frame

carnārĭus, a, um, adj. [2. caro], of or belonging to flesh; subst.

carnārĭus, ii, m.

Carnarius kreôpôlês, a dealer in flesh, a butcher, Gloss. Vet.—

Humorously, one who admires a plump habit of body, a lump of flesh, Mart. 11, 100, 6.—

car-nārĭum, ii, n.

A frame furnished with hooks to hang up meats over the hearth for smoking or drying, etc., Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 64; 1, 2, 66; Cato, R. R. 13, 1; 14, 2; Varr. R. R. 2, 4, 3; id. ap. Non. 400, 14; 545, 12; Col. 12, 53, 3; 135, 4; 136, 1.—

A larder, pantry, Plaut. Capt. 4, 4, 6; id. Curc. 2, 3, 45; Plin. 18, 25, 60, § 227; 19, 4, 19, § 57.

cōmo, mpsi (msi), mptum (mtum), 3, v. a. [co- (i. e. con) and emo; cf.: demo, promo].

To bring together, form, frame, construct (Lucretian):

dum perspicis omnem Naturam rerum quā constet compta figurā,

Lucr. 1, 950 Munro ad loc.:

nunc ea quo pacto inter sese mixta quibusque compta modis vigeant,

id. 3, 259:

quibus e rebus cum corpore compta vigeret (animi natura), Quove modo distracta rediret in ordia prima,

id. 4, 27.—

To care for, take care of.

Prop., in the class. per. usu. of the care of the hair, to comb, arrange, braid, dress; absol.:

amica dum comit dumque se exornat,

Plaut. Stich. 5, 4, 19:

capillos,

Cic. Pis. 11, 25; Verg. A. 10, 832:

nitidum caput,

Tib. 1, 8, 16:

caput in gradus atque anulos,

Quint. 12, 10, 47:

comas acu,

id. 2, 5, 12:

comas hasta recurva,

Ov. F. 2, 560:

capillos dente secto,

Mart. 12, 83.— Transf. to the person:

sacerdos Fronde super galeam et felici comptus olivā,

wreathed, Verg. A. 7, 751:

Tisiphone serpentibus undique compta,

id. Cul. 218:

pueri praecincti et compti,

Hor. S. 2, 8, 70:

longas compta puella comas,

Ov. Am. 1, 1, 20.—

In partic., to adorn, deck, ornament:

corpora si quis vulsa atque fucata muliebriter comat,

Quint. 8, prooem. §

19: colla genasque,

Stat. S. 1, 2, 110:

vultus,

Claud. in Eutr. 2, 337:

vestes et cingula manu,

id. VI. Cons. Hon. 525.—

Transf. of things:

vittā comptos praetendere ramos,

Verg. A. 8, 128: colus compta, i. e. furnished or adorned with wool, Plin. 8, 48, 74, § 194.—

Trop., to deck, adorn:

Cleopatra simulatum compta dolorem,

Luc. 10, 83.—Esp. freq. of rhet. ornament:

non quia comi expolirique non debeat (oratio),

Quint. 8, 3, 42; cf.:

linguae orationisque comendae gratiā,

Gell. 1, 9, 10.—Hence, comptus ( - mtus), a, um, P. a., adorned, ornamented, decked:

juvenes ut femina compti,

Ov. H. 4, 75:

anima mundissima atque comptissima,

Aug. Quant. Anim. 33.—But usu. of discourse, embellished, elegant:

compta et mitis oratio,

Cic. Sen. 9, 28 (al. composita):

comptior sermo,

Tac. H. 1, 19:

(Vinicius) comptae facundiae,

id. A. 6, 15.— Transf. to the person:

Isocrates in diverso genere dicendi nitidus et comptus,

Quint. 10, 1, 79. — Adv.: comptē ( comt-), with ornament, elegantly, only trop.:

compte disserere,

Sen. Ep. 75, 6:

agere rem,

Gell. 7, 3, 52.—

* Comp.:

comptius dicere,

Gell. 7, 3, 53.— Sup., Plaut. Mil. 3, 3, 66, acc. to Ritschl (al. comissime).

cŏmo, no perf., ātum, 1, v. n. and a. [coma].

Neutr., to be furnished with hair (as verb. finit. only post-class.), Paul. Nol. 28, 246.—But freq. cŏmans, antis, P. a.

Having long hair, hairy, covered with hair ( poet. or in post-Aug. prose):

colla equorum,

Verg. A. 12, 86; cf.:

equus florā et comante jubā,

Gell. 3, 9, 3:

equae,

Plin. 10, 63, 83, § 180:

tori,

Verg. A. 12, 6:

crines,

Sil. 16, 59:

saetae hircorum,

Verg. G. 3, 312; cf.:

pellis comata villis,

Val. Fl. 8, 122:

galea = cristata,

crested, plumed, Verg. A. 2, 391; cf.

cristae,

id. ib. 3, 468.—

Transf., of growths, etc., resembling hair:

stella,

having a radiant, hairy train, a comet, Ov. M. 15, 749:

astro comantes Tyndaridae,

ornamented with stars, Val. Fl. 5, 267:

sera comans narcissus,

that puts out leaves late, Verg. G. 4, 122:

dictamnus flore Purpureo,

id. A. 12, 413:

jugum silvae,

leafy, Val. Fl. 3, 403:

silvae,

id. 1, 429:

folia,

luxuriant, Plin. 13, 8, 16, § 59:

pinus,

Sil. 10, 550:

humus,

Stat. Th. 5, 502.—

Act., to clothe or deck with hair or something like hair (as verb. finit. only post-class.), Tert. Pall. 3.—Freq. (esp. in the post-Aug. per.) cŏmātus, a, um, P. a., having long hair:

tempora,

Mart. 10, 83, 13; Val. Fl. 7, 636; and subst.: cŏmā-tus, i, m., Suet. Calig. 35; Mart. 1, 73, 8; 12, 70, 9.—As adj. propr.: Gallia Comata, Transalpine Gaul (opp. togata), Cic. Phil. 8, 9, 27; Mel. 3, 2, 4; Plin. 4, 17, 31, § 105; Cat. 29, 3; Luc. 1, 443.— Transf.:

silva,

leafy, Cat. 4, 11.

compactĭo, ōnis, f. [compingo].

In abstr., a joining together:

membrorum,

Cic. Fin. 5, 11, 33.—

In concr., the things that are joined together, a structure, frame, Vitr. 10, 15, 2 Schneid.

cōmo, mpsi (msi), mptum (mtum), 3, v. a. [co- (i. e. con) and emo; cf.: demo, promo].

To bring together, form, frame, construct (Lucretian):

dum perspicis omnem Naturam rerum quā constet compta figurā,

Lucr. 1, 950 Munro ad loc.:

nunc ea quo pacto inter sese mixta quibusque compta modis vigeant,

id. 3, 259:

quibus e rebus cum corpore compta vigeret (animi natura), Quove modo distracta rediret in ordia prima,

id. 4, 27.—

To care for, take care of.

Prop., in the class. per. usu. of the care of the hair, to comb, arrange, braid, dress; absol.:

amica dum comit dumque se exornat,

Plaut. Stich. 5, 4, 19:

capillos,

Cic. Pis. 11, 25; Verg. A. 10, 832:

nitidum caput,

Tib. 1, 8, 16:

caput in gradus atque anulos,

Quint. 12, 10, 47:

comas acu,

id. 2, 5, 12:

comas hasta recurva,

Ov. F. 2, 560:

capillos dente secto,

Mart. 12, 83.— Transf. to the person:

sacerdos Fronde super galeam et felici comptus olivā,

wreathed, Verg. A. 7, 751:

Tisiphone serpentibus undique compta,

id. Cul. 218:

pueri praecincti et compti,

Hor. S. 2, 8, 70:

longas compta puella comas,

Ov. Am. 1, 1, 20.—

In partic., to adorn, deck, ornament:

corpora si quis vulsa atque fucata muliebriter comat,

Quint. 8, prooem. §

19: colla genasque,

Stat. S. 1, 2, 110:

vultus,

Claud. in Eutr. 2, 337:

vestes et cingula manu,

id. VI. Cons. Hon. 525.—

Transf. of things:

vittā comptos praetendere ramos,

Verg. A. 8, 128: colus compta, i. e. furnished or adorned with wool, Plin. 8, 48, 74, § 194.—

Trop., to deck, adorn:

Cleopatra simulatum compta dolorem,

Luc. 10, 83.—Esp. freq. of rhet. ornament:

non quia comi expolirique non debeat (oratio),

Quint. 8, 3, 42; cf.:

linguae orationisque comendae gratiā,

Gell. 1, 9, 10.—Hence, comptus ( - mtus), a, um, P. a., adorned, ornamented, decked:

juvenes ut femina compti,

Ov. H. 4, 75:

anima mundissima atque comptissima,

Aug. Quant. Anim. 33.—But usu. of discourse, embellished, elegant:

compta et mitis oratio,

Cic. Sen. 9, 28 (al. composita):

comptior sermo,

Tac. H. 1, 19:

(Vinicius) comptae facundiae,

id. A. 6, 15.— Transf. to the person:

Isocrates in diverso genere dicendi nitidus et comptus,

Quint. 10, 1, 79. — Adv.: comptē ( comt-), with ornament, elegantly, only trop.:

compte disserere,

Sen. Ep. 75, 6:

agere rem,

Gell. 7, 3, 52.—

* Comp.:

comptius dicere,

Gell. 7, 3, 53.— Sup., Plaut. Mil. 3, 3, 66, acc. to Ritschl (al. comissime).

cŏmo, no perf., ātum, 1, v. n. and a. [coma].

Neutr., to be furnished with hair (as verb. finit. only post-class.), Paul. Nol. 28, 246.—But freq. cŏmans, antis, P. a.

Having long hair, hairy, covered with hair ( poet. or in post-Aug. prose):

colla equorum,

Verg. A. 12, 86; cf.:

equus florā et comante jubā,

Gell. 3, 9, 3:

equae,

Plin. 10, 63, 83, § 180:

tori,

Verg. A. 12, 6:

crines,

Sil. 16, 59:

saetae hircorum,

Verg. G. 3, 312; cf.:

pellis comata villis,

Val. Fl. 8, 122:

galea = cristata,

crested, plumed, Verg. A. 2, 391; cf.

cristae,

id. ib. 3, 468.—

Transf., of growths, etc., resembling hair:

stella,

having a radiant, hairy train, a comet, Ov. M. 15, 749:

astro comantes Tyndaridae,

ornamented with stars, Val. Fl. 5, 267:

sera comans narcissus,

that puts out leaves late, Verg. G. 4, 122:

dictamnus flore Purpureo,

id. A. 12, 413:

jugum silvae,

leafy, Val. Fl. 3, 403:

silvae,

id. 1, 429:

folia,

luxuriant, Plin. 13, 8, 16, § 59:

pinus,

Sil. 10, 550:

humus,

Stat. Th. 5, 502.—

Act., to clothe or deck with hair or something like hair (as verb. finit. only post-class.), Tert. Pall. 3.—Freq. (esp. in the post-Aug. per.) cŏmātus, a, um, P. a., having long hair:

tempora,

Mart. 10, 83, 13; Val. Fl. 7, 636; and subst.: cŏmā-tus, i, m., Suet. Calig. 35; Mart. 1, 73, 8; 12, 70, 9.—As adj. propr.: Gallia Comata, Transalpine Gaul (opp. togata), Cic. Phil. 8, 9, 27; Mel. 3, 2, 4; Plin. 4, 17, 31, § 105; Cat. 29, 3; Luc. 1, 443.— Transf.:

silva,

leafy, Cat. 4, 11.

com-pingo ( conp-), pēgi, pactum, 3, v. a. [con-pango].

To join or unite several parts into one whole, to put together, frame, make by joining, compose (in verb. finit. mostly in post-Aug. prose).

Prop.:

roboreis axibus compingitur solum,

Col. 6, 19, 1:

navem iisdem tabulis (opp. dissolvo),

Dig. 45, 1, 83; cf.:

Argo compacta manu Palladiā,

Sen. Med. 365:

PONTEM,

Inscr. Orell. 39:

casam male,

Mart. 12, 72:

caput tenuissimis ossiculis,

Gell. 6, 1, 1; Vitr. 10, 2, 14:

crepidas sibi,

App. Flor. 9 al.:

verbum unum ex multitudine et negotio,

Gell. 11, 16, 4:

Graece nescio quid ais te compegisse, quod ut aeque pauca scripta, placeat tibi,

Front. Ep. ad M. Caes. 1, 6.—In part. perf.:

quid tam compositum tamque conpactum et coagmentatum inveniri potest?

Cic. Fin. 3, 22, 74; cf. id. Univ. 8 med.:

fistula disparibus septem cicutis,

Verg. E. 2, 36:

trabes,

id. A. 12, 674:

membra animantum,

framed together, Lucr. 5, 919; cf. under P. a. —

Trop. (post-class.):

falsa de Christo,

Arn. 1, p. 34:

fabulas ignominiosas de diis,

id. 4, p. 148.—

Compingere aliquem or aliquid aliquo, to confine, lock up, put, conceal (several times in Plaut. and Cic., elsewh. rare).

Prop.:

aliquem in carcerem,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 3; id. Men. 5, 5, 39; cf.:

ipsam (Rheam) in vincula,

Aur. Vict. Vir. Ill. 1:

se in Appuliam,

Cic. Att. 8, 8, 1:

aurum atque argentum ubi omne conpactum fuit?

Plaut. Rud. 2, 6, 62.—

Trop.:

quae parentis tam in angustum tuos locum conpegeris,

Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 103:

in judicia et contiunculas, tamquam in aliquod pistrinum, detrudi et compingi,

Cic. de Or. 1, 11, 46:

aufer, utere (pallā), vel tu vel tua uxor, vel etiam in loculos compingite,

keep it, thrust it into your pockets, Plaut. Men. 4, 3, 17 Ritschl N. cr. —Hence, compactus, a, um, P. a., of figure or form, compact, thick-set, thick, firm (freq. in post-Aug. prose):

compacto corpore et robusto,

Plin. Ep. 7, 24, 1:

boves,

Col. 6, 1, 2: compactis firmisque membris, * Suet. Vesp. 20:

cruribus,

Col. 6, 1, 3; 6, 37, 6:

compactā et torosā cervice,

Pall. Mart. 11, 2.

com-pingo, pinxi, 3, v. a., to paint over; only trop.:

Aristarchi ineptiae, quibus aliena carmina compinxit,

disguised, covered, Sen. Ep. 88, 39.

com-pingo ( conp-), pēgi, pactum, 3, v. a. [con-pango].

To join or unite several parts into one whole, to put together, frame, make by joining, compose (in verb. finit. mostly in post-Aug. prose).

Prop.:

roboreis axibus compingitur solum,

Col. 6, 19, 1:

navem iisdem tabulis (opp. dissolvo),

Dig. 45, 1, 83; cf.:

Argo compacta manu Palladiā,

Sen. Med. 365:

PONTEM,

Inscr. Orell. 39:

casam male,

Mart. 12, 72:

caput tenuissimis ossiculis,

Gell. 6, 1, 1; Vitr. 10, 2, 14:

crepidas sibi,

App. Flor. 9 al.:

verbum unum ex multitudine et negotio,

Gell. 11, 16, 4:

Graece nescio quid ais te compegisse, quod ut aeque pauca scripta, placeat tibi,

Front. Ep. ad M. Caes. 1, 6.—In part. perf.:

quid tam compositum tamque conpactum et coagmentatum inveniri potest?

Cic. Fin. 3, 22, 74; cf. id. Univ. 8 med.:

fistula disparibus septem cicutis,

Verg. E. 2, 36:

trabes,

id. A. 12, 674:

membra animantum,

framed together, Lucr. 5, 919; cf. under P. a. —

Trop. (post-class.):

falsa de Christo,

Arn. 1, p. 34:

fabulas ignominiosas de diis,

id. 4, p. 148.—

Compingere aliquem or aliquid aliquo, to confine, lock up, put, conceal (several times in Plaut. and Cic., elsewh. rare).

Prop.:

aliquem in carcerem,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 3; id. Men. 5, 5, 39; cf.:

ipsam (Rheam) in vincula,

Aur. Vict. Vir. Ill. 1:

se in Appuliam,

Cic. Att. 8, 8, 1:

aurum atque argentum ubi omne conpactum fuit?

Plaut. Rud. 2, 6, 62.—

Trop.:

quae parentis tam in angustum tuos locum conpegeris,

Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 103:

in judicia et contiunculas, tamquam in aliquod pistrinum, detrudi et compingi,

Cic. de Or. 1, 11, 46:

aufer, utere (pallā), vel tu vel tua uxor, vel etiam in loculos compingite,

keep it, thrust it into your pockets, Plaut. Men. 4, 3, 17 Ritschl N. cr. —Hence, compactus, a, um, P. a., of figure or form, compact, thick-set, thick, firm (freq. in post-Aug. prose):

compacto corpore et robusto,

Plin. Ep. 7, 24, 1:

boves,

Col. 6, 1, 2: compactis firmisque membris, * Suet. Vesp. 20:

cruribus,

Col. 6, 1, 3; 6, 37, 6:

compactā et torosā cervice,

Pall. Mart. 11, 2.

com-pingo, pinxi, 3, v. a., to paint over; only trop.:

Aristarchi ineptiae, quibus aliena carmina compinxit,

disguised, covered, Sen. Ep. 88, 39.

corpus, ŏris, n. [cf. Sanscr. kar-, to make; Lat. creo], any object composed of materials perceptible by the senses, body, substance (opp. anima and animus; cf. the definition in Dig. 41, 3, 30 pr.).

Lit. (very frequent in every period and species of composition).

In gen., a body, whether living or lifeless:

tangere aut tangi nisi corpus nulla potest res,

Lucr. 1, 305:

animi voluptates et dolores nasci fatemur e corporis voluptatibus et doloribus, etc.,

Cic. Fin. 1, 17, 55; cf. id. Tusc. 4, 10, 23:

vita, quae corpore et spiritu continetur,

id. Marcell. 9, 28:

parvissima quaeque Corpora constabunt ex partibus infinitis,

Lucr. 1, 617:

ignea rerum,

id. 1, 680:

terraï,

id. 5, 236:

acerbum Neptuni,

id. 2, 472:

aquae,

id. 2, 232 et saep.— Poet., plur. for sing.:

nudabant corpora (nymphae) venti,

Ov. M. 1, 527; Tib. 1, 8, 52 (cf. sômata, Soph. Elec. 1232).—

In partic.

The flesh of animal bodies:

ossa subjecta corpori,

Cic. N. D. 2, 55, 139; cf. Quint. 1, prooem. § 24;

12, 10, 5: amittere,

to become poor, lean, Lucr. 1, 1038; Cic. Fam. 7, 26, 2 fin.; cf.:

abiit corpusque colorque,

Ov. H. 3, 141;

and the opp. facere,

to become fat, to thrive, Cels. 7, 3 fin.; cf.:

quo cibo fecisti tantum corporis,

Phaedr. 3, 7, 5.—In a play upon words:

inque omni nusquam corpore corpus erat,

Mart. Spect. 7, 6.—

Transf., the wood under the bark of a tree, Plin. 17, 24, 37, § 234.—Of discourse:

nervis illis, quibus causa continetur, adiciunt superinducti corporis speciem,

the covering, integument, Quint. 5, 8, 2; 2, 10, 5:

corpus eloquentiae facere,

the substance, the most essential part, id. 10, 1, 87; cf.:

corpus orationis enervatur,

Petr. 2.—

A lifeless body, a corpse, Caes. B. G. 2, 10; 2, 27; Liv. 32, 13, 8 et saep.; Ov. M. 7, 548; id. F. 2, 835 al.—In a double sense, Cic. Sull. 31, 89 Halm.— Poet., the souls of the dead, the shades or departed spirits, Verg. A. 6, 303; 6, 306.—

As opposed to the head, the trunk, Ov. M. 11, 794.—

In mal. part., the body, person:

usuram ejus corporis cepit sibi,

Plaut. Am. prol. 108:

illa quae corpus puplicat volgo suum,

id. Bacch. 4, 8, 22; id. Cist. 2, 3, 21; cf.:

corpore quaestum facere,

id. Poen. 5, 3, 21 al.;

v. quaestus.— Hence also,

the testicles, Phaedr. 3, 11, 3; Hor. S. 1, 2, 43.—

Periphrastically for the individual, the person (esp. poet., to suggest that which is physically admirable or excellent;

also freq. in the histt.): delecta virum corpora,

Verg. A. 2, 18; cf.:

lectissima matrum,

id. ib. 9, 272:

quo pulchrior alter non fuit, excepto corpore Turni,

id. ib. 7, 650;

11, 690: septena quot annis Corpora natorum,

id. ib. 6, 22:

ultor vestrae, fidissima corpora, mortis,

Ov. M. 3, 58; 7, 655:

sororum,

Sil. 14, 105; Val. Fl. 2, 653:

conjugum vestraque ac liberorum vestrorum,

Liv. 21, 13, 7; Tac. A. 4, 72 et saep.:

uti corpora nostra ab injuriā tuta forent,

Sall. C. 33, 2; Liv. 9, 8, 5; 31, 46, 16:

qui liberum corpus (sc. Virginiam) in servitutem addixissent,

id. 3, 56, 8; so,

liberum,

Sall. C. 33, 2; Liv. 5, 22, 1; 29, 21, 6; Plin. Pan. 33, 1.—Of animals: corpora [p. 473] magna boum, heads, Verg. G. 3, 369:

seu quis Pascit equos... Corpora praecipue matrum legat,

id. ib. 3, 51; id. A. 1, 193:

pro tribus corporibus triginta milia talentum auri precatur accipias,

Curt. 4, 11, 6.—

Meton., a whole composed of parts united, a body, frame, system, structure, community, corporation, etc.;

of ships,

the framework, Caes. B. C. 1, 54.—Of fortifications:

totum corpus coronā militum cingere,

Caes. B. G. 7, 72.—Of a land:

Sicilia dirempta velut a corpore majore,

Just. 4, 1, 1.—Of the state:

alterum (praeceptum Platonis), ut totum corpus rei publicae curent, nec dum partem aliquam tuentur, reliquas deserant,

Cic. Off. 1, 25, 85:

quae (multitudo) coalescere in populi unius corpus poterat,

Liv. 1, 8, 1; cf. id. 34, 9, 3; and:

nullum civitatis,

a political body, id. 26, 16, 9; 38, 9, 12; Tac. G. 39; Just. 3, 2, 2:

totum corpus Macedoniae,

id. 7, 1, 12; Liv. 26, 16, 9:

sui corporis regem creari,

id. 1, 17, 2:

corpus mercatorum,

guild, Ambros. Ep. 20, 6:

corpori valido caput deerat (sc. exercitui dux),

Liv. 5, 46, 5:

oriundi ab Sabinis sui corporis creari regem volebant,

id. 1, 17, 2; cf. id. 4, 9, 4; 6, 34, 5 al.:

fabrorum et naviculariorum,

Dig. 50, 6, 5:

utros ejus habueris libros... duo enim sunt corpora... an utrosque, nescio,

Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 11 (13), 4; so of a book, id. Fam. 5, 12, 4; Sen. Tranq. 9, 6; Suet. Gram. 6; Dig. 32, 50 al.; cf.:

corpus omnis Romani juris,

Liv. 3, 34, 7;

hence, Corpus Juris,

title of a Roman collection of laws, Cod. Just. 5, 13:

rationum,

Dig. 40, 5, 37:

patrimonii,

ib. 4, 2, 20:

omnia maternae hereditatis,

ib. 4, 31, 79.

crux, ŭcis, f. (m., Enn. ap. Non. p. 195, 13; Gracch. ap. Fest. s. v. masculino, p. 150, 24, and 151, 12 Müll.) [perh. kindred with circus].

Lit.

In gen., a tree, frame, or other wooden instruments of execution, on which criminals were impaled or hanged, Sen. Prov. 3, 10; Cic. Rab. Perd. 3, 10 sqq.—

In partic., a cross, Ter. And. 3, 5, 15; Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 3, § 7; 2, 1, 4, § 9; id. Pis. 18, 42; id. Fin. 5, 30, 92; Quint. 4, 2, 17; Tac. A. 15, 44; Hor. S. 1, 3, 82; 2, 7, [p. 486] 47; id. Ep. 1, 16, 48 et saep.:

dignus fuit qui malo cruce periret, Gracch. ap. Fest. l. l.: pendula,

the pole of a carriage, Stat. S. 4, 3, 28. —

Transf.

As a term of reproach, a gallows bird, a hempen rascal, Plaut. Pers. 5, 2, 17.—

Transf., torture, trouble, misery, destruction, etc. (so most freq. in Plaut. and Ter., and in the former esp. freq. in connection with mala): aliqua mala crux, tormentor (of a prostitute), Plaut. Aul. 3, 5, 48; cf.:

illae cruces,

Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 92:

quae te mala crux agitat?

what tormentor troubles you? Plaut. Bacch. 4, 2, 2:

abstraxit hominem in maximam malam crucem,

id. Men. prol. 66:

quaerere in malo crucem,

Ter. Phorm. 3, 3, 11.—Prov.:

summum jus antiqui summam putabant crucem,

Col. 1, 7, 2.—Hence, in colloq. lang.:

I (abi, etc.) in malam crucem!

go to the devil! go and be hanged! Plaut. Cas. 3, 5, 17; id. Ps. 3, 2, 57; 4, 7, 86 al.; Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 21; cf.: Cy. Num quid vis? Me. Ut eas maximam in malam crucem, Plaut. Men. 2, 2, 53; id. Capt. 3, 1, 9.—Without mala:

I in crucem,

Plaut. As. 5, 2, 91.—And ellipt.:

in malam crucem!

Plaut. Cas. 5, 4, 8; id. Ps. 5, 2, 5. —Hence, Ital. croce; Fr. croix.

aerumna, ae (pleb. er-), f. [contr. from aegrimonia; as to the suppressed g, cf. jumentum from jugum, Doed. Syn. IV. p. 420. Others explain aerumna (with Paul. ex Fest. s. v. aerumnula, p. 24 Müll.) orig. for a frame for carrying burdens upon the back; hence trop.], need, want, trouble, toil, hardship, distress, tribulation, calamity, etc. (objectively; while aegrimonia, like aegritudo, denotes, subjectively, the condition of mind, Doed. 1. c.; for the most part only ante-class., except in Cic., who uses it several times, in order to designate by one word the many modifications and shadings of the condition of mental suffering; in Quintilian's time the word was obsolete, v. Quint. 8, 3, 26): tibi sunt ante ferendae aerumnae, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 20, 40 (Ann. v. 47 Vahl.); cf.: Ilia dia nepos, quas erumnas tetulisti, id. ap. Charis. p. 70 P. (Ann. v. 56 ib.): quantis cum aerumnis exantlavi diem, id. ap. Non. 292, 8 (Trag. v. 127 ib.):

uno ut labore absolvat aerumnas duas (of the pains of parturition),

Plaut. Am. 1, 2, 26:

animus aequos optimum est aerumnae condimentum,

id. Rud. 2, 3, 71; id. Ep. 2, 1, 10;

so,

id. Capt. 5, 4, 12; id. Curc. 1, 2, 54; id. Pers. 1, 1, 1: lapit cor cura, aerumna corpus conficit, Pac. ap. Non. 23, 8; Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 8; Lucr. 3, 50:

aerumna gravescit,

id. 4, 1065:

quo pacto adversam aerumnam ferant,

Ter. Phorm. 2, 1, 12:

maeror est aegritudo flebilis: aerumna aegritudo laboriosa: dolor aegritudo crucians,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 8, 18:

Herculis aerumnas perpeti: sic enim majores nostri labores non fugiendos tristissimo tamen verbo aerumnas etiam in Deo nominaverunt,

id. Fin. 2, 35; cf. id. ib. 5, 32, 95:

mors est aerumnarum requies,

Sall. C. 51, 20; so id. J. 13, 22: Luculli miles collecta viatica multis Aerumnis, ad assem Perdiderat, with much difficulty, * Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 26:

multiplicabo aerumnas tuas,

Vulg. Gen. 3, 16:

in labore et aerumnā (fui),

ib. 2 Cor. 11, 27.—

In later Lat. for defeat (of an army), Amm. 15, 4; cf. id. 15, 8 al.

Petric. Vit. D. Mart. 1, 66. Hence, Enn. ap. Charis. p. 76 P. derives it from eruere (quod mentem eruat). Cf. Doed. Syn. IV. p. 420.

fā̆brē-făcĭo, fēci, factum, 3, v. a., to make, frame, fashion, or do skilfully (very rare; perh. to be written separately fabre facio).

Lit.:

classem fabrefecit,

Aur. Vict. Vir. Ill. 38, 1 (dub., al. fabricavit):

fabrefieri ex auro,

Vulg. Exod. 31, 4:

levioribus et ad id fabrefactis navigiis,

Liv. 37, 27, 5:

argenti aerisque fabrefacti vis,

id. 26, 21, 8; cf. id. 34, 52, 5; Amm. 29, 1.—

Trop.:

fallaciam,

to forge, Plaut. Cas. 5, 1, 8; cf.:

fecit fabre,

id. Stich. 4, 1, 64.

fā̆brĭcor, ātus, 1 (archaic inf. fabricarier, Poëta ap. Cic. N. D. 2, 63, 159), v. dep. a., and ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose) făbrĭ-co, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [fabrica], to make out of wood, stone, metal, etc., to frame, forge, construct, build.

Lit.

Form fabricor: heu Mulciber, arma ignavo es invictā fabricatus manu, Att. ap. Macr. S. 6, 5 (Rib. Trag. Rel. p. 208):

ii, qui signa fabricantur,

Cic. Off. 1, 41, 147:

Capitolii fastigium,

id. de Or. 3, 46, 180:

gladium, id. Rab. Post, 3, 7: Jovi fulmen,

id. Div. 2, 19, 43:

naves,

Tac. A. 14, 29:

pontes et scalas fabricati,

id. ib. 4, 51:

(mundum) globosum est fabricatus,

Cic. Univ. 6 Orell. N. cr. et saep.—

Form fabrico:

hunc (cratera) fabricaverat Alcon,

Ov. M. 13, 683; cf.:

pugnabant armis, quae post fabricaverat usus,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 102:

ratem,

Phaedr. 4, 6, 9:

fabricavit deceris Liburnicas,

Suet. Calig. 37:

vasa fabricabis,

Vulg. Exod. 27, 3; id. Num. 32, 16 al.—In pass.:

fabricata fago pocula,

carved, made, Ov. M. 8, 670; cf.:

simulacra ex auro vel argento fabricata,

cast, molten, Suet. Ner. 32:

in amphitheatro ligneo intra anni spatium fabricato,

built, id. ib. 12:

tela reponuntur manibus fabricata Cyclopum,

forged, Ov. M. 1, 259; cf. Quint. 2, 16, 6; 3, 2, 2; Vell. 2, 79, 2:

in nostros fabricata est machina muros,

Verg. A. 2, 46: di qui hominis manu fabricati sunt, Vulg. Deut. 4, 28 et saep.—

Transf., in gen., to prepare, form, fashion.

Form fabricor:

hoc affirmare potes, Luculle, esse aliquam vim cum prudentia et consilio scilicet, quae finxerit, vel, ut tuo verbo utar, quae fabricata sit hominem?

Cic. Ac. 2, 27, 87; cf.:

quanto quasi artificio natura fabricata esset primum animal omne, deinde hominem maxime,

id. ib. 2, 10, 30:

opus est fabricanda ad fulmina nubi,

Lucr. 6, 365 Lachm. N. cr.; imitated:

fabricantes fulmina nubes,

Manil. 1, 853:

ut ea ipsa dii immortales ad usum hominum fabricati paene videantur,

Cic. N. D. 1, 2, 4; cf. id. de Or. 3, 45, 178:

prandium opipare,

App. M. 7, p. 192, 31: quod nihil esset clarius enargeia, ut Graeci:

(perspicuitatem aut evidentiam nos, si placet, nominemus fabricemurque, si opus erit, verba), etc.,

Cic. Ac. 2, 6, 17:

fabricare quidvis, quidvis comminiscere,

Plaut. As. 1, 1, 89; cf.:

compara, fabricare, finge quod lubet,

id. Bacch. 4, 4, 42. — Absol.:

age modo, fabricamini,

Plaut. Cas. 2, 8, 52.—

Form fabrico:

philosophia animum format et fabricat,

Sen. Ep. 16, 3:

qui fabricaverat illum (Platonem),

Manil. 1, 772:

ne fabricate moras,

Sil. 16, 671.—In pass.:

dum illa verba fabricentur et memoriae insidant,

Quint. 10, 7, 2.

fercŭlum (or uncontr. fĕrĭcŭlum, Sen. Ep. 90, 15; 122, 3 al.), i, n. [fero], that on which any thing is carried or borne.

A frame, a barrow, litter, bier for carrying the spoils, the images of the gods, etc., in public processions:

spolia ducis hostium caesi suspensa fabricato ad id apte ferculo gerens in Capitolium ascendit,

Liv. 1, 10, 5; Suet. Caes. 37; id. Calig. 15:

(Caesar) tensam et ferculum Circensi pompa, etc. (recepit),

id. Caes. 76: ut pomparum ferculis similes esse videamur, * Cic. Off. 1, 36, 131.—

A dish on which food is served; and hence a dish or mess of food, a course (perh. not anteAug.; cf.: epulum, daps, commissatio;

merenda, prandium, etc.): ubi multa de magna superessent fercula cena,

Hor. S. 2, 6, 104:

cenae fercula nostrae Malim convivis quam placuisse cocis,

Mart. 9, 82; so Petr. 35; 36; Suet. Aug. 74; Plin. 33, 10, 47, § 136; Juv. 1, 94; 7, 184; 11, 64.

fercŭlum (or uncontr. fĕrĭcŭlum, Sen. Ep. 90, 15; 122, 3 al.), i, n. [fero], that on which any thing is carried or borne.

A frame, a barrow, litter, bier for carrying the spoils, the images of the gods, etc., in public processions:

spolia ducis hostium caesi suspensa fabricato ad id apte ferculo gerens in Capitolium ascendit,

Liv. 1, 10, 5; Suet. Caes. 37; id. Calig. 15:

(Caesar) tensam et ferculum Circensi pompa, etc. (recepit),

id. Caes. 76: ut pomparum ferculis similes esse videamur, * Cic. Off. 1, 36, 131.—

A dish on which food is served; and hence a dish or mess of food, a course (perh. not anteAug.; cf.: epulum, daps, commissatio;

merenda, prandium, etc.): ubi multa de magna superessent fercula cena,

Hor. S. 2, 6, 104:

cenae fercula nostrae Malim convivis quam placuisse cocis,

Mart. 9, 82; so Petr. 35; 36; Suet. Aug. 74; Plin. 33, 10, 47, § 136; Juv. 1, 94; 7, 184; 11, 64.

fingo, finxi, fictum, 3, v. a. [Sanscr. dih-, dēhmi, smear; Gr. thig, thinganô, touch; whence figulus, figura, etc.; prop., to handle].

Lit.

To touch, handle, stroke, touch gently (rare):

mulcere alternos, et corpora fingere lingua,

Verg. A. 8, 634:

saepe manus aegras manibus fingebat amicis,

Ov. F. 5, 409.—

Esp., to form, shape, fashion, frame, make (class.), whence also figulus:

esse aliquam vim, quae finxerit, vel, ut tuo verbo utar, quae fabricata sit hominem,

Cic. Ac. 2, 27, 87; cf.:

ab aliquo deo ficti esse videantur,

id. de Or. 1, 25, 115:

fingere et construere nidos,

build, id. ib. 2, 6, 23:

favos,

id. Off. 1, 44, 157:

ut illa bestia fetum ederet informem, lambendo postgea fingeret, etc.,

Gell. 17, 10, 3.—

In partic.

Of the plastic art, to form or fashion by art (in wax, clay, stone, etc.), to mould or model, as a statuary:

quorum alterum fingere opinor e cera solitum esse, alterum esse pictorem,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 13, § 30; cf.:

in ceris aut fictilibus figuris,

id. N. D. 1, 26, 71:

similitudines ex argilla,

Plin. 35, 12, 43, § 151; cf.

, sarcastically: hic homullus, ex argilla et luto fictus Epicurus,

Cic. Pis. 25, 59:

pocula de humo,

Ov. Tr. 2, 489:

Alexander ab Apelle potissimum pingi et a Lysippo fingi volebat... qui neque pictam neque fictam imaginem suam passus est esse, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 5, 12, 7; cf.:

fingendi ars,

of making statues, statuary, id. de Or. 3, 7, 26:

corpora fingendo pingendove efficere,

Quint. 5, 12, 21.—

With the access. notion of arranging, adorning, etc., to set to rights, arrange; to adorn, dress, trim ( poet. syn.:

componere, excolere, ornare): Bene cum lauta est (mulier), tersa, ornata, ficta est: infecta est tamen,

Plaut. Stich. 5, 5, 4:

cum se non finxerit ulli,

Ov. R. Am. 341:

isti ficti, compositi, crispi cincinni,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 2, 32; cf.:

canas fingere comas,

Tib. 1, 2, 92:

comas presso pollice,

Prop. 3, 10 (4, 9), 14; Ov. A. A. 1, 306; Mart. 6, 57; cf.:

comas auro,

Stat. Th. 5, 228:

crinem,

Verg. A. 4, 148; cf. also Phaedr. 2, 2, 9:

vitem putando,

Verg. G. 2, 407 Forbig.—

With the access. notion of untruth, to alter, change, for the purpose of dissembling:

hi neque vultum fingere, neque interdum lacrimas tenere poterant,

Caes. B. G. 1, 39, 4; cf.:

vultus quoque hominum fingit scelus,

i. e. makes men change countenance, Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 14.

Trop.

In gen., to form, fashion, make: Ly. multa eveniunt homini quae [p. 751] volt, quae nevolt. Ph. Mentire, gnate, nam sapiens quidem pol ipsus fingit fortunam sibi, Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 84; cf.

the vv. foll.: natura fingit homines et creat imitatores et narratores facetos,

Cic. de Or. 2, 54, 219:

animos fingere, formare,

id. Brut. 38, 142: cf.:

moderari et fingere mentem ac voluntates,

id. Leg. 3, 18, 40:

ea quae nobis non possumus fingere, vultus, facies, sonus,

id. de Or. 1, 28, 127: formam totius rei publicae velim mittas, ex qua me fingere possim, regulate myself, i. e. proceed, act, id. Att. 6, 3, 4; cf.:

ad eorum (qui audiunt) arbitrium et nutum totos se fingunt et accommodant,

id. Or. 8, 24:

ea (verba) nos sicut mollissimam ceram ad nostrum arbitrium formamus et fingimus,

id. de Or. 3, 45, 177; cf.

also: arbitrio fingere,

id. Brut. 79, 274:

fortuna humana fingit artatque ut lubet,

Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 54; cf.:

vitam subito flecti fingique posse,

shaped, directed, Cic. Sull. 28, 79; cf. id. ib. 25, 69:

jure erat semper idem voltus, cum mentis, a qua is fingitur, nulla fieret mutatio,

id. Tusc. 3, 15, 31; cf.:

circumspexit amictus et finxit vultum,

composed, Ov. M. 4, 318:

lingua vocem immoderate profusam fingit et terminat,

forms, Cic. N. D. 2, 59, 149; cf.:

Peripateticorum institutis commodius fingeretur oratio,

id. Brut. 31, 119: ego apis Matinae more modoque operosa parvus carmina fingo (like the Gr. plattô), make, compose, Hor. C. 4, 2, 32:

carmina,

id. Ep. 2, 1, 227; id. A. P. 331; 240:

versus,

id. ib. 382:

poëmata,

Suet. Tit. 3:

opprobria in quemvis,

Hor. Ep. 1, 15, 30.—

In partic.

With a double predicate, to form, make into something or in a certain manner:

finxit te ipsa natura ad honestatem, gravitatem... ad omnes denique virtutes magnum hominem et excelsum,

Cic. Mur. 29, 60:

nec, si miserum fortuna Sinonem Finxit, vanum etiam mendacemque improba finget,

Verg. A. 2, 79:

(illum) spissae nemorum comae Fingent Aeolio carmine nobilem,

Hor. C. 4, 3, 12:

di bene fecerunt, inopis me quodque pusilli Finxerunt animi,

id. S. 1, 4, 18: timui, mea me finxisse minora putarer Dissimulator opis propriae, to have lessened, i. e. purposely disparaged it, id. Ep. 1, 9, 8.—

To form by instruction, to instruct, teach, train:

idem mire finxit filium,

i. e. caused him to play his part, Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 25; cf.:

voce paterna Fingeris ad rectum,

Hor. A. P. 367:

fingitur artibus,

id. C. 3, 6, 22:

fingit equum tenera docilem cervice magister Ire viam, qua monstret eques,

id. Ep. 1, 2, 64.—

To form mentally or in speech, to represent in thought, to imagine, conceive, think, suppose; to sketch out:

fingite animis... fingite cogitatione imaginem hujus condicionis meae, etc.,

Cic. Mil. 29, 79; cf.:

omnia quae cogitatione nobismet ipsi possumus fingere,

id. N. D. 3, 18, 47:

fingere animo,

id. de Sen. 12, 41: cf.

also: animo et cogitatione,

id. Tusc. 5, 24, 68:

ex sua natura ceteros,

to conceive of, id. Rosc. Am. 9, 26:

quid magis exercitum dici aut fingi potest?

id. Mil. 2, 5:

maleficium,

id. Rosc. Am. 40, 116:

tu, stulta, deos, tu fingis inania vera,

Prop. 3, 20 (4, 19), 5:

qui utilitatum causa fingunt amicitias,

suppose, Cic. Lael. 14, 51:

principatum sibi ipse opinionis errore finxerat,

had imagined to himself, id. Off. 1, 8, 26:

in summo oratore fingendo,

in representing, sketching out, id. Or. 2, 7:

finge tamen te improbulum,

Juv. 5, 72.—

With double acc.:

quod si qui me astutiorem fingit,

Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 6:

Tiresiam sapientem fingunt poetae... at vero Polyphemum Homerus immanem finxit,

id. Tusc. 5, 39, 115.—

With an object-clause, and in pass., with a subject-clause:

finge, aliquem nunc fierisapientem, nondum esse,

suppose, Cic. Ac. 2, 36, 117:

finge solum natum nothum,

Quint. 3, 6, 100.—Ellipt.: interfecti aliqui sunt;

finge a nobis,

assume, grant, Liv. 39, 37, 11:

fingamus Alexandrum dari nobis,

Quint. 1, 1, 24:

non omnia corpora fingunt in medium niti,

Lucr. 1, 1083; cf. id. 2, 175:

qui naufragus fingitur se suspendisse,

Quint. 8, 5, 22:

qui suos artus morsu lacerasset, fingitur in scholis supra se cubasse,

id. 8, 2, 20.—

Pregn., with the access. notion of creating by thinking, to contrive, devise, invent, feign something (esp. untrue):

argento comparando fingere fallaciam,

Plaut. As. 2, 1, 2; 4:

fallacias,

Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 22:

fallaciam,

id. And. 1, 3, 15; cf.: nonne ad senem aliquam fabricam fingit? id. Heaut. 3, 2, 34:

fingit causas, ne det, sedulo,

id. Eun. 1, 2, 58:

falsas causas ad discordiam,

id. Hec. 4, 4, 71:

si mihi aliquam (rem publicam), ut apud Platonem Socrates, ipse finxero,

Cic. Rep. 2, 1 fin.; cf. id. ib. 2, 11:

ex eventis fingere,

id. Fam. 6, 6, 4:

(crimina) in istum fingere,

id. Verr. 1, 5, 15:

ea quae sunt in usu vitaque communi, non ea, quae finguntur aut optantur,

id. Lael. 5, 18:

in faciem moresque meos nova crimina fingis,

Ov. H. 12, 177:

fingere qui non visa potest, commissa tacere Qui nequit,

Hor. S. 1, 4, 84:

quaelibet in quemvis opprobria fingere,

id. Ep. 1, 15, 30:

finguntur et testamenta,

Quint. 7, 4, 39:

nemo dolorem fingit in hoc casu,

Juv. 13, 132: qui sub obtentu monituum deorum scientes eos fingunt, Mos. et Rom. Leg. Coll. 15, 2, 6. —With double acc.:

bonois se ac liberales,

Sen. Ben. 4, 17, 3.—With inf.:

ignorare fingit,

Claud. in Eutrop. 2, 306.—Hence, fic-tus, a, um, P. a., feigned, fictitious, false:

in amicitia nihil fictum est, nihil simulatum,

Cic. Lael. 8, 26; cf. id. ib. 18, 65:

ficto officio et simulata sedultiate conjunctus,

id. Caecin. 5, 14:

in re ficta (opp. in vera),

id. Lael. 7, 24:

falsum est id totum neque solum fictum, sed etiam imperite absurdeque fictum,

id. Rep. 2, 15:

commenticii et ficti dii,

id. N. D. 2, 28, 70:

fabula,

id. Off. 3, 9, 39:

in rebus fictis et adumbratis,

id. Lael. 26, 97:

amor,

Lucr. 4, 1192:

gemitus,

Ov. M. 6, 565:

cunctatio,

Tac. A. 1, 46:

ficto pectore fatur,

Verg. A. 2, 107.— Poet. and in post-Aug. prose also, of persons:

pro bene sano Ac non incauto fictum astutumque vocamus,

dissembling, false, Hor. S. 1, 3, 62:

alii fictum (eum), ingratum, immemorem loquuntur,

Plin. Ep. 8, 18, 3;

but: ficta pellice plorat,

imaginary, Juv. 6, 272.— Poet., subst.: fictum, i, n., deception, fiction:

ficti pravique tenax,

Verg. A. 4, 188:

jam consumpserat omnem Materiam ficti,

Ov. M. 9, 767.—Adverb.:

fictumque in colla minatus, Crura subit,

Stat. Th. 6, 876.— Adv.: ficte, feignedly, fictitiously:

ficte et simulate quaestus causa insusurrare,

Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 4, § 13:

ficte reconciliata gratia,

id. Fam. 3, 12, 4.

fingo, finxi, fictum, 3, v. a. [Sanscr. dih-, dēhmi, smear; Gr. thig, thinganô, touch; whence figulus, figura, etc.; prop., to handle].

Lit.

To touch, handle, stroke, touch gently (rare):

mulcere alternos, et corpora fingere lingua,

Verg. A. 8, 634:

saepe manus aegras manibus fingebat amicis,

Ov. F. 5, 409.—

Esp., to form, shape, fashion, frame, make (class.), whence also figulus:

esse aliquam vim, quae finxerit, vel, ut tuo verbo utar, quae fabricata sit hominem,

Cic. Ac. 2, 27, 87; cf.:

ab aliquo deo ficti esse videantur,

id. de Or. 1, 25, 115:

fingere et construere nidos,

build, id. ib. 2, 6, 23:

favos,

id. Off. 1, 44, 157:

ut illa bestia fetum ederet informem, lambendo postgea fingeret, etc.,

Gell. 17, 10, 3.—

In partic.

Of the plastic art, to form or fashion by art (in wax, clay, stone, etc.), to mould or model, as a statuary:

quorum alterum fingere opinor e cera solitum esse, alterum esse pictorem,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 13, § 30; cf.:

in ceris aut fictilibus figuris,

id. N. D. 1, 26, 71:

similitudines ex argilla,

Plin. 35, 12, 43, § 151; cf.

, sarcastically: hic homullus, ex argilla et luto fictus Epicurus,

Cic. Pis. 25, 59:

pocula de humo,

Ov. Tr. 2, 489:

Alexander ab Apelle potissimum pingi et a Lysippo fingi volebat... qui neque pictam neque fictam imaginem suam passus est esse, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 5, 12, 7; cf.:

fingendi ars,

of making statues, statuary, id. de Or. 3, 7, 26:

corpora fingendo pingendove efficere,

Quint. 5, 12, 21.—

With the access. notion of arranging, adorning, etc., to set to rights, arrange; to adorn, dress, trim ( poet. syn.:

componere, excolere, ornare): Bene cum lauta est (mulier), tersa, ornata, ficta est: infecta est tamen,

Plaut. Stich. 5, 5, 4:

cum se non finxerit ulli,

Ov. R. Am. 341:

isti ficti, compositi, crispi cincinni,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 2, 32; cf.:

canas fingere comas,

Tib. 1, 2, 92:

comas presso pollice,

Prop. 3, 10 (4, 9), 14; Ov. A. A. 1, 306; Mart. 6, 57; cf.:

comas auro,

Stat. Th. 5, 228:

crinem,

Verg. A. 4, 148; cf. also Phaedr. 2, 2, 9:

vitem putando,

Verg. G. 2, 407 Forbig.—

With the access. notion of untruth, to alter, change, for the purpose of dissembling:

hi neque vultum fingere, neque interdum lacrimas tenere poterant,

Caes. B. G. 1, 39, 4; cf.:

vultus quoque hominum fingit scelus,

i. e. makes men change countenance, Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 14.

Trop.

In gen., to form, fashion, make: Ly. multa eveniunt homini quae [p. 751] volt, quae nevolt. Ph. Mentire, gnate, nam sapiens quidem pol ipsus fingit fortunam sibi, Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 84; cf.

the vv. foll.: natura fingit homines et creat imitatores et narratores facetos,

Cic. de Or. 2, 54, 219:

animos fingere, formare,

id. Brut. 38, 142: cf.:

moderari et fingere mentem ac voluntates,

id. Leg. 3, 18, 40:

ea quae nobis non possumus fingere, vultus, facies, sonus,

id. de Or. 1, 28, 127: formam totius rei publicae velim mittas, ex qua me fingere possim, regulate myself, i. e. proceed, act, id. Att. 6, 3, 4; cf.:

ad eorum (qui audiunt) arbitrium et nutum totos se fingunt et accommodant,

id. Or. 8, 24:

ea (verba) nos sicut mollissimam ceram ad nostrum arbitrium formamus et fingimus,

id. de Or. 3, 45, 177; cf.

also: arbitrio fingere,

id. Brut. 79, 274:

fortuna humana fingit artatque ut lubet,

Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 54; cf.:

vitam subito flecti fingique posse,

shaped, directed, Cic. Sull. 28, 79; cf. id. ib. 25, 69:

jure erat semper idem voltus, cum mentis, a qua is fingitur, nulla fieret mutatio,

id. Tusc. 3, 15, 31; cf.:

circumspexit amictus et finxit vultum,

composed, Ov. M. 4, 318:

lingua vocem immoderate profusam fingit et terminat,

forms, Cic. N. D. 2, 59, 149; cf.:

Peripateticorum institutis commodius fingeretur oratio,

id. Brut. 31, 119: ego apis Matinae more modoque operosa parvus carmina fingo (like the Gr. plattô), make, compose, Hor. C. 4, 2, 32:

carmina,

id. Ep. 2, 1, 227; id. A. P. 331; 240:

versus,

id. ib. 382:

poëmata,

Suet. Tit. 3:

opprobria in quemvis,

Hor. Ep. 1, 15, 30.—

In partic.

With a double predicate, to form, make into something or in a certain manner:

finxit te ipsa natura ad honestatem, gravitatem... ad omnes denique virtutes magnum hominem et excelsum,

Cic. Mur. 29, 60:

nec, si miserum fortuna Sinonem Finxit, vanum etiam mendacemque improba finget,

Verg. A. 2, 79:

(illum) spissae nemorum comae Fingent Aeolio carmine nobilem,

Hor. C. 4, 3, 12:

di bene fecerunt, inopis me quodque pusilli Finxerunt animi,

id. S. 1, 4, 18: timui, mea me finxisse minora putarer Dissimulator opis propriae, to have lessened, i. e. purposely disparaged it, id. Ep. 1, 9, 8.—

To form by instruction, to instruct, teach, train:

idem mire finxit filium,

i. e. caused him to play his part, Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 25; cf.:

voce paterna Fingeris ad rectum,

Hor. A. P. 367:

fingitur artibus,

id. C. 3, 6, 22:

fingit equum tenera docilem cervice magister Ire viam, qua monstret eques,

id. Ep. 1, 2, 64.—

To form mentally or in speech, to represent in thought, to imagine, conceive, think, suppose; to sketch out:

fingite animis... fingite cogitatione imaginem hujus condicionis meae, etc.,

Cic. Mil. 29, 79; cf.:

omnia quae cogitatione nobismet ipsi possumus fingere,

id. N. D. 3, 18, 47:

fingere animo,

id. de Sen. 12, 41: cf.

also: animo et cogitatione,

id. Tusc. 5, 24, 68:

ex sua natura ceteros,

to conceive of, id. Rosc. Am. 9, 26:

quid magis exercitum dici aut fingi potest?

id. Mil. 2, 5:

maleficium,

id. Rosc. Am. 40, 116:

tu, stulta, deos, tu fingis inania vera,

Prop. 3, 20 (4, 19), 5:

qui utilitatum causa fingunt amicitias,

suppose, Cic. Lael. 14, 51:

principatum sibi ipse opinionis errore finxerat,

had imagined to himself, id. Off. 1, 8, 26:

in summo oratore fingendo,

in representing, sketching out, id. Or. 2, 7:

finge tamen te improbulum,

Juv. 5, 72.—

With double acc.:

quod si qui me astutiorem fingit,

Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 6:

Tiresiam sapientem fingunt poetae... at vero Polyphemum Homerus immanem finxit,

id. Tusc. 5, 39, 115.—

With an object-clause, and in pass., with a subject-clause:

finge, aliquem nunc fierisapientem, nondum esse,

suppose, Cic. Ac. 2, 36, 117:

finge solum natum nothum,

Quint. 3, 6, 100.—Ellipt.: interfecti aliqui sunt;

finge a nobis,

assume, grant, Liv. 39, 37, 11:

fingamus Alexandrum dari nobis,

Quint. 1, 1, 24:

non omnia corpora fingunt in medium niti,

Lucr. 1, 1083; cf. id. 2, 175:

qui naufragus fingitur se suspendisse,

Quint. 8, 5, 22:

qui suos artus morsu lacerasset, fingitur in scholis supra se cubasse,

id. 8, 2, 20.—

Pregn., with the access. notion of creating by thinking, to contrive, devise, invent, feign something (esp. untrue):

argento comparando fingere fallaciam,

Plaut. As. 2, 1, 2; 4:

fallacias,

Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 22:

fallaciam,

id. And. 1, 3, 15; cf.: nonne ad senem aliquam fabricam fingit? id. Heaut. 3, 2, 34:

fingit causas, ne det, sedulo,

id. Eun. 1, 2, 58:

falsas causas ad discordiam,

id. Hec. 4, 4, 71:

si mihi aliquam (rem publicam), ut apud Platonem Socrates, ipse finxero,

Cic. Rep. 2, 1 fin.; cf. id. ib. 2, 11:

ex eventis fingere,

id. Fam. 6, 6, 4:

(crimina) in istum fingere,

id. Verr. 1, 5, 15:

ea quae sunt in usu vitaque communi, non ea, quae finguntur aut optantur,

id. Lael. 5, 18:

in faciem moresque meos nova crimina fingis,

Ov. H. 12, 177:

fingere qui non visa potest, commissa tacere Qui nequit,

Hor. S. 1, 4, 84:

quaelibet in quemvis opprobria fingere,

id. Ep. 1, 15, 30:

finguntur et testamenta,

Quint. 7, 4, 39:

nemo dolorem fingit in hoc casu,

Juv. 13, 132: qui sub obtentu monituum deorum scientes eos fingunt, Mos. et Rom. Leg. Coll. 15, 2, 6. —With double acc.:

bonois se ac liberales,

Sen. Ben. 4, 17, 3.—With inf.:

ignorare fingit,

Claud. in Eutrop. 2, 306.—Hence, fic-tus, a, um, P. a., feigned, fictitious, false:

in amicitia nihil fictum est, nihil simulatum,

Cic. Lael. 8, 26; cf. id. ib. 18, 65:

ficto officio et simulata sedultiate conjunctus,

id. Caecin. 5, 14:

in re ficta (opp. in vera),

id. Lael. 7, 24:

falsum est id totum neque solum fictum, sed etiam imperite absurdeque fictum,

id. Rep. 2, 15:

commenticii et ficti dii,

id. N. D. 2, 28, 70:

fabula,

id. Off. 3, 9, 39:

in rebus fictis et adumbratis,

id. Lael. 26, 97:

amor,

Lucr. 4, 1192:

gemitus,

Ov. M. 6, 565:

cunctatio,

Tac. A. 1, 46:

ficto pectore fatur,

Verg. A. 2, 107.— Poet. and in post-Aug. prose also, of persons:

pro bene sano Ac non incauto fictum astutumque vocamus,

dissembling, false, Hor. S. 1, 3, 62:

alii fictum (eum), ingratum, immemorem loquuntur,

Plin. Ep. 8, 18, 3;

but: ficta pellice plorat,

imaginary, Juv. 6, 272.— Poet., subst.: fictum, i, n., deception, fiction:

ficti pravique tenax,

Verg. A. 4, 188:

jam consumpserat omnem Materiam ficti,

Ov. M. 9, 767.—Adverb.:

fictumque in colla minatus, Crura subit,

Stat. Th. 6, 876.— Adv.: ficte, feignedly, fictitiously:

ficte et simulate quaestus causa insusurrare,

Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 4, § 13:

ficte reconciliata gratia,

id. Fam. 3, 12, 4.

forma, ae, f. [Sanscr. dhar-, dhar-āmi, bear; dhar-i-man, figure; Gr. thra- in thrênus, thronos; cf. Lat. frētus, frēnum, fortis, etc.], form, in the most comprehensive sense of the word, contour, figure, shape, appearance (syn.: species, frons, facies, vultus; figura).

Lit.

In gen.: Ha. Earum nutrix, qua sit facie, mihi expedi. Mi. Statura haud magna, corpore aquilo. Ha. Ipsa ea'st. Mi. Specie venusta, ore parvo, atque oculis pernigris. Ha. Formam quidem hercle verbis depinxti mihi, Plaut. Poen. 5, 2, 154; cf.:

quia semper eorum suppeditabatur facies et forma manebat,

Lucr. 5, 1175:

corporis nostri partes totaque figura et forma et statura, quam apta ad naturam sit, apparet,

Cic. Fin. 5, 12, 35; cf. Auct. Her. 4, 47, 60:

si omnium animantium formam vincit hominis figura, etc.,

Cic. N. D. 1, 18, 48:

forma ac species liberalis,

id. Cael. 3, 6; cf. id. N. D. 1, 14, 37; 1, 27, 76 sqq.; id. Verr. 2, 4, 58, § 129; id. N. D. 1, 10, 26: aspicite, o cives, senis Enni imagini' formam, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 15, 34 (Epigr. 1 ed. Vahl.):

hoc dico, non ab hominibus formae figuram venisse ad deos... Non ergo illorum humana forma, sed nostra divina dicenda est, etc.,

id. N. D. 1, 32, 90:

formaï servare figuram,

Lucr. 4, 69; cf.:

Homeri picturam, non poesin videmus. Quae regio, quae species formaque pugnae, qui motus hominum non ita expictus est, ut, etc.,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 39, 114 (v. Moser ad h. l.):

eximia forma pueri,

id. ib. 5, 21, 61:

virgines formā excellente,

Liv. 1, 9, 11:

formā praestante puellae,

Ov. H. 3, 35:

forma viros neglecta decet,

id. A. A. 1, 509; cf.:

ut excellentem muliebris formae pulchritudinem muta in sese imago contineret,

Cic. Inv. 2, 1, 1:

illa aetate venerabilis, haec formae pulchrituline,

Curt. 3, 11, 24:

virginem adultam, formā excellentem,

Liv. 3, 44, 4:

virginem maxime formā notam,

id. 4, 9, 4:

una et viginti formae litterarum,

Cic. N. D. 2, 37, 93:

solis,

Lucr. 5, 571:

muralium falcium,

Caes. B. G. 3, 14, 5:

lanceae novae formae,

Suet. Dom. 10:

nova aedificiorum Urbis,

id. Ner. 16:

porticus,

Plin. Ep. 9, 39, 5:

forma et situs agri,

Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 4:

eādem cerā aliae atque aliae formae duci solent,

Quint. 10, 5, 9:

geometricae formae,

Cic. Rep. 1, 17; cf. id. de Or. 1, 42, 187:

cum sit geometria divisa in numeros atque formas,

Quint. 1, 10, 35; cf.

also: Archimedes intentus formis, quas in pulvere descripserat,

Liv. 25, 31, 9:

dimidia circuli,

Plin. 2, 59, 60, § 150:

clarissimorum virorum formae,

figures, images, Cic. Mil. 32, 86:

ille artifex, cum faceret Jovis formam aut Minervae, etc.,

id. Or. 2, 9:

igneae formae,

i. e. fiery bodies, id. N. D. 2, 40, 101:

inque tori formam molles sternentur arenae,

in the shape, form, Ov. Am. 2, 11, 47:

(sacellum) crudis laterculis ad formam camini,

Plin. 30, 7, 20, § 63:

ut haec mulier praeter formam nihil ad similitudinem hominis reservarit,

Cic. Clu. 70, 199.—In poet. circumlocution with gen.: astra tenent caeleste solum formaeque deorum, the forms of gods, for gods, Ov. M. 1, 73:

formae ferarum,

id. ib. 2, 78:

ursi ac formae magnorum luporum,

Verg. A. 7, 18:

formae ingentis leo,

of great size, Just. 15, 4, 17; Tac. A. 4, 72.—

In partic.

Pregn., a fine form, beauty:

di tibi formam, di tibi divitias dederant,

Hor. Ep. 1, 4, 6; cf.:

et genus et formam regina pecunia donat,

id. ib. 1, 6, 37:

movit Ajacem forma captivae Tecmessae,

id. C. 2, 4, 6; Quint. 2, 5, 12:

neque, ut laudanda, quae pecuniam suam pluribus largitur, ita quae formam,

id. 5, 11, 26; 5, 12, 17.—Prov.:

forma bonum fragile est,

Ov. A. A. 2, 113.—

An outline, plan, design (of an architect, etc.):

cum formam videro, quale aedificium futurum sit, scire possum,

Cic. Fam. 2, 8, 1: domus erit egregia;

magis enim cerni jam poterat, quam quantum ex forma judicabamus,

id. Q. Fr. 2, 5, 3 (2, 6, 2):

qua ludum gladiatorium aedificaturus erat,

Suet. Caes. 31.—

A model after which any thing is made, a pattern, stamp, last (of a shoemaker), etc.:

utendum plane sermone, ut numo, cui publica forma est,

Quint. 1, 6, 3:

denarius formae publicae,

Sen. Ben. 5, 29; cf.: formas quasdam nostrae pecuniae agnoscunt, Tac. G. 5:

formas binarias, ternarias et quaternarias, et denarias etiam resolvi praecepit neque in usu cujusquam versari,

stamped money, coins, Lampr. Alex. Sev. 39; cf. Curt. 5, 2, 11:

si scalpra et formas non sutor (emat),

Hor. S. 2, 3, 106; cf.:

forma calcei,

Dig. 9, 2, 5, § 3.—

A mould which gives form to something:

(caseus) vel manu figuratur vel buxeis formis exprimitur,

Col. 7, 8 fin.:

formae in quibus aera funduntur,

Plin. 36, 22, 49, § 168; hence, a frame, case, enclosure:

opus tectorium propter excellentiam picturae ligneis formis inclusum,

id. 35, 14, 49, § 173:

formas rivorum perforare,

i. e. the conduits, pipes, Front. Aquaed. 75:

aquaeductus,

Dig. 7, 1, 27.—Hence,

Transf., the aqueduct itself, Front. Aquaed. 126.—

A rescript, formulary (post-class., whereas the dimin. formula is predominant in this signif.):

ex eorum (amicorum) sententia formas composuit,

Capitol. Anton. 6; so Cod. Just. 1, 2, 20.—

Item forma appellatur puls miliacea ex melle, Paul. ex Fest. p. 83 Müll.

Trop.

In gen., shape, form, nature, manner, kind:

ad me quasi formam communium temporum et totius rei publicae misisti expressam,

Cic. Fam. 3, 11, 4; cf.:

formam quidem ipsam et tamquam faciem honesti vides,

id. Off. 1, 5, 14:

innumerabiles quasi formae figuraeque dicendi,

id. Or. 3, 9, 34:

cum, quae forma et quasi naturalis nota cujusque sit, describitur, ut, si quaeratur avari species, seditiosi, gloriosi,

id. de Or. 3, 29, 115; cf.:

quae sit in ea species et forma et notio viri boni,

id. Off. 3, 20, 81:

forma ingenii,

id. Brut. 85, 294:

rei publicae,

id. Fam. 2, 8, 1; cf.:

exemplar formaque rei publicae,

id. Rep. 2, 11:

forma et species et origo tyranni,

id. ib. 2, 29:

forma rerum publicarum,

id. Tusc. 2, 15, 36; cf. id. Rep. 1, 34 fin.:

officii,

id. Off. 1, 29, 103:

propositi,

Vell. 1, 16:

sollicitudinum,

Tac. A. 4, 60:

formam vitae inire,

id. ib. 1, 74:

secundum vulgarem formam juris,

Dig. 30, 1, 111:

scelerum formae,

Verg. A. 6, 626:

poenae,

id. ib. 615.—

In partic.

In philos. lang., like species, a sort, kind: nolim, ne si Latine quidem dici possit, specierum et speciebus dicere; et saepe his casibus utendum est: at formis et formarum velim... Genus et formam definiunt hoc modo: genus est notio ad plures differentias pertinens;

forma est notio, cujus differentia ad caput generis et quasi fontem referri potest. Formae igitur sunt hae, in quas genus sine ullius praetermissione dividitur, ut si quis jus in legem, morem, aequitatem dividat, etc.,

Cic. Top. 7, 31; cf.:

genus et species, quam eandem formam Cicero vocat,

Quint. 5, 10, 62: a forma generis, quam interdum, quo planius accipiatur, partem licet nominare, hoc modo, etc.... Genus enim est uxor;

ejus duae formae: una matrumfamilias, altera earum, quae tantummodo uxores habentur,

Cic. Top. 4, 14:

quod haec (partitio) sit totius in partes, illa (divisio) generis in formas,

Quint. 5, 10, 63:

duae formae matrimoniorum,

id. 5, 10, 62.—

In gram.

The grammatical quality, condition of a word:

in quo animadvertito, natura quadruplicem esse formam, ad quam in declinando accommodari debeant verba, etc.,

Varr. L. L. 9, § 37 sq.; 101 sq. Müll.; Quint. 10, 1, 10.—

The grammatical form of a word:

utrum in secunda forma verbum temporale habeat in extrema syllaba AS an IS, ad discernendas dissimilitudines interest,

Varr. L. L. 9, § 109 Müll.:

aeditimus ea forma dictum, qua finitimus,

Gell. 12, 10, 1.

furca, ae, f. [Sanscr. bhur-ig, shears; cf. Lat. forceps, forfex; also Gr. pharos, plough; Lat. forāre;

Engl. bore,

Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 299; but Corss. refers furca to root dhar-,=fero, as a prop. support; v. Ausspr. 1, 149], a two-pronged fork.

Lit.:

exacuunt alii vallos furcasque bicornes,

Verg. G. 1, 264:

valentes,

id. ib. 2, 359:

furcis detrudi,

Liv. 28, 3, 7; cf. Caes. B. C. 2, 11, 2. —Prov.: naturam expellas furcā, tamen usque recurret, with might and main, Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 24 (v. furcilla).—

Transf., of things shaped like a fork.

A forkshaped prop, pole, or stake, for carrying burdens on the back or shoulder, Plaut. Cas. 2, 8, 2;

for supporting the seats of a theatre,

Liv. 1, 35, 9;

for a vine,

Plin. 14, 2, 4, § 32;

for fishing-nets,

id. 9, 8, 9, § 31;

for the gable of a house,

Ov. M. 8, 700; a frame on which meat was suspended in the chimney, id. ib. 8, 648.—

An instrument of punishment in the form of a fork (V or II), which was placed on the culprit's neck, while his hands were fastened to the two ends, a yoke (cf.: crux, gabalus, patibulum; hence, furcifer): To. Satis sumpsimus jam supplici. Do. Fateor, manus vobis do. To. Post dabis sub furcis, Plaut. Pers. 5, 2, 71:

canem et furcam ferre,

id. Cas. 2, 6, 37:

servus per circum, cum virgis caederetur, furcam ferens ductus est,

Cic. Div. 1, 26, 55:

servus sub furca caesus,

Liv. 2, 36, 1 Drak.; Val. Max. 1, 7, 4; Lact. 2, 7, 20:

sub furca vinctus inter verbera et cruciatus,

Liv. 1, 26, 10:

cervicem inserere furcae,

Suet. Ner. 49; Eutr. 7, 5; Prud. steph. 10, 851.—Hence poet. to designate the worst condition of slavery:

ibis sub furcam prudens,

Hor. S. 2, 7, 66.—

A fork-shaped gallows:

aliquem furcā figere,

Dig. 48, 19, 28 fin.:

furcae subicere,

ib. 9:

in furcam tollere,

ib. 38:

in furcam suspendere,

ib. 13, 6:

in furcam damnare,

ib. 49, 16, 3:

canes vivi in furca, sambucea arbore fixi,

Plin. 29. 4, 14, § 57.—

A fork-shaped yoke in which young bullocks were put to be tamed, Varr. R. R. 1, 20, 2.—

Furcae cancrorum, the claws of a crab, App. Mag. p. 297. —

Furcae Caudinae, the narrow pass of Caudium, the Caudine Forks, usually called Furculae Caudinae (v. furcula, II. and Caudium), Val. Max. 5, 1, 5 ext.; 7, 2, 17 ext.

in-necto, nexŭi, nexum, 3 (innectier for innecti, Prud. Psych. 375), v. a., to tie, join, bind, attach, connect, or fasten to, together, or about.

Lit.:

paribus palmas amborum innexuit armis,

Verg. A. 5, 425:

colla auro,

id. ib. 8, 661:

tempora sertis,

to deck, garland, Ov. Tr. 5, 3, 3:

fauces laqueo,

to encircle, id. M. 10, 378:

colla lacertis,

id. ib. 11, 240:

bracchia collo,

Stat. Th. 4, 26:

ambos innectens manibus,

id. ib. 1, 511:

mancipia compedibus,

Col. 11, 1, 22: innecti cervicibus, to fasten upon, cling to, or embrace the neck, Tac. H. 4, 46; cf.:

tunc placuit caesis innectere vincula silvis,

Luc. 2, 670; v. Orelli ad Hor. Epod. 17, 72.— With acc.:

nodos et vincula rupit, Queis innexa pedem malo pendebat ab alto,

Verg. A. 5, 511:

vipereum crinem vittis innexa cruentis,

id. ib. 6, 281.—

Trop.

In gen., to connect one thing with another, adduce or devise successively, weave, frame, contrive:

causas innecte morandi,

Verg. A. 4, 51:

moras,

Stat. Th. 5, 743:

fraudem clienti,

Verg. A. 6, 609.—

In partic.

To entangle, implicate:

innexus conscientiae alicujus,

Tac. A. 3, 10.—

To join, connect:

Hyrcanis per affinitatem innexus erat,

Tac. A. 6, 36:

motus animi innexi implicatique vigoribus quibusdam mentium,

Gell. 19, 2, 3:

mentem, i. e. veneficio illigare,

Sen. Hipp. 416.