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1 this story is improb
اينداستانراستنمينمايد،اينداستانبعيد بنظر ميرس -
2 ξένος
ξένος, ὁ, [dialect] Ep. and [dialect] Ion. [full] ξεῖνος (also freq. in Pi., N.7.61, al., used by Trag. metri gr. even in trim., mostly in voc., S.OC33, al., E.IT 798 codd., El. 247), [dialect] Aeol. [full] ξέννος Hdn.Gr.2.302 ; scanned [pron. full] ¯ ?ξένοςX and written ξεῖνος in Theoc.28.6, 30.17: [dialect] Aeol. [comp] Sup. ξεννότατος Sch. Tz. in An. Ox. 3.356.18 (sed v. fin.).I guest-friend, applied to persons and states bound by a treaty or tie of hospitality, Od.1.313, etc. ;ξεῖνοι δὲ.. εὐχόμεθ' εἶναι ἐκ πατέρων φιλότητος 15.196
;ξ. πατρώϊός ἐσσι παλαιός Il.6.215
;ξ. δ' ἀλλήλων πατρώϊοι εὐχόμεθ' εἶναι Od.1.187
; ; later freq. coupled withφίλος, Πλούταρχος ὁ τούτου ξένος καὶ φίλος D.21.110
, cf. 18.46, X.An.2.1.5, Lys. 19.19 ;βασιλέως πατρικὸς ξ. Pl.Men. 78d
.2 of parties giving or receiving hospitality, Od.8.145, etc. ; mostly of the guest, opp. the host, ξεινοδόκοι καὶ ξεῖνος ib. 543, etc. ; ἁ ξείνα the visitor, Theoc.2.154 ; of guests at a club, opp. σύνδειπνοι, PTeb.118.4 (ii B. C.) : less freq. of the host, Il.15.532, A.R.1.208, Ep.Rom.16.23, etc.: c. dat.,ξεῖνός τινι Hdt.1.20
,22, cf. Th.2.13, X.An.1.1.10, etc. ; also ξ. τινός ib. 2.4.15.II stranger, esp. wanderer, refugee (under the protection of Ζεὺς ξένιος), sts. coupled withἱκέτης, Ζεὺς ἐπιτιμήτωρ ἱκετάων τε ξείνων τε ξείνιος Od.9.270
, cf. 8.546; withπτωχός, πρὸς γὰρ Διός εἰσιν ἅπαντες ξεῖνοί τε πτωχοί τε 6.208
.III generally, stranger, foreigner, opp. ἔνδημος, Hes.Op. 225; opp. ἀστός, Pi.O.7.90, S.OC13, And.4.10, etc. ;πολιατᾶν καὶ ξ. Pi.I.1.51
, cf. A. Th. 924 (lyr.), Pl.Grg. 473d, etc. ; opp. ἐπιχώριος, Id.Men. 94d: coupled with μέτοικος, Th. 4.90, cf. IG12.39.53 ; with ἔπηλυς, Luc.Herm.24 ; opp. a member of the family, PMasp.169.10 (vi A. D.), etc.2 = βάρβαρος, at Sparta, Hdt.9.11,55.IV hireling, Od.14.102 ; esp. mercenary soldier, IG12.949.89, X.An.1.1.10, D.18.152, etc. ;ξ. ναυβάται Th.1.121
: rarely simply, ally, X.Lac. 12.3.B as Adj. [full] ξένος, η, ον (also ος, ον E.Supp.94), [dialect] Ion. [full] ξεῖνος, η, ον, foreign, not in Hom. (in the phrasesξεῖνε πάτερ Od.7.28
,ἄνθρωποι ξεῖνοι Il.24.202
, both words are Subst.) ; freq. in later writers,ξείνα γαῖα Pi.P.4.118
codd.;ξένης ἐπὶ χθονός S.OC 1256
; γᾶς ἐπὶ ξένας ib. 1705 (lyr., cf. ξένη); ἐν ξένῃσι χερσί by foreign hands, Id.El. 1141 ; ξ. δόμοι, πόλις, etc., E.Ph. 339 (lyr.), 369, etc. ; of alien property,ξ. ἄρουραι PMasp.295.22
(vi A.D.).II c. gen. rei, strange to a thing, unacquainted with, ignorant of it,ξ. τοῦ λόγου S.OT 219
, cf. AP4.3a.37 (Agath.);ξ. τῶν διαθηκῶν τῆς ἐπαγγελίας Ep.Eph.2.12
, cf. BGU405.12 (iv A. D.). Adv. ξένως, ἔχω τῆς ἐνθάδε λέξεως I am a stranger to the mode of speech, Pl.Ap. 17d ;ἔχειν τῆς διαλέκτου Them. Or.21.253c
.III strange, unusual, (lyr.) ;τιμωρίαι Ti.Locr.104d
;ποιεῖν ξένην τὴν διάλεκτον Arist.Rh. 1404b11
, cf. 1415a7 ;οὐδὲν ξ. ἐν τῷ παντὶ ἀποτελεῖται Epicur.Fr. 266
;τοῖς νέοις ποιεῖν ξένα τὰ φαῦλα Arist.Pol. 1336b34
;ξένα ταῖς ὄψεσι D.S.3.15
; ὡς ξένου συμβαίνοντος I Ep.Pet.4.12 ;διδαχαὶ ποικίλαι καὶ ξ. Ep.Hebr.13.9
;ξ. δαιμόνια Act.Ap.17.18
: [comp] Sup.,πράξεων ὡς -οτάτων Phld.Herc.1251.5
;ξ. αὐτῷ δοκεῖ τὸ πρᾶγμα Luc.Cont.13
, etc. Adv.ξένως, λαλεῖν Phld.P0.5.12
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3 ἀλαλά
Grammatical information: interj.Meaning: cry of war (Pi.)Other forms: Also ἀλαλαί (Ar.), as pl. subst. `(war)cries, shouting' (Pi.).Derivatives: ἀλαλητός m. `(war)cry, cry of fear, victory' (Il.); improb. Leumann, Hom. W. 211 (from ἀλάλημαι).Origin: Onom. [onomatopoia, and other elementary formations]Etymology: Primary interjection, elementary cry, like Skt. alalā-bhávant- (RV, `making cheerful', of water). S. Theander Eranos 15, 98ff., Kretschmer Glotta 9, 228ff. Compare ἐλελεῦ, ὀλολύζω.Page in Frisk: 1,63Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀλαλά
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4 ἀλκυών
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `kingfisher, Alcedo ispida' (Il.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]Etymology: S. Thompson Birds s. v. Origin unknown; prob. a loan from a non-IE language (cf. Fur. 303 n. 39 on substr. words in - ων.) For the suffix cf. ἀλεκτρυών, Ruijgh Minos 9 (1968) 152f. - Improb. Venneman, Germ. Linguistics and Semiotic Analysis 1, 1996, 113-145.Page in Frisk: 1,75Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀλκυών
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5 ἀμύς
ἀμύς, - ύδοςGrammatical information: f.Other forms: Also ἐμύς (Arist. HA 588a8, H.)Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Considered contamination of ἐμύς `id.' und ἀμία `tunny' by Strömberg Fischnamen 81; improb. Perhaps in πήλαμυς (s.v.)? No doubt a substr. word; cf. the form with ἐ-. Fur. 347.Page in Frisk: 1,97Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀμύς
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6 ἀντικρύ
Grammatical information: adv.Meaning: `right opposite' (Il.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]Etymology: With ἀντι- ?, further unclear. Kretschmer Glotta 4, 356 connects ἀντικρούω `come into collision'. Improbable Chantraine Gramm. hom. 2, 148: to κάρη. Improb. also vW. (to Lat. crūs). Beekes - Cuypers, Mnem. 56 (2003): -υ short, but metrically lengthened. The Attic form hardly substituted ἀντα- for ἀντι- (the anticipation of the ρ and the assimilation would then be strange); but this also suggests that ἀντα\/ι- is not the Greek word (assimilation ο \> υ is also rare in Greek). If the word was Pre-Greek (* ant(r)ak(r)u-) identification with ἀντι would not surprise. Interchange ο\/ι is known from Pre-Greek words (Fur. 191 n. 37), so the word will be Pre-Greek. Then, it is also uncertain what the original position of the ρ was; if *ἀντρα-κυ, the last element might be compared with μεσσηγυ, ἐγγύς.Page in Frisk: 1,114Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀντικρύ
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7 ἁπαλός
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: `tender, weak' (Il.).Derivatives: ἁπάλιον θῦμα, δελφάκιον H. (text doubtful)Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Unknown. On the formation cf. ὁμαλός, ἀταλός, *ἀκαλός (in ἀκαλαρρείτης), Chantr. Form. 245. Fur. 224 compares ἀμαλός, with π\/μ; possible, but uncertain. (Improb. vW.)Page in Frisk: 1,117-118Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἁπαλός
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8 ἀπολάντιον
Grammatical information: n.Other forms: παλλάντιον ( Hippiatr. 66).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Improb. Strömberg Wortstudien 27. Fur. 344 compares παλλάντιον, a king of grass; quite probable; so Pre-Greek.Page in Frisk: 1,123Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀπολάντιον
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9 ἀρτέμων
ἀρτέμων, - ονοςGrammatical information: m.Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Unexplained technical word, of which meaning and history is not yet well-known. Connection with ἀρτέομαι or ἀρτάω with - μων (Chantr. Form. 172, Schwyzer 522) does not explain the meaning. Improb. vW. - Lat. LW [loanword] artemo(n) since Lucil. as name of a sail v.t., in Vitr. 10, 2, 9 also `principal pulley' (from here Fr. artimon, with different meaning). Cf. J. Vart, L'art nautique 101-106; J. Rougé, Commerce maritime 58f.Page in Frisk: 1,154Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀρτέμων
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10 ἄρτος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `bread' (Od.).Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Unknown. Hardly to ἀρ- `fit'. Pisani Ricerche Linguistiche 1, 141 derives it from Iranian * arta- `flour', which is impossible for a word already attested in Myc. Hubschmid Sardische Studien (Bern 1953) 104 adduces Basque. arto `id.', OSpan. artal `especie de empanada' etc. and considers the word as a substr. word (or is it a loan from Greek?). Improb. vW.Page in Frisk: 1,156Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἄρτος
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11 ἀσάμινθος
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `bath-tub' (Il.).Dialectal forms: Myc. asamito \/ asaminthos\/Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Substr. word with νθ-suffix, as in PlN Κόρινθος, ῎Ολυνθος etc.. (Chantr. Form. 371). - Gaerte PhW 1922, 888 and v. Blumenthal IF 48, 50 point to Sumer. asam, Akk. assammu(m), ansammum `earthenware vase for water'. Cf. further Alessio Stud. italfilclass. N. S. 20, 121ff.; Kretschmer Glotta 20, 25l; 22, 253. Improb. speculations Szemerényi, Gnomon 43, 1971, 657.Page in Frisk: 1,160Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀσάμινθος
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12 ἀσπάλαξ
ἀσπάλαξ, - ακοςGrammatical information: m.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: The suffix - αξ in animal names is well known ( κόραξ, σκύλαξ, Chantr. Form. 378). One connected * sp(h)el- `split, tear off' (Pok. 985), cf. σπολάς; which is quite uncertain. Further cf. σφαλάσσειν τέμνειν, κεντεῖν H. The variations and the fact that there is no IE etym. make a substr. word probable. The synonym σκάλοψ may be a variant or a recent metathesis. (Not here σπάλαθρον `poker'.) Improb. Fraenkel, Gedenkschr. Kretschmer 1, 104.Page in Frisk: 1,167Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀσπάλαξ
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13 ἀσπάλιεύς
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `fisher' (Nic.)Derivatives: ἀσπαλία τοῦ ἁλιέως ἐργασία (H.) for *ἀσπαλιεία? Cf. ἀσπαλίσαι ἁλιεῦσαι, σαγηνεῦσαι (AB 183).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]Etymology: Cf. ἁλιεύς. Etym. unknown. Since Solmsen Wortforsch. 21 A. ἄσπαλος is compared with Lat. squalus name of a big fish, ON hvalr `whale', which does not agree with Plato, Sph. 221c, who speaks of fishing with a line. Chantr. strangely doubts the connection ἀσπαλιεύς \/ ἄσπαλος. Quite improb. vW. - Rather with Huber, Comm. Aenip. 9, 21, a susbtr. word (but note that squalus too is non-IE).Page in Frisk: 1,167-168Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀσπάλιεύς
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14 ἀσπίς 1
ἀσπίς 1., - ίδοςGrammatical information: f.Derivatives: Dimin. ἀσπίδιον (Hermipp.), also a plant (Dsc.; s. Strömberg Pflanzennamen 55). - ἀσπιστής `warrior with shield' (Il.), ἀσπιδιώτης (Il.) m.c. (Meister HK 30). Note ἀσπιδεὶα· τὰς πτύχας τὼν ἀσπίδων καὶ μέρος τῆς νεὼς πρὸς τῃ̃ πρύμνᾳ H.Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Unknown. The explanation as *ἀν-σπίς, to σπίδιος (Bechtel Lex.), almost certainly wrong. - The comparison with Lith. skỹdas `shield' (Pisani Ist. Lomb. 73: 2, 23) is improbable; Fraenkel considers it a loan from Germanic. - For the connection with OHG aspa `asp' s. Thieme, Heimat 546-548, but this word had - ps-, not - sp- (which may not be prohibitive). - ἀσπίς could well be a loanword, from the substr. or not; cf. Trümpy. (Improb. vW.)Page in Frisk: 1,168-169Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀσπίς 1
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15 ἀστράγαλος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `one of the vertebrae (of the neck), ankle joint; knuckle-bones, dice' (Il.). Also a plant, s. DELG Suppl.Derivatives: ἀστραγαλωτός ( μάστιξ) `(whip) made from ἀ.' (Crates Com.), ἀστραγαλωτή a plant (Philum.); s. Schwyzer 503: 4, Chantr. Form. 305 sect. 243. - ἀστραγαλῖτις `kind of Iris' (Gal.), ἀστραγαλῖνος `bull-finch' (Dionys.). - Denom. ἀστραγαλίζω `play with a.' (Com., Pl.). Hypocoristic ἄστρις f. = ἀστράγαλος (Call.); with hypocoristic χ-Suffix, ἄστριχος m. (Antiph.), cf. Schwyzer 498.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Generally considered a derivation in - λ- (Chantr. Form. 247) of the old word for `bone' (s.v. ὀστέον), which was also assumed for ἀστακός (but s.s.v.) and ὄστρ-ακον, ὄστρ-ειον (but see s.v.). The -γ was compared with the nominative in the Skt. r-n-stems, e.g. ásr̥-k, gen. asn-áḥ `blood' (cf. ἔαρ); cf. Benveniste Orig. 7 and 28. But the word for `bone' was not an r-n-stem and the formation is improbable. It is therefore quite probably a substr. word (Beekes, Devel. 51). Improb. Winter Prothet. Vokal 37ff. - Cf. ἀστακός, ὄστρακον, ὀστρύς, ὀστέον.Page in Frisk: 1,172Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀστράγαλος
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16 ἔρῑθος
ἔρῑθοςGrammatical information: m. f.Meaning: `day-labourer', of rapers, sheaf-binders(?) (Σ 550, 560), `spinner' (S., D. with folk-etymological connection with ἔριον), `servant etc.' in gen. (h. Merc. 296 etc.);Compounds: Comp. συν-έριθος m. f. `helper, labourer' (Od.), φιλ-έριθος `who loves spinning' (Theoc., AP). - With familiar κ-suffix ἐριθακίς f. (Theoc.).Derivatives: Denomin. verb ἐριθεύομαι, rare - εύω, also with ἐξ-, `be day-labourer, work for wages, try to get favours or positions' (LXX, Arist.) with ἐριθεία `trying to get a position' (Arist.), ἐριθευτός `for whose favour one has canvassed' (Creta, Delphi).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Unclear Έριθάσεος surname of Apollon (Attica IVa) - No etymology (like a word as. δοῦλος; so Pre-Greek?, cf. the suffix - ιθ- Beekes, Pre-Greek, suffixes). Improb. Brugmann IF 19, 384 (s. Bq); cf. also Schwyzer 511 n. 2.Page in Frisk: 1,558Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἔρῑθος
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17 κάρφω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: ` dry up, wither, wrinkle' (Od.).Derivatives: 1. κάρφος n. `arid stalk, twig, halm, hay' (IA.); καρφίον dimin. (Dsc.), καρφηρός `consisting of arid stalks' (E. Ion 172; cf. αὑχμηρός, αὑστηρός a. o., Chantraine Formation 232f.), καρφίτης `id.' (AP), καρφώδης `full of κ.' (gloss.), καρφεῖα n. pl. = κάρφη pl. (Nic. Al. 118); καρφόομαι (AP) = καρφύνεσθαι ξηραίνεσθαι, φθείρεσθαι H.; s. Fraenkel Denom. 294. 2. κάρφη f. `hay' (X., Arr.). 3. καρφαλέος `arid' (Il.; as αὑαλέος; perh. from κάρφος, cf. Chantraine 253f.). 4. κατακαρφ-ής `withered' (Nik. Fr. 70, 9).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]Etymology: To the zero grade thematic root present κάρφω (with κάρφος for older *κέρφος?; s. below) the other languages have no agreement. Similarity is seen in a in Balto-Slavic and Germanic wide-spread groep, e. g. Russ. koróbitь `curve, bend', refl. `curve oneself, writhe', beside which with anlaut. s- skórbnutь `writhe', Lith. skrembù, skrèbti `get a thin crust, get stiff', NIsl. herpa-st `draw together convulsively', OIcel. skorpna `writhe, wither' etc., IE. ( s)kerbh-, ( s)krebh-; Pok. 948f. "m. reicher Lit. und buntem Vergleichsmaterial" (Frisk); also Vasmer Russ. et. Wb. s. koróbitь and skórblyj, W.-Hofmann s. corbis. Unclear remain the Hesych -glosses κορφῶς ἐλαφρῶς, κέρβαλα ἀσθενῆ (improb. v. Blumenthal Hesychst. 40f.).. - "Die expressive Wortgruppe hat offenbar lautliche Entgleisungen und Verschränkungen erlitten" (Frisk). "Les rapprochments proposés par les étymologistes ne donnent satisfaction ni pour la forme ni pour le sens" (DELG). Cf. also κράμβη, - ός. It seems then that the word is non-IE and it may well be Pre-Greek. Note κορφῶς.Page in Frisk: 1,795Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κάρφω
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18 κελλάς
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: μονόφθαλμος H.Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: The - λλ- can go back on - λν-. Then κελλάς could be the fem.(?) of κελλός, which H. glosses as στρεβλός, πλάγιος (to κυλλός?), which could be from a nominal n-stem or from a verb with no- (IE. *kel-n-ó-s or *kel-nó-s). A remarkable semantic agreement shows OIr. (OWelsh?) coll, Skt kāṇá- `one-eyed', if represent ing IE. * kol-no- (s. Mayrhofer KEWA s. v.; but Kuiper considers the words as of Munda origin, Mayrh. EWAia I 436.) Persson Beitr. 2, 646f. a. 960f. Fur. 354 connects κιλλιξ, rather improb. Note that the word indicated a corporeal defect.Page in Frisk: 1,817Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κελλάς
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19 κόλαξ
κόλαξ, - ᾰκοςGrammatical information: m.Meaning: `flatterer, fawner' (Att. hell.).Compounds: Often as 2. member in the comedy, e. g. κνισο-κόλαξ, s. Risch IF 59, 277.Derivatives: κολακεία (Democr., Pl.), κολακίς f. (Clearch., Plu.), κολακικός `flattering' (Pl.) and κολακεύω `flatter' (Att. hell.); κολάκευμα (X.) `flattering', κολακευτικός `id.' (Pl.), κολακευτής = κόλαξ (Gloss.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Attic everyday language without etymology. Persson connects κηλέω, which is improb. because of the o-vowel; cf. Pok. 551, W.-Hofmann s. calumnia. Not better Pisani Ist. Lomb. 77, 553: to κέλλω, δύσκολος or Machek Slavia 16, 211 and Listy filol. 72, 69f.: to Slav. * cholcholiti in Czech. chlácholiti `soothe, acquiesce, flatter'. - Earlier attempts in Bq. - As the suffix - ακ- is Pre-Greek, so is the word prob.Page in Frisk: 1,896Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κόλαξ
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20 κραιαίνω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `complete' (Il.), intr. `end' (medic.), `rule' (θ 391, S., E.; Wackernagel Unt. 157).Other forms: (v. l. κρᾱαίνω), aor. κρηῆναι (Il.), κραᾶναι H., pass. κρᾱανθῆναι (Theoc.), perf. 3. sg. κεκρά̄ανται (Od.), Vbaladj. ἀ-κρά̄αν-τος (Hom.); - κραίνω (Od., medic.), fut. κρᾰνέω, -ῶ (Emp., A., E.; ἐπι-κρᾱνεῖ A. Ag. 1340), κρᾰνέεσθαι (I 626, intr.), aor. κρῆναι (O 599), κρᾶναι (A., S.), pass. κρανθῆναι (Pi., trag.), perf. 3. sg. κέκρανται (trag.), ἄ-κραν-τος (Pi., trag.);Compounds: also with ἐπι-.Derivatives: From κραίνω: κράντωρ, - ορος `ruler' (E. in lyr., AP), `who fulfills' (Epigr. ap. Paus. 8, 52, 6), with dissimilation κάντορες οἱ κρατοῦντες H. (Lewy KZ 59, 180); κραντήρ, - ῆρος `ruler' (Orph.), pl. `wisdom-teeth', prop. "fulfiller", scil. of the tooth-row (Arist.), sg. `tusk' (Nic., Lyc.); f. κράντειρα `governess' ( APl., Orph.); on κράντωρ, - τήρ Benveniste Noms d'agent 46f.; κράντης `fulfiller' (Lyc.); κραντήριοι οἱ κραίνοντες, καὶ ἐπιτελοῦντες H. - Compound αὑτό-κρανος `fulfilling himself, self-evident' (H., EM; also A. Fr. 295f.); after H. also = κίων μονόλιθος; in the last meaning rather to κάρᾱ `head' ; s. - κρανον s. κρανίον.Origin: IE [Indo-European] [574] *ḱerh₂- `head'Etymology: The variant κρᾱαίνω will stand for *κρᾱσαίνω, as gen. κρά̄ατος \< *κρά̄σα-τος to κάρᾱ, κάρη `head', like ὀνομαίνω to ὀνόμα-τος from ὄνομα; so a denomin. from the old n-stem. Prop. meaning `(put the head on something' (cf. καρᾱνοῦν `complete' of κάρᾱνον `head'). - Beside κρᾱαίνω with Ionic form aorist κρηῆναι, contracted κρῆναι, to which again the younger present κραίνω (cf. φῆναι: φαίνω) with κρᾰνέω etc. The form κραι-αίνω may have its stemsyllable κραι- from κραίνω (Leumann IF 57, 157). -Fraenkel Denom. 7, Bechtel Lex. s. v., Schwyzer 724f. and Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 82, (improb.1, 343 a basis *κράσαρ n.).Page in Frisk: 2,3-4Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κραιαίνω
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