-
1 ἥρως
ἥρως, ὁ (also ἡ in signf. 111), gen. ἥρωος ( ἥρως codd. in Od.6.303, fort. leg. ἥρω?ἥρωςXος), IG22.1641.6 (iv B.C.), etc.; alsoAἥρω D.19.249
, IG2.1191 (iii B.C.), Paus.10.4.10: dat. ἥρωϊ, mostly in formἥρῳ Il.7.453
, Od.8.483, Pl.Com.174.18, Orac. ap. D.43.66: acc. , IG3.810 (ἥρω?ἥρωςXα Epigr.Gr.774
([place name] Priene)); usu. in formἥρω IG2.1058.25
(iv B.C.), Pl.R. 391d, A.R.2.766, etc., alsoἥρων Hdt.1.167
:—Plur., nom. ἥρωες ([pron. full] ω?ἥρωςX Pi.P.4.58), rarely [var] contr. ἥρως, as in Ar.Fr. 304: dat.ἥρωσιν A.Fr.55
, Ar.Av. 1485;ἡρώνεσσι Sophr.154
: acc. ἥρωας ([pron. full] ω?ἥρωςX Pi.P.1.53), rarely ἥρως, as in A.Ag. 516, Luc.Dem.Enc.4:— hero, ἥρωες Δαναοί, Ἀχαιοί, Il.2.110,19.34;στίχας ἀνδρῶν ἡρώων Od.1.101
; ἡρώων ἀγοράς, of the Phaeacians, 7.44;ἥρῳ Δημοδόκῳ 8.483
;οἱ ἡγεμόνες τῶν ἀρχαίων μόνοι ἦσαν ἥρωες, οἱ δὲ λαοὶ ἄνθρωποι Arist.Pr. 932b18
, but cf. Il. cc.3 heroes, as objects of worship,ἥ. ἀντίθεοι Pi.P.1.53
,4.58; ἥ. θεός, of Heracles, Id.N.3.22; but [Ἡρακλέϊ] τῷ μὲν ὡς Ὀλυμπίῳ θύουσι, τῷ δὲ ἑτέρῳ ὡς ἥρωι ἐναγίζουσι Hdt.2.44
; Σίσυφος ἥ. Thgn.711; twice in A., Ag. 516, Fr.55; once in E., Fr. 446(lyr.); ; esp. of local deities, founders of cities, patrons of tribes, etc., Hdt.1.168, Th.4.87, Pl.Lg.l.c., Arist.Pol. 1332b18, etc.; at Athens, ἥ. ἐπώνυμοι heroes after whom the φυλαί were named, Paus.1.5.1,2, cf. Hdt.5.66; of historical persons to whom divine honours were paid, as Brasidas at Amphipolis, Th.5.11, cf. Hdt.5.114,7.117: hence,= Lat. divus, ἥρωα ἀπεδείξατε [τὸν Αὔγουστον] D.C.56.41; also,= Lares, D.H.4.14; ὁ κατ' οἰκίαν ἥ.,= Lar familiaris, ib.2.II later,= μακαρίτης, deceased, Alciphr.3.37, Hld.7.13: pl., PMag.Par.1.1390: freq. in Inscrr.,ἥρως χρηστέ, χαῖρε IG9(2).806
, cf. 14.223, etc.; even of women, ib.9(2).961 ([place name] Larissa), al.; θεοῖς ἥρωσι,= Dis Manibus, ib.14.1795 ([place name] Rome), etc.; (Acraeph.).III ἥ. ποικίλος, = στιγματίας, Hsch., Phot.IV βοῦς ἥ., = ἡγεμών, IG22.1126.32.V v. Ἥρων. -
2 ἀ- (1)
ἀ-Grammatical information: pref.Meaning: privative prefix ( α στερητικόν);Other forms: antevocalic ἀν-.Origin: IE [Indo-European] [757] *n-Etymology: Through the loss of initial consonants (Ϝ-, σ-) the original distribution was disturbed: ἄισος (\< *ἀ-Ϝισος) beside newly made ἄνισος; this led a few times to analogical forms like ἄ-οζος beside original ἄν-οζος. In Myc. aupono \/Ahupnos\/, a proper name, the a- stands before h-; thus class. ἄυπνος. Also before o- the wau was originally retained: ἀόριστος. ἀ(ν)- was in Greek as elsewhere originally limited to verbal adjectives and Bahuvrīhis. Frisk Adj. priv. 4ff., 44ff., Subst. priv. 8ff., Wackernagel Syntax 2, 284ff., 1, 282f., Puhvel Lang. 29, 14ff., Moorhouse Studies Negatives (1959). In other languages e.g. Skt. a(n)-, Lat. in-, Germ., e.g. Goth. un-, PIE *n̥-. The sentence negative was *ne, in Lat. ne-scio, ne-fas etc. (not in νέποδες q.v.). Some formations may be inherited, as ἄν-υδρ-ος = Skt. an-udr-á-, ἄγνωτος = Skt. ájñāta-, Lat. ignotus. If the following word begins with laryngeal + cons., Greek gets νη-, νᾱ-, νω- as in νήγρετος, νωδός \< * n-h₁gr-, * n-h₃d-); these adjectives were again reshaped, as in ἀνώνυμος; Beekes, Lar. Greek. -- Supposed ἀνα- only in ἀνάεδος, ἀνά-ελπτος and ἀνάπνευστος (the last two are analogical, the first may stand for ἀν-εεδν-).Page in Frisk: 1,1Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀ- (1)
-
3 ἀλείτης
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `sinner' (Il.)Compounds: From the stem of the aorist ἀλιτό-ξενος `sinning against a guest' (Pi.), with metrical lengthening e. g. ἠλιτό-μηνος `missing the right month', i. e. `untimely born' (Il.). νηλείτιδες Od. to be read *νηλείτεες (Beekes, Lar. 108f, 289), cf. νηλείτης Antim. 177W; νηλείτης· ἀναμάρτητος LSJ Supp.; νηλιτέες· ἀναμάρτητοι, ἀναίτιοι, [ ἄχρηστοι] H. with νη- \< *n̥-h₂leit- (from * h₂leit-os n.?)Derivatives: With ablaut: ἀλοίτης `criminal' (Emp.); ἀλοιταί κοιναί, ἁμαρτωλαί, ποιναί H. ἀλοιτήεσσαν κοινήν, ἄνανδρον EM. - With zero grade: aor. ἤλιτον, pres. (sec.) ἀλιταίνω, `offend against, transgress' (Hom.). From ἀλιτεῖν: ἀλιτήμων `criminal' but also `cursed' (Il.). Further ἀλιτρός `sinner, rogue', also adj. (Hom.).Etymology: On the relation of the Greek forms s. Tichy, Glotta 55 (1977)160ff. The only cognate proposed is OHG leid, NHG Leid (* laiÞa-) `injustice'. The ablaut suggests an old IE form.Page in Frisk: 1,67Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀλείτης
-
4 ἀμνός
Grammatical information: m. f.Meaning: `lamb' (S.).Other forms: ἀμνόα πρόβατον, οἱ δε ἀμνός H., unreliable.Compounds: ἀμνοκῶν `stupid like a sheep' ( κοέω) Taillardat, Images 453. ? ἀμνοκόμος (Latte for - κόπος). ποιμήν H.Derivatives: Special feminine forms: ἀμνή, -ά (Cos etc..), ἀμνίς (Theoc.). Adj.: ἀμνεῖος (Theoc.); from there ἀμνεῖον, ἀμνίον, also - ός, `inner membrane surrounding the foetus' (Emp.).Origin: IE [Indo-European] [9] *h₂e\/ogʷno- `lamb'Etymology: Identical with Lat. agnus ( avillus). OIr. ūan with initial o- (* h₂o-), OCS agnę (with long vowel and acute from Winter's Law). However OE ēanian, Engl. yean, Dutch oonen from PGm. * aunōn seems to suppose - gʷʰ- (but there must be another solution). *o- from ovis? Schrijver Lar. Lat. 39, 438.Page in Frisk: 1,93-94Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀμνός
-
5 ἄρσην
ἄρσην, - ενοςGrammatical information: adj.Meaning: `male' (Il.).Etymology: With ἔρσην cf. Av. OPers. aršan- `man, male'; ἄρσην, ἄρρην will have zero grade, and is compared with Skt. r̥ṣa-bhá- `bull'. Doubtful is the connection with Skt. árṣati `flow'. Further there is Skt. vŕ̥ṣan- (to várṣati `rain'? s. on ἔρση, οὑρανός, οὑρέω); cf. Benveniste BSL 45, 100ff. - The difficulty is that an IE root cannot have vocalic anlaut; and h₁ would have given ἐ- throughout, and h₂ ἀ-. Therefore the word must have had Ϝ-; thus Peters, Lar. 9f. - Cf. ἀρνειός, ἀρνευτήρ.Page in Frisk: 1,152-153Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἄρσην
-
6 αὐδή
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `(human) voice, sound, speech' (Il.).Other forms: *οὐδήεσσα is a suggestion of Aristotle for αὐδ., meant as `ἐπίγειος'; Beekes, Die Spr. 18, 1972, 127f.Derivatives: αὐδήεις `with (human) voice' (Il.); denom. verb αὐδάω, aor. αὐδῆσαι `talk, speak, speak to' (Il.). (Chantr.'s opposition of a god(dess) with a human voice, language as opposed to the language of the gods is wrong. It means `having a voice (to speak with)', which may be `human' or `beautiful' as the context requires; s. Beekes, l.c. 128 n.3.Etymology: Long since derived from a root au̯ed-, seen in ἀείδω, and with long grade in ἀ(Ϝ)ηδ-ών. An o-grade (* h₂uod-, perhaps with loss of the laryngeal: De Saussure's law) would be found in ` Ησί-(Ϝ)οδος and in Ϝοδόν (written γοδόν) γόητα and Ϝοδᾶν (written γ-) κλαίειν H. (but Chantr. considers the glosses unreliable). The zero grade was seen in ὑδέω. The problem is that * h₂u-ed- beside * h₂u-ei-d is not easy, and that a long vowel in *h₂u-ēd- is also not very probable; there is also discussion whether * h₂ud- gave ὑδ- (Beekes) or αὐδ- (Peters, Lar. 65ff, 72). - Outside Greek * h₂ued- perhaps in Skt. vádati `speak', with zero grade ud- in ud-itá-. (Lith. vadinù `call, name', however, has *- dʰ-: Winter's law). Long grade e. g. Skt. vāda- m. `sound, call', OCS vada `calumnia', OHG far-wāʒan `deny'. Uncertain Toch. A wätk-, B watk- `order'. - S. ἀηδών, ἀείδω, ὑδέω, οὐδήεσσα.Page in Frisk: 1,184Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > αὐδή
-
7 βρῦτος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `beer' from barley (Archil.)Derivatives: βρύτεα (- ια) n. pl. `refuse of olives or grapes, τὰ στέμφυλα' (Ath.). - βρύτινος (Cratin.), βρυτικός (Antiph.).Origin: LW [a loanword which is (probably) not of Pre-Greek origin] Thrac.Etymology: Loanword (as appears from the variant forms) from Thracian, that can be identical with OE brođ, OHG prod `juice', OIr. bruth `glow' (* bhrutos, -om). Closest is Lat. dēfrŭtum n. `must boiled down' from Lat. ferv(e)ō; s. Schrijver, Lar. Lat. 254f. The length of the Gr. υ is unexplained. From Thrac. βρύτεα, - ια was derived Lat. brīsa `refuse of grapes', but much is uncertain here: s. Demiraj, Alban. Etym. s.v. bërsī. S. Pok. 143f. (Not to φρέαρ, φορύνω.)Page in Frisk: 1,273Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > βρῦτος
-
8 εὔληρα
Grammatical information: n. pl.Meaning: `rein' (Ψ 481, Q. S.);Dialectal forms: Dor. αὔληρα (Epich. 178, H.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Unclear εὐληρωσίων πληγῶν H. (from *εὐλήρωσις to *εὐληρόομαι, - όω?). - One assumed *ἐ-Ϝληρ-ο-, *ἀ-Ϝληρ-ο- (Schwyzer 224), with prothesis to Lat. lōrum `rein', Arm. lar `strick, rope, band', from IE *u̯lēr-, *u̯lōr-, *u̯lǝr-, r-derivation from a primary verb for `turn, wind, twine' in 2. εἰλέω. S. W.-Hofmann s. lōrum, Pok. 1143. S. also λῶμα. - Given the variation, which cannot be explained as IE, prob. Pre-Greek; for ἀ-\/ἐ- cf. ἀμύς \/ ἐμύς and Furnée 347ff.Page in Frisk: 1,588Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > εὔληρα
-
9 λᾱρῑνός
λᾱρῑνόςGrammatical information: adj.Meaning: `fatted, fat' (Xenoph., Ar., Eratosth.).Derivatives: λαρινεύομαι `be fatted' (Sophr.)Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Recalls (with remarkable final stress and long ī) Lat. lāridum (\> lardum, s. λάρδος) `bacon, salted meat'. A noun * lār(o)- `bacon v. t.' is isolated; Osthoff PB- Beitr. 13, 401 ff. posits an s-stem *lai̯os- n. `bacon', from where *lai̯es-r-īnos \> λᾱρῑνός, resp. *lai̯es-idom \> lāridum, with very doubtful further combinations (s. W.-Hofmann s. v., also WP. 2, 379, Pok. 652).Page in Frisk: 2,85-86Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > λᾱρῑνός
-
10 λῶμα
Grammatical information: n.Meaning: `hem, fringe, border of cloths' (LXX Ex.)Derivatives: - λωμάτιον (AP); acc. to EM = τὸ γυναικεῖον, ο ὑπὸ Άττικῶν ὄχθοβος λέγε-ται... καὶ τὸ εἰς τὸ κατώτερον τοῦ ἱματίου ἐπίβλημα; acc. to H. also = ῥαφή, κλωσμός. - Besides ἀσύλλωτοι, of ὦμοι `shoulders' (Call. Dian. 213), prop. `not fixed together, -twisted', i.e. `uncovered'; εὔλωστοι εὑυφεῖς, λωστοί ἐρραμμένοι, ἄλωστοι ἄρραφοι, λωισμόν λῶμα H.; s. Danielsson IF 4, 162ff.Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: By Bezzenberger BB 5, 315 λῶμα is connected with εὔληρα, αὔληρα `rein', Lat. lōrum `id.', with Arm. lar 'noose, cord'; on the suffixvariation λῶ-μα: lōrum cf. e.g. γνῶ-μα: γνώ-ρ-ιμος, κλῆ-μα: κλῆ-ρος. The words mentioned have all been connected with the root u̯el- `turn, wind, twist', in Greek.further in εἰλέω (cf. Frisk Eranos 40, 87ff.; λῶμα: ἴλλω as πτῶμα: πίπτω. But εὐληρα is Pre-Greek, s.v. - Diff. on λῶμα Scheftelowitz KZ 53, 268 (to Skt. lūná- `cut off'), Specht KZ 68, 126 (to λώπη with variation π: μ, which is wrong), Machek Studia in hon. Acad. d. Děcev 51 (to Tchech. lem `fringe'); all unconvincing. Cf. λωτις, λωστυς. Not cognate is λώδιξ `woven cover' (from Lat. lōdīx; s. W.-Hofmann s. v.).Page in Frisk: 2,152-153Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > λῶμα
-
11 οἶος
Grammatical information: adj.Compounds: As 1. member a.o. in οἰο-πόλος `wandering solely, alone' (Hom., Pi.) with οἰοπολ-έω (E. in lyr., AP).Derivatives: οἰόθεν, strengthening to οἶος `wholly alone' (H 39, 226); Schwyzer- Debrunner 700, Chantraine Gramm. hom. 2, 151; explanation by Leumann Hom. Wörter 258 ff.; denom. aor. οἰωθῆναι (: *οἰόομαι) `to be left alone' (Il., Q. S.). -- Details on the use of οἶος in Ruijgh L'élém. ach. 127 f.Origin: IE [Indo-European] ]286] *oiu̯o- `one, only' (lar. uncertain)Etymology: Identical with OIran., Av. aēva-, OP. aiva- `alone, one', IE *oiu̯o-s; fomation like *μόνϜος (\> μόνος), *ὅλϜος (\> ὅλος), s. vv. Beside it IE * oino-s, s. οἴνη. On itself stands Skt. éka-'one', PInd. (Mitanni) aika-; perh. IE * oiko-s, but perh. shortened from *ai-u̯a-ka- (doubting Mayrhofer Indoir. Journ. 4, 146 n. 75). Further connection with pronominal e-, i- (WP. 1, 101, Pok. 286, W.-Hofmann s. ūnus w. rich lit.) is uncontrolable. Cf. also Fraenkel Glotta 4, 38 w. lit., Gonda Reflexions 79 f. Contestable on the stemformation Specht Ursprung 64 a. 190.Page in Frisk: 2,367Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > οἶος
См. также в других словарях:
Lar — may refer to:* Larteh (ISO 639 3) * Legal Amount Recognition, a technique used in automated check processing (see also CAR)) * 啦儿 (lar),a slang term commonly used in Singapore, originating from a combination of Cantonese and Mandarin. The usage… … Wikipedia
LAR — LAR, town in southern iran , situated on the main caravan route connecting southern Persia with the Persian Gulf ports. Lar had a prosperous Jewish community in the 16th century. A Spaniard who visited the town in 1607 met there a messenger from… … Encyclopedia of Judaism
LAR — may refer to: *Lar, India a city in India *Lar, Iran a city in Iran *Lares Roman deitiesLAR may be an abbreviation of: *Laramie Regional Airport an airport in Wyoming, USA *Light artillery rocket system, such as the LAR 160 *LAR Romanian Airlines … Wikipedia
Lar — Cette page d’homonymie répertorie les différents sujets et articles partageant un même nom. {{{image}}} Sigles d une seule lettre Sigles de deux lettres > Sigles de trois lettres … Wikipédia en Français
lar — ˈlär noun Etymology: Latin more at larva 1. plural lares ˈlāˌrēz, ˈla(a)(ˌ)rēz, ˈläˌrās often capitalized : a tutelary god or spirit of the ancient Romans associated with a particular locality (as a field or the home) sometimes conceived as a… … Useful english dictionary
Lar — (l[aum]r), n.; pl. {Lares}, sometimes {Lars}. [L.] (Rom. Myth.) A tutelary deity; a deceased ancestor regarded as a protector of the family. The domestic Lares were the tutelar deities of a house; household gods. Hence, (Fig.): Hearth or dwelling … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Lar — (l[aum]r), n. (Zo[ o]l.) A species of gibbon ({Hylobates lar}), found in Burmah. Called also {white handed gibbon}. [1913 Webster] … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
lår — sb., et, lår, ene, i sms. lår , fx lårmuskel … Dansk ordbog
Lar [2] — Lar (Homo lar), von Linné früher mit Mensch in eine Gattung gestellt; ist aber nur ein Affe … Pierer's Universal-Lexikon
LAR — LAR, Nationalitätszeichen für Libyen (Libysch Arab. Republik). * * * Lar, der; s, en [malai.]: auf Malakka u. Sumatra lebender Gibbon mit schwarzem, von einem weißen Haarkranz umsäumten Gesicht u. weißen Oberseiten der Hände u. Füße … Universal-Lexikon
Lar — [malaiisch] der, s/ en, der Weißhandgibbon (Gibbons). * * * Lar, der; s, en [malai.]: auf Malakka u. Sumatra lebender Gibbon mit schwarzem, von einem weißen Haarkranz umsäumten Gesicht u. weißen Oberseiten der Hände u. Füße … Universal-Lexikon