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1 ἄρχω
Aἀρχέμεναι Il.20.154
: [tense] impf. ἦρχον ib.2.378, etc.; [dialect] Dor.ἆρχον Pi.O.10(11).51
: [tense] fut.ἄρξω Od.4.667
, A.Pr. 940, Th.1.144: [tense] aor. ἦρξα, [dialect] Ep.ἄρξα Od.14.230
, etc.: [tense] pf. ([place name] Thyatira), Decr. ap. Plu.2.851f:—[voice] Med., Od.8.90, etc.; non-thematic part.ἄρχμενος Call.Aet.3.1.56
, al.: [tense] impf., Il.9.93, Hdt.5.28: [tense] fut. ἄρξομαι (in med. sense, v. infr.) Il.9.97, E.IA 442, X.Cyr.8.8.2; [dialect] Dor.ἀρξεῦμαι Theoc.7.95
: [tense] aor.ἠρξάμην Od.23.310
, etc.:—[voice] Pass., [tense] pf. ἦργμαι only in med. sense, v. infr. 1.2: [tense] aor.ἤρχθην, ἀρχθῆναι Th.6.18
, Arist.Pol. 1277b13, v. infr.11.4:—to be first,I in Time, begin, make a beginning, [voice] Act. and [voice] Med. (in Hom. the [voice] Act. is more freq., in [dialect] Att. Prose the [voice] Med., esp. where personal action is emphasized), to be the aggressor,Th.
1.53; π. ἄρχεσθαι to begin one's operations, X.HG6.3.6; ἄρχειν τοῦ λόγου to open a conversation, Id.An.1.6.6; ἄρχεσθαι τοῦ λόγου to begin one's speech, ib.3.2.7. Constr.:1 mostly c. gen., make a beginning of,ἄρχειν πολέμοιο Il.4.335
;μύθων Od.3.68
;τῶν ἀδικημάτων πρῶτον τοῦτο ἄρξαι Hdt. 1.2
;ἦρξεν ἐμβολῆς A.Pers. 409
; τοῦ κακοῦ ib. 353; ἄρχειν χειρῶν ἀδίκων, ἄρχειν τῆς πληγῆς, strike the first blow, Antipho 4.2.1 and 2:— in [voice] Med. in religious sense, = ἀπάρχεσθαι, ἀρχόμενος μελέων beginning with the limbs, Od.14.428, cf. E. Ion 651; but [voice] Act.,σπονδαῖσιν ἄρξαι Pi.I.6(5).37
.2 c. gen., begin from or with..,ἐν σοὶ μὲν λήξω σέο δ' ἄρξομαι Il.9.97
;ἄρχεσθαι Διός Pi.N.5.25
; πόθεν ἄρξωμαι; A.Ch. 855;πόθεν ποτὲ ἦρκται Hp. VM5
; ἄρχεσθαι, ἦρχθαι ἔκ τινος, Od.23.199, Hp.Off.11; ἀπό τινος freq. in Prose, ἀρξάμενοι αὐτίκα ἀπὸ παιδίων even from boyhood, Hdt.3.12; but more commonly ἐκ παίδων, ἐκ παιδός, etc., Pl.R. 408d, Thg. 128d:— ἀπό in non-temporal relations, ἀρξάμενος ἀπὸ σοῦ. i.e. including yourself, Pl.Grg. 471c, cf. D.18.297;ἀπὸ τῶν πατέρων X.Mem.3.5.15
; ; ἀφ' ἱερῶν ἠργμένη ἀρχή ib. 771a;ἀφ' Ἑστίας ἀρχόμενος Ar.V. 846
.3 c. gen. rei et dat. pers., ἄρχε θεοῖς δαιτός begin a banquet to the gods, Il.15.95;τοῖς ἄρα μύθων ἦρχε 2.433
, etc.;τῇσι δὲ.. ἄρχετο μολπῆς Od.6.101
;ἦρξε τῇ πόλει ἀνομίας τὸ νόσημα Th.2.53
, cf. 12;τὴν ἡμέραν ἄρχειν ἐλευθερίας τῇ Ἑλλάδι X.HG2.2.23
; .4 c. acc., ἄρχειν ὁδόν τινι, show him the way, Od.8.107 (but also ἄρχειν ὁδοῖο lead the way, 5.237): abs. (sc. ὁδόν), ἄρχε δ' Ἀθήνη 3.12
;σὺ μὲν ἄρχε Il.9.69
; ;ἦρχε δ' ἄρα σφιν Ἄρης 5.592
, cf. infr. 11.2: with other accusatives,ἄρχειν ὕμνον Pi.N.3.10
;ἅπερ ἦρξεν A.Ag. 1529
(lyr.);λυπηρόν τι S.El. 552
; .5 of actions,σέο δ' ἕξεται ὅττι κεν ἄρχῃ Il.9.102
: freq. c. inf., τοῖσιν δ' ἦρχ' ἀγορεύειν among them, Il.1.571, etc.; ἦρχε νέεσθαι, ἦρχ' ἴμεν, 2.84, 13.329;ἄρχετε νῦν νέκυας φορέειν Od.22.437
, etc.;ὑφαίνειν ἤρχετο μῆτιν Il.7.324
;ἤρξαντο οἰκοδομεῖν Th.1.107
;ἡ νόσος ἤρξατο γενέσθαι Id.2.47
: c. part., of continued action or condition,ἦρχον χαλεπαίνων Il.2.378
;ἢν ἄρξῃ ἀδικέων Hdt.4.119
;ἡ ψυχὴ ἄρχεται ἀπολείπουσα X.Cyr.8.7.26
;πόθεν ἂν ὀρθῶς ἀρξαίμεθα ἐπαινοῦντες; Pl.Mx. 237a
, cf. Tht. 187a (butἄ. ἐπαινεῖν Id.Phdr. 241e
);ἄρξομαι διδάσκων X.Cyr.8.8.2
(butἤρξω μανθάνειν Id.Mem.3.5.22
).6 abs., take the lead!Il.
9.69: generally, begin, ἄρχειν [τὴν ἐκεχειρίαν] τήνδε τὴν ἡμέραν Indut. ap. Th.4.118, cf. Lex ap.D.24.42; τὸ ἄρχον, opp. τὸ ἑπόμενον, Dam.Pr. 234: part. at first,X.
Eq.9.3, Cyn.3.8, Isoc.2.54; at the beginning,ἀρχομένου δὲ πίθου καὶ λήγοντος Hes.Op. 368
, cf. Fr.192.4; ;ἄρχεται ὁ πόλεμος ἐνθένδε Th.2.1
; ἅμα ἦρι ἀρχομένῳ ibid.; θέρους εὐθὺς ἀρχομένου ib.47.II in point of Place or Station, rule, govern, command,1 mostly c. gen., rule, be leader of..,Βοιωτῶν Il.2.494
, cf. Hdt.5.1, etc.2 less freq. c. dat.,ἀνδράσιν ἦρξα Od.14.230
, cf. 471, Il.2.805, Pi.P.3.4, A.Pr. 940, E.Andr. 666, IA 337, IG7.2830 ([place name] Hyettus), etc.; also ἐν δ' ἄρα τοῖσιν ἦρχ' held command among them, Il.13.690, cf. Pl.Phdr. 238a: c. inf. added, ἄρχε Μυρμιδόνεσσι μάχεσθαι led them on to fight, Il.16.65.3 abs., rule, , cf. Pers. 774; esp. hold a magistracy, ; at Athens, etc., to be archon, D.21.178; ἀρχάς, ἀρχὴν ἄρχειν, Hdt.3.80, Th.6.54; ἄρχειν τὴν ἐπώνυμον (with or without ἀρχήν) IG3.659, 693, SIG872.7.4 [voice] Pass., with [tense] fut.ἄρξομαι Hdt.7.159
, Pi.O.8.45, A.Pers. 589, Lys.28.7; butἀρχθήσομαι Arist.Pol. 1259b40
, D.C.65.10:—to be ruled, governed, etc.,ὑπό τινος Hdt.1.127
; , Ant.63;ὑπό τινι Hdt.1.91
, 103;σφόδρα ὑπό τινος Lys.12.92
; ap.D.L.1.60, cf. Pl.Prt. 326d;δύνασθαι καὶ ἄρχεσθαι καὶ ἄρχειν Arist. Pol. 1277b14
; subjects,X.
An.2 6.19, etc.
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Aristotle: Ethics and politics — Roger Crisp ETHICS BACKGROUND AND METHOD Aristotle wrote no books on ethics. Rather, he gave lectures, the notes for which subsequently were turned by others into two books, the Nicomachean Ethics (NE) and the Eudemian Ethics (EE). There is much… … History of philosophy
