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101 instintivo
adj.instinctive, instinctual, gut, reflex.* * *► adjetivo1 instinctive* * *adj.* * *ADJ instinctive* * *- va adjetivo instinctive* * *= instinctual, instinctive, knee-jerk.Ex. The frequency with which the experienced reference librarian will chose the right path to follow owes more to some capacity of an instinctual nature than could be attributed to the operation of chance.Ex. Children are occupied thus every day in their natural, instinctive play.Ex. This publication reviews works on educational reform that represent attempts to do more than merely respond in knee-jerk fashion to political pressure for reform.----* algo instintivo = gut feeling, gut instinct.* nada instintivo = counter-intuitive [counterintuitive].* reacción instintiva = instinctive reaction.* * *- va adjetivo instinctive* * *= instinctual, instinctive, knee-jerk.Ex: The frequency with which the experienced reference librarian will chose the right path to follow owes more to some capacity of an instinctual nature than could be attributed to the operation of chance.
Ex: Children are occupied thus every day in their natural, instinctive play.Ex: This publication reviews works on educational reform that represent attempts to do more than merely respond in knee-jerk fashion to political pressure for reform.* algo instintivo = gut feeling, gut instinct.* nada instintivo = counter-intuitive [counterintuitive].* reacción instintiva = instinctive reaction.* * *instintivo -vainstinctive* * *
instintivo◊ -va adjetivo
instinctive
instintivo,-a adjetivo instinctive
' instintivo' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
instintiva
English:
instinctive
- gut
* * *instintivo, -a adjinstinctive* * *adj instinctive* * *instintivo, -va adj: instinctive♦ instintivamente adv -
102 lista
f.1 list.lista negra blacklistlista de precios price listpasar lista to call the registerlista de boda wedding listlista de espera waiting list2 strip.una camiseta a listas a striped shirt3 stripe, streak.pres.indicat.3rd person singular (él/ella/ello) present indicative of spanish verb: listar.* * *1 (relación) list2 (raya) stripe3 (tira) strip, slip\pasar lista to call the rolltachar de la lista to cross out, cross off the listlista de bodas wedding listlista de correos poste restante, US general deliverylista de espera waiting listlista negra blacklist* * *1. noun f.1) list2) roll3) stripe2. f., (m. - listo)* * *SF1) [de nombres, elementos] list; (Mil) roll, roll call; [en escuela] register, school list (EEUU)pasar lista — (Mil) to call the roll; (Escol) to call the register
lista cerrada — (Pol) closed list
lista de correos — poste restante, general delivery (EEUU)
lista de encuentros — (Dep) fixture list
lista de éxitos — (Mús) charts pl
lista de raya — Méx payroll
lista de tandas — duty roster, rota
lista electoral — electoral roll, register of voters
listas de audiencia — ratings, audience rating sing
2) (=tira) [de tela] strip; [de papel] slip3) (=raya) stripe* * *1)a) (de nombres, números) listla lista de las compras or (Esp) la compra — the shopping list
pasar lista — (Educ) to take roll call, to take the register (BrE)
b) ( en restaurante) menu2)a) ( raya) stripeb) ( tira) strip* * *= addendum [addenda, -pl.], bill, checklist [check-list], list, roster, roll-call, rundown, handlist, order list, drop-down list, stripe, line-up.Ex. In this category the majority of programmes tend to stress technological considerations with a rather hopeful-seeming addendum of applications considerations.Ex. So, in the bicentennial spirit here's a three-point bill of particulars or grievances (in addition to what was mentioned previously with respect to offensive or unauthentic terms).Ex. This a checklist of features to consider in comparing and evaluating data bases.Ex. Equally, various trade directories and other lists need to list and organise names in a form that will enable a searcher to find information about an organisation or person.Ex. Profiles of the research interests of faculty were gathered and organised into a 3-part faculty research interests roster.Ex. This is a non-bibliographic data base which records the complete roll-call of voting by members of Congress.Ex. This article describes the functionality of CARL software for this purpose, loads a brief rundown of data bases, and gives the criteria for selecting data bases.Ex. In their search for information, they had until this time been able to pick their way by relying on the handlists or catalogues provided by the librarian.Ex. The catalogue now contains 130,000 titles, its classified section being updated twice a year and the author part and ISBN order list bimonthly = El catálogo contiene en la actualidad 130.000 títulos, la sección sistemática se actualiza dos veces al año y la sección de autores y la lista de números ISBN bimensualmente.Ex. Select the paper you wish to revise from the drop-down list, and then press 'Browse' to select a file on your local machine to use as the revised version.Ex. This paper describes an oscillating chemical reaction, and discusses numerous parallels to it in research, such as in fibrillation of the heart, body-clock rhythms of animals and plants, the self-assembly of multicellular organisms, and certain stripes in volcanic rock.Ex. The title of the article is 'The information market: a line-up of competitors'.----* billete en lista de espera = standby seat.* encabezar la lista = top + the list.* encargado de la lista = list moderator.* enviar un mensaje a una lista de correo = post + a message.* incluir en la lista de morosos = blacklist [black-list].* incluir en la lista negra = blacklist [black-list].* inclusión en la lista de morosos = blacklisting.* lista alfabética = alphabetical listing, alphabetic list, alphabetical list, order list.* lista alfabética de encabezamientos de materia = alphabetical list of subject headings.* lista bibliográfica = bibliographic listing.* lista combinada = master list.* lista controlada = controlled list.* lista de autoridades = authoritative list, authority list, authority listing.* lista de bajada = drop-down list.* lista de búsqueda = finding list.* lista de candidatos preseleccionados = short list.* lista de circulación = routing list, circulation list.* lista de códigos = code sheet.* lista de compra = shopping list.* lista de comprobación = checklist [check-list].* lista de contactos = contact list.* lista de control = checklist [check-list].* lista de correo = mailing list, listserv(er) [list-serv(er)], distribution list, e-mail list, electronic distribution list.* lista de correo electrónico = electronic mailing list.* lista de correo moderada = moderated mailing list, moderated listserv.* lista de correspondencia = mailing list.* lista de datos = fact finder.* lista de descriptores = index vocabulary, subject vocabulary.* lista de deseos = wish list.* lista de direcciones = mailing list.* lista de discos más vendidos, la = charts, the.* lista de discusión = discussion list.* lista de distribución = mailing list, listserv(er) [list-serv(er)], distribution list, e-mail list.* lista de distribución electrónica = electronic list (e-list), electronic distribution list.* lista de élite = elite list, elite list.* lista de encabezamientos de materia = subject headings list.* Lista de Encabezamientos de Materia de la Asociación de Bibliotecas Escolar = SLA List.* Lista de Encabezamientos de Materia de la Biblioteca del Congreso (LCSH) = LCSH (Library of Congress List of Subject Headings).* Lista de Encabezamientos de Materias de Sears = Sears' List of Subject Headings.* lista de errores = error report.* lista de espera = waiting list.* lista de existencias = stock list [stocklist].* lista de éxitos = chart.* lista de éxitos de cartelera de espectáculos = Billboard chart.* lista de éxitos de la cartelera de espectáculos = Billboard chart.* lista de éxitos, la = charts, the.* lista de ganadores = roll of honour.* lista de honor = roll of honour.* lista de ilustraciones = list of illustrations.* lista de lecturas = reading list.* lista de lecturas para el verano = summer reading list.* lista de lecturas recomendadas = reading list, select list, recommended reading list.* lista de lecturas sugeridas = suggested reading list.* lista de libros = booklist [book list].* lista de libros enviados a encuadernar = bindery list.* lista de más populares = chart.* lista de más vendidos = chart.* lista de notaciones = code vocabulary.* lista de nuevas adquisiciones = acquisitions list.* lista de palabras clave = go-list [golist].* lista de palabras vacías = stop list [stoplist], stopword list.* lista de pasajeros = passenger list.* lista de pedidos = order list.* lista de personas de contacto = contact list.* lista de personas y cometidos = duty roster.* lista de préstamo = routing list, circulation list.* lista de publicaciones = publication(s) list.* lista de reserva = hold list.* lista de selección = pick-list.* lista desplegable hacia abajo = drop-down list.* lista de sugerencias = wish list.* lista de últimas adquisiciones = accessions list, list of current acquisitions, addition list.* lista de vinos = wine list.* lista electrónica = electronic list (e-list).* lista maestra = master list.* lista musical = audio listing.* lista negra = blacklist.* lista permutada = permuted list.* lista permutada de palabras clave = permuted keyword list.* lista selecta = short list, elite list.* moderador de la lista = list moderator.* poner en lista de espera = put + on a waiting list.* punto de la lista = bullet point.* * *1)a) (de nombres, números) listla lista de las compras or (Esp) la compra — the shopping list
pasar lista — (Educ) to take roll call, to take the register (BrE)
b) ( en restaurante) menu2)a) ( raya) stripeb) ( tira) strip* * *= addendum [addenda, -pl.], bill, checklist [check-list], list, roster, roll-call, rundown, handlist, order list, drop-down list, stripe, line-up.Ex: In this category the majority of programmes tend to stress technological considerations with a rather hopeful-seeming addendum of applications considerations.
Ex: So, in the bicentennial spirit here's a three-point bill of particulars or grievances (in addition to what was mentioned previously with respect to offensive or unauthentic terms).Ex: This a checklist of features to consider in comparing and evaluating data bases.Ex: Equally, various trade directories and other lists need to list and organise names in a form that will enable a searcher to find information about an organisation or person.Ex: Profiles of the research interests of faculty were gathered and organised into a 3-part faculty research interests roster.Ex: This is a non-bibliographic data base which records the complete roll-call of voting by members of Congress.Ex: This article describes the functionality of CARL software for this purpose, loads a brief rundown of data bases, and gives the criteria for selecting data bases.Ex: In their search for information, they had until this time been able to pick their way by relying on the handlists or catalogues provided by the librarian.Ex: The catalogue now contains 130,000 titles, its classified section being updated twice a year and the author part and ISBN order list bimonthly = El catálogo contiene en la actualidad 130.000 títulos, la sección sistemática se actualiza dos veces al año y la sección de autores y la lista de números ISBN bimensualmente.Ex: Select the paper you wish to revise from the drop-down list, and then press 'Browse' to select a file on your local machine to use as the revised version.Ex: This paper describes an oscillating chemical reaction, and discusses numerous parallels to it in research, such as in fibrillation of the heart, body-clock rhythms of animals and plants, the self-assembly of multicellular organisms, and certain stripes in volcanic rock.Ex: The title of the article is 'The information market: a line-up of competitors'.* billete en lista de espera = standby seat.* encabezar la lista = top + the list.* encargado de la lista = list moderator.* enviar un mensaje a una lista de correo = post + a message.* incluir en la lista de morosos = blacklist [black-list].* incluir en la lista negra = blacklist [black-list].* inclusión en la lista de morosos = blacklisting.* lista alfabética = alphabetical listing, alphabetic list, alphabetical list, order list.* lista alfabética de encabezamientos de materia = alphabetical list of subject headings.* lista bibliográfica = bibliographic listing.* lista combinada = master list.* lista controlada = controlled list.* lista de autoridades = authoritative list, authority list, authority listing.* lista de bajada = drop-down list.* lista de búsqueda = finding list.* lista de candidatos preseleccionados = short list.* lista de circulación = routing list, circulation list.* lista de códigos = code sheet.* lista de compra = shopping list.* lista de comprobación = checklist [check-list].* lista de contactos = contact list.* lista de control = checklist [check-list].* lista de correo = mailing list, listserv(er) [list-serv(er)], distribution list, e-mail list, electronic distribution list.* lista de correo electrónico = electronic mailing list.* lista de correo moderada = moderated mailing list, moderated listserv.* lista de correspondencia = mailing list.* lista de datos = fact finder.* lista de descriptores = index vocabulary, subject vocabulary.* lista de deseos = wish list.* lista de direcciones = mailing list.* lista de discos más vendidos, la = charts, the.* lista de discusión = discussion list.* lista de distribución = mailing list, listserv(er) [list-serv(er)], distribution list, e-mail list.* lista de distribución electrónica = electronic list (e-list), electronic distribution list.* lista de élite = elite list, elite list.* lista de encabezamientos de materia = subject headings list.* Lista de Encabezamientos de Materia de la Asociación de Bibliotecas Escolar = SLA List.* Lista de Encabezamientos de Materia de la Biblioteca del Congreso (LCSH) = LCSH (Library of Congress List of Subject Headings).* Lista de Encabezamientos de Materias de Sears = Sears' List of Subject Headings.* lista de errores = error report.* lista de espera = waiting list.* lista de existencias = stock list [stocklist].* lista de éxitos = chart.* lista de éxitos de cartelera de espectáculos = Billboard chart.* lista de éxitos de la cartelera de espectáculos = Billboard chart.* lista de éxitos, la = charts, the.* lista de ganadores = roll of honour.* lista de honor = roll of honour.* lista de ilustraciones = list of illustrations.* lista de lecturas = reading list.* lista de lecturas para el verano = summer reading list.* lista de lecturas recomendadas = reading list, select list, recommended reading list.* lista de lecturas sugeridas = suggested reading list.* lista de libros = booklist [book list].* lista de libros enviados a encuadernar = bindery list.* lista de más populares = chart.* lista de más vendidos = chart.* lista de notaciones = code vocabulary.* lista de nuevas adquisiciones = acquisitions list.* lista de palabras clave = go-list [golist].* lista de palabras vacías = stop list [stoplist], stopword list.* lista de pasajeros = passenger list.* lista de pedidos = order list.* lista de personas de contacto = contact list.* lista de personas y cometidos = duty roster.* lista de préstamo = routing list, circulation list.* lista de publicaciones = publication(s) list.* lista de reserva = hold list.* lista de selección = pick-list.* lista desplegable hacia abajo = drop-down list.* lista de sugerencias = wish list.* lista de últimas adquisiciones = accessions list, list of current acquisitions, addition list.* lista de vinos = wine list.* lista electrónica = electronic list (e-list).* lista maestra = master list.* lista musical = audio listing.* lista negra = blacklist.* lista permutada = permuted list.* lista permutada de palabras clave = permuted keyword list.* lista selecta = short list, elite list.* moderador de la lista = list moderator.* poner en lista de espera = put + on a waiting list.* punto de la lista = bullet point.* * *A1 (de nombres, números) listno estás en la lista you're not on the listlo han borrado or tachado de la lista he's been crossed off the list¿has hecho la lista de las compras or ( Esp) de la compra? have you written the shopping list?la lista de precios the price listla lista de bajas the casualty list( Mil) they call the roll at nine, roll call is at nine2 (en un restaurante) menuCompuestos:whitelistwedding listelectronic mailing list(electronic) address bookwaiting listelectoral roll o register( Pol) party listpassenger listlist of prioritiesuser listwine listparty list, slate ( AmE)blacklistB1 (raya) stripeuna tela a listas blancas y negras a black and white striped material2 (tira) strip* * *
Del verbo listar: ( conjugate listar)
lista es:
3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) presente indicativo2ª persona singular (tú) imperativo
Multiple Entries:
lista
listar
lista sustantivo femenino
lista de boda wedding list;
lista de espera waiting list;
lista de éxitos (Mús) charts (pl);
(Lit) best-seller list
listar ( conjugate listar) verbo transitivo
to list
listo,-a adjetivo
1 (despierto, agudo) smart
2 (preparado) ready
♦ Locuciones: (apañado) estás listo si crees que voy a ayudarte, you are sadly mistaken if you think I'm going to help you
pasarse de listo, to be too clever by half
lista sustantivo femenino
1 list: la profesora pasó lista, the teacher called the roll
lista de correos, general delivery
lista negra, blacklist
2 (raya, franja) stripe
' lista' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
antepenúltima
- antepenúltimo
- banda
- candidatura
- clasificación
- confeccionar
- doble
- encabezar
- engrosar
- figurar
- incluir
- minuta
- número
- remitir
- rol
- su
- tabla
- tarifa
- toda
- todo
- adjunto
- aparecer
- buscar
- catalogar
- confección
- faltar
- final
- hacer
- listado
- listo
- nómina
- pendejo
- planilla
- programación
- raya
- relación
- repasar
- todavía
English:
alleged
- band
- be
- blacklist
- bottom
- chart
- check off
- checklist
- clever
- cross off
- cross out
- doll
- exclude
- for
- half
- head
- hit list
- include
- index
- itemize
- list
- listing
- made-up
- make out
- mark off
- me
- niece
- prick up
- reading list
- recommendation
- reel off
- remove
- roll
- roll call
- roster
- schedule
- short-list
- sick-list
- standby
- standby passenger
- stocklist
- strike off
- top
- waiting list
- wordlist
- acknowledgment
- attendance
- call
- certain
- check
* * *lista nf1. [enumeración] list;hazme una lista de lo que quieres write me a list of what you want;lista de boda wedding list; Esp lista de la compra shopping list; Am lista de las compras shopping list; Informát lista de correo mailing list; Informát lista de distribución mailing list;lista electoral = list of candidates put forward by a political party;Av lista de embarque passenger list;lista de espera waiting list;lista de éxitos [musicales] hit parade;lista negra blacklist;lista de precios price list2. [de tela, madera] strip;[de papel] slip3. [en tela, de color] stripe;una camiseta a listas a striped shirt* * *f1 list;pasar lista take the roll call, Br call the register2 en tela stripe* * *lista nf1) : list2) : roster, rollpasar lista: to take attendance3) : stripe, strip4) : menu* * *lista n list -
103 mercado de capitales
(n.) = financial market, capital marketEx. Financial markets, which had been roiled Tuesday by a falling dollar and soaring energy prices, recovered some of their losses Wednesday.Ex. Recent research into the reaction of key executives to the integration and expansion of global capital markets suggests that many of them are almost ' as happy as Larry'.* * *(n.) = financial market, capital marketEx: Financial markets, which had been roiled Tuesday by a falling dollar and soaring energy prices, recovered some of their losses Wednesday.
Ex: Recent research into the reaction of key executives to the integration and expansion of global capital markets suggests that many of them are almost ' as happy as Larry'. -
104 ponerse como un energúmeno
to go up the wall, blow one's top* * *(v.) = get + Posesivo + knickers in a twist, get + Posesivo + knickers in a bundle, get + Posesivo + panties in a bundle, blow + Posesivo + top, blow + a fuse, wax + indignant, throw + a wobbly, throw + a wobbler, tear + Posesivo + hair out, blow + Posesivo + lid, blow + Posesivo + stackEx. The trouble began when some journalists got their knickers in a twist over Reich's unusual theories -- one of these being the notion that every individual should have a healthy satisfying sex life.Ex. Now before anyone gets their knickers in a bundle over that statement let me clarify.Ex. I cannot for the life of me understand what you see in the Serb's cause that gets your panties in a bundle.Ex. Yoga is better for people who are always blowing their top and who are therefore prone to high blood pressure.Ex. He simply blew a fuse and decided to go out on the road, spitefully apologizing again and again, until he got it right.Ex. To wax indignant about a President's telling lies makes no more sense than to do so about a wrestler's faking falls.Ex. The good thing about having it in writing is that you`re then well within your rights to throw a wobbly and demand you get what you paid for.Ex. Of course there are things they don't like, and sometimes one of them throws a wobbler -- which sets the other one off!.Ex. People are clearly extremely upset, apparently tearing their hair out at having to deal with spam.Ex. Of course her initial reaction was to blow her lid, but she didn't -- instead she took the high road and simply just left.Ex. She really blew her stack as she stomped out of the sales manager's office talking to herself.* * *(v.) = get + Posesivo + knickers in a twist, get + Posesivo + knickers in a bundle, get + Posesivo + panties in a bundle, blow + Posesivo + top, blow + a fuse, wax + indignant, throw + a wobbly, throw + a wobbler, tear + Posesivo + hair out, blow + Posesivo + lid, blow + Posesivo + stackEx: The trouble began when some journalists got their knickers in a twist over Reich's unusual theories -- one of these being the notion that every individual should have a healthy satisfying sex life.
Ex: Now before anyone gets their knickers in a bundle over that statement let me clarify.Ex: I cannot for the life of me understand what you see in the Serb's cause that gets your panties in a bundle.Ex: Yoga is better for people who are always blowing their top and who are therefore prone to high blood pressure.Ex: He simply blew a fuse and decided to go out on the road, spitefully apologizing again and again, until he got it right.Ex: To wax indignant about a President's telling lies makes no more sense than to do so about a wrestler's faking falls.Ex: The good thing about having it in writing is that you`re then well within your rights to throw a wobbly and demand you get what you paid for.Ex: Of course there are things they don't like, and sometimes one of them throws a wobbler -- which sets the other one off!.Ex: People are clearly extremely upset, apparently tearing their hair out at having to deal with spam
.Ex: Of course her initial reaction was to blow her lid, but she didn't -- instead she took the high road and simply just left.Ex: She really blew her stack as she stomped out of the sales manager's office talking to herself. -
105 ponerse hecho una fiera
(v.) = go + ballistic, go + berserk, blow + Posesivo + top, go + postal, go + crazy, blow + a fuse, lose + Posesivo + temper, throw + a wobbly, throw + a wobbler, blow + Posesivo + lid, blow + Posesivo + stackEx. Allegedly mellowed coach Mike Ditka went ballistic on his inept players as they were being crushed by the visiting team.Ex. It depicts fascism as a crusade for preserving literature's purity, a crusade that went berserk.Ex. Yoga is better for people who are always blowing their top and who are therefore prone to high blood pressure.Ex. You have also probably read about cases where an employee ' went postal' and entered a company building, shooting his boss and other employees.Ex. Sawer went crazy after the woman he was having an affair with was caught and her husband killed her.Ex. He simply blew a fuse and decided to go out on the road, spitefully apologizing again and again, until he got it right.Ex. His father gave him a bag of nails, and told him to drive a nail in the fence in the backyard whenever he lost his temper.Ex. The good thing about having it in writing is that you`re then well within your rights to throw a wobbly and demand you get what you paid for.Ex. Of course there are things they don't like, and sometimes one of them throws a wobbler -- which sets the other one off!.Ex. Of course her initial reaction was to blow her lid, but she didn't -- instead she took the high road and simply just left.Ex. She really blew her stack as she stomped out of the sales manager's office talking to herself.* * *(v.) = go + ballistic, go + berserk, blow + Posesivo + top, go + postal, go + crazy, blow + a fuse, lose + Posesivo + temper, throw + a wobbly, throw + a wobbler, blow + Posesivo + lid, blow + Posesivo + stackEx: Allegedly mellowed coach Mike Ditka went ballistic on his inept players as they were being crushed by the visiting team.
Ex: It depicts fascism as a crusade for preserving literature's purity, a crusade that went berserk.Ex: Yoga is better for people who are always blowing their top and who are therefore prone to high blood pressure.Ex: You have also probably read about cases where an employee ' went postal' and entered a company building, shooting his boss and other employees.Ex: Sawer went crazy after the woman he was having an affair with was caught and her husband killed her.Ex: He simply blew a fuse and decided to go out on the road, spitefully apologizing again and again, until he got it right.Ex: His father gave him a bag of nails, and told him to drive a nail in the fence in the backyard whenever he lost his temper.Ex: The good thing about having it in writing is that you`re then well within your rights to throw a wobbly and demand you get what you paid for.Ex: Of course there are things they don't like, and sometimes one of them throws a wobbler -- which sets the other one off!.Ex: Of course her initial reaction was to blow her lid, but she didn't -- instead she took the high road and simply just left.Ex: She really blew her stack as she stomped out of the sales manager's office talking to herself. -
106 prever
v.1 to foresee, to anticipate.una reacción que los médicos no habían previsto a reaction the doctors hadn't foreseense prevé una fuerte oposición popular a la ley strong popular opposition to the law is anticipated o expectedElla previó el desastre She foresaw the disaster.2 to plan.prevén vender un millón de unidades they plan to sell a million unitstenía previsto ir al cine esta tarde I was planning to go to the cinema this evening3 to forecast, to predict (predecir) (catástrofe, acontecimiento).4 to prepare for, to plan ahead, to make provisions for, to make provision for.Ellos previeron la tormenta They prepared for the storm.Ellos previeron They planned ahead.5 to bargain for, to bargain on.Ellos previeron un mejor precio They bargained for a better price.* * *1 (anticipar) to foresee, forecast2 (preparar) to plan* * *verbanticipate, envisage, foresee* * *VT1) (=adivinar) to foresee; (=predecir) to predict, forecastprever que... — to anticipate that..., expect that...
si ganan como se prevé — if they win as expected o predicted
2) (=proyectar) to planla elección está prevista para... — the election is scheduled o planned for...
3) (=establecer) to provide for, establishla ley prevé que... — the law provides o stipulates that...
* * *1.verbo transitivoa) ( anticipar) <acontecimiento/consecuencias> to foresee, anticipate; < tiempo> to forecastb) (proyectar, planear)tiene prevista su llegada a las 11 horas — it is due o scheduled to arrive at 11 o'clock
c) ley to envisage2.prever vi* * *= anticipate, envisage, envision, foresee, make + provision for, look + ahead, predict, contemplate, slate (for).Ex. The information that most modern indexes must organise concerns much more complex subjects than Cutter could have anticipated.Ex. It is fairly common to have to modify a standard list, or compile a fresh list when a new application is envisaged.Ex. Let me further specify the requirements of the catalog envisioned by the Paris Principles.Ex. Developments in this area are proceeding at such a pace it is impossible to foresee total needs for next year let alone for the life of the building.Ex. We must of course make provision for those users who look for information under one of the other terms, and this is discussed below in the section on showing semantic relationships.Ex. The author gives a brief description of the library and information scene in 1974 and looks ahead to what it will be like in 2014.Ex. Further, it is necessary to predict in avance the areas in which new subjects are likely to arise and to leave gaps accordingly; this forecasting is obviously difficult.Ex. These details are primarily useful as a record of expenditure or to organisations or individuals contemplating the purchase of a work.Ex. The next IFLA Conference is slated for August 14-28, 1995, in Istanbul, Turkey.----* prever una necesidad = project + need.* previendo = in anticipation of.* * *1.verbo transitivoa) ( anticipar) <acontecimiento/consecuencias> to foresee, anticipate; < tiempo> to forecastb) (proyectar, planear)tiene prevista su llegada a las 11 horas — it is due o scheduled to arrive at 11 o'clock
c) ley to envisage2.prever vi* * *= anticipate, envisage, envision, foresee, make + provision for, look + ahead, predict, contemplate, slate (for).Ex: The information that most modern indexes must organise concerns much more complex subjects than Cutter could have anticipated.
Ex: It is fairly common to have to modify a standard list, or compile a fresh list when a new application is envisaged.Ex: Let me further specify the requirements of the catalog envisioned by the Paris Principles.Ex: Developments in this area are proceeding at such a pace it is impossible to foresee total needs for next year let alone for the life of the building.Ex: We must of course make provision for those users who look for information under one of the other terms, and this is discussed below in the section on showing semantic relationships.Ex: The author gives a brief description of the library and information scene in 1974 and looks ahead to what it will be like in 2014.Ex: Further, it is necessary to predict in avance the areas in which new subjects are likely to arise and to leave gaps accordingly; this forecasting is obviously difficult.Ex: These details are primarily useful as a record of expenditure or to organisations or individuals contemplating the purchase of a work.Ex: The next IFLA Conference is slated for August 14-28, 1995, in Istanbul, Turkey.* prever una necesidad = project + need.* previendo = in anticipation of.* * *vt1 (anticipar) ‹acontecimiento/consecuencias› to foresee, anticipate; ‹tiempo› to forecastlo siento, pero no podía prever lo que iba a suceder I'm sorry, but I couldn't foresee o anticipate what was going to happenno habían previsto los posibles fallos de la maquinaria they had not foreseen the possibility of machine failurese prevé un aumento de los precios del petróleo an increase in the price of oil is predicted o forecasttodo hace prever su victoria en las próximas elecciones everything points to her victory in the coming elections2(proyectar, planear): las medidas previstas por el gobierno the measures planned by the governmentla terminación del puente está prevista para finales de año the bridge is due to be completed by the end of the yeartiene prevista su llegada a las 11 horas its expected time of arrival is 11 o'clock, it is due o scheduled to arrive at 11 o'clocktodo salió tal como estaba previsto everything turned out just as plannedel presidente decidió continuar con el programa previsto the president decided to continue with the program as plannedtenía previsto comenzar su gira el próximo martes he had planned to start his tour next Tuesdayque su madre viniera no estaba previsto en el programa ( hum); her mother coming along wasn't part of the plan ( colloq)3 «ley» to envisage■ prevervito expectcomo era de prever as was to be expected* * *
prever ( conjugate prever) verbo transitivo
‹ tiempo› to forecast;
b) (proyectar, planear):
tiene prevista su llegada a las 11 horas it is due o scheduled to arrive at 11 o'clock;
todo salió tal como estaba previsto everything turned out just as planned
verbo intransitivo:
prever verbo transitivo
1 (anticipar) to foresee, predict: no previó las consecuencias, she didn't foresee the consequences
2 (disponer) to plan, prepare: la salida está prevista para las 9 horas, departure is due at 9 a.m.
' prever' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
contar
- esperar
English:
anticipate
- envisage
- envision
- forecast
- foresee
- outguess
- think ahead
- visualize
- contingency
- foregone
* * *♦ vt1. [predecir] to forecast, to predict;él había previsto el terremoto he had forecast o predicted the earthquake2. [planear] to plan;prevén vender un millón de unidades del nuevo modelo they plan to sell a million units of the new model;tenía previsto ir al cine esta tarde I was planning to go to the cinema this evening;tenía previsto llamarte en cuanto supiera la noticia I was intending to phone you as soon as I heard the news3. [anticipar] to foresee, to anticipate;era una reacción que los médicos no habían previsto it was a reaction the doctors hadn't foreseen;se prevé una fuerte oposición popular a la ley strong popular opposition to the law is anticipated o expected;no se prevén grandes atascos en las carreteras no major holdups on the roads are anticipated;todo hace prever que nevará este fin de semana all the signs are that it will snow this weekend♦ vicomo era de prever as was to be expected* * *<part previsto> v/t foresee* * *prever {88} vtanticipar: to foresee, to anticipate* * * -
107 profesión liberal
profession* * ** * *(n.) = liberal professionEx. To limit research to that which is useful is a conservative reaction from a seemingly liberal profession.* * ** * *(n.) = liberal professionEx: To limit research to that which is useful is a conservative reaction from a seemingly liberal profession.
* * *profession -
108 recabar
v.1 to ask for.2 to procure, to chase up, to collect, to collect bit by bit.* * *1 (solicitar) to ask for, entreat2 (obtener) to attain, obtain, manage to get* * *VT1) (=obtener) to manage to get (de from)2) (=reclamar) to claim as of right, assert one's claim to3) (=solicitar) to ask for, apply for; (=exigir) to demand, insist on* * *verbo transitivoa) <información/apoyo/votos> to obtain, gather; < ayuda> to obtain, get; < fondos> to raise; < firmas> to collectb) <derecho/libertad> to claim* * *= elicit.Ex. This article looks at ways in which librarians in leadership roles can elicit the motivation, commitment, and personal investment of members of the organisation.----* actividad dirigida a recabar fondos = fundraiser [fund-raiser].* persona encargada de recabar fondos = fundraiser [fund-raiser].* recabar apoyo = garner + support.* recabar ayuda = solicit + help, solicit + support.* recabar + contribución = solicit + contribution.* recabar datos = solicit + data.* recabar fondos = pursue + money, solicit + funds, elicit + funds, raise + funds.* recabar información = solicit + information.* recabar la opinión = canvass + opinion.* recabar la opinión pública = gauge + public opinion.* recabar la opinión sobre = gauge + opinion on.* recabar opiniones = solicit + input.* recabar opinión sobre = elicit + opinion on.* recabar + participación = solicit + contribution.* recabar + Posesivo + opinión = gauge + Posesivo + reaction.* recabar sugerencias = canvass + suggestions.* recabar una opinión = solicit + opinion.* recabar un comentario = solicit + comment.* * *verbo transitivoa) <información/apoyo/votos> to obtain, gather; < ayuda> to obtain, get; < fondos> to raise; < firmas> to collectb) <derecho/libertad> to claim* * *= elicit.Ex: This article looks at ways in which librarians in leadership roles can elicit the motivation, commitment, and personal investment of members of the organisation.
* actividad dirigida a recabar fondos = fundraiser [fund-raiser].* persona encargada de recabar fondos = fundraiser [fund-raiser].* recabar apoyo = garner + support.* recabar ayuda = solicit + help, solicit + support.* recabar + contribución = solicit + contribution.* recabar datos = solicit + data.* recabar fondos = pursue + money, solicit + funds, elicit + funds, raise + funds.* recabar información = solicit + information.* recabar la opinión = canvass + opinion.* recabar la opinión pública = gauge + public opinion.* recabar la opinión sobre = gauge + opinion on.* recabar opiniones = solicit + input.* recabar opinión sobre = elicit + opinion on.* recabar + participación = solicit + contribution.* recabar + Posesivo + opinión = gauge + Posesivo + reaction.* recabar sugerencias = canvass + suggestions.* recabar una opinión = solicit + opinion.* recabar un comentario = solicit + comment.* * *recabar [A1 ]vt1 (conseguir) ‹información› to gather, obtain, collect; ‹apoyo/votos› to obtain, gather; ‹ayuda› to obtain, get; ‹fondos› to raise; ‹firmas› to collect2 (reclamar) ‹derecho/libertad/responsabilidad› to claimrecabó el respaldo de los ciudadanos he asked the people to support him, he asked for the people's support* * *
recabar verbo transitivo
1 (ayuda, información) to obtain, manage to get
* * *recabar vt1. [pedir, reclamar] to ask for;todos los ciudadanos tienen derecho a recabar justicia ante los tribunales every citizen has the right to expect justice from the courts2. [conseguir]no han conseguido recabar ayuda para su proyecto they haven't managed to get any assistance for their project;recaban apoyos para su propuesta they are seeking support for their proposal;recaban información para un estudio de mercado they are gathering information for market research* * *v/t gather, obtain* * *recabar vt1) : to gather, to obtain, to collect2)recabar fondos : to raise money -
109 secundario
adj.1 secondary, ancillary, knock-on.2 secondary, low-voltage.* * *► adjetivo1 secondary1 GEOLOGÍA secondary————————1 GEOLOGÍA secondary* * *(f. - secundaria)adj.* * *secundario, -a1.ADJ (=no principal) [gen] secondary; [carretera, efectos] side antes de s ; (Inform) background antes de seducación 1)2.SM / F supporting actor* * *- ria adjetivo <factor/problema> secondary* * *= ancillary, marginal, minor, peripheral, secondary, side, subsidiary, tangential, accessory, fringe, fringe subject, derivative.Ex. A number of ancillary factors about the development of knowledge can be examined such as the extent of self-citation and the evolution of concepts.Ex. The title 'Unsolicited marginal gift collections: saying no or coping with the unwanted' deals with the problem of how to cope with collections which should have been declined, but were not.Ex. A study of bibliographic classification could concentrate solely upon the major, and some of the more minor bibliographic classification schemes used today.Ex. The example below demonstrates how to reject those documents that are likely to be of only peripheral interest.Ex. In general title entries are regarded as secondary to author entries.Ex. The course had concentrated on executive decision making, with a side excursion into the study and findings of Henry Mintzberg as reported in his book, 'The Nature of Managerial Work'.Ex. Added entries are only made under important subsidiary headings and not under every possible alternative heading.Ex. My second point may be a slightly tangential, but I hope it is a concrete reaction to the general tenor of Mr. Lubetzky's remarks and the general subject posed.Ex. The Publications Office may fairly be said to present itself to the outside-world as a distributor by way of sale, since its overt involvement in free distribution is essentially accessory to that.Ex. Libraries must also attempt to draw in the public by promoting fringe activities such as art exhibitions, concerts, talks by writers, craft demonstrations and films.Ex. In a general classification there are, of course, no fringe subjects: all are of equal weight, and must be given their due place in the overall order.Ex. The author gives an overview of derivative information sources.----* actividad secundaria = sidelight activity.* actor secundario = secondary role.* almacenamiento secundario = secondary storage.* añadir como algo secundario = tack on.* asiento secundario = secondary entry.* asiento secundario por autor y título = author-title added entry, name-title added entry.* asiento secundario por título = title added entry.* atención secundaria = secondary care.* autor secundario = secondary author.* bibliografía secundaria = secondary literature.* carretera secundaria = minor road, back road.* color secundario = secondary colour.* concepto secundario = secondary concept, subsidiary concept.* descriptor secundario = minor descriptor.* desempeñar un papel secundario = play + second fiddle.* documento secundario = secondary document, secondary publication.* educación secundaria = secondary education.* efecto secundario = side effect [side-effect], spillover effect, after effect [after-effect].* efectos secundarios = knock-on effect.* encabezamiento secundario = added entry heading.* enseñanza secundaria = secondary education.* escuela de primer ciclo de secundaria = intermediate school.* escuela secundaria = junior school, middle school, upper school.* estudiante que ha completado los estudios secundarios = high school graduate.* fuente secundaria = secondary source.* hallazgo secundario = incidental finding.* idea secundaria = side issue.* incluir como registro de encabezamiento secundario = trace.* información secundaria = secondary information.* papel secundario = secondary role.* perderse por los caminos secundarios = go + off-road.* personaje secundario = secondary character.* producto secundario = by-product [byproduct].* puntos secundarios = secondary points.* registro de encabezamiento secundario de materia = subject tracing.* registro de encabezamientos secundarios = tracing.* responsabilidad secundaria = secondary responsibility.* servicios de documentos secundarios = secondary services.* tema de secundaria importancia = footnote.* término secundario = qualifying term.* tomar un papel secundario = take + a back seat.* * *- ria adjetivo <factor/problema> secondary* * *= ancillary, marginal, minor, peripheral, secondary, side, subsidiary, tangential, accessory, fringe, fringe subject, derivative.Ex: A number of ancillary factors about the development of knowledge can be examined such as the extent of self-citation and the evolution of concepts.
Ex: The title 'Unsolicited marginal gift collections: saying no or coping with the unwanted' deals with the problem of how to cope with collections which should have been declined, but were not.Ex: A study of bibliographic classification could concentrate solely upon the major, and some of the more minor bibliographic classification schemes used today.Ex: The example below demonstrates how to reject those documents that are likely to be of only peripheral interest.Ex: In general title entries are regarded as secondary to author entries.Ex: The course had concentrated on executive decision making, with a side excursion into the study and findings of Henry Mintzberg as reported in his book, 'The Nature of Managerial Work'.Ex: Added entries are only made under important subsidiary headings and not under every possible alternative heading.Ex: My second point may be a slightly tangential, but I hope it is a concrete reaction to the general tenor of Mr. Lubetzky's remarks and the general subject posed.Ex: The Publications Office may fairly be said to present itself to the outside-world as a distributor by way of sale, since its overt involvement in free distribution is essentially accessory to that.Ex: Libraries must also attempt to draw in the public by promoting fringe activities such as art exhibitions, concerts, talks by writers, craft demonstrations and films.Ex: In a general classification there are, of course, no fringe subjects: all are of equal weight, and must be given their due place in the overall order.Ex: The author gives an overview of derivative information sources.* actividad secundaria = sidelight activity.* actor secundario = secondary role.* almacenamiento secundario = secondary storage.* añadir como algo secundario = tack on.* asiento secundario = secondary entry.* asiento secundario por autor y título = author-title added entry, name-title added entry.* asiento secundario por título = title added entry.* atención secundaria = secondary care.* autor secundario = secondary author.* bibliografía secundaria = secondary literature.* carretera secundaria = minor road, back road.* color secundario = secondary colour.* concepto secundario = secondary concept, subsidiary concept.* descriptor secundario = minor descriptor.* desempeñar un papel secundario = play + second fiddle.* documento secundario = secondary document, secondary publication.* educación secundaria = secondary education.* efecto secundario = side effect [side-effect], spillover effect, after effect [after-effect].* efectos secundarios = knock-on effect.* encabezamiento secundario = added entry heading.* enseñanza secundaria = secondary education.* escuela de primer ciclo de secundaria = intermediate school.* escuela secundaria = junior school, middle school, upper school.* estudiante que ha completado los estudios secundarios = high school graduate.* fuente secundaria = secondary source.* hallazgo secundario = incidental finding.* idea secundaria = side issue.* incluir como registro de encabezamiento secundario = trace.* información secundaria = secondary information.* papel secundario = secondary role.* perderse por los caminos secundarios = go + off-road.* personaje secundario = secondary character.* producto secundario = by-product [byproduct].* puntos secundarios = secondary points.* registro de encabezamiento secundario de materia = subject tracing.* registro de encabezamientos secundarios = tracing.* responsabilidad secundaria = secondary responsibility.* servicios de documentos secundarios = secondary services.* tema de secundaria importancia = footnote.* término secundario = qualifying term.* tomar un papel secundario = take + a back seat.* * *‹factor/problema› secondaryel premio a la mejor actriz secundaria the award for the best supporting actress* * *
secundario
‹actor/actriz› supporting ( before n)
secundario,-a adjetivo secondary
' secundario' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
accesoria
- accesorio
- sector
- secundaria
- subtítulo
- efecto
- marginal
- menor
English:
after-effect
- incidental
- minor
- prep school
- secondary
- senior
- side
- subsidiary
- upstage
- after
- high
- junior
- peripheral
- preparatory
- sophomore
- supporting
* * *secundario, -a♦ adj1. [en orden] secondary2. [de menor importancia] minor;actor secundario supporting actor3. Geol secondary♦ nmGeolel Secundario the Secondary (era)* * *adj secondary* * *secundario, - ria adj: secondary* * *secundario adj secondary -
110 imprévu
imprévu, e [ɛ̃pʀevy]1. adjectiveunexpected ; [dépenses] unforeseen2. masculine noun* * *
1.
imprévue ɛ̃pʀevy adjectif1) ( non prévu) unforeseen2) ( non prévisible) unexpected
2.
nom masculin1) ( incident) hitch2) ( choses inattendues)plein d'imprévu — [personne, film] quirky; [vacances, voyage] with a few surprises (épith, après n); [métier] never dull (jamais épith), which is never dull (épith, après n)
3) ( dépense exceptionnelle) unforeseen expense* * *ɛ̃pʀevy imprévu, -e1. adj(événement) unforeseen2. nm(= aléa) unexpected incident* * *A adj1 ( non prévu) unforeseen; dépenses imprévues unforeseen expenses;2 ( non prévisible) unexpected; réaction imprévue unexpected reaction.B nm2 ( choses inattendues) l'imprévu the unexpected; faire face à l'imprévu to cope with the unexpected; plein d'imprévu [personne, film] quirky; [vacances, voyage] with a few surprises ( épith, après n); [métier] never dull ( jamais épith), which is never dull ( épith, après n);3 ( dépense exceptionnelle) unforeseen expense.————————nom masculin1. [les surprises]2. [événement] unexpected eventsauf imprévu ou à moins d'un imprévu, je serai à l'heure unless anything unforeseen happens ou barring accidents, I'll be on time3. [dépense] unforeseen ou hidden expense -
111 prévisible
prévisible [pʀevizibl]adjective[réaction, résultat, personne] predictable ; [événement, évolution] foreseeable* * *pʀevizibladjectif predictable* * *pʀevizibl adj* * *prévisible adj [développement, événement] foreseeable, predictable; [chiffre, réaction, personne] predictable; leur échec était prévisible their failure was predictable; un accident difficilement prévisible an accident which could hardly have been foreseen.[previzibl] adjectif -
112 prévoir
prévoir [pʀevwaʀ]➭ TABLE 24 transitive verba. ( = anticiper) [+ événement, conséquence] to foresee ; [+ temps] to forecast ; [+ réaction, contretemps] to expect• rien ne laissait prévoir que... there was nothing to suggest that...b. ( = projeter) [+ voyage, construction] to planc. ( = préparer, envisager) to allowd. (Law) [loi, règlement] to make provision for* * *pʀevwaʀ1) ( annoncer comme probable) to predict [changement, arrivée, inflation]; to foresee [échec, victoire]; to anticipate [conséquence]; to forecast [résultat, temps]2) Droit ( envisager) [loi] to make provision for, to provide for; [législateur] to make provision for, to allow for3) ( fixer dans le temps) to plan [réunion]; to set the date for [déménagement]rendez-vous comme prévu le 17 — meeting on the 17th as planned ou arranged
4) ( planifier) [concepteur] to plan; [propriétaire, client] to plan to have [pièce]un plan de réorganisation prévoyant 500 suppressions d'emploi — a reorganization plan which entails the projected loss of 500 jobs
tout a été prévu pour quelque chose/pour faire — all the arrangements have been made for something/to do
5) ( se munir de) to make sure one takes [vêtement, parapluie]6) ( s'attendre à) to expect [personne]; to expect, to anticipate [postes d'emploi, pénurie, grève]7) ( allouer) to allow [argent, temps]* * *pʀevwaʀ vt1) (= deviner) to foreseeJ'avais prévu qu'il serait en retard. — I'd foreseen that he'd be late.
2) (= s'attendre à) to expect, to reckon onJe prévois qu'il me faudra une heure de plus. — I reckon on it taking me another hour.
3) (= prévenir) [éventualité] to anticipate4) (= organiser) to planNous prévoyons un pique-nique pour dimanche. — We're planning a picnic on Sunday.
Le départ est prévu pour dix heures. — Departure is scheduled for 10 o'clock.
5) (= préparer, réserver) to allowJ'ai prévu assez à manger pour quatre. — I allowed enough food for four.
* * *prévoir verb table: prévoir vtr1 ( annoncer comme probable) to predict [changement, amélioration, augmentation, arrivée, inflation]; to foresee [événement, échec, victoire]; to anticipate [conséquence, réaction]; to forecast [résultat, temps]; qui pouvait prévoir ce qui se passerait? who could have foreseen what would happen?; nous ne pouvions pas prévoir qu'il démissionnerait we couldn't anticipate that he would resign; la participation au vote a été moins forte que prévue the turn-out has been lower than anticipated; rien ne laissait prévoir un tel résultat there was no prior indication of such a result; c'était à prévoir! that was predictable!;2 Jur ( envisager) [loi, texte, règlement] to make provision for, to provide for [cas, infraction, possibilité]; [personne, législateur] to make provision for, to allow for [cas, infraction, possibilité]; le texte ne prévoit rien en cas de litige the text makes no provision in case of litigation; les cas prévus par la loi cases provided for by the law;3 ( fixer dans le temps) to plan [réunion, rendez-vous, assemblée] (pour for); to set the date for [rentrée, déménagement] (pour for); la réunion prévue (pour) le 17 avril the meeting planned for 17 April; rendez-vous comme prévu le 17 meeting on the 17th as planned ou arranged; le début des travaux est prévu pour le 20 mai the work is scheduled to start on 20 May;4 ( planifier) [architecte, organisateur, concepteur, éditeur] to plan [pièce, construction, édition]; [propriétaire, client] to plan to have [pièce]; l'architecte prévoit deux escaliers de secours the architect is planning two emergency staircases; nous prévoyons deux chambres d'amis we plan to have two spare rooms; il n'a pas prévu de sortie de secours he didn't make provision for an emergency exit; nous devons prévoir une salle de conférence we must make provision for a conference room; être prévu to be planned; ce n'était pas prévu! that wasn't meant to happen!; le (petit) dernier n'était pas prévu the youngest wasn't planned; rien n'est prévu pour l'année prochaine there's no plan for next year; une salle a été prévue pour les fumeurs provision has been made for a smoking room; rien n'a été prévu pour les enfants no provision has been made for the children; nous prévoyons la construction d'une usine we're planning to build a factory; nous prévoyons la visite de Venise we're planning to visit Venice; prévoir de faire to plan to do; il prévoit de rentrer le 17 avril he plans to come back on 17 April; ils ont prévu de privatiser they have made plans to privatize; je dois prévoir un repas pour 30 personnes I have to organize a meal for 30 people; l'accord prévu entre les deux compagnies the projected agreement between the two companies; un plan de réorganisation prévoyant 500 suppressions d'emploi a reorganization plan which entails the projected loss of 500 jobs; remplissez le formulaire prévu à cet effet fill in the appropriate form; tout a été prévu pour qch/pour faire all the arrangements have been made for sth/to do; la salle a été prévue pour 100 personnes the room has been designed for 100 people; ‘prévoir deux jours pour le trajet’ ‘allow two days to get there’; les travaux n'ont pas été terminés dans les délais prévus the work was not completed within the allotted time ou the deadline;5 ( se munir de) prévoir qch to make sure one takes sth [vêtement, parapluie]; prévoir le repas de midi to bring a packed lunch;6 ( s'attendre à) [organisateur, hôte, gouvernement] to expect [personne]; to expect, to anticipate [postes d'emploi, pénurie, grève];7 ( allouer) to allow [somme d'argent]; [touriste, client] to allow [temps, durée]; [réparateur, déménageur, organisateur] ( fixer) to assign [durée].[prevwar] verbe transitifrien ne laissait prévoir qu'il nous quitterait si rapidement we never expected him to pass away so soon2. [projeter] to plantout est prévu pour les invités everything has been laid on ou arranged for the guests -
113 judge
I [dʒʌdʒ]1) 27 dir. giudice m.2) (adjudicator) (at competition) membro m. della giuria; sport giudice m. di gara3) fig.to be no judge of — non essere un conoscitore o intenditore di [art, wine]
••II 1. [dʒʌdʒ]to be as sober as a judge — (not drunk) = avere la mente lucida; (solemn) = avere un atteggiamento solenne o maestoso
1) giudicare [ person] (anche dir.)2) (adjudicate) fare da giudice, arbitro in [ competition]3) (estimate) (currently) valutare, stimare [distance, age]; (in the future) prevedere [outcome, reaction]4) (consider) considerare, ritenere2.verbo intransitivo giudicarejudging by o from... — a giudicare da
* * *1. verb1) (to hear and try (cases) in a court of law: Who will be judging this murder case?) giudicare2) (to decide which is the best in a competition etc: Is she going to judge the singing competition again?; Who will be judging the vegetables at the flower show?; Who is judging at the horse show?) giudicare, fare da giudice3) (to consider and form an idea of; to estimate: You can't judge a man by his appearance; Watch how a cat judges the distance before it jumps; She couldn't judge whether he was telling the truth.) giudicare; stimare4) (to criticize for doing wrong: We have no right to judge him - we might have done the same thing ourselves.) giudicare2. noun1) (a public officer who hears and decides cases in a law court: The judge asked if the jury had reached a verdict.) giudice2) (a person who decides which is the best in a competition etc: The judge's decision is final (= you cannot argue with the judge's decision); He was asked to be on the panel of judges at the beauty contest.) arbitro, giudice3) (a person who is skilled at deciding how good etc something is: He says she's honest, and he's a good judge of character; He seems a very fine pianist to me, but I'm no judge.) esperto•- judgment
- judging from / to judge from
- pass judgement on
- pass judgement* * *I [dʒʌdʒ]1) 27 dir. giudice m.2) (adjudicator) (at competition) membro m. della giuria; sport giudice m. di gara3) fig.to be no judge of — non essere un conoscitore o intenditore di [art, wine]
••II 1. [dʒʌdʒ]to be as sober as a judge — (not drunk) = avere la mente lucida; (solemn) = avere un atteggiamento solenne o maestoso
1) giudicare [ person] (anche dir.)2) (adjudicate) fare da giudice, arbitro in [ competition]3) (estimate) (currently) valutare, stimare [distance, age]; (in the future) prevedere [outcome, reaction]4) (consider) considerare, ritenere2.verbo intransitivo giudicarejudging by o from... — a giudicare da
-
114 trigger
1. nounbe quick on the trigger — (fig.) prompt reagieren
2) (that sets off reaction) Auslöser, der2. transitive verbtrigger [off] — auslösen
* * *['triɡə] 1. noun1) (a small lever on a gun, which is pulled to make the gun fire: He aimed the rifle at her but did not pull the trigger.) der Abzug2) (anything which starts a series of actions or reactions.) der Auslöser2. verb((often with off) to start (a series of events): The attack triggered (off) a full-scale war.) auslösen* * *trig·ger[ˈtrɪgəʳ, AM -ɚ]I. nto pull the \trigger abdrücken3.III. vt▪ to \trigger sth etw auslösento \trigger an alarm einen Alarm auslösen* * *['trɪgə(r)]1. n(of gun) Abzug(shahn) m, Drücker m (inf); (of bomb) Zünder m; (of cine camera, machine) Auslöser m; (ELEC) Trigger m2. vtauslösen; bomb zünden* * *trigger [ˈtrıɡə(r)]A spull the trigger abdrücken;a) schnell abdrücken,b) fig fix oder auf Draht umg (reaktionsschnell od schlagfertig) sein* * *1. nounbe quick on the trigger — (fig.) prompt reagieren
2) (that sets off reaction) Auslöser, der2. transitive verbtrigger [off] — auslösen
* * *v.ansteuern v.auslösen v. n.Abzug ¨-e m.Auslöser - m. -
115 Fermi, Enrico
[br]b. 29 September 1901 Rome, Italyd. 28 November 1954 Chicago, USA[br]Italian nuclear physicist.[br]Fermi was one of the most versatile of twentieth-century physicists, one of the few to excel in both theory and experiment. His greatest theoretical achievements lay in the field of statistics and his theory of beta decay. His statistics, parallel to but independent of Dirac, were the key to the modern theory of metals and the statistical modds of the atomic nucleus. On the experimental side, his most notable discoveries were artificial radioactivity produced by neutron bombardment and the realization of a controlled nuclear chain reaction, in the world's first nuclear reactor.Fermi received a conventional education with a chemical bias, but reached proficiency in mathematics and physics largely through his own reading. He studied at Pisa University, where he taught himself modern physics and then travelled to extend his knowledge, spending time with Max Born at Göttingen. On his return to Italy, he secured posts in Florence and, in 1927, in Rome, where he obtained the first Italian Chair in Theoretical Physics, a subject in which Italy had so far lagged behind. He helped to bring about a rebirth of physics in Italy and devoted himself to the application of statistics to his model of the atom. For this work, Fermi was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1938, but in December of that year, finding the Fascist regime uncongenial, he transferred to the USA and Columbia University. The news that nuclear fission had been achieved broke shortly before the Second World War erupted and it stimulated Fermi to consider this a way of generating secondary nuclear emission and the initiation of chain reactions. His experiments in this direction led first to the discovery of slow neutrons.Fermi's work assumed a more practical aspect when he was invited to join the Manhattan Project for the construction of the first atomic bomb. His small-scale work at Columbia became large-scale at Chicago University. This culminated on 2 December 1942 when the first controlled nuclear reaction took place at Stagg Field, Chicago, an historic event indeed. Later, Fermi spent most of the period from September 1944 to early 1945 at Los Alamos, New Mexico, taking part in the preparations for the first test explosion of the atomic bomb on 16 July 1945. President Truman invited Fermi to serve on his Committee to advise him on the use of the bomb. Then Chicago University established an Institute for Nuclear Studies and offered Fermi a professorship, which he took up early in 1946, spending the rest of his relatively short life there.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsNobel Prize for Physics 1938.Bibliography1962–5, Collected Papers, ed. E.Segrè et al., 2 vols, Chicago (includes a biographical introduction and bibliography).Further ReadingL.Fermi, 1954, Atoms in the Family, Chicago (a personal account by his wife).E.Segrè, 1970, Enrico Fermi, Physicist, Chicago (deals with the more scientific aspects of his life).LRD -
116 gut
I 1. [gʌt]1) colloq. (abdomen, belly) stomaco m., pancia f.2) anat. (intestine) intestino m.3) (for racket, bow) budello m., minugia f.2.1) (of human) budella f.; (of animal) interiora f., frattaglie f.; (of building) meandri m.2) (courage) coraggio m.sing., fegato m.sing.3.••II [gʌt]I hate his guts — pop. mi sta sullo stomaco
1) gastr. sventrare, pulire [ animal]* * *1. noun1) (the tube in the lower part of the body through which food passes.) intestino2) (a strong thread made from the gut of an animal, used for violin strings etc.) corda, minugia2. verb1) (to take the guts out of: Her job was to gut fish.) sventrare2) (to destroy completely, except for the outer frame: The fire gutted the house.) distruggere•- guts* * *[ɡʌt]1. n1) Anat intestino, (for violin, racket) minugia, budello2)guts npl — (fam: innards) budella fpl, (of animals) interiora fpl, (fig: courage) fegato
2. vt1) (poultry, fish) levare le interiora a, sventrare2)the blaze gutted the entire building — le fiamme hanno sventrato completamente l'edificio* * *gut /gʌt/A n.1 (spesso pl.) budella; intestino2 (pl.) (fig.) sostanza, succo: Let's get down to the guts of the matter, veniamo al succo della faccenda!;3 (pl.) [u] (fig.) coraggio; determinazione; risolutezza; grinta; fegato (fig.): to have the guts to do st., avere il fegato di fare qc.; sentirsela di fare qc.5 (naut.) gola; stretto6 (pl.) (fig.) frattaglie (fig.); ingranaggi, parti meccaniche: the guts of a car, gli ingranaggi di un'automobileB a. attr.( slang) emotivo; istintivo; profondamente sentito; che viene dal di dentro● gut feeling, sentimento istintivo □ gut reaction, reazione istintiva □ gut-scraper, strimpellatore di violino □ gut-wrenching, sconvolgente; angoscioso □ (fam. USA) to bust a gut, fare l'impossibile; fare i salti mortali (fig.); mettercela tutta □ (fig.) to feel st. in one's guts, sentirsi qc. nelle viscere □ ( slang) to hate sb. 's guts, non poter soffrire q.; avere q. sullo stomaco (fam.) □ (fam. USA) to spill one's guts, vuotare il sacco (fig.); confessare; mettere tutto in piazza □ to sweat (o to work) one's guts out, lavorare come un mulo; darci dentro (fam.) □ (fig. fam.) to turn sb. 's guts out, far rivoltare lo stomaco a q.(to) gut /gʌt/v. t.1 eviscerare; sbudellare; sventrare; pulire ( per cuocere): to gut a fowl, sventrare un pollo; to gut a fish, pulire un pesce* * *I 1. [gʌt]1) colloq. (abdomen, belly) stomaco m., pancia f.2) anat. (intestine) intestino m.3) (for racket, bow) budello m., minugia f.2.1) (of human) budella f.; (of animal) interiora f., frattaglie f.; (of building) meandri m.2) (courage) coraggio m.sing., fegato m.sing.3.••II [gʌt]I hate his guts — pop. mi sta sullo stomaco
1) gastr. sventrare, pulire [ animal] -
117 химическая реакция
химическая реакция
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chemical reaction
A change in which a substance is transformed into one or more new substances. (Source: MGH)
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118 chemische Reaktion
химическая реакция
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chemical reaction
A change in which a substance is transformed into one or more new substances. (Source: MGH)
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119 χάρις
χάρις, ιτος, ἡ (Hom.+) acc. quite predom. χάριν, but χάριτα Ac 24:27; 25:9 v.l.; Jd 4 and pl. χάριτας Ac 24:27 v.l.; 1 Cl 23:1 (Eur., Hel. 1378; Hdt. 6, 41; X., Hell. 3, 5, 16; ins, pap; Zech 4:7; 6:14; EpArist 272, pl. 230.—B-D-F §47, 3; W-S. §9, 7; Mayser 271f; Thackeray 150; Helbing 40f; Mlt-H. 132.—It seems that χάρις is not always clearly differentiated in mng. fr. χαρά; Apollodorus [II B.C.]: 244 Fgm. 90 Jac. says in the second book περὶ θεῶν: κληθῆναι δὲ αὐτὰς ἀπὸ μὲν τ. χαρᾶς Χάριτας• καὶ γὰρ πολλάκις … οἱ ποιηταὶ τ. χάριν χαρὰν καλοῦσιν ‘the [deities] Charites are so called from χαρά [joy], for poets freq. equate χάρις with χαρά’. Cp. the wordplay AcPl Ha 8, 7 χαρᾶς καὶ χάριτος the house was filled with gaiety and gratitude.).① a winning quality or attractiveness that invites a favorable reaction, graciousness, attractiveness, charm, winsomeness (Hom.+; Jos., Ant. 2, 231) of human form and appearance παῖς λίαν εὐειδής ἐν χάριτι an exceptionally fine-looking and winsome youth AcPl Ha 3, 13. Of speech (Demosth. 51, 9; Ps.-Demetr. [I A.D.], Eloc. §127; 133; 135 al.; Eccl 10:12; Sir 21:16; Jos., Ant. 18, 208) οἱ λόγοι τῆς χάριτος (gen. of quality) the gracious words Lk 4:22. ὁ λόγος ὑμῶν πάντοτε ἐν χάριτι let your conversation always be winsome Col 4:6 (cp. Plut., Mor. 514f; s. also HAlmqvist, Plut. u. das NT ’46, 121f; Epict. 3, 22, 90). τὸ πρόσωπον αὐτοῦ χάριτος ἐπληροῦτο MPol 12:1 can also be placed here in case χάρις means nothing more than graciousness (s. 4 below); prob. also GJs 7:3 (s. 3b).② a beneficent disposition toward someone, favor, grace, gracious care/help, goodwill (almost a t.t. in the reciprocity-oriented world dominated by Hellenic influence [cp. e.g. OGI 669, 29] as well as by the Semitic sense of social obligation expressed in the term חֶסֶד [NGlueck, Das Wort ḥesed in alttestamentlichen Sprachgebrauche etc. 1927]. Of a different order and spirit is the subset of reciprocity known as Roman patronage, in which superiority of the donor over the client is clearly maintained)ⓐ act., that which one grants to another, the action of one who volunteers to do someth. not otherwise obligatory χάρις θεοῦ ἦν ἐπʼ αὐτό Lk 2:40. ἡ χάρις τοῦ θεοῦ (cp. τῇ τοῦ θεοῦ Κλαυδίου χάριτι OGI 669, 29) Ac 11:2 D; 14:26. τοῦ κυρίου 15:40.—Esp. of the beneficent intention of God (cp. χ. in reference to God: Apollon. Rhod. 3, 1005 σοὶ θεόθεν χάρις ἔσσεται; Dio Chrys. 80 [30], 40 χ. τῶν θεῶν; Ael. Aristid. 13 p. 320 D.; 53 p. 620; Sextus 436b; likew. in LXX, Philo, Joseph.; SibOr 4, 46=189; 5, 330; Ezk. Trag. 162 [Eus., PE 9, 29, 12].—χ. to denote beneficent dispensations of the emperor: OGI 669, 44 [I A.D.]; BGU 19 I, 21 [II A.D.] χάρ. τοῦ θεοῦ Αὐτοκράτορος; 1085 II, 4) and of Christ, who give (undeserved) gifts to people; God: δικαιούμενοι δωρεὰν τῇ αὐτοῦ χάριτι Ro 3:24. Cp. 5:15a, 20f; 6:1; 11:5 (ἐκλογή 1), 6abc; Gal 1:15 (διά A 3e); Eph 1:6f (KKuhn, NTS 7, ’61, 337 [reff. to Qumran lit.]); 2:5, 7, 8; cp. Pol 1:3; 2 Th 1:12; 2:16; 2 Ti 1:9; Tit 2:11 (ἡ χάρ. τοῦ θεοῦ σωτήριος; s. Dibelius, Hdb. exc. after Tit 2:14); 3:7; Hb 2:9 (χωρίς 2aα); 4:16a (DdeSilva, JBL 115, ’96, 100–103); 1 Cl 50:3; ISm 9:2; IPol 7:3. ἐν χάρ[ιτι θεοῦ] AcPl Ha 7, 23 (restoration uncertain). κατὰ χάριν as a favor, out of goodwill (cp. Pla., Leg. 740c; schol. on Soph., Oed. Col. 1751 p. 468 Papag.) Ro 4:4 (opp. κατὰ ὀφείλημα), 16.—The beneficence or favor of Christ: διὰ τῆς χάριτος τοῦ κυρίου Ἰησοῦ πιστεύομεν σωθῆναι Ac 15:11. Cp. Ro 5:15b; 2 Cor 8:9; 1 Ti 1:14; IPhld 8:1. On Ac 2:47 in this sense s. TAnderson, NTS 34, ’88, 604–10.ⓑ pass., that which one experiences fr. another (Arrian, Anab. Alex. 3, 26, 4) χάριν ἔχειν have favor 3J 4 v.l. πρός τινα with someone=win his respect Ac 2:47 (cp. 2a end; cp. Pind., O. 7, 89f χάριν καὶ ποτʼ ἀστῶν καὶ ποτὶ ξείνων grant him respect in the presence of his townfolk as well as strangers); παρά τινι (Appian, Bell. Civ. 2, 89 §376) Hm 10, 3, 1, cp. 5, 1, 5. εὑρεῖν χάριν παρά τινι (Philo, Leg. All. 3, 77, end) Lk 1:30; Hs 5, 2, 10; ἐνώπιόν τινος Ac 7:46; GJs 11:2 (JosAs 15:14). ἐν τοῖς μέλλουσι μετανοεῖν among those who are about to repent Hm 12, 3, 3. Ἰησοῦς προέκοπτεν χάριτι παρὰ θεῷ καὶ ἀνθρώποις Lk 2:52 (an indication of exceptional ἀρετή, cp. Pind. above). Cp. Ac 4:33; 7:10 (ἐναντίον Φαραώ); Hb 4:16b.—ποία ὑμῖν χάρις ἐστίν; what credit is that to you? Lk 6:32–34; s. D 1:3; 2 Cl 13:4. Cp. 1 Cor 9:16 v.l. In these passages the mng. comes close to reward (s. Wetter [5 below] 209ff w. reff.).—Also by metonymy that which brings someone (God’s) favor or wins a favorable response fr. God 1 Pt 2:19, 20.ⓒ In Christian epistolary lit. fr. the time of Paul χάρις is found w. the sense (divine) favor in fixed formulas at the beginning and end of letters (Zahn on Gal 1:3; vDobschütz on 1 Th 1:1; ELohmeyer, ZNW 26, 1927, 158ff; APujol, De Salutat. Apost. ‘Gratia vobis et pax’: Verb. Dom. 12, ’32, 38–40; 76–82; WFoerster, TW II ’34, 409ff; Goodsp., Probs. 141f. S. also the lit. s.v. χαίρω 2b). At the beginning of a letter χάρις ὑμῖν καὶ εἰρήνη (sc. εἴη; New Docs 8, 127f) Ro 1:7; 1 Cor 1:3; 2 Cor 1:2; Gal 1:3; Eph 1:2; Phil 1:2; Col 1:2; 1 Th 1:1; 2 Th 1:2; Phlm 3; Rv 1:4; without ὑμῖν Tit 1:4. χάρις ὑμῖν καὶ εἰρήνη πληθυνθείη 1 Pt 1:2; 2 Pt 1:2; 1 Cl ins. χάρις, ἔλεος, εἰρήνη 1 Ti 1:2; 2 Ti 1:2; 2J 3 (on the triplet cp. En 5:7 φῶς καὶ χάρις καὶ εἰρήνη).—At the end ἡ χάρις (τοῦ κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ etc.) μεθʼ ὑμῶν (or μετὰ πάντων ὑμῶν etc.) Ro 16:20, 23 (24) v.l.; 1 Cor 16:23; 2 Cor 13:13; Gal 6:18; Eph 6:24; Phil 4:23; Col 4:18; 1 Th 5:28; 2 Th 3:18; 1 Ti 6:21; 2 Ti 4:22; Tit 3:15; Phlm 25; Hb 13:25; Rv 22:21; 1 Cl 65:2. ἔσται ἡ χάρις μετὰ πάντων τῶν φοβουμένων τὸν Κύριον GJs 25:2. ὁ κύριος τῆς δόξης καὶ πάσης χάριτος μετὰ τοῦ πνεύματος ὑμῶν B 21:9. χάρις ὑμῖν, ἔλεος, εἰρήνη, ὑπομονὴ διὰ παντός ISm 12:2. ἔρρωσθε ἐν χάριτι θεοῦ 13:2.③ practical application of goodwill, (a sign of) favor, gracious deed/gift, benefactionⓐ on the part of humans (X., Symp. 8, 36, Ages. 4, 3; Appian, Bell. Civ. 1, 49 §213; Dionys. Hal. 2, 15, 4) χάριν (-ιτα) καταθέσθαι τινί (κατατίθημι 2) Ac 24:27; 25:9. αἰτεῖσθαι χάριν 25:3 (in these passages from Ac χ. suggests [political] favor, someth. one does for another within a reciprocity system. Cp. Appian, Bell. Civ. 1, 108 §506 ἐς χάριν Σύλλα=as a favor to Sulla; ApcSed 8:1 οὐκ ἐποίησάς μοι χάριν=you did me no favor). ἵνα δευτέραν χάριν σχῆτε that you might have a second proof of my goodwill 2 Cor 1:15 (unless χάρις here means delight [so in poetry, Pind. et al., but also Pla., Isocr.; L-S-J-M s.v. χάρις IV; cp. also the quot. fr. Apollodorus at the beg. of the present entry, and the fact that χαρά is v.l. in 2 Cor 1:15]; in that case δευτέρα means double; but s. comm.). Of the collection for Jerusalem (cp. Appian, Bell. Civ. 3, 42 §173 χάριτας λαμβάνειν=receive gifts) 1 Cor 16:3; 2 Cor 8:4, 6f, 19 (DdeSilva, JBL 115, ’96, 101). Cp. B 21:7.—Eph 4:29 may suggest a demonstration of human favor (cp. Plut., Mor. 514e χάριν παρασκευάζοντες ἀλλήλοις), but a ref. to the means by which divine grace is mediated is not to be ruled out (s. b below).ⓑ on the part of God and Christ; the context will show whether the emphasis is upon the possession of divine favor as a source of blessings for the believer, or upon a store of favor that is dispensed, or a favored status (i.e. standing in God’s favor) that is brought about, or a gracious deed wrought by God in Christ, or a gracious work that grows fr. more to more (so in contrast to the old covenant Mel., P. 3, 16 al.). God is called ὁ θεὸς πάσης χάριτος 1 Pt 5:10, i.e. God, who is noted for any conceivable benefit or favor; cp. B 21:9.—χάριν διδόναι τινί show favor to someone (Anacr. 110 Diehl; Appian, Ital. 5 §10): τὸν δόντα αὐτῷ τὴν χάριν GJs 14:2. ταπεινοῖς δίδωσι χάριν (Pr 3:34) Js 4:6b; 1 Pt 5:5; 1 Cl 30:2; without a dat. Js 4:6a (Menand., Epitr. 231 S. [55 Kö.]). Perh. καὶ ἔβαλλε κύριος … χάριν ἐπʼ αὐτήν GJs 7:3 (but s. 1 above). The Logos is πλήρης χάριτος J 1:14. Those who belong to him receive of the fullness of his grace, χάριν ἀντὶ χάριτος vs. 16 (ἀντί 2). Cp. vs. 17. τὴν χάριν ταύτην ἐν ᾗ ἑστήκαμεν this favor (of God) we now enjoy Ro 5:2 (Goodsp.).—5:17; 1 Cor 1:4; 2 Cor 4:15 (divine beneficence in conversion); cp. Ac 11:23; 6:1; Gal 1:6 (by Christ’s gracious deed); 2:21; 5:4; Col 1:6; 2 Ti 2:1; Hb 12:15; 13:9; 1 Pt 1:10, 13; 3:7 (συνκληρονόμοι χάριτος ζωῆς fellow-heirs of the gift that spells life; s. ζωή 2bα); 5:12; 2 Pt 3:18; Jd 4; IPhld 11:1; ISm 6:2. Christians stand ὑπὸ χάριν under God’s gracious will as expressed in their release from legal constraint Ro 6:14f, or they come ὑπὸ τὸν ζυγὸν τῆς χάριτος αὐτοῦ 1 Cl 16:17 (ζυγός 1). The proclamation of salvation is the message of divine beneficence τὸ εὐαγγέλιον τῆς χάριτος τοῦ θεοῦ Ac 20:24 or ὁ λόγος τῆς χάριτος αὐτοῦ (=τοῦ κυρίου) 14:3; 20:32. Even the gospel message can be called ἡ χάρις τοῦ θεοῦ 13:43; cp. 18:27; MPol 2:3. τὸ πνεῦμα τῆς χάριτος the Spirit from or through whom (God’s) favor is shown Hb 10:29 (AArgyle, Grace and the Covenant: ET 60, ’48/49, 26f).—Pl. benefits, favors (Diod S 3, 2, 4; 3, 73, 6; Sb 8139, 4 [ins of I B.C.] of Isis; Jos., C. Ap. 2, 190) 1 Cl 23:1.—Nelson Glueck, Das Wort ḥesed etc. 1927, but s. FAndersen, ‘Yahweh, the Kind and Sensitive God’: God Who is Rich in Mercy, ed. PO’Brien/DPeterson ’86.④ exceptional effect produced by generosity, favor. Of effects produced by divine beneficence which go beyond those associated with a specific Christian’s status (ins μεγάλαι χάριτες τοῦ θεου: FCumont, Syria 7, 1926, 347ff), in the congregations of Macedonia 2 Cor 8:1 and Corinth 9:14; cp. vs. 8; in Rome AcPl Ha 7, 8. The Christian confessor is in full possession of divine grace ISm 11:1. Paul knows that through the χάρις of God he has been called to be an apostle, and that he has been fitted out w. the powers and capabilities requisite for this office fr. the same source: Ro 1:5; 12:3; 15:15; 1 Cor 3:10; 15:10ab (for the subject matter cp. Polyb. 12, 12b, 3 αὐτὸν [Alex. the Great] ὑπὸ τοῦ δαιμονίου τετευχέναι τούτων ὧν ἔτυχεν=whatever he has received he has received from what is divine. [For this reason he does not deserve any divine honors.]); 2 Cor 12:9; Gal 2:9; Eph 3:2, 7f; Phil 1:7.—The χάρις of God manifests itself in various χαρίσματα: Ro 12:6; Eph 4:7; 1 Pt 4:10. This brings into view a number of passages in which χάρις is evidently to be understood in a very concrete sense. It is hardly to be differentiated fr. δύναμις (θεοῦ) or fr. γνῶσις or δόξα (q.v. 1b. On this subj. s. Wetter [5 below] p. 94ff; esp. 130ff; pap in the GLumbroso Festschr. 1925, 212ff: χάρις, δύναμις, πνεῦμα w. essentially the same mng.; PGM 4, 2438; 3165; Herm. Wr. 1, 32; Just., D. 87, 5 ἀπὸ χάριτος τῆς δυνάμεως τοῦ πνεύματος). οὐκ ἐν σοφίᾳ σαρκικῇ ἀλλʼ ἐν χάριτι θεοῦ 2 Cor 1:12. οὐκ ἐγὼ δὲ ἀλλὰ ἡ χάρις τοῦ θεοῦ σὺν ἐμοί 1 Cor 15:10c. αὐξάνετε ἐν χάριτι καὶ γνώσει τοῦ κυρίου 2 Pt 3:18; cp. 1 Cl 55:3; B 1:2 (τῆς δωρεᾶς πνευματικῆς χάρις). Stephen is said to be πλήρης χάριτος καὶ δυνάμεως Ac 6:8. Divine power fills the Christian confessor or martyr w. a radiant glow MPol 12:1 (but s. 1 above). As the typical quality of the age to come, contrasted w. the κόσμος D 10:6.⑤ response to generosity or beneficence, thanks, gratitude (a fundamental component in the Gr-Rom. reciprocity system; exx. fr. later times: Diod S 11, 71, 4 [χάριτες=proofs of gratitude]; Appian, Syr. 3, 12; 13. Cp. Wetter [below] p. 206f) χάριν ἔχειν τινί be grateful to someone (Eur., Hec. 767; X., An. 2, 5, 14; Pla., Phlb. 54d; Ath. 2, 1; PLips 104, 14 [I B.C.] χάριν σοι ἔχω) foll. by ὅτι (Epict. 3, 5, 10; Jos., C. Ap. 1, 270; 2, 49) Lk 17:9 (ERiggenbach, NKZ 34, 1923, 439–43); mostly of gratitude to God or Christ; χάρις in our lit. as a whole, in the sense gratitude, refers to appropriate respone to the Deity for benefits conferred (Hom., Pind., Thu. et al.; ins, pap, LXX; Jos., Ant. 7, 208) χάριν ἔχω τῷ θεῷ (POxy 113, 13 [II A.D.] χάριν ἔχω θεοῖς πᾶσιν.—Epict. 4, 7, 9) 2 Ti 1:3; foll. by ὅτι because 1 Ti 1:12 (Herm. Wr. 6, 4 κἀγὼ χάριν ἔχω τῷ θεῷ …, ὅτι; Jos., Ant. 4, 316); χάριν ἔχειν ἐπί τινι be grateful for someth. Phlm 7 v.l. (to humans). ἔχωμεν χάριν let us be thankful (to God) Hb 12:28 (the reason for it is given by the preceding ptc. παραλαμβάνοντες). Elliptically (B-D-F §128, 6; cp. Rob. 1201f) χάρις (ἔστω) τῷ θεῷ (X., Oec. 8, 16 πολλὴ χάρις τοῖς θεοῖς; Epict. 4, 4, 7 χάρις τῷ θεῳ; BGU 843, 6 [I/II A.D.] χάρις τοῖς θεοῖς al. in pap since III B.C..—Philo, Rer. Div. Her. 309) Ro 7:25; MPol 3:1. Foll. by ὅτι (X., An. 3, 3, 14 τοῖς θεοῖς χάρις ὅτι; PFay 124, 16 τοῖς θεοῖς ἐστιν χάρις ὅτι; Epict. 4, 5, 9) Ro 6:17. Foll. by ἐπί τινι for someth. (UPZ 108, 30 [99 B.C.]) 2 Cor 9:15. The reason for the thanks is given in the ptc. agreeing w. τῷ θεῷ 2:14; 8:16; 1 Cor 15:57 (cp. Jos., Ant. 6, 145; Philo, Somn. 2, 213). Thankfulness (Appian, Bell. Civ. 3, 15 §51 πρός τινα=toward someone) χάριτι in thankfulness 10:30. So prob. also ἐν τῇ χάριτι in a thankful spirit Col 3:16 (Dibelius, Hdb. ad loc.). πλησθῆναι χαρᾶς καὶ χάριτος AcPl Ha 8, 7. S. εὐχαριστέω, end. Also PSchubert, Form and Function of the Pauline Thanksgivings ’39.—OLoew, Χάρις, diss., Marburg 1908; GWetter, Charis 1913; AvHarnack, Sanftmut, Huld u. Demut in der alten Kirche: JKaftan Festschr. 1920, 113ff; NBonwetsch, Zur Geschichte des Begriffs Gnade in der alten Kirche: Harnack Festgabe 1921, 93–101; EBurton, Gal ICC 1921, 423f; WWhitley, The Doctrine of Grace ’32; JMoffatt, Grace in the NT ’31; RWinkler, D. Gnade im NT: ZST 10, ’33, 642–80; RHomann, D. Gnade in d. Syn. Ev.: ibid. 328–48; JWobbe, D. Charisgedanke b. Pls ’32; RBultmann, Theologie des NT ’48, 283–310 (Paul); HBoers, Ἀγάπη and Χάρις in Paul’s Thought: CBQ 59, ’97, 693–713; on 2 Cor 8: FDanker, Augsburg Comm. 2 Cor, 116–34; PRousselot, La Grâce d’après St. Jean et d’après St. Paul: SR 18, 1928, 87–108, Christent. u. Wissensch. 8, ’32, 402–30; JMontgomery, Hebrew Hesed and Gk. Charis: HTR 32, ’39, 97–102; Dodd 61f; TTorrance, The Doctrine of Grace in the Apost. Fathers, ’48; JRenié, Studia Anselmiana 27f, ’51, 340–50; CRSmith, The Bible Doctrine of Grace, ’56; EFlack, The Concept of Grace in Bibl. Thought: Bibl. Studies in Memory of HAlleman, ed. Myers, ’60, 137–54; DDoughty, NTS 19, ’73, 163–80.—B. 1166. DELG. M-M. EDNT. TW. Spicq. Sv. -
120 faire
faire [fεʀ]━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━➭ TABLE 60━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► Lorsque faire est suivi d'un nom dans une locution comme faire une faute, se faire des idées, reportez-vous à l'autre mot.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━1. <━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► Lorsque faire est utilisé pour parler d'une activité non précisée, ou qu'il remplace un verbe plus spécifique, il se traduit par to do. Lorsque faire veut dire créer, préparer, fabriquer, il se traduit souvent par to make.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━• que fais-tu ce soir ? what are you doing tonight?• que voulez-vous qu'on y fasse ? what can be done about it?• faire 100 km/h to do 100km/h• je n'en ferai rien ! I'll do nothing of the sort!► faire de ( = utiliser) to do with• qu'avez-vous fait de votre sac ? what have you done with your bag?► ne faire quec. ( = créer, préparer, fabriquer) to maked. ( = constituer) c'est ce qui fait tout son charme that's what makes him so charming• faire du piano/du violon to play the piano/the violing. (Medicine) [+ diabète, attaque] to haveh. ( = chercher dans) il a fait toute la ville pour en trouver he's been all over town looking for somei. ( = vendre) nous ne faisons pas cette marque we don't stock that make• je vous le fais à 700 € I'll let you have it for 700 eurosj. ( = mesurer, peser, coûter) to be• combien fait cette chaise ? how much is this chair?• ça fait 130 € that's 130 euros• cela fait combien en tout ? how much is that altogether?k. ( = agir sur, importer) ils ne peuvent rien me faire they can't do anything to me• on ne me la fait pas à moi ! (inf) I wasn't born yesterday!• qu'est-ce que cela peut bien te faire ? what's it to you?• cela ne vous ferait rien de sortir ? would you mind leaving the room?• ne fais pas l'enfant/l'idiot don't be so childish/so stupid• tu fais l'arbitre ? will you be referee?• quel imbécile je fais ! what a fool I am!n. ( = dire) to say• « vraiment ? » fit-il "really?" he saido. (Grammar) « canal » fait »canaux » au pluriel the plural of "canal" is "canaux"2. <• as-tu payé la note ? -- non, c'est lui qui l'a fait did you pay the bill? -- no, he did• puis-je téléphoner ? -- faites, je vous en prie could I use the phone? -- yes, of courseb. ( = agir) faire vite to act quickly• faites vite ! be quick!c. ( = paraître) to look3. <► il fait━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► cela or ça fait... que• cela fait très longtemps que je ne l'ai pas vu I haven't seen him for a very long time it's a long time since I saw him• ça fait que... that means...4. <a. ( = pousser à) to make• faire faire qch par qn to get sth made (or done) by sb• faire faire qch à qn to get sb to do (or to make) sth ; (en le forçant) to make sb do (or make) sthc. ( = laisser) faire entrer qn (qn que l'on attendait) to let sb in ; (qn que l'on n'attendait pas) to ask sb in5. <► se fairea. (pour soi)b. ( = être fait) si ça doit se faire, ça se fera sans moi if it's going to happen, it'll happen without mec. ( = être convenable, courant) ça se fait d'offrir des fleurs à un homme ? is it OK to give flowers to a man?d. (locutions)• se faire beau to make o.s. look nice• sa voix se fit plus douce his voice became softer► se faire + infinitif• faut se le faire ! (inf!) he's a real pain in the neck! (inf)► se faire à ( = s'habituer à) to get used to• il ne s'en fait pas ! he's got a nerve!► il se fait que• comment se fait-il qu'il soit absent ? how come he's not here? (inf)* * *fɛʀ
1.
1) ( produire) to make2) ( façonner) to shape [histoire, période]3) ( étudier) to do [licence, sujet]faire du violon — to study ou play the violin
4) ( préparer) to make [soupe, thé]; to prepare [salade]5) ( nettoyer) to do, to clean [vitres]; to clean, to polish [chaussures]7) ( cultiver)faire des céréales — [personne] to grow ou do cereals; [région] to produce cereals
8) ( se fournir en)faire de l'eau — Nautisme, Chemin de Fer to take on water
faire (de) l'essence — (colloq) Automobile to get petrol GB ou gas US
9) ( parcourir) to do [distance, trajet]; to go round [magasins, agences]; ( visiter) to do (colloq) [région, musées]10) ( souffrir de) to have [diabète, tension, complexe]11) ( demander un prix)faire quelque chose à 30 francs — to sell something for 30 francs, to charge 30 francs for something
12) ( servir de) to serve as13) (user, disposer de) to doje n'en ai rien à faire — (colloq) I couldn't care less
14) ( avoir un effet)que veux-tu que j'y fasse? — what do you want me to do about it?, what am I supposed to do about it?
ça y fait — (colloq) it has an effect
pour ce que ça fait! — (colloq) for all the good it does!
qu'est-ce que ça peut bien te faire? — (colloq) what is it to you?
15) (entraîner, causer)l'explosion a fait 12 morts — the explosion killed 12 people, the explosion left 12 people dead
ça ne fait rien! — ( pas grave) it doesn't matter!
ça fait ou ce qui fait que j'ai oublié — (colloq) as a result I forgot
16) ( transformer) to makefaire d'un garage un atelier — to make ou turn a garage into a workshop
17) ( proclamer)18) ( imiter)19) ( tenir le rôle de) to be20) ( dans un souhait)mon Dieu, faites qu'il réussisse! — God, please let him succeed!
21) (colloq) ( tromper)22) ( dire) to say‘bien sûr,’ fit-elle — ‘of course,’ she said
le canard fait ‘coin-coin’ — the duck says ou goes ‘quack’
2.
verbe intransitif1) ( agir) to do, to actvas-y, mais fais vite! — go, but be quick about it!
fais comme chez toi — lit, iron make yourself at home
2) ( paraître) to look3) (colloq) ( être) to be4) ( durer) to last5) ( valoir)6) ( pour les besoins naturels) to go7) (colloq)faire avec — ( se contenter de) to make do with; ( supporter) to put up with
3.
se faire verbe pronominal1)combien se fait-il (colloq) par mois? — how much does he make a month?
2) ( devenir) to get, to become3) ( se rendre)4) ( s'inquiéter)il ne s'en fait pas! — ( sans inquiétude) he's not the sort of person to worry about things!; ( pas gêné) he's got a nerve!
5) ( s'habituer)se faire à — to get used to [lieu, situation, idée]
6) ( être d'usage)7) ( être à la mode) to be in (fashion)ça ne se fait plus — it's no longer fashionable, it's out of fashion
8) ( être produit)9) ( emploi impersonnel)comment se fait-il que...? — how is it that...?
10) [fromage] to ripen; [vin] to mature11) (colloq)il faut se le faire, son copain! — his/her mate is a real pain! (colloq)
12) ( avec infinitif)
••
Un très grand nombre de tournures et locutions contenant ce verbe sont traitées ailleurs, généralement sous le terme qui suit faire, en particulier- les expressions décrivant les tâches domestiques, agricoles (faire la cuisine/moisson), les occupations manuelles (faire du tricot/bricolage), les activités professionnelles ou de loisir (faire du théâtre/de la photo), les types d'études ( faire médecine). Pour ce qui est des jeux, sports et loisirs, voir également la note d'usage correspondante- les locutions décrivant un mouvement, l'expression, un comportement (faire un geste/une grimace/le pitre)- les expressions dans lesquelles faire signifie ‘formuler’ (faire une promesse/offre etc)- les expressions décrivant la qualité de la lumière (il fait jour/sombre) ou l'état du temps- les expressions contenant une mesure (faire 20 mètres de long/15 kilos/20°/15 kilomètres à l'heure etc) pour lesquelles on consultera les notes d'usage- les expressions décrivant une démarche de l'esprit (se faire une opinion/du souci etc)- les expressions indiquant l'effet produit (faire peur/mal/plaisir/du tort etc, faire cuire/sécher/tomber etc)- les locutions telles que faire semblant/exprès, se faire avoir etc- une activité sportive (faire du tennis/de la marche/du parapente)la consultation des notes d'usage vous fournira des traductions utiles. Voir la listeEn outre, certaines entrées telles que combien, ce, que, comment, laisser, rien, mieux, bien etc fourniront également des traductions utilesTo make ou to do?Les principales traductions de faire sont to make et to do mais elles ne sont pas interchangeablesto make traduit faire + objet dénotant ce qui est créé, confectionné, composé, réalisé, obtenu; l'objet est le résultat de l'action: faire son lit/des confitures = to make one's bed/jam; faire un discours/une faute/un bénéfice = to make a speech/a mistake/a profit; je me suis fait un café = I made myself a coffeeto do a le sens plus vague de se livrer à une activité, s'occuper à quelque chose; l'objet peut préciser la nature de l'activité: faire de la recherche/un exercice/une réparation = to do research/an exercise/a repair job; faire son devoir = to do one's dutyou bien la nature de l'activité reste indéterminée: que fait-il (dans la vie)? = what does he do in life?; qu'est-ce que tu fais ce soir? = what are you doing tonight?; la science peut tout faire = science can do anything; j'ai à faire = I have things to doou encore le contexte suggère la nature de l'activité: faire une pièce = to do a room, peut vouloir dire la nettoyer, la ranger, la peindreSi faire remplace un verbe plus précis, on traduira fréquemment par celui-ci: faire une maison/un nid = to build a house/a nest; faire une lettre = to write a letter; faire une visite = to pay a visit; faire un numéro de téléphone = to dial a numberLes périphrases verbales sont parfois rendues par un seul verbe: faire voir (= montrer) = to show; faire du tissage (= tisser) = to weave, mais faire un peu de tissage = to do a bit of weavingFaire + infinitif + quelqu'unfaire + infinitive + quelqu'un, c'est-à-dire obtenir de quelqu'un qu'il agisse d'une certaine manière, se traduit selon le sens de faire, par: to make somebody do something (forcer, être cause que): fais-la lever = make her get up; ça m'a fait rire = it made me laugh; ça fait dormir = it makes you sleep; par to get somebody to do something (inciter): fais-leur prendre un rendez-vous = get them to make an appointment; par to help somebody to do something (aider): faire traverser la rue à un vieillard = to help an old man across the street; mais faire manger un bébé = to feed a child. Dans l'exemple ça fait dormir on notera qu'en anglais le sujet du verbe est toujours exprimé, ce qui n'est pas le cas en français(se) faire faire quelque chose (par quelqu'un) se traduit par to have something done ou made (by somebody), ou, dans une langue plus familière, to get something done ou made (by somebody): (se) faire construire une maison = to have a house built; faire réparer sa voiture = to have ou get one's car repaired; c'est la table qu'il a fait faire = it's the table he had made; elle fait exécuter les travaux par un ami = she's having the work done by a friendexprime soit la continuité: il ne fait que pleuvoir = it never stops raining, it rains all the timesoit la restriction: je ne fais qu'obéir aux ordres = I'm only obeying ordersDans ce cas il sera généralement traduit par to do: ‘je peux regarder? ’ - ‘faites ou faites je vous en prie ’ = ‘may I look?’ - ‘please do’; il souffla, comme il avait vu faire son père = he blew, as he had seen his father do; on veut que je parte, mais je n'en ferai rien = they want me to leave, but I'll do nothing of the sort* * *fɛʀ1. vt1) (= fabriquer) to makeIls font trop de bruit. — They're making too much noise.
2) (= effectuer) to dofaire la vaisselle — to do the dishes, to do the washing up
3) [études, sujet] to doIl fait de l'italien. — He's doing Italian.
4) (pratiquer régulièrement) [musique, rugby] to playIl fait du piano. — He plays the piano.
6) (= visiter)faire l'Europe — to tour Europe, to do Europe
7) (= imiter)8) (= mesurer, totaliser) to be, to make2 et 2 font 4. — 2 and 2 are 4., 2 and 2 make 4.
Ça fait 10 m. — It's 10 m.
Ça fait 15 euros. — It's 15 euros.
Ça fait cinquante-trois euros en tout. — That's fifty-three euros all together., That makes fifty-three euros all together.
Je vous le fais 10 euros. — I'll let you have it for 10 euros.
9) (= dire) to go"Vraiment?" fit-il. — "Really?" he goes.
10) (= souffrir de) [diabète, eczéma] to haveIl regrettait ce qu'il avait fait à son frère. — He was sorry for what he had done to his brother.
faire que (= impliquer que) — to mean that
ce qui fait que... — which means that...
ne faire que (= ne pas arrêter de) Il ne fait que critiquer. — All he ever does is criticize.
2. vi1) (= agir) to actIl faut faire vite. — We must act quickly., It's important to act quickly.
2) (= s'y prendre)comment a-t-il fait pour...? — how did he manage to...?
3) (= paraître) (avec adjectif) to lookTu fais jeune dans cette robe. — That dress makes you look younger.
4) (remplaçant autre verbe) to doNe le casse pas comme je l'ai fait. — Don't break it like I did.
Remets-le en place. - Je viens de le faire. — Put it back in its place.- I just did.
3. vb aux(suivi d'un infinitif) to makefaire tomber qch — to make sth fall, to knock sth over
Le chat a fait tomber le vase. — The cat knocked over the vase.
faire travailler les enfants — to make the children work, to get the children to work
faire réparer qch — to get sth repaired, to have sth repaired
Je dois faire réparer ma voiture. — I've got to get my car repaired.
Elle fait faire des travaux dans sa maison. — She's having some work done on her house.
Il a fait faire son portrait. — He's had his portrait done.
Cela fait faire des économies au consommateur. — This saves the consumer money.
4. vb impers (temps)to beEspérons qu'il fera beau demain. — Let's hope it'll be nice weather tomorrow.
1) (durée)ça fait trois ans qu'ils habitent à Paris — they've lived in Paris for three years, they've been living in Paris for three years
il fait bon; Il fait bon se promener dans cette région. — It's nice to go walking in this area.
Il ne fait pas bon traîner ici le soir. — It's not a good idea to hang around here at night.
* * *faire ⇒ Note d'usage verb table: faireA vtr1 (donner, émettre, produire) to make; le raisin fera un vin excellent the grapes will make ou produce (an) excellent wine; cet arbre fait des fleurs/baies this tree produces flowers/berries; le garage ferait une belle pièce the garage would make a nice room; ils font un beau couple they make a handsome couple; il fera un bon médecin he'll make a good doctor; les qualités qui font un champion the qualities which make a champion; trois et deux font cinq three and two make five; ça fait deux chacun that makes two each; combien font 13 fois 13? what's 13 times 13?; œil fait yeux au pluriel œil is yeux in the plural;2 fig ( façonner) to shape [période]; les événements qui font l'histoire events which shape history;3 ( étudier) to do [licence, diplôme]; on a fait la Chine en géographie we did China in geography; faire du violon to study ou play the violin; tu as fait ton piano? have you practised your piano?; faire une école de commerce/les Beaux-Arts to go to business school/art college;4 ( préparer) to make [sauce, soupe, thé]; to prepare [salade]; faire du poulet to do ou cook a chicken; qu'est-ce que je fais pour le déjeuner? what shall I cook ou prepare for lunch?;6 ( proposer) Comm to do [service, marque]; ( vendre) to do, to sell [article]; ils ne font pas le petit déjeuner/les réparations they don't do breakfast/repairs; je fais beaucoup ce modèle en ce moment I'm selling a lot of this particular model at the moment; l'hôtel fait-il restaurant? does the hotel do meals, does the hotel have a restaurant?;7 (cultiver, produire) Agric faire des céréales [personne] to grow ou do cereals; [région] to produce cereals;8 ( se fournir en) faire de l'eau Naut, Rail to take on water; faire (de) l'essence○ Aut to get petrol GB ou gas US; faire du bois dans la forêt to gather wood in the forest; faire de l'herbe pour les bêtes to cut grass for the animals;9 ( parcourir) to do [distance, trajet]; to go round [magasins, agences]; ( visiter) to do○ [région, ville, musées]; faire 200 kilomètres to do 200 kilometresGB; faire Rome-Nice en avion to do the Rome-Nice journey by plane; représentant qui fait○ la région parisienne rep○ who does the Paris area; j'ai dû faire toute la ville/toutes les boutiques pour trouver ça I had to go all over town/round GB ou around US all the shops to find this; faire la vallée de la Loire to do○ the Loire Valley; faire l'Écosse to visit Scotland; j'ai fait tous les tiroirs mais je ne l'ai pas trouvé I went through all the drawers but I couldn't find it;10 ( dans le domaine de la santé) to have [diabète, tension, complexe]; faire une crise cardiaque to have a heart attack; faire de la fièvre○ to have ou run a temperature; faire de l'angine de poitrine to get angina; elle m'a encore fait une otite○! she's had another ear-infection!;11 ( demander un prix) faire qch à 30 euros to sell sth for 30 euros, to charge 30 euros for sth; il me l'a fait à 500 euros he charged me ou sold it to me for 500 euros;12 ( servir de) to serve as; ce coin fera bureau this corner will serve as a study;13 (user, disposer de) to do; que vais-je faire des bagages/enfants? what am I going to do with the luggage/children?; qu'as-tu fait du billet? what have you done with the ticket?; pour ce qu'elle en fait! for all she does with it/them!; pour quoi faire? what for?; je n'ai que faire de I have no need for; je n'en ai rien à faire it's nothing to do with me;14 ( avoir un effet) faire plus de mal que de bien to do more harm than good; qu'as-tu fait à ta sœur? what have you done to your sister?; que veux-tu que j'y fasse? what do you want me to do about it?, what am I supposed to do about it?; le cachet ne m'a rien fait the tablet didn't do anything, the tablet had no effect; ça y fait it has an effect; leur départ ne m'a rien fait their departure didn't affect me at all, their departure left me cold; ça me fait quelque chose de la voir dans cet état it upsets me to see her in that state; ça fait quelque chose pour la grippe? is it any good for flu?; pour ce que ça fait! for all the good it does!; ça ne vous fait rien que je fume? do you mind ou does it bother you if I smoke?; ça ne fait rien à la chose it doesn't alter ou change anything, it makes no difference; qu'est-ce que ça peut bien te faire? what is it to you?;15 (entraîner, causer) faire des jaloux to make some people jealous; ça a fait leur fortune it made them rich; l'explosion a fait 12 morts the explosion killed 12 people, the explosion left 12 people dead; ne t'inquiète pas, ça ne fait rien! don't worry, it doesn't matter!; ça fait ou ce qui fait que j'ai oublié○ as a result I forgot; ‘qu'est-ce que j'ai fait?’-‘tu as fait que tu as menti○’ ‘what have I done?’-‘you lied, that's what you've done’; faites que tout se passe bien make sure that all goes well;16 ( transformer) to make; l'armée en a fait un homme the army made a man of him; ils veulent en faire un avocat they want to make a lawyer of him; elle en a fait sa confidente she's made her her confidante; ça a fait de lui un révolté it turned him into a rebel, it made him a rebel; j'en ai fait un principe I made it a principle; faire d'un garage un atelier to make ou turn a garage into a workshop; faire sien qch to make sth one's own;17 ( proclamer) faire qn duc/général to make sb a duke/general; la presse l'a fait diplomate ( à tort) the press made him out to be a diplomat; ne le fais pas pire qu'il n'est! don't make him out to be worse than he is!, don't paint him blacker than he is!;18 ( imiter) faire le malade/le courageux to pretend to be ill/brave; faire l'ignorant or celui qui ne sait rien to pretend not to know; faire le dictateur to act the dictator;19 ( tenir le rôle de) to be; quel plaisantin vous faites! what a joker you are!; vous ferez les voleurs! Jeux you be the robbers!; l'acteur qui fait le roi○ Cin, Théât the actor who plays the part of the king, the actor who is the king;20 ( dans un souhait) mon Dieu, faites qu'il réussisse! God, please let him succeed!; Dieu or le ciel fasse qu'il ne leur arrive rien! may God ou Heaven protect them!;21 ○( tromper) il me l'a fait au baratin/chantage he talked/blackmailed me into it; on ne me la fait pas! I'm not a fool!, I wasn't born yesterday!B vi1 (agir, procéder) to do, to act; je n'ai pas pu faire autrement I couldn't do otherwise; fais comme tu veux do as you like; elle peut faire mieux she can do better; dans ces situations, il faut faire vite in that sort of situation, one must act quickly; vas-y, mais fais vite! go, but be quick about it!; fais comme chez toi lit, iron make yourself at home;2 ( paraître) to look; faire jeune/son âge to look young/one's age; ça fait bien avec du bleu it looks nice with blue; tes lunettes font très distingué your glasses make you look very distinguished; il croit que ça fait chic de dire ça he thinks it's chic to say that;3 ( être) to be; il veut faire pompier he wants to be a fireman;4 ( dire) to say; ‘bien sûr,’ fit-elle ‘of course,’ she said; le canard fait ‘coin-coin’ the duck says ou goes ‘quack’; faire plouf/aïe etc to go plop/ouch etc;5 ( durer) to last; sa robe lui a fait deux ans her dress lasted her two years;6 (+ adverbe de quantité) ça fait cher/grand/trop etc it is expensive/big/too much etc;7 ( pour les besoins naturels) to go; tu as fait? have you been?; faire dans sa culotte ( déféquer) to dirty one's pants; ( uriner) to wet one's pants; fig to wet oneself;8 ○ faire avec ( se contenter de) to make do with [personne, objet, quantité]; ( supporter) to put up with [personne, situation]; elle est là, et il faudra faire avec she's here, and we'll have to put up with her.C se faire vpr1 (confectionner, exécuter, obtenir pour soi) se faire un café to make oneself a coffee; se faire de l'argent/des amis to make money/friends; se faire ses vêtements to make one's own clothes; se faire la cuisine soi-même to do one's own cooking; combien se fait-il par mois? how much does he make a month? ; se faire un mec◑ to have◑ a man;2 ( devenir) (+ adjectif attribut) to get, to become; (+ nom attribut) to become; il se fait vieux he's getting old; il se fait tard it's getting late; sa voix se fit dure his/her voice hardened ou became hard; se faire avocat to become a lawyer;3 ( se rendre) se faire belle/tout petit to make oneself beautiful/very small;4 ( s'inquiéter) s'en faire to worry; il ne s'en fait pas! ( sans inquiétude) he's not the sort of person to worry about things!; ( pas gêné) he's got a nerve!;5 ( s'habituer) se faire à to get used to [lieu, situation, idée]; je ne m'y fais pas I can't get used to it;6 ( être d'usage) ça se fait encore ici it's still done here; ça ne se fait pas de manger avec les doigts it's not the done thing ou it's not polite to eat with one's fingers;7 ( être à la mode) [couleur, style] to be in (fashion); le tweed se fait beaucoup cette année tweed is very much in this year; ça ne se fait plus it's no longer fashionable, it's out of fashion;8 ( être produit ou accompli) c'est ce qui se fait de mieux it's the best there is; le mariage s'est fait à Paris the wedding took place in Paris; le pont se fera bien un jour the bridge will be built one day; souhaitons que la paix se fasse let's hope there'll be peace;9 ( emploi impersonnel) il se fit que it (so) happened that; il se fit un grand silence there was complete silence; il s'est fait un déclic dans mon esprit something clicked in my mind; il pourrait se faire que je parte I might leave; comment se fait-il que…? how is it that…?;10 ( mûrir) [fromage] to ripen; [vin] to mature;11 ○( supporter) to put up with, to endure [importun]; il faut se le faire, son copain! his/her mate is a real pain○!;12 ( avec infinitif) se faire couler un bain to run oneself a bath; se faire comprendre to make oneself understood; se faire agresser to get mugged; tu vas te faire écraser! you'll get run over![fɛr] verbe transitifA.[FABRIQUER, RÉALISER]1. [confectionner - objet, vêtement] to make ; [ - construction] to build ; [ - tableau] to paint ; [ - film] to make ; [ - repas, café] to make, to prepare ; [ - gâteau, pain] to make, to bake ; [ - vin] to make ; [ - bière] to brew[concevoir - thèse, dissertation] to dogrand-mère est super — oui, on n'en fait plus des comme ça! (familier) grandma's great — yes, they broke the mould when they made her!2. [produire, vendre]faire du blé/de la vigne to grow wheat/grapesfaire une marque/un produit to stock a make/an articleje vous fais les deux à 350 euros (familier) you can have both for 350 euros, I'll take 350 euros for both3. [obtenir, gagner - bénéfices] to makefaire de l'argent to earn ou to make money4. [mettre au monde]5. PHYSIOLOGIEB.[ACCOMPLIR, EXÉCUTER]1. [effectuer - mouvement, signe] to make[saut périlleux, roue] to do2. [accomplir - choix, erreur, réforme, proposition] to make ; [ - inventaire] to do ; [ - discours] to deliver, to make, to give ; [ - conférence] to give ; [ - exercice] to do ; [ - recherches] to do, to carry out (separable) ; [ - enquête] to carry out (separable)on me l'a déjà faite, celle-là I know that one already[suivre les cours de]4. [pratiquer]faire de la flûte/du violon to play the flute/the violinfaire de l'équitation/de la natation/de la voile to go horseriding/swimming/sailingfaire du basket/du tennis to play basketball/tennis6. [dire] to sayil fit oui/non de la tête he nodded/he shook his head"non", fit-elle "no", she saidla vache fait "meuh!" the cow goes "moo!"8. [action non précisée] to dofaire quelque chose de quelqu'un/quelque chose: qu'ai-je fait de mes clefs ? what have I done with ou where did I put my keys ?donne-le moi! — non, rien à faire! give it to me! — nothing doing ou no way!tu lui as parlé ? — oui, mais rien à faire, il ne cédera pas did you talk to him ? — yes, but it's no use, he won't give inje vais vous raccompagner — n'en faites rien! (soutenu) I'll take you back — there's really no need!j'apprécie peu sa façon de travailler mais il faut bien faire avec! I don't like the way he works but I suppose I'll just have to put up with it!autant que faire se peut if possible, as far as possiblemais bien sûr, tu n'as que faire de ma carrière! but of course, my career matters very little to you! ou you don't care about my career!C.[AVEC IDÉE DE DÉPLACEMENT]1. [se déplacer à la vitesse de]le train peut faire jusqu'à 400 km/h the train can do 400 km/h2. [couvrir - distance]le Concorde fait Paris-New York en moins de quatre heures Concorde goes ou flies from Paris to New York in less than fours hours[inspecter, passer au crible]a. [j'y suis allé] I did ou went to ou tried every hotel in townb. [j'ai téléphoné] I called ou did ou tried every hotel in townD.[AVEC IDÉE DE TRANSFORMATION]1. [nommer]elle l'a fait baron she gave him the title of Baron, she made him a baron2. [transformer en]faire quelque chose de quelqu'un/quelque chose: des rats, la fée fit des laquais the fairy changed the rats into footmengarde les restes, j'en ferai une soupe keep the leftovers, I'll make a soup with themc'était un tyran et votre livre en fait un héros! he was a tyrant, and your book shows ou presents him as a hero!3. [devenir]"cheval" fait "chevaux" au pluriel the plural of "cheval" is "chevaux"4. [servir de]une fois plié, le billard fait table the billiard table, when folded, can be used ou can serve as a normal table5. [remplir un rôle, une fonction]il fera un bon mari he'll make ou be a good husbandE.[INDIQUE UN RÉSULTAT]1. [provoquer]ça va faire une marque/une auréole it will leave a mark/a ringl'accident a fait cinq morts the accident left five dead ou claimed five livesfaire quelque chose à quelqu'un [l'émouvoir] to move somebody, to affect somebodyla vue du sang ne me fait rien I don't mind the sight of blood, the sight of blood doesn't bother mefaire que: la gravitation, force qui fait que les objets s'attirent gravitation, the force which causes objects to be attracted towards each other[pour exprimer un souhait]2. [importer]qu'est-ce que cela peut faire? what does it matter ?, so what?cela ne fait rien it doesn't matter, never mindF.[INDIQUE UNE QUALITÉ, UNE FORME, UNE MESURE]1. [former]on a dix euros, ça ne fait pas assez we've got ten euros, that's not enough4. [mesurer][taille, pointure][peser]je fais 56 kg I weigh ou am 56 kg5. [indique la durée, le temps]elle a téléphoné, cela fait bien une heure she phoned at least an hour agoG.[VERBE ATTRIBUTIF]1. [paraître]la broche fait bien ou joli ou jolie sur ta robe the brooch looks nice on your dresselle parle avec un léger accent, il paraît que ça fait bien! she talks with a slight accent, it's supposed to be smart!ça fait comment ou quoi de voir son nom sur une affiche? what's it like to see your name on a poster ?2. (familier) [devenir, embrasser la carrière de] to beH.[VERBE DE SUBSTITUTION] (toujours en rappel du verbe utilisé)vous le lui expliquerez mieux que je ne saurais le faire you'll explain it to her better than I couldtu lui écriras ? — oui, je le ferai will you write to him ? — yes I willpuis-je prendre cette chaise ? — (mais) faites donc! (soutenu) may I take this chair ? — please do ou by all means!————————[fɛr] verbe intransitif[agir] to dofais comme chez toi [à l'arrivée de quelqu'un] make yourself at homefais comme tu veux! [ton irrité] suit yourself!je le lui ai rendu — tu as bien fait! I gave it back to him — you did the right thing ou you did right!pourquoi l'as-tu acheté ? — je croyais bien faire! why did you buy it ? — I thought it was a good idea!tu ferais bien d'y réfléchir you'd do well to ou you should ou you'd better think about it!pour bien faire, il faudrait réserver aujourd'hui the best thing would be to book today, ideally we should book today————————[fɛr] verbe impersonnel1. MÉTÉOROLOGIEil fait chaud/froid it's hot/cold2. (locution)————————[fɛr] verbe auxiliaire1. [provoquer une réaction]ça me fait dormir it puts ou sends me to sleepa. [pour qu'il s'impatiente] let him waitb. [en lui demandant] ask him to waitn'essaie pas de me faire croire que... don't try to make ou to have me believe that...3. [commander de]fairefaire quelque chose par quelqu'un to have somebody do ou make something, to have something done ou made by somebody————————faire dans verbe plus préposition————————se faire verbe pronominal (emploi réfléchi)1. [réussir]2. [se forcer à]se faire pleurer/vomir to make oneselfcry/vomit————————se faire verbe pronominal (emploi réciproque)————————se faire verbe pronominal (emploi passif)2. [être convenable]ça ne se fait pas de demander son âge à une femme it's rude ou it's not done to ask a woman her age3. [être réalisé]je dois signer un nouveau contrat, mais je ne sais pas quand cela va se faire I'm going to sign a new contract, but I don't know when that will betu pourrais me prêter 1 500 euros ? — ça pourrait se faire could you lend me 1,500 euros ? — that should be possiblecomment se fait-il que... ? how come ou how is it that... ?il pourrait se faire que... it might ou may be that..., it's possible that...————————se faire verbe pronominal intransitif1. [se former]3. [devenir] to becomes'il arrive à l'heure, je veux bien me faire nonne! (familier) if he arrives on time, I'll eat my hat!————————se faire verbe pronominal transitif1. [fabriquer]2. [effectuer sur soi][se maquiller]3. (familier) [gagner]elle se fait 4000 euros par mois she earns 4,000 euros per month, she gets 4,000 euros every month4. (familier) [s'accorder]on se fait un film/un petit café ? what about going to see a film/going for a coffee ?5. (familier) [supporter][agresser] to beat up————————se faire à verbe pronominal plus préposition————————s'en faire verbe pronominal intransitifelle s'en souviendra, ne t'en fais pas! she'll remember, don't you worry!encore au lit ? tu ne t'en fais pas! still in bed ? you're taking it easy, aren't you ?
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