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  • 21 HLAUT

    II) from hljóta.
    * * *
    f. (not n.); the gender is borne out by the genitive tein hlautar, Vellekla; as also by the dat. hlautinni, Landn. (App.) 336, in an old transcript of the lost vellum Vatnshyrna (see Kjaln. S. Ísl. ii. 403, where hlautinn):—the blood of sacrifice, used for soothsaying; this word is prob. to be derived from hlutr (hlautr), as an abbreviated form, for hlaut-blóð = sanguis sortidicus, and refers to the rite, practised in the heathen age, of enquiring into the future by dipping bunches of chips or twigs into the blood, and shaking them; those twigs were called teinar, hlaut-teinar, hlaut-viðr, blót-spánn, q. v.; the act of shaking was called hrista teina, to shake twigs, Hým. 1; kjósa hlautvið, to choose lot chips, Vsp. In Vellekla the true reading is prob. hann (earl Hakon) valdi (from velja, MS. vildi) tein hlautar, meaning the same as kjósa hlautvið in Vsp., an emendation borne out by the words ‘felldi blótspán’ (Fagrsk. l. c.) in the prose text, which is a paraphrase of the verse; the explanation of the passage in Lex. Poët. is no doubt erroneous. It was also called fella blótspán, see that word, p. 71. The walls of the temple inside and out, the altars, and the worshippers were sprinkled with the blood, the flesh of the slain cattle was to be eaten (whereas the blood was a sacrifice, as well as the means of augury, and was not to be eaten); this rite is described in Hkr. Hák. S. Góða ch. 16: en blóð þat allt er þar kom af (i. e. from the slain cattle) þá var þat kallat hlaut ok hlaut-bollar þat er blóð þat stóð í, ok hlaut-teinar, þat var svá gört sem stöklar ( bunches); með því skyldi rjóða stallana öllu saman, ok svá veggi hofsins útan ok innan, ok svá stökkva á mennina; en slátr ( the meat) skyldi hafa til mann-fagnaðar: the passages in Eb. ch. 4, p. 6 new Ed., in Kjaln. S. ch. 2, and in Landn. (App.), are derived from the same source as the passage in Hkr., but present a less correct and somewhat impaired text; even the text in Hkr. is not quite clear, esp. the phrase, þat var gört sem stökkull, which prob. means that the hlaut-teinar were bound up in a bunch and used for the sprinkling. The blood-sprinkling mentioned in Exod. xii. 22 illustrates the passage above cited; cp. hleyti, hljóta, and hlutr.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > HLAUT

  • 22 צעיר

    צְעֵירv. צְעֵר. צָעִיר m. (b. h.; צָעַר) young, junior; attendant, boy. Gen. R. s. 6 (ref. to Gen. 48:14) וכי … שהוא הצ׳ do we not know from the genealogical records that he was the younger?Pl. צְעִירִים. Arakh.II, 6 (13b) וצְעִירֵי הלויםוכ׳ Ar. a. Maim. (Mish. וצוֹעְרי; Bab. ed. וצערי Rashi וצוע׳) and they were called the junior Levites; ib. 13b תנא וסועדי … ותנא דידן … קרי להו צערו there is a version, ‘and they were called the assistants of the Levites; and as to our version ( צעירי or צוערי), because the voices of those were fine …, therefore he calls them tsa‛ăré (the troubles) of the Levites (v. צַעַר). Gen. R. s. 75 צְעִירֵיהֶם של שבטים the youngest of the tribes; a. e.Fem. צְעִירָה. B. Kam.38b צ׳ דקאמרה בן עמיוכ׳ the younger (daughter of Lot) that called her son Ben-ammi ; Hor.11a; Naz.23b; a. e.Y.Meg.I, 71d bot. כתבו לו … צְעִירַת הרגלים they (the Greek translators) wrote for him (Ptolemy) ‘the slender-footed (in place of ארנבת, Lev. 11:6); Bab. ib. 9b; Treat. Sofrim I, 8; Mekh. Bo, s. 14; Tanḥ. Shmoth 22.(LXX Lev. 11:5, 6 has δασύποδα = שְׂעִירַת הרגלים.

    Jewish literature > צעיר

  • 23 צְעֵיר

    צְעֵירv. צְעֵר. צָעִיר m. (b. h.; צָעַר) young, junior; attendant, boy. Gen. R. s. 6 (ref. to Gen. 48:14) וכי … שהוא הצ׳ do we not know from the genealogical records that he was the younger?Pl. צְעִירִים. Arakh.II, 6 (13b) וצְעִירֵי הלויםוכ׳ Ar. a. Maim. (Mish. וצוֹעְרי; Bab. ed. וצערי Rashi וצוע׳) and they were called the junior Levites; ib. 13b תנא וסועדי … ותנא דידן … קרי להו צערו there is a version, ‘and they were called the assistants of the Levites; and as to our version ( צעירי or צוערי), because the voices of those were fine …, therefore he calls them tsa‛ăré (the troubles) of the Levites (v. צַעַר). Gen. R. s. 75 צְעִירֵיהֶם של שבטים the youngest of the tribes; a. e.Fem. צְעִירָה. B. Kam.38b צ׳ דקאמרה בן עמיוכ׳ the younger (daughter of Lot) that called her son Ben-ammi ; Hor.11a; Naz.23b; a. e.Y.Meg.I, 71d bot. כתבו לו … צְעִירַת הרגלים they (the Greek translators) wrote for him (Ptolemy) ‘the slender-footed (in place of ארנבת, Lev. 11:6); Bab. ib. 9b; Treat. Sofrim I, 8; Mekh. Bo, s. 14; Tanḥ. Shmoth 22.(LXX Lev. 11:5, 6 has δασύποδα = שְׂעִירַת הרגלים.

    Jewish literature > צְעֵיר

  • 24 Beendigung

    die Beendigung
    ending; completion; breaking off; conclusion; expiration; termination; expiry; stopping
    * * *
    Be|ẹn|di|gung [bə'|ɛndɪgʊŋ]
    1. f -, no pl Be|en|dung
    2. f no pl
    ending; (= Ende) end; (= Fertigstellung) completion; (= Schluss) conclusion

    zur Beendigung dieser Arbeit... — to finish this piece of work...

    zur Beendigung des heutigen Abends... — to round off this evening...

    * * *
    die
    * * *
    Be·en·di·gung
    <->
    f kein pl end, ending; (Schluss) conclusion
    nach \Beendigung des Studiums nahm sie eine Stelle an after completing her studies she accepted a job
    \Beendigung des Arbeitsverhältnisses termination of employment
    * * *

    zur Beendigung der Unruhen wurde die Armee eingesetzt — the army was called in to put an end to the unrest

    * * *
    Beendung (Beendigung) f ending; completion; termination; conclusion, close; → beend(ig)en;
    nach Beend(ig)ung des Krieges etc after the war etc (had) ended, at the end of the war etc;
    nach Beend(ig)ung seines Studiums after he (had) finished studying ( oder his studies), after (finishing oder completing) his degree;
    nach der erfolgreichen Beend(ig)ung der Verhandlungen after the negotiations had been successfully completed ( oder concluded)
    * * *
    * * *
    f.
    completion n.
    ending n.
    terminating n.

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > Beendigung

  • 25 MUNDR

    (gen. -ar), m. the sum which the bridegroom had to pay for his bride, and which after the wedding became her own property.
    * * *
    m., gen. mundar, dat. mundi; [cp. O. H. G. munt, whence low Lat. mundium = tutelage in the old Teut. laws; women are said to live ‘sub mundio’ of their parents and husbands, Du Cange, s. v.; cp. also Germ. vor-mund = a guardian, and mündling = a minor or a person living under tutelage; perh. akin to mund ( hand), as hand and authority are kindred notions. So in Lat. phrases, in manu parentis, manumissio, etc., used of minors, slaves. In Norse the word is used in a special sense.]
    B. In the ancient laws and customs matrimony was a bargain (brúð-kaup), hence the phrase to buy a wife, kaupa konu; the wooing was often performed by a deputy, and at the espousals (festar) a sum was agreed on, which the bridegroom was to pay for his bride. This sum was called mundr; and this transaction between the damsel’s father or guardian and the other party was called mundar-mál or mund-mál, e. g. Nj. ch. 2, Mörðr (the father) svarar, hugsað hefi ek kostinn, hón (i. e. my daughter, the damsel) skal hafa sextigi hundraða, ok skal aukask þriðjungi í þínum garði: hence the phrases, kaupa mey mundi, to buy a maid by mund; mey mundi keypt; gjalda mund, Skv. 1. 30, Fm. 41, N. G. L. i. 27, 48, Am. 93, and passim. No marriage was lawful without the payment of mund, for even if the wedding had been lawfully performed, without such previous payment of mund the sons of such a wedlock were illegitimate, and were called hornung (q. v.),—hann kallaði ykkr frillu-sonu,—Hárekr sagði at þeir mundi vitni til fá at móðir þeirra var mundi keypt, Eg. 40; the least amount of mund in Norway was twelve ounces, called the poor man’s mund (öreiga mundr), N. G. L. i. 27, 54; in Iceland it was a mark, sá maðr er eigi arfgengr er móðir hans er eigi mundi keypt, mörk eða meira fé, Grág. (Kb.) i. 222. On the wedding night the stipulated mund became the wife’s personal property, and thus bears some resemblance to the ‘morning-gift’ (morgun-gjöf) of the later legislation; þá er hjú koma í eina sæing, at þá er konu heimill mundr sinn ok svá vextir af fé því öllu er henni er mælt í mundar-málum, Grág. i. 370. The wife herself or her parents might, in case of divorce after misconduct, call on the husband to pay up the mund and the heiman-fylgja (q. v.) of which he had the charge, Grág. Festaþ. ch. 51; ella mun ek láta nefna mér vátta nú þegar, ok segja skilit við þik, ok mun ek láta föður minn heimta mund minn ok heiman-fylgju, Gísl. 16 (p. 32 in Mr. Dasent’s Gisli the Outlaw), cp. also Yngl. S. ch. 17; nefndi Mörðr (the father) sér vátta, ok lýsti fésök á hendr Rúti (the husband) um fémál dóttur sinnar ok taldi níutigi hundraða fjár, lýsti hann til gjalda ok útgreiðslu, Nj. 15 and Dasent’s Burnt Njal (l. c.), the Sagas passim, at abo Grág., esp. the section Festaþ. ch. vii. sqq. The mundr therefore was different to the dowry (heiman-fylgja), and has nothing answering to it in the modern law, nor perhaps in the old Greek or Roman customs; hence Tacitus speaks of it as something strange, dotem non uxor marito, sed maritus uxori affert. Germ. ch. 18. On the other hand, the Teutonic rites of marriage call to mind the ancient patriarchal times as described in Gen. xxiv and xxix. The etymological connection between mundium = tutelage and the Norse word is not altogether clear. In modern Icelandic usage heiman-mundr is erroneouslv used instead of heiman-fylgja, q. v.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > MUNDR

  • 26 además de

    prep.
    in addition to, besides, plus, aside from.
    Le di mantequilla además de pan I gave him butter in addition to bread.
    * * *
    as well as, in addition to
    ■ además de gordo es feo as well as being fat, he's ugly
    * * *
    besides, as well as
    * * *
    = along with, apart from, as well as, besides, coupled with, in addition (to), over and above, plus, quite apart from, aside from, on top of, other than, complete with, not least, beyond, together with, not to mention
    Ex. A crisp, even impression became the norm, along with the use of respectable paper and ink.
    Ex. Apart from the names of subjects, the names of corporate bodies, persons, chemicals, trade products, and trade names are some other possibilities.
    Ex. All means of conveying affinitive relationships list a number of terms which may be used as well as, or instead of, the original entry term.
    Ex. In a catalogue using main and added entries, all other entries besides the one main entry are added entries.
    Ex. And coupled with it, the simple answer, yes, I think made for a rather historic exchange, and it surely was worth the price of admission.
    Ex. In addition to the full edition, there exist abridged and medium editions of the scheme.
    Ex. Such posts were regarded as a welcome bonus over and above the traditional base market.
    Ex. All of these (except PREVIOUS and NEXT), plus some additional commands are also available from the Command Menu.
    Ex. Quite apart from a completely new vocabulary, the whole mystique of computers is still a source of bewilderment.
    Ex. The author maintains that, aside from increasing computational speed, and thus real-time control, musically no advances have been made.
    Ex. Librarians will have to acquire additional skills on top of the old ones.
    Ex. The advantages, other than the savings in costs, are that they allow the student to progress at an individual pace = Las ventajas, además del ahorro en los costes, son que permiten al estudiante avanzar a su propio ritmo.
    Ex. Such moulds were called double-faced to distinguish them from the ordinary single-faced moulds which continued to be used for making laid paper, complete with bar shadows, for the rest of the eighteenth century.
    Ex. Extra money for books is raised in a variety of ways, not least through the efforts of active parent/teachers' associations.
    Ex. Once it is available, duplicates in large quantities could probably be turned out for a cent apiece beyond the cost of materials.
    Ex. Most such bulletins list titles or abstracts, together with citations of relevant new documents in the subject area.
    Ex. UNIMARC could make a significant contribution to UBC but, if it is to succeed, it requires the co-operation and effort, not to mention the financial outlay, of all national MARC users.
    * * *
    = along with, apart from, as well as, besides, coupled with, in addition (to), over and above, plus, quite apart from, aside from, on top of, other than, complete with, not least, beyond, together with, not to mention

    Ex: A crisp, even impression became the norm, along with the use of respectable paper and ink.

    Ex: Apart from the names of subjects, the names of corporate bodies, persons, chemicals, trade products, and trade names are some other possibilities.
    Ex: All means of conveying affinitive relationships list a number of terms which may be used as well as, or instead of, the original entry term.
    Ex: In a catalogue using main and added entries, all other entries besides the one main entry are added entries.
    Ex: And coupled with it, the simple answer, yes, I think made for a rather historic exchange, and it surely was worth the price of admission.
    Ex: In addition to the full edition, there exist abridged and medium editions of the scheme.
    Ex: Such posts were regarded as a welcome bonus over and above the traditional base market.
    Ex: All of these (except PREVIOUS and NEXT), plus some additional commands are also available from the Command Menu.
    Ex: Quite apart from a completely new vocabulary, the whole mystique of computers is still a source of bewilderment.
    Ex: The author maintains that, aside from increasing computational speed, and thus real-time control, musically no advances have been made.
    Ex: Librarians will have to acquire additional skills on top of the old ones.
    Ex: The advantages, other than the savings in costs, are that they allow the student to progress at an individual pace = Las ventajas, además del ahorro en los costes, son que permiten al estudiante avanzar a su propio ritmo.
    Ex: Such moulds were called double-faced to distinguish them from the ordinary single-faced moulds which continued to be used for making laid paper, complete with bar shadows, for the rest of the eighteenth century.
    Ex: Extra money for books is raised in a variety of ways, not least through the efforts of active parent/teachers' associations.
    Ex: Once it is available, duplicates in large quantities could probably be turned out for a cent apiece beyond the cost of materials.
    Ex: Most such bulletins list titles or abstracts, together with citations of relevant new documents in the subject area.
    Ex: UNIMARC could make a significant contribution to UBC but, if it is to succeed, it requires the co-operation and effort, not to mention the financial outlay, of all national MARC users.

    Spanish-English dictionary > además de

  • 27 furgón celular

    m.
    Black Maria.
    * * *
    (n.) = police van, police wagon
    Ex. Mobs descended on Preston crown court, threw stones at the two police vans containing the boys, and bayed for vengeance.
    Ex. Old-time police wagons were called 'Paddy Wagons', probably because most cops in those days were Irish.
    * * *
    (n.) = police van, police wagon

    Ex: Mobs descended on Preston crown court, threw stones at the two police vans containing the boys, and bayed for vengeance.

    Ex: Old-time police wagons were called 'Paddy Wagons', probably because most cops in those days were Irish.

    Spanish-English dictionary > furgón celular

  • 28 PALLR

    (-s, -ar), m.
    1) step, = gráda;
    * * *
    m. [the etymology of this word, as also the time when and place whence it was borrowed, is uncertain; the true Norse word is bekkr or flet; pallr may be of Norman origin, although it is frequently used in the Sagas referring to the Saga time (10th century); even the benches in the legislative assembly on the alþing were called pallar, not bekkir; but this cannot have been so originally. The word itself is, like páll, probably from Lat. palus, pala = stipes, Du Cange; Engl. pale, palings; in the Icel. it is used of high steps (Lat. gradus), esp. of any high floor or daïs in old dwellings, sometimes = flet (q. v.) or = lopt (q. v.), and lastly of the benches in the hall = bekkr (q. v.) The adoption of the word was probably connected with the change in the floor and seats of the halls, as mentioned in Fagrsk. ch. 219, 220, which arrangement of benches was adopted from Norman England, and is in fact still seen in English college-halls, with the raised high floor at the upper end. In Icel. the ladies were then seated on this daïs (há-pallr, þver-pallr), instead of being placed, according to the older custom, on the left hand along the side walls, see below, II. 2. As the Sagas were written after this had taken place, so the use of the word, e. g. in the Njála (ch. 34 and often), may be an anachronism.]
    B. A step = Lat. gradus; þessi steinn var útan sem klappaðr væri gráðum eða pöllum, Fms. i. 137; vindur upp at ganga, nítján pallar á bergit, Symb. 56; stíga pall af palli, from step to step, Hom. 140. palla-söngr and palla-sálmi, m. = the ‘graduale,’ chant, or responsorium ‘in gradibus’ in the Roman Catholic service, from its being chanted at the steps of the altar; sá söngr heitir pallasöngr þviat hann er fyrir pöllum sunginn, 625. 188, Hom. (St.), Mar.: metaph. degree, enn tólpti pallr ósóma, 677. 1: þrjátigi palla djúpr, Bév. palls-bók, f. ‘graduale,’ the service-book for the high mass, Játv. ch. 10.
    II. a daïs with its set of benches; þar skulu pallar þrír vera ( three sets of benches) umhverfis lögréttuna, Grág. i. 4; pallinn þann inn úæðra, Eg. 303; Flosi gékk inn í stofuna ok settisk niðr, ok kastaði í pallinn ( he threw on the floor) undan sér há-sætinu, Nj. 175; konungr leit yfir lýðinn umhverfis sik á pallana, Fms. vii. 156; hann lá í pallinum, 325; konungr sat í pallinum hjá honum, xi. 366; gékk Þrándr í stofu, en þeir lágu í pallinum, Sigurðr ok Þórðr ok Gautr, Fær. 195.
    2. the raised floor or daïs at the upper end of the hall, where the ladies were seated (= þver-pallr, há-p.), konur skipuðu pall, Nj. 11; konur sátu á palli, Ísl. ii. 250; hljópu þeir inn ok til stofu, ok sat Katla á palli ok spann, Eb. 94; hón fal sik í pallinum, she hid herself in the pallr, Landn. 121; var þar hlemmr undir ok holr innan pallrinn, … þá bað Geirríð brjóta upp pallinn, var Oddr þar fundinn, Eb. 96:—mið-pallr, the middle bench; krók-pallr, the corner bench, Skíða R. (where the beggar littered himself).
    3. in mod. usage the sitting-room is called pallr, from being elevated a yard or two above the level ground; í hlýindin þar hjónin búa á palli. Snót: hence pall-skör, f. the ridge of the pallr: palls-horn, n. the corner of the pallr, Nj. 220, Sturl. iii. 141.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > PALLR

  • 29 call\ in

    1. III
    1) call in smb. /smb. in/ call in a doctor (an expert, an electrician, the police, etc.) вызывать /приглашать/ врача и т.д., if your illness becomes worse call in a specialist если состояние вашего здоровья ухудшится, вызовите /пригласите/ специалиста; call in smth. /smth. in/ call in the aid of the police (the services of smb., etc.) обратиться к полиции с просьбой о помощи и т.д.; прибегнуть к помощи полиции и т.д., call in professional advice обратиться за советом к специалистам
    2) call in smth. /smth. in/ call in the loans he had made (the money lent, etc.) потребовать возврата всех ссуд и т. д., the librarian has called in all the books библиотекарь предложил читателям вернуть /потребовал, чтобы читатели сдали/ все книги; call in gold coins (all these notes, gold certificates, etc.) изымать из обращения золотые монеты и т. д; they decided to call in his licence они решили аннулировать его лицензию
    2. XI
    1) be called in when the doctor was called in, it was too late for him to do anything когда, вызвали врача, было уже поздно, и он ничего не мог сделать; you'll be the next called in следующим вызовут вас
    2) be called in by smb. all gold coins were called in by the Government правительство изъяло из обращения все золотые монеты; be called in all existing licences are to be called in and exchanged for new ones ace выданные ранее разрешения /лицензии/ обмениваются /подлежат обмену/ на новые

    English-Russian dictionary of verb phrases > call\ in

  • 30 BÚI

    m.
    1) dweller, inhabitant, esp. in compds. (bergbúi, hellisbúi, einbúi);
    helvítis búar, inhabitants of hell;
    himna búar, inhabitants of heaven, angels;
    * * *
    a, m. [búa].
    I. a dweller, inhabitant, only in compds as haug-búi, hellis-búi, berg-búi, a dweller in cairns, caves, rocks, of a ghost or a giant; ein-búi, an anchorite, a bachelor; himin-búi, an inhabitant of heaven, an angel; lands-búi, Lat. incola; ná-búi, a neighbour; í-búi or inn-búi, incola, Snót 71; stafn-búi, q. v.
    II. a neighbour = nábúi; kom Steinn at máli við Þorbjörn búa sinn, Krók. 36; við Bárðr búi minn, Nj. 203; þau sýndu búum sínum úþokkasvip, Fs. 31; Steinólfr b. hans, Landn. 269; cp. búi-sifjar, búi-graðungr, búi-maðr (below), rare in this sense.
    2. hence a law term in the Icel. Commonwealth, a neighbour acting as juror; the law distinguishes between neighbours of place and person; as, vetfangs-búar, neighbours of the place where (e. g.) a manslaughter was committed; or neighbours either of defendant or plaintiff, e. g. heimilis-búar, home-neighbours, opposed to dómstaðar-búar, Grág. ii. 405, and þingvallar-búar, neighbours of court or parliament: the number of the neighbours summoned was various; in slight cases, such as compensation for damage or the like, they were commonly five—sem búar fimm meta; in cases liable to outlawry they were usually nine, Grág. ii. 345; the verdict of the neighbour is called kviðr, the summoning kvöð, and kveðja búa, to summon neighbours; the cases esp. in the Grágás and Njála are almost numberless. The standing Icel. law phrase ‘sem búar meta’ reminds one of the English mode of fixing compensation by jury. According to Konrad Maurer, the jury is of Scandinavian origin, and first appears in English law along with the Normans after the Conquest; but this does not preclude an earlier usage in the Scandinavian parts of England. In the old Danish law they were called ‘nævnd,’ in Sweden ‘nämd;’ cp. esp. Nj. ch. 142 sqq. and Grág. Þ. Þ. and Vígslóði. The classical reference for this institution, Grág. i. 167, Kb. ch. 85, is quoted p. 58 s. v. bera B. I. 1.
    COMPDS: búakviðburðr, búakviðr, búakvöð, búavirðing.
    III. a pr. name of a man, Jómsv. S.; mod. Dan. ‘Boye’ or ‘Boy,’ hence the mod. Icel. Bogi, Feðga-æfi, 27.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > BÚI

  • 31 LYRITR

    (gen. -ar), m. veto, interdict; verja e-t lýriti, to put a veto on, forbid by law.
    * * *
    m., or better lýritr or lýrittr, gen. lyritar (but lyrits, Grág. ii. 233), dat. lyriti, plur. lyritar. N. G. L. ii. 94, Jb. 193; the quantity cannot be ascertained because the vellums do not distinguish between long and short vowels; it is spelt with one t throughout the Grág. (Kb.); the alliterative phrase lagalyritr, as also the invariable spelling in the Grágás, shew that the word had no initial h. Former attempts at an etymology, from læ and rifta (Björn á Skarðsá), hlýrar and réttir (Pal Vídal.), lygi and rift (Fritzner), must be dismissed; tiie spelling lyriftar, which once or twice occurs in Norse MSS. of the 14th century (N. G. L. i. 394, ii. 94, v. l. 19), is probably a mere corruption. Lyritr is a compd word from lög, law, and rör or reyr, a landmark, which word in the old Swed. law exactly answers to lyrit in the Norse law; lyrit is thus qs. lý-ryr-ti, by assimilation and by weakening the y into i, lyritti; the t being inflexive: its literal sense, therefore, is a lawful rör or landmark. In Sweden there were often five mark-stones, but it is added (Schlyter iii. s. v. rör)—fiuri stenar oc þri stenar mughu rör heta = four stones and even three stones may be called rör, i. e. make a ‘law-rör,’ a lawful landmark, a lyrit; this, we believe, is the etymology of this much-contested word. About the gender (masc., not fem.) there can be no doubt, from the numerous instances in the Grágás; but in the 13th century the word began to become neuter, thus we have lyritit, Grág. (Kb.) i. 103, lines 14 and 21, but lyritinn several times in the same page: nom. lyriti in Grág. (Sb.) ii. 226; and elalausu lyriti, Nj. passim.
    B. SENSE:
    I. prop. when the boundary of a field or estate was to be drawn, the law prescribed that a mark-stone (mark-steinn) should be raised on the spot, and three other stones laid beside it; these three stones were called landmark-stones (lyrit-steinar or lyritar); by their number and position they were distinguished from all other stones in the field, see N. G. L. ii. 94, cp. note 19 (Jb. 193).
    II. metaph. in the Icel. law, a full title of possession, lawful claim to right or property; thus defined by Konrad Maurer—‘Lyrit bedeutet in der Grágás und in den ältern Sagas, das volle Eigentums-recht, oder auch den Bann, der dem Grunde gentümer zum Schutze seines Eigentumes, dem Goden aber Kraft seiner Amtsgewalt zusteht:’
    1. the earliest kind was probably the land-lyrit or ‘land-ban;’ this law term was originally borrowed from the mark-stones themselves, and then came to mean a full title to land, field, pasture, or estate, Grág. ii. 224, 225:—eignar-lyritr, full lawful possession, a legal title of ownership; hafa eignar-lyrit fyrir landi, 204, 222.
    2. a veto; Goða-lyritr, the veto of a Goði ( Priest), forbidding the court or neighbours to deliver a sentence or verdict in a case, and thus quashing the suit. A Goði alone, by virtue of his office, was entitled to stop a court in this way, whether personally or by one of his liegemen, so that if any one else wished thus to stop a suit, he had first to go to his liegelord (Goði) and be authorised by him to do so; cp. the phrases, taka lyrit af Goða, selja lyrit, ef Goði færir lyrit sinn sjálfr fram, and similar law phrases, Grág. i. 109–111, cp. esp. Þ. Þ. ch. 38; neglect of this was contempt of court, punishable by the lesser outlawry. The word lyritr occurs at every step in the Grágás, esp. in the phrase, verja lyriti, or verja e-t lyriti, to defend through a lyrit, i. e. to put under veto, to vindicate one’s right, forbid, or the like; eigi varðar hagabeit, nema lyriti sé varið, Grág. ii. 224; verja lyriti haga, 225; þótt maðr veri fleirum lyriti (dat.), 226, Nj.; láta lyrit koma fyrir sök, to stop on a case, Grág. i. 109; kaupa land lagn kaupi ok lyritar, to buy land by a lawful bargain and with full tide of possession, ii. 213; eptir þat nefndi Þorkéll sér vátta, ok setti (varði?) þeim lyriti, ok fyrirbauð þeim at dæma, Lv. 31; ok er únýt stefna hans eðr lyriti (lyritr?), Grág. ii. 226; hann (the Goði) skal nefna sér vátta, áðr hann færi lyrit fram, í þat vætti, at ek ver lyriti, goða-lyriti, löglyriti fullum dómendum at dæma um sök þá … enda skal hann svá verja kviðmönnum lyriti, at bera kviðu um hann, i. 111; ek ver lyriti mínum, löglyriti dómendum at dæma, id.; færa lyrit sinn fram, to utter one’s veto, id.; fara með land-lyriti, ii. 225.
    COMPDS: lyritareiðr, lyritarvarzla, lyritarvörn.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > LYRITR

  • 32 Motlado

    The term used during the 15th century for worsted fabric woven from coloured yarns. They were 45-in. wide and when 6 yards long were called " single," when 7 yards long they were called " double " motlado. (Also known as Motley)

    Dictionary of the English textile terms > Motlado

  • 33 Εὔξεινος πόντος

    Grammatical information: adj.
    Meaning: `the Black Sea' (Hdt., Pi.).
    Origin: LW [a loanword which is (probably) not of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably] Iran.
    Etymology: Prob. euphemistic for ἄξε(ι)νος `inhospitable' (of the Black Sea e. g. Pi. P. 4, 263, E. IT 348), from Iranian (Scythian?) through folk-etymology, cf. Av. axšaēna- `dark-coloured'. Vasmer Osteur. Ortsnamen (Acta Univ. Dorp. B: I 3 [1921]) 3ff., Jacobsohn KZ 54, 254ff. S. also Allen Class. Quart. 41, 86ff.; 42, 60 against Moorhouse ib. 34, 123ff.; 42, 59f., who rejects Iranian origin. Recently R. Schmitt, Sel. Onom. Writings (2000) 158-163, who assumes that these names did not refer to a reality, but that the colour-names were used to indicate the cardinal points, for which he gives reff. in n. 7 (but none about Persia); the use of the colour names would have to be the same as in the Slavic world; his reference to the interest of the Persian kings in maritime connections proves nothing. Also the fact that several southern seas were called `red' might better be connected with the fact that Homer knows two Ethiopia's; and καλεομένη just means `(was) called', not `so-called' and is not "a clear hint on the improper or figurative use of the \<colour\>word."
    Page in Frisk: 1,590

    Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > Εὔξεινος πόντος

  • 34 πρεσβύτερος

    πρεσβύτερος, α, ον (Hom.+; comp. of πρέσβυς)
    ① pert. to being relatively advanced in age, older, old
    ⓐ of an individual person older of two ὁ υἱὸς ὁ πρ. (cp. Aelian, VH 9, 42; TestJob 15:2 τῷ ἀδελφῷ τῷ πρεσβυτέρῳ; JosAs; Just., A II, 6, 1) Lk 15:25; of Manasseh (w. Ephraim) B 13:5. In contrast to the younger generation οἱ πρεσβύτεροι the older ones J 8:9. Opp. οἱ νεανίσκοι Ac 2:17 (Jo 3:1). Opp. νεώτεροι (s. νεός 3aβ) 1 Ti 5:1 (similar advice, containing a contrast betw. πρ. and νεώτ., from ins and lit. in MDibelius, Hdb. ad loc.); 1 Pt 5:5 (though here the πρεσβύτεροι are not only the older people, but at the same time, the ‘elders’; s. 2bβ). The same double mng. is found for πρεσβύτεροι in 1 Cl 1:3 beside νέοι, while in 3:3; 21:6, beside the same word, the concept of being old is the dominant one (as Jos., C. Ap. 2, 206). On the disputed pass. Hv 3, 1, 8 (οἱ νεανίσκοι … οἱ πρεσβύτεροι) cp. MDibelius, Hdb. ad loc.—Fem. πρεσβυτέρα old(er) woman (opp. νεωτέρα, as Gen 19:31) 1 Ti 5:2.—With no ref. to younger persons, w. complete disappearance of the comparative aspect: πρεσβύτερος an old man (Jos., Ant. 13, 226; 292 [as a witness of events in the past, as Ps.-Pla., Virt. 3, 377b; 4, 377c]) Hv 3, 12, 2; cp. 3, 11, 3. The personified church is called λίαν πρεσβυτέρα very old 3, 10, 3; cp. 3, 11, 2. She appears as ἡ πρ. the elderly woman 2, 1, 3; 3, 1, 2; 3, 10, 6; 9 and has τὰς τρίχας πρεσβυτέρας the hair of an old woman 3, 10, 4; 5; 3, 12, 1.
    ⓑ of a period of time (Petosiris, Fgm. 3 and 4 mention οἱ πρεσβύτεροι and οἱ νεώτεροι. In both instances the context shows that the reference is to astrologers from earlier and more recent times) οἱ πρεσβύτεροι the men of old, our ancestors Hb 11:2. ἡ παράδοσις τῶν πρεσβυτέρων the tradition of the ancients (cp. Iambl., Vi. Pyth. 35, 253 τῶν π. συγγράμματα) Mt 15:2; Mk 7:3, 5 (ELohse, D. Ordination im Spätjudentum u. NT, ’51, 50–56: scholars).
    ② an official (cp. Lat. senator), elder, presbyter
    ⓐ among the Jews (the congregation of a synagogue in Jerusalem used πρεσβύτεροι to denote its officers before 70 A.D.: SEG VIII, 170, 9; cp. Dssm., LO 378–80 [LAE 439–41]).
    α. for members of local councils in individual cities (cp. Josh 20:4; Ruth 4:2; 2 Esdr 10:14; Jdth 8:10; 10:6) Lk 7:3; 1 Cl 55:4.—Schürer II, 185.
    β. for members of a group in the Sanhedrin (Schürer II, 206–8; JJeremias, Jerusalem z. Zt. Jesu II B 1: Die gesellschaftl. Oberschicht 1929, 88ff). They are mentioned together w. (the) other groups: ἀρχιερεῖς (Ac 4:5 has ἄρχοντες for this), γραμματεῖς, πρεσβύτεροι (the order is not always the same) Mt 16:21; 26:3 v.l.; 27:41; Mk 8:31; 11:27; 14:43, 53; 15:1; Lk 9:22; 20:1.—Only ἀρχιερεῖς (Ac 4:8 has for this ἄρχοντες τοῦ λαοῦ) and πρεσβύτεροι (τοῦ λαοῦ: cp. Ex 19:7; Num 11:16b, 24; 1 Macc 7:33; 12:35; Just., D. 40, 4 al.) Mt 21:23; 26:3, 47, 59 v.l.; 27:1, 3, 12, 20; 28:(11), 12; Lk 22:52 (here, as an exception, οἱ στρατηγοὶ τοῦ ἱεροῦ); Ac 4:23; 23:14; 25:15; cp. 24:1. Also οἱ πρεσβύτεροι καὶ οἱ ἱερεῖς GPt 7:25 (for this combination cp. Jos., Ant. 11, 83; 12, 406).—Only πρεσβύτεροι and γραμματεῖς Mt 26:57; Ac 6:12.—The use of πρεσβύτερος as a title among the Jews of the Diaspora appears quite late, except for the allusions in the LXX (cp. Schürer III/1, 102; MAMA III [Cilicia], 344; 448 [cp. ZNW 31, ’32, 313f]. Whether πρεσβύτερος is to be understood in the older Roman inscriptions [CIJ 378] as a title [so CIJ p. lxxxvi], remains doubtful).
    ⓑ among the Christians (for their use of the word as a title one must bear in mind not only the Jewish custom, but also its use as a t.t. among the ἔθνη, in connection w. associations of the ‘old ones’ [FPoland, Geschichte des griech. Vereinswesens 1909, 98ff] and to designate civic as well as religious officials [Dssm., B 153ff=BS 154–57, NB 60ff=BS 233–35, also LO 315, 5; HHausschildt, ZNW 4, 1903, 235ff; MStrack, ibid. 213ff; HLietzmann, ZWT 55, 1914, 116–32 [=Kl. Schr. I ’58, 156–69]; MDibelius, exc. on 1 Ti 5:17ff; RAlastair-Campbell, The Elders, Seniority within Earliest Christianity ’94.].—BGU 16, 6 [159 A.D.] πρεσβύτεροι ἱερεῖς θεοῦ Σοκνοπαίου; 347, 6; PVindBosw 1, 31 [87 A.D.].—As honorary title: Iren. 4, 26, 5 [Harv. II 238, 3]. The Engl. word ‘priest’ comes fr. πρεσβύτερος via Lat. presbyter; later Christian usage is largely, if not entirely, responsible for this development; s. OED s.v. ‘priest’ B).
    α. Ac 11:30; 14:23; 15:2, 4, 6, 22f; 16:4 (in all the places in Ac 15 and 16 mention is made of οἱ ἀπόστολοι καὶ οἱ πρεσβύτεροι in the Jerusalem church); 20:17; 21:18; 1 Ti 5:17, 19 (Nicol. Dam.: 90 Fgm. 103a Jac. νεωτέρῳ πρεσβυτέρου καταμαρτυρεῖν οὐκ ἔξεστι); Tit 1:5; Js 5:14; 1 Pt 5:1, 5 (s. 1a above); 1 Cl 44:5; 47:6; 54:2; 57:1. WWrede, Untersuchungen zum 1 Cl 1891, 8ff.—Acc. to 2 Cl 17:3, 5 exhortation and preaching in the church services were among their duties.—In Ign. the πρεσβύτεροι come after the bishop, to whom they are subordinate IMg 2; 3:1; 6:1, or betw. the bishop and the deacons IPhld inscr.; 10:2; IPol 6:1, or the higher rank of the bishop in comparison to them is made plain in some other way ITr 3:1; 12:2 (s. πρεσβυτέριον b; cp. Hippol., Ref. 9, 12, 22).—Polycarp—an ἐπίσκοπος, accord. to the title of the Ep. bearing his name—groups himself w. πρεσβύτεροι in Pol inscr., and further takes the presence of presbyters in Philippi for granted (beside deacons, though no ἐπίσκοπος is mentioned; cp. Hdb. on Pol inscr.) Pol 5:3.
    β. Just how we are to understand the words ὁ πρεσβύτερος, applied to himself by the author of the two smallest Johannine letters 2J 1; 3J 1, remains in doubt. But in any case it is meant to indicate a position of great dignity the elder.—HWindisch, exc. on 3J, end; ESchwartz, Über den Tod der Söhne Zebedaei 1904, 47; 51; HWendt, ZNW 23, 1924, 19; EKäsemann, ZTK 48, ’51, 292–311; DWatson, NTS 35, ’89, 104–30, rhetorical analysis of 2J.—ὁ πρ. and οἱ πρ. are mentioned by Papias in these much-discussed passages: 2:3, 4, 5, 7, 14, 15. For some of the lit. s. the note on JKleist’s transl. ’48, p. 207 n. 18.
    γ. In Rv there are 24 elders sitting on thrones about the throne of God; they form a heavenly council of elders (cp. Is 24:23) 4:4, 10; 5:5–14; 7:11, 13; 11:16; 14:3; 19:4. The elders have been understood as glorified human beings of some kind or astral deities (or angels) (for the var. views s. RCharles, ICC Rv I 128–33; JMichl, D. 24 Ältesten in d. Apk. d. hl. J. ’38); the number 24 has been referred to the following: the 24 priestly classes of the Jews (1 Ch 24:7–18; Jos., Ant. 7, 365–67) whose heads were called ‘elders’ (Yoma 1, 5; Tamid 1, 1; Middoth 1, 8); the 24 stars which, according to Babylonian belief, stood half on the north and half on the south of the zodiac (Diod S 2, 31, 4; POsl 4, 19: HGunkel, Z. religionsgesch. Verständnis des NT 1903, 42f; Boll 35f); the 24 hours of the day, represented as old men w. shining garments and w. crowns (acc. to the Test. of Adam [ed. CBezold, TNöldeke Festschr. 1906, 893–912]: JWellhausen, Analyse der Offb. Joh. 1907, p. 9, 1; NMorosof, Offb. Joh. 1912, 32); the 24 Yazatas in the state of the gods in heaven, acc. to Persian thought (Bousset). It is certainly an open question whether, or how far, the writer of Rv had any of these things in mind.—On the presbyters, and esp. on the question how ἐπίσκοπος and πρεσβύτερος were originally related to each other (a question which is raised particularly in the pastorals; cp. MDibelius, Hdb. exc. after 1 Ti 3:7 section 2 [w. lit.] and before 5:17), s. the lit. s.v. ἐπίσκοπος.—BEaston, Pastoral Epistles ’47, 188–97; WMichaelis, Das Ältestenamt ’53; GBornkamm, πρεσβύτερος; RCampbell, The Elders ’94.—B. 1472. DELG s.v. πρέσβυς. M-M. EDNT. TW.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > πρεσβύτερος

  • 35 reconquista

    f.
    reconquest, recapture.
    la reconquista (history) = the Reconquest of Spain, when the Christian Kings retook the country from the Muslims
    pres.indicat.
    3rd person singular (él/ella/ello) present indicative of spanish verb: reconquistar.
    * * *
    1 reconquest
    2 la Reconquista the Reconquest (of Spain, from the Moors)
    * * *
    SF reconquest, recapture
    RECONQUISTA The term Reconquista refers to the eight centuries during which the Christian kings of the Spanish kingdoms gradually reclaimed their country from the Moors, who had invaded the Iberian Peninsula in 711. It is generally accepted that the reconquest began in 718 with the Christian victory at Covadonga in Asturias, and ended in 1492, when Ferdinand and Isabella, the Reyes Católicos, retook Granada, the last Muslim stronghold. In the intervening centuries there had been a great deal of contact and overlap between the two cultures. Christians living under Arab rule were called mozárabes, while mudéjares were practising Muslims living under Christian rule. In contrast with the pluralistic society that had existed under the Arabs, the final years of the Reconquista were a time of great intolerance, with Arabs and Jews being forcibly converted to Christianity, after which they were known as conversos. Those refusing to be converted were expelled in 1492.
    * * *
    a) ( de territorio) reconquest
    b) la Reconquista the Reconquest
    •• Cultural note:
    The period in Spain's history during which the Christian kingdoms slowly recovered the territories occupied by the Moslem Moors of North Africa. The Moorish invasion of the Iberian peninsula began in 711 AD and was halted at the Battle of Covadonga in Asturias, in 718. The expulsion of the last Moorish ruler of the kingdom of Granada in 1492 completed the Reconquest. The intervening 781 years saw periods of conflict and coexistence between Moors and Christians. Alliances of Moorish and Christian kingdoms against mutual enemies were not unknown
    * * *
    a) ( de territorio) reconquest
    b) la Reconquista the Reconquest
    •• Cultural note:
    The period in Spain's history during which the Christian kingdoms slowly recovered the territories occupied by the Moslem Moors of North Africa. The Moorish invasion of the Iberian peninsula began in 711 AD and was halted at the Battle of Covadonga in Asturias, in 718. The expulsion of the last Moorish ruler of the kingdom of Granada in 1492 completed the Reconquest. The intervening 781 years saw periods of conflict and coexistence between Moors and Christians. Alliances of Moorish and Christian kingdoms against mutual enemies were not unknown
    * * *
    The period in Spain's history during which the Christian kingdoms slowly recovered the territories occupied by the Moslem Moors of North Africa. The Moorish invasion of the Iberian peninsula began in 711 AD and was halted at the Battle of Covadonga in Asturias, in 718. The expulsion of the last Moorish ruler of the kingdom of Granada in 1492 completed the Reconquest. The intervening 781 years saw periods of conflict and coexistence between Moors and Christians. Alliances of Moorish and Christian kingdoms against Christian rivals were not unknown.
    * * *

    Del verbo reconquistar: ( conjugate reconquistar)

    reconquista es:

    3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) presente indicativo

    2ª persona singular (tú) imperativo

    Multiple Entries:
    Reconquista    
    reconquista    
    reconquistar
    reconquista sustantivo femenino
    reconquest;

    reconquistar ( conjugate reconquistar) verbo transitivo ‹ territorio› to reconquer, regain;

    ‹cariño/afecto› to win back
    reconquista sustantivo femenino
    1 recapture, reconquest
    2 Hist the Reconquest
    * * *
    1. [de territorio, ciudad] reconquest, recapture
    2. Hist
    la Reconquista = the Reconquest of Spain, when the Christian Kings retook the country from the Muslims
    * * *
    f reconquest

    Spanish-English dictionary > reconquista

  • 36 Cap

    " For William Somar, the king's fool, a cappe of green clothe fringed with red crule and lined with fryse." Henry VIII's reign. ———————— Night caps are first mentioned in the times of the Tudors. In the inventory of the wardrobe of Henry VIII, we find " a nightcappe of black velvett embroidered." They were worn in the day-time by elderly men and invalids. In 1762 the French night cap was worn by women of fashion in the daytime. It sat close to the ears and cheeks, leaving but little of the face to be seen. ———————— A head covering for both sexes (in French, bonnet). The Belgic Britons appear to have worn some head covering. Anglo-Saxons wore caps made of many materials according to the station of the wearers, those of the higher class had ornaments of metal and embroidery. About the close of the 12th century, the Danes and Normans wore a cap more like a colf which did not cover the back of the head. In 1369 caps of various colours, mostly red, were popular, and had costly linings. During the reigns of Henry V, Henry VI, and Henry VII, caps of most peculiar shapes were worn. In later years, caps of silver and gold were used. During the reign of Henry VIII what were called " Milan Bonnets," so named from the duchy in which they were first made, when also the modern name of Milliner (Milainer) applied to ladles' caps and bonnet makers in England, were greatly in fashion. They were composed of the costliest stuffs, cloth of gold and silver, velvet and satin, slashed and puffed like the dresses, jewelled and bordered with feathers, etc. The fashion in caps was constantly changing, and there are innumerable varieties, so fantastic and preposterous, in the majority of instances, in its forms, that the monstrosities of the Middle Ages, which provoked the censure and satire of the poets and others, appear graceful by comparison.

    Dictionary of the English textile terms > Cap

  • 37 Political parties

       Portugal's political party system began only in the 19th century, and the first published, distinct political party program appeared about 1843. Under the constitutional monarchy (1834-1910), a number of political groupings or factions took the name of a political figure or soldier or, more commonly until the second half of the century, the name of the particular constitution they supported. For example, some were called "Septembrists," after the group that supported the 1836 (September) Revolution and the 1822 Constitution. Others described themselves as "Chartists" after King Pedro IV's 1826 Charter ( Carta). From the Regeneration to the fall of the monarchy in 1910, the leading political parties were the Regenerators and the Progressists (or Historicals). During the first parliamentary republic (1910-26), the leading political parties were the Portuguese Republican Party or "The Democrats," the Evolutionists, the Unionists, various monarchist factions, the Liberals, and the Nationalists. Small leftist parties were also established or reestablished after the collapse of President Sidónio Pais's New Republic (1917-18), the Socialist Party (PS) and the Portuguese Communist Party (PCP).
       Under the Estado Novo dictatorship (1926-74), all political parties and civic associations (such as the Masons) were banned in 1935, and the only legitimate political movement allowed was the regime's creature, the União Nacional (1930-74). Various oppositionist parties and factions began to participate in the rigged elections of the Estado Novo, beginning with the municipal elections of 1942 and continuing with general elections for president of the republic or the National Assembly (legislature) in 1945, 1949, 1951, 1958, 1961, 1969, 1972, etc. Among these parties were elements of the Communist Party, remnants of the old Portuguese Republican Party elite and of the old Socialist Party (originally founded in 1875), various workers' groups, and special electoral committees allowed by the regime to campaign during brief preelectoral exercises.
       The Revolution of 25 April 1974 swept away the regime's institutions and ushered in a flood of new political groups. During 1974 and 1975, about 60 new political parties and factions sprung up, but the PCP remained the senior, experienced political party. During the period of fallout and adjustment to the new pluralist, multiparty system of democracy (1974-85), four main political parties became the principal ones and garnered the largest percentage of votes in the many general and municipal elections held between the first free election of 25 April 1975, and the general election of 1985. These parties were the PCP, the PS, the Social Democrat Party (PSD), and the Social Democratic Center Party (CDS) or "Christian Democrats." Until 1985-87, the socialists were ahead in votes, but the social democrats were victorious, with clear majorities in 1987 and 1991. In the general elections of 1995 and 1999, the PS returned to power in the legislature, and in the presidential elections of 1996 and 2001, the victor was the socialist leader Jorge Sampaio. The PSD replaced the socialists in power in the 2002 general election.
        See also Left Bloc.

    Historical dictionary of Portugal > Political parties

  • 38 call

    n. 1. тусламж дуудах, орилох. 2. уриа. 3. утсаар ярих. 4. мал, амьтан, шувууны дуугарах. 5. айлаар ороод гарах. 6. дуудлага. Which doctor is on \call tonight? Орой дуудлаганд хэн эмч гарах вэ? v. 1. \call (out) to sb (for sth); \call (sth) (out) дуудах. I called him but he didn't hear me. Би түүнийг дуудсан боловч тэр намайг сонссонгүй. 2. дуудаж авчрах, утсаар дуудах. \call the police цагдаа дуудах. 3. \call (in/ round) (on sb/ at...) (for sb/ sth) очих, ороод гарах. Let's \call (in) on John/ at John's house. Жоныхоор ороод гарья. 4. утасдах, утсаар ярих. 5. зарлах. \call a meeting хурал зарлах. 6. сэрээх. Please \call me at 7 o'clock tomorrow morning. Намайг маргааш өглөө долоон цагт сэрээгээрэй. 7. нэрлэх, дуудах, нэр өгөх. His name is Richard but we \call him Dick. Түүнийг Ричард гэдэг гэхдээ бид Дик гэж дууддаг. call back 1. араас дуудах. 2. ороод гарах. 3. дараа утасдах, эргэж ярих. call by дайраад/ орох гарах. call sth down on sb ууры нь хүргэх, хилэгнүүлэх. call for sth шаардах. The situation \calls for prompt action. Байдал шуурхай арга хэмжээ авахыг шаардаж байна. call sth forth бий болгох; хүргэх. His speech \called forth an angry response. Түүний хэлсэн үг бусдын дургүйцлийг хүргэв. call sb in дуудаж ирүүлэх. \call in a doctor эмч дуудах. call sth off болиулах. The match was \called off because of bad weather. Тэнгэр муухай байсан учраас тэмцээн болсонгүй. \call your dog off! Нохойгоо хорь! call on/ upon sb (to do sth) хийхийг хүсэх/ гуйх. Opposition groups have \called on the government to change the tax laws. Сөрөг хүчнийхэн засгийн газраас татварын хууль өөрчлөхийг хүсэв. call sb out 1. тусламж хүсэх. 2. эсэргүүцлийг зогсоохыг хүсэх/ зөвлөх. Miners were \called out on strike by union leaders. Yйлдвэрчний эвлэлийн удирдагчид уурхайчдаас ажил хаялтаа зогсоохыг хүсчээ. call sb/ sth up 1. утасдах. 2. эргэн санах. 3. эргэж ашиглах. 4. цэргийн албанд дуудах.

    English-Mongolian dictionary > call

  • 39 magistratus

    măgistrātus, ūs (contr. form:

    magistras primus,

    Inscr. Orell. 3798), m. [magister], the office or rank of a magister, a magisterial office, civil office, magistracy.
    I.
    Lit.:

    honores, magistratus, imperia, potestates,

    Cic. Lael. 17, 63:

    magistratūs mandare,

    id. Mur 35, 74:

    dare,

    id. Agr. 2, 10, 26:

    alicui committere,

    id. Planc. 25, 61:

    magistratum habere,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 61, § 137:

    obtinere,

    to hold, administer, Caes. B. G. 7, 33:

    ingredi,

    to enter upon, Sall. J. 47:

    magistratu abire,

    to resign, Cic. Leg. 3, 20, 47:

    se abdicare,

    Dig. 1, 2, 2:

    deponere,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 33:

    in magistratu manere,

    to remain in office, Liv. 5, 11:

    esse,

    id. 5, 28:

    aliquid gerere in magistratu,

    Cic. Leg. 3, 20, 47:

    hoc mihi deposco, quod agam in magistratu,

    id. Verr. 1, 12, 36: lex est generale jussum populi aut plebis, rogante magistratu, Att. Cap. ap. Gell. 10, 20, 2.—There were two kinds of civil offices in Rome, magistratus extraordinarii and ordinarii. To the former belonged the dictators, the magistri equitum, the duumviri perduellionis, the quaestores rerum capitalium, the triumviri mensarii, etc. The latter were divided into the majores: the consulate, praetorship, and censorship; and the minores, to which belonged the aediles, the quaestors, the tribuni plebis, the triumviri, etc. Besides these, there were magistratus patricii, which, at first, were filled by patricians; and, on the other hand, magistratus plebeii, which were filled from the plebs; curules, who had the privilege of using the sella curulis, namely, the consuls, censors, praetors, and aediles curules. On the distinction between magistratus majores and minores, v. esp. Gell. 13, 15, 4; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 157.—
    B.
    Esp.
    1.
    When magistratus and imperia are joined together, the former denotes magisterial offices in Rome, and the latter the authority of officers in the provinces:

    magistratus et imperia minime mihi cupiunda videntur,

    Sall. J. 3; cf.:

    juris dictionem de fidei commissis, quot annis et tantum in urbe delegari magistratibus solitam, in perpetuum atque etiam per provincias potestatibus demandavit,

    Suet. Claud. 23: magistratus, as a general rule, is used of civil offices alone, and only by way of exception of military commands;

    the latter were called imperia: abstinentiam neque in imperiis, neque in magistratibus praestitit,

    Suet. Caes. 54.—
    2.
    Of military commands:

    erat in classe Chabrias privatus, sed omnes, qui in magistratu erant, auctoritate anteibat,

    Nep. Chabr. 4, 1.—
    II.
    Transf., a magistrate, public functionary: quae vox (magistratus) duabus significationibus notatur. Nam aut personam ipsam demonstrat, ut cum dicimus: magistratus jussit; aut honorem, ut cum dicimus: Tito magistratus datus est, Paul. ex Fest. p. 126 Müll.:

    est proprium munus magistratūs, intelligere, se gerere personam civitatis,

    Cic. Off. 1, 34, 124; Sall. J. 19:

    seditiosi,

    id. ib. 73:

    creare magistratus,

    Liv. 5, 17: his enim [p. 1098] magistratibus legati Romam venerunt, in their consulate, Nep. Hann. 7:

    inter filium magistratum et patrem privatum,

    Gell. 2, 2. —
    B.
    Esp., sing. collect., the body of magistrates, the municipal administration (cf. Gr. archê = archontes;

    not in Cic.): ad magistratum senatumque Lacedaemoniorum,

    Nep. Them. 7. 4; id. Lys. 4, 3; id. Epam. 4, 3.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > magistratus

  • 40 ergehen

    (unreg.)
    I v/i (ist ergangen)
    1. Befehl etc.: be issued (an + Akk to), go out (to); Gesetz: come out, be promulgated geh.; (geschickt werden) be sent (to); JUR., Urteil, Beschluss: be passed ( oder pronounced); ergehen lassen issue; (Einladung) send (an + Akk to), extend (to) förm.; als Rundschreiben: send out (to); JUR. (Beschluss) pass, pronounce, deliver; es erging eine Aufforderung an die Mitglieder zu (+ Inf.) the members were called on to (+ Inf.) es erging an sie ein Ruf an die Universität London she was offered a chair at the University of London; Gnade
    2. etw. über sich (Akk) ergehen lassen (patiently) endure, submit to
    3. unpers.: es ist ihm gut / schlecht ergangen things went very well for him / things did not go well for him, he had a bad ( oder rough) time of it; bei meinen Großeltern ist es mir gut ergangen I was well looked after by my grandparents, I had it good at my grandparents’ (place) umg.; wie ist es dir ergangen? how did you get on?, Am. how was it?, how did it go?; mir ist’s genauso ergangen it was (exactly) the same with me, I had (just) the same experience
    II v/refl (hat)
    1. sich über (+Akk) (ein Thema) ergehen hold forth on, expatiate on; sich ergehen in (+ Dat) indulge (at some length) in; (Verwünschungen etc.) utter a stream of
    2. lit. take a walk ( oder stroll)
    * * *
    Er|ge|hen [ɛɐ'geːən]
    nt (geh)
    (state of) health
    * * *
    er·ge·hen *
    I. vi Hilfsverb: sein
    ▪ [an jdn] \ergehen to be sent [to sb]
    2. (offiziell erlassen)
    ▪ etw \ergehen lassen to issue sth
    3. (geduldig hinnehmen)
    etw über sich akk \ergehen lassen to endure sth
    II. vi impers Hilfsverb: sein (widerfahren)
    ▪ es ergeht jdm in einer bestimmten Weise sb gets on in a certain way
    und wie ist es euch im Urlaub so ergangen? how did you fare on your holidays?
    wehe, du verrätst etwas, dann wird es dir schlecht \ergehen! woe betide you if you reveal anything, you'll be for it then!
    III. vr Hilfsverb: haben
    ▪ sich akk in etw dat [gegen jdn/etw] \ergehen to pour forth sth [against sb/sth]
    er erging sich in Schmähungen he poured forth a tirade of abuse
    2. (geh: spazieren gehen)
    ▪ sich akk irgendwo \ergehen to go for a walk [or stroll] somewhere
    * * *
    1.
    1)

    sich in etwas (Dat.) ergehen — indulge in something

    2) (geh.): (lustwandeln) take a turn
    2.
    unregelmäßiges intransitives Verb; mit sein
    1) (geh.): (erlassen werden) < law> be enacted

    jemandem ist es gut/schlecht usw. ergangen — things went well/badly etc. for someone

    3)
    * * *
    ergehen (irr)
    A. v/i (ist ergangen)
    1. Befehl etc: be issued (
    an +akk to), go out (to); Gesetz: come out, be promulgated geh; (geschickt werden) be sent (to); JUR, Urteil, Beschluss: be passed ( oder pronounced);
    ergehen lassen issue; (Einladung) send (
    an +akk to), extend (to) form; als Rundschreiben: send out (to); JUR (Beschluss) pass, pronounce, deliver;
    es erging eine Aufforderung an die Mitglieder zu (+inf) the members were called on to (+inf)
    es erging an sie ein Ruf an die Universität London she was offered a chair at the University of London; → Gnade
    2. etwas
    über sich (akk)
    ergehen lassen (patiently) endure, submit to
    3. unpers:
    es ist ihm gut/schlecht ergangen things went very well for him/things did not go well for him, he had a bad ( oder rough) time of it;
    bei meinen Großeltern ist es mir gut ergangen I was well looked after by my grandparents, I had it good at my grandparents’ (place) umg;
    wie ist es dir ergangen? how did you get on?, US how was it?, how did it go?;
    mir ist’s genauso ergangen it was (exactly) the same with me, I had (just) the same experience
    B. v/r (hat)
    1.
    sich über (+akk) (ein Thema)
    ergehen hold forth on, expatiate on;
    sich ergehen in (+dat) indulge (at some length) in; (Verwünschungen etc) utter a stream of
    2. liter take a walk ( oder stroll)
    * * *
    1.
    1)

    sich in etwas (Dat.) ergehen — indulge in something

    2) (geh.): (lustwandeln) take a turn
    2.
    unregelmäßiges intransitives Verb; mit sein
    1) (geh.): (erlassen werden) < law> be enacted

    jemandem ist es gut/schlecht usw. ergangen — things went well/badly etc. for someone

    3)

    etwas über sich (Akk.) ergehen lassen — let something wash over one

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > ergehen

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