ladder+escape

жен. stairs мн.;
staircase;
ladder( приставная) марш лестницы веревочная лестница парадная лестница черная лестница пожарная лестница складная лестница спускаться по лестнице подниматься по лестнице винтовая лестница приставная лестница спускать с лестницы штурмовая лестница иерархическая лестница

n ступенька лестницы (1). Обычно существительное stair употребляется в форме множественного числа:

stairs — лестница (как архитектурная часть здания).

The stairs led to the first floor — Эта лестница вела на второй этаж;

to go downstairs (upstairs) — спускаться с лестницы (подниматься по лестнице);

at the foot (top) of the stairs — на нижней (верхней) площадке лестницы;

a flight of stairs — лестничный марш, пролет;

a winding (an escape) stair — винтовая (пожарная) лестница.

В остальных случаях русские ступени, ступенька соответствуют английскому существительному step:

He stumbled over the step — Он споткнулся на ступеньке.

He ran downstairs jumping two steps at a time — Он бежал вниз по лестнице, прыгая через две ступеньки.

Русскому лестница-стремянка соответствует английское ladder:

He leaned the ladder against the wall — Он прислонил/поставил лестницу к стене.

(2). See stairway, n. (3). See staircase, n.

пожарная лестница имя существительное:

- low security prison
- maximum security prison
- military prison
- release from prison
- top security prison

2) аварийно-защитный
3) аварийные условия
4) неприкосновенный
5) авральный
6) авария
7) экстренный
8) непредвиденный случай
9) запасной
10) предохранительный
11) ситуация аварийная
– emergency battery
– emergency bell
– emergency brake
– emergency call
– emergency cock
– emergency communication
– emergency control
– emergency escape
– emergency evacuation
– emergency exit
– emergency flue
– emergency funds
– emergency gate
– emergency generator
– emergency governor
– emergency hoisting
– emergency ladder
– emergency lever
– emergency lighting
– emergency luminaire
– emergency operation
– emergency parachute
– emergency power
– emergency pump
– emergency release
– emergency repairman
– emergency route
– emergency service
– emergency set
– emergency shut-down
– emergency source
– emergency spillway
– emergency stop
– emergency switch
– emergency tank
– emergency team
– emergency valve
– emergency vehicle
– in an emergency

emergency outage factor — <engin.> коэффициент аварийного простоя

emergency oxygen mask — аварийная кислородная маска

emergency release device — аварийный расцепитель

emergency repair truck — летучка аварийная-ремонтная

emergency service vehicle — автомобиль аварийной службы

emergency shut-down coefficient — коэффициент аварийного простоя

emergency stop valve — клапан экстренного торможения

•• * Trade – одно из ключевых понятий в английской картине мира. Наполеон, склонный к недооценке противника, называл англичан «нацией торговцев» (кстати, в переводе и на английский, и на русский наполеоновское la nation des petits commerçants стало звучать обиднее – the nation of shopkeepers и нация лавочников). Сегодня фраза the nation of traders, пожалуй, звучит гордо. В глобальном мире торг уместен всегда или почти всегда, практически по любому поводу.
•• В англо-американском сознании понятие торга, мены служит для описания не только «двустороннего процесса», но и внутренней жизни человека, принимаемых им решений. Очень характерно в этом плане слово trade-off (кстати, неточно характеризуемое в Новом БАРСе как амер. разг. – оно давно уже вошло в основной словарный запас). Конечно, оно нередко, в частности в дипломатической и коммерческой практике, означает именно обмен между сторонами, взаимные уступки. Взаимные уступки по конкретным вопросам на переговорах называют иногда разменом. Но еще чаще trade-off обозначает компромиссный выбор (слово compromise по-английски надо использовать с некоторой осторожностью, так как оно отягощено глагольным значением скомпрометировать), трудное решение, которое принимает человек с учетом разных факторов (по удачному определению American Heritage Dictionary, a balancing of factors all of which are not attainable at the same time). Вот пример из WordNet Dictionary Принстонского университета: I faced a tradeoff between eating and buying medicine. Trade-off – это чаще всего не выбор по принципу «или – или», а нахождение правильного сочетания, предполагающее умение выйти из положения. В предложении (из газеты Washington Post) As [in relations] with any country, there are trade-offs речь идет не о двустороннем компромиссе, как понял это автор опубликованного на сайте www.inosmi.ru перевода, а о необходимости принимать решения, учитывая различные факторы.
•• В следующем примере из газеты New York Times описываются финансовые невзгоды американцев, чей ежегодный доход, наверное, равен бюджету небольшого детского сада: Many families making between $100,000 and $200,000 are not exactly on easy street. They don’t face choices as stark as those encountered further down the income ladder, but they face serious tradeoffs not experienced by the uppermost crust, particularly when hit with a triple whammy of college for children, care for aging parents and preparing for their own retirement. Действительно, тройной удар неизбежных расходов – надо платить за обучение детей, заботиться о престарелых родителях и откладывать деньги на будущее – заставляет искать варианты, выкручиваться даже вполне обеспеченных американцев.
•• При правильном понимании этого слова выбор у переводчика – вполне достаточный. Иногда есть смысл в генерализации значения – (трудное) решение, как, скажем в следующем примере из New York Times: The Bush administration’s signature efforts represent not some durable, world-historical shift in America’s approach to foreign policy but merely one more failed idealistic attempt to escape the difficult trade-offs and unpleasant compromises that international politics inevitably demand. – Характерные для администрации Буша шаги отражают не долгосрочную, всемирно-историческую смену ориентиров в американской внешней политике, а еще одну неудачную попытку максималистов избежать необходимости принимать трудные решения и идти на неприятные компромиссы, без которых не обходится в международных делах.
•• Слово to trade, как и многие английские глаголы, – очень удобное. Добавив к нему послелог (in, up, down), можно описывать сложные операции, для обозначения которых по-русски требуется гораздо больше слов. Так, to trade in a car – отдать старый автомобиль в счет покупки нового. To trade up – не купить по более дорогой цене (этот вариант, предлагаемый Новым БАРСом, может ввести в заблуждение), а купить более дорогой товар, перейти в более высокую ценовую категорию. Поиск в гугле подтверждает, что это выражение относится прежде всего к сфере недвижимости. Определение из MSN House and Home Glossary: trading up – buying a home that is more expensive than one’s current house. Downtrading – переход в более низкую ценовую категорию (Downtrading from the premium sector into low price cigarettes continued in 2002 – albeit at a reduced rate than in recent years.)

•• * Trade – одно из ключевых понятий в английской картине мира. Наполеон, склонный к недооценке противника, называл англичан «нацией торговцев» (кстати, в переводе и на английский, и на русский наполеоновское la nation des petits commerçants стало звучать обиднее – the nation of shopkeepers и нация лавочников). Сегодня фраза the nation of traders, пожалуй, звучит гордо. В глобальном мире торг уместен всегда или почти всегда, практически по любому поводу.
•• В англо-американском сознании понятие торга, мены служит для описания не только «двустороннего процесса», но и внутренней жизни человека, принимаемых им решений. Очень характерно в этом плане слово trade-off (кстати, неточно характеризуемое в Новом БАРСе как амер. разг. – оно давно уже вошло в основной словарный запас). Конечно, оно нередко, в частности в дипломатической и коммерческой практике, означает именно обмен между сторонами, взаимные уступки. Взаимные уступки по конкретным вопросам на переговорах называют иногда разменом. Но еще чаще trade-off обозначает компромиссный выбор (слово compromise по-английски надо использовать с некоторой осторожностью, так как оно отягощено глагольным значением скомпрометировать), трудное решение, которое принимает человек с учетом разных факторов (по удачному определению American Heritage Dictionary, a balancing of factors all of which are not attainable at the same time). Вот пример из WordNet Dictionary Принстонского университета: I faced a tradeoff between eating and buying medicine. Trade-off – это чаще всего не выбор по принципу «или – или», а нахождение правильного сочетания, предполагающее умение выйти из положения. В предложении (из газеты Washington Post) As [in relations] with any country, there are trade-offs речь идет не о двустороннем компромиссе, как понял это автор опубликованного на сайте www.inosmi.ru перевода, а о необходимости принимать решения, учитывая различные факторы.
•• В следующем примере из газеты New York Times описываются финансовые невзгоды американцев, чей ежегодный доход, наверное, равен бюджету небольшого детского сада: Many families making between $100,000 and $200,000 are not exactly on easy street. They don’t face choices as stark as those encountered further down the income ladder, but they face serious tradeoffs not experienced by the uppermost crust, particularly when hit with a triple whammy of college for children, care for aging parents and preparing for their own retirement. Действительно, тройной удар неизбежных расходов – надо платить за обучение детей, заботиться о престарелых родителях и откладывать деньги на будущее – заставляет искать варианты, выкручиваться даже вполне обеспеченных американцев.
•• При правильном понимании этого слова выбор у переводчика – вполне достаточный. Иногда есть смысл в генерализации значения – (трудное) решение, как, скажем в следующем примере из New York Times: The Bush administration’s signature efforts represent not some durable, world-historical shift in America’s approach to foreign policy but merely one more failed idealistic attempt to escape the difficult trade-offs and unpleasant compromises that international politics inevitably demand. – Характерные для администрации Буша шаги отражают не долгосрочную, всемирно-историческую смену ориентиров в американской внешней политике, а еще одну неудачную попытку максималистов избежать необходимости принимать трудные решения и идти на неприятные компромиссы, без которых не обходится в международных делах.
•• Слово to trade, как и многие английские глаголы, – очень удобное. Добавив к нему послелог (in, up, down), можно описывать сложные операции, для обозначения которых по-русски требуется гораздо больше слов. Так, to trade in a car – отдать старый автомобиль в счет покупки нового. To trade up – не купить по более дорогой цене (этот вариант, предлагаемый Новым БАРСом, может ввести в заблуждение), а купить более дорогой товар, перейти в более высокую ценовую категорию. Поиск в гугле подтверждает, что это выражение относится прежде всего к сфере недвижимости. Определение из MSN House and Home Glossary: trading up – buying a home that is more expensive than one’s current house. Downtrading – переход в более низкую ценовую категорию (Downtrading from the premium sector into low price cigarettes continued in 2002 – albeit at a reduced rate than in recent years.)

[set] 1. гл.; прош. вр., прич. прош. вр. set - set at odds
- set at ease
- set at large
- set in motion
- set in operation
- set in order
- set smth. to rights
- set smth. afoot
- set aflame - set ahead
- set apart
- set aside
- set back
- set by
- set down
- set forth
- set forward
- set in
- set off
- set on
- set out
- set to
- set up - set smb.'s back up
- set right
- set straight
- set the seal on smth. 2. сущ. 3. прил.

- air-end way
- cable way
- cage way
- cleaving way
- drift way
- escape way
- haulage way
- hoist way
- ladder way
- man way
- monkey way
- pump way
- reserve way

aircraft n abandon an aircraft abandoned aircraft accident to an aircraft accommodate an aircraft active aircraft after an aircraft ageing aircraft airborne aircraft aircraft acceleration factor aircraft acceleration tests aircraft accessory gear box aircraft age aircraft alert position aircraft alternate-stress tests aircraft anticollision device aircraft assembly jig aircraft axis aircraft balance diagram aircraft basic specifications aircraft bearing aircraft behavior aircraft blind transmission aircraft braking performance aircraft breakaway aircraft breakdown aircraft call sign aircraft capacity aircraft capacity range aircraft cargo lashing aircraft category aircraft category rating aircraft center line aircraft center - of - gravity aircraft certificate aircraft certificate holder aircraft classification aircraft clock aircraft commander aircraft commissioning tests aircraft communication equipment aircraft company aircraft component aircraft container aircraft control loss aircraft control margin aircraft control system aircraft control transfer aircraft cost level aircraft course aircraft customer aircraft deck aircraft decompression aircraft defects list aircraft delivery aircraft depot aircraft design aircraft designer aircraft design load aircraft development plant aircraft dimension tolerance aircraft ditching aircraft documents aircraft dry lease aircraft drylease aircraft earthing aircraft electrical failure aircraft electric system aircraft electrification aircraft embody aircraft emergency aircraft emergency locator beacon aircraft employment aircraft empty weight aircraft endurance tests aircraft environmental test aircraft equipment aircraft equipment overhaul aircraft escape chute aircraft evacuation means aircraft evolution aircraft factory aircraft fatigue life aircraft fire point aircraft first cost aircraft fix aircraft fixed equipment aircraft fix latitude aircraft fixture aircraft flash aircraft fleet aircraft fleet turnover aircraft flight report aircraft flying aircraft freight aircraft fuel consumption aircraft fuel quantity aircraft fuel supply aircraft galley aircraft generation aircraft geometry aircraft handling aircraft hardware aircraft heading aircraft heater aircraft heating system aircraft heel aircraft high tension wiring aircraft hijack protection aircraft hoist aircraft hour aircraft hydraulic jack aircraft icing aircraft identification aircraft identification system aircraft impact aircraft impact angle aircraft in distress aircraft in missing aircraft in service aircraft insurance aircraft integrated data system aircraft intentional swerve aircraft interchange aircraft is considered to be missing aircraft jacking point aircraft ladder aircraft lading aircraft landing aircraft landing measurement system aircraft lateral inbalance aircraft layout aircraft lead aircraft leaflet aircraft lease aircraft leveling point aircraft lights aircraft limit switch aircraft list aircraft load distribution aircraft load factor aircraft loading chart aircraft loading diagram aircraft loading instruction aircraft low tension wiring aircraft maintenance base aircraft maintenance depot aircraft maintenance division aircraft maintenance engineer aircraft maintenance engineering exhibition aircraft maintenance guide aircraft maintenance performance aircraft maintenance practice aircraft maintenance team aircraft main view aircraft manoeuvrability aircraft manufacturing facilities aircraft manufacturing plant aircraft minima aircraft mockup aircraft model aircraft movement aircraft mush aircraft nationality mark aircraft navigation equipment aircraft noise abatement operating procedures aircraft noise annoyance aircraft noise certificate aircraft noise pollution aircraft noise prediction program aircraft nose section aircraft observation aircraft on flight aircraft on register aircraft operating agency aircraft operating expenses aircraft operating instruction aircraft operation aircraft operational empty weight aircraft operational range aircraft operational weight aircraft overhaul aircraft overhaul plant aircraft overhaul shop aircraft overswinging aircraft parking aircraft parking equipment aircraft parking place aircraft passenger insurance aircraft perfomance limitations aircraft performance characteristics aircraft performances aircraft phantom view aircraft pivoting aircraft pneumatic system aircraft portable equipment aircraft position aircraft position indicator aircraft position line aircraft position report aircraft power reduction aircraft power supply aircraft production aircraft production break line aircraft production inspection aircraft prototype aircraft provider state aircraft range aircraft rating aircraft readiness aircraft recorder aircraft recorder equipment aircraft recovery aircraft recovery date aircraft recovery kit aircraft recovery plan aircraft reference symbol (на шкале навигационного прибора) aircraft registration aircraft registration mark aircraft registry state aircraft reliability aircraft removal from service aircraft rental costs aircraft repair depot aircraft repair kit aircraft repairman aircraft repair shop aircraft requiring assistance aircraft reserve factor aircraft responder aircraft retrofit aircraft roll aircraft safe life aircraft safety beacon aircraft safety factor aircraft salvage aircraft sanitary control aircrafts batch aircraft seating density aircraft self routing aircraft sensitivity aircraft separation assurance aircraft service period aircraft service truck's aircraft servicing aircraft servicing equipment aircraft servicing installation aircraft setting aircraft's file aircraft shed aircraft side aircrafts impingement aircraft simulator aircraft skidding drag aircraft's loading position aircraft sound proofing aircraft spacing aircraft spare part aircraft's parking position aircraft speed aircraft spiral glide aircraft's present position aircraft stand aircraft standby facilities aircraft stand identification aircraft stand identification sign aircraft stand lead-in line aircraft stand marking aircraft stand taxilane aircraft status report aircraft step unit aircraft stop aircraft stopping performance aircraft storage battery aircraft storage instruction aircraft structural deformation aircraft structure aircraft substantial damage aircraft sudden swerve aircraft supersedeas aircraft supplier aircraft surface movement indicator aircraft system aircraft technician aircraft test data aircraft test station aircraft tie-down point aircraft tightness aircraft tool coding aircraft towing point aircraft trail aircraft trim aircraft type aircraft uncontrollability aircraft underloading aircraft unlawful seizure aircraft usability factor aircraft useful load aircraft user state aircraft ventilation rate aircraft wake aircraft warning system aircraft warranty aircraft washing plant aircraft wearout rate aircraft weight category aircraft weight tolerance aircraft wet lease aircraft wreck airodynamically balanced aircraft align the aircraft align the aircraft with the center line align the aircraft with the runway all-cargo aircraft all-metal aircraft all-purpose aircraft all-weather aircraft all-wing aircraft ambulance aircraft amphibian aircraft approaching aircraft arriving aircraft associated aircraft system authorized aircraft balanced aircraft balance the aircraft baseline aircraft baseline aircraft configuration basic aircraft board an aircraft bring the aircraft back bring the aircraft out business aircraft canard aircraft cargo aircraft cause of aircraft trouble charter an aircraft chartered aircraft civil aircraft clean aircraft clean the aircraft clearance of the aircraft cleared aircraft clear the aircraft combination aircraft Committee on Aircraft Noise commuter-size aircraft complex type of aircraft consider an aircraft serviceable control the aircraft conventional takeoff and landing aircraft convert an aircraft convertible aircraft cover an aircraft with damage aircraft structure damaged aircraft decelerate the aircraft to delta-wing aircraft departing aircraft derived aircraft disabled aircraft double-decker aircraft ease the aircraft on eastbound aircraft effect on an aircraft enable the aircraft to endanger the aircraft engage in aircraft operation enter the aircraft enter the aircraft stand entire aircraft environmentally attuned aircraft equip an aircraft with estimated position of aircraft executive aircraft experimental aircraft feeder aircraft fill an aircraft with first-generation aircraft fit an aircraft with fixed-wing aircraft fly by an aircraft fly the aircraft 2. управлять самолетом folding wing aircraft following aircraft follow up the aircraft forest patrol aircraft freight aircraft full-scalle aircraft general-purpose aircraft handy aircraft head the aircraft into wind heavier-than-air aircraft heavy aircraft high-altitude aircraft high-capacity aircraft high-speed aircraft high-wing aircraft holding aircraft hold the aircraft on the heading hospital aircraft house an aircraft hypersonic aircraft identify the aircraft improperly loaded aircraft inbound aircraft in-coming aircraft inconventional type of aircraft in-flight aircraft inherent in the aircraft in-service aircraft install in the aircraft install on the aircraft interception of civil aircraft interchanged aircraft intercharged aircraft agreement international aircraft standard International Council of Aircraft Owner and Pilot Associations intruding aircraft inward aircraft irrepairable aircraft jack an aircraft jet aircraft join an aircraft keep clear of the aircraft keep the aircraft on known aircraft damage laden aircraft land aircraft land the aircraft lead in the aircraft lead out the aircraft lease an aircraft leased aircraft lessee of an aircraft level the aircraft out licensed aircraft lift an aircraft on lift-fuselage aircraft light aircraft lighter-than-air aircraft line up the aircraft long-bodied aircraft long-distance aircraft low annoyance aircraft low-wing aircraft mail-carrying aircraft maintain the aircraft at readiness to make the aircraft airborne making way aircraft manned aircraft mid-wing aircraft missing aircraft modified aircraft moor the aircraft multicrew aircraft multiengined aircraft multipurpose aircraft narrow-body aircraft nonnoise certificate aircraft nose-in aircraft stand nose-out aircraft stand on aircraft center line oncoming aircraft one-engined aircraft operate an aircraft operation of aircraft originating aircraft outbound aircraft outdated aircraft out-of-balance aircraft outward aircraft overweight aircraft owner-operated aircraft park an aircraft passenger aircraft patrol aircraft piston-engined aircraft place the aircraft plot the aircraft practice aircraft preceeding aircraft preproduction aircraft pressurized aircraft production aircraft profitable aircraft prop-driven aircraft properly identify the aircraft prototype aircraft pull the aircraft out of push the aircraft back push the aircraft down put the aircraft into production put the aircraft on the course put the aircraft over quiet aircraft receiver aircraft reduced takeoff and landing aircraft reequip an aircraft register the aircraft regular-body aircraft release the aircraft removal of aircraft remove the aircraft rescue aircraft research aircraft restore an aircraft retirement of aircraft return an aircraft to flyable status return the aircraft to service roll in the aircraft roll on the aircraft roll out the aircraft rotary-wing aircraft rotate the aircraft safe handling of an aircraft school aircraft sea aircraft search and rescue aircraft separate the aircraft short-range aircraft short takeoff and landing aircraft single-engined aircraft single-pilot aircraft single-seater aircraft space the aircraft sports aircraft standby aircraft state aircraft state of aircraft manufacture stayed afloat aircraft steer the aircraft stretched aircraft subsonic aircraft substantially dameged aircraft substitute the aircraft supersonic aircraft suspected aircraft damage tailless aircraft taxiing aircraft terminating aircraft test aircraft the aircraft under command today's aircraft topped-up aircraft training aircraft transonic aircraft transport aircraft trim the aircraft turbine-engined aircraft turbojet aircraft turboprop aircraft twin-engined aircraft twin-fuselage aircraft under command aircraft under way aircraft unladen aircraft unlawfully seized aircraft unpressurized aircraft unstall the aircraft unstick the aircraft vend an aircraft vertical takeoff and landing aircraft warn the aircraft wide-body aircraft work on the aircraft