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Tiberine

  • 1 Tiberis

    Tĭbĕris, is, also contr., Tibris ( Ty-bris), is or ĭdis, m.
    I.
    The river Tiber, now Tevere:

    Tiberis antea Tybris appellatus et prius Albula,

    Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 53; cf. Liv. 1, 3.
    (α).
    Form Tiberis, Mel. 2, 4, 9; Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 53; Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 4 (Ann. v. 453 Vahl.); Cic. Att. 13, 33, 4; 12, 19, 1; id. Rosc. Am. 35, 100; id. Mil. 15, 41; Liv. 1, 7; 5, 13; 24, 9; 30, 38; Hor. C. 1, 2, 13; 1, 29, 12; 2, 3, 18; id. S. 1, 9, 18; 2, 1, 8; 2, 3, 292; id. Ep. 1, 11, 19. —
    (β).
    Form Tibris (Tybris;

    only in the poets), Verg A. 2, 782: Tibrim,

    id. ib. 3, 500:

    Thybridis,

    Ov. M. 15, 432; Luc. 6, 810:

    Tibride,

    Claud. in Eutr. 2, 127.—Hence,
    A.
    Tĭbĕrīnus ( Tībrī-nus, Claud. Laud. Seren. 16; Sid. Carm. 7, 75), a, um, adj., of or belonging to the Tiber, Tiberine:

    ostium,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, 33; Verg. A. 1, 13; Ov. F. 4, 329:

    undae,

    Hor. C. 3, 12, 7:

    flumen,

    Verg. A. 11, 449; Hor. Ep. 1, 11, 4:

    lupus,

    taken in the Tiber, id. S. 2, 2, 31:

    campus,

    Plin. 34, 6, 11, § 25:

    gramen,

    Claud. VI. Cons. Hon. 182: pater, i. e. Father Tiber, as a river-god, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 55 Vahl.); Verg. G. 4, 369; cf.

    deus,

    id. A. 8, 31.—
    2.
    Subst.: Tĭ-bĕrīnus, i, m.
    a.
    The Tiber:

    hac quondam Tiberinus iter faciebat,

    Prop. 4 (5), 2, 7; Verg. A. 7, 30; Ov. F. 4, 291; 6, 105.—
    b.
    A king of Alba, after whom the river is said to have been named, Varr. L. L. 5, §§ 29 and 71 Müll.; Liv. 1, 3; Ov. F. 2, 389; id. M. 14, 614.—
    B.
    Tĭbĕrīnis, ĭdis, adj. f., of or belonging to the Tiber, Tiberine:

    Nym phae,

    Ov. F. 2, 597. —
    II.
    Personified: Tibris ( Tybris), the river-god Tiber, Verg. A. 8, 72; 10, 421.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Tiberis

  • 2 pater

        pater tris, m    [1 PA-], a father, sire: Tuus hercle vero et animo et naturā pater, T.: patre certo nasci: captivā natus, patre nullo, matre servā, i. e. by an unknown father, L.—Of a fosterfather, T.—Poet.: Rexque patrem vicit, i. e. paternal love, O.—Rarely of animals: virque paterque gregis, O.—In the phrase, pater familias or pater familiae, the head of the household, father of a family, householder ; see familia.— Plur, fathers, forefathers, ancestors, progenitors: patrum nostrorum aetas: apud patres nostros.—As a title of reverence or respect: ipse pater Fulmina molitur dextrā, i. e. Jupiter, V.: Lemnius, i. e. Vulcan, V.: Lenaeus, i. e. Bacchus, V.: pater Silvane, H.: Tiberine, L.: pater Aeneas, V.: vel aetate vel curae similitudine patres adpellabantur (senatores), S.: patres ab honore appellati, L.: Zeno, pater Stoicorum: Herodotus historiae: cenae, host, H.: esuritionum (of a starving pauper), Ct.—In the phrase, pater patriae, father of his country: quem patrem patriae nominarant: Roma patrem patriae Ciceronem libera dixit, Iu.—For the phrase, pater patratus, see patratus.—For the phrase, patres conscripti, see conscriptus.
    * * *

    pater familias, patris familias -- head of family/household

    Latin-English dictionary > pater

  • 3 flumen

    flūmen, ĭnis, n. [id.], a flowing of water; and concr., a flood, stream, flowing or running water (syn.: fluvius, amnis, rivus).
    I.
    In gen. (mostly poet.): Romane, aquam Albanam cave lacu contineri, cave in mare manare suo flumine sinas, an old prophetic formula ap. Liv. 5, 16, 9:

    rapidus montano flumine torrens,

    Verg. A. 2, 305; cf. Ov. R. Am. 651:

    visendus ater flumine languido Cocytos errans,

    Hor. C. 2, 14, 17:

    inde sequemur Ipsius amnis iter, donec nos flumine certo Perferat,

    Val. Fl. 8, 189: et Tiberis flumen vomit in mare salsum, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 4 (Ann. v. 453 ed. Vahl.); cf.:

    teque pater Tiberine tuo cum flumine sancto,

    id. ib. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 55 ib.):

    donec me flumine vivo Abluero,

    in a living, running stream, Verg. A. 2, 719; cf.: quin tu ante vivo perfunderis flumine? Auct. ap. Liv. 1, 45, 6 (for which:

    aqua viva,

    Varr. L. L. 5, § 123 Müll.).—In plur.:

    nymphae venas et flumina fontis Elicuere sui,

    streams, Ov. M. 14, 788:

    frigida Scamandri,

    Hor. Epod. 13, 14:

    Symaethia circum Flumina,

    Verg. A. 9, 585:

    limosa potat,

    Ov. M. 1, 634; cf.:

    Tantalus a labris sitiens fugientia captat Flumina,

    Hor. S. 1, 1, 69:

    maritima immittere in piscinas,

    Varr. R. R. 3, 17, 9.
    II.
    In partic., a river.
    A.
    Lit. (the predominant signif. of the word both in prose and poetry): quod per amoenam urbem leni fluit agmine flumen, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 4 (Ann. v. 177 ed. Vahl.); cf.:

    ut flumina in contrarias partes fluxerint,

    Cic. Div. 1, 35, 78:

    Scipio biduum moratus ad flumen, quod inter eum et Domitii castra fluebat,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 37, 1:

    aurea flumina,

    Lucr. 5, 911:

    habet non tantum venas aquarum terra, ex quibus corrivatis flumina effici possunt, sed et amnes magnitudinis vastae, etc.,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 19; cf. Cic. Rep. 2, 5:

    nec ullum hoc frigidius flumen attigi,

    id. Leg. 2, 3, 6:

    nos flumina arcemus, dirigimus, avertimus,

    id. N. D. 2, 60, 152:

    una pars (Galliae) initium capit a flumine Rhodano, continetur Garumna flumine... attingit etiam flumen Rhenum, etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 1, 6 sq.; 1, 2, 7:

    inter montem Juram et flumen Rhodanum,

    id. ib. 1, 6, 1:

    flumen est Arar, quod, etc.,

    id. ib. 1, 12, 1:

    flumen Dubis,

    id. ib. 1, 38, 4:

    non Seres, non Tanain prope flumen orti,

    Hor. C. 4, 15, 24:

    Veliternos ad Asturae flumen Maenius fudit,

    Liv. 8, 13, 5 Drak. N. cr.:

    terrarum situs et flumina dicere,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 252:

    secundo flumine ad Lutetiam iter facere coepit,

    with the stream, Caes. B. G. 7, 58, 5 (cf. secundus, 2. a.):

    magnum ire agmen adverso flumine,

    against the stream, Caes. B. G. 7, 60, 3; cf. Verg. G. 1, 201; Liv. 24, 40. —Prov.:

    flumine vicino stultus sitit, like,

    starves in the midst of plenty, Petr. Fragm. p. 899 Burm.—
    2.
    Transf., of other things which flow in streams or like streams, a stream, flood ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

    sanguinis,

    Lucr. 2, 354; 4, 1029:

    largoque humectat flumine vultum,

    flood of tears, Verg. A. 1, 465:

    laeta magis pressis manabunt flumina mammis,

    streams of milk, id. G. 3, 310:

    flumina jam lactis, jam flumina nectaris,

    Ov. M. 1, 111: rigido concussae flumine nubes Exonerabantur, a torrent of rain, Petr. poët. Sat. 123; cf.:

    ut picis e caelo demissum flumen,

    a stream of pitch, Lucr. 6, 257:

    magnesia flumine saxa,

    in the magnetic stream, id. 6, 1064:

    effusaeque ruunt inopino flumine turbae,

    i. e. in a vast stream, Sil. 12, 185; cf. Verg. A. 11, 236:

    aëris,

    a current of air, App. de Mund. p. 61, 33 Elm. p. 258 Bip.—
    B.
    Trop., of expression, a flow, fluency, stream:

    orationis flumine reprehensoris convicia diluuntur,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 7, 20:

    flumen orationis aureum,

    id. Ac. 2, 38, 119:

    orationis,

    id. de Or. 2, 15, 62; cf.:

    flumen verborum volubili tasque,

    id. Or. 16, 53:

    gravissimorum op timorumque verborum,

    id. de Or. 2, 45, 188:

    inanium verborum,

    id. N. D. 2, 1, 1:

    Lysias... puro fonti quam magno flumini propior,

    Quint. 10, 1, 78; 9, 4, 61; cf. id. 10, 1, 61; Petr. 5 fin. —And fig.:

    neque concipere neque edere partum mens potest, nisi ingenti flumine litterarum inundata,

    Petr. 118.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > flumen

  • 4 pater

    păter, tris (old gen PATRVS. Inscr Corp. Lat. 1469; dat PATRE, ib 182), m. [Sanscr. root pā, to nourish, protect; Lat. pasco; hence, Zend, patar, protector; Gr. patêr; Sanscr pitri; Engl. father; Germ. Vater], a father, sire.
    I.
    Lit. Aes. Ehem, pater mi, tu hic eras? De Tuus hercle vero et animo et patura pater, Ter. Ad. 5, 7, 3:

    patre certo nasci,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 16, 46:

    Servius Tullius captivā Corniculanā natus, patre nullo, matre servā,

    i. e. by an unknown father, Liv. 4, 3:

    SI PATER FILIVM TER VENVM DVIT FILIVS A PATRE LIBER ESTO, Lex XII. Tab.: CORNELIVS SCIPIO BARBATVS GNAIVOD PATRE PROGNATVS, Epit. of the Scipios: ego a patre ita eram deductus,

    by my father, Cic. Lael. 1, 1:

    aliquem patris loco colere debere,

    id. Phil. 2, 38, 99.—
    II.
    Transf.
    A.
    The father as head and rep resentative of the household, esp., paterfamilias and paterfamiliae:

    pauci milites patresque familiae recepti,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 44:

    quemeunque patrem familiae arripuissetis,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 43; v. familia.—
    B.
    In plur.: patres, fathers, forefathers:

    patrum nostrorum aetas,

    Cic. Or. 5, 18:

    memoria patrum,

    id. de Or. 1, 40, 181:

    apud patres nostros,

    id. Off. 3, 11, 47:

    patres majoresque nostri,

    id. Div. in Caecil. 21, 69:

    Dominus Deus patrum vestrorum, Vulg Exod 3, 15: descenderunt patres tui in Aegyptum,

    id. Deut. 10, 22.—So in sing (eccl. Lat.): dixitque Jacob;

    Deus patris mei Abraham, etc.,

    Vulg. Gen. 32, 9: quod juravit ad Abra. [p. 1314] ham patrem nostrūm, id. Luc. 1, 73.—
    C.
    PATRES for parentes, parents, Inscr. Grut. 707, 5; 656, 2; 692, 1; 704, 1.—
    D.
    As a title of honor, father. —Of a deity, esp. of Jupiter: divum pater atque hominum rex, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 179 Vahl.); cf.: pater optime Olimpi, id. ap. Oros. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 198 ib.):

    ipse pater mediā nimborum in nocte coruscā Fulmina molitur dextrā,

    Verg. G. 1, 328:

    Gradivumque patrem Geticis qui praesidet arvis,

    id. A. 3, 35:

    pater Lemnius,

    i. e. Vulcan, id. ib. 8, 454:

    Bacche pater,

    Hor. C. 3, 3, 13; cf.

    Lenaeus,

    i. e. Bacchus, Verg. G. 2, 7:

    pater Silvane,

    Hor. Epod. 2, 21: Quirine pater, Enn. ap. Non. 120, 1 (Ann. v. 121 Vahl.): pater Tiberine, id. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 55 ib.); of the Tiber, Liv. 2, 10:

    Apenninus,

    Verg. A. 12, 703 Wagner:

    pater Aeneas,

    id. ib. 1, 699.—Of the creative or generative powers of nature as deities:

    pater Aether,

    Lucr. 1, 250: aequoreus, i. e. Ocean, Col. poët. 10, 200.—As an honorable designation applied to senators:

    principes, qui appellati sunt propter caritatem patres,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 8, 14:

    patres ab honore patriciique progenies eorum appellati,

    Liv. 1, 8.—Hence, patres = patricii, opp. to plebeii:

    quā re ad patres censeo revertare: plebeii quam fuerint importuni, vides,

    Cic. Fam. 9, 21, 3 fin.:

    patres conscripti, v. conscribo: pater patrum, pater sacrorum, pater nomimus, the title given to the high-priest of Mithras,

    Inscr. Grut. 28, 2; 315, 5; 1102, 2; Inscr. Orell. 5059: patratus, v. h. v. under patro, P. a.—Of the founder of a school:

    Zeno, pater Stoicorum,

    Cic. N. D. 3, 9, 23;

    of a teacher, as a source or creator: Isocrates pater eloquentiae,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 3, 10:

    Herodotus pater historiae,

    id. Leg. 1, 1, 5: pater patriae, the father of his country, of Cicero, Cic. Pis. 3, 6:

    quem Q. Catulus, quem multi alii saepe in senatu patrem patriae nominarant,

    id. Sest. 57, 121; cf.:

    Roma patrem patriae Ciceronem libera dixit,

    Juv. 8, 245.—So of Marius:

    C. Marium quem vere patrem patriae... possumus dicere,

    Cic. Rab. Perd. 10, 27;

    of Trajan, and other emperors: at tu etiam nomen patris patriae recusabas,

    Plin. Pan. 21; cf. Sen. Clem. 1, 14, 2; Suet. Caes. 76; id. Tib. 26; id. Ner. 8; cf.

    also: pater senatūs,

    Tac. A. 11, 25; Ov. F. 2, 127; id. Tr. 2, 39; 181; id. P. 1, 1, 36:

    pater orbis,

    id. F. 3, 72; Stat. S. 1, 4, 95; 4, 8, 20.—As a term of respect:

    pater Aeneas,

    Verg. A. 5, 348;

    esp., to an old man,

    Plaut. Most. 4, 2, 36; Verg. A. 5, 521; so id. ib. 533.—
    E.
    In eccl. Lat., the Supreme Being, God:

    sicut enim Pater habet vitam in semet ipso,

    Vulg. Joan. 5, 26:

    confiteor tibi, Pater Domine caeli et terrae,

    id. Luc. 10, 21:

    Pater caelestis,

    id. Matt. 5, 48; 18, 35:

    Pater vester qui in caelis est,

    id. ib. 23, 9:

    Pater noster, qui es in caelis,

    id. ib. 6, 9:

    adorabunt Patrem,

    id. Joan. 4, 23; id. Act. 1, 7 saep.—
    * F.
    Pater cenae, the host, Hor. S. 2, 8, 7:

    misericordiarum,

    Vulg. 2 Cor. 1, 3. —Hence, by way of opposition, *
    G.
    Pater esuritionum, the father of hunger-pains, said of a very poor man who suffers from hunger, Cat. 21, 1.—
    H.
    Of animals, sire:

    virque paterque gregis,

    Ov. A. A. 1, 522; Petr. 133 fin.; Col. 6, 37, 4.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > pater

  • 5 sancio

    sancĭo, xi, ctum, 4 ( pluperf. sancierat, Pompon. ap. Diom. p. 368 P.; id. ap. Prisc. p. 904 ib.:

    sancivi,

    Prisc. 904; Diom. 368; part. perf. sancitum, Lucr. 1, 587; Cass. Sev. ap. Diom. l. l.), v. a. [Sanscr. root sac, sak, to accompany, honor (cf. sequor); whence also sacer; cf. Gr. HaG, hagios, hagnos], to render sacred or inviolable by a religious act; to appoint as sacred or inviolable.
    I.
    Lit., mostly of legal ordinances or other public proceedings, to fix unalterably; to establish, appoint, decree, ordain; also, to make irrevocable or unalterable; to enact, confirm, ratify, sanction (freq. and class.; cf.: caveo, scisco).
    A.
    Sancire legem (jus, foedus, etc.):

    legibus istis, quas senatus de ambitu sancire voluerit, etc.,

    Cic. Planc. 18, 44:

    Cretum leges, quas sive Juppiter sive Minos sanxit,

    id. Tusc. 2, 14, 34; cf.:

    quasdam leges ex integro sanxit,

    Suet. Aug. 34; and:

    sancire legem, Ne quis, etc.,

    Liv. 3, 55:

    tabulas Quas bis quinque viri sanxerunt,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 24:

    quam temere in nosmet legem sancimus iniquam,

    id. S. 1, 3, 67:

    legem sanciendo,

    Liv. 3, 55 et saep.— Pass.:

    haec igitur lex sanciatur, ut, etc.,

    Cic. Lael. 12, 40, and 13, 44; cf.:

    M. Valerius consul de provocatione legem tulit diligentius sanctam,

    Liv. 10, 9:

    sacrosanctum esse nihil potest, nisi quod populus plebesve sanxisset,

    Cic. Balb. 14, 33:

    sanxisset jura nobis,

    id. Rep. 3, 11, 18: jus utile civitati, Pompon. ap. Prisc. p. 904:

    in quibus (legibus) illa eadem sancta sunt,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 50, § 123:

    cum aut morte tuā sancienda sint consulum imperia, aut impunitate in perpetuum abroganda,

    Liv. 8, 7:

    SENTENTIAM,

    Inscr. Orell. 4405:

    foedus,

    to ratify the treaty, Liv. 1, 24; so Cic. Sest. 10, 24:

    foedera sanguine,

    id. post Red. ad Quir. 5, 13; Liv. 23, 8 fin.; 25, 16; Tac. A. 12, 46; cf. poet.:

    foedera fulmine,

    Verg. A. 12, 200.—
    B.
    Sancire lege (edicto, etc.) aliquid, de aliquā re, ut, ne, etc.:

    alia moribus confirmarunt, sanxerunt autem alia legibus,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 2, 2; cf.:

    genus id agrorum certo capite legis confirmari atque sanciri,

    id. Agr. 3, 1, 3:

    quod aedilis plebis fuisset, contra quam sanctum legibus erat,

    Liv. 30, 19:

    ne res efferatur jurejurando ac fide sanciatur petunt,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 2; cf. Liv. 39, 37:

    neque enim rogationibus plebisve scitis sancta sunt ista praecepta,

    Quint. 2, 13, 6:

    coetibus ac sacrificiis conspirationem civitatum,

    Tac. Agr. 27:

    eadem fuit (causa) nihil de hac re lege sanciendi,

    Liv. 34, 4:

    nihil lege ullā in alios sanxit,

    Just. 3, 2, 8:

    de jure praediorum sanctum apud nos est jure civili, ut, etc.,

    Cic. Off. 3, 16, 65:

    inhumanissimā lege sanxerunt, ut, etc.,

    id. Rep. 2, 37, 63; cf.:

    habeat legibus sanctum, Si quis...uti, etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 20:

    lege naturae, communi jure gentium sanctum est, ut, etc.,

    Cic. Har. Resp. 14, 32:

    primo duodecim tabulis sanctum, ne quis, etc.,

    Tac. A. 6, 16:

    Flaccus sanxit edicto, ne, etc.,

    Cic. Fl. 28, 67:

    in omne tempus gravi documento sancirent, ne, etc.,

    Liv. 28, 19:

    nec, quominus id postea liceret, ulla lex sanxit,

    Cic. Ep. ad Brut. 1, 5, 3.—
    (β).
    Without abl.:

    de quibus confirmandis et sanciendis legem comitiis centuriatis laturus est,

    Cic. Phil. 10, 8, 17; cf.:

    acta Caesaris,

    id. Att. 14, 21, 2:

    quae dubia sunt, per vos sancire vult,

    id. Agr. 3 4, 13:

    augurem Jovis optimi maximi,

    id. Phil. 13, 5, 12:

    cum de eo nihil sanxerit, quod antea commissum non erat,

    id. Rosc. Am. 25, 70:

    quid est, quod tam accurate tamque diligenter caveat et sanciat, ut heredes sui, etc.,

    id. Fin. 2, 31, 101.—
    C.
    With acc. and inf.:

    rursus fide sanxerunt liberos Tarentinos leges suaque omnia habituros,

    Liv. 25, 8:

    omnes liberos esse sanxit,

    Suet. Claud. 25.—
    D.
    Lex sancit, decrees, ordains (with acc. or obj.-clause):

    at hoc Valeria lex non dicit, Corneliae leges non sanciunt,

    Cic. Agr. 3, 2, 8:

    consularis lex sanxit, ne qui magistratus sine provocatione crearetur,

    id. Rep. 2, 31, 54; cf.:

    res et ab naturā profectas et ab consuetudine probatas, legum metus et religio sanxit,

    id. Inv. 2, 53, 160.—
    E.
    Poet., with relative-clause:

    quid quaeque queant, per foedera naturaï, Quid porro nequeant, sancitum quandoquidem exstat,

    Lucr. 1, 587. —
    F.
    To render sacred to any one, to devote, consecrate, dedicate:

    sancire alicui carmina,

    Stat. S. 3, 3, 215; cf. id. Th. 11, 344: templum, Coripp. 4, 264.—
    II.
    Transf., to forbid under pain of punishment, to enact a penalty against (very rare):

    incestum pontifices supplicio sanciunto,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 9, 22; cf.:

    noxiae poena par esto, ut in suo vitio quisque plectatur: vis capite, avaritia multa, honoris cupiditas ignominiā sanciatur,

    id. ib. 3, 20, 46; id. Planc. 19, 47:

    hoc (sc. insidiae) quamquam video neque more turpe haberi, neque aut lege sanciri aut jure civili: tamen naturae lege sanctum est,

    id. Off. 3, 17, 69:

    erranti viam non monstrare, quod Athenis exsecrationibus publicis sanctum est,

    id. ib. 3, 13, 55:

    Solon capite sanxit, si qui in seditione non alterius utrius partis fuisset,

    made it a capital offence, id. Att. 10, 1, 2.—With abl. of fine:

    injurias factas quinque et viginti assibus sanxerunt,

    Gell. 20, 1, 31.—Hence, sanc-tus, a, um, P. a.
    A.
    Orig., rendered sacred, established as inviolable, i. e. sacred, inviolable (whereas sacer signifies consecrated to a deity. Thus, e. g., a temple, grove, or the like, is sacer locus;

    but sanctus locus is any public place which it is forbidden to injure or disturb. A sacer locus is also sanctus, but the converse is not always true): proprie dicimus sancta, quae neque sacra neque profana sunt, sed sanctione quādam confirmata, ut leges sanctae sunt, quia sanctione quādam sunt subnixae. Quod enim sanctione quādam subnixum est, id sanctum est, etsi deo non sit consecratum,

    Dig. 1, 8, 9:

    sanctum est, quod ab injuriā hominum defensum atque munitum est...In municipiis quoque muros esse sanctos,

    ib. 1, 8, 8; cf.:

    sanctae res, veluti muri et portae,

    ib. 1, 8, 1:

    campus,

    Cic. Rab. Perd. 4, 11:

    tribuni ejus (plebis) essent sanctique sunto,

    id. Leg. 3, 3, 9 (cf. sacrosanctus):

    societas,

    id. Off. 1, 8, 26; id. Rep. 1, 32, 49:

    fides induciarum,

    Liv. 8, 37:

    nullum esse officium, nullum jus tam sanctum atque integrum, quod non ejus scelus atque perfidia violarit et imminuerit,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 38, 109; so,

    officium,

    id. Quint. 6, 26:

    poëtae...poëtae nomen,

    id. Arch. 8, 18 sq. —Hence, aerarium sanctius, a special treasure of the State, which was only to be used in cases of extreme necessity (v. aerarium).—Of persons:

    hospites ab injuriā prohibent sanctosque habent,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 23:

    ut vestris etiam legionibus sanctus essem,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 24, 60:

    uxor,

    Phaedr. 3, 10, 30.—Because to the idea of inviolability is readily attached that of exalted worth, of sacredness, or divinity (as, on the contrary, our word sacred afterward received the meaning of inviolable, e. g. sacred rights, a sacred promise, sacred honor, etc.), sanctus denotes,
    B.
    Venerable, august, divine, sacred, pure, holy (very freq. and class.); of a divinity, and of things in any way belonging to one: Saturno sancte create, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 607 Vahl.): Juno Saturnia sancta dearum, id. ap. Serv. ad Verg. A. 4, 576 (Ann. v. 65 ib.): teque pater Tiberine (veneror) tuo cum flumine sancto, id. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 55 ib.):

    numen,

    Lucr. 5, 309; 6, 70:

    sedes deum,

    id. 5, 147; Cic. Rep. 5, 5, 7:

    fana,

    Lucr. 5, 74:

    delubra,

    id. 6, 417; 6, 1272:

    sanctus augustusque fons,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 12, 36:

    sanctior dies (with sollemnis),

    Hor. C. 4, 11, 17:

    ignes (of a sacrifice),

    Verg. A. 3, 406 et saep.—

    After Augustus,

    a title given to the emperors, Ov. F. 2, 127; Val. Fl. 1, 11:

    sanctius et reverentius est visum nomen Augusti,

    Flor. 4, 12, 66:

    intra limina sanctioris aulae,

    Mart. 5, 6, 8 (al. aevi):

    amicitiae sanctum et venerabile nomen,

    Ov. Tr. 1, 8, 15:

    libertas,

    Liv. 3, 52:

    pudicitia,

    id. 3, 52.—
    2.
    Of character, morally pure, good, innocent, pious, holy, just, etc. (freq. and class.): cum esset ille vir exemplum innocentiae, cumque illo nemo neque integrior esset in civitate neque sanctior, Cic. de Or. 1, 53, 229; cf.:

    sanctissimi viri,

    id. Lael. 11, 39:

    homines frugalissimi, sanctissimi,

    id. Fl. 29, 71:

    sancti et religiosi,

    id. Rosc. Com. 15, 44; cf.:

    qui sunt sancti, qui religionum colentes,

    id. Planc. 33, 80:

    vir in publicis religionibus foederum sanctus et diligens,

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 19, § 49: veteres et sancti viri, Sall. Fragm. ap. Macr. S. 2, 9:

    sanctius consilium,

    Liv. 30, 16; cf.:

    jura magistratusque legunt sanctumque senatum,

    Verg. A. 1, 426:

    da (mihi) justo sanctoque videri,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 61:

    Dareus ut erat sanctus et mitis,

    Curt. 3, 8, 5:

    amores,

    pure, chaste, Cic. Fin. 3, 20, 68; cf.:

    virgines,

    Hor. C. 1, 2, 27:

    sanctissima conjux,

    Verg. A. 11, 158:

    pudor,

    Tib. 1, 3, 83:

    mores (with pudicitia),

    Juv. 10, 298 et saep.:

    me quidem id multo magis movet, quod mihi est et sanctius antiquius,

    Cic. Att. 12, 19, 4:

    quod apud omnes leve et infirmum est, id apud judicem grave et sanctum esse ducatur?

    id. Rosc. Com. 2, 6; cf.:

    est et sancta et gravis oratio (Calvi),

    Quint. 10, 1, 115; so comp.:

    oratio,

    id. 8, 3, 24:

    genus orationis,

    id. 4, 2, 125:

    eloquentia,

    Tac. Or. 4:

    manus sanctas habere,

    Val. Max. 2, 2, 8:

    sanctissima disciplina (Stoicorum),

    Gell. 1, 2, 7; cf. Lucr. 3, 371. —
    C.
    In eccl. Lat., substt.
    1.
    sanctus, i, m., a saint, holy man:

    sancti tui,

    Vulg. 2 Par. 6, 41:

    omnes sancti ejus,

    id. Psa. 30, 24. —
    2.
    sanctum, i, n., a holy place; esp.:

    sanctum sanctorum,

    Vulg. Exod. 26, 34 et saep.:

    in sancto habitas,

    id. Psa. 21, 4.—Also in plur.:

    sancta sanctorum,

    Vulg. Exod. 40, 11 et saep.: violare sancta, id. Judith, 9, 11. — Adv.: sanctē (acc. to B.), solemnly, conscientiously, scrupulously, religiously, with holy awe, etc.:

    jurare,

    Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 112; Ter. Hec. 1, 1, 4:

    adjurare,

    Plaut. Cist. 2, 3, 27; Ter. Hec. 2, 2, 26:

    nimis sancte pius,

    Plaut. Rud. 4, 7, 8; cf.:

    pie sancteque colimus naturam excellentem,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 20, 56:

    auguste sancteque consecrare,

    id. ib. 2, 24, 62:

    disce verecundo sanctius ore loqui,

    Mart. 8, 1, 2:

    multa sunt severius scripta quam in antiquis legibus et sanctius,

    Cic. Rab. Post. 4, 8:

    se sanctissime gerere,

    id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 4, § 13:

    te sancte precor,

    Liv. 2, 10:

    illae (tabulae) servantur sancte,

    scrupulously, religiously, Cic. Rosc. Com. 2, 7; cf.:

    me ea, quae tibi promitto ac recipio, sanctissime esse observaturum,

    id. Fam. 5, 8, 5:

    virgines tam sancte habuit,

    Curt. 3, 12, 21:

    exempla conservatae sanctissime utrobique opinionis,

    Quint. 1, 2, 4:

    apud Sallustium dicta sancte et antique,

    purely, chastely, id. 8, 3, 44.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > sancio

  • 6 sanctum

    sancĭo, xi, ctum, 4 ( pluperf. sancierat, Pompon. ap. Diom. p. 368 P.; id. ap. Prisc. p. 904 ib.:

    sancivi,

    Prisc. 904; Diom. 368; part. perf. sancitum, Lucr. 1, 587; Cass. Sev. ap. Diom. l. l.), v. a. [Sanscr. root sac, sak, to accompany, honor (cf. sequor); whence also sacer; cf. Gr. HaG, hagios, hagnos], to render sacred or inviolable by a religious act; to appoint as sacred or inviolable.
    I.
    Lit., mostly of legal ordinances or other public proceedings, to fix unalterably; to establish, appoint, decree, ordain; also, to make irrevocable or unalterable; to enact, confirm, ratify, sanction (freq. and class.; cf.: caveo, scisco).
    A.
    Sancire legem (jus, foedus, etc.):

    legibus istis, quas senatus de ambitu sancire voluerit, etc.,

    Cic. Planc. 18, 44:

    Cretum leges, quas sive Juppiter sive Minos sanxit,

    id. Tusc. 2, 14, 34; cf.:

    quasdam leges ex integro sanxit,

    Suet. Aug. 34; and:

    sancire legem, Ne quis, etc.,

    Liv. 3, 55:

    tabulas Quas bis quinque viri sanxerunt,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 24:

    quam temere in nosmet legem sancimus iniquam,

    id. S. 1, 3, 67:

    legem sanciendo,

    Liv. 3, 55 et saep.— Pass.:

    haec igitur lex sanciatur, ut, etc.,

    Cic. Lael. 12, 40, and 13, 44; cf.:

    M. Valerius consul de provocatione legem tulit diligentius sanctam,

    Liv. 10, 9:

    sacrosanctum esse nihil potest, nisi quod populus plebesve sanxisset,

    Cic. Balb. 14, 33:

    sanxisset jura nobis,

    id. Rep. 3, 11, 18: jus utile civitati, Pompon. ap. Prisc. p. 904:

    in quibus (legibus) illa eadem sancta sunt,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 50, § 123:

    cum aut morte tuā sancienda sint consulum imperia, aut impunitate in perpetuum abroganda,

    Liv. 8, 7:

    SENTENTIAM,

    Inscr. Orell. 4405:

    foedus,

    to ratify the treaty, Liv. 1, 24; so Cic. Sest. 10, 24:

    foedera sanguine,

    id. post Red. ad Quir. 5, 13; Liv. 23, 8 fin.; 25, 16; Tac. A. 12, 46; cf. poet.:

    foedera fulmine,

    Verg. A. 12, 200.—
    B.
    Sancire lege (edicto, etc.) aliquid, de aliquā re, ut, ne, etc.:

    alia moribus confirmarunt, sanxerunt autem alia legibus,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 2, 2; cf.:

    genus id agrorum certo capite legis confirmari atque sanciri,

    id. Agr. 3, 1, 3:

    quod aedilis plebis fuisset, contra quam sanctum legibus erat,

    Liv. 30, 19:

    ne res efferatur jurejurando ac fide sanciatur petunt,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 2; cf. Liv. 39, 37:

    neque enim rogationibus plebisve scitis sancta sunt ista praecepta,

    Quint. 2, 13, 6:

    coetibus ac sacrificiis conspirationem civitatum,

    Tac. Agr. 27:

    eadem fuit (causa) nihil de hac re lege sanciendi,

    Liv. 34, 4:

    nihil lege ullā in alios sanxit,

    Just. 3, 2, 8:

    de jure praediorum sanctum apud nos est jure civili, ut, etc.,

    Cic. Off. 3, 16, 65:

    inhumanissimā lege sanxerunt, ut, etc.,

    id. Rep. 2, 37, 63; cf.:

    habeat legibus sanctum, Si quis...uti, etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 20:

    lege naturae, communi jure gentium sanctum est, ut, etc.,

    Cic. Har. Resp. 14, 32:

    primo duodecim tabulis sanctum, ne quis, etc.,

    Tac. A. 6, 16:

    Flaccus sanxit edicto, ne, etc.,

    Cic. Fl. 28, 67:

    in omne tempus gravi documento sancirent, ne, etc.,

    Liv. 28, 19:

    nec, quominus id postea liceret, ulla lex sanxit,

    Cic. Ep. ad Brut. 1, 5, 3.—
    (β).
    Without abl.:

    de quibus confirmandis et sanciendis legem comitiis centuriatis laturus est,

    Cic. Phil. 10, 8, 17; cf.:

    acta Caesaris,

    id. Att. 14, 21, 2:

    quae dubia sunt, per vos sancire vult,

    id. Agr. 3 4, 13:

    augurem Jovis optimi maximi,

    id. Phil. 13, 5, 12:

    cum de eo nihil sanxerit, quod antea commissum non erat,

    id. Rosc. Am. 25, 70:

    quid est, quod tam accurate tamque diligenter caveat et sanciat, ut heredes sui, etc.,

    id. Fin. 2, 31, 101.—
    C.
    With acc. and inf.:

    rursus fide sanxerunt liberos Tarentinos leges suaque omnia habituros,

    Liv. 25, 8:

    omnes liberos esse sanxit,

    Suet. Claud. 25.—
    D.
    Lex sancit, decrees, ordains (with acc. or obj.-clause):

    at hoc Valeria lex non dicit, Corneliae leges non sanciunt,

    Cic. Agr. 3, 2, 8:

    consularis lex sanxit, ne qui magistratus sine provocatione crearetur,

    id. Rep. 2, 31, 54; cf.:

    res et ab naturā profectas et ab consuetudine probatas, legum metus et religio sanxit,

    id. Inv. 2, 53, 160.—
    E.
    Poet., with relative-clause:

    quid quaeque queant, per foedera naturaï, Quid porro nequeant, sancitum quandoquidem exstat,

    Lucr. 1, 587. —
    F.
    To render sacred to any one, to devote, consecrate, dedicate:

    sancire alicui carmina,

    Stat. S. 3, 3, 215; cf. id. Th. 11, 344: templum, Coripp. 4, 264.—
    II.
    Transf., to forbid under pain of punishment, to enact a penalty against (very rare):

    incestum pontifices supplicio sanciunto,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 9, 22; cf.:

    noxiae poena par esto, ut in suo vitio quisque plectatur: vis capite, avaritia multa, honoris cupiditas ignominiā sanciatur,

    id. ib. 3, 20, 46; id. Planc. 19, 47:

    hoc (sc. insidiae) quamquam video neque more turpe haberi, neque aut lege sanciri aut jure civili: tamen naturae lege sanctum est,

    id. Off. 3, 17, 69:

    erranti viam non monstrare, quod Athenis exsecrationibus publicis sanctum est,

    id. ib. 3, 13, 55:

    Solon capite sanxit, si qui in seditione non alterius utrius partis fuisset,

    made it a capital offence, id. Att. 10, 1, 2.—With abl. of fine:

    injurias factas quinque et viginti assibus sanxerunt,

    Gell. 20, 1, 31.—Hence, sanc-tus, a, um, P. a.
    A.
    Orig., rendered sacred, established as inviolable, i. e. sacred, inviolable (whereas sacer signifies consecrated to a deity. Thus, e. g., a temple, grove, or the like, is sacer locus;

    but sanctus locus is any public place which it is forbidden to injure or disturb. A sacer locus is also sanctus, but the converse is not always true): proprie dicimus sancta, quae neque sacra neque profana sunt, sed sanctione quādam confirmata, ut leges sanctae sunt, quia sanctione quādam sunt subnixae. Quod enim sanctione quādam subnixum est, id sanctum est, etsi deo non sit consecratum,

    Dig. 1, 8, 9:

    sanctum est, quod ab injuriā hominum defensum atque munitum est...In municipiis quoque muros esse sanctos,

    ib. 1, 8, 8; cf.:

    sanctae res, veluti muri et portae,

    ib. 1, 8, 1:

    campus,

    Cic. Rab. Perd. 4, 11:

    tribuni ejus (plebis) essent sanctique sunto,

    id. Leg. 3, 3, 9 (cf. sacrosanctus):

    societas,

    id. Off. 1, 8, 26; id. Rep. 1, 32, 49:

    fides induciarum,

    Liv. 8, 37:

    nullum esse officium, nullum jus tam sanctum atque integrum, quod non ejus scelus atque perfidia violarit et imminuerit,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 38, 109; so,

    officium,

    id. Quint. 6, 26:

    poëtae...poëtae nomen,

    id. Arch. 8, 18 sq. —Hence, aerarium sanctius, a special treasure of the State, which was only to be used in cases of extreme necessity (v. aerarium).—Of persons:

    hospites ab injuriā prohibent sanctosque habent,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 23:

    ut vestris etiam legionibus sanctus essem,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 24, 60:

    uxor,

    Phaedr. 3, 10, 30.—Because to the idea of inviolability is readily attached that of exalted worth, of sacredness, or divinity (as, on the contrary, our word sacred afterward received the meaning of inviolable, e. g. sacred rights, a sacred promise, sacred honor, etc.), sanctus denotes,
    B.
    Venerable, august, divine, sacred, pure, holy (very freq. and class.); of a divinity, and of things in any way belonging to one: Saturno sancte create, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 607 Vahl.): Juno Saturnia sancta dearum, id. ap. Serv. ad Verg. A. 4, 576 (Ann. v. 65 ib.): teque pater Tiberine (veneror) tuo cum flumine sancto, id. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 55 ib.):

    numen,

    Lucr. 5, 309; 6, 70:

    sedes deum,

    id. 5, 147; Cic. Rep. 5, 5, 7:

    fana,

    Lucr. 5, 74:

    delubra,

    id. 6, 417; 6, 1272:

    sanctus augustusque fons,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 12, 36:

    sanctior dies (with sollemnis),

    Hor. C. 4, 11, 17:

    ignes (of a sacrifice),

    Verg. A. 3, 406 et saep.—

    After Augustus,

    a title given to the emperors, Ov. F. 2, 127; Val. Fl. 1, 11:

    sanctius et reverentius est visum nomen Augusti,

    Flor. 4, 12, 66:

    intra limina sanctioris aulae,

    Mart. 5, 6, 8 (al. aevi):

    amicitiae sanctum et venerabile nomen,

    Ov. Tr. 1, 8, 15:

    libertas,

    Liv. 3, 52:

    pudicitia,

    id. 3, 52.—
    2.
    Of character, morally pure, good, innocent, pious, holy, just, etc. (freq. and class.): cum esset ille vir exemplum innocentiae, cumque illo nemo neque integrior esset in civitate neque sanctior, Cic. de Or. 1, 53, 229; cf.:

    sanctissimi viri,

    id. Lael. 11, 39:

    homines frugalissimi, sanctissimi,

    id. Fl. 29, 71:

    sancti et religiosi,

    id. Rosc. Com. 15, 44; cf.:

    qui sunt sancti, qui religionum colentes,

    id. Planc. 33, 80:

    vir in publicis religionibus foederum sanctus et diligens,

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 19, § 49: veteres et sancti viri, Sall. Fragm. ap. Macr. S. 2, 9:

    sanctius consilium,

    Liv. 30, 16; cf.:

    jura magistratusque legunt sanctumque senatum,

    Verg. A. 1, 426:

    da (mihi) justo sanctoque videri,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 61:

    Dareus ut erat sanctus et mitis,

    Curt. 3, 8, 5:

    amores,

    pure, chaste, Cic. Fin. 3, 20, 68; cf.:

    virgines,

    Hor. C. 1, 2, 27:

    sanctissima conjux,

    Verg. A. 11, 158:

    pudor,

    Tib. 1, 3, 83:

    mores (with pudicitia),

    Juv. 10, 298 et saep.:

    me quidem id multo magis movet, quod mihi est et sanctius antiquius,

    Cic. Att. 12, 19, 4:

    quod apud omnes leve et infirmum est, id apud judicem grave et sanctum esse ducatur?

    id. Rosc. Com. 2, 6; cf.:

    est et sancta et gravis oratio (Calvi),

    Quint. 10, 1, 115; so comp.:

    oratio,

    id. 8, 3, 24:

    genus orationis,

    id. 4, 2, 125:

    eloquentia,

    Tac. Or. 4:

    manus sanctas habere,

    Val. Max. 2, 2, 8:

    sanctissima disciplina (Stoicorum),

    Gell. 1, 2, 7; cf. Lucr. 3, 371. —
    C.
    In eccl. Lat., substt.
    1.
    sanctus, i, m., a saint, holy man:

    sancti tui,

    Vulg. 2 Par. 6, 41:

    omnes sancti ejus,

    id. Psa. 30, 24. —
    2.
    sanctum, i, n., a holy place; esp.:

    sanctum sanctorum,

    Vulg. Exod. 26, 34 et saep.:

    in sancto habitas,

    id. Psa. 21, 4.—Also in plur.:

    sancta sanctorum,

    Vulg. Exod. 40, 11 et saep.: violare sancta, id. Judith, 9, 11. — Adv.: sanctē (acc. to B.), solemnly, conscientiously, scrupulously, religiously, with holy awe, etc.:

    jurare,

    Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 112; Ter. Hec. 1, 1, 4:

    adjurare,

    Plaut. Cist. 2, 3, 27; Ter. Hec. 2, 2, 26:

    nimis sancte pius,

    Plaut. Rud. 4, 7, 8; cf.:

    pie sancteque colimus naturam excellentem,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 20, 56:

    auguste sancteque consecrare,

    id. ib. 2, 24, 62:

    disce verecundo sanctius ore loqui,

    Mart. 8, 1, 2:

    multa sunt severius scripta quam in antiquis legibus et sanctius,

    Cic. Rab. Post. 4, 8:

    se sanctissime gerere,

    id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 4, § 13:

    te sancte precor,

    Liv. 2, 10:

    illae (tabulae) servantur sancte,

    scrupulously, religiously, Cic. Rosc. Com. 2, 7; cf.:

    me ea, quae tibi promitto ac recipio, sanctissime esse observaturum,

    id. Fam. 5, 8, 5:

    virgines tam sancte habuit,

    Curt. 3, 12, 21:

    exempla conservatae sanctissime utrobique opinionis,

    Quint. 1, 2, 4:

    apud Sallustium dicta sancte et antique,

    purely, chastely, id. 8, 3, 44.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > sanctum

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