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61 degrade
dɪˈɡreɪd гл.
1) ухудшать;
ухудшаться, портиться, приходить в упадок Syn: degenerate
2) разрушать, портить To insist on the secularity of the State can only help to degrade it. ≈ Требовать секуляризации государства - значит только помогать его разрушить.
3) понижать (официально) в звании, ранге, статусе;
разжаловать;
лишать сана, извергать из сана He was formally degraded from the priesthood. ≈ Он был формально отрешен от духовного сана. Syn: disgrace, demote
4) принижать( понижать статус кого-л. или чего-л. в общественном мнении) The university would not degrade itself in the eyes of the visitors by bear-play. ≈ Университет не уронит себя в глазах посетителей своими грубыми забавами.
5) а) унижать An unhealthy craving will degrade a man. ≈ Нездоровые стремления унижают человека. The whole was a concerted scheme to depress and degrade every member of the Waverley family. ≈ Все это был хорошо спланированный план для того, чтобы подавить и унизить каждого члена семейства Уэверли. You can't help thinking badly of any man who would degrade himself whining in that way. ≈ Невозможно хорошо относиться к человеку, который унижает себя таким нытьем. Syn: debase б) понижать, снижать, убавлять (цену, силу и т. п.) ;
живоп. приглушать цвет, тон He proposed to degrade prices instead of aiming to sustain them. ≈ Он предложил понизить цены, вместо того чтобы стараться сохранить их на том же уровне. How to degrade the tones with this single enamel colour. ≈ Как снизить интенсивность тона с помощью этой единственной эмалевой краски.
6) биол. деградировать, вырождаться
7) геол. размывать, разрушать ухудшать - to * man to the level of beasts низводить человека до уровня животных ухудшаться, деградировать приводить в упадок;
портить, разлагать - to * the theatre привести театр в упадок приходить в упадок, деградировать;
вырождаться;
портиться, разлагаться понижать, снижать (цену и т. п.) уменьшать (масштаб, силу) разжаловать;
понизить в должности, в чине и т. п. - to * smb. from the priesthood лишить кого-л. духовного сана унижать, подрывать авторитет - to * oneself уронить себя, унизиться - it *s a man to think too much about money унизительно чересчур много думать о деньгах ослаблять интенсивность тона или цвета - to * the brilliancy of the dyes ослабить сочность красок (химическое) (физическое) деградировать (биология) вырождаться (геология) размывать;
понижаться (о местности) отложить экзамен на год (при получении степени бакалавра искусств в Кембриджском университете) degrade жив. ослаблять интенсивность тона ~ понижать (в чине, звании и т. п.) ;
разжаловать;
низводить на низшую ступень ~ приходить в упадок;
деградировать ~ геол. размывать;
разрушать ~ снижать, убавлять, уменьшать ( силу, ценность и т. п.) ~ унижать ~ вчт. ухудшать -
62 evidence
evidence [ˊevɪdǝns]1. n1) основа́ние; да́нные, при́знаки;to give ( или to bear) evidence свиде́тельствовать
;on this evidence в све́те э́того
;from all evidence, there is ample evidence that всё говори́т за то, что
2) юр. ули́ка; свиде́тельское показа́ние;piece of evidence ули́ка
;cumulative evidence совоку́пность ули́к
;to call in evidence вызыва́ть ( в суд) для да́чи показа́ний
;to turn King's ( или Queen's, амер. State's) evidence вы́дать соо́бщников и стать свиде́телем обвине́ния
;in evidence при́нятый в ка́честве доказа́тельства [ср. тж. 3)]
3) очеви́дность;in evidence заме́тный, броса́ющийся в глаза́ [ср. тж. 2)]
2. v служи́ть доказа́тельством, дока́зывать -
63 expense
1. сущ.1) общ. трата, расход (объем ресурсов, затраченное на достижение какой-л. цели)2) учет, преим. мн. расходы, издержки, затраты ( денежные затраты при осуществлении экономической деятельности)to reduce [cut down, bate\] expenses — снизить расходы [издержки\]
to bear expenses — нести расходы [издержки\]
to burden with expenses — обременять расходами [издержками\]
building expenses — расходы на строительство, издержки строительства
production expenses — расходы на производство, издержки производства
expenses incidental to— расходы [издержки\], связанные с...
Most advertisers look upon advertising as an expense and not an investment, which is a mistake. — Большинство рекламодателей ошибаются, относясь к рекламе как к издержкам, а не как к инвестициям.
Syn:cost, expenditure 2)See:advertising expenses, bad debt expense, business expense, commercial expenses, employee expenses, entertainment expenses, executive expenses, expense-to-sales ratio, indirect expenses, allowable expenses, contingent expenses, expenses of the state, medical expense, medical expense insurance, public expenses, travel and entertainment expense, business overhead expense insurance, extra expense insurance, legal expenses insurance, loss adjustment expense, underwriting expense ratio, pension expenses3) эк. (что-л., требующее больших затрат)A car can be a great expense. — Машина может обойтись вам очень дорого.
Redecorating the house will be a considerable expense. — Отделка дома заново потребует значительных затрат.
4) эк. счет, цена (в значении "за счет кого-л.")See:2. гл.1) эк. взыскивать расходы (получать с кого-л. плату за понесенные издержки)2) эк. относить [списывать\] на издержкиWe expensed our moving cost. — Мы списали на издержки наши расходы по переезду.
3) общ. израсходовать(ся)
* * *
1) расходы, затраты (текущие, капитальные и т. д.); 2) перен.: счет, ценаat your expense - за ваш счет.
* * *затраты, издержкисумма, израсходованная на оплату товаров или услуг, которая, таким образом, более не является активом покупающей организации -
64 housing
сущ.1) эк. обеспечение жильем, предоставление жилья (осуществляется совместными усилиями частных строительных компаний и муниципальных властей, а также региональных и федеральных органов государственного управления, которые реализуют собственные программы помощи в приобретении жилья различным категориям граждан)housing department — отдел обеспечения жильем [по жилищным вопросам\]
The council provides low cost housing for families in the borough. — Совет осуществляет обеспечение городских семей недорогим жильем.
Housing Bonds are used to finance low-interest mortgages.
These housing bonds are not the obligation of the United States Government at all.
It is our conclusion that the $133 million New York City Housing Development Corp. general housing bonds, Series A, are general obligations of a State.
The outstanding housing bonds floated a few years ago bear very attractive interest.
This means that the market for housing bonds must be greatly expanded in size.
See:public housing, rental housing, housing list, housing agency, Department of Housing and Urban Development, housing bond2) эк. жилье, дом; жилищный фондthe family lives in council housing — семья проживает в муниципальном доме [муниципальной квартире\]
See:* * * -
65 near cash
!гос. фин. The resource budget contains a separate control total for “near cash” expenditure, that is expenditure such as pay and current grants which impacts directly on the measure of the golden rule.This paper provides background information on the framework for the planning and control of public expenditure in the UK which has been operated since the 1998 Comprehensive Spending Review (CSR). It sets out the different classifications of spending for budgeting purposes and why these distinctions have been adopted. It discusses how the public expenditure framework is designed to ensure both sound public finances and an outcome-focused approach to public expenditure.The UK's public spending framework is based on several key principles:"consistency with a long-term, prudent and transparent regime for managing the public finances as a whole;" "the judgement of success by policy outcomes rather than resource inputs;" "strong incentives for departments and their partners in service delivery to plan over several years and plan together where appropriate so as to deliver better public services with greater cost effectiveness; and"the proper costing and management of capital assets to provide the right incentives for public investment.The Government sets policy to meet two firm fiscal rules:"the Golden Rule states that over the economic cycle, the Government will borrow only to invest and not to fund current spending; and"the Sustainable Investment Rule states that net public debt as a proportion of GDP will be held over the economic cycle at a stable and prudent level. Other things being equal, net debt will be maintained below 40 per cent of GDP over the economic cycle.Achievement of the fiscal rules is assessed by reference to the national accounts, which are produced by the Office for National Statistics, acting as an independent agency. The Government sets its spending envelope to comply with these fiscal rules.Departmental Expenditure Limits ( DEL) and Annually Managed Expenditure (AME)"Departmental Expenditure Limit ( DEL) spending, which is planned and controlled on a three year basis in Spending Reviews; and"Annually Managed Expenditure ( AME), which is expenditure which cannot reasonably be subject to firm, multi-year limits in the same way as DEL. AME includes social security benefits, local authority self-financed expenditure, debt interest, and payments to EU institutions.More information about DEL and AME is set out below.In Spending Reviews, firm DEL plans are set for departments for three years. To ensure consistency with the Government's fiscal rules departments are set separate resource (current) and capital budgets. The resource budget contains a separate control total for “near cash” expenditure, that is expenditure such as pay and current grants which impacts directly on the measure of the golden rule.To encourage departments to plan over the medium term departments may carry forward unspent DEL provision from one year into the next and, subject to the normal tests for tautness and realism of plans, may be drawn down in future years. This end-year flexibility also removes any incentive for departments to use up their provision as the year end approaches with less regard to value for money. For the full benefits of this flexibility and of three year plans to feed through into improved public service delivery, end-year flexibility and three year budgets should be cascaded from departments to executive agencies and other budget holders.Three year budgets and end-year flexibility give those managing public services the stability to plan their operations on a sensible time scale. Further, the system means that departments cannot seek to bid up funds each year (before 1997, three year plans were set and reviewed in annual Public Expenditure Surveys). So the credibility of medium-term plans has been enhanced at both central and departmental level.Departments have certainty over the budgetary allocation over the medium term and these multi-year DEL plans are strictly enforced. Departments are expected to prioritise competing pressures and fund these within their overall annual limits, as set in Spending Reviews. So the DEL system provides a strong incentive to control costs and maximise value for money.There is a small centrally held DEL Reserve. Support from the Reserve is available only for genuinely unforeseeable contingencies which departments cannot be expected to manage within their DEL.AME typically consists of programmes which are large, volatile and demand-led, and which therefore cannot reasonably be subject to firm multi-year limits. The biggest single element is social security spending. Other items include tax credits, Local Authority Self Financed Expenditure, Scottish Executive spending financed by non-domestic rates, and spending financed from the proceeds of the National Lottery.AME is reviewed twice a year as part of the Budget and Pre-Budget Report process reflecting the close integration of the tax and benefit system, which was enhanced by the introduction of tax credits.AME is not subject to the same three year expenditure limits as DEL, but is still part of the overall envelope for public expenditure. Affordability is taken into account when policy decisions affecting AME are made. The Government has committed itself not to take policy measures which are likely to have the effect of increasing social security or other elements of AME without taking steps to ensure that the effects of those decisions can be accommodated prudently within the Government's fiscal rules.Given an overall envelope for public spending, forecasts of AME affect the level of resources available for DEL spending. Cautious estimates and the AME margin are built in to these AME forecasts and reduce the risk of overspending on AME.Together, DEL plus AME sum to Total Managed Expenditure (TME). TME is a measure drawn from national accounts. It represents the current and capital spending of the public sector. The public sector is made up of central government, local government and public corporations.Resource and Capital Budgets are set in terms of accruals information. Accruals information measures resources as they are consumed rather than when the cash is paid. So for example the Resource Budget includes a charge for depreciation, a measure of the consumption or wearing out of capital assets."Non cash charges in budgets do not impact directly on the fiscal framework. That may be because the national accounts use a different way of measuring the same thing, for example in the case of the depreciation of departmental assets. Or it may be that the national accounts measure something different: for example, resource budgets include a cost of capital charge reflecting the opportunity cost of holding capital; the national accounts include debt interest."Within the Resource Budget DEL, departments have separate controls on:"Near cash spending, the sub set of Resource Budgets which impacts directly on the Golden Rule; and"The amount of their Resource Budget DEL that departments may spend on running themselves (e.g. paying most civil servants’ salaries) is limited by Administration Budgets, which are set in Spending Reviews. Administration Budgets are used to ensure that as much money as practicable is available for front line services and programmes. These budgets also help to drive efficiency improvements in departments’ own activities. Administration Budgets exclude the costs of frontline services delivered directly by departments.The Budget preceding a Spending Review sets an overall envelope for public spending that is consistent with the fiscal rules for the period covered by the Spending Review. In the Spending Review, the Budget AME forecast for year one of the Spending Review period is updated, and AME forecasts are made for the later years of the Spending Review period.The 1998 Comprehensive Spending Review ( CSR), which was published in July 1998, was a comprehensive review of departmental aims and objectives alongside a zero-based analysis of each spending programme to determine the best way of delivering the Government's objectives. The 1998 CSR allocated substantial additional resources to the Government's key priorities, particularly education and health, for the three year period from 1999-2000 to 2001-02.Delivering better public services does not just depend on how much money the Government spends, but also on how well it spends it. Therefore the 1998 CSR introduced Public Service Agreements (PSAs). Each major government department was given its own PSA setting out clear targets for achievements in terms of public service improvements.The 1998 CSR also introduced the DEL/ AME framework for the control of public spending, and made other framework changes. Building on the investment and reforms delivered by the 1998 CSR, successive spending reviews in 2000, 2002 and 2004 have:"provided significant increase in resources for the Government’s priorities, in particular health and education, and cross-cutting themes such as raising productivity; extending opportunity; and building strong and secure communities;" "enabled the Government significantly to increase investment in public assets and address the legacy of under investment from past decades. Departmental Investment Strategies were introduced in SR2000. As a result there has been a steady increase in public sector net investment from less than ¾ of a per cent of GDP in 1997-98 to 2¼ per cent of GDP in 2005-06, providing better infrastructure across public services;" "introduced further refinements to the performance management framework. PSA targets have been reduced in number over successive spending reviews from around 300 to 110 to give greater focus to the Government’s highest priorities. The targets have become increasingly outcome-focused to deliver further improvements in key areas of public service delivery across Government. They have also been refined in line with the conclusions of the Devolving Decision Making Review to provide a framework which encourages greater devolution and local flexibility. Technical Notes were introduced in SR2000 explaining how performance against each PSA target will be measured; and"not only allocated near cash spending to departments, but also – since SR2002 - set Resource DEL plans for non cash spending.To identify what further investments and reforms are needed to equip the UK for the global challenges of the decade ahead, on 19 July 2005 the Chief Secretary to the Treasury announced that the Government intends to launch a second Comprehensive Spending Review (CSR) reporting in 2007.A decade on from the first CSR, the 2007 CSR will represent a long-term and fundamental review of government expenditure. It will cover departmental allocations for 2008-09, 2009-10 and 2010 11. Allocations for 2007-08 will be held to the agreed figures already announced by the 2004 Spending Review. To provide a rigorous analytical framework for these departmental allocations, the Government will be taking forward a programme of preparatory work over 2006 involving:"an assessment of what the sustained increases in spending and reforms to public service delivery have achieved since the first CSR. The assessment will inform the setting of new objectives for the decade ahead;" "an examination of the key long-term trends and challenges that will shape the next decade – including demographic and socio-economic change, globalisation, climate and environmental change, global insecurity and technological change – together with an assessment of how public services will need to respond;" "to release the resources needed to address these challenges, and to continue to secure maximum value for money from public spending over the CSR period, a set of zero-based reviews of departments’ baseline expenditure to assess its effectiveness in delivering the Government’s long-term objectives; together with"further development of the efficiency programme, building on the cross cutting areas identified in the Gershon Review, to embed and extend ongoing efficiency savings into departmental expenditure planning.The 2007 CSR also offers the opportunity to continue to refine the PSA framework so that it drives effective delivery and the attainment of ambitious national standards.Public Service Agreements (PSAs) were introduced in the 1998 CSR. They set out agreed targets detailing the outputs and outcomes departments are expected to deliver with the resources allocated to them. The new spending regime places a strong emphasis on outcome targets, for example in providing for better health and higher educational standards or service standards. The introduction in SR2004 of PSA ‘standards’ will ensure that high standards in priority areas are maintained.The Government monitors progress against PSA targets, and departments report in detail twice a year in their annual Departmental Reports (published in spring) and in their autumn performance reports. These reports provide Parliament and the public with regular updates on departments’ performance against their targets.Technical Notes explain how performance against each PSA target will be measured.To make the most of both new investment and existing assets, there needs to be a coherent long term strategy against which investment decisions are taken. Departmental Investment Strategies (DIS) set out each department's plans to deliver the scale and quality of capital stock needed to underpin its objectives. The DIS includes information about the department's existing capital stock and future plans for that stock, as well as plans for new investment. It also sets out the systems that the department has in place to ensure that it delivers its capital programmes effectively.This document was updated on 19 December 2005.Near-cash resource expenditure that has a related cash implication, even though the timing of the cash payment may be slightly different. For example, expenditure on gas or electricity supply is incurred as the fuel is used, though the cash payment might be made in arrears on aquarterly basis. Other examples of near-cash expenditure are: pay, rental.Net cash requirement the upper limit agreed by Parliament on the cash which a department may draw from theConsolidated Fund to finance the expenditure within the ambit of its Request forResources. It is equal to the agreed amount of net resources and net capital less non-cashitems and working capital.Non-cash cost costs where there is no cash transaction but which are included in a body’s accounts (or taken into account in charging for a service) to establish the true cost of all the resourcesused.Non-departmental a body which has a role in the processes of government, but is not a government public body, NDPBdepartment or part of one. NDPBs accordingly operate at arm’s length from governmentMinisters.Notional cost of a cost which is taken into account in setting fees and charges to improve comparability with insuranceprivate sector service providers.The charge takes account of the fact that public bodies donot generally pay an insurance premium to a commercial insurer.the independent body responsible for collecting and publishing official statistics about theUK’s society and economy. (At the time of going to print legislation was progressing tochange this body to the Statistics Board).Office of Government an office of the Treasury, with a status similar to that of an agency, which aims to maximise Commerce, OGCthe government’s purchasing power for routine items and combine professional expertiseto bear on capital projects.Office of the the government department responsible for discharging the Paymaster General’s statutoryPaymaster General,responsibilities to hold accounts and make payments for government departments and OPGother public bodies.Orange bookthe informal title for Management of Risks: Principles and Concepts, which is published by theTreasury for the guidance of public sector bodies.Office for NationalStatistics, ONS60Managing Public Money————————————————————————————————————————"GLOSSARYOverdraftan account with a negative balance.Parliament’s formal agreement to authorise an activity or expenditure.Prerogative powerspowers exercisable under the Royal Prerogative, ie powers which are unique to the Crown,as contrasted with common-law powers which may be available to the Crown on the samebasis as to natural persons.Primary legislationActs which have been passed by the Westminster Parliament and, where they haveappropriate powers, the Scottish Parliament and the Northern Ireland Assembly. Begin asBills until they have received Royal Assent.arrangements under which a public sector organisation contracts with a private sectorentity to construct a facility and provide associated services of a specified quality over asustained period. See annex 7.5.Proprietythe principle that patterns of resource consumption should respect Parliament’s intentions,conventions and control procedures, including any laid down by the PAC. See box 2.4.Public Accountssee Committee of Public Accounts.CommitteePublic corporationa trading body controlled by central government, local authority or other publiccorporation that has substantial day to day operating independence. See section 7.8.Public Dividend finance provided by government to public sector bodies as an equity stake; an alternative to Capital, PDCloan finance.Public Service sets out what the public can expect the government to deliver with its resources. EveryAgreement, PSAlarge government department has PSA(s) which specify deliverables as targets or aimsrelated to objectives.a structured arrangement between a public sector and a private sector organisation tosecure an outcome delivering good value for money for the public sector. It is classified tothe public or private sector according to which has more control.Rate of returnthe financial remuneration delivered by a particular project or enterprise, expressed as apercentage of the net assets employed.Regularitythe principle that resource consumption should accord with the relevant legislation, therelevant delegated authority and this document. See box 2.4.Request for the functional level into which departmental Estimates may be split. RfRs contain a number Resources, RfRof functions being carried out by the department in pursuit of one or more of thatdepartment’s objectives.Resource accountan accruals account produced in line with the Financial Reporting Manual (FReM).Resource accountingthe system under which budgets, Estimates and accounts are constructed in a similar wayto commercial audited accounts, so that both plans and records of expenditure allow in fullfor the goods and services which are to be, or have been, consumed – ie not just the cashexpended.Resource budgetthe means by which the government plans and controls the expenditure of resources tomeet its objectives.Restitutiona legal concept which allows money and property to be returned to its rightful owner. Ittypically operates where another person can be said to have been unjustly enriched byreceiving such monies.Return on capital the ratio of profit to capital employed of an accounting entity during an identified period.employed, ROCEVarious measures of profit and of capital employed may be used in calculating the ratio.Public Privatepartnership, PPPPrivate Finance Initiative, PFIParliamentaryauthority61Managing Public Money"————————————————————————————————————————GLOSSARYRoyal charterthe document setting out the powers and constitution of a corporation established underprerogative power of the monarch acting on Privy Council advice.Second readingthe second formal time that a House of Parliament may debate a bill, although in practicethe first substantive debate on its content. If successful, it is deemed to denoteParliamentary approval of the principle of the proposed legislation.Secondary legislationlaws, including orders and regulations, which are made using powers in primary legislation.Normally used to set out technical and administrative provision in greater detail thanprimary legislation, they are subject to a less intense level of scrutiny in Parliament.European legislation is,however,often implemented in secondary legislation using powers inthe European Communities Act 1972.Service-level agreement between parties, setting out in detail the level of service to be performed.agreementWhere agreements are between central government bodies, they are not legally a contractbut have a similar function.Shareholder Executive a body created to improve the government’s performance as a shareholder in businesses.Spending reviewsets out the key improvements in public services that the public can expect over a givenperiod. It includes a thorough review of departmental aims and objectives to find the bestway of delivering the government’s objectives, and sets out the spending plans for the givenperiod.State aidstate support for a domestic body or company which could distort EU competition and sois not usually allowed. See annex 4.9.Statement of Excessa formal statement detailing departments’ overspends prepared by the Comptroller andAuditor General as a result of undertaking annual audits.Statement on Internal an annual statement that Accounting Officers are required to make as part of the accounts Control, SICon a range of risk and control issues.Subheadindividual elements of departmental expenditure identifiable in Estimates as single cells, forexample cell A1 being administration costs within a particular line of departmental spending.Supplyresources voted by Parliament in response to Estimates, for expenditure by governmentdepartments.Supply Estimatesa statement of the resources the government needs in the coming financial year, and forwhat purpose(s), by which Parliamentary authority is sought for the planned level ofexpenditure and income.Target rate of returnthe rate of return required of a project or enterprise over a given period, usually at least a year.Third sectorprivate sector bodies which do not act commercially,including charities,social and voluntaryorganisations and other not-for-profit collectives. See annex 7.7.Total Managed a Treasury budgeting term which covers all current and capital spending carried out by the Expenditure,TMEpublic sector (ie not just by central departments).Trading fundan organisation (either within a government department or forming one) which is largely orwholly financed from commercial revenue generated by its activities. Its Estimate shows itsnet impact, allowing its income from receipts to be devoted entirely to its business.Treasury Minutea formal administrative document drawn up by the Treasury, which may serve a wide varietyof purposes including seeking Parliamentary approval for the use of receipts asappropriations in aid, a remission of some or all of the principal of voted loans, andresponding on behalf of the government to reports by the Public Accounts Committee(PAC).62Managing Public Money————————————————————————————————————————GLOSSARY63Managing Public MoneyValue for moneythe process under which organisation’s procurement, projects and processes aresystematically evaluated and assessed to provide confidence about suitability, effectiveness,prudence,quality,value and avoidance of error and other waste,judged for the public sectoras a whole.Virementthe process through which funds are moved between subheads such that additionalexpenditure on one is met by savings on one or more others.Votethe process by which Parliament approves funds in response to supply Estimates.Voted expenditureprovision for expenditure that has been authorised by Parliament. Parliament ‘votes’authority for public expenditure through the Supply Estimates process. Most expenditureby central government departments is authorised in this way.Wider market activity activities undertaken by central government organisations outside their statutory duties,using spare capacity and aimed at generating a commercial profit. See annex 7.6.Windfallmonies received by a department which were not anticipated in the spending review.———————————————————————————————————————— -
66 SPB
1) Морской термин: Self supporting Prismatic type B (тип резервуара для транспортировки сжиженного газа на газовозе), самоуравновешивающийся призматический резервуар типа B2) Медицина: supraventricular premature beat3) Военный термин: Security Policy Board, Services Pension Board, Surplus Property Board, seaplane base, sectional personnel bridge, ship's plotting board, Special Projects Branch (NATO)4) Шутливое выражение: Sarong Party Boys, Scandinavian Plow Boy5) Грубое выражение: Stupid Polar Bear6) Сокращение: Section Personnel Bridge, Systems Policy Branch (NATO)7) Картография: sea plane base8) Сетевые технологии: Synchronous Pipelined Burst9) Программирование: Simulate Peanut Butter10) Правительство: State Personnel Board11) Аэропорты: Seaplane Base, Virgin Islands12) Программное обеспечение: Screen Power For Braille -
67 evidence
1. n1) данные; факты; основание2) доказательство; свидетельство3) очевидность; ясность4) юр. доказательство; улика; показания•to be evidence of smth — являться свидетельством чего-л., свидетельствовать о чем-л.
to falsify evidence — 1) фальсифицировать свидетельские показания 2) подделывать (документы и т.п.)
to find evidence — находить / обнаруживать доказательства
to give evidence — давать показания; свидетельствовать
to take the evidence of smb — допрашивать кого-л.
- admissibility of evidenceto withhold evidence — утаивать / скрывать улики / факты / данные
- ample evidence - clear evidence
- compelling evidence
- compulsive evidence
- concrete evidence
- cumulative evidence
- documentary evidence
- eloquent evidence
- evidence by hearsay
- evidence given by smb fitted in very closely with what we already knew
- evidence has been assembled about smth
- evidence has gone missing
- evidence in confirming the validity
- evidence of inflation
- evidence of recovery
- evidence speaks for itself
- fabricated evidence
- firm evidence
- forensic evidence
- fresh evidence
- further evidence
- good evidence
- historical evidence
- in evidence
- indirect evidence
- insufficiency of oral evidence
- irrefutable evidence
- law of evidence
- material evidence
- mounting evidence of smth
- original evidence
- parole evidence
- physical evidence
- piece of evidence
- presumptive evidence
- production of evidence
- real evidence
- reams of evidence
- reasonable evidence
- solid evidence - there is continuing evidence that...
- there is increasing evidence that... 2. v юр.2) доказывать, служить доказательством -
68 right
1. n1) право2) (the right) полит. правые•to abolish / to abrogate a right — отменять право
to achieve one's legitimate rights — добиваться осуществления своих законных прав
to be within one's rights in doing smth — быть вправе делать что-л.
to challenge smb's right — оспаривать чье-л. право
to champion smb's rights — отстаивать / защищать чьи-л. права, выступать в защиту чьих-л. прав
to come out in support of smb's rights — отстаивать / защищать чьи-л. права, выступать в защиту чьих-л. прав
to consolidate smb's rights — усиливать чьи-л. права
to contest smb's right — оспаривать чье-л. право
to curtail the rights — урезать кого-л. в правах, ограничивать чьи-л. права
to deprive smb of right — лишать кого-л. права, отказывать кому-л. в праве
to dispute smb's right — оспаривать чье-л. право
to enjoy a right to smth / to do smth — обладать / пользоваться правом, иметь право на что-л. / делать что-л.
to enshrine the right of citizenship in the constitution — записывать право гражданства в конституции
to exercise a right — использовать / осуществлять право, пользоваться правом
to forfeit one's right — утрачивать / лишаться своего права
to give / to grant smb a right — предоставлять кому-л. право
to have a right to smth / to do smth — обладать / пользоваться правом, иметь право на что-л. / делать что-л.
to implement a right — использовать / осуществлять право, пользоваться правом
to infringe smb's rights — ущемлять чьи-л. права
to maintain smb's rights — отстаивать / защищать чьи-л. права, выступать в защиту чьих-л. прав
to make new commitments to human rights — брать на себя новые обязательства в деле соблюдения прав человека
to promote respect for and observance of human rights — поощрять уважение и соблюдение прав человека
to reaffirm one's right — подтверждать свое право
to realize a right — использовать / осуществлять право; пользоваться правом
to relinquish / to renounce a right — отказываться от права
to reserve a right to do smth — оставлять / сохранять за собой право делать что-л.
to restore one's rights — восстанавливать свои права
to stand up for smb's rights — отстаивать / защищать чьи-л. права, выступать в защиту чьих-л. прав
to strengthen smb's rights — усиливать чьи-л. права
to suppress smb's right — подавлять чьи-л. права
to uphold the right — поддерживать чье-л. право
to vindicate smb's rights — отстаивать / защищать чьи-л. права, выступать в защиту чьих-л. прав
- abortion rightto violate smb's rights — нарушать / ущемлять чьи-л. права
- abridgment of rights
- abuse of rights
- advocates of human rights
- assault on smb's rights
- basic rights
- belligerent rights
- campaigner for human rights
- capitulations rights
- center right
- champion of human rights
- civic rights
- civil rights
- commitment to human rights
- confirmation right
- constitutional right
- contractual rights
- country's record on human rights - cultural rights
- curtailment of rights
- declaration of rights
- declaration on rights
- defendant's right to silence
- democratic rights
- deprivation of rights
- disregard for human rights
- disregard of human rights
- drift to the right in the government
- drift to the right
- economic rights
- electoral right
- entry rights to a country
- equal rights
- essential right
- European Court of Human Rights
- exclusive rights
- explicit recognition of a country's right to exist
- fishing right
- flagrant violation of rights
- flagrant violations of rights
- frustration of rights
- full right
- fundamental rights
- gay rights
- guaranteed right
- honorable right
- human rights
- hypocrisy over human rights
- immutable right
- implementation of rights
- improved human rights
- inalienable right
- individual rights
- infringement of smb's rights
- infringements of smb's rights
- inherent right
- International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
- invasion of smb's rights
- irrevocable right
- lack of rights
- lacking rights
- land right
- landing right
- lawful right
- legal right
- legitimate right
- minority rights
- monopoly right
- moral-political right
- national rights
- nation's right to self-determination
- navigation right
- negotiating right - oil exploration right
- on the political right
- overflying right
- parental rights
- people's basic rights
- personal rights
- political rights
- port right
- postures about human rights
- preferential right
- procedural rights
- proprietary right
- protection of rights
- realization of rights
- recognition of rights
- religious right
- respect for rights
- respect of rights
- restoration of rights to smb
- restoration of smb's rights
- right of abode
- right of accession
- right of appeal
- right of assembly
- right of association
- right of asylum
- right of authorship
- right of conscience
- right of defense
- right of entry to a country
- right of freedom of thought, conscience and religion
- right of impeachment of the President
- right of inheritance
- right of innocent passage
- right of learning
- right of nations / peoples of self-determination
- right of nations / peoples to self-determination
- right of navigation
- right of passage
- right of peoples to determine their own destiny
- right of peoples to order their own destinies
- right of possession
- right of property
- right of publication
- right of recourse
- right of reply
- right of secession
- right of self-defense
- right of settlement
- right of sovereignty
- right of the defendant to remain silence
- right of veto
- right of visit
- right of workers to strike - right to assembly
- right to associate in public organizations
- right to choose one's own destiny
- right to demonstrate
- right to education
- right to elect and be elected
- right to emigrate
- right to equality before the law
- right to exist
- right to fly a maritime flag
- right to form and to join trade unions
- right to free choice of employment
- right to free education
- right to free medical services
- right to free speech
- right to freedom of conscience
- right to freedom of opinion and expression
- right to freedom of peaceful assembly and association
- right to freedom of religion
- right to freedom of thought
- right to health protection
- right to housing
- right to independence
- right to inherit
- right to juridical equality
- right to keep and bear arms
- right to know
- right to labor
- right to life, liberty and security of person
- right to maintenance
- right to marry and to found a family
- right to material security in old age, sickness and disability
- right to national autonomy
- right to national independence and sovereignty
- right to one's own convictions
- right to own property
- right to privacy
- right to residence
- right to rest and leisure
- right to rest
- right to run the country
- right to sail
- right to secede
- right to security of person
- right to self-rule
- right to silence
- right to sit the case before the court
- right to social insurance
- right to speedy trial
- right to study in the native language
- right to take part in government
- right to take part in the management and administration of state and public affairs
- right to territorial integrity
- right to trial by jury
- right to vote
- right to work
- rights don't come without responsibilities
- rights of a man
- rights of minorities
- rights of national minorities
- rights of small states
- rights of the child
- rights of trade unions
- sacred right
- SDR
- social rights
- socio-political rights
- sole right
- sovereign right
- special drawing rights - swing to the right in the government
- swing to the right
- tensions on human rights
- territorial rights
- theoretical right to secede from a country
- trade union rights
- transit right
- treaty rights
- unconditional right
- undisputed right
- unequal rights - veto right
- vital rights
- voting right
- waiver of a right
- with a right to vote
- without a right to vote 2. a1) правый, правильный2) полит. ( часто Right) правый•- far right -
69 share
1. n1) доля, часть; участие; пай2) брит. акция•to bear one's share in smth — принимать участие в чем-л.
to have one's share in smth — принимать участие в чем-л.
to hold share in a company — иметь акции какой-л. компании
to suspend a company's shares at the stock exchange — временно прекращать продажу акций какой-л. компании на фондовой бирже
- issuer of sharesto take one's share in smth — принимать участие в чем-л.
- liberal share
- on Wall Street shares suffered big losses
- preference shares
- share closed higher
- share in a business
- share in foreign trade
- share in the profit
- share of capital
- share of debt servicing
- share of labor
- share of repayment
- share plunged
- share to bearer
- the lion's share
- the number of shares changing hands was...
- voting shares 2. vделить; распределять; иметь долю, иметь часть; участвовать; разделять (мнение и т.п.) -
70 oath of allegiance
Обязательный элемент принятия гражданства США [ naturalization]. Присягающий вслед за секретарем суда повторяет текст присяги: "Настоящим я клятвенно заверяю, что я абсолютно и полностью отрекаюсь от верности и преданности любому иностранному монарху, властителю, государству или суверенной власти, подданным или гражданином которого я был до сих пор; что я буду соблюдать и защищать Конституцию и законы Соединенных Штатов Америки против всех их врагов, внешних и внутренних,... что я буду верным и преданным гражданином Соединенных Штатов Америки; что я принимаю это обязательство свободно, без какой-либо невысказанной оговорки и не для того, чтобы уклоняться от его соблюдения. Да поможет мне Бог". ["I hereby declare, on oath, that I absolutely and entirely renounce and abjure all allegiance and fidelity to any foreign prince, potentate, state, or sovereignty, of whom I have heretofore been a subject or citizen; that I will support and defend the Constitution and laws of the United States of America against all enemies, foreign and domestic;... that I will bear true faith and allegiance to the same; and that I take this obligation freely without any mental reservation or purpose of evasion: so help me God"]English-Russian dictionary of regional studies > oath of allegiance
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71 Second Amendment
Поправка к Конституции США [ Constitution, U.S.], входящая в Билль о правах [ Bill of Rights]. Гласит: "Поскольку хорошо организованная милиция необходима для безопасности свободного государства, право народа хранить и носить оружие не должно ограничиваться" ["A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed"]. Это право граждан сыграло важнейшую роль в истории США, но при наличии современных вооруженных сил необходимость во владении гражданами оружием для защиты государства отпадает. Верховный суд [ Supreme Court, U.S.] поддерживает законы штатов и федеральные законы, ограничивающие свободу владения и продажи оружия.English-Russian dictionary of regional studies > Second Amendment
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72 evidence
1. noun1) очевидность; in evidence заметный, бросающийся в глаза2) основание; данные, признаки; to give (или to bear) evidence свидетельствовать; on this evidence в свете этого; from all evidence, there is ample evidence that все говорит за то, что3) leg. улика; свидетельское показание; piece of evidence улика; cumulative evidence совокупность улик; to call in evidence вызывать (в суд) для дачи показаний; to turn King's (или Queen,s amer. State's) evidence выдать сообщников и стать свидетелем обвинения; in evidence принятый в качестве доказательстваSyn:testimony2. verbслужить доказательством, доказывать* * *1 (n) доказательство; свидетельское показание; свидетельство2 (v) подтверждать; служить доказательством* * *доказательство, улика* * *[ev·i·dence || 'evɪdəns] n. основание, улика, данные, признаки, свидетельство, доказательство, очевидность, свидетельское показание v. свидетельствовать, служить доказательством, доказывать* * *доказательствоочевидностьсвидетельствасвидетельствоуликаулику* * *1. сущ. 1) ясность 2) основание; знак, признак 2. гл. 1) служить доказательством 2) удостоверять 3) юр. давать показания, выступать свидетелем -
73 Article 62
1. A citizen of the Russian Federation may have the citizenship of a foreign State (dual citizenship) according to the federal law or an international agreement of the Russian Federation.2. The possession of a foreign citizenship by a citizen of the Russian Federation shall not derogate his rights and freedoms and shall not free him from the obligations stipulated by the Russian citizenship, unless otherwise provided for by federal law or an international agreement of the Russian Federation. 3. Foreign nationals and stateless persons shall enjoy in the Russian Federation the rights and bear the obligations of citizens of the Russian Federation, except for cases envisaged by the federal law or the international agreement of the Russian Federation. __________ <На русском языке см. [ref dict="The Constitution of Russia (Russian)"]Статья 62[/ref]> <На немецком языке см. [ref dict="The Constitution of Russia (German)"]Artikel 62[/ref]> <На французском языке см. [ref dict="The Constitution of Russia (French)"]Article 62[/ref]>The Constitution of Russia. English-Russian dictionary > Article 62
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74 mind
[maɪnd] 1. сущ.1)а) разум; умственные способности; умon one's mind — в мыслях, на уме
out of one's mind — помешанный, не в своём уме
to cultivate / develop one's mind — развивать, совершенствовать свои способности
to keep one's mind on smth. — думать о чём-л., не переставая
to put / set one's mind to smth. — решить что-л.
to take one's mind off smth. — перестать думать о чём-л.
open mind — объективность, беспристрастность
to lose one's mind — потерять голову, сойти с ума
in the mind's eye — в воображении, мысленно
Syn:б) мышление, умственная деятельность2)а) память; воспоминаниеto bring /call to mind — напомнить
to bear / have/ keep / in mind — помнить, вспоминать; иметь в виду
Keep that in mind. — Сохрани это в памяти.
to be / go / pass out of mind — выскочить из памяти, быть забытым
within time of mind, time within mind of man — в пределах человеческой памяти
- put smb. in mindSyn:б) уст. церемония в память о чём-л.; поминаниеSyn:3) мнение, взгляд, точка зренияto be of one / a mind with smb., to be of smb.'s mind — быть одного и того же мнения с кем-л.
to have an open mind — быть объективным, непредубеждённым
to read smb.'s mind — читать чужие мысли
to speak one's mind, to tell smb. one's mind, to let smb. know one's mind — откровенно, без обиняков высказать свою точку зрения
Syn:4) желание, намерение, склонность- change one's mind- make up one's mind
- make up one's mind to smth.
- be in two minds, be in twenty minds
- have half a mind, have a good mind, have a great mind
- know one's own mind
- piece of one's mindSyn:5) настроение, расположение духаSyn:6) дух, душаdeep in one's mind — (глубоко) в душе, в сердце
mind's eye — духовное око; мысленный взгляд
••Many men, many minds. / No two minds think alike. посл. — Сколько голов, столько умов.; Сколько людей, столько и мнений.
2. гл.Out of sight, out of mind. посл. — С глаз долой - из сердца вон.
1) заботиться (о ком-л. / чём-л.); смотреть, присматривать (за кем / чем-л.); заниматься (чем-л.)Please mind the fire. — Пожалуйста, последите за камином.
Mind your own business. — Занимайся своим делом.
2)а) следить, обращать вниманиеMind your manners. — Следите за своими манерами.
б) слушаться (кого-л.), прислушиваться (к кому-л.)Mind your parents. — Слушай своих родителей.
Syn:3)а) беспокоиться, тревожитьсяNever mind your mistake. — Не беспокойтесь о своей ошибке.
б) возражать, иметь что-л. против (в вопросительном или отрицательном предложении, а также в утвердительном ответе)I don't mind if you go. — Я не против, если ты пойдёшь.
I shouldn't mind marrying. — Я не прочь жениться.
She doesn't mind the cold. — Она не обращает внимания на холод.
I wouldn't mind a cup of tea. — Не откажусь от чашки чая.
Do you mind my smoking? — Вы не возражаете, если я закурю?
I don't mind it a bit. — Нет, нисколько.
Yes, I mind it very much. — Нет, я очень против этого.
Syn:object II4)а) быть внимательным, аккуратным; не забыть выполнитьMind you finish it. — Не забудь закончить это.
Mind you're not late. — Смотрите, не опоздайте.
б) беречься, остерегатьсяMind the broken glass. — Осторожно, битое стекло!
5)а) шотл. напоминатьSyn:б) уст.; диал. помнитьSyn: -
75 interest
1) интерес; заинтересованность2) ссудный процент; проценты, доход с капитала3) доля, пай, участие в капитале•Interests diverge. — Интересы расходятся
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76 declare
объявлять глагол: -
77 Land
Земля имя существительное: имя прилагательное: глагол:приземлять (land, bring in to land)высаживаться (land, disembark, debark, alight)вытащить на берег (land, grass)добиваться чего-л. (land) -
78 speak
говорить глагол: -
79 head
[hed]n1) голова, черепSee:The water was over his head. — Вода была ему выше головы.
She has a good head for heights. — Она хорошо переносит высоту.
She has no head for heights. — Она не переносит высоту.
His proud, noble head bowed to nothing. — Он ни перед чем не склонял своей гордой, благородной головы.
I want a covering for the head. — Мне надо что-нибудь, чем покрыть голову.
He felt a sharp pain in his head. — Он почувствовал резкую боль в голове.
It cost him his head. — Это стоило ему головы/жизни.
to be/to sit at the head of the table — сидеть во главе стола/сидеть на почетном месте за столом;
Two heads are better than one. — Одна голова хорошо, а две лучше.
I cannot make head or tail of it. — Ничего не возможно разобрать/понять.
- shaven head- majestic head
- bumpy head
- shaking head
- sore head
- grey head
- elegant head
- egg-shaped head
- irregular head
- heavy head
- curly head
- bristling head
- nodding head
- drooping head
- giddy head
- bruised head
- bloody head head
- bleeding head
- hot head
- hooded head
- feathered head- patient's head- horse's head
- head net
- head phone
- head piece
- sharp pain in the back of one's head
- bandage on the head
- constant buzzing in the head
- blow knock on the head
- nod of the head
- shake of the head
- crown of the head
- sharp pain in smb's head
- head with hair
- head of classical form and beauty
- head from a doll
- head of hair
- good head of hair
- with a heavy head
- with a feeling of dullness in one's head
- with confusion in one's head
- over the heads of others
- from head to foot
- with a bare head
- with an uncovered head
- with a bruise on the head
- aim at smb's head
- balance smth on one's head
- bandage smb's head
- apply a bandage to smb's head
- be taller by a head
- be head over ears in debt
- beat oneself on the head with one's fist
- beat smb's head off
- bend one's head over the book
- bite smb's head off
- hang one's head in confusion
- hang one's head down
- hang one's head on one's chest
- bow one's head in admiration
- bow one's head to the ground
- give one's head for a washing
- brandish a sword over one's head
- bring down a sword over smb's head
- break one's head
- bump one's head against smth
- bump heads together
- bury one's head in one's hands
- bury one's head in the sand
- chuck one's head to avoid the blow
- complain of a throbbing pain in the head
- cover one's head to protect it from the sun
- cradle smb's head in one's breasts
- cross one's hands behind one's head
- cry one's head off
- cut off smb's head
- cut one's head open
- dip one's head into the water
- do smth standing on one's head
- do smth over smb's head
- give orders over smb's head
- give answers over smb's head
- sell a house over smb's head
- draw one's head into one's shoulders
- drop one's head on one's breast
- fall head first
- fall head over heels
- fall on one's head
- feel heavy in the head
- feel one's head
- get a bump on the head
- go about with one's head high in the air
- give one's head for smth, state one's head on smth
- go queer in the head
- have a good head for heights
- have a strong head for drink
- have pain in one's head
- hit one's head on the wall
- hit one's head against smth
- hit smb on the head
- hurt one's head
- hold one's head up
- hold one's head with one's hands
- injure one's head
- keep one's head above ground
- keep jerking one's head
- keep one's head covered
- lay one's head on smb's chest
- lift up one's head
- look smb over from head to foot
- nod one's head
- nod one's head in greeting
- plunge head over heels into the fighting
- pull one's hat down on the head
- pull the blanket over one's head
- put one's head out of the window
- put one's head in a noose
- raise one's head
- rest one's head on the pillow
- scratch one's head
- scream one's head off
- seize one's head in one's hands
- set a price on smb's head
- shake one's head
- shake one's head at smth
- sit with one's head propped on one's hand
- snap smb's head off
- stand on one's head
- stand with bare heads
- stand with one's head down
- stand with averted head
- stand smth on its head
- stick one's head in the door
- stroke smb on the head
- talk smb's head off
- talk one's head off
- throw one's head back
- tip one's head to one side
- toss one's head up
- toss one's head in pride
- toss one's head in dissent
- touch one's head to the ground
- tremble from head to foot
- turn away one's head
- turn one's head towards smb
- walk with one's head high
- wear nothing on one's head
- work one's head off
- wound smb in the head
- head sitting deep between the shoulders
- head covered with a kerchief2) руководитель, глава, начальникI must telephone the head office. — Мне надо позвонить в центр.
- executive head- titular head
- administrative head
- military head
- family head
- union heads
- learned heads
- head teacher
- head gardener
- head nurse
- head surgeon
- head-cook
- head waiter
- head workman
- head electrician
- head office
- head master
- department head
- royal heads of Europe
- head of the delegation
- head of the tribe
- head of the department
- heads of all states
- Head of the Government
- Head of the Army
- head of the expedition
- under a competent head
- be at the head of smth
- put smb at the head of the movement
- be at the head of the whole business
- stand at the head of all nations in matters of art
- be at the head of the epoch
- be at the head of the field
- be at the head of the race
- those at the head of the whole business3) ум, интеллект, умственные способности; (а.) a clear (bright, logical) head светлый (ясный, логичный) умThe problem is over/beuond our heads. — Нам эту проблему не понять.
He talked over our heads. — То, что он говорил, не доходило до/было выше нашего понимания.
He is positively/quite out of his head. — Он определенно выжил из ума.
Such an idea never entered my head. — Такая мысль мне никогда не приходила в голову/на ум.
I can't get that into his head. — Я не могу ему этого растолковать/втолковать.
He made it up out of his own head. — Он все это сам придумал/очинил/выдумал.
(b) a wise head — умница/мудрая голова/умник;
the wiser heads — мудрецы;
a hot head — горячая голова/вспыльчивый человек;
a wooden head — тупица;
a competent head — знающий человек;
to have a good head upon one's shoulders — иметь хорошую голову на плечах/быть умным;
to have an old head on young shoulders — иметь здравый смысл/быть не по годам умудрённым
- steady head- cool head
- level head
- bother one's head about smth
- be over smb's head
- get a swollen head
- be over the heads of the pupils
- come to smb's head
- do smth off the top of one's head
- do calculations in one's head
- fill one's head with trifles
- give smb his head
- have a good head for figures
- have a head for details
- have no head for names
- have a good head for politics
- keep a level head
- keep one's head
- keep one's head shut
- keep smth in one's head
- keep a cool head in emergencies
- lose one's head
- be of one's head
- be off one's head about smb
- have a good head on one's shoulders
- have an old head on young shoulders
- put smth into smb's head
- put ideas into smb's head
- put two heads together
- puzzle one's head about smth
- show much head for business
- take smth into one's head
- turn smb's head with flattery
- trouble one's head about smth
- use one's head
- write out of one's head4) скот, голова скота (единица счёта), поголовье скота; 20 heads of deer двадцать голов оленей- large head of game
- consumption of milk per head of the population5) верхняя главная часть предмета, верх, верхушка, верхняя часть, головная часть, передняя часть, головка, шляпкаWe'll have to knock in the head of the barrel. — Нам придется пробить верх бочки.
heads I win, tails I lose. — Орел - я выигрываю, решка - проигрываю.
Coins often bear the head of a famous ruler. — На монетах нередко высечена голова известного правителя.
- forked head- wooden head
- tape-recorder head
- pit head
- pointed arrow head
- axe head
- missile head
- pin head
- figure head
- crumpled head
- head tide
- head wind
- head lights
- head stone
- head land- head division of a parade- head of the bed
- head of the column
- head of the river
- head of the bay- head of a hammer- head of a rail
- head of a violin
- head of cane
- head of the stairs
- head of the barrel
- head of barley
- head of a rock
- head of a peer
- mountain head overgrown by shrubbery
- nails with a wide head
- bolts with a square head
- axe with a heavy head
- glass of beer with a good head on it
- car with a folding head
- at the head of a page
- at the head of the list
- stand at the head of the bay
- boil is gathering head6) раздел, рубрика, параграф, пункт, заголовокThe story has a double head. — У рассказа двойное название.
He arranged his speech under four main heads. — Он разбил свою речь на четыре основных пункта/раздела.
It may be included under this head. — Это может быть включено в этот параграф/раздел.
It comes/it is kept/it is included under the head of "miscellavous". — Это помещено в параграфе "разное".
To hit the nail on the head. — ◊ Попасть в самую точку. /Попасть не в бровь, а в глаз.
Two heads are better than one. — ◊ Ум хорошо, а два лучше. /Одна голова хорошо, а две лучше.
To toss heads or tails. — ◊ Бросать жребий.
I cannot make head or tail of it. — ◊ Не могу ничего понять/разобрать.
- heads of chapters- document arranged under five heads
- under two colums head
- group the facts under three heads
- remark on this head
- speak on this head
- treat the subject under three main heads•USAGE: -
80 heat
I [hiːt] n1) жар, жара, жаркая погода, духота, знойYou shouldn't go out in this heat. — Вам не следует выходить в такую жару.
With this heat everybody is more or less upset. — При такой жаре всем немного не по себе.
- unbearable heat- burning heat
- stifling heat
- summer heat
- town heat
- body heat
- sultry heat
- excessive heat
- moderate heat
- moist heat
- damp heat
- steam heat
- fever heat
- feverish heat
- heat of summer
- degrees of heat
- wave of heat
- because of intence heat
- in the heat
- in such heat
- in the heat of the day
- in trying days of extreme heat
- be in for a wave of heat
- bear up heat
- escape the town heat
- keep off the heat
- keep the heat at 95 degrees
- preserve the body heat
- can't stand heat
- stand heat
- suffer from heat
- use solar heat for energy
- heat was stifling
- heat broke
- heat has set in
- heat is gone
- heat keeps2) тепло, жар, огонь, энергияThe heat of the furnace warmed the whole house. — Весь дом обогревался одной топкой.
We have no heat to day. — У нас сегодня не топят.
He enjoyed the heat of the fireplace. — Он наслаждался теплом камина.
Don't put your pan straight on to a high heat. — Не ставьте сковороду сразу на большой огонь.
She felt the stimulating heat of the fire. — Она чувствовала, как тепло костра придавало ей бодрости.
- steaming heatHis blood was at boiling heat. — У него кровь закипела.
- radiating heat
- latent heat
- specific heat
- red heat
- heat energy
- heat engine
- heat value
- heat capacity
- heat control
- heat exchange
- heat transfer
- heat treatment
- heat unit
- heat rate
- heat boiler
- heat insulation
- heat of the fire
- heat from the stove
- heat of burners
- heat from a nuclear blast
- in the heat of the argument
- bake the cake at a heat of 100 degrees
- generate an intense heat
- get into a heat by running
- maintain heat
- melt at a great heat
- put the kettle on a low heat
- raise the iron to a white heat
- resist heat
- treat smth with heat
- turn on the heat3) пыл, раздражение- at white heatThe heat of his spirit encouraged us. — Сила его духа придавала нам бодрости
- in the heat of the arguments
- in the heat of the debate
- argue with heat
- cool one's heat
- discuss smth with great heat
- get into a fearful state of heat
- speak with heat II [hiːt] v1) топить, отапливать- heat a building- heat well2) нагревать, подогреватьI can heat up some soup in two minutes, it's all ready. — Я могу подогреть суп за две минуты, он готов
См. также в других словарях:
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