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1 Ἰσθμός
A neck, narrow passage, esp. of the body, neck, Emp.100.19;ἰ. καὶ ὅρος τῆς τε κεφαλῆς καὶ τοῦ στήθεος Pl.Ti. 69e
: metaph.,βίου βραχὺν ἰσθμόν S.Fr. 568
(lyr.).2 pharynx, fauces, Gal.18(2).961, Aret.SA1.6.II neck of land between two seas, isthmus,ὁ ἰ. τῆς Χερσονήσου Hdt.6.36
; of Athos, Id.7.22;Κιμμερικός A.Pr. 729
;ὁ ἰ. τῆς Παλλήνης Th.1.56
; ὁ Λευκαδίων ἰ. Id.3.81.2 Ἰσθμός (also [full] Ἰθμός SIG507 (Delph., iii B.C.), cf. foreg.) ὁ (ἡ in Pi., as O.7.81, 8.48), the Isthmus of Corinth, Hdt.8.40, etc.; Ἰσθμοῦ δειράς, αὐχὴν Ἰσθμοῦ, Pi.I.1.9, B.2.7; dat. Ἰσθμῷ prob. f.l. for Ἰσθμοῖ (q.v.) in Th.5.18, AP13.15; but ἐν Ἰσθμῷ correctly in Hdt.9.27,81. -
2 ἰσθμός
Grammatical information: m., also f. (after ἡ ὁδός a. o.; cf. Schwyzer-Debrunner 34 n. 2)Meaning: `small entry, spit of land, strait of earth or sea, neck', esp. as GN of the strait of Corinth (IA).Compounds: As 2. member with ιο-suffix in the hypostasis παρ-ίσθμ-ια, n. pl. a. sg. `fauces, tonsils' (Hp., Arist.).Derivatives: ἴσθμιος `belonging to the Isthmos' (Pi., trag.), τὸ ἴσθμιον `collar' (σ 300), τὰ ἴσθμια `fauces' (Hp.); ἴσθμιον also metaph. from the neck of a flask (Cypr. word in Pamphil. ap. Ath. 11, 472e; diff. Leumann Hom. Wörter 271); τὰ Ἴσθμια name of the Corinthian games (Pi., Simon., Ar.) with Ίσθμιο-νίκης, - νικος `winner at the Ἴ.' (B.), Ίσθμιασταί `spectators of the Ἴ.' (title of a play of A.; like Άπολλωνιασταί a. o., Chantraine Formation 317; ἰσθμιάζω Suid., H.), also Ίσθμιᾶται (Delos IIa); ἰσθμικός, - ιακός `belonging to the Isthmos, the Isthmia ' (Ar., Str.), ἰσθμώδης `isthmos-like' (Th.). - The denominative ἰσθμαίνω = ἀσθμαίνω with ἴσθμα = ἄσθμα H. arose through cross of ἰσθμός with ἀσθμαίνω.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]Etymology: Perh. from εἶμι `go' with θμο-suffix, cf. the byform Ίθμός, Ίθμο-νίκα (inscr.) and ἴ-θμα, εἰσ-ί-θμη; on the meaning cf. ONord. eið n. `strait of land', IE * oi-dho- (or * oi-to-). The - σ- is unexplained; a basis * idh-dhmo- cannot be accounted for. Acc. to Chantraine Formation 137 therefore adaptation of a local loan; thus Fur, 294 n. 9. Older lit. in Bq; s. also Schwyzer 492 n. 12, v. Wilamowitz Eur. Her. on v. 958.Page in Frisk: 1,737Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἰσθμός
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