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1 έρρηχα
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2 ἔρρηχα
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3 ῥήγνῡμι
ῥήγνῡμι und ῥηγνύω, fut. ῥήξω, aor. ἔῤῥηξα, perf. I. ἔῤῥηχα, nur LXX., aber ἔῤῥωγα in intrans. Bdtg (s. unten), aor. pass. ἐῤῥάγην, ep. impf. ῥήγνυσκε, Il. 7, 141 (vgl. auch ῥήσσω, ῥάσσω), – reißen, sprengen, durchschlagen, durchreißen, von allem gewaltsamen Oeffnen u. Losmachen od. Verletzen, z. B. τεῖχος, πύλας, ϑύρας, χαλκόν, σάκος, ϑώρηκας, ἱμάντα, νευρήν, τένοντε, ὀστέον, χρόα u. dgl.; Il. oft, in der Od. nur einmal, 12, 409; ῥήξας πέπλους, Aesch. Pers. 460, wie 195 u. Eur. Hec. 559; σίδηρον ϑραυσϑέντα καὶ ῥαγέντα πλεῖστ' ἂν εἰςίδοις, Soph. Ant. 472; ἔῤῥηξεν ὀστᾶ, Eur. Herc. F. 994, u. öfter; γῆς δάπεδον ἀρότροις, Ar. Plut. 515; bes. auch eine Schlachtreihe durchbrechen, auseinandersprengen, φάλαγγα, ὅμιλον, στίχας ἀνδρῶν, Il. 6, 6. 11, 538. 15, 615; auch im med., ῥήξασϑαι φάλαγγας, sich die feindlichen Schlachtreihen brechen, um durchzudringen, 11, 90. 13, 680. 15, 409; τὸ μέσον ῥῆξαι, die Mitte, das Centrum durchbrechen, Her. 8, 113; δεσμά, Luc. D. D. 17, 1; τὰς πύλας, Paras. 46; – durch Reißen losmachen, entfesseln, ἔριδα, d. i. Streit erheben, erregen, Il. 20, 55; bes. φωνήν, die Stimme gleichsam losreißen, die gefesselte Stimme plötzlich lösen und zuerst zu reden anfangen, von Stummen u. Kindern, Her. 1, 85. 2, 2; übh. frei herausreden, 5, 93; ῥῆξαι und ῥήξασϑαι αὐδήν, φωνήν, Eur. Suppl. 710 Ar. Nubb. 356. 947; οὐδεὶς ἐτόλμ ησε ῥῆξαι φωνήν, Dem. 9, 61; Agath. 10 (V, 222); ϑροον, φϑόγγον, in der Anth. oft; eben so ῥῆξαι βροντήν, Ar. Nubb. 579; äbnlich δακρύων ῥήξασα ϑερμὰ νάμα τα, Soph. Tr. 915, in Thränen ausbrechen, den Thränenquell hervorbrechen lassen; auch χῶρος ῥήγνυσι πηγάς, die Gegend läßt Quellen durch-, hervorbrechen, Plut. Mar. 19. – Pass. gebrochen werden, sich brechen, ῥήγνυτο κῦμα, Il. 18, 67, vgl. 4. 425; brechen, Hes. Sc. 377; πολλῶν ῥαγεισῶν ἐλπ ίδων, Aesch. Ag. 491; βροντὴ ἐῤῥάγη δι' ἀστραπῆς, Soph. frg. 507, wiederholt von Ar. Nubb. 583; ἐῤῥήγνυτο τὸ τεῖχος, barst, Xen. Hell. 5, 2, 5; ῥαγῆναί τι τῆς γῆς, Plat. Rep. II, 359 d; ῥαγῆναι τήν ναῠν, Dem. 56, 21; auch ῥηγνύμενος ὑπὸ πλησμονῆς, Plut. Symp. 3, 6, 4. – So wird aber auch das act., bes. das perf. ἔῤῥωγα in intr. Bdtg gebraucht, bersten, reißen, springen, ἔῤῥωγεν παγὰ δακρύων, Soph. Tr. 849; vgl. Valck. zu Eur. Hipp. 1338 – Dah. aus-, los-, hereinbrechen; so vom Unglück, κακῶν δὴ πέλαγος ἔῤῥωγεν μέγα Πέρσαις, Aesch. Pers. 425, brach über die Perser herein; τάδ' ἐκ δυοῖν ἔῤῥωγεν κακά, Soph. O. R. 1280, vgl. 1076, wie Eur. μάλιστα νῠν σοί που τάδ' ἔῤῥωγεν κακά, Hipp. 1338.
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4 ῥήγνυμι
Aἀναρ- Hp.Flat.10
: [tense] impf.κατ-ερρήγνυε D.21.63
, etc.); later [full] ῥήσσω, Gal.10.640, Orib.Fr.93, Gloss.;ῥήσσεσθαι PHolm.6.3
, cf. 4.22; ἀπο-, δια-ρρήσσεσθαι, Hp.Int.17,42; [full] ῥήττω, Str.11.14.8, Dsc.4.150 (v.l. ῥήσσει), ([etym.] περι-) Id.2.98, 3.18 (v.l. περιρρήσσει); ῥήττεσθαι Bito 45.8
, Str.7.3.18: [dialect] Ep. [tense] impf.ῥήγνυσκε Il.7.141
: [tense] fut.ῥήξω 12.262
, Hdt.2.2, ([etym.] ἐκ-) S.Aj. 775: [tense] aor.ἔρρηξα Il.3.348
, Pi.N.8.29, Ar.Nu. 960;ῥῆξα Il.6.6
: [tense] pf. ἔρρηχα ([etym.] δι-) LXX 2 Ki.14.30, 15.32:—[voice] Med. ῥήγνῠμαι, [tense] fut. ῥήξομαι, [tense] aor. ἐρρηξάμην, all in Il. (12.257, 224, 291), [tense] pres. also in Hp.VC4,12: [tense] aor. , ([etym.] κατ-) X.Cyr.3.1.13; [dialect] Ep. [ per.] 3pl.ῥήξαντο Il.11.90
:—[voice] Pass., subj.ῥήγνῡται Hippon.19.4
: [dialect] Ep. [ per.] 3sg. [tense] impf.ῥηγνύατο Arat.817
: [tense] fut.ῥᾰγήσομαι Plu.2.668a
, ([etym.] διαρ-, ἐκ-) Ar.Eq. 340, A.Pr. 369, etc.: [tense] aor. ἐρράγην [ᾰ] S.Fr. 578, Ar.Nu. 583, etc.; later ἐρρήχθην, Tryph.11; δια-ρρηχθῇ (v.l. -ρραγῇ) Hp.Int.29: [tense] pf. ἔρρηγμαι ([etym.] συν-) Od.8.137; but intr. [tense] pf. ἔρρωγα is more freq., v. infr. c. 1; [tense] pf. part. fem. ἐρρηγεῖα, v. infr. c. 2; masc. pl.κατ-ερρηγότας Hsch.
The word is hardly used by correct [dialect] Att. Prose-writers, exc. in [voice] Pass.:—break asunder, rend, shatter,τεῖχος Il.12.198
;πύλας 13.124
;σάκος 21.165
;θώρηκας 2.544
;ἱμάντα 3.375
;νευρήν 8.328
;ὀστέον 20.399
;χρόα 23.673
; only once in Od., :—later, esp. rend garments, in sign of grief,ῥ. πέπλους A.Pers. 199
, 468; ῥ. ἕλκεα make grievous wounds, Pi.N.8.29; ῥ. ὀστᾶ, σάρκας, E.HF 994, Ba. 1130;ἀρότροις γῆς δάπεδον Ar.Pl. 515
: in [dialect] Ion. and later Prose,ῥήγνυσι.. τὸν ἀμφὶ τὴν ὄψιν χιτῶνα Hp.VM19
;ῥήττειν νευράν Str.15.1.57
;τὰ δεσμά Luc.DDeor.17.1
;τὰς πύλας Id.Par.46
;μὴ στραφέντες ῥήξωσιν ὑμᾶς Ev.Matt.7.6
:—[voice] Med., break for oneself, get broken,ὄρνυσθ'.. ῥήγνυσθε δὲ τεῖχος Il.12.440
, cf. 224, 257, 291:—[voice] Pass., v. infr. B.2 break a line of battle or body of men, ῥ. φάλαγγα, ὅμιλον, στίχας ἀνδρῶν, Il.6.6, 11.538, 15.615; τὸ μέσον ῥῆξαι break through the centre, Hdt. 6.113: abs., ἐρρηξάτην ἐς κύκλα.. ὅπλων broke through, S.Fr.210.9:— [voice] Med., ῥήξασθαι φάλαγγας, στίχας, break oneself a way through the lines, Il.11.90, 13.680, cf. E.Heracl. 835;ῥηξαμένῳ θέσθαι παρὰ νηυσὶ κέλευθον Il.12.411
.4 after Hom., ῥῆξαι φωνήν let loose the voice, of children and persons who have been dumb or silent, break into speech, speak out, Hdt.1.85, 2.2, 5.93, cf. Ar.Nu. 357, 960;ῥῆξαι αὐδήν E.Supp. 710
; later ῥήξασθαι φωνήν, θρόον αὐδῆς, φθόγγον, utter, AP5.221 (Agath.), 7.597 (Jul.), 9.61: abs., ῥῆξον καὶ βόησον cry aloud, LXXIs.54.1; v. infr.c.5 also δακρύων ῥήξασα.. νάματα having let loose, having burst into floods of tears, S.Tr. 919; κλαυθμὸν ῥ. Plu.Per.36;ῥ. τὰ ὄρη εὐφροσύνην LXX Is.49.13
;ῥήγνυσι πηγὰς ὁ χῶρος Plu.Mar.19
;ῥ. νεφέλην ἔς τινας Philostr.Im.2.27
; v. infr. B.B [voice] Pass., break, break asunder, burst,κῦμα ῥήγνυτο Il.18.67
;κῦμα.. χέρσῳ ῥηγνύμενον 4.425
, Hes.Sc. 377; of clouds, Ar.Nu. 378; ῥαγῆναί τι τῆς γῆς, as in an earthquake, Pl.R. 359d;ῥαγεῖσα Θηβαίων κόνις S.Fr. 958
;ἱμάτια ῥαγέντα X.Cyr.1.6.16
; ; ῥήττονται ὑδρίαι (by the cold) Str.7.3.18; τοῖς βασκάνοις εἶναι ῥήγνυσθαι may the envious burst, Aristid.Or.50 (26).69;τοῖς εἴ τις εὐδοκιμήσειεν ἐπί τῳ ῥηγνυμένοις Lib.Or.29.13
, cf. Or.1.207.2 burst forth, like lightning, βροντὴ δ' ἐρράγη δι' , Ar.Nu. 583, cf. Plu.2.919b; soκαταμηνίων ῥαγέντων Hp.Aph.5.32
, cf. Nat.Mul.13, Arist.HA 582b10, etc.3 of ships, to be wrecked, D.56.21: metaph.,πολλῶν ῥαγεισῶν ἐλπίδων A.Ag. 505
.4 of a stone, γράμματι ῥηγνύμενον scored with lettering, i.e. inscribed, Puchstein Epigr.Gr.p.76 (Memphis, i B.C.).C intr., like [voice] Pass., break or burst forth,ἔρρηξεν ἔμετος Hp.Epid. 4.24
;τὸ πνεῦμα ῥήγνυσι Id.Nat.Puer.12
; : metaph.,ὁποῖα χρῄζει ῥηγνύτω S.OT 1076
(in answer to the words δέδοιχ' ὅπως μὴ.. ἀναρρήξει κακά): freq. in this signf. in [tense] pf. ἔρρωγα, to have broken out,ἔρρωγε παγὰ δακρύων Id.Tr. 852
(lyr.): metaph.,κακῶν πέλαγος ἔρρωγεν A.Pers. 433
;τάδ' ἐκ δυοῖν ἔρρωγεν.. κακά S.OT 1280
;σοὶ τάδ' ἔρρωγεν κακά E.Hipp. 1338
; broken, disjointed,Com.Adesp.
661.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ῥήγνυμι
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5 ῥήγνυμι
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `to tear (up), to break (to pieces), to burst' (Il.).Other forms: Fut. ῥήξω, aor. ῥῆξαι (all Il.), perf. midd. ἔρρηγ-μαι (θ 137), act. (intr.) ἔρρωγα (Archil., Hp., trag.), ptc. ἐρρηγεῖα (Tab. Heracl.), trans. ἔρρηχα (hell.), aor. pass. ῥαγῆναι (Il.) w. fut. ῥαγήσομαι (A. a.o.), ῥηχθῆναι (late); new pres. ῥήσσω, ῥήττω (Hp., hell.; to ῥῆξαι, ῥήξω).Compounds: Often w. prefix, e.g. ἀπο-, δια-, ἐκ-, κατα-, περι-. As 1. member in verbal governing compp. ῥηξ(ι)-, e.g. ῥηξ-ήνωρ adjunct. of Achilles, `breaking the (rows of) men' (Hom.) with - ηνορίη (ξ 217); cf. Sommer Nominalkomp. 180; diff. Muller Mnem. 46, 135ff.: to Lat. regō (by Kretschmer Glotta 11,249 rightly doubted); Jernstedt (s. Idg. Jb. 14, 151): to ῥήσσω `to throw (down)'; cf. the lit. on ἀνήρ.Derivatives: A. With full grade: 1. ῥῆγμα ( ἔκ-, σύν-) n. `tore, cleft, breach' (IA.) with ῥηγματίης, - τώδης (Hp.); 2. ῥηγμός `id.' (pap. IIIa); 3. ῥηγμίν (- μίς), - μῖνος f. `breaking down of a cart, breaking of the sea' (ep. Il.); ῑν-deriv.; cf. Chantraine Form. 168, Schwyzer 465; after Pisani Ist. Lomb. 73: 2, 40 influenced by θῑν ( θίς); 4. ῥῆξις ( κατά-, περί- etc.), Aeol. Ϝρῆξις f. `breaking through, breach' (Alc., Hp., E., Arist.) with ῥηκτικός ( κατα-) `fragile, brittle' (Hp., Aët.); 5. ῥήκτης m. "the disruptor", des. of a certain form of earthquake (Arist., Lyd.); 6. Ϝρηγαλέον (cod. τρ-) διερρωγότα H.; cf. below B 4 and Leumann Hom. Wörter 273; 7. αὔρηκτος = ἄ-Ϝρηκτος `unbroken' (Hdn. Gr.). -- B. With ω-ablaut: 1. ῥώξ f. only ῥῶγας acc.pl. (χ 143) `tore' = `narrow passage' (cf.Wace JHSt. 71, 203ff., Bérard REGr. 67, 23ff.), further in prefixcompp., e.g. ἀπορρώξ `torn off', f. `torn off piece, outflow' (ep. poet. Il.); 2. διαρρωγή f. `gap, interspace' (Hp.); ῥωγαί ῥήξεις H.; 3. ῥωγάς, - άδος `torn up, cleft' (hell. poetry.); 4. ῥωγαλέος `torn up, full of holes' (Hom.); 5. ῥωγμή f. `breach, tore' (Hp., Arist.) with ῥωγματίης (Hp. ap. Gal.; cf. A 1); ῥωχμός m. `tore, cleft, gap' (Ψ 420, hell. ; \< - σμο-, Schwyzer 493), - μαί pl. `id.' (Marc. Sid.). -- C. With zero grade: 1. ῥαγή ( δια-), ῥαγάς, ῥάγδην, ῥαγδαῖος s. ῥαγή; 2. ῥάγος n. `rag, shred' (pap. IIp), ῥαγόεις (Nic.) after ῥάκος (s.v.), - όεις; 3. περιρραγ-ής `broken around' (AP; from περι-ρραγῆναι).Origin: IE [Indo-European] [1182] *wreh₁ǵ- `break'Etymology: With ῥήγνυμι \< *Ϝρήγνυμι (cf. Ϝρῆξις, Ϝρηγαλέος) agrees semant. exactly primary Arm. ergic-anem, aor. ergic-i with the usu. caus. ergic-uc̣anem `tear apart, break'. Also phonetically they agree well except the stemvowel, as Arm. ergic-anem prop. requires an IE diphthong (u̯reiǵ-) against Gr. ῥηγ- \< u̯rēg-. If the regular phonetic development was not disturbed by one or other derailment, what would hardly suprise with a verb of this meaning, the verbs must be seprated; cf. Frisk Etyma Armen. 29 (with another hypothesis on ergicanem). Phonetically doubtful but semant. less convincing is the comparison (since Meillet MSL 9, 142) with a Balto-Slav. verb for `beat etc.' in Lith. rė́žti `cut, incise, beat', OCS rězati ' κόπτειν', Russ. rézatь `cut, slaughter' usw., to which also a.o. Russ. razítь `beat'; cf. on ῥάσσω w. lit.; older lit. in Bq and WP. 1, 319 a. 2, 344. The forms with ῥαγ- must be secondary (as *u̯r̥h₁ǵ- would give Ϝρηγ-).Page in Frisk: 2,652-653Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ῥήγνυμι
См. также в других словарях:
ἔρρηχα — ῥήγνυμι break asunder perf ind act 1st sg (epic ionic) ῥήσσω strike perf ind act 1st sg … Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)
