ישן

עוּרI (b. h.) ( to be stirred up, v. עָרַר, to wake (act. a. neut.). Y.B. Bath.III, 14a וצריך לעזרו, read לעורר, v. infra.Part. עֵר; f. עֵרָה; pl. עֵרִים, עֵרוֹת, עֵי׳. B. Kam.II, 5 בין ער בין ישן whether awake or asleep. Nidd.12a. Sabb.55b; Snh.82a (ref. to Mal. 2:12) שלא יהיה לו ער … ועונהוכ׳ he shall have none awakening (teaching) among the teachers and none responding among the scholars. Cant. R. to V, 2 אני ישנה מן המצות ולבי ער לגמילת הסדים I am asleep (negligent) in ceremonies, but my heart is awake for charity; אני ישנה מן הצדקות ולבי ער לעשותן I am asleep (careless) about righteous deeds, but my heart awakens me (stirs me up) to do them; ib. ולבו שלהקב״ה ער לגאלני but the heart of the Lord, is awake (anxious) to redeem me; Pesik. Haḥod. p. 46b>; Pesik. R. s. 15 ולבי ער להקב״ה לגאלני but my heart is awake (waiting) for the Lord to redeem me; Yalk. Cant. 988; Tanḥ. ed. Bub., Toldoth 18. Der. Er. Zuta ch. V לא יהא אדם ער … בין העי׳ one must not be awake among those sleeping, nor asleep among those awake. Nidd. l. c. בין ישנות בין ע׳ whether they are asleep or awake; a. fr. Nif. נֵעוֹר, נֵי׳ to be awake, wake up; to be stirred up, become active. B. Bath.74b והוהר״א ישן ור״י נעור (not ניער) R. E. was asleep, and R. J. awake. Gitt.VIII, 2 (78a) (נֵי׳) נֵעוֹרָה קוראהוכ׳ when she woke up, she read and found it was her letter of divorce. Ab. III, 4 הנ׳ בלילה he who is awake by night. Sifré. Deut. 314 כדי שיעֵוֹרוּ בניו (not שיעירו) that his young brood may wake up; Yalk. ib. 944. Cant. R. to IV, 8 (read:) בתחלה הוא נעורוכ׳ (or נִנְעַר, v. נָעַר II) first he bestirs himself (and proceeds) from the Temple ; a. fr.Ab. Zar.73a, a. fr. מצא מין את מינו וניעור kind found its kind and was stirred up, i. e. the two equal elements in the mixture join to become working agents.V. נָעַר II. Hif. הֵעִיר to make up; to stir up, instigate. Gen. R. s. 43 מי הוא זה שה׳ לבם של מזרחייםוכ׳ who was he that stirred up the heart of the eastsrn nations that they should come and fall ?; Yalk. Is. 311 שה׳ בלבם של אזרחיים (corr. acc.). Ib. ישנים … ומי הֵעִירָן לבאוכ׳ the nations were too indifferent to come under the wings of the Lord, and who waked them up to come under his wings? Snh.25b (expl. מפריחי יונים, ib. III, 3) אלו שמְעִירִיןוכ׳ Ms. M. (ed. שממרין) those who stir up the pigeons (on which they bet), v. מָרָה II. Hof. הוּעַר to be stirred up, be removed. Gen. R. s. 85 שה׳ מן העולם, v. עֵר II; Yalk. ib. 145. Polel עוֹרֵר 1) to wake up. Y.Ber.I, 2d (ref. to Ps. 57:9) דרכן … להיות השחר מְעוֹרְרָן it is usual with kings that the dawn wakes them up; Tanḥ. Bha‘ăl. דרך השחר מְעוֹרֵר … מעוררוכ׳ usually the dawn wakes the sons of man, but I wake the dawn up. Y.Ber.IX, 13d bot. היודע … הוא יְעוֹרֵר אתכם he that knows your numbers wake you (from death); a. fr.Y.Ter.V, end, 43d מעורר את מינו ליאסר stirs up its kind (makes it an agent) to become forbidden, v. supra.Maas. Sh. V, 15 בטל את המְעוֹרְרִים abolished the wakers; Sot.IX. 10, expl. ib. 48a; Tosef. ib. XIII, 9 מעוררין אילו הלויםוכ׳ the wakers are the Levites, who … sang, Awake (Ps. 44:24). Lev. R. s. 7, beg. שנאה … היא עוֹרְרָה עליהן דיני דינין hatred … stirred up against them judgment upon judgment; a. fr. 2) to excite to lamentation, arrange a memorial service, engage a travelling waiter. M. Kat. I, 5 לא יְעוֹרֵרוכ׳ one must not arrange a memorial service, v. סַפְדָּנָא; ib. 8a לא יערער, v. עִרְעֵר. 3) to raise an objection; to contest the legality of. Y.B. Bath.III, 14a (interch. with עָרַר) מכיון שערר … צריך לעוֹרֵר עליו since he contested the right of possession in three successive years, he need no longer contest. Ib. צריך לעורו (corr. acc.); v. עָרַר a. עִרְעֵר. Hithpol. הִתְעוֹרֵר, Nithpol. נִתְעוֹרֵר 1) to be waked up; to bestir ones self. Lev. R. l. c. עד שנה שנִתְעוֹרְרָה עליהןוכ׳ up to the year when it (hatred) was stirred up against them Ib. s. 9 (ref. to Cant. 4:16) לכשיִתְעוֹרְרוּ הגליותוכ׳ when the exiled colonies in the north are waked up (to be redeemed), they will come ; ib. לכשיִתְעוֹרֵר גוגוכ׳ when Gog bestirs himself (to war) Ib. דבר שהוא ישן ונתע׳ a thing (the daily offering) which was asleep (during the captivity) and has been reawakened (reinstated); a. e. 2) to be lively; to enjoy ones self. Midr. Till. to Ps. 149 הִתְעוֹרְדוּ עליוכ׳ enjoy yourselves with me at your pleasure.

עוּרI (b. h.) ( to be stirred up, v. עָרַר, to wake (act. a. neut.). Y.B. Bath.III, 14a וצריך לעזרו, read לעורר, v. infra.Part. עֵר; f. עֵרָה; pl. עֵרִים, עֵרוֹת, עֵי׳. B. Kam.II, 5 בין ער בין ישן whether awake or asleep. Nidd.12a. Sabb.55b; Snh.82a (ref. to Mal. 2:12) שלא יהיה לו ער … ועונהוכ׳ he shall have none awakening (teaching) among the teachers and none responding among the scholars. Cant. R. to V, 2 אני ישנה מן המצות ולבי ער לגמילת הסדים I am asleep (negligent) in ceremonies, but my heart is awake for charity; אני ישנה מן הצדקות ולבי ער לעשותן I am asleep (careless) about righteous deeds, but my heart awakens me (stirs me up) to do them; ib. ולבו שלהקב״ה ער לגאלני but the heart of the Lord, is awake (anxious) to redeem me; Pesik. Haḥod. p. 46b>; Pesik. R. s. 15 ולבי ער להקב״ה לגאלני but my heart is awake (waiting) for the Lord to redeem me; Yalk. Cant. 988; Tanḥ. ed. Bub., Toldoth 18. Der. Er. Zuta ch. V לא יהא אדם ער … בין העי׳ one must not be awake among those sleeping, nor asleep among those awake. Nidd. l. c. בין ישנות בין ע׳ whether they are asleep or awake; a. fr. Nif. נֵעוֹר, נֵי׳ to be awake, wake up; to be stirred up, become active. B. Bath.74b והוהר״א ישן ור״י נעור (not ניער) R. E. was asleep, and R. J. awake. Gitt.VIII, 2 (78a) (נֵי׳) נֵעוֹרָה קוראהוכ׳ when she woke up, she read and found it was her letter of divorce. Ab. III, 4 הנ׳ בלילה he who is awake by night. Sifré. Deut. 314 כדי שיעֵוֹרוּ בניו (not שיעירו) that his young brood may wake up; Yalk. ib. 944. Cant. R. to IV, 8 (read:) בתחלה הוא נעורוכ׳ (or נִנְעַר, v. נָעַר II) first he bestirs himself (and proceeds) from the Temple ; a. fr.Ab. Zar.73a, a. fr. מצא מין את מינו וניעור kind found its kind and was stirred up, i. e. the two equal elements in the mixture join to become working agents.V. נָעַר II. Hif. הֵעִיר to make up; to stir up, instigate. Gen. R. s. 43 מי הוא זה שה׳ לבם של מזרחייםוכ׳ who was he that stirred up the heart of the eastsrn nations that they should come and fall ?; Yalk. Is. 311 שה׳ בלבם של אזרחיים (corr. acc.). Ib. ישנים … ומי הֵעִירָן לבאוכ׳ the nations were too indifferent to come under the wings of the Lord, and who waked them up to come under his wings? Snh.25b (expl. מפריחי יונים, ib. III, 3) אלו שמְעִירִיןוכ׳ Ms. M. (ed. שממרין) those who stir up the pigeons (on which they bet), v. מָרָה II. Hof. הוּעַר to be stirred up, be removed. Gen. R. s. 85 שה׳ מן העולם, v. עֵר II; Yalk. ib. 145. Polel עוֹרֵר 1) to wake up. Y.Ber.I, 2d (ref. to Ps. 57:9) דרכן … להיות השחר מְעוֹרְרָן it is usual with kings that the dawn wakes them up; Tanḥ. Bha‘ăl. דרך השחר מְעוֹרֵר … מעוררוכ׳ usually the dawn wakes the sons of man, but I wake the dawn up. Y.Ber.IX, 13d bot. היודע … הוא יְעוֹרֵר אתכם he that knows your numbers wake you (from death); a. fr.Y.Ter.V, end, 43d מעורר את מינו ליאסר stirs up its kind (makes it an agent) to become forbidden, v. supra.Maas. Sh. V, 15 בטל את המְעוֹרְרִים abolished the wakers; Sot.IX. 10, expl. ib. 48a; Tosef. ib. XIII, 9 מעוררין אילו הלויםוכ׳ the wakers are the Levites, who … sang, Awake (Ps. 44:24). Lev. R. s. 7, beg. שנאה … היא עוֹרְרָה עליהן דיני דינין hatred … stirred up against them judgment upon judgment; a. fr. 2) to excite to lamentation, arrange a memorial service, engage a travelling waiter. M. Kat. I, 5 לא יְעוֹרֵרוכ׳ one must not arrange a memorial service, v. סַפְדָּנָא; ib. 8a לא יערער, v. עִרְעֵר. 3) to raise an objection; to contest the legality of. Y.B. Bath.III, 14a (interch. with עָרַר) מכיון שערר … צריך לעוֹרֵר עליו since he contested the right of possession in three successive years, he need no longer contest. Ib. צריך לעורו (corr. acc.); v. עָרַר a. עִרְעֵר. Hithpol. הִתְעוֹרֵר, Nithpol. נִתְעוֹרֵר 1) to be waked up; to bestir ones self. Lev. R. l. c. עד שנה שנִתְעוֹרְרָה עליהןוכ׳ up to the year when it (hatred) was stirred up against them Ib. s. 9 (ref. to Cant. 4:16) לכשיִתְעוֹרְרוּ הגליותוכ׳ when the exiled colonies in the north are waked up (to be redeemed), they will come ; ib. לכשיִתְעוֹרֵר גוגוכ׳ when Gog bestirs himself (to war) Ib. דבר שהוא ישן ונתע׳ a thing (the daily offering) which was asleep (during the captivity) and has been reawakened (reinstated); a. e. 2) to be lively; to enjoy ones self. Midr. Till. to Ps. 149 הִתְעוֹרְדוּ עליוכ׳ enjoy yourselves with me at your pleasure.

אֶשְׁתָּקַד 1) (contr. of שַׁתָּא קַדְמָאָה) last year; cmp. אֶשְׁתָּדָא. Y.Gitt.III, end, 45b ישן משל א׳ ‘old produces means last years crop. Bets.5b; a. fr. 2) (contr. of שַׁעְתָּא קַדְ׳) previously, ere this. Targ. Y. Lev. 16:21.

אֶשְׁתָּקַד 1) (contr. of שַׁתָּא קַדְמָאָה) last year; cmp. אֶשְׁתָּדָא. Y.Gitt.III, end, 45b ישן משל א׳ ‘old produces means last years crop. Bets.5b; a. fr. 2) (contr. of שַׁעְתָּא קַדְ׳) previously, ere this. Targ. Y. Lev. 16:21.

יָנַן (b. h.; cmp. נענע a. יְנִי II) 1) (neut. verb) to move quickly; to glisten, be bright. 2) (act. verb), v. infra. Pi. יִינֵּן (= נענע) to shake, awaken, stir up. Pirké dR. El. ch. 32 the Messiah is named Yinnon (v. יִנּוֹן) שהוא עתיר ליַינֵּן ישני עפר (Mus. quotes לִינוֹן Kal, cmp. לִישוֹן fr. ישן, Koh. 5:11) for he will awaken those sleeping in the dust; Midr. Till. to Ps. 93 לִינוֹן (missing in ed. Bub.); Yalk. Kings 200 עתיד ליינן רשעי ארץ he will stir up the wicked of the earth; Yalk. Gen. 45 ליַאנֵּן לעבו״ם.

יָשַׁן(b. h.; cmp. preced. wds. a. אֵיתָן) to be strong, hard, old (cmp. קשיש).V. יוֹשֶׁן a. next w. Pi. יִישֵּׁן to let grow old ( strong), keep, reserve. B. Bath.91b דברים שדרכן ליַישְּׁנָן things which it is customary to keep (to store, as wine). Deut. R. s. 9, beg. מן היין הזה אני מְיַישֵּׁןוכ׳ of this wine I will store away a portion for my sons wedding. Tosef.Ab. Zar. VIII (IX), 3 צריך ליַשֵּׁן he must store them away (leave them unused); Tosef.Toh. XI, 16. Ib. כמה הוא מְיַשְּׁנָן, v. יִשּׁוּן; Y. Ab. Zar. V, end 45b מְיַישְּׁנָן כל י״בוכ׳ he must leave them unused for the whole twelve-month; Bab. ib. 75a.Part. pass. מְיוּשָּׁן stored up, v. infra. Y.B. Bath.VII, end, 15c. Y.Gitt.III, end, 45b ‘old means last years crop, מי׳ שלוכ׳ ‘stored means three years old. Hithpa. הִתְיַשֵּׁן to be stored up, to improve with age. Sifra Bhuck. ch. III; Yalk. Lev. 672 (ref. to ישן נושן, Lev. 26:10) כל המִתְיַשֵּׁן יפה מחבירו the sort which is stored up is the better of its kind; B. Bath. l. c. (read with Ms. R.:) כל המְיוּשָּׁן יפהמחבירו. Y. Gitt. l. c. הדא אמרה דאי מתישןוכ׳ this intimates that if wine is sold as mithyashshen (fit for storage) the seller is responsible for three years. Sifra l. c. לרבות כל המִתְיַישְּׁנִים including all produces fit for storage (besides wine); Yalk. l. c. לרבות כל הדבר המיושן. Nif. נוֹשָׁן same. B. Bath. l. c.; a. e., v. next w.

כַּרְמְלִיm. (sub. יין; v. preced.) Carmel wine. Tosef.Nidd.III, 11 (read:) היין השרוני הדומה לכ׳ חי ולא מזוג חדש ולא ישן Sharon wine (mixed) which resembles in color the Carmel wine pure but not mixed, new ; Nidd.21a.

כַּרְמְלִיm. (sub. יין; v. preced.) Carmel wine. Tosef.Nidd.III, 11 (read:) היין השרוני הדומה לכ׳ חי ולא מזוג חדש ולא ישן Sharon wine (mixed) which resembles in color the Carmel wine pure but not mixed, new ; Nidd.21a.

מָלֵאII m., מְלֵאָה, מְלֵיאָה f. (b. h.) full. Ab. IV, 20 יש … מ׳ ישן many a new vessel is full of old wine (many a young man is full of wisdom). Meg.6a (ref. to Ez. 26:2) אם מ׳ זו חרבה זו when one (of the two cities, Jerusalem and Caesarea) is full, the other is waste; a. fr.Esp. a full month, of thirty days. Bekh.58a זימנין מ׳וכ׳ at times (in some years) it is full, at times defective, v. חָסֵר; a. fr.Pl. מְלֵאִים, מְלֵאִין, מְלֵי׳; f. מְלֵאֹות, מְלֵי׳. Ber.57a; Erub.19a, a. e. מ׳ מצות כרמון are full of good deeds as a pomegranate (is full of seeds); a. fr.מְלֵאָה as a noun, v. מְלֵיאָה.

מָלֵאII m., מְלֵאָה, מְלֵיאָה f. (b. h.) full. Ab. IV, 20 יש … מ׳ ישן many a new vessel is full of old wine (many a young man is full of wisdom). Meg.6a (ref. to Ez. 26:2) אם מ׳ זו חרבה זו when one (of the two cities, Jerusalem and Caesarea) is full, the other is waste; a. fr.Esp. a full month, of thirty days. Bekh.58a זימנין מ׳וכ׳ at times (in some years) it is full, at times defective, v. חָסֵר; a. fr.Pl. מְלֵאִים, מְלֵאִין, מְלֵי׳; f. מְלֵאֹות, מְלֵי׳. Ber.57a; Erub.19a, a. e. מ׳ מצות כרמון are full of good deeds as a pomegranate (is full of seeds); a. fr.מְלֵאָה as a noun, v. מְלֵיאָה.

סַלְמִנְטוֹןm. (a corrupt. of salsamentum) salted food, preserve. Sifra Bhar, Par. 3, ch. IV (ref. to Lev. 25:22) ישן לא מלמטן (corr. acc., or סלסמן salsamen) ‘old produces (in natural condition,) not preserved; Yalk. Lev. 661 ולא סלמינטין (read: סַלְמִינְטוֹן); B. Bath.91b בלא ס׳ without need of preserving; v. רְצִינְתָּא.

סַלְמִנְטוֹןm. (a corrupt. of salsamentum) salted food, preserve. Sifra Bhar, Par. 3, ch. IV (ref. to Lev. 25:22) ישן לא מלמטן (corr. acc., or סלסמן salsamen) ‘old produces (in natural condition,) not preserved; Yalk. Lev. 661 ולא סלמינטין (read: סַלְמִינְטוֹן); B. Bath.91b בלא ס׳ without need of preserving; v. רְצִינְתָּא.

עַתִּיק, עַתִּיקָאI m., עַתִּיקָא, עַתִּיקְתָּא f. ch. (preced.) enduring, strong, old. Targ. Num. 6:3. Targ. O. Lev. 13:11 (Y. עתיקותא, read: עַתִּיקְתָּא); a. fr.Pes.119a (ref. to ולמכסה עתיק, Is. 23:18) דברים שכיסה ע׳ יומין the things which the Ancient of days (Dan. 7:22) has hidden. B. Bath.91b (ref. to 1 Chr. 4:22, v. preced.) דברים הללו ע׳ יומיא אמרן the Ancient of days has said these things; Yalk. Ruth 600. B. Kam.96b גזלנא ע׳ an inveterate robber. Pes.42b (expl. יין ישן) ע׳ עַתִּיקֵי very old wine. Yoma 29a מיגמר בע׳וכ׳, v. גְּמַר II; a. e.B. Bath.91b bot., v. עוּתְקָא.Pl. עַתִּיקִין, עַתִּיקַיָּא, עַתִּיקֵי. Targ. 1 Kings 8:2 (h. text האתנים).Y.Shek.II, beg.46c תקלין ע׳ old Shekels. Pes. l. c., v. supra; a. e.

עַתִּיק, עַתִּיקָאI m., עַתִּיקָא, עַתִּיקְתָּא f. ch. (preced.) enduring, strong, old. Targ. Num. 6:3. Targ. O. Lev. 13:11 (Y. עתיקותא, read: עַתִּיקְתָּא); a. fr.Pes.119a (ref. to ולמכסה עתיק, Is. 23:18) דברים שכיסה ע׳ יומין the things which the Ancient of days (Dan. 7:22) has hidden. B. Bath.91b (ref. to 1 Chr. 4:22, v. preced.) דברים הללו ע׳ יומיא אמרן the Ancient of days has said these things; Yalk. Ruth 600. B. Kam.96b גזלנא ע׳ an inveterate robber. Pes.42b (expl. יין ישן) ע׳ עַתִּיקֵי very old wine. Yoma 29a מיגמר בע׳וכ׳, v. גְּמַר II; a. e.B. Bath.91b bot., v. עוּתְקָא.Pl. עַתִּיקִין, עַתִּיקַיָּא, עַתִּיקֵי. Targ. 1 Kings 8:2 (h. text האתנים).Y.Shek.II, beg.46c תקלין ע׳ old Shekels. Pes. l. c., v. supra; a. e.

עַתִּיק, עַתִּיקָאI m., עַתִּיקָא, עַתִּיקְתָּא f. ch. (preced.) enduring, strong, old. Targ. Num. 6:3. Targ. O. Lev. 13:11 (Y. עתיקותא, read: עַתִּיקְתָּא); a. fr.Pes.119a (ref. to ולמכסה עתיק, Is. 23:18) דברים שכיסה ע׳ יומין the things which the Ancient of days (Dan. 7:22) has hidden. B. Bath.91b (ref. to 1 Chr. 4:22, v. preced.) דברים הללו ע׳ יומיא אמרן the Ancient of days has said these things; Yalk. Ruth 600. B. Kam.96b גזלנא ע׳ an inveterate robber. Pes.42b (expl. יין ישן) ע׳ עַתִּיקֵי very old wine. Yoma 29a מיגמר בע׳וכ׳, v. גְּמַר II; a. e.B. Bath.91b bot., v. עוּתְקָא.Pl. עַתִּיקִין, עַתִּיקַיָּא, עַתִּיקֵי. Targ. 1 Kings 8:2 (h. text האתנים).Y.Shek.II, beg.46c תקלין ע׳ old Shekels. Pes. l. c., v. supra; a. e.

עַתִּיק, עַתִּיקָאI m., עַתִּיקָא, עַתִּיקְתָּא f. ch. (preced.) enduring, strong, old. Targ. Num. 6:3. Targ. O. Lev. 13:11 (Y. עתיקותא, read: עַתִּיקְתָּא); a. fr.Pes.119a (ref. to ולמכסה עתיק, Is. 23:18) דברים שכיסה ע׳ יומין the things which the Ancient of days (Dan. 7:22) has hidden. B. Bath.91b (ref. to 1 Chr. 4:22, v. preced.) דברים הללו ע׳ יומיא אמרן the Ancient of days has said these things; Yalk. Ruth 600. B. Kam.96b גזלנא ע׳ an inveterate robber. Pes.42b (expl. יין ישן) ע׳ עַתִּיקֵי very old wine. Yoma 29a מיגמר בע׳וכ׳, v. גְּמַר II; a. e.B. Bath.91b bot., v. עוּתְקָא.Pl. עַתִּיקִין, עַתִּיקַיָּא, עַתִּיקֵי. Targ. 1 Kings 8:2 (h. text האתנים).Y.Shek.II, beg.46c תקלין ע׳ old Shekels. Pes. l. c., v. supra; a. e.

פָּטַר(b. h.) 1) to break through, open. Bekh.VIII, 1 (46a) (ref. to Ex. 13:2) עד שיִפְטְרוּ רחם מישראל (not שיפטרוה) provided they open the womb when the mother is an Israelite (although she conceived before her conversion); ib. 47a. 2) to send off, discharge, dismiss. Keth.XIII, 5, a. fr. או כנוס או פְּטוֹר (the betrothed has a right to say) either marry or release (me by divorce). Gitt.VI, 5 פִּטְרוּהָ … לא אמר כלום if one says to friends, ‘release her … he has said nothing (they are not authorized to write a letter of divorce, as it might mean, release her of her debts); ib. 65b ר׳ נתן אומר פַּטְּרוּהָ דבריו קיימין פִּיטָרוּהָ לא אמר כלום R. N. says, if he said paṭṭruha (Pi.), his words stand (a divorce is meant), but if he says piṭruha ( Kal) Ib. ר׳ נתן דבבלאה … בין פיטרוה לפטרוהוכ׳ R. N. who is a Babylonian, draws a distinction between piṭruha and paṭṭruha; our Tannai (in the Mishnah) being a Palestinian does not Ib. VIII, 4. פּוֹטֵר … בגט ישן a man may divorce his wife with an old letter of divorce (having been closeted with her after he had written it); Tosef. ib. VIII (VI), 3 אינו פוטרוכ׳ he must not divorce with an old letter, in order that the letter of divorce may not date farther back than (the conception of) her child; a. fr. 3) to dismiss, give leave, let go. Sot.IX, 6 ופְטַרְנוּהוּ בלא מזון and we let him (the stranger) go without provision. Midr. Till. to Ps. 91 מי גרול הפּוֹטֵר או הנִפְטָר which is the superior of the two? he who gives leave, or he who takes leave? Ib. (ref. to Gen. 32:27) הרי יעקב פוטר למלאך behold, Jacob gives leave to the angel; a. fr. 4) (law) to discharge, acquit; (ritual) to exempt from obligation, to declare free from punishment, eventually from sacrificial atonement, opp. חִיֵּיב. Erub.65a יכול אני לִפְטוֹרוכ׳ I can (by my plea) release from judgment the whole world (all Israelites) from the destruction of the Temple to the present time, for we read (Is. 51:21), Hear now this, thou afflicted and drunken (a drunken person is irresponsible); ib. מאי יכולני לפטור נמי מדין תפלה this ‘I can release means also from responsibility for neglect of prayer (the drunken not being permitted to pray). Succ.45b. Sabb.II, 5 ר׳ יוסי פוטר בכלןוכ׳ R. J. declares (him that did it) free from punishment or eventual sacrifice in all those cases, except Ker.IV, 2 ר׳ יהושע פוטר R. J. absolves him from bringing a sin-offering, opp. מחייב חטאת. Snh.V, 5 אם מצאו לו זכות פְּטָרוּהוּ if they found evidence in his favor, they (the court) acquitted him; a. v. fr.Trnsf. to cause exemption; to cover, include. Ber.VI, 5 ברך על היין … פ׳ את הייןוכ׳ if he recited the blessing over wine before the meal, he has therewith exempted the wine offered after the meal (from an additional blessing). Ib. 7 מברך על העיקר ופוטר את הטפלה he says the blessing over the chief dish, and with this he covers that which goes with it (v. טְפֵלָה). Yeb.I, 1 חמש … פּוֹטְרוֹת צרותיהן fifteen women (of various kinship with the yabam, by which he is prevented from marrying any of them) cover their rivals (making them free from dependence on the yabam for marriage or discharge); a. fr.Part. pass. פָּטוּר; f. פְּטוּרָה; pl. פְּטוּרִים, פְּטוּרִין; פְּטוּרוֹת (is, are) exempt, free, opp. חַיָּיב. Peah I, 6 ופ׳ מן המעשרותוכ׳ and he need not give the tithes, until B. Mets.VIII, 1 פ׳ (sub. מלשלם) he is free from indemnity. Ib. VII, 10 מתנה … להיות פ׳ משבועה may have an agreement to be eventually exempt from making oath; להיות פ׳ מלשלם to be exempt from responsibility. Kidd.I, 7 כל מצות הבן על האב … ונשים פ׳ to all paternal duties men are bound, but women (mothers) are exempt from them. Yeb.I, 2 כשם שבתו פ׳ כך צרתה פ׳ as well as his (the yabams) daughter is exempt (from the law of levirate marriage, because the yabam cannot marry her), so her rival is exempt; a. v. fr. Pi. פִּיטֵּר to dismiss; to divorce. Gitt.65b, v. supra. Kidd.31b פַּטְּרוּנִי dismiss (escort) me; a. e. Nif. נִפְטָר, Hithpa. הִתְפַטֵּר 1) to be exempted, freed. Bekh.II, 1 לא נִפְטְרוּ מבכורוכ׳ they (the Levites) have not been exempted from consecrating the firstborn of clean animals, but only from redeeming their firstborn sons and the firstborn of asses; a. e. 2) to be dismissed, take leave, depart. Yoma I, 5 נפטרו והלכו להם they took leave and went. Sot.IX, 5. Ber.64a הנ׳ מחבירווכ׳ he who leaves his friend (after escorting him a distance) must not say, ‘go in peace, but, ‘go to peace; הנ׳ מן המתוכ׳ he who takes leave of the dead (after burial) Ib. 31a; Erub.64a לא יִפָּטֵר אדםוכ׳ one must not leave a friend otherwise than with a word of tradition (on legal or religious subjects), by which he may remember him; a. fr.Esp. to depart this world, to die. Ber.17a גדל בשם טוב ונ׳ בשם טוב מן העולם who grew (lived) with a good name, and left the world with a good name. Tem.16a בשעהשנ׳ משה רבינו לגן עדן when Moses our teacher was to depart for paradise. Gen. R. s. 96; a. fr.Yalk. Koh. 989 בשעה … מִתְפַּטְּרִיםוכ׳ when the children are dismissed from school. Hif. הִפְטִיר 1) to discard; ה׳ בשפה to discard with the lip, to spurn. Pesik. R. s. 37 מחרקין … ומַפְטִירִים בשפתותיהם gnashed their teeth … and spurned with their lips (ref. to Ps. 22:8). Treat. Der. Er. ch. 2 מפְטִירֵי שפה (= מפטירין בשפה). 2) to dismiss, adjourn a meeting. Y.Ber.IV, 7d top הַפְטֵר את העם dismiss the people (adjourn the meeting). M. Kat. 5b, v. בָּכָה. Ḥull.51a מַפְטִיר כנסיות one who dismisses the assemblies, janitor, v. כְּנֶסֶת.Pes.X, 8, v. אֶפִּיקוֹמָן; a. e. 3) ( to recite before dismissal, to conclude the reading from the Law by reading a portion of the Prophets, to read the Hafṭarah (v. הַפְטָרָה). Meg.IV, 1 בשני … ואין מַפְטִירִין בנביא on Mondays, Thursdays and Saturday afternoons three persons read from the Law …, and we do not close with a lesson from the Prophets. Ib. 5 המפטיר בנביא הואוכ׳ he who concludes with the prophetic lesson (being the last of those called up) has the privilege of, v. פָּרַס; a. fr.