hasty

festīno, āvi, ātum, 1, v. n. and a. [cf. Gr. theinô; Lat. -fendo in defendo, offendo, -festus in manifestus, etc., and fustis, Corss. Ausspr. 2, 190; Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 255].

Neutr., to hasten, make haste, hurry, be quick (class.; not in Caes.; syn.: propero, celero, maturo): aliud est properare, aliud festinare. Qui unum quid mature transigit, is properat: qui multa simul incipit neque perficit, is festinat, Cato ap. Gell. 16, 14, 2; id. ap. Paul. ex Fest. s. v. properare, p. 235 Müll.; ap. Non. 441, 22:

propemodum quid illic festinet sentio,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 1, 14:

aput nos eccillam festinat cum sorore uxor tua,

id. Stich. 4, 1, 30:

quid festinas?

Ter. Eun. 4, 3, 8; cf.:

quamquam festinas, non est mora longa,

Hor. C. 1, 28, 35; Sall. Fragm. ap. Don. Ter. Eun. 4, 3, 8:

ibi,

Plaut. Stich. 5, 3, 4:

plura scripsissem, nisi tui festinarent,

Cic. Fam. 12, 22, 4; cf. id. Att. 6, 2 fin.:

solent nautae festinare quaestus sui causa,

id. Fam. 16, 9, 4:

esseda festinant, pilenta, petorrita, naves,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 192:

in provinciam festinare,

Quint. 6, 3, 39:

ad portas,

Sall. J. 69, 2; cf.:

ad singulare Antonii factum festinat oratio,

Cic. Phil. 1, 1, 3:

ad probationem,

Quint. 4, 3, 8; cf. id. 4, 5, 10:

quis te festinare jubet?

Juv. 14, 212.—Prov.: festina lente (speude bradeôs), Suet. Aug. 25.

Transf., as v. a., to make haste with a thing, to hasten, hurry, accelerate, do speedily.

With an object-clause (class.):

ut migrare tanto opere festines,

Cic. Fam. 7, 23 fin.:

ne festinaret abire,

Sall. J. 64, 4:

ultum ire injurias,

id. ib. 68, 1:

finem imponere,

Quint. 9, 4, 146:

sequi,

Curt. 6, 6, 25:

componere lites,

Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 12:

quae laedunt oculum, festinas demere,

id. ib. 1, 2, 38:

terris advertere proram,

Verg. G. 4, 117:

aram congerere arboribus,

id. A. 6, 177; cf.:

callidus id modo festinabat, Bocchi pacem imminuere, ne, etc.,

Sall. J. 81 fin.:

universis prodesse festinet,

Inscr. Orell. 775.—

With acc. (not in Cic.): festivum festinant diem, hasten to celebrate, Enn. ap. Serv. Verg. A. 9, 401 (Trag. v. 434 ed. Vahl.):

ni id festinaret,

Sall. J. 77, 1:

ad bellum cuncta,

id. ib. 73, 1: soleas festinate (sc. dare), id. Fragm. ap. Serv. Verg. A. 12, 425:

festinare fugam,

Verg. A. 4, 575:

vias,

Stat. Th. 2, 478:

poenas,

Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 61:

pyram,

Sil. 8, 52:

vestes,

Stat. S. 2, 1, 128:

caedes, patibula, ignes, cruces,

Tac. A. 14, 33:

mortem in se,

to bring on speedily, id. ib. 4, 28:

pyram,

prepares in haste, Sil. 8, 52.—In pass.:

quod animo cupienti nihil satis festinatur,

Sall. J. 64 fin.:

ea cuncta per idoneos ministros festinabantur,

Tac. H. 2, 82:

cum belli civilis praemia festinarentur,

id. ib. 3, 37:

nec virgines festinantur,

are not married early, id. G. 20:

adoptio festinatur,

id. A. 12, 25; 6, 50; id. H. 3, 37.—In part. perf., hastened, accelerated:

festinata maturitas,

Quint. 6 praef. § 10;

iter,

Ov. P. 4, 5, 8:

missio,

Tac. A. 1, 52:

casus,

id. ib. 6, 44:

nuptiae,

Suet. Aug. 69:

honores,

i. e. obtained before the proper time, Luc. 8, 24; Plin. Pan. 69, 5:

festinatis annis raptus,

by an early death, Mart. 7, 40, 7; cf.:

festinatis lictorum manibus in carcerem raptus,

Tac. A. 6, 40:

mors domini gladiis tam festinata,

prematurely inflicted, Juv. 4, 96.—

With se, to make haste, Gell. 14, 2, 9.—Hence,

festīnans, antis, P. a., hasty, in haste:

ille properans, festinans, mandata vestra conficere cupiens,

Cic. Phil. 9, 3, 6:

haec festinans scripsi in itinere atque agmine,

id. Att. 6, 4 fin. —Adv.: festīnanter, hastily, speedily, quickly (class.):

improbe, turbide, festinanter, rapide omnia videtis esse suscepta, Cic. Scaur. § 37: nimium festinanter dictum,

id. Fin. 5, 26, 77.— Comp.:

compositius cuncta quam festinantius agerent,

Tac. A. 15, 3:

factum quid,

Gell. 10, 11, 8:

publicatum,

Suet. Aug. 29:

germinant,

Plin. 17, 11, 15, § 78.— Sup.:

festinantissime,

Aug. Ep. 250.—

festīnāto, adv., hastily, hurriedly (post-Aug.):

quam nihil praeparato, nihil festinato fecisse videtur Milo,

Quint. 4, 2, 58; Suet. Claud. 16; Vulg. Gen. 44, 11 al.

festīnus, a, um (ante-class. form of the acc. sing. festinem in the verse: nunc haec res me facit festinem, Titin. ap. Non. 482, 33; cf. Comic. Lat. ed. Rib. p. 127), adj. [festino], hasty, hastening, in haste, quick, speedy ( poet.;

syn.: celer, rapidus, velox, etc.): cursu festinus anhelo,

Ov. M. 11, 347:

veste tegens, tibi quam noctes festina diesque Urgebam,

Verg. A. 9, 488:

taedia vitae,

early, Val. Fl. 6, 325; cf.: cruda festinaque [p. 743] virtus, Stat. Th. 9, 716: celeritas, Cod. Th. 16, 5, 53 al. (but in Enn. ap. Char. p. 251 P. the right read. is Vestina, v. Vahl. Enn. Ann. v. 280).—

With gen.:

laudum festinus et audax Ingenii,

Stat. S. 5, 3, 135:

voti,

id. Th. 6, 75.— Adv.: festīnē, hastily, Cassiod. Var. 3, 40 (so Codd. Cic. Att. 4, 14, 2, where edd. festive).

fŭro, ŭi ( perf. rare, Sen. Orest. 846; Serv. Verg. A. 1, 41 al.;

usually supplied by insanivi,

Diom. p. 376 P.; Prisc. 817 P.; gen. plur. part. sync. furentum, Verg. A. 11, 838), 3, v. n. [cf. Gr. thouros, hasty; thorein, thrôskô, to leap; cf. thêr, wild; Lat. fera, ferox; v. Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 256], to rage, rave (in sickness or when in a passion), to be out of one's mind, to be mad, furious (syn.: insanio, deliro, desipio).

Lit. (class.): quem nos furorem, melancholian illi (Graeci) vocant:

quasi vero atra bili solum mens ac non saepe vel iracundiā graviore vel timore vel dolore moveatur: quo genere Athamantem, Alcmaeonem, Ajacem, Orestem furere dicimus, etc.,

Cic. Tusc. 3, 5, 11:

quid est aliud furere, non cognoscere homines, non cognoscere leges, non senatum,

id. Pis. 20, 47; cf.:

qui valetudinis vitio furunt et melancholici dicuntur,

id. Div. 1, 38, 81; and Dig. 23, 2, 9:

primum inquiram, quid sit furere, etc.,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 41:

insanire ac furere,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 18, § 39:

furere et bacchari,

id. Brut. 80, [p. 797] 276; cf.: non ego sanius Bacchabor Edonis: recepto Dulce mihi furere est amico, to play the fool, act foolishly (an imitation of the Anacreontic thelô thelô manênai), Hor. C. 2, 7, 28:

Telamon iratus furere luctu filii videretur,

to be distracted, Cic. de Or. 2, 46, 193:

ille, si non acerrime fureret, auderet, etc.,

id. Pis. 21, 50: furere adversus aliquem, Tiber. ap. Suet. Tib. 61:

num furis? an prudens ludis me obscura canendo?

Hor. S. 2, 5, 58:

furit ille dolore,

Ov. M. 12, 478:

amore,

Val. Fl. 5, 427; cf.: ex quo destiti Inachia furere, to be madly in love with (Gr. mainesthai epi tini), Hor. Epod. 11, 6:

in aliqua,

Quint. Decl. 289:

in celeres iambos Misit (me) furentem,

Hor. C. 1, 16, 25.—

With acc. and inf.:

(Clodius) furebat, a Racilio se contumaciter urbaneque vexatum,

Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 1, 3.— With inf.:

furit vinci dominus profundi,

Sen. Med. 597:

ecce furit te reperire atrox Tydides,

Hor. C. 1, 15, 27.—

With acc. ( poet.):

hunc sine me furere ante furorem,

Verg. A. 12, 680:

praecipuum tunc caedis opus, Gradive, furebas,

Stat. Th. 9, 5.—

Transf., of inanim. and abstr. things ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

nubes interdum perscissa furit petulantibus auris,

Lucr. 6, 111; cf.:

furit mugitibus aether concussus,

Verg. G. 3, 150:

ventus,

Lucr. 6, 687:

impetus Aetnae,

id. 2, 593; cf.:

flamma in Aetna,

Hor. Epod. 17, 33:

ignis in stipulis,

Verg. G. 3, 100:

stella vesani leonis,

Hor. C. 3, 29, 19:

atra tempestas effusis imbribus,

Verg. A. 5, 694:

furit aestus harenis,

id. ib. 1, 107:

flammae furentes,

id. ib. 4, 670:

furit ardor edendi,

Ov. M. 8, 828:

nec copia argenti tantum furit vita,

Plin. 33, 11, 53, § 147.—With acc. and inf.:

fama furit, versos hostes Poenumque salutem Invenisse fugā,

Sil. 7, 504.—Hence, * fŭrenter, adv., furiously:

pueri autem aiunt eum furenter irasci,

was furiously enraged, Cic. Att. 6, 1, 12.

irrŭo ( inr-), rŭi, 3, v. n. [in-ruo], to rush or force one ' s way into, invade, press into, make an attack upon.

Lit.:

ilico equites jubet dexterā inruere,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 88 (dub.;

Ussing, inducere): quam mox inruimus?

Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 18:

irruimus ferro,

Verg. A. 3, 222:

in aedis alienas,

Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 8:

in mediam aciem,

Cic. Fin. 2, 19, 61:

in aliquem,

id. Dom. 45:

super collum alicujus,

to embrace eagerly, Vulg. Gen. 46, 29:

super gladium suum,

id. 1 Par. 10, 4.—

With dat.:

flammis,

Claud. Cons. Mall. Theod. 194.—

With acc.:

proximos agros,

Front. 1, 5, 16:

Rhodopen,

Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 50:

Alpes,

id. Epigr. 77, 5:

has terras, of waters,

Amm. 17, 13, 4.—

With se:

vide ne ille huc prorsus se irruat,

Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 11.—

Trop., to force one ' s way into, rush into, enter eagerly into or upon, seize upon:

in alienas possessiones,

Cic. de Or. 1, 10, 41:

verecunda debet esse translatio, ut deducta esse in alienum locum, non irruisse videatur,

id. ib. 3, 41, 165:

in odium alicujus et offensionem,

to incur, id. Verr. 1, 12, 35:

inruente in se Spiritu Dei,

Vulg. Num. 24, 2:

permulta sunt circumspicienda, ne quid offendas, ne quo irruas,

make a hasty blunder in speaking, Cic. de Or. 2, 74, 301.—

With dat.:

cladibus,

Luc. 7, 60.

irrŭo ( inr-), rŭi, 3, v. n. [in-ruo], to rush or force one ' s way into, invade, press into, make an attack upon.

Lit.:

ilico equites jubet dexterā inruere,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 88 (dub.;

Ussing, inducere): quam mox inruimus?

Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 18:

irruimus ferro,

Verg. A. 3, 222:

in aedis alienas,

Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 8:

in mediam aciem,

Cic. Fin. 2, 19, 61:

in aliquem,

id. Dom. 45:

super collum alicujus,

to embrace eagerly, Vulg. Gen. 46, 29:

super gladium suum,

id. 1 Par. 10, 4.—

With dat.:

flammis,

Claud. Cons. Mall. Theod. 194.—

With acc.:

proximos agros,

Front. 1, 5, 16:

Rhodopen,

Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 50:

Alpes,

id. Epigr. 77, 5:

has terras, of waters,

Amm. 17, 13, 4.—

With se:

vide ne ille huc prorsus se irruat,

Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 11.—

Trop., to force one ' s way into, rush into, enter eagerly into or upon, seize upon:

in alienas possessiones,

Cic. de Or. 1, 10, 41:

verecunda debet esse translatio, ut deducta esse in alienum locum, non irruisse videatur,

id. ib. 3, 41, 165:

in odium alicujus et offensionem,

to incur, id. Verr. 1, 12, 35:

inruente in se Spiritu Dei,

Vulg. Num. 24, 2:

permulta sunt circumspicienda, ne quid offendas, ne quo irruas,

make a hasty blunder in speaking, Cic. de Or. 2, 74, 301.—

With dat.:

cladibus,

Luc. 7, 60.

oscŭlum ( auscŭlum, Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 84; osclum, id. Truc. 1, 2, 8), i, n. dim. [1. os], a little mouth, pretty mouth, sweet mouth (cf.: labium, labellum).

Lit. (only poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

videt oscula, quae, etc.,

Ov. M. 1, 499; 10, 344: delibare, to touch, i. e. to kiss, Verg. A. 12, 434; id. G. 2, 523; Mart. 11, 92, 7; Suet. Aug. 94; Petr. 126; App. M. 3, p. 137, 41.—

Transf., a kiss (freq. and class.;

syn.: basium, suavium): utinam continuo ad osculum Atticae possim currere,

Cic. Att. 12, 1, 1:

oggerere,

to give, Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 8:

alicui ferre,

id. Ep. 4, 2, 4;

Cic. Fragm. ap. Non.: capere,

to take, Ov. 11, 13, 120:

figere,

to imprint, Verg. A. 1, 687:

carpere,

Ov. H. 11, 117:

sumere,

id. ib. 13, 141:

eripere,

Tib. 2, 5, 91:

jacere,

Tac. H. 1, 36:

accipere et dare,

Ov. H. 15, 132:

detorquere ad oscula Cervicem,

Hor. C. 2, 12, 25:

rapere,

to snatch, steal, Val. Fl. 1, 264:

breve,

a brief, hasty kiss, Tac. Agr. 4: osculi jus, the right of kissing between relatives of both sexes, Suet. Claud. 26:

in osculo sancto,

Vulg. Rom, 16, 16.

oscŭlum ( auscŭlum, Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 84; osclum, id. Truc. 1, 2, 8), i, n. dim. [1. os], a little mouth, pretty mouth, sweet mouth (cf.: labium, labellum).

Lit. (only poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

videt oscula, quae, etc.,

Ov. M. 1, 499; 10, 344: delibare, to touch, i. e. to kiss, Verg. A. 12, 434; id. G. 2, 523; Mart. 11, 92, 7; Suet. Aug. 94; Petr. 126; App. M. 3, p. 137, 41.—

Transf., a kiss (freq. and class.;

syn.: basium, suavium): utinam continuo ad osculum Atticae possim currere,

Cic. Att. 12, 1, 1:

oggerere,

to give, Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 8:

alicui ferre,

id. Ep. 4, 2, 4;

Cic. Fragm. ap. Non.: capere,

to take, Ov. 11, 13, 120:

figere,

to imprint, Verg. A. 1, 687:

carpere,

Ov. H. 11, 117:

sumere,

id. ib. 13, 141:

eripere,

Tib. 2, 5, 91:

jacere,

Tac. H. 1, 36:

accipere et dare,

Ov. H. 15, 132:

detorquere ad oscula Cervicem,

Hor. C. 2, 12, 25:

rapere,

to snatch, steal, Val. Fl. 1, 264:

breve,

a brief, hasty kiss, Tac. Agr. 4: osculi jus, the right of kissing between relatives of both sexes, Suet. Claud. 26:

in osculo sancto,

Vulg. Rom, 16, 16.

praecĭpĭto, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. and n. [praeceps], to throw or cast down headlong, to precipitate (class.; syn.. deicio, deturbo, proruo).

Lit.:

pilae in mare praecipitatae,

Nep. Alcib. 6 fin.:

truncas rupes in tecta domosque,

Stat. Th. 10, 881: currum scopulis, hurl or dash against, Ov. M. 15, 518:

pinus,

Stat. Achill. 2, 546.— Freq. with se or pass. in middle sense:

se e Leucade,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 18, 41:

se a tecto,

Sen. Ep. 4, 4:

se de turri,

Liv. 23, 37:

sese in fossas,

Caes. B. C. 3, 69:

praecipitasse se quosdam constabat (sc. de muro),

threw themselves from the wall, Liv. 23, 19, 6; Hor. S. 2, 3, 277:

plerique semet ipsi praecipitaverunt,

Liv. 21, 14, 1:

se in Tiberim,

id. 4, 12, 11; Caes. B. G. 4, 15; Curt. 4, 16, 16; 6, 6, 32;

Auct. B. Alex. 18: ubi Nilus praecipitans se fragore auditum accolis aufert,

Plin. 6, 29, 35, § 118:

praecipitare volens etiam pulcherrima,

to throw overboard, Juv. 12, 38.—Mid.:

cum alii super vallum praecipitarentur,

threw themselves down, Sall. J. 58, 6; Ov. F. 4, 164; id. M. 7, 760; 11, 556:

lux Praecipitatur aquis,

sinks in the ocean, sets, id. ib. 4, 92; cf.:

hac te praecipitato,

run this way, for life! Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 36.— Absol.: si quando iis (parvis) ludentes minamur, praecipitaturos alicunde, extimescunt, that we will throw them down from any place (= nos eos dejecturos), Cic. Fin. 5, 11, 31.—

Transf., in gen., to bend a thing down:

vitem,

Cato, R. R. 32, 2:

partem (vitis),

Col. 4, 20, 4:

palmitem,

id. 5, 6, 33.—

Trop.

To throw, hurl, or cast down, to precipitate: [p. 1414] praecipitari ex altissimo dignitatis gradu, Cic. Dom. 37, 98; cf.:

in tanta mala praeeipitatus ex patrio regno,

Sall. J. 14, 23.— Esp. with reflex. pron.:

semet ipse praecipitare,

to hasten to ruin, destroy one's self, Sall. J. 41, 9:

se in exitium,

Cels. 3, 21:

se in insidias,

Liv. 3, 18, 7 dub. (Madv. omits se):

furor iraque mentem Praecipitant,

carry away, urge onward, sway violently, Verg. A. 2, 317:

spem festinando praecipitare,

Ov. P. 3, 1, 140:

in senectam praecipitare,

to cause to grow old prematurely, Plin. 17, 12, 19, § 94:

quosdam praecipitat subjecta potentia magnae Invidiae,

Juv. 10, 56.—In pass., Cic. Rep. 2, 23, 43: nox praecipitata, declining, i. e. drawing to a close, Ov. Tr. 1, 3, 47; cf.: aetas praecipitata (opp. adulescens), declining age, Mat. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 5.—

To hasten, hurry a thing (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

quae Praecipitent obitum,

hasten their setting, Cic. Arat. 349:

vindemiam,

Col. 3, 21, 10:

consulta viri,

Sil. 3, 166:

ne praecipitetur editio,

Quint. Ep. ad Tryph. 2:

consilia raptim praecipitata,

precipitate, Liv. 31, 32.— Poet.:

moras,

i. e. exchange delay for haste, Verg. A. 8, 443; 12, 699:

Tiphyn pelago parari praecipitat,

Val. Fl. 2, 390:

cursum,

Juv. 15, 78.—

With acc. and inf., to hasten, press, urge to do any thing ( poet.):

dare tempus Praecipitant curae,

Verg. A. 11, 3:

si praecipitant miserum cognoscere curae,

Stat. Th. 1, 679. —

Neutr., to hasten or rush down, to throw one's self down, rush headlong, sink rapidly, to fall (class., but only of involuntary falling; cf. I. A.).

Lit.:

praecipitare istuc quidem est, non descendere,

Cic. N. D. 1, 32, 90:

de montibus altis ad terram,

Lucr. 4, 1021:

ubi Nilus praecipitat ex altissimis montibus,

Cic. Rep. 6, 18, 19; cf.:

Fibrenus... statim praecipitat in Lirem,

id. Leg. 2, 3, 6: and:

in amni praecipitante,

id. de Or. 3, 48, 186:

nimbi In vada praecipitant,

Verg. A. 9, 670; 11, 617:

in fossam,

Liv. 25, 11, 6; 7, 6, 9; 38, 2, 14;

39, 2, 3: in insidias,

id. 2, 51; 5, 18; Plin. 11, 24, 28, § 82:

non fugis hinc praeceps, dum praecipitare potestas?

Verg. A. 4, 565:

sol praecipitans,

Cic. de Or. 3, 55, 209:

jam nox caelo Praecipitat,

is sinking, draws to a close, Verg. A. 2, 9:

hiems jam praecipitaverat,

had closed, come to an end, Caes. B. C. 3, 25.—

Trop.

To fall down, to fall, rush, or sink to ruin:

qui in amorem Praecipitavit, pejus perit quam si saxo saliat,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 31:

praecipitantes impellere, certe est inhumanum,

Cic. Rab. Post. 1, 2; so,

praecipitantem impellamus,

id. Clu. 26, 70:

ubi non subest, quo praecipitet ac decidat,

he may tumble down, id. Rep. 1, 45, 69:

praecipitante re publicā,

id. Sull. 1, 1; cf. id. ib. 31, 87; and:

cum ad Cannas praecipitasset Romana res,

Liv. 27, 40:

ad exitium praecipitans,

Cic. Att. 3, 15, 7.—

To be too hasty:

cum vitiosum sit adsentiri quicquam aut falsum aut incognitum, sustinenda est potius omnis adsensio, ne praecipitet, si temere processerit,

Cic. Ac. 2, 21, 68.—Hence, praecĭpĭ-tanter, adv., hastily, precipitately:

agens mannos ad villam,

Lucr. 3, 1063.

praecox, cŏcis, also praecŏquis, e, and praecŏquus, a, um, adj. [praecoquo], ripe before its time, early ripe, rareripe, premature, precocious (syn. praematurus).

Lit.:

allium praecox,

Plin. 19, 6, 34, § 112:

rosa,

id. 21, 4, 10, § 19:

germinationes,

id. 17, 2, 2, § 16:

pira,

Col. 5, 10:

vites praecoquis fructus,

id. 3, 2:

ex unā praecoque vite,

id. 3, 9:

uvas praecoquas legere,

id. 12, 37:

arbores,

bearing fruit before their time, Plin. 16, 27, 50, § 114: quando jam praecoquae uvae vesci possunt, when the earliest grapes are ripe, Vulg. Num. 13, 21. —

Transf.: loca, and subst.: prae-cŏcĭa, ĭum, n., places where fruits ripen early, Plin. 17, 11, 16, § 79; 18, 24, 54, § 197. —

Trop., over-hasty, premature, precocious, untimely ( poet. and in post - Aug. prose; not in Cic.): pugna, Enn. ap. Non. 150, 16 (Ann. v. 282):

ingeniorum velut praecox genus,

Quint. 1, 3, 3:

risus praecox,

Plin. 7 prooem. 1, §

2: audacia,

i. e. of a boy, Sen. Brev. Vit. 6: fuga, Lucil. ap. Non. 150, 17; Varr. ap. ib. 157, 3: praecoquis libido, Nov. ap. ib. 150, 18; Afran. ap. Gell. 10, 11, 9.—

* Adv.: praecŏquē, prematurely, etc.: properans, Auct. Itin. Alex. 38 Mai.

praecox, cŏcis, also praecŏquis, e, and praecŏquus, a, um, adj. [praecoquo], ripe before its time, early ripe, rareripe, premature, precocious (syn. praematurus).

Lit.:

allium praecox,

Plin. 19, 6, 34, § 112:

rosa,

id. 21, 4, 10, § 19:

germinationes,

id. 17, 2, 2, § 16:

pira,

Col. 5, 10:

vites praecoquis fructus,

id. 3, 2:

ex unā praecoque vite,

id. 3, 9:

uvas praecoquas legere,

id. 12, 37:

arbores,

bearing fruit before their time, Plin. 16, 27, 50, § 114: quando jam praecoquae uvae vesci possunt, when the earliest grapes are ripe, Vulg. Num. 13, 21. —

Transf.: loca, and subst.: prae-cŏcĭa, ĭum, n., places where fruits ripen early, Plin. 17, 11, 16, § 79; 18, 24, 54, § 197. —

Trop., over-hasty, premature, precocious, untimely ( poet. and in post - Aug. prose; not in Cic.): pugna, Enn. ap. Non. 150, 16 (Ann. v. 282):

ingeniorum velut praecox genus,

Quint. 1, 3, 3:

risus praecox,

Plin. 7 prooem. 1, §

2: audacia,

i. e. of a boy, Sen. Brev. Vit. 6: fuga, Lucil. ap. Non. 150, 17; Varr. ap. ib. 157, 3: praecoquis libido, Nov. ap. ib. 150, 18; Afran. ap. Gell. 10, 11, 9.—

* Adv.: praecŏquē, prematurely, etc.: properans, Auct. Itin. Alex. 38 Mai.

prae-rumpo, rūpi, ruptum, 3, v. a., to break or tear off before or in front (class.):

retinacula classis,

Ov. M. 14, 547:

funes praerumpebantur,

were broken off, Caes. B. G. 3, 14:

uncus praerumpitur,

Col. 3, 18, 2. —

Trop., to wrench, tear to pieces (late Lat.):

purgativa medicamina praerumpunt corpora,

Cael. Aur. Acut. 2, 21, 128.—Hence, prae-ruptus, a, um, P. a., broken or torn off; hence, of places, steep, abrupt, rugged (syn.: abscisus, abruptus).

Lit.:

saxa,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 56, § 145:

loca,

Caes. B. G. 7, 86:

praeruptum atque asperum jugum,

id. B. C. 2, 24:

praeruptum undique oppidum,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 40:

praeruptus et difficilis descensus,

id. ib.:

nemus,

Hor. S. 2, 6, 91:

mons,

Verg. A. 1, 105:

rupes,

Suet. Tib. 40:

fossae,

Tac. H. 2, 41.— Absol.: praerupta, ōrum, n., steep or rugged places:

praerupta collium,

Just. 41, 1, 11:

petere,

Plin. 8, 42, 64, § 156.—In sing.:

ad praeruptum petrae,

Vulg. 2 Par. 25, 12.— Comp.:

praeruptior collis,

Col. 3, 13.— Sup.:

omnes oppidi partes praeruptissimis saxis munitae,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 33.—

Trop., hasty, rash, precipitate (post-Aug.).

Of persons:

juvenis animo praeruptus,

Tac. A. 16, 7.—

Of things:

praerupta audacia, tanta temeritas ut non procul abhorreat ab insaniā,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 24, 68:

dominatio,

hard, stern, Tac. A. 5, 3:

praeruptum atque anceps periculum,

critical, extreme, Vell. 2, 2, 3:

seditio,

dangerous, Dig. 28, 3, 6.—Hence, praerūpium, ii, n. [prae - rupes], the rocky wall, line, or wall of rocks (late Lat.):

fluminis,

App. Mag. 8, p. 278 med. (dub.; al. praeripia, q. v.); Serv. Verg. A. 6, 704; sing., Tert. adv. Marc. 4, 38.

prae-rumpo, rūpi, ruptum, 3, v. a., to break or tear off before or in front (class.):

retinacula classis,

Ov. M. 14, 547:

funes praerumpebantur,

were broken off, Caes. B. G. 3, 14:

uncus praerumpitur,

Col. 3, 18, 2. —

Trop., to wrench, tear to pieces (late Lat.):

purgativa medicamina praerumpunt corpora,

Cael. Aur. Acut. 2, 21, 128.—Hence, prae-ruptus, a, um, P. a., broken or torn off; hence, of places, steep, abrupt, rugged (syn.: abscisus, abruptus).

Lit.:

saxa,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 56, § 145:

loca,

Caes. B. G. 7, 86:

praeruptum atque asperum jugum,

id. B. C. 2, 24:

praeruptum undique oppidum,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 40:

praeruptus et difficilis descensus,

id. ib.:

nemus,

Hor. S. 2, 6, 91:

mons,

Verg. A. 1, 105:

rupes,

Suet. Tib. 40:

fossae,

Tac. H. 2, 41.— Absol.: praerupta, ōrum, n., steep or rugged places:

praerupta collium,

Just. 41, 1, 11:

petere,

Plin. 8, 42, 64, § 156.—In sing.:

ad praeruptum petrae,

Vulg. 2 Par. 25, 12.— Comp.:

praeruptior collis,

Col. 3, 13.— Sup.:

omnes oppidi partes praeruptissimis saxis munitae,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 33.—

Trop., hasty, rash, precipitate (post-Aug.).

Of persons:

juvenis animo praeruptus,

Tac. A. 16, 7.—

Of things:

praerupta audacia, tanta temeritas ut non procul abhorreat ab insaniā,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 24, 68:

dominatio,

hard, stern, Tac. A. 5, 3:

praeruptum atque anceps periculum,

critical, extreme, Vell. 2, 2, 3:

seditio,

dangerous, Dig. 28, 3, 6.—Hence, praerūpium, ii, n. [prae - rupes], the rocky wall, line, or wall of rocks (late Lat.):

fluminis,

App. Mag. 8, p. 278 med. (dub.; al. praeripia, q. v.); Serv. Verg. A. 6, 704; sing., Tert. adv. Marc. 4, 38.

prae-rumpo, rūpi, ruptum, 3, v. a., to break or tear off before or in front (class.):

retinacula classis,

Ov. M. 14, 547:

funes praerumpebantur,

were broken off, Caes. B. G. 3, 14:

uncus praerumpitur,

Col. 3, 18, 2. —

Trop., to wrench, tear to pieces (late Lat.):

purgativa medicamina praerumpunt corpora,

Cael. Aur. Acut. 2, 21, 128.—Hence, prae-ruptus, a, um, P. a., broken or torn off; hence, of places, steep, abrupt, rugged (syn.: abscisus, abruptus).

Lit.:

saxa,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 56, § 145:

loca,

Caes. B. G. 7, 86:

praeruptum atque asperum jugum,

id. B. C. 2, 24:

praeruptum undique oppidum,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 40:

praeruptus et difficilis descensus,

id. ib.:

nemus,

Hor. S. 2, 6, 91:

mons,

Verg. A. 1, 105:

rupes,

Suet. Tib. 40:

fossae,

Tac. H. 2, 41.— Absol.: praerupta, ōrum, n., steep or rugged places:

praerupta collium,

Just. 41, 1, 11:

petere,

Plin. 8, 42, 64, § 156.—In sing.:

ad praeruptum petrae,

Vulg. 2 Par. 25, 12.— Comp.:

praeruptior collis,

Col. 3, 13.— Sup.:

omnes oppidi partes praeruptissimis saxis munitae,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 33.—

Trop., hasty, rash, precipitate (post-Aug.).

Of persons:

juvenis animo praeruptus,

Tac. A. 16, 7.—

Of things:

praerupta audacia, tanta temeritas ut non procul abhorreat ab insaniā,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 24, 68:

dominatio,

hard, stern, Tac. A. 5, 3:

praeruptum atque anceps periculum,

critical, extreme, Vell. 2, 2, 3:

seditio,

dangerous, Dig. 28, 3, 6.—Hence, praerūpium, ii, n. [prae - rupes], the rocky wall, line, or wall of rocks (late Lat.):

fluminis,

App. Mag. 8, p. 278 med. (dub.; al. praeripia, q. v.); Serv. Verg. A. 6, 704; sing., Tert. adv. Marc. 4, 38.

prŏpĕro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. and n. [properus].

Act., to hasten, quicken, accelerate; to prepare, make, or do with haste (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

alia quae incepto usui forent properare,

Sall. J. 37, 4:

itineris properandi causā,

id. ib. [p. 1469] 105, 2:

properato itinere,

id. ib. 112, 2:

vascula intus pure propera,

Plaut. Aul. 2, 3, 3:

obsonia,

id. Cas. 2, 8, 57:

fulmina,

Verg. G. 4, 171:

pecuniam heredi,

Hor. C. 3, 24, 62:

mortem,

Tib. 4, 1, 205; Verg. A. 9, 401:

coeptum iter,

Tac. H. 3, 40:

deditionem,

id. A. 2, 22:

caedem,

id. ib. 11, 37:

naves,

id. ib. 2, 6:

hoc studium,

Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 28.—In pass.:

vellera properabantur,

Hor. Epod. 12, 21: teneri properentur amores, Dum vacat, let them be sung hastily or briefly, Ov. Am. 3, 1, 69:

properatur amor,

id. M. 5, 396:

hinc porticus, inde delubra properantur,

Plin. Pan. 51, 3.—

Neutr., to make haste, to hasten, be quick (class.): aliud est properare, aliud festinare. Qui unum quid mature transigit, is properat: qui multa simul incipit neque perficit, is festinat, Cato ap. Gell. 16, 14, 2; id. ap. Fest. p. 234 Müll.; id. ap. Non. 441, 22:

propera, fer pedem,

Plaut. Men. 3, 3, 30:

properatin' ocius?

id. Curc. 2, 2, 33:

simulabat sese negotii causā properare,

Sall. J. 76, 1; 58, 6:

in Italiam,

Caes. B. G. 2, 35; id. B. C. 2, 20:

ad praedam, ad gloriam,

id. ib. 2, 39:

ad gaudia,

Hor. C. 4, 12, 21:

Romam,

Cic. Mil. 19, 49:

in patriam,

id. Fam. 12, 25:

in fata,

Luc. 8, 658:

sacris, for a sacris,

Ov. M. 6, 201; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 58;

but sometimes with collat. notion of excessive haste: properantibus Blaesus advenit, increpabatque, etc. (cf. the context),

Tac. A. 1, 18; 13, 17.— With sup.: ultro licentiam in vos auctum, atque adjutum properatis, Sall. Or. Licin. ad Pleb. (H. 3, 61, 16 Dietsch).—With inf.:

argentum propere propera vomere,

Plaut. Curc. 5, 3, 10:

redire in patriam,

Cic. Prov. Cons. 14, 35:

quin huc ad vos venire propero?

id. Rep. 6, 15, 15:

signa inferre, atque evadere oppido,

Sall. J. 56, 5:

pervenire,

Caes. B. G. 2, 11:

aliquem amando Perdere,

Hor. C. 1, 8, 2.—With object-clause:

se quisque hostem ferire properabat,

Sall. C. 7, 6; Amm. 25, 7.— Impers. pass.:

properatum vehementer, cum, etc.,

Cic. Sull. 19, 54; Verg. A. 4, 416.— Transf., of inanimate subjects, with inf. pass.:

mala decerpi properantia,

Plin. 15, 14, 15, § 52.—Hence,

prŏpĕrans, antis, P. a., hastening, hasty, rapid, speedy (class.):

ille properans, festinans,

Cic. Phil. 9, 3, 6:

haec properantes scripsimus,

in haste, id. Att. 4, 4, a.— Comp.:

rotam solito properantior urget,

Claud. in Ruf. 2, 337.—Hence, adv.: prŏpĕran-ter, hastily, speedily, quickly (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose; cf.:

propere, cito, festinanter, celeriter, etc.),

Lucr. 5, 300:

properanter accepit codicillos,

Tac. A. 16, 24.— Comp.:

beneficia properantius, quam aes mutuum, reddere,

Sall. J. 96, 2; 8, 2:

ire,

Ov. F. 4, 673.— Sup.: properantissime aliquid afferre, Cod. Th. 11, 30, 8.—

prŏpĕrātus, a, um, P. a., hurried, accelerated, rapid, quick, speedy (mostly poet.):

tabellae,

Ov. M. 9, 586:

mors,

id. Tr. 3, 3, 34:

gloria rerum,

id. M. 15, 748:

meta curribus,

i. e. rapidly approached, Mart. 10, 50, 7:

naves,

Tac. A. 2, 6:

tela,

id. ib. 2, 80.— Comp.:

properatius tempus,

Sol. 26.— Absol.: properato opus est, there is need of haste:

accurato et properato opus est,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 210:

erat nihil, cur properato opus esset,

Cic. Mil. 19, 49.—Hence, adv.: prŏpĕrā-tō, quickly, speedily (Tac.):

properato ad mortem agitur,

Tac. A. 13, 1.

rēpens, entis, Part., from repo.

rĕpens, entis, adj. [etymology unknown].

Lit., sudden, hasty, unexpected, unlooked for (class., but less freq. than the deriv. repentinus; for the most part only in nom. sing.; a favorite word with Liv.; cf. Drak. ad Liv. 8, 29, 1):

ne me inparatum cura laceraret repens, Cic. poët. Tusc. 3, 14, 29: hostium adventus (opp. exspectatus, and with maris subita tempestas),

id. Tusc. 3, 22, 52:

adventus consulis,

Liv. 9, 41:

bellum,

id. 4, 14; 10, 7:

casus Attali,

id. 33, 2:

clades,

id. 22, 7; 8:

defectio,

id. 8, 29:

fama belli,

id. 6, 42:

cum fama repens alio avertit bellum,

id. 22, 21, 6:

religio,

id. 29, 10:

terror,

id. 21, 30; 33, 15:

tumultus,

id. 1, 14; 10, 18; 21, 26:

discordia,

Verg. A. 12, 313:

seditio,

Ov. M. 12, 61:

clamor,

Sil. 3, 220:

singultus vocis,

Stat. Th. 7, 360:

sonus,

Sen. Med. 971:

vox,

Val. Fl. 2, 91:

consternatio,

Curt. 10, 2, 15. — In abl.:

repenti fulminis ictu,

Lucr. 5, 400.—

Transf. (in Tac.), opp. to earlier, more ancient, i. e. for recens, new, fresh, recent:

neque discerneres, quid repens aut vetustate obscurum,

Tac. A. 6, 7; 11, 24:

causa,

id. ib. 15, 68:

cogitatio,

id. H. 1, 23; 2, 49:

perfidia,

id. ib. 4, 25.— Adv., in two forms, suddenly, unexpectedly.

rĕpens:

(Janus) Bina repens oculis obtulit ora meis,

Ov. F. 1, 96.—

rĕpentē (class. and freq.):

abripuit repente sese subito,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 21; so (corresp. to subito) Cic. de Or. 1, 59, 252: repente exortus [p. 1568] sum, repentino occidi, Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 37:

repente celeriterque,

Caes. B. G. 1, 52:

repente e vestigio,

Cic. Div. in Caecil. 17, 57:

repente a tergo signa canere,

Sall. J. 94, 5:

repente praeter spem,

Cic. Fam. 4, 4, 3:

repente ex inopinato,

Suet. Galb. 10; cf.:

cunctisque repente Improvisus ait,

Verg. A. 1, 594:

lapsa repente (turris),

id. ib. 2, 465:

amicitias repente praecidere (opp. sensim dissuere),

Cic. Off. 1, 33, 120:

repente collectam auctoritatem tenebant,

Caes. B. G. 6, 12 fin.; cf.:

modo egens, repente dives,

Cic. Phil. 2, 27, 65:

an dolor repente invasit?

Ter. Hec. 3, 2, 21:

me repente horum aspectus repressit,

Cic. Sest. 39, 144:

abjectus conscientiā repente conticuit,

id. Cat. 3, 5, 10; id. Rep. 1, 16, 25:

cum circumfusa repente Scindit se nubes,

Verg. A. 1, 586 et saep.

rĕpens, adv., v. 2. repens fin. a.