intelligibly

* * *

clārus, a, um, adj. [kindr. with Germ. klar; Engl. clear; cf. clamo], clear, bright (opp. obscurus, caecus; very freq. in all periods, and in all kinds of composition).

Lit.

Relating to the sight, clear, bright, shining, brilliant, etc.

Absol.:

luce clarā et candidā,

Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 49:

ut mulierum famam multorum oculis lux clara custodiat,

open day, Cic. Leg. 2, 15, 37; cf.:

frequentissimā celebritate et clarissimā luce laetari,

id. Cael. 20, 47:

lumen,

Lucr. 3, 1:

oculorum lumina,

id. 4, 825; cf.:

mundi lumina (i.e. sol et luna),

Verg. G. 1, 5:

oculi,

Cato, R. R. 157, 10:

incendia,

Verg. A. 2, 569:

lucerna,

Hor. S. 2, 7, 48:

scintillae ignis,

Lucr. 6, 163:

fulmina,

id. 6, 84:

vestis splendor,

id. 2, 52:

color,

id. 5, 1258; cf.:

color clarissimus,

id. 2, 830:

candor,

id. 4, 232:

loca,

id. 5, 779 al.:

caelum,

Tac. A. 1, 28:

nox,

id. Agr. 12:

pater omnipotens clarus intonat,

in the clear sky, Verg. A. 7, 141 Serv.; cf. Cic. Arat. 4:

sidus,

Hor. C. 4, 8, 31:

clarissimae gemmae,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 27, § 62; cf.

lapides,

Hor. C. 4, 13, 14:

vitrum,

Ov. M. 4, 355:

purpurarum sidere clarior usus,

Hor. C. 3, 1, 42.—

With abl.:

speculo,

Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 112 dub.:

argento clari delphines,

Verg. A. 8, 673:

rutilis squamis,

id. G. 4, 93:

ferrugine,

id. A. 9, 582; cf. id. ib. 11, 772 Wagn.:

auro gemmisque corona,

Ov. M. 13, 704; 2, 2; 11, 359:

albo Lucifer exit Clarus equo,

id. ib. 15, 190:

claraeque coruscis Fulguribus taedae,

Lucr. 5, 295 al. —

Poet., of the wind (cf.: albus, candidus, and in Gr. lampros anemos; v. Lidd. and Scott under lampros), making clear, i. e. bringing fair weather:

aquilo,

Verg. G. 1, 460 Forbig. ad loc.—

Relating to the hearing, clear, loud, distinct:

clarā voce vocare,

Lucr. 4, 711; Cic. Clu. 48, 134; id. Caecin. 8, 22; Liv. 7, 31, 12; 42, 25, 12; Ov. M. 3, 703:

lectio,

Cels. 1, 2:

clariore voce,

Caes. B. G. 5, 30; cf. Cic. Tusc. 5, 7, 19:

sonor,

Lucr. 4, 567:

clamor,

Plaut. Poen. 5, 3, 27:

plausus,

id. As. Grex. 6:

plangor,

Ov. M. 4, 138:

latratus,

id. ib. 13, 806:

ictus,

id. ib. 2, 625:

strepitus, Suet. Vit. Luc.: vox (opp. obtusa),

Quint. 11, 3, 15; 9, 4, 136 Spald.:

spiritus,

id. 11, 3, 55; cf. id. 11, 3, 41 and 82:

syllabae clariores,

id. 8, 3, 16.—

Trop.

Clear, manifest, plain, evident, intelligible (syn.:

planus, apertus, perspicuus, dilucidus, etc.): vide ut mi haec certa et clara attuleris,

Ter. Hec. 5, 4, 1 Ruhnk.; cf.:

omnia non properanti clara certaque erunt,

Liv. 22, 39, 22:

clara res est, quam dicturus sum, totā Siciliā celeberrima atque notissima,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 25, § 61; 2, 5, 38, § 101; id. Tusc. 1, 32, 78:

luce sunt clariora nobis tua consilia,

id. Cat. 1, 3, 6:

id quod est luce clarius,

id. Tusc. 1, 37, 90:

si ea, quae dixi, sole ipso inlustriora et clariora sunt,

id. Fin. 1, 21, 71; id. Div. 1, 3, 6:

caecis hoc satis clarum est,

Quint. 12, 7, 9:

lumen eloquentiae,

id. 3, 8, 65; cf. id. 12, 10, 15; 11, 1, 75:

in narrando (T. Livius) clarissimi candoris,

id. 10, 1, 101 Spald. and Frotsch.:

Massinissam regem post LXXXVI. annum generasse filium clarum est,

Plin. 7, 14, 12, § 61:

somno clarius,

Ov. F. 3, 28:

exempla,

Tac. Or. 8; id. A. 4, 11:

documenta,

id. ib. 6, 22.—

Brilliant, celebrated, renowned, illustrious, honorable, famous, glorious, etc. (cf.: illustris, insignis, eximius, egregius, praestans, nobilis; a favorite epithet, esp. in the sup., like fortissimus, designating the highest praise of the honor-loving Roman; hence, a standing title, at all times, of distinguished public characters, as consuls, proconsuls, pontifices, senators, etc.):

nobilitas,

Plaut. Rud. 4, 2, 28;

opp. to obscurus,

Lucr. 1, 639; so Quint. 5, 10, 26: clari viri atque magni, Cato ap. Cic. Planc. 27, 66; Cic. Sest. 69, 144:

certe non tulit ullos haec civitas aut gloriā clariores, aut auctoritate graviores,

Cic. de Or. 2, 37, 154:

vir fortissimus et clarissimus,

id. Verr. 1, 15, 44; cf. id. ib. 2, 5, 58, § 153; id. de Or. 1, 45, 198; id. Clu. 48, 134:

exempla clara et inlustria,

id. Div. 2, 3, 8:

pugna clara et commemorabilis,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 111:

pax clarior majorque quam bellum fuerat,

Liv. 10, 37, 4:

animus abunde pollens potensque et clarus,

Sall. J. 1, 3; so,

facundia clara pollensque,

id. ib. 30, 4:

clara et magnifica,

id. ib. 4, 8:

clari potentesque fieri,

id. C. 38, 1:

familia,

Tac. A. 2, 37; 3, 76:

majores,

id. ib. 4, 61: pater si in Equestri gradu clarus, clarior vitricus, Plin. [p. 350] Ep. 2, 13, 4:

clarissimi consules,

id. ib. 7, 33, 8:

generis clarissimus auctor,

Ov. P. 2, 9, 19:

clarissima civitas,

Nep. Thras. 2, 1:

apud Germanicos quoque (Titus),

Tac. H. 2, 77:

scriptores,

id. A. 1, 1.—

With abl.:

clariores gloriā,

Cic. de Or. 2, 37, 154; v. supra:

arte medicinae,

Quint. 3, 6, 64:

eloquendi suavitate,

id. 10, 1, 83:

sententiis,

id. 10, 1, 90:

Juppiter giganteo triumpho,

Hor. C. 3, 1, 7:

agendis causis,

id. Ep. 1, 7, 47:

Ajax toties servatis Achivis,

id. S. 2, 3, 194:

bello,

Tac. Agr. 29; id. H. 3, 44:

gens memoriā nominis,

id. ib. 1, 67:

Cluvius Rufus eloquentiā,

id. ib. 4, 43.—

With in:

in arte tibiarum,

Quint. 2, 3, 3; cf.:

clarissimi in eā scientiā,

Plin. 36, 5, 4, § 11:

in litteris,

Quint. 1, 6, 35:

in agendo,

id. 12, 10, 49:

in foro,

id. 10, 5, 14:

in contionibus,

id. 12, 2, 7; 12, 10, 49.—

With ex:

ex doctrinā nobilis et clarus,

Cic. Rab. Post. 9, 23.—

With ob:

ob obscuram linguam,

Lucr. 1, 639:

ob id factum,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 32; cf.:

urbs clara ob insignem munimento naturali locum,

Liv. 24, 39, 8.—

With ab:

Trojanoque a sanguine clarus Acestes,

Verg. A. 1, 550.—

With gen.:

artis ejus,

Plin. 37, 1, 4, § 8.—

As a title:

clarissimus vir,

Cic. Att. 15, 20, 2; cf. id. ib. 14, 11, 1:

clarissimi consules,

Plin. Ep. 7, 33, 8; cf. Dig. 49, 14, 18; Lampr. Elag. 4;

Alex. Sev. 21 al.: permitto tibi vir clarissime Veiento (a senator), dicere,

Plin. Ep. 9, 13, 19; so,

ordo = senatorius,

Vop. Aur. 18 fin.; cf. also Isid. Orig. 9, 4, 12.—

Meton., of the wives of such distinguished public characters:

clarissimae feminae,

Dig. 1, 9, 8.—

In a bad sense, notorious:

minus clarum putavit fore quod de armario quam quod de sacrario esset ablatum,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 12, § 27; 2, 1, 19, § 50; 2, 4, 12, § 29:

ecquid hoc totā Siciliā clarius, ecquid indignius? etc.,

id. ib. 2, 5, 7, §

16: populus (sc. Campanus), luxuriā superbiāque clarus,

Liv. 7, 31, 6.—Hence, adv.: clārē (freq. and class.).

Lit.

Of sight (acc. to I. A.), brightly, clearly:

clare oculis video,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 35:

clare fulgens caesaries,

Cat. 66, 9:

occidere,

of a star, Col. 11, 2, 52.— Comp.:

clarius micare,

Plin. 10, 20, 22, § 43:

nitere,

Stat. S. 4, 1, 4. — Sup.:

clarissime lucere,

Vitr. 9, 4.—

Of hearing (acc. to I. B.), clearly, distinctly, plainly, aloud:

clare recitare,

Plaut. Pers. 4, 3, 30: plaudite, id. Am. fin.; cf. id. Bacch. fin.:

dic,

Ter. And. 4, 4, 15 Ruhnk.:

gemere,

Cic. Att. 2, 20, 3:

res clare enuntiare,

Quint. 8, 3, 62:

sonare,

id. 11, 3, 55:

exscreare,

id. 11, 3, 160:

maledicere,

Suet. Vit. 14 et saep.:

palam et clare,

id. Claud. 3; cf. Mart. 7, 92, 5.— Comp.:

clarius fabulari,

Suet. Calig. 22.— Sup.:

pisces clarissime audiunt,

Plin. 10, 70, 89, § 193; Vitr. 5, 3.—

Trop.

Mentally (acc. to II. A.), distinctly, intelligibly, clearly:

clare atque evidenter ostendere,

Quint. 8, 3, 86; cf. id. 4, 1, 1:

aliquid intellegere,

Plin. 37, 2, 6, § 16. — Comp.: eo clarius id periculum apparet, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 14, 2; so,

clarius intellegi,

Quint. 2, 5, 7:

clarius elucebit,

id. 12, 1, 26:

clarius ostendemus,

id. 2, 17, 25 al. — Sup., Quint. 9, 1, 19.—

Morally (acc. to II. B.), illustriously, honorably (very rare):

clarius exsplendescebat,

Nep. Att. 1, 3.

intellĕgĭbĭlis, e, adj. [intellego].

That can be understood, intelligible, intellectual:

bonum (opp. intellegibile),

Sen. Ep. 124, 2:

causa,

Amm. 20, 3:

deus,

Aug. Soliloq. 1, 1.—

Perceptible to the senses, sensible:

in corporis intellegibilis lineam (dyas) prima defluxit,

Macr. Somn. Scip. 1, 6, 19.— Adv.: intellĕgĭlĭter, intelligibly, Aug. Ep. 218.

intellĕgĭbĭlis, e, adj. [intellego].

That can be understood, intelligible, intellectual:

bonum (opp. intellegibile),

Sen. Ep. 124, 2:

causa,

Amm. 20, 3:

deus,

Aug. Soliloq. 1, 1.—

Perceptible to the senses, sensible:

in corporis intellegibilis lineam (dyas) prima defluxit,

Macr. Somn. Scip. 1, 6, 19.— Adv.: intellĕgĭlĭter, intelligibly, Aug. Ep. 218.

plānus, a, um, adj. [for placnus; root plac-; Gr. plakous; cf. 2. plaga, planca], even, level, flat, plane (class.; cf. aequor).

Lit.:

facilis et plana via,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 19: cum duae formae praestantes sint, ex solidis globus, ex planis circulus aut orbis, Cic. N. D. 2, 18, 47:

planum et aequabile corpus universitatis,

id. Univ. 5:

planus et aequus locus,

id. Caecin. 17, 50:

litus,

Caes. B. G. 4, 23:

carina,

id. ib. 3, 13:

pisces,

flat-fish, Plin. 9, 20, 37, § 73:

aedificia, quae plano pede instituuntur,

on level ground, Vitr. 6, 11:

postquam jacuit planum mare,

Juv. 12, 62:

planā faciem contundere palmā,

flat, id. 13, 128.— Comp.:

aditus planior,

Liv. 34, 29.— Sup.:

planissimus locus,

Cic. Agr. 2, 35, 96. —

Subst.: plānum, i, n., level ground, a plain:

aciem in planum deducit,

Sall. J. 49, 6:

per planum ire,

Ov. A. A. 2, 243:

cadere in plano,

id. Tr. 3, 4, 17:

in planum deferre aliquid,

Sen. Tranq. 10, 6:

castra in plano erant,

Flor. 4, 12, 59:

de plano,

on level ground, Dig. 13, 6, 5; Aus. Grat. Act. 21:

ad planiora,

Vulg. Judic. 1, 34.—In partic., jurid. t. t.: e plano or de plano, on level ground, below, not on the bench, i. e. out of court, extrajudicially:

aut e plano aut e quaesitoris tribunali,

Suet. Tib. 33:

custodiae non solum pro tribunali, sed et de plano audiri possunt,

Dig. 48, 18, 18; ib. 37, 1, 3.—

Trop.

Lowly, inconsiderable, humble (post-Aug.):

haec magnanimitas melius in tribunali, quam in plano conspicitur,

shows better in one of high than of low station, Sen. Clem. 1, 5, 3:

fortunam suam in planum deferre,

id. Tranq. 10, 6: de plano, without difficulty, easily ( poet.):

hoc tibi de plano possum promittere,

Lucr. 1, 411.—

Plain, clear, distinct, intelligible (class.):

satin' haec sunt tibi plana et certa!

Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 1:

narrationes,

Cic. Top. 26, 97:

conjectatio,

Plin. 2, 7, 5, § 22:

pol planum id quidem est,

it is plain, clear, evident, Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 32: planum facere, to make plain, clear, or intelligible, to set forth, Cic. Verr. 1, 18, 56; 2, 1, 10, § 27; 2, 1, 20, § 52;

2, 5, 64, § 165: planum facere multis testibus,

id. ib. 1, 14, 40:

planum facere atque probare,

Lucr. 2, 932.—

Easy, free from danger:

illam viam vitae, quam ante praecipitem et lubricam esse ducebat, huic planae et stabili praeponendam esse,

Cic. Flac. 42, 105.—Hence, adv.: plānē, plainly, evenly; trop., simply, clearly, distinctly, intelligibly.

Lit. (class.):

videre,

Plaut. Trin. 4, 3, 64:

scribere,

id. As. 4, 1, 10:

scire,

id. Truc. 2, 6, 9:

plane loqui,

Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 30:

plane et dilucide loqui,

Cic. de Or. 1, 32:

plane et perspicue expedire aliquid,

id. Fin. 3, 5, 19:

plane et Latine loqui,

to speak plainly, right out, without circumlocution, id. Phil. 7, 6, 17.— Comp.:

quo pacto excludi potis est planius, quam, etc.,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 8, 5:

planius dicere (opp. dicere obscurius),

Cic. de Or. 2, 80, 329:

planius atque apertius dicere,

id. Rosc. Com. 14, 43:

quid, hoc planius egissem, si, etc.,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 10, § 27:

ostendere,

Plin. 18, 28, 68, § 273.— Sup.:

apertissime planissimeque explicare,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 64, § 156.—

Transf., wholly, entirely, completely, quite (class.), Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 55:

perdidisti mulierem,

id. Ps. 4, 7, 115:

illam plane amo,

id. Capt. 3, 4, 6:

carere sensu communi,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 66:

quod reliquos coheredes convenisti, plane bene,

you have acted quite right, Cic. Att. 13, 6, 2:

illud plane moleste tuli, quod, etc.,

id. Fam. 3, 10, 11:

non plane par,

Auct. Her. 4, 20, 28:

ex rebus penitus perspectis, planeque cognitis,

Cic. de Or. 1, 23, 108:

propemodum, vel plane potius,

id. Brut. 97, 332:

explicari mihi tuum consilium plane volo, ut penitus intellegam,

thoroughly, id. Att. 8, 12, 1:

planissime perii,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 6, 67:

plane perfecteque eruditus,

Cic. Brut. 81, 282:

plane atque omnino rem defuisse,

id. ib. 59, 214:

plane cum,

particularly as, Inscr. Grut. 208; cf.:

et plane quid rectum esset diutius cogitare malui,

Cic. Att. 8, 12, 3.—

By all means, assuredly:

eo acrius te rogo ut plane ad nos advoles,

Cic. Att. 2, 24, 5 fin. —

In partic., in affirmative answers, certainly, to be sure, exactly so (anteclass.): ego et domi privatus sum et perii. Ge. Plane istuc est, Plaut. Truc. 2, 7, 57; id. Ps. 4, 7, 73: De. Etiam argentum est ultro objectum, ut sit, qui vivat, dum aliud aliquid flagitii conficiat Ge. Planissume, Ter. Phorm. 5, 2, 4.—

Besides, but (late Lat.), Dig. 9, 2, 7; 32, 1, 52.

plănus, i, m., = planos, a juggler, impostor, cheat (class.; cf.

erro): ille planus improbissimus,

Cic. Clu. 26, 72: fracto [p. 1385] crure planum attollere, Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 59; Petr. 82.

splendĭdus, a, um, adj. [splendeo], bright, shining, glittering, brilliant, etc. (class.; syn.: nitidus, lucidus, coruscus).

Lit.

In gen.: o magna templa caelitum, commixta stellis splendidis, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 6 Müll. (Trag. v. 227 Vahl.); so,

signa caeli,

Lucr. 4, 444:

lumina solis,

id. 2, 108:

caelum cum aequaliter totum erit splendidum,

Plin. 18, 35, 80, § 351; cf. comp.:

quanto splendidior quam cetera sidera fulget Lucifer,

Ov. M. 2, 722:

sol splendidior,

Tib. 4, 1, 123.— Sup.:

splendidissimus candor,

Cic. Rep. 6, 16, 16:

color (with flam neus),

Lucr. 6, 208:

ostro crinis,

Ov. M. 8, 8: venabula. id. ib. 8, 419:

fons splendidio vitro,

Hor. C. 3, 13, 1; cf.: Galatea Splendidior vitro, Ov. M. 13, 791:

umor sudoris,

Lucr. 6, 1187: bilis, bright yellow, cholê xanthê, Hor. S. 2, 3, 141 (cf.:

vitrea bilis,

Pers. 3, 8). —

In partic., of style of living, dress, etc., brilliant, splendid, magnificent, sumptuous (syn. magnificus):

quorum in villā ac domo nihil splendidum fuit praeter ipsos,

Cic. Par. 5, 2, 38:

splendida domus gaudet regali gaza,

Cat. 64, 46; Verg. A. 1, 637:

vestis,

Petr. 12; cf.:

splendidus et virilis cultus,

Quint. 11, 3, 137:

homo (opp. luxuriosus),

Vell. 2, 105, 2:

secundas res splendidiores facit amicitia,

Cic. Lael. 6, 22.—

Trop.

In gen., brilliant, illustrious, distinguished, noble (cf.:

egregius, amplus): C. Plotius, eques Romanus splendidus,

Cic. Fin. 2, 18, 58; cf.:

vir splendidissimus atque ornatissimus civitatis suae,

id. Fl. 20, 48:

homo propter virtutem splendidus,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 18, § 38; Plin. Ep. 4, 4, 2:

splendidissima ingenia,

Cic. Off. 1, 8, 26; 1, 18, 61:

causa splendidior,

id. Rosc. Am. 49, 142; cf.:

splendida facta,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 237:

ratio dicendi,

Cic. Brut. 75, 261; so,

splendida et grandis oratio,

id. ib. 79, 273; cf.:

splendidius et magnificentius (genus dicendi),

id. ib. 55, 201; cf.: figurarum commentis splendida loca attentare, brilliant passages of a speech, Amm. 29, 2, 8:

splendidis nominibus illuminatus est versus,

Cic. Or. 49, 163:

splendidioribus verbis uti,

id. Brut. 58:

vox suavis et splendida,

clear, id. ib. 55, 203:

cum de te splendida Minos Fecerit arbitria,

Hor. C. 4, 7, 21.—

In partic. (with the accessory idea of mere appearance, opp. to what is real or actual), showy, fine, specious, = speciosus:

non tam solido quam splendido nomine,

Cic. Fin. 1, 18, 61:

praetendens culpae splendida verba tuae,

Ov. R. Am. 240.—

Clear, distinct:

vox,

Cic. Brut. 55, 203.—Hence, adv.: splendĭdē, brightly, brilliantly.

Lit.:

ornare magnifice splendideque convivium,

Cic. Quint. 30, 93; cf.:

apparatus splendidissime expositus,

Petr. 21.—

Trop., brilliantly, splendidly, nobly:

acta aetas honeste ac splendide,

honorably, with distinction, Cic. Tusc. 3, 25, 61; cf. id. Sen. 18, 64:

splendidius contra regem quam, etc., bellum gerere, Auct. B. Alex. 24, 2: ornate splendideque facere,

Cic. Off. 1, 1, 4:

dicta,

id. Fin. 1, 2, 6:

in parentem Splendide mendax,

Hor. C. 3, 11, 35:

splendidissime natus,

of very high birth, Sen. Ep. 47, 8; cf. Plin. Ep. 6, 33, 2.—

Clearly, intelligibly:

loqui,

Cic. de Or. 2, 16, 68.—

Ostentatiously:

invitare,

Auct. Her. 4, 50, 63; cf.:

parum se splendide gerere,

with too little show, meanly, Nep. Att. 14, 2.