μαρᾶναι

μαραίνω

quench: aor inf act (epic doric aeolic)

μαραίνω

quench: aor inf act (epic doric aeolic)

μαρά̱ναῑ, μαραίνω

quench: aor opt act 3rd sg (epic doric aeolic)

τλάω, never found in [tense] pres. (exc. in very late writers, as Tz.H. 9.133), this tense being supplied by the [tense] pf. τέτλαμεν, etc., or by τολμάω: [tense] fut.

A

τλήσομαι Il.11.317

, A.Ag. 1290; [dialect] Aeol. and [dialect] Dor.

τλάσομαι Sapph.75

, Pi.P.3.41; later [tense] fut.

ταλάσσω Lyc.746

: [dialect] Ep. [tense] aor. 1.

ἐτάλασσα Il.17.166

; subj.

ταλάσσω 13.829

, 15.164 (an [tense] aor. [voice] Med. ταλάσσατο, Opp.C.3.155); inf.

τελάσσαι Hsch.

(cf. τελα-μών): but the usu. [tense] aor. was ἔτλην, Il.18.433, etc., [dialect] Ep.

τλῆν 5.385

, al., [dialect] Dor.

ἔτλᾱν A.Ag. 224

(lyr.), etc.; [ per.] 3pl.

ἔτλησαν E.Supp. 171

, [dialect] Dor.

ἔτλᾱσαν S.Ph. 1201

(lyr.), [dialect] Ep.

ἔτλᾰν Il.21.608

, Simon.107.7 (= IG7.53); imper.

τλῆθι Thgn.1237

, Orac. ap. Hdt.5.56, S.Ph. 475, etc., [dialect] Dor.

τλᾶθι Pi.P.4.276

; [ per.] 2sg. subj.

τλῇς A.Supp. 428

(lyr.); opt. τλαίην, [ per.] 3pl.

τλαῖεν Il.17.490

; inf.

τλῆναι A.Pr. 704

, [dialect] Ep.

τλήμεναι Theoc.25.174

; part. τλάς, τλᾶσα, A.Ag. 1453 (lyr.), Ch. 753, S.OC 1077 (lyr.): [tense] pf. τέτληκα, in [ per.] 2sg., Il.1.228, 543, Ar.Pl. 280, Th. 544, [ per.] 3sg., Od.19.347; in shorter forms with [tense] pres. sense, [dialect] Ep. [ per.] 1pl.

τέτλαμεν 20.311

; imper.

τέτλᾰθι Il.5.382

,

τετλάτω Od.16.275

; opt.

τετλαίην Il.9.373

; [dialect] Ep. inf.

τετλάμεναι Od.13.307

,

τετλάμεν 6.190

,

τετλάναι Metag.18

(hex.); [dialect] Ep. part. τετληώς, fem.

τετληυῖα Od.20.23

, masc. dat.

τετληότι 4.447

, al., pl.

τετληότες Il.5.873

,

- ῶτες Orph.A. 1350

: [tense] plpf.

ἐτέτλαμεν A.R. 1.807

:—poet. Verb, used by Isoc.4.96 (quoted by Arist.Rh. 1408b16), X.Cyr.3.1.3; but τολμάω is the common prose form (cf. τλήμων):

I suffer, undergo hardship, disgrace, etc. (never like φέρω, of bodily loads or burdens):

1 abs., hold out, endure, be patient, submit,

ἤτοι ἐγὼ μενέω καὶ τλήσομαι Il.11.317

, cf. 19.308;

ἔτι τλαίης ἐνιαυτόν Od.1.288

, cf. 2.219; esp. in imper.,

τέτλαθι, μῆτερ ἐμή, καὶ ἀνάσχεο Il. 1.586

;

τλῆτε, φίλοι 2.299

;

τέτλαθι δή, κραδίη Od.20.18

: so in inf.,

σὺ δὲ τετλάμεναι καὶ ἀνάγκῃ 13.307

: in part.,

τετληότι θυμῷ 4.447

, etc.;

κραδίη τετληυῖα 20.23

: sts. folld. by a relat. clause,

τλῆ μὲν Ἄρης, ὅτε μιν.. δῆσαν Il.5.385

, cf. 392;

δηρὸν ἐτέτλαμεν εἴ κε.. μεταστρέψωσι νόον A.R.

l.c.

2 c. acc. rei, ἔτλην ἀνέρος εὐνήν I submitted to be wedded to a man, Il.18.433;

ῥίγιστα.. τετληότες εἰμέν 5.873

; τλῆ δ' Ἀΐδης.. ὀϊστόν bore up under the wound from it, ib. 395;

ἔτλαν πένθος Pi.I.7(6).37

;

οἷα χρὴ πάθη τλῆναι πρὸς Ἥρας A. Pr. 704

, cf. Ag. 1453 (lyr.), Ch. 753, S.OC 1077 (lyr.), Tr.71, E.Hec. 1251.

II c. inf., dare or venture to do,

οὔτε λόχονδ' ἰέναι τέτληκας θυμῷ Il.1.228

, cf. 7.480, 21.150, etc.; bring oneself to do something contrary to one's feelings, whether good or bad, have the courage, hardihood, effrontery, cruelty, or the grace, charity, patience, to do anything, ἔστε δὴ πατρὶ ἔτλην γεγωνεῖν νυκτίφοιτα δείματα I took courage to.., A.Pr. 657;

ἔτλα θυτὴρ γενέσθαι θυγατρός Id.Ag. 224

(lyr.); ἔτλα.. φῶς ἀλλάξαι submitted to exchange.., S.Ant. 944 (lyr.); πῶς ἔτλης σὰς ὄψεις μαρᾶναι; how couldst thou quench thy orbs of sight? Id.OT 1327; οὐδ' ἔτλης.. ἐφυβρίσαι nor hadst thou the cruelty to.., Id.Aj. 1384; μὴ τλῇς με προδοῦναι be not so cruel as to forsake me, E.Alc. 275 (anap.); οὐ γὰρ ἂν τλαίην ἰδεῖν I could not bear to see, Ar.Nu. 119, cf. 1387 (lyr.), V. 1159, Pl. 280; so also in Il.24.35, 505, 519, Hes.Op. 718, Sapph.75, Pi.P.3.41, etc.

2 c. acc. rei, dare a thing, i.e. dare to do it,

ἄτλητα τλᾶσα A.Ag. 408

(lyr.).

3 c. part.,

τάδε τέτλαμεν εἰσορόωντες Od.20.311

(but in 5.362, Il.5.383 the part. is independent of the Verb), cf. Simon.85.14, A.Ag. 1041 (s. v.l.), Th. 756 (lyr.), S.El. 943. (Root τελᾰ- ([etym.] τᾰλᾰ- ) alternating with τλᾱ-: also in πολύ-τλας, τάλας, τάλαντον, τολμάω, τελαμών, Lat. tollo, OE. polian 'endure', etc.)

ὄψις, ἡ, gen. εως, [dialect] Ion. ιος, ([etym.] ὄπωπα):

I objective, aspect, appearance of a person or thing,

πατρὸς φίλου ὄψιν ἀτυχθείς Il.6.468

;

εἰσορόων ὄ. τ' ἀγαθὴν καὶ μῦθον ἀκούων 24.632

, cf. S.Ph. 1412 (anap.);

δῶρον, οὐ σπουδαῖον εἰς ὄ. Id.OC 577

; πλείω τὴν ὄ. παρείχετο made the appearance greater, Th.6.46;

ἀξιόλογον ὄ. παρέχεται τὸ δένδρος PCair.Zen. 157.4

(iii B. C.);

ὥστε ὄ. καλὴν φαίνεσθαι X.An.5.9.9

;

εἰκάζεσθαι ἀπὸ τῆς φανερᾶς ὄ. Th.1.10

;

τὴν ὄ. τοῦ σώματος προορᾶν Id.7.44

: the acc. is used abs., in appearance,

τῷ ὄψιν ἐειδόμενος Pi.N.10.15

;

στρογγύλος τὴν ὄ. Hermipp.4

;

ἀστειότατον τὴν ὄ. Alex.59

; καλός τε κἀγαθὸς τὴν ὄ. Pl.Prm. 127b; ἀπὸ τῆς ὄ. Ἑλληνικός to judge from his looks, Antiph. 33.2; so

ἐκ τῆς ὄ. POxy. 37 ii 3

(i A. D.).

b countenance, face, E. Med. 905, Pl.Phdr. 240d, 254b, etc.; διοίδησις ὅλης ὄ. Herod.Med. in Rh.Mus.58.83, cf. Sor.1.44, Philum. ap. Aët.9.7; οὐκ ἄξιον ἀπ' ὄψεως οὔτε φιλεῖν οὔτε μισεῖν οὐδένα by the face or look merely, Lys.16.19; ἀδήλως τῇ ὄ. πλασάμενος so that nothing could be learnt from his countenance, Th.6.58;

τίνι δεδούλωταί ποτε; ὄψει Men.541.2

: pl., Alex.98.6, Anaxandr.41.38.

c visual impression or image of an object, Pl.Tht. 193c.

2 thing seen, sight,

φοβερὰν ὄ. προσιδέσθαι A.Pers.48

(anap.), cf. Supp. 567 (lyr.);

ὁρῶ Πυλάδην.., ἡδεῖαν ὄ. E.Or. 727

, cf. Pl.Lg. 887d, etc.; ἄλλην ὄ. οἰκοδομημάτων other architectural sights, Hdt.2.136; τὰ δὲ χρήματα.. ἔστιν ὄψις mere outside show, Antiph.33.2;

πολλὴν ὄ. παρασχόντα ἔπειτα μηδὲν ὠφελῆσαι Hp. Art.44

; of scenic representations, Arist.Po. 1453b1, al.; ὁ τῆς ὄ. κόσμος ib. 1449b33: pl., ib. 1462a16.

3 vision, apparition, Hdt.1.39, etc.;

ὄ. ἐν τῷ ὕπνῳ Id.3.30

, al.;

ὄ. ἐνυπνίου Id.8.54

;

ὄ. ὀνείρου Id.1.38

;

ὄ. ἔννυχοι A.Pr. 645

, cf. Ag. 425 (lyr.), S.El. 413, E.Hec.72 (lyr.), IG42(1).121.11 (Epid., iv B. C.), etc.

II subjective, power of sight or seeing, vision, ὄψει τινὰ ἰδεῖν, ἐσιδεῖν, Il.20.205, Od.25.94, cf. Heraclit.55, Democr.11, Emp.4.10, Th.7.75, etc.; τῆς ἐμῆς ὄ. Hdt.2.99, 147;

τῆς ὄ. στερηθῆναι Id.9.93

, etc.; οὐ τὸ δρασθὲν πιστότερον

ὄψει λαβόντες ἢ τὸ ἀκουσθέν Th.3.38

; οὐ καθορωμένους τῇ ὄ. νυκτὸς οὔσης ib. 112.

b act of seeing or looking,

ἡ εἰς τὸ ἄνω ὄ. Pl.Cra. 396b

; sense of sight, Arist.de An. 428a6, Mete. 369b9; τὰ διὰ τῆς ὄ., of pleasures, Id.EN 1118a3, etc.

c pl., organs of sight, eyes, ὄψεις μαρᾶναι to quench the orbs of sight, S.OT 1328, cf. Ant.52, Heraclit. 26;

τὸ κάλλος πάντων εἷλκε τὰς ὄ. ἐπ' αὐτόν X.Smp.1.9

; ἀσθενῖ ( = -εῖ) τὰς ὄ. POxy.911.6 (iii A. D.): so in sg., ἐστερήθη τῆς μιᾶς ὄ. Plb.3.79.12: sg. in collective sense, the eyes, [ ἰχθῦς] λευκὴν ἔχοντες τὴν ὄ. Arist. HA 602a11, cf. PA 656b29.

d Medic., iris of the eye, Hp.Prorrh. 2.19 (but eye-ball or eye, Id.Prog.7 (pl.)); also, pupil, Ruf.Onom. 23.

e of the visual rays which were supposed to proceed from the eyes, Pl.Ti. 45c, 46b, Arist.Mete. 343a13, 370a19: in other places Arist. controverted this Empedoclean theory, Sens. 437b14.

2 view, sight, ἀπικνέεσθαι ἐς ὄψιν τινί come into one's sight, i.e. presence, Hdt.1.136; εἰς ὄψιν τινὸς or τινὶ ἥκειν, μολεῖν, ἐλθεῖν, περᾶν, A.Ch. 215, Pers. 183, E.Med. 173 (anap.), Or. 513; καλέσαι τινὰ ἐς ὄ. Hdt.5.106; ἀποφαίνειν τί τινι ἐς ὄ. Id.4.81;

λυπηρὰς τῇ ὄ. ἀχθηδόνας προστιθέμενοι Th.2.37

;

ἐν ὄ. τοῦ δήμου Plu.TG12

; κατ' ὄψιν in person, ὡς ἐνετειλάμην σοι κατ' ὄ. as I enjoined you when with you, POxy.1154.4 (i A. D.), cf. 117.3 (ii/iii A. D.), etc.

b dignity, position,

κατὰ τὴν ἐμὴν ὄ. καὶ ὑπόλημψιν PLond.1.77.59

(vi A. D.); ἡ τῶν γονέων ἡμῶν προτεραία ὄ. PMasp. 2 iii6 (vi A. D.).

Grammatical information: v.

Meaning: `quench, destroy', Med.-Pass. `die away, wither' (Il.),

Other forms: aor. μαρᾶναι (h. Merc.; Zumbach Neuerungen 57), pass. μαρανθῆναι (Il.), perf. midd. μεμάρα(σ)μαι and fut. μαρανῶ (late).

Compounds: Also with ἀπο-, κατα-, προ-, ἐκ-.

Derivatives: μάρανσις `dying away, wither' (Arist.; Holt Les noms d'action en - σις 136 n. 1), μαρασμός `withering' with μαρασμώδης (Mediz.); μαραντικός `withering' (Phryn., Sch.).

Origin: XX [etym. unknown]

Etymology: The above forms, the nominal derivv. included, form a system built through analogy, which replaced an older set of primary formations. As example served denominatives with a comparable meaning like κηραίνω `damage, corrupt' or an oppositum like ἰαίνω, ἰᾶναι `refresh', for which we can suppose an old primary nasalpresent (cf. s. v.). For μαραίνω too a nasalpresent may have been the precursor; s. μάρναμαι with further connections; on this Schwyzer 693 and Fraenkel Denom. 23. Chantr. thinks that the root may be related to Lat. morior etc. -- A NGr. representative is μαραγγιάζω `flourish till the end, perish' (Hatzidakis Άθ. 43, 186f.).

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μαραίνω aor. 3 pl. ptc. ἐμάραναν Wsd 19:21, opt. 3 sg. μαράναι Job 15:30. Pass.: 1fut. μαρανθήσομαι; 1 aor. ἐμαράνθην; pf. ptc. μεμαραμμένος (B-D-F §72) (Hom. et al.; ins, pap, LXX; gener. ‘quench, destroy’) in our lit. only pass. in act. sense: to disappear gradually, die out, fade, disappear, wither of plants (schol. on Nicander, Ther. 677; Job 15:30; Wsd 2:8) ὡς μεμαραμμέναι as if withered Hs 9, 1, 7; cp. 9, 23, 1f. Of one’s spirit v 3, 11, 2 (cp. Appian, Bell. Civ. 5, 90 §379 μαραίνεσθαι of the πνεῦμα, wind=abate fully, die down; Jos., Ant. 11, 56; ApcSed 7:6 of beauty). Of Mary’s name τὸ ὄνομα αὐτῆς οὐ μαρανθήσεται εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα GJs 6:3 (codd. not Bodmer). Of pers. (Aristaen., Ep. 1, 10 μαραινόμενος τ. νοῦν), in gnomic statement: ὁ πλούσιος ἐν ταῖς πορείαις … μαρανθήσεται a rich person will wither away while trafficking Js 1:11 (s. the grave-inscription Sb 5199, 2 ἐμαράνθη; Jos., Bell. 6, 274 λιμῷ μαραινόμενοι; TestSim 3:3).—Mt 5:13 v.l.; Lk 14:34 v.l. (both for μωρανθῇ).—BHHW II 1144. DELG. M-M. TW. Spicq.