-
61 वैकृत
vaikṛita
undergoing change, subject to modification Sāṃkhyak. KapS. ;
disfigured, deformed MBh. ;
not natural, perpetuated by adoption (as a family) Cat. ;
m. N. of the Ahaṃ-kāra orﾠ I-making faculty MBh. ;
of a demon causing a partic. disease Hariv. ;
n. (ifc. f. ā) change, modification, alteration, disfigurement, abnormal condition, changed state MBh. R. Suṡr. etc.;
an unnatural phenomenon, portent Ragh. VarBṛS. Rājat. ;
mental change, agitation MBh. R. etc.;
aversion, hatred, enmity, hostility MBh. Hariv. Kathās. Rājat. ;
- वैकृतरहस्य
- वैकृतवत्
- वैकृतविवर्त
- वैकृतसर्ग
-
62 संयाति
-
63 सम्पाति
-
64 सार्वभौमा
sārva-bhaumā́mfn. (fr. sarva-bhūmi) relating to orﾠ consisting of orﾠ ruling over the whole earth, comprising the whole world, known throughout the world ṠBr. etc. etc.;
relating to all conditions of the mind Yogas. Sch. ;
m. an emperor, universal monarch AitBr. etc. etc.;
N. of a son of Ahaṃ-yāti MBh. ;
of a son of Su-dharman Hariv. ;
of a son of Vidūratha Pur. ;
of various authors ( alsoﾠ with bhaṭṭâ̱cārya, andﾠ miṡra) Cat. ;
of the elephant of Kubera (regent of the north) R. Vās. ;
(am) n. sovereignty over the whole earth, universal empire BhP. ;
- gṛiha n. an imperial palace L. ;
- bhavana n. id., Ṡāntiṡ. ;
- vrata n. a partic. religious observance Cat. ;
-sarvasverāma-sû̱kta n. -siddhâ̱nta m. N. of wks.
-
65 सूक्ष्मशरीर
sūkshma-ṡarīra
n. pl. the six subtle principles from which the grosser elements are evolved (viz. Ahaṃ-kāra andﾠ the 5 Tan-mātras seeﾠ Mn. I, 17 ;
accord. toﾠ other systems « the 17 subtle principles of the 5 organs of sense, 5 organs of action, 5 elements, Buddhi andﾠ Manas») IW. 53 n. 2; 198 n. 3.
-
66 स्वयम्
svayámind. (prob. orig. a nom. of 1. sva, formed like aham) self, one's self (applicable to all persons e.g.. myself, thyself, himself etc.), of orﾠ by one's self spontaneously, voluntarily, of one's own accord ( alsoﾠ used emphatically with other pronouns <e.g.. ahaṉsvayaṉtatkṛitavān, « I myself did that» >;
sometimes alone <e.g.. svayaṉtatkṛitavān, « he himself did that» ;
svayaṉtatkurvanti, « they themselves do that» >;
connected in sense with a nom. <either the subject orﾠ predicate> orﾠ with instr. < when the subject> orﾠ with a gen., andﾠ sometimes with acc. orﾠ loc.;
often in comp.) RV. etc. etc.
- स्वयमगुरुत्व
- स्वयमधिगत
- स्वयमनुष्ठान
- स्वयमपोदित
- स्वयमभिगूर्त
- स्वयमर्जित
- स्वयमवदीर्ण
- स्वयमवपन्न
- स्वयमागत
- स्वयमातृन्ण
- स्वयमानीत
- स्वयमासनढौकन
- स्वयमाहृत
- स्वयमाहृत्यभोजिन्
- स्वयमिन्द्रियमोचन
- स्वयमीश्वर
- स्वयमीहितलब्ध
- स्वयमुक्ति
- स्वयमुज्ज्वल
- स्वयमुदित
- स्वयमुद्गीर्ण
- स्वयमुद्घाटित
- स्वयमुद्यत
- स्वयमुपस्थित
- स्वयमुपागत
- स्वयमुपेत
- स्वयम्पतित
- स्वयम्पाठ
- स्वयम्पाप
- स्वयम्प्रकाश
- स्वयम्प्रकाशमान
- स्वयम्प्रज्वलित
- स्वयम्प्रदीर्ण
- स्वयम्प्रभ
- स्वयम्प्रभु
- स्वयम्प्रसीर्ण
- स्वयम्प्रस्तुत
- स्वयम्प्रोक्त
- स्वयम्बोध
- स्वयम्भग्न
- स्वयम्भु
- स्वयम्भुव
- स्वयम्भू
- स्वयम्भूत
- स्वयम्भृत
- स्वयम्भोज
- स्वयम्भ्रमि
- स्वयम्भ्रमिन्
- स्वयम्मथित
- स्वयम्मुर्त
- स्वयम्मृत
- स्वयम्म्लान
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67 ह
ha1) the thirty-third andﾠ last consonant of the Nāgarī alphabet (in Pāṇini's system belonging to the guttural class, andﾠ usually pronounced like the English h in hard;
it is not an original letter, but is mostly derived from an older gh, rarely from dh orﾠ bh)
2) (only L.) m. a form of Ṡiva orﾠ Bhairava (cf. nakulî ̱ṡa);
water;
a cipher (i.e. the arithmetical figure which symbolizes o);
meditation, auspiciousness;
sky, heaven, paradise;
blood;
dying;
fear;
knowledge;
the moon;
Vishṇu;
war, battle;
horripilation;
a horse;
pride;
a physician;
cause, motive;
= pāpa-haraṇa;
= sakopa-vāraṇa;
= ṡushka;
( alsoﾠ ā f.) laughter;
(ā) f. coition;
a lute (am) n. the Supreme Spirit;
pleasure, delight;
a weapon;
the sparkling of a gem;
calling, calling to the sound of a lute;
(ind.) = aham (?), IndSt. ;
mfn. mad, drunk
3) ind. (prob. orig. identical with 2. gha, andﾠ used as a particle for emphasizing a preceding word, esp. if it begins a sentence closely connected with another;
very frequent in the Brāhmaṇas andﾠ Sūtras, andﾠ often translatable by) indeed, assuredly, verily, of course, then etc. (often with other particles e.g.. with tveva, u, sma, vai etc.;
naha, « not indeed» ;
alsoﾠ with interrogatives andﾠ relatives e.g.. yaddha, « when indeed» ;
kaddha, « what then?» sometimes with impf. orﾠ pf. <cf. Pāṇ. 3-2, 116 >;
in later language very commonly used as a mere expletive, esp. at the end of a verse) RV. etc. etc.
4) mf (ā)n. (fr. han) killing, destroying, removing (only ifc.;
seeﾠ arāti-, vṛitra-, ṡatruha etc.)
5) mf (ā)n. (fr. 3. hā) abandoning, deserting, avoiding (ifc.;
seeﾠ an-oka- andﾠ vāpī-ha);
(ā) f. abandonment, desertion L. ;
seeﾠ 4. ha
seeﾠ 5. ha
- हकार
- हत्व
-
68 áhata
1) небитый 2) нестиранный, новый ?Щ-Т cífta/í /i. день;Loc. red. ^^гА|^Пн каждый день; Nm. Acc. du. ЗЩ ī^īft день и ночь īT^rr ahám я; ţft S^T это я -
69 nâhaṃ
= na + ahaṃ -
70 mayhaṃ
родительно-дательный падеж от 'ahaṃ'мой, мне -
71 namāmyaham
namAmi+ahaM, bow+I -
72 tvahaṁ
tu + aham: emphasis + I -
73 vahamyahaṁ
vahāmi + ahaṁ: bear or carry + I -
74 gu₂ šub
-
75 A
1.A, a, indecl. n. (sometimes joined with littera), the first letter of the Latin alphabet, corresponding to the a, a of the other Indo-. European languages:II.A primum est: hinc incipiam, et quae nomina ab hoc sunt, Lucil. ap. Terent. Scaur. p. 2255 P.: sus rostro si humi A litteram impresserit,
Cic. Div. 1, 13, 23:ne in A quidem atque S litteras exire temere masculina Graeca nomina recto casu patiebantur,
Quint. 1, 5, 61.The sound of the A is short or long in every part of the word; as, ăb, păter, ită; ā, māter, frustrā. During a short period (between about 620 and 670 A. U. C. = from 134 to 84 B.C.) long a was written aa, probably first by the poet L. Attius, in the manner of the Oscan language; so we find in Latin inscriptions: AA. CETEREIS (i.e.a ceteris), CALAASI, FAATO, HAACE, MAARCIVM, PAAPVS, PAASTORES, VAARVS; and in Greek writing, MAAPKOPs PsIOS MAAPKEAAOS, KOINTON MAAPKION (like Osc. aasas = Lat. āra, Osc. Paapi = Lat. Pāpius, Osc. Paakul = Lat. Pāculus, Pācullus, Pācuvius, etc.), v. Ritschl, Monum. Epigr. p. 28 sq., and cf. Mommsen, Unterital. Dialekte, p. 210 sq. (The Umbrian language has gone a step farther, and written long a by aha, as Aharna, Naharcom, trahaf, etc.; cf. Aufrecht and Kirchhoff, Umbrische Sprachdenkm. p. 76 sq.) Vid. also the letters E and U.III.In etymological and grammatical formation of words, short a very often (sometimes also long a) is changed into other vowels.A.Short a is changed,1., into long a —a.In consequence of the suppression of the following consonants at the end or in the middle of the word: ŭb, ā; vădis, vūs; ăg-, ăg-men, exāmen; tăg-, contūmino; căd-, cāsus. Hence also in the abl. sing. of the first decl., and in the particles derived from it. in consequence of the suppression of the original ablat. end. - d: PRAEDAD (Col. Rostr.), praedā; SENTENTIAD (S. C. de Bacch.), sententiā; EXTBAD (ib.), extrā; SVPRAD (ib.), suprā. —Hence,b.In perfect forms: scăb-o, scābi; căveo, cūvi; făv-eo, fāvi; păv-eo, pāvi (for scăbui, căvui, făvui, păvui).c.In other forms: ăgo, ambūges; păc-, păc-iscor, pâcis (pâx); săg-ax, sūgus, sāga; măc-er, mâcero; făg- (phagein), fūgus. (Contrary to analogy, ă remains short in dănunt, from dă-in-unt, V. Ritschl, l.l.p. 17.)2.Short a is changed into é or ē—a.Into é.(α).Most frequently in the second part of compounds, particularly before two consonants: facio, confectus; jacio, conjectus; rapio, dereptus; dăm-, damno, condemno; fāl-, fallo, fefelli; măn-, mando, commendo; scando, ascendo; ăp-, aptus, ineptus; ăr-, ars, iners, sollers; ăn-, annus, perennis; căpio, auceps; căput, triceps; ăgo, remex; jăcio, objex. And thus in Plautus, according to the best MSS., dispenno, dispessus from pando, compectus from compăciscor, anteceptus from capio (on the other hand, in Vergil, according to the best MS., aspurgo, attractare, deiractare, kept their a unchanged).(β).Sometimes ă is changed into ĕ also before one consonant (but in this case it is usually changed into ĭ; v. infra, 3. a. a.): grădior, ingrĕdior; pătior, perpĕtior; părio, repĕrio; păro, vitupĕro; ăp-, coepi (i. e. co-ŭpi); căno, tubicĕn, tibicĕn; in the reduplicated carcĕr (from carcar) farfŏrus (written also farfārus); and so, according to the better MSS., aequipĕro from păro, and defĕtigo from fătigo.(γ).In words taken from the Greek: talanton, talŏntum; phalara, phalŏrae; sisaron, sisŏr (but, according to the best MSS., cumŭra from kamara, not camŏra).b.Short a is changed to ē in some perfect forms: ăgo, ēgi; fūcio, féci; jăci, jĕci; frag-, frango, frēgi; căpio, cēpi, and păg-, pango, pēgi (together with pepĭgi and panxi, v. pango).3.Short a is changed to ĭ, a (most frequently in the second part of compounds)(α).before one consonant: ăgo, abĭgo; făcio, confĭcio; cădo, concĭdo; sălio, assĭlio; răpio, abrĭpio; păter, Juppĭter (in Umbrian lang. unchanged, Jupater), Marspĭter; Diespĭter, Opĭter; rătus, irrĭtus; ămicus, inìmicus (but ŭ remains unchanged in adŭmo, impătiens, and in some compounds of a later period of Roman literature, as praejacio, calefacio, etc.). —(β).Sometimes also before two consonants (where it is usually changed into ĕ; v. supra, 2. a. b.): tăg-, tango, contingo; păg-, pango, compingo (unchanged in some compounds, as peragro, desacro, depango, obcanto, etc.).b.ă is changed into ĭ in the reduplicated perfect forms: cădo, cecĭdi; căno, cecĭni; tăg-, tango, tetĭgi; păg-, pango, pepĭgi.c. d.In words taken from the Greek: mêchanê, machĭna; patanê, patĭna; bukanê, bucĭna; trutanê, trutĭna; balaneion, balĭneum; Katana, Catĭna (written also Catana); Akragas, Agrĭgentum.4. a.Into ŏ: scăbo, scobs; păr, pars, portio; dăm-, dŏmo; Fabii, Fŏvii (v. Paul. ex Fest. p. 87); marmaron, marmŏr; Mars, redupl. Marmar, Marmor (Carm. Fratr. Arv.).b.Into ō: dă-, dōnum, dōs; ăc-, ăcuo, ōcior (v. this art.).5.Short a is changed into ŭ —a.In the second part of compounds, particularly before l, p, and b: calco, inculco; salsus, insulsus; salto, exsulto; capio, occŭpo; răpio, surrupio and surruptus (also written surripio and surreptus); tăberna, contŭbernium; —before other consonants: quătio, conoŭtio; as, decussis; Mars, Mamŭrius, Mamŭralia; and once also condumnari (Tab. Bant. lin. 8, immediately followed by condemnatus, v. Klenze, Philol. Abhandl. tab. I., and Mommsen, Unterital. Dial. p. 149).b.In words of Greek origin: Hekabê, Hecŭba; skutalê, scutŭla; kraipalê, crapŭla; passalos, pessŭlus; aphlaston, aplustre; thriambos, triumphus.c.ă is perhaps changed into ŭ in ulciscor, compared with alc-, ulexô (arc-, arceo).B. 1. 2.Into ō: gnā-, gnārus, ignārus, ignōro. (But in general long a remains unchanged in composition: lābor, delūbor; gnàvus, ignūnus; fàma, infūmis.)IV.Contrary to the mode of changing Greek a into Latin e, i, o, u (v. supra), Latin a has sometimes taken the place of other Greek vowels in words borrowed from the Greek, as: lonchê, lancea; kulix, călix; Ganumêoês, Caiāmitus.V.The repugnance of the Latin Language to the Greek combined vowels ao has caused the translocation of them in Alumento for Daomeoôn (Paul. ex Fest. p. 18 Müll.).— Greek a is suppressed in Hercules from Hêraklês (probably in consequence of the inserted u; in late Latin we find Heracla and Heracula, cf. Ritschl, in Rhein. Mus. Neue Folge, vol. 12, p. 108).VI.Latin ă was early combined with the vowels i and u, forming the diphthongs ai and au; by changing the i into e, the diphthong ai soon became ae. So we find in the oldest inscriptions: AIDE, AIDLLIS, AIQVOM, GNAIVOD, HAICE, DVELONAI, TABELAI, DATAI, etc., which soon gave place to aedem, aedilis, aequom, Gnaeo, haec, Bellonae, tabellae, datae, etc. (the Col. Rostr. has PRAESENTE, PRAEDAD, and the S. C. de Bacch. AEDEM. The triphthong aei, found in CONQVAEISIVEI (?), is very rare; Miliar. Popil. lin. 11, v. Ritschl, l. l. p. 21). In some poets the old gen. sing. of the first decl. (- ai) is preserved, but is dissyllabic, āī. So in Ennius: Albūī Longūī, terrūī frugiferāī, frondosāī, lunāī, viāī; in Vergil: aulāī, aurāī, aquāī, pictāī; in Ausonius: herāī.B.ue as well as au are changed into other vowels.1.The sound of ae, e, and oe being very similar, these vowels are often interchanged in the best MSS., So we find caerimonia and cerimonia, caepa and cēpa, saeoulum and séculum; scaena and scēna; caelum and coelum, haedus and hoedus, macstus and moestus; cena, coena, and caena, etc.2.In composition and reduplications ae becomes í: aequus, iníquus; quaero, inquíro; laedo, illído; taedet, pertisum (noticed by Cic.); aestumo, exístumo; cuedo, cecídi, concído, homicida.3. 4.The diphthong au is often changed to ó and ú (the latter particularly in compounds): caudex, códex; Claudius, Clodius; lautus, lotus; plaustrum, plōstrum; plaudo, plōdo, explōdo; paululum, pōlulum; faux, suffōco; si audes (acc. to Cic. or acc. to others, si audies), sódes, etc.; claudo, inclūdo; causa, accūso. Hence in some words a regular gradation of au, o, u is found: claudo, clōdicare, clúdo; raudus, ródus, rúdus; caupo, cópa, cūpa; naugae, nōgae (both forms in the MSS. of Plautus), nūgae; fraustra, frode, frude (in MSS. of Vergil); cf. Ritschl, in Wintercatalog 1854-55, and O. Ribbeck, in Jahn's Neue Jahrb. vol. 77, p. 181 sq.—The change of au into oē and ō appears only in audio, (oboedio) obēdio.5.Au sometimes takes the place of av-: faveo, fautum, favitor, fautor; navis, navita, nauta; avis, auceps, auspex. So Latin aut corresponds to Sanscr. avo. (whence - vā, Lat. - ve), Osc. avti, Umbr. ute, ote; and so the Lat. preposition ab, through av, becomes au in the words aufero and aufugio (prop. av-fero, av-fugio, for ab-fero, ab-fugio). Vid. the art. ab init.VII.In primitive roots, which have their kindred forms in the sister-languages of the Latin, the original a, still found in the Sanscrit, is in Latin either preserved or more frequently changed into other vowels.A.Original a preserved: Sanscr. mātri, Lat. màter; S. bhrātri, L. fràter; S. nāsā, L. nàsus and nàris; S. ap, L. aqua; S. apa, L. ab; S. nāma, L. năm; S. ćatur, [p. 2] L. quattuor (in Greek changed: thettares); S. capūla, L. căput (in Greek changed: kephalê, etc.).B.Original a is changed into other Latin vowels—1.Into e: S. ad, L. ed (ĕdo); S. as, L. es (esse); S. pat, L. pet (peto); S. pād, L. pĕd (pès); S. dant, L. dent (dens); S. ǵan, L. gen (gigno); S. mā, L. mè-tior; S. saptan, L. septem; S. daśan, L. decem; S. śata, L. centum; S. aham, L. ŏgo; S. pāra, L. per; S. paśu, L. pŏcus; S. asva, L. ŏquus, etc.2.Into i: S. an-, a- (neg. part.), L. in-: S. ana (prep.), L. in; S. antar, L. inter; S. sama, L. similis; S. agni, L. ignis; S. abhra, L. imber; S. panéa, L. quinque, etc.3.Into o: S. avi, L. ŏvi (ovis); S. vać, L. vōc (voco); S. pra, L. pro; S. pā, L. po (pŏtum); S. nāma, L. nōmen; S. api, L. ŏb; S. navan, L. nŏvem; S. nava, L. nŏvus, etc.4.Into u: S. marmara, L. murmur.5. 6.Into different vowels in the different derivatives: S. mā, L. mê-tior, mŏdus; S. praó, L. prŏcor, prŏcus; S. vah, L. vĕho, via.C.Sometimes the Latin has preserved the original a, while even the Sanscrit has changed it: Lat. pa-, pater, Sanscr. pd, pitri.2.As an abbreviation A. usually denotes the praenomen Aulus; A. A. = Auli duo, Inscr. Orell. 1530 (but A. A. = Aquae Aponi, the modern Abano, ib. 1643 sq.; 2620; 3011). The three directors of the mint were designated by III. VIRI A. A. A. F. F. (i. e. auro, argento, aeri flando, feriundo), ib. 569; 2242; 2379; 3134 al.;3.so also A. A. A.,
ib. 3441 (cf. Cic. Fam. 7, 13 fin., and v. the art. Triumviri); A. D. A. agris dandis adsignandis, and A. I. A. agris judicandis adsignandis; A. O. amico optimo; A. P. a populo or aediliciae potestatis; A. P. R. aerario populi Romani. —Upon the voting tablets in judicial trials A. denoted absoluo; hence A. is called littera salutaris, Cic. Mil. 6, 15; v. littera. In the Roman Comitia A. (= antiquo) denoted the rejection of the point in question; v. antiquo. In Cicero's Tusculan Disputations the A. designated one of the disputants = adulescens or auditor, opp. to M. for magister or Marcus (Cicero); but it is to be remarked that the letters A and M do not occur in the best MSS. of this treatise; cf. edd. ad Cic. Tusc. 1, 5, 9.—In dates A. D. = ante diem; v. ante; A. U. C. = anno urbis conditae; A. P. R. C. anno post Romam conditam.a, prep.=ab, v. ab.4.ā, interj.=ah, v. ah. -
76 a
1.A, a, indecl. n. (sometimes joined with littera), the first letter of the Latin alphabet, corresponding to the a, a of the other Indo-. European languages:II.A primum est: hinc incipiam, et quae nomina ab hoc sunt, Lucil. ap. Terent. Scaur. p. 2255 P.: sus rostro si humi A litteram impresserit,
Cic. Div. 1, 13, 23:ne in A quidem atque S litteras exire temere masculina Graeca nomina recto casu patiebantur,
Quint. 1, 5, 61.The sound of the A is short or long in every part of the word; as, ăb, păter, ită; ā, māter, frustrā. During a short period (between about 620 and 670 A. U. C. = from 134 to 84 B.C.) long a was written aa, probably first by the poet L. Attius, in the manner of the Oscan language; so we find in Latin inscriptions: AA. CETEREIS (i.e.a ceteris), CALAASI, FAATO, HAACE, MAARCIVM, PAAPVS, PAASTORES, VAARVS; and in Greek writing, MAAPKOPs PsIOS MAAPKEAAOS, KOINTON MAAPKION (like Osc. aasas = Lat. āra, Osc. Paapi = Lat. Pāpius, Osc. Paakul = Lat. Pāculus, Pācullus, Pācuvius, etc.), v. Ritschl, Monum. Epigr. p. 28 sq., and cf. Mommsen, Unterital. Dialekte, p. 210 sq. (The Umbrian language has gone a step farther, and written long a by aha, as Aharna, Naharcom, trahaf, etc.; cf. Aufrecht and Kirchhoff, Umbrische Sprachdenkm. p. 76 sq.) Vid. also the letters E and U.III.In etymological and grammatical formation of words, short a very often (sometimes also long a) is changed into other vowels.A.Short a is changed,1., into long a —a.In consequence of the suppression of the following consonants at the end or in the middle of the word: ŭb, ā; vădis, vūs; ăg-, ăg-men, exāmen; tăg-, contūmino; căd-, cāsus. Hence also in the abl. sing. of the first decl., and in the particles derived from it. in consequence of the suppression of the original ablat. end. - d: PRAEDAD (Col. Rostr.), praedā; SENTENTIAD (S. C. de Bacch.), sententiā; EXTBAD (ib.), extrā; SVPRAD (ib.), suprā. —Hence,b.In perfect forms: scăb-o, scābi; căveo, cūvi; făv-eo, fāvi; păv-eo, pāvi (for scăbui, căvui, făvui, păvui).c.In other forms: ăgo, ambūges; păc-, păc-iscor, pâcis (pâx); săg-ax, sūgus, sāga; măc-er, mâcero; făg- (phagein), fūgus. (Contrary to analogy, ă remains short in dănunt, from dă-in-unt, V. Ritschl, l.l.p. 17.)2.Short a is changed into é or ē—a.Into é.(α).Most frequently in the second part of compounds, particularly before two consonants: facio, confectus; jacio, conjectus; rapio, dereptus; dăm-, damno, condemno; fāl-, fallo, fefelli; măn-, mando, commendo; scando, ascendo; ăp-, aptus, ineptus; ăr-, ars, iners, sollers; ăn-, annus, perennis; căpio, auceps; căput, triceps; ăgo, remex; jăcio, objex. And thus in Plautus, according to the best MSS., dispenno, dispessus from pando, compectus from compăciscor, anteceptus from capio (on the other hand, in Vergil, according to the best MS., aspurgo, attractare, deiractare, kept their a unchanged).(β).Sometimes ă is changed into ĕ also before one consonant (but in this case it is usually changed into ĭ; v. infra, 3. a. a.): grădior, ingrĕdior; pătior, perpĕtior; părio, repĕrio; păro, vitupĕro; ăp-, coepi (i. e. co-ŭpi); căno, tubicĕn, tibicĕn; in the reduplicated carcĕr (from carcar) farfŏrus (written also farfārus); and so, according to the better MSS., aequipĕro from păro, and defĕtigo from fătigo.(γ).In words taken from the Greek: talanton, talŏntum; phalara, phalŏrae; sisaron, sisŏr (but, according to the best MSS., cumŭra from kamara, not camŏra).b.Short a is changed to ē in some perfect forms: ăgo, ēgi; fūcio, féci; jăci, jĕci; frag-, frango, frēgi; căpio, cēpi, and păg-, pango, pēgi (together with pepĭgi and panxi, v. pango).3.Short a is changed to ĭ, a (most frequently in the second part of compounds)(α).before one consonant: ăgo, abĭgo; făcio, confĭcio; cădo, concĭdo; sălio, assĭlio; răpio, abrĭpio; păter, Juppĭter (in Umbrian lang. unchanged, Jupater), Marspĭter; Diespĭter, Opĭter; rătus, irrĭtus; ămicus, inìmicus (but ŭ remains unchanged in adŭmo, impătiens, and in some compounds of a later period of Roman literature, as praejacio, calefacio, etc.). —(β).Sometimes also before two consonants (where it is usually changed into ĕ; v. supra, 2. a. b.): tăg-, tango, contingo; păg-, pango, compingo (unchanged in some compounds, as peragro, desacro, depango, obcanto, etc.).b.ă is changed into ĭ in the reduplicated perfect forms: cădo, cecĭdi; căno, cecĭni; tăg-, tango, tetĭgi; păg-, pango, pepĭgi.c. d.In words taken from the Greek: mêchanê, machĭna; patanê, patĭna; bukanê, bucĭna; trutanê, trutĭna; balaneion, balĭneum; Katana, Catĭna (written also Catana); Akragas, Agrĭgentum.4. a.Into ŏ: scăbo, scobs; păr, pars, portio; dăm-, dŏmo; Fabii, Fŏvii (v. Paul. ex Fest. p. 87); marmaron, marmŏr; Mars, redupl. Marmar, Marmor (Carm. Fratr. Arv.).b.Into ō: dă-, dōnum, dōs; ăc-, ăcuo, ōcior (v. this art.).5.Short a is changed into ŭ —a.In the second part of compounds, particularly before l, p, and b: calco, inculco; salsus, insulsus; salto, exsulto; capio, occŭpo; răpio, surrupio and surruptus (also written surripio and surreptus); tăberna, contŭbernium; —before other consonants: quătio, conoŭtio; as, decussis; Mars, Mamŭrius, Mamŭralia; and once also condumnari (Tab. Bant. lin. 8, immediately followed by condemnatus, v. Klenze, Philol. Abhandl. tab. I., and Mommsen, Unterital. Dial. p. 149).b.In words of Greek origin: Hekabê, Hecŭba; skutalê, scutŭla; kraipalê, crapŭla; passalos, pessŭlus; aphlaston, aplustre; thriambos, triumphus.c.ă is perhaps changed into ŭ in ulciscor, compared with alc-, ulexô (arc-, arceo).B. 1. 2.Into ō: gnā-, gnārus, ignārus, ignōro. (But in general long a remains unchanged in composition: lābor, delūbor; gnàvus, ignūnus; fàma, infūmis.)IV.Contrary to the mode of changing Greek a into Latin e, i, o, u (v. supra), Latin a has sometimes taken the place of other Greek vowels in words borrowed from the Greek, as: lonchê, lancea; kulix, călix; Ganumêoês, Caiāmitus.V.The repugnance of the Latin Language to the Greek combined vowels ao has caused the translocation of them in Alumento for Daomeoôn (Paul. ex Fest. p. 18 Müll.).— Greek a is suppressed in Hercules from Hêraklês (probably in consequence of the inserted u; in late Latin we find Heracla and Heracula, cf. Ritschl, in Rhein. Mus. Neue Folge, vol. 12, p. 108).VI.Latin ă was early combined with the vowels i and u, forming the diphthongs ai and au; by changing the i into e, the diphthong ai soon became ae. So we find in the oldest inscriptions: AIDE, AIDLLIS, AIQVOM, GNAIVOD, HAICE, DVELONAI, TABELAI, DATAI, etc., which soon gave place to aedem, aedilis, aequom, Gnaeo, haec, Bellonae, tabellae, datae, etc. (the Col. Rostr. has PRAESENTE, PRAEDAD, and the S. C. de Bacch. AEDEM. The triphthong aei, found in CONQVAEISIVEI (?), is very rare; Miliar. Popil. lin. 11, v. Ritschl, l. l. p. 21). In some poets the old gen. sing. of the first decl. (- ai) is preserved, but is dissyllabic, āī. So in Ennius: Albūī Longūī, terrūī frugiferāī, frondosāī, lunāī, viāī; in Vergil: aulāī, aurāī, aquāī, pictāī; in Ausonius: herāī.B.ue as well as au are changed into other vowels.1.The sound of ae, e, and oe being very similar, these vowels are often interchanged in the best MSS., So we find caerimonia and cerimonia, caepa and cēpa, saeoulum and séculum; scaena and scēna; caelum and coelum, haedus and hoedus, macstus and moestus; cena, coena, and caena, etc.2.In composition and reduplications ae becomes í: aequus, iníquus; quaero, inquíro; laedo, illído; taedet, pertisum (noticed by Cic.); aestumo, exístumo; cuedo, cecídi, concído, homicida.3. 4.The diphthong au is often changed to ó and ú (the latter particularly in compounds): caudex, códex; Claudius, Clodius; lautus, lotus; plaustrum, plōstrum; plaudo, plōdo, explōdo; paululum, pōlulum; faux, suffōco; si audes (acc. to Cic. or acc. to others, si audies), sódes, etc.; claudo, inclūdo; causa, accūso. Hence in some words a regular gradation of au, o, u is found: claudo, clōdicare, clúdo; raudus, ródus, rúdus; caupo, cópa, cūpa; naugae, nōgae (both forms in the MSS. of Plautus), nūgae; fraustra, frode, frude (in MSS. of Vergil); cf. Ritschl, in Wintercatalog 1854-55, and O. Ribbeck, in Jahn's Neue Jahrb. vol. 77, p. 181 sq.—The change of au into oē and ō appears only in audio, (oboedio) obēdio.5.Au sometimes takes the place of av-: faveo, fautum, favitor, fautor; navis, navita, nauta; avis, auceps, auspex. So Latin aut corresponds to Sanscr. avo. (whence - vā, Lat. - ve), Osc. avti, Umbr. ute, ote; and so the Lat. preposition ab, through av, becomes au in the words aufero and aufugio (prop. av-fero, av-fugio, for ab-fero, ab-fugio). Vid. the art. ab init.VII.In primitive roots, which have their kindred forms in the sister-languages of the Latin, the original a, still found in the Sanscrit, is in Latin either preserved or more frequently changed into other vowels.A.Original a preserved: Sanscr. mātri, Lat. màter; S. bhrātri, L. fràter; S. nāsā, L. nàsus and nàris; S. ap, L. aqua; S. apa, L. ab; S. nāma, L. năm; S. ćatur, [p. 2] L. quattuor (in Greek changed: thettares); S. capūla, L. căput (in Greek changed: kephalê, etc.).B.Original a is changed into other Latin vowels—1.Into e: S. ad, L. ed (ĕdo); S. as, L. es (esse); S. pat, L. pet (peto); S. pād, L. pĕd (pès); S. dant, L. dent (dens); S. ǵan, L. gen (gigno); S. mā, L. mè-tior; S. saptan, L. septem; S. daśan, L. decem; S. śata, L. centum; S. aham, L. ŏgo; S. pāra, L. per; S. paśu, L. pŏcus; S. asva, L. ŏquus, etc.2.Into i: S. an-, a- (neg. part.), L. in-: S. ana (prep.), L. in; S. antar, L. inter; S. sama, L. similis; S. agni, L. ignis; S. abhra, L. imber; S. panéa, L. quinque, etc.3.Into o: S. avi, L. ŏvi (ovis); S. vać, L. vōc (voco); S. pra, L. pro; S. pā, L. po (pŏtum); S. nāma, L. nōmen; S. api, L. ŏb; S. navan, L. nŏvem; S. nava, L. nŏvus, etc.4.Into u: S. marmara, L. murmur.5. 6.Into different vowels in the different derivatives: S. mā, L. mê-tior, mŏdus; S. praó, L. prŏcor, prŏcus; S. vah, L. vĕho, via.C.Sometimes the Latin has preserved the original a, while even the Sanscrit has changed it: Lat. pa-, pater, Sanscr. pd, pitri.2.As an abbreviation A. usually denotes the praenomen Aulus; A. A. = Auli duo, Inscr. Orell. 1530 (but A. A. = Aquae Aponi, the modern Abano, ib. 1643 sq.; 2620; 3011). The three directors of the mint were designated by III. VIRI A. A. A. F. F. (i. e. auro, argento, aeri flando, feriundo), ib. 569; 2242; 2379; 3134 al.;3.so also A. A. A.,
ib. 3441 (cf. Cic. Fam. 7, 13 fin., and v. the art. Triumviri); A. D. A. agris dandis adsignandis, and A. I. A. agris judicandis adsignandis; A. O. amico optimo; A. P. a populo or aediliciae potestatis; A. P. R. aerario populi Romani. —Upon the voting tablets in judicial trials A. denoted absoluo; hence A. is called littera salutaris, Cic. Mil. 6, 15; v. littera. In the Roman Comitia A. (= antiquo) denoted the rejection of the point in question; v. antiquo. In Cicero's Tusculan Disputations the A. designated one of the disputants = adulescens or auditor, opp. to M. for magister or Marcus (Cicero); but it is to be remarked that the letters A and M do not occur in the best MSS. of this treatise; cf. edd. ad Cic. Tusc. 1, 5, 9.—In dates A. D. = ante diem; v. ante; A. U. C. = anno urbis conditae; A. P. R. C. anno post Romam conditam.a, prep.=ab, v. ab.4.ā, interj.=ah, v. ah. -
77 ego
ĕgō̆ (ŏ always in poets of the best age, as Cat., Verg., Hor., etc.; ō ante-class. and post-Aug., as Juv. 17, 357; Aus. Epigr. 54, 6, v. Corss. Ausspr. 2, 483; gen. mei; dat. mihi; acc. and abl. me; plur., nom., and acc. nos; gen., mostly poet., nostrum; gen. obj. nostri, rarely nostrum; for the gen. possess. the adj. noster was used, q. v.; cf. Roby, Gram. 1, § 388; dat. and abl. nobis; mi in dat. for mihi, part., Varr. R. R. 2, 5; Lucr. 3, 106; Verg. A. 6, 104;I.in prose,
Cic. Fam. 7, 24, 2; id. Att. 1, 8, 3 et saep.; old form also MIHEI, C. I. L. 1, 1016 al.; v. Neue, Formenl. 2, 180; old form of the acc. MEHE, acc. to Quint. 1, 5, 21 med.; Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 45; id. Am. 1, 1, 244; Inscr. Orell. 2497; gen. plur. nostrorum, Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 110; id. Poen. 3, 1, 37; 4, 2, 39; id. Am. Fragm. ap. Non. 285, 26; dat. and abl. NIS = nobis, acc. to Fest. S. V. CALLIM, p. 47, 3 Müll.; acc. ENOS, Carm. Arval., Wordsworth, Fragm. and Spec. p. 160.—But as to me = mihi, cited in Fest. p. 181, 6 sq. Müll., me is there not dat., but acc., v. Vahl. ad Enn. p. 21), pron. pers. [Gr. egô; Sanscr. aham; Goth. ik; Germ. ich; Engl. I, etc.; plur. nos; Gr. nôï, nôïn, from same stem with acc. sing. me, Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 533], I.Prop.:II.meruimus et ego et pater de vobis,
Plaut. Am. prol. 40:tum te audes Sosiam esse dicere, Qui ego sum?
id. ib. 1, 1, 218; cf.:ego tu sum, tu es ego: unanimi sumus,
id. Sticn. 5, 4, 49; the combination alter ego v. under alter.—Emphasized.A.By the suffixes met and pte: Am. Quis te verberavit? So. Egomet memet, Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 60:B.credebam primo mihimet Sosiae,
id. ib. 2, 1, 50:quasi per nebulam nosmet scimus,
id. Ps. 1, 5, 48:med erga,
id. Capt. 2, 3, 56:cariorem esse patriam nobis quam nosmetipsos,
Cic. Fin. 3, 19 fin. et saep.: mihipte, Cato ap. Fest. p. 103:mepte fieri servom,
Plaut. Men. 5, 8, 10.—By repetition:III.meme ad graviora reservat,
Sil. 9, 651 (but Verg. A. 9, 427, is written me, me); cf.: met and pte.—Esp. to be noted are,1.Mihi and nobis as dativi ethici (Zumpt Gr. § 408;2.A. and S. Gr. § 228 N.): quid enim mihi L. Pauli nepos quaerit,
Cic. Rep. 1, 19; cf. id. Par. 5, 2; Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 15; and in the plur.:quid ait tandem nobis Sannio?
Ter. Ad. 2, 4, 12:sit mihi (orator) tinctus litteris, etc.,
Cic. de Or. 2, 20, 85; cf. Liv. praef. § 9; 2, 29 fin.; Quint. 1, 11, 14; 2, 4, 9; 12, 2, 31; Verg. G. 1, 45; Sil. 1, 46 Drak.; and in the plur.:nobis jam paulatim accrescere puer incipiat,
Quint. 1, 2, 1:hic mihi Q. Fufius pacis commoda memorat,
Cic. Phil. 8, 4; cf. Sall. C. 52, 11 Kritz; Cat. 24, 4:tu mihi seu magni superas jam saxa Timavi, etc.,
Verg. E. 8, 6 et saep.—Mecum, nobiscum (v. cum, II. fin.).—3.Ad me veni, i. e. ad meam domum, Cic. Att. 16, 10, v. ad, A. 2. a.(β).. —4.Nos, etc., for ego, etc., in grave or official lang., etc.:nobis consulibus,
Cic. Cat. 3, 8, 18; id. Fam. 1, 7, 4; cf. Verg. E. 1, 4; so with sing. constr.:nec merito nobis inimica merenti,
Tib. 3, 6, 55; cf. Cat. 107, 5:absente nobis,
Ter. Eun. 4, 3, 7; Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 204. -
78 ἐγώ
ἐγώ, I: Pron. of the first person:—[dialect] Ep. mostly [full] ἐγών before vowels (so in [dialect] Dor., before consonants, Epich.85, Sophr.81, Ar.Ach. 748, 754), rarely in Trag., A.Pers. 932 (lyr.); [dialect] Boeot. [full] ἱών A.D.Pron.51.4:— strengthd. [full] ἔγωγε,A I at least, for my part, indeed, for myself (more freq. in [dialect] Att. than in Hom.): [dialect] Dor. [full] ἐγώνγα Alcm.51, Ar.Ach. 736, Lys. 986, dat.ἐμίνγα IG22.1126.7
(Amphict. Delph.): [dialect] Boeot. [full] ἱώνγα Corinn.21; [full] ἱώνει Ead.10; [full] ἰώγα Ar.Ach. 898: [dialect] Lacon. and [dialect] Tarent. [full] ἐγώνη, Hsch., A.D.Conj.255.29.II oblique cases from a difft. root, gen. ἐμοῦ, enclit. μου; [dialect] Ion. and [dialect] Ep. ἐμέο, ἐμεῦ, μευ, alsoἐμέθεν Il.1.525
, E.Hel. 177 (lyr.); [dialect] Aeol.ἔμεθεν Sapph.Supp.23.7
;ἐμεῖο IG3.1337
;μεθέν Sophr.20
; [dialect] Dor. ἐμέος, ἐμεῦς, Epich.144; [dialect] Boeot.ἐμοῦς Corinn.37
; alsoἐμῶς, ἐμίο, ἐμίω, ἐμίως A.D.Pron.74.17
:—dat. ἐμοί, enclit. μοι (which may be compared with Skt. gen. me inκλῦθί μοι Il.5.115
, al.); (Cypr.); [dialect] Dor.ἐμίν Epich.99
, AJA29.461 (Rhodian, v B. C.), Ar.Ach. 733, Theoc.4.30; [dialect] Tarent.ἐμίνη Rhinth.13
: acc. ἐμέ, enclit. με; Cypr. μι Inscr.Cypr.59,60 H.III dual, nom. and acc., [full] νῶι, we two, Il.5.34, etc.; acc. νῶιν Zenod.ad Il.8.377; [dialect] Att.νώ Pl.Phdr. 278b
(also Il.5.219, Od.15.475);νῶε Antim.39
, Corinn. 5: gen., dat.νῶιν; νῷν S.Ant.3
; νῶι dat., Orph.L. 773; νῶιν, = ἡμῖν, Q.S.1.213, etc.IV pl., nom. ἡμεῖς ( ἡμέες f.l. in Hdt.2.6, al., rejected by A.D.Pron.93.1); [dialect] Aeol.ἄμμες Od.9.303
, Alc.18.3, Pi.P. 4.144; [dialect] Dor.ἁμές Alcm.65
, Epich.42, Ar.Lys. 168:—gen. ἡμῶν (alsoἥμων A.D.Synt.130.23
); [dialect] Ion.ἡμέων Hdt.1.112
, etc.;ἡμείων Od.24.170
, Herod.1.46; [dialect] Aeol.ἀμμέων Alc.88
, Milet.3 No.152.29; ἄμμων ib.74, A.D.Pron.95.3; [dialect] Dor.ἁμέων Alcm.66
; ἁμῶν [Epich.] 266, Ar. Lys. 168, Theoc.2.158; Cret., [dialect] Boeot. , A.D.Pron.95.21:—dat. ἡμῖν, in S. also ἡμίν ([etym.] ῐ ) (or ἧμιν Aristarch.ad Il.1.214, A.D. Pron.95.3); also rarely in Com., Phryn.Com.37, Ar.Av. 386 (dub.); [dialect] Aeol. ἄμμῐν, ἄμμῐ, Il.1.384, Alc.80, al., Pi.P.4.155, A.Th. 156 (lyr.), Milet.3 No.152;ἄμμεσιν Alc.100
; [dialect] Dor. also ἁμίν or ἇμιν, Alcm.77,78, A.Eu. 347 (lyr.), Ar.Lys. 1081; with [pron. full] ῑ, Id.Ach. 821, Theoc.7.145:—acc. ἡμᾶς (alsoἧμᾰς Od.16.372
); [dialect] Ion.ἡμέας Il.8.211
, SIG273.25 (Milet., iv B. C.);ἥμεας Od.4.294
(cf. Hdn.Gr.2.140); [dialect] Aeol.ἄμμε Il.1.59
, Sapph.115, Theocr.8.25; [dialect] Dor. (Abu Simbel, vi B. C.), Epich.173, Ar.Ach. 759 codd., Lys.95.—On these dialectic varieties, v. A.D.Pron.50 sqq. (Cf. Skt. ahám ([etym.] ἐγών), acc. pl. asmā´n; for νώ cf. Skt. nau):—freq. in answers, as an affirmative, esp. in form ἔγωγε, S.Tr. 1248, Pl.Tht. 149b, etc.; οὗτος ἐ. here am I, Pi.O. 4.26;ὅδ' ἐκεῖνος ἐ. S.OC 138
(lyr.); rarely with Art., τὸν ἐμέ myself, Pl.Tht. 166a, Sph. 239b (but ὁ ἐ. the Self, the Ego, Dam.Pr. 444); τίς ὢν οὗτος ὁ ἐγὼ τυγχάνω; Plu.2.1119a;τί ἐστι φίλος; ἄλλος ἐ. Pythag.
ap.Herm.in Phdr.p.166 A.; τί τοῦτ' ἐμοί; ἡμῖν τί τοῦτ' ἔστ'; Lat. quid mea hoc refert ? Ar.Th. 498, etc.; ἐγώ; in a question, Ar.Eq. 1336, al.; ἡμεῖς the self,ἔνθα δὴ ἡμεῖς μάλιστα Plot.1.1.7
. -
79 متهم
I مُتَّهَمٌ['mutːaham]n mمَنْ يُتَّهَمُ inculpé m, accusé m◊المُتَّهَمُ بَريءٌ حَتَّى يُدانُ — L'inculpé est innocent jusq'à preuve du contraire.
♦ مُتَّهَمٌ بالتَّجَسُّسِ accusé d'espionnageII مُتَّهِمٌ['mutːahim]n mمَنْ يُوَجِّهُ الاتِّهامَ m dénonciateur◊المُتَّهِمُ هُوَ أُخوهُ — Le dénonciateur est son frère.
-
80 suspect
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Aham — 1 Original name in latin Aham Name in other language State code DE Continent/City Europe/Berlin longitude 48.53333 latitude 12.46667 altitude 432 Population 0 Date 2011 04 25 2 Original name in latin Aham Name in other language State code DE… … Cities with a population over 1000 database
Aham (Kashmir Shaivism) — Aham, a concept of Kashmir Shaivism, is defined as the supreme heart IAST|(hṛdayam) [IAST|Parā trīśikā Vivaraṇa, Jaideva Singh, page 78] , transcendent Self, supreme I awareness [IAST|Parā trīśikā Vivaraṇa, Jaideva Singh, page 131] or infinite… … Wikipedia
Aham (Begriffsklärung) — Aham ist der Name folgender Orte: in Deutschland: Aham, Gemeinde im Landkreis Landshut, Bayern Aham (Eiselfing), Ortsteil der Gemeinde Eiselfing, Landkreis Rosenheim, Bayern Aham (Pfarrkirchen), Ortsteil der Stadt Pfarrkirchen, Landkreis Rottal… … Deutsch Wikipedia
AHAM — Advanced Heavy Anti tank Missile (Governmental » Military) … Abbreviations dictionary
AHAM — abbr. Association of Home Appliance Manufacturers … Dictionary of abbreviations
ahám — अहम् … Indonesian dictionary
aham brahmasmi — See mahavakyas … Encyclopedia of Hinduism
