibus arte,

    id. 1, 610; 2, 67:

    inter se juga velut serie cohaerentia,

    continuous, Curt. 7, 3, 21.—Of persons in a throng, etc.:

    alii extremo complexu suorum cohaerentes,

    Quint. 8, 3, 68;

    so of soldiers in line of battle: conferti et quasi cohaerentes tela vibrare non poterant,

    Curt. 3, 11, 4;

    and of two contending armies: duae quippe acies ita cohaerebant, ut armis arma pulsarent,

    id. 3, 11, 5;

    of ships: binas quadriremes Macedones inter se ita junxerant, ut prorae cohaererent,

    id. 4, 3, 14: conexis et cohaerentibus aedificiis, * Tac. G. 16.—
    2.
    Pregn., to consist in or of, be composed of; with abl. (rare):

    cum alia quibus cohaererent homines e mortali genere sumpserint, quae fragilia essent et caduca, animum esse ingeneratum a deo,

    Cic. Leg. 1, 8, 24; cf.: mundus omnibus partibus inter se congruentibus cohaeret et nititur, etc., Cic. Leg. ap. Lact. 5, 8, 10.—
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    Of persons united by kindred, friendship, etc., to be near, close, united:

    turpes ac perniciosos, etiamsi nobis sanguine cohaereant, amputandos,

    Quint. 8, 3, 75:

    est enim mihi perjucundum quod viri optimi mihique amicissimi adeo cohaesistis ut invicem vos obligari putetis,

    Plin. Ep. 7, 7, 1.—
    2.
    Of things.
    a.
    In discourse, to belong together, be closely connected:

    quae... si suis quaeque temporibus reddere voluero, interrumpendae sunt res Asiae, quas... sicut inter se cohaerent, ita opere ipso conjungi aptius videri potest,

    Curt. 5, 1, 2.—
    b.
    In thought, to be consistent, agree together:

    em, Paululum obsoni, ipsus tristis, de inproviso nuptiae—Non cohaerent,

    i.e. cannot all be here at once, Ter. And. 2, 2, 24:

    tam eras excors, ut... non modo non cohaerentia inter se diceres, sed maxime dijuncta atque contraria,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 8, 18:

    dubitandum non est quin numquam possit utilitas cum honestate contendere. Itaque accepimus Socratem exsecrari solitum eos qui primum haec naturā cohaerentia opinione distraxissent,

    id. Off. 3, 3, 11:

    non quaero jam, verumne sit: illud dico, ea, quae dicat, praeclare inter se cohaerere,

    id. Fin. 5, 27, 79:

    animadvertisti, quam multa dicta sint, quamque, etiam si minus vera, tamen apta inter se et cohaerentia,

    id. N. D. 3, 1, 4:

    male cohaerens cogitatio,

    Quint. 10, 6, 6:

    sensus inter se juncti, atque ita cohaerentes, ne, etc.,

    id. 7, 10, 16; 9, 4, 20; 9, 4, 63:

    sermo hercule familiaris et cottidianus non cohaerebit, si verba inter nos aucupamur,

    have a consistent meaning, be intelligible, Cic. Caecin. 18, 52:

    vix diserti adulescentis cohaerebat oratio,

    id. Cael. 7, 15; and of harmony in the arrangement of words: conlocabuntur igitur verba, ut aut inter se aptissime cohaereant extrema cum primis eaque sint quam suavissimis vocibus, etc., id. Or. 44, 149:

    haec collocatio verborum... quae junctam orationem efficit, quae cohaerentem, etc.,

    id. de Or. 3, 43, 172; Quint. 9, 4, 66.—
    3.
    Pregn., to hold together, i.e. remain, exist, maintain itself:

    omnibus modis fulciendi sunt, qui ruunt nec cohaerere possunt propter magnitudinem aegritudinis,

    Cic. Tusc. 3, 25, 61:

    virtutes sine vitā beatā cohaerere non possunt, nec sine virtute vita beata,

    id. ib. 5, 28, 80:

    vix haec, si undique fulciamus, jam labefacta... nixa in omnium nostrum umeris cohaerebunt,

    id. Har. Resp. 27, 60.—
    II. A.
    Lit.
    1.
    With dat.:

    temptanti dextera flxa est Cuspide Marmaridae Corythi, lignoque cohaesit,

    Ov. M. 5, 125; 11, 76:

    nec equo mea membra cohaerent,

    id. Am. 1, 4, 9:

    scopuloque affixa cohaesit,

    id. M. 4, 553:

    fructus quamdiu solo cohaerent,

    Dig. 47, 2, 63:

    superficies... quae natura solo cohaeret,

    ib. 44, 7, 44, § 1 fin.:

    quippe turris... muris hostium propemodum cohaerebat,

    Curt. 4, 4, 11:

    experimentum marmorati est in subigendo donec rutro non cohaereat,

    Plin. 36, 23, 55, § 177:

    qui cohaerent Mesopotamiae Rhoali vocantur,

    adjoin, id. 5, 24, 21, § 87.—
    2.
    With cum and abl.:

    quidquid enim sequitur quamque rem, id cohaeret cum re necessario,

    Cic. Top. 12, 53.—
    3.
    With in and abl.:

    cohaerentis videmus in conchis (margaritas), etc.,

    Plin. 9, 35, 54, § 109.—
    4.
    Absol.:

    jamque ea (navis) quae non cohaerebat,

    i.e. which did not collide, Curt. 4, 4, 7.—
    B.
    Trop., to be closely connected with, in agreement or harmony with something else, to be consistent with:

    quod illa, quae prima dicuntur, si vehementer velis congruere et cohaerere cum causā, ex eis ducas oportet, quae post dicenda sunt,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 14, 19:

    si continget, etiam (id quod fingemus) verae alicui rei cohaereat,

    Quint. 4, 2, 89:

    ut non tamquam citharoedi prooemium adfictum aliquid, sed cohaerens cum omni corpore membrum videatur,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 80, 325:

    creditis tot gentes... non sacris, non moribus, non commercio linguae nobiscum cohaerentes, eodem proelio domitas esse, etc.,

    Curt. 6, 3, 8:

    potentia male cohaerens inter Pompeium et Caesarem,

    Vell. 2, 47, 2.—
    2.
    To be vitally connected with, to depend upon a thing; with abl.:

    sed ita legibus Sullae cohaerere statum civitatis adfirmat, ut iis solutis stare ipsa non possit,

    Quint. 11, 1, 85.—Hence,
    1.
    cŏhae-rens, entis, P. a. (cohering, i.e.), being in accord, corresponding:

    aptius et cohaerentius,

    Gell. 1, 1, 6.—
    * 2.
    cŏhaerenter, adv., continuously, uninterruptedly:

    dimicatum est,

    Flor. 2, 17, 5.—
    3.
    cŏhaesus, a, um. P. a., pressed together:

    quercus stricta denuo et cohaesa,

    Gell. 15, 16, 4.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > cohaereo

  • 20 committo

    com-mitto ( con-m-), mīsi, missum, 3, v. a.
    I.
    Of two or more objects, to bring, join, combine into one whole; to join or put together, to connect, unite.
    A.
    In gen. (rare; not in Cic.), constr. inter se, cum aliquā re, alicui, with in and acc., and with acc. only.
    (α).
    Inter se:

    res in ordinem digestae atque inter se commissae,

    Quint. 7, prooem. §

    1: per nondum commissa inter se munimenta urbem intravit,

    Liv. 38, 4, 8; cf. thus with inter se:

    oras vulneris suturis,

    Cels. 7, 19:

    duo verba,

    Quint. 9, 4, 33:

    easdem litteras,

    id. ib.:

    duo comparativa,

    id. 9, 3, 19.—
    (β).
    With cum:

    costae committuntur cum osse pectoris,

    Cels. 8, 1.—
    (γ).
    With dat.:

    viam a Placentiā ut Flaminiae committeret,

    Liv. 39, 2, 10:

    quā naris fronti committitur,

    is joined to, Ov. M. 12, 315:

    quā vir equo commissus erat,

    id. ib. 12, 478 (of a Centaur); cf.

    of Scylla: delphinum caudas utero commissa luporum,

    Verg. A. 3, 428:

    commissa dextera dextrae,

    Ov. H. 2, 31:

    medulla spinae commissa cerebro,

    Cels. 8, 1:

    moles, quae urbem continenti committeret,

    Curt. 4, 2, 16; Flor. 1, 4, 2 Duker.—
    (δ).
    With in and acc.:

    commissa in unum crura,

    Ov. M. 4, 580:

    committuntur suturae in unguem,

    Cels. 8, 1.—
    (ε).
    With acc. only: barbaricam pestem navibus obtulit, commissam infabre, Pac. ap. Non. p. 40, 31 (Trag. Rel. v. 271 Rib.):

    commissis operibus,

    Liv. 38, 7, 10:

    fidibusque mei commissa mariti moenia,

    Ov. M. 6, 178:

    (terra) maria committeret,

    Curt. 3, 1, 13; 7, 7, 14:

    noctes duas,

    Ov. Am. 1, 13, 46; cf.: nocte commissā. Sen. Herc. Oet. 1698:

    commissa corpore toto,

    Ov. M. 4, 369; Lucil. ap. Non. p. 248, 25: cervix committitur primo [p. 380] artu, Val. Fl. 4, 310:

    domus plumbo commissa,

    patched, Juv. 14, 310.—
    B.
    In partic., to set or bring men or animals together in a contest or fight, as competitors, etc., to set together, set on (freq. in Suet.;

    elsewhere rare): pugiles Latinos cum Graecis,

    Suet. Aug. 45:

    quingenis peditibus, elephantis vicenis, tricenis equitibus hinc et inde commissis,

    id. Caes. 39; id. Claud. 34:

    camelorum quadrigas,

    id. Ner. 11; Luc. 1, 97:

    victores committe,

    Mart. 8, 43, 3; cf. id. Spect. 28, 1:

    licet Aenean Rutulumque ferocem Committas,

    i.e. you describe their contest in your poem, you bring them in contact with each other, Juv. 1, 162:

    eunucho Bromium committere noli,

    id. 6, 378:

    inter se omnes,

    Suet. Calig. 56:

    aequales inter se,

    id. Gram. 17.—
    b.
    Trop., to bring together for comparison, to compare, put together, match:

    committit vates et comparat, inde Maronem, Atque aliā parte in trutinā suspendit Homerum,

    Juv. 6, 436; cf. Prop. 2, 3, 21; Mart. 7, 24, 1.—
    2.
    Transf., of a battle, war: proelium, certamen, bellum, etc.
    a.
    To arrange a battle or contest, to enter upon, engage in, begin, join, commence, Cic. Div. 1, 35, 77:

    proelii committendi signum dare,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 21:

    cum proelium commissum audissent,

    id. ib. 7, 62:

    commisso ab equitibus proelio,

    id. B. C. 1, 40:

    in aciem exercitum eduxit proeliumque commisit,

    Nep. Eum. 3 fin.; id. Hann. 11, 3; id. Milt. 6, 3; Just. 2, 12, 7; 15, 4, 22; 22, 6, 6:

    postquam eo ventum est, ut a ferentariis proelium committi posset,

    Sall. C. 60, 2:

    commisso proelio, diutius nostrorum militum impetum hostes ferre non potuerunt,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 35; id. B. C. 1, 13; 2, 6 Kraner ad loc.:

    Caesar cohortatus suos proelium commisit,

    id. ib. 1, 25:

    utrum proelium committi ex usu esset, necne,

    id. ib. 1, 50; 1, 52; 2, 19; Nep. Milt. 5, 3:

    pridie quam Siciliensem pugnam classe committeret,

    Suet. Aug. 96:

    avidus committere pugnam,

    Sil. 8, 619:

    pugnas,

    Stat. Th. 6, 143:

    rixae committendae causā,

    Liv. 5, 25, 2:

    cum vates monere eum (regem) coepit, ne committeret, aut certe differret obsidionem,

    Curt. 9, 4, 27.—Of a drinking contest for a wager:

    a summo septenis cyathis committe hos ludos,

    Plaut. Pers. 5, 1, 19:

    nondum commisso spectaculo,

    Liv. 2, 36, 1:

    musicum agona,

    Suet. Ner. 23:

    aciem,

    Flor. 4, 2, 46:

    commissum (bellum) ac profligatum conficere,

    Liv. 21, 40, 11; 8, 25, 5; 31, 28, 1 al.; cf.:

    si quis trium temporum momenta consideret, primo commissum bellum, profligatum secundo, tertio vero confectum est,

    Flor. 2, 15, 2:

    committere Martem,

    Sil. 13, 155:

    quo die ludi committebantur,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 4, 6:

    ludos dedicationis,

    Suet. Claud. 21:

    ludos,

    Verg. A. 5, 113.—
    b.
    In gen., to maintain a contest, etc., to fight a battle, to hold, celebrate games, etc. (rare):

    illam pugnam navalem... mediocri certamine commissam arbitraris?

    Cic. Mur. 15, 33:

    levia inde proelia per quatriduum commissa,

    Liv. 34, 37, 7:

    commisso modico certamine,

    id. 23, 44, 5.—
    (β).
    Absol. (post-Aug. and rare):

    contra quem Sulla iterum commisit,

    Eutr. 5, 6; 9, 24; Dig. 9, 1, 1:

    priusquam committeretur,

    before the contest began, Suet. Vesp. 5.—
    3.
    In gen.: committere aliquid, to begin any course of action, to undertake, carry on, hold (rare):

    tribuni sanguine commissa proscriptio,

    Vell. 2, 64 fin.:

    judicium inter sicarios committitur,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 5, 11. —In part. perf.:

    egregie ad ultimum in audacter commisso perseveravit,

    Liv. 44, 4, 11; cf. id. ib. § 8; 44, 6, 14.—
    4.
    In partic., to practise or perpetrate wrong, do injustice; to commit a crime (very freq. and class.).
    (α).
    With acc.:

    ut neque timeant, qui nihil commiserint, et poenam semper ante oculos versari putent, qui peccaverint,

    Cic. Mil. 23, 61; cf. Quint. 7, 2, 30:

    commississe cavet quod mox mutare laboret,

    Hor. A. P. 168:

    ego etiam quae tu sine Verre commisisti, Verri crimini daturus sum,

    Cic. Div. in Caecil. 11, 35:

    quantum flagitii,

    id. Brut. 61, 219:

    tantum facinus,

    id. Rosc. Am. 23, 65:

    virilis audaciae facinora,

    Sall. C. 25, 1:

    majus delictum,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 4:

    nil nefandum,

    Ov. M. 9, 626:

    nefarias res,

    Cic. Phil. 6, 1, 2:

    scelus,

    id. Sull. 2, 6; Dig. 48, 9, 7:

    adulterium,

    Quint. 7, 2, 11; 7, 3, 1:

    incestum cum filio,

    id. 5, 10, 19:

    parricidium,

    id. 7, 2, 2:

    caedem,

    id. 7, 4, 43; 10, 1, 12; 5, 12, 3:

    sacrilegium,

    id. 7, 2, 18:

    fraudem,

    Hor. C. 1, 28, 31.— Aliquid adversus, in, erga:

    committere multa et in deos et in homines impie nefarieque,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 2, § 6; cf.:

    in te,

    Verg. A. 1, 231:

    aliquid adversus populum Romanum,

    Liv. 42, 38, 3:

    aliquid erga te,

    Cic. Att. 3, 20, 3.—
    (β).
    Committere contra legem, in legem, lege, to offend, sin, commit an offence:

    quasi committeret contra legem,

    Cic. Brut. 12, 48:

    in legem Juliam de adulteriis,

    Dig. 48, 5, 39; 48, 10, 13:

    adversus testamentum,

    ib. 34, 3, 8, § 2:

    ne lege censoriā committant,

    Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 16:

    lege de sicariis,

    Quint. 7, 1, 9. —
    (γ).
    Absol.:

    hoc si in posterum edixisses, minus esset nefarium... nemo enim committeret,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 43, § 110.—
    (δ).
    With ut, to be guilty or be in fault, so that, to give occasion or cause, that, to act so as that:

    id me commissurum ut patiar fieri,

    Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 78:

    non committet hodie iterum ut vapulet,

    Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 5:

    ego nolo quemquam civem committere, ut morte multandus sit: tu, etiam si commiserit, conservandum putas,

    Cic. Phil. 8, 5, 15:

    committere ut accusator nominere,

    id. Off. 2, 14, 50; so Liv. 25, 6, 17:

    non committam, ut tibi ipse insanire videar,

    Cic. Fam. 5, 5, 3; 3, 7, 3; id. Att. 1, 6, 1; 1, 20, 3; id. de Or. 2, 57, 233; id. Off. 3, 2, 6; Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 20, 1, Quint. 1, 10, 30; 5, 13, 27; Cic. Leg. 1, 13, 37.—More rare in a like sense,
    (ε).
    With cur or quare:

    Caedicius negare se commissurum, cur sibi quisquam imperium finiret,

    Liv. 5, 46, 6:

    neque commissum a se, quare timeret,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 14.—
    (ζ).
    With inf.:

    non committunt scamna facere,

    Col. 2, 4, 3:

    infelix committit saepe repelli,

    Ov. M. 9, 632.—
    b.
    Poenam, multam, etc., jurid. t. t., to bring punishment upon one ' s self by an error or fault, to incur, make one ' s self liable to it:

    poenam,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 12, § 30; cf. Quint. 7, 4, 20; and:

    committere in poenam edicti,

    Dig. 2, 2, 4:

    ut illam multam non commiserit,

    Cic. Clu. 37, 103; Dig. 35, 1, 6 pr.—
    (β).
    Committi, with a definite object, to be forfeited or confiscated, as a penalty:

    hereditas Veneri Erycinae commissa,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 10, § 27; 2, 2, 14, § 36; so,

    commissae hypothecae,

    id. Fam. 13, 56, 2:

    commissa tibi fiducia,

    id. Fl. 21, 51:

    merces,

    Dig. 39, 4, 11, § 2:

    mancipium,

    ib. 39, 14, 6:

    praedia in publicum,

    ib. 3, 5, 12:

    hanc devotionem capitis esse commissam,

    incurred, Cic. Dom. 57, 145.—
    c.
    Also (mostly in jurid. Lat.) of laws, judicial regulations, promises, etc., that become binding in consequence of the fulfilment of a condition as the commission of a crime, etc.:

    in civitatem obligatam sponsione commissa iratis omnibus diis,

    a promise the condition of which has been fulfilled, Liv. 9, 11, 10 Weissenb. ad loc.; cf.:

    hanc ego devotionem capitis mei... convictam esse et commissam putabo,

    Cic. Dom. 57, 145:

    si alius committat edictum,

    transgresses, incurs its penalty, makes himself liable to, Dig. 37, 4, 3, § 11; cf.:

    commisso edicto ab alio filio, ib. lex 8, § 4: commisso per alium edicto, ib. lex 10, § 1 al.: statim atque commissa lex est,

    ib. 18, 3, 4, § 2:

    committetur stipulatio,

    ib. 24, 3, 56.
    II.
    To place a thing somewhere for preservation, protection, care, etc.; to give, intrust, commit to, to give up or resign to, to trust (syn.: commendo, trado, credo; very freq. and class.); constr. with aliquid ( aliquem) alicui, in aliquid, or absol.
    (α).
    Aliquid ( aliquem, se) alicui:

    honor non solum datus sed etiam creditus ac commissus,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 14, § 35:

    nec illi (Catoni) committendum illud negotium, sed inponendum putaverunt,

    id. Sest. 28, 60:

    qui capita vestra non dubitatis credere, cui calceandos nemo commisit pedes?

    Phaedr. 1, 14, 16:

    ego me tuae commendo et committo fidei,

    Ter. Eun. 5, 2, 47 (cf. id. And. 1, 5, 61):

    ne quid committam tibi,

    Plaut. Most. 3, 3, 21; Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 15; id. And. 3, 5, 3; cf.:

    his salutem nostram, his fortunas, his liberos rectissime committi arbitramur,

    Cic. Off. 2, 9, 33; id. Att. 1, 13, 1; cf. id. ib. §

    4: tibi rem magnam,

    id. Fam. 13, 5, 1; id. Mil. 25, 68:

    quia commissi sunt eis magistratus,

    id. Planc. 25, 61:

    summum imperium potestatemque omnium rerum alicui,

    Nep. Lys. 1 fin.:

    domino rem omnem,

    Hor. S. 2, 7, 67:

    caput tonsori,

    id. A. P. 301:

    ratem pelago,

    id. C. 1, 3, 11:

    sulcis semina (corresp. with spem credere terrae),

    Verg. G. 1, 223; cf.:

    committere semen sitienti solo,

    Col. 2, 8, 4:

    ulcus frigori,

    Cels. 6, 18, n. 2:

    aliquid litteris,

    Cic. Att. 4, 1, 8; so,

    verba tabellis,

    Ov. M. 9, 587:

    vivunt commissi calores Aeoliae fidibus puellae,

    Hor. C. 4, 9, 11 al.:

    committere se populo, senatui, publicis praesidiis et armis (corresp. with se tradere),

    Cic. Mil. 23, 61; so,

    se urbi,

    id. Att. 15, 11, 1:

    se theatro populoque Romano,

    id. Sest. 54, 116:

    se proelio,

    Liv. 4, 59, 2:

    se pugnae,

    id. 5, 32, 4:

    se publico,

    to venture into the streets, Suet. Ner. 26:

    se neque navigationi, neque viae,

    Cic. Fam. 16, 8, 1; cf. id. Phil. 12, 10, 25; id. Imp. Pomp. 11, 31:

    se timidius fortunae,

    id. Att. 9, 6, 4:

    civilibus fluctibus,

    Nep. Att. 6, 1 al. —Prov.: ovem lupo (Gr. kataleipein oïn en lukoisi), Ter. Eun. 5, 1, 16.—
    (β).
    Aliquid ( aliquem, se) in aliquid (so esp. freq. in Liv.):

    aliquid in alicujus fidem committere,

    Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 34; cf. Liv. 30, 14, 4:

    se in id conclave,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 23, 64:

    se in conspectum populi Romani,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 11, § 26; cf. Pompei. ap. Cic. Att. 8, 12, C, 2:

    se in senatum,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 2, 2; id. Ac. 2, 21, 68:

    summae fuisse dementiae dubiā spe impulsum certum in periculum se committere,

    id. Inv. 2, 8, 27:

    rem in casum ancipitis eventus,

    Liv. 4, 27, 6; cf.:

    duos filios in aleam ejus casus,

    id. 40, 21, 6:

    rem in aciem,

    id. 3, 2, 12; cf.:

    se in aciem,

    id. 7, 26, 11; 23, 11, 10;

    rempublicam in discrimen,

    id. 8, 32, 4; cf.:

    rerum summam in discrimen,

    id. 33, 7, 10. —
    (γ).
    Simply alicui, or entirely absol.:

    sanan' es, Quae isti committas?

    in trusting to him, Plaut. Curc. 5, 2, 55:

    ei commisi et credidi, Ter, Heaut. 5, 2, 13: haec cum scirem et cogitarem, commisi tamen, judices, Heio,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 7, § 16:

    universo populo neque ipse committit neque illi horum consiliorum auctores committi recte putant posse,

    id. Agr. 2, 8, 20:

    venti, quibus necessario committendum existimabat,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 25:

    sed quoniam non es veritus concredere nobis, accipe commissae munera laetitiae,

    intrusted, Prop. 1, 10, 12:

    instant enim (adversarii) et saepe discrimen omne committunt, quod deesse nobis putant,

    often hazard the most important advantage, Quint. 6, 4, 17:

    cum senatus ei commiserit, ut videret, ne quid res publica detrimenti caperet,

    Cic. Mil. 26, 70.—With de:

    iste negat se de existimatione suā cuiquam nisi suis commissurum,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 60, § 137. —Hence, P. a. as subst.: commissum, i, n.
    A.
    (Acc. to I. 3.) An undertaking, enterprise:

    nec aliud restabat quam audacter commissum corrigere,

    Liv. 44, 4, 8:

    supererat nihil aliud in temere commisso, quam, etc.,

    id. 44, 6, 14.—
    B.
    (Acc. to I. 4.) A transgression, offence, fault, crime:

    sacrum,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 9, 22:

    nisi aut quid commissi aut est causa jurgi,

    Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 21:

    ecquod hujus factum aut commissum non dicam audacius, sed quod, etc.,

    Cic. Sull. 26, 72; cf.

    turpe,

    Hor. C. 3, 27, 39:

    commissi praemia,

    Ov. F. 4, 590.—In plur.:

    post mihi non simili poenā commissa luetis,

    offences, Verg. A. 1, 136; so,

    fateri,

    Stat. S. 5, 5, 5:

    improba,

    Claud. Rapt. Pros. 2, 304.—
    2.
    Jurid. Lat., an incurring of fines, a confiscation or confiscated property, Suet. Calig. 41:

    in commissum cadere,

    Dig. 39, 4, 16:

    causa commissi,

    ib. 39, 4, 16 al.; 19, 2, 61 fin.:

    aliquid pro commisso tenetur,

    Quint. Decl. 341.—
    C.
    (Acc. to II.) That which is intrusted, a secret, trust:

    enuntiare commissa,

    Cic. Tusc. 2, 13, 31:

    commissa celare,

    Nep. Epam. 3, 2; cf. Juv. 9, 93:

    commissa tacere,

    Hor. S. 1, 4, 84:

    prodere,

    id. ib. 1, 3, 95:

    retinent commissa fideliter aures,

    id. Ep. 1, 18, 70:

    commissum teges (corresp. with arcanum scrutaberis),

    id. ib. 1, 18, 38; cf. id. A. P. 200.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > committo

Страницы

См. также в других словарях:

  • necessario — /netʃe s:arjo/ [dal lat. necessarius, der. di necesse, agg. neutro, comp. di ne e cedĕre, propr. da cui non c è modo di ritirarsi ]. ■ agg. 1. a. [che deriva da determinate premesse o che non può non portare a determinati risultati: condizione,… …   Enciclopedia Italiana

  • necessário — adj. 1. Que é de necessidade. 2. Que não pode deixar de ser ou de se fazer. 3. Que é preciso; de que não se pode abdicar. = ESSENCIAL, IMPRESCINDÍVEL 4. Subsistente por si mesmo. ≠ CONTINGENTE • s. m. 5. Aquilo de que não se pode prescindir; o… …   Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa

  • necessario — ne·ces·sà·rio agg., s.m. FO 1a. agg., che è indispensabile, che rende possibile una determinata condizione; che serve, che è utile: il riposo è necessario al corpo, cibo necessario alla sussistenza; requisito necessario per uno scopo, attrezzi… …   Dizionario italiano

  • necessario — {{hw}}{{necessario}}{{/hw}}A agg. 1 Detto di ciò di cui non si può assolutamente fare a meno: cose necessarie alla vita, per vivere; SIN. Indispensabile; CONTR. Superfluo. 2 Che serve, è utile, occorre a qlcu. o qlco.: il tempo necessario per… …   Enciclopedia di italiano

  • nécessario — (né sè sa rio) adj. Terme de musique. Mot italien dont on se sert en musique dans le sens d obligé, dont on ne peut se passer. On emploie aussi obligé dans le même sens (voy. obligé). ÉTYMOLOGIE    Ital. necessario, du lat. necessarius …   Dictionnaire de la Langue Française d'Émile Littré

  • necessario — nécessaire фр. [нэсэсэ/р] necessario ит. [нэчэсса/рио] необходимый …   Словарь иностранных музыкальных терминов

  • necessario — pl.m. necessari sing.f. necessaria pl.f. necessarie …   Dizionario dei sinonimi e contrari

  • necessario — A agg. 1. indispensabile, essenziale, fondamentale, vitale, insopprimibile, inevitabile, inderogabile, obbligatorio, fatale, urgente CONTR. superfluo, secondario, accessorio, contingente □ facoltativo, opzionale 2. utile, occorrente, doveroso,… …   Sinonimi e Contrari. Terza edizione

  • Quem compra o supérfluo, vende o necessário — Quem compra o supérfluo, vende o necessário. (SP) …   Provérbios Brasileiras

  • lex judicat de rebus necessario faciendis quasi re ipsa factis — /leks juwdakat diy riybas nesaseriyow faes(h)iyencbs kweysay riy ipsa faektas/ The law judges of things which must necessarily be done as if actually done …   Black's law dictionary

  • lex judicat de rebus necessario faciendis quasi re ipsa factis — /leks juwdakat diy riybas nesaseriyow faes(h)iyencbs kweysay riy ipsa faektas/ The law judges of things which must necessarily be done as if actually done …   Black's law dictionary

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