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41 Stalkartt, Marmaduke
SUBJECT AREA: Ports and shipping[br]b. 6 April 1750 London (?), Englandd. 24 September 1805 Calcutta, India[br]English naval architect and author of a noted book on shipbuilding.[br]For a man who contributed much to the history of shipbuilding in Britain, surprisingly little is known of his life and times. The family are reputedly descendants of Danish or Norwegian shipbuilders who emigrated to England around the late seventeenth century. It is known, however, that Marmaduke was the fourth child of his father, Hugh Stalkartt, but the second child of Hugh's second wife.Stalkartt is believed to have served an apprenticeship at the Naval Yard at Deptford on the Thames. He had advanced sufficiently by 1796 for the Admiralty to send him to India to establish shipyards dedicated to the construction of men-of-war in teak. The worsening supply of oak from England, and to a lesser extent Scotland, coupled with the war with France was making ship procurement one of the great concerns of the time. The ready supply of hardwoods from the subcontinent was a serious attempt to overcome this problem. For some years one of the shipyards in Calcutta was known as Stalkartt's Yard and this gives some credence to the belief that Stalkartt left the Navy while overseas and started his own shipbuilding organization.[br]Bibliography1781, Naval Architecture; or, the Rudiments and Rules of Shipbuilding; repub. 1787, 1803 (an illustrated textbook).FMW -
42 audio
audĭo, īvi or ii, itum, 4, v. a. ( imperf. audibat, Ov F. 3, 507: audibant. Cat. 84, 8; fut. audibo, Enn. ap. Non. p. 506, 1:I.audibis,
id. ib.; Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 86; id. Poen. 1, 2, 97; Caecil. ap. Gell. 7, 17 fin.; id. ap. Non. l. l.; cf. Struve, p. 137 sq.: audin = audisne, as ain = aisne; inf. perf. audīsse better than audivisse, acc. to Quint. 1, 6, 17) (cf. the Lacon. aus = hous; auris; Lith. ausis; Goth. auso; Germ. Ohr, and Engl ears [p. 202] the Fr. ouïr, and Lat. ausculto; Curtius also compares the Gr. aïô, to hear, perceive, and the Sanscr. av, to notice, to favor; v. ausculto, 1. aveo init., and cf. Varr. L. L. 6, § 83 Müll.], to hear, to perceive or understand by hearing, to learn (audio pr. differs from ausculto as the Gr. akouô from akroaomai, the Germ. hören from horchen, and the Engl. to hear from to listen, the former of these words denoting an involuntary, the latter a voluntary act; other syn.: exaudio, sentio, cognosco, oboedio, dicor).A.. In gen.a.Aliquid:b.auribus si parum audies terito cum vino brassicam, etc.,
Cato, R. R. 157 fin.:ubi molarum strepitum audibis maximum, Enn. ap. Non. l. l. (Com. v. 7 Vahl. p. 153): verba,
Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 97; Vulg. Gen. 24, 30:quae vera audivi, taceo,
Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 23:Mane, non dum audīsti, Demea, Quod est gravissumum,
id. Ad. 3, 4, 21:vocem,
id. Hec. 4, 1, 2:vera an falsa,
id. And. 5, 4, 19:mixtos vagitibus aegris Ploratus,
Lucr. 2, 579:voces,
Verg. A. 4, 439; Hor. C. 3, 7, 22; Vulg. Gen. 3, 8; ib. Matt. 2, 18:strepitus,
Verg. A. 9, 394:sonitum,
Hor. C. 2, 1, 31:haec,
id. ib. 3, 27, 51:aquas,
Ov. Am. 3, 11, 30:gemitus,
id. M. 7, 839; Vulg. Exod. 2, 24: ait se omnia audivisse, Titinn. ap. Macr. S. 2, 12:ut quod te audīsse dicis numquam audieris,
Cic. de Or. 2, 70, 285:Nihil enim habeo praeter auditum,
id. Off. 1, 10, 33:quod quisque eorum de quāque re audierit,
Caes. B. G. 4, 5:Hac auditā pugnā maxima pars sese Crasso dedidit,
id. ib. 3, 27:Auditis hostium copiis respicerent suum ipsi exercitum,
Liv. 42, 52, 10:quod cum audīsset Abram,
Vulg. Gen. 14, 14:auditis sermonibus,
ib. 4 Reg. 22, 19; ib. Heb. 4, 3: clangorem tubae, ib:Isa. 18, 3: symphoniam,
ib. Luc. 15, 25:animal,
ib. Apoc. 6, 3; 6, 5 al. persaep.Constr., the person from whom one hears or learns any thing, with ex (so most freq.), ab, de, acc. and part., acc. and inf., cum or dum.(α).With ex:(β).verbum ex aliquo,
Ter. Heaut. 5, 4, 8; so id. And. 2, 1, 2; 5, 4, 24; id. Eun. 1, 2, 34; id. Hec. 4, 1, 35; id. And. 3, 3, 2:audivi ex majoribus natu hoc idem fuisse in P. Scipione Nasicā,
Cic. Off. 1, 30, 109:hoc ex aliis,
id. Att. 5, 17:ex obviis,
Liv. 28, 26; so Suet. Caes. 29; id. Dom. 12 al.. saepe audivi ex majoribus natu mirari solitum C. Fabricium etc., Cic. Sen. 13, 43; so Suet. Claud. 15.—With ab:(γ).a quibus cum audi/sset non multum superesse munitionis,
Nep. Them. 7, 2.—With de:(δ).equidem saepe hoc audivi de patre et de socero meo,
i. e. from his mouth, Cic. de Or. 3, 33, 133; so id. Off. 3, 19, 77; id. Brut. 26, 100.—With acc. and part. pres. (cf. Zumpt, Gr. §(ε).636): ut neque eum querentem quisquam audierit neque etc.,
Nep. Timol. 4, 1; so Suet. Calig. 22; Cat. 9, 6; 61, 125; 67, 41 al.—With acc. and inf.:(ζ).mihi non credo, quom illaec autumare illum audio,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 260:Audin (eum) lapidem quaeritare?
id. Capt. 3, 4, 70:erilem filium ejus duxisse audio Uxorem,
Ter. Phorm. 1, 1, 5; 2, 1, 59:saepe hoc majores natu dicere audivi,
Cic. Mur. 28:Gellius audierat patruom objurgare solere,
Cat. 74, 1; Verg. A. 1, 20; 4, 562:audiet cives acuisse ferrum, Audiet pugnas juventus,
Hor. C. 1, 2, 21 sq.:audire videor pios Errare per lucos,
id. ib. 3, 4, 5. —Hence also pass. with nom. and inf. (cf. Zumpt, Gr. §607): Bibulus nondum audiebatur esse in Syriā,
was said, Cic. Att. 5, 18; so Caes. B. G. 7, 79.—With cum or dum (cf. Zumpt, Gr. §B.749): id quidem saepe ex eo audivi, cum diceret sibi certum esse,
Cic. de Or. 2, 33, 144:quis umquam audivit, cum ego de me nisi coactus ac necessario dicerem?
id. Dom. 35; so id. Brut. 56; id. Fin. 5, 19, 54; id. de Or. 1, 28, 129; 1, 2, 99; Plin. Ep. 7, 24, 5:auditus est certe, dum ex eo quaerit,
Suet. Dom. 4. —Diff. from the preced. constr. with de is audire de aliquo (aliquid); more freq. in pass. sense, to hear any thing concerning any one:de psaltriā hac audivit,
Ter. Ad. 3, 4, 5:illos etiam convenire aveo, de quibus audivi et legi,
Cic. Sen. 23, 83; so id. Att. 7, 20; id. Ac. 2, 2, 4; cf.:aliquid in aliquem,
to hear something against, something bad of any one, id. de Or. 2, 70, 285 al. —In conversation.(α).Audi, as a call to gain attention, hear, attend, give ear, listen, = hoc age:(β).audi cetera,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 127:audi heus tu,
id. ib. 4, 3, 52:Dorio, audi, obsecro,
Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 1: Hoc audi, id. And. 3, 4, 11;4, 1, 36: Quin tu audi,
Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 42:quin tu hoc audi,
Ter. And. 2, 2, 9.—Audis or audin = audisne? do you hear? atque audin? Plaut. Trin. 3, 3, 70:c.Equidem deciens dixi: Et domi [nunc] sum ego, inquam, ecquid audis?
id. Am. 2, 1, 27; id. Trin. 3, 2, 91:Heus, audin quid ait? Quin fugis?
id. Capt. 3, 4, 60:cura adversandum atque audin? quadrupedem constringito,
Ter. And. 5, 2, 24; 1, 5, 64:Audin tu? Hic furti se adligat,
id. Eun. 4, 7, 39:Audin quid dicam?
id. Hec. 1, 2, 3.—Audito, with a clause for its subject, as abl. absol. in the histt., upon the receipt of the news that, at the tidings that: audito, Q. Marcium in Ciliciam tendere, when news came that Q. Marcius etc., Sall. H. Fragm. ap. Prisc. p. 1130 P.:II.audito Machanidam famā adventūs sui territum refugisse Lacedaemonem,
Liv. 28, 7:audito venisse missu Agrippinae nuntium Agerinum,
Tac. A. 14, 7.—Esp.,A.1.. In a pregnant signif., to listen to a person or thing, to give ear to, hearken to, attend:2.etsi a vobis sic audior, ut numquam benignius neque attentius quemquam auditum putem,
Cic. Clu. 23, 63; so id. de Or. 1, 61, 259:sed non eis animis audiebantur, qui doceri possent,
Liv. 42, 48; 1, 32; 5, 6:ut legationes audiret cubans,
Suet. Vesp. 24; id. Caes. 32; id. Ner. 22; 23; Vulg. Job. 11, 2; ib. Psa. 33, 12; ib. Matt. 10, 14; ib. Heb. 3, 7 al.—Aliquem, of pupils, to hear a teacher, i. e. to receive instruction from, to study under:3.te, Marce fili, annum jam audientem Cratippum,
Cic. Off. 1, 1, 1:Jam Polemonem audiverant adsidue Zeno et Arcesilas,
id. Ac. 1, 9, 34; so id. N. D. 1, 14, 37; 3, 1, 2; id. Fat. 2, 4:Diogenes venientem eum, ut se extra ordinem audiret, non admiserat,
Suet. Tib. 32; id. Gram. 10, 20 al.— Absol.: possumne aliquid audire? (i. e. will you communicate something to me?) tu vero, inquam, vel audire vel dicere, Cic. Fat. 2, 3:ponere aliquid, ad quod audiam, volo,
id. ib. 2, 4.—De aliquā re or aliquid, aliquem, of judges, to listen or hearken to, to examine:4.nemo illorum judicum clarissimis viris accusantibus audiendum sibi de ambitu putavit,
Cic. Fl. 39, 98:de capite,
Sen. Ben. 2, 12 al. — Trop.:de pace,
Liv. 27, 30:dolos,
Verg. A. 6, 567:nequissimum servum,
Suet. Dom. 11; so id. Aug. 93; id. Tib. 73; id. Claud. 15; id. Dom. 14; 16; Dig. 11, 3, 14 fin.; 28, 6, 10; 39, 2, 18 et saep.—Of prayer or entreaty, to hear, listen to, lend an ear to, regard, grant:B.in quo di immortales meas preces audiverunt,
Cic. Pis. 19:Curio ubi... neque cohortationes suas neque preces audiri intellegit,
Caes. B. C. 2, 42:velut si sensisset auditas preces,
Liv. 1, 12:audivit orationem eorum,
Vulg. Psa. 105, 44:audisti verba oris mei,
ib. ib. 137, 1:Audiat aversā non meus aure deus,
Tib. 3, 3, 28:audiit et caeli Genitor de parte serenā Intonuit laevum,
Verg. A. 9, 630:minus audientem carmina Vestam,
Hor. C. 1, 2, 27; 4, 13, 1:audivit Dominus,
Vulg. Psa. 29, 11 al. —Also aliquem, to hear one, to grant his desire or prayer:puellas ter vocata audis,
Hor. C. 3, 22, 3; so id. C. S. 34; 35:Ferreus orantem nequiquam, janitor, audis,
Ov. Am. 1, 6, 27; id. M. 8, 598 al.:Audi nos, domine,
Vulg. Gen. 23, 6; 23, 8:semper me audis,
ib. Joan. 11, 42.—Aliquem, aliquid, or absol. audio, to hear a person or thing with approbation, to assent to, agree with, approve, grant, allow:C. a.nec Homerum audio, qui Ganymeden ab dis raptum ait, etc.,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 26, 65:Socratem audio dicentem cibi condimentum esse famem, sed qui ad voluptatem omnia referens vivit ut Gallonius, non audio,
id. Fin. 2, 28, 90; id. de Or. 1, 15, 68; 3, 28, 83; id. Marcell. 8, 25: audio ( I grant it, well, that I agree to, that is granted):nunc dicis aliquid, quod ad rem pertineat,
id. Rosc. Am. 18 fin.; id. Verr. 2, 2, 59; 2, 5, 27:non audio,
that I do not grant, id. ib. 2, 3, 34.—With acc.:b.tecum loquere, te adhibe in consilium, te audi, tibi obtempera,
Cic. Fam. 2, 7, 2; id. N. D. 1, 20, 55:ne ego sapientiam istam, quamvis sit erudita, non audiam,
id. Phil. 13, 3, 6:si me audiatis, priusquam dedantur, etc.,
Liv. 9, 9:Non, si me satis audias, Speres etc.,
Hor. C.1, 13, 13; 4, 14, 50; id. Ep. 1, 1, 48:patris aut matris imperium,
Vulg. Deut. 21, 18 al. — Poet. transf. to inanimate things:neque audit currus habenas,
heeds, Verg. G. 1, 514; so Claud. Cons. Mall. Theod. 187 (cf. Hor. Ep. 1, 15, 13: equi frenato est auris in ore; and Pind. Pyth. 2, 21: harmata peisichalina):nec minus incerta (sagitta) est, nec quae magis audiat arcum,
which better heeds the bow, Ov. M. 5, 382:teque languenti manu Non audit arcus?
Sen. Herc. Oet. 980; so Stat. Th. 5, 412; Luc. 3, 594; 9, 931; Sil. 14, 392.—With dat.: nam istis qui linguam avium intellegunt, magis audiendum censeo, Pac. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 57, 131 (B. and K. isti):D.sibi audire,
App. Mag. p. 326, 34; so, dicto audientem esse, to listen to one's word, to be obedient to one's word, to obey (not in Ter.):dicto sum audiens,
I obey, Plaut. Pers. 3, 1, 71; id. Trin. 4, 3, 55; id. As. 3, 1, 40; id. Men. 2, 3, 89:qui dicto audientes in tantā re non fuisset,
Cic. Deiot. 8, 23 ' sunt illi quidem dicto audientes, id. Verr. 1, 88:quos dicto audientes jussi,
id. ib. 5, 104.—And, on account of the signif. to obey, with a second personal dat.: dicto audientem esse alicui, to obey one (freq. and class.); cf.Stallb. ad Rudd. Gr. II. p. 124, n. 38: vilicus domino dicto audiens sit,
Cato, R. R. 142: si habes, qui te audiat;si potest tibi dicto audiens esse quisquam,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 44; 2, 4. 12; 2, 5, 32; id. Phil. 7, 2:dicto audiens fuit jussis absentium magistratuum,
Nep. Ages. 4, 2; id. Lys. 1, 2; id. Iphicr. 2, 1:interim Servio Tullio jubere populum dicto audientem esse,
Liv. 1, 41; 4, 26; 29, 20;41, 10 al.—Once pleon. with oboedio: ne plebs nobis dicto audiens atque oboediens sit,
Liv. 5, 3.—To hear thus and thus, i. e. to be named or styled somehow (as in Gr. akouô; and in Engl. to hear, as Milton: Or hear'st thou rather pure ethereal stream, P. L. III. 7); and with bene or male (as in Gr. kalôs or kakôs akouein; cf. Milton: For which Britain hears ill abroad, Areop.; and Spenser: If old Aveugles sonnes so evil hear, F. Q. I. 5, 23), to be in good or bad repute, to be praised or blamed, to have a good or bad character:E.benedictis si certāsset, audīsset bene (Bene audire est bene dici, laudari, Don.),
Ter. Phorm. prol. 20:tu recte vivis, si curas esse quod audis,
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 17:rexque paterque Audisti coram,
id. ib. 1, 7, 38; so id. S. 2, 6, 20; Ter. Hec. 4, 2, 24; id. Phorm. 2, 3, 12; Cic. Att. 6, 1; id. Fin. 3, 17, 57; id. Leg. 1, 19; Nep. Dion, 7, 3:Ille, qui jejunus a quibusdam et aridus habetur, non aliter ab ipsis inimicis male audire quam nimiis floribus et ingenii afluentia potuit,
Quint. 12, 10, 13 al. —In a play upon words: erat surdaster M. Crassus;sed aliud molestius quod male audiebat,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 40, 116; so,minus commode: quod illorum culpā se minus commode audire arbitrarentur,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 58.—As it were to hear, to hear mentally, i. e. to understand, to supply, something (later subaudio): cum subtractum verbum aliquod satis ex ceteris intellegitur, ut, stupere gaudio Graecus. Simul enim auditur coepit, is understood, is to be supplied, Quint. 9, 3, 58; 8, 5, 12.—Hence, audĭens, entis, P. a. subst.A.(Acc. to II. A.) A hearer, auditor ( = auditor, q. v., or qui audit, Cic. Brut. 80, 276)' ad animos audientium permovendos, Cic. Brut. 23, 89; 80, 279:B.cum adsensu audientium egit,
Liv. 21, 10 al. —Hence, in eccl. Lat., a catechumen, Tert. Poen. 6.—(Acc. to II. C.) With the gen.: tibi servio atque audiens sum imperii, a hearer of, i. e. obedient to, your command, Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 25. -
43 legge
f lawstudiare legge study or read lawa norma di legge up to standarda norma di legge... complies with...fuori legge illegal, unlawful* * *legge s.f.1 (atto del parlamento) law; (del parlamento inglese) act (spesso maiuscolo); statute: disegno, progetto di legge, bill; proposta di legge, draft bill; legge retroattiva, retroactive (o ex post facto) law; legge locale, regionale, comunale, bylaw; in base alla legge, according to the law; in base alla legge n...., in accordance with law no...; approvare, abrogare, respingere una legge, to pass, to repeal, to reject a law; presentare una legge in Parlamento, to introduce a bill (o to bring a bill before Parliament) // legge ponte, interim (o bridge) law; legge quadro, outline (o general policy) law; parent statute; legge delega, law enacted under delegate power (o enabling act) // legge sulla correttezza commerciale, Fair Trading (o Trade) Act // legge valutaria, currency act; legge di copertura finanziaria, appropriation act; legge finanziaria, financial act2 (legislazione) law; laws (pl.), legislation: legge civile, penale; civil, criminal law; legge naturale, natural law; legge marziale, martial law; leggi antimonopolistiche, antitrust laws (o legislation); leggi sul diritto al lavoro, right-to-work laws: leggi economiche, economic laws; leggi agrarie, agrarian laws; leggi sul fallimento, bankruptcy laws (o legislation) // ricorrere alla legge, to go to law (o to court o to take legal proceedings)3 (disciplina) law, jurisprudence: studiare legge, to study (o read) law (o to read for the Bar); studente di legge, law student; uomo di legge, lawyer; è laureato in legge, he has got a degree in law4 (regola) law, rule: legge di gravità, law of gravity; legge della domanda e dell'offerta, law of supply and demand; leggi dell'amore, rules of love.* * *['leddʒe]sostantivo femminile1) (norma) law, actapprovare, fare passare una legge — to pass, carry a law
2) (corpo di leggi) (the) law U, legislation, statutemettere qcs. fuori legge — to outlaw sth.
3) (principio) law-i fisiche, economiche — laws of physics, economics
4) univ. (giurisprudenza) law•legge delega — delegated o subordinated legislation
••dettar legge — to lay down the law, to call the shots
* * *legge/'leddʒe/sostantivo f.1 (norma) law, act; approvare, fare passare una legge to pass, carry a law; legge sull'aborto abortion act; legge parlamentare Act of Parliament; disegno o progetto di legge bill2 (corpo di leggi) (the) law U, legislation, statute; rispettare la legge to obey the law; in nome della legge in the name of the law; la legge è uguale per tutti all men are equal before the law; secondo la legge italiana under Italian law; per legge by law; mettere qcs. fuori legge to outlaw sth.; rappresentante della legge law officer; uomo di legge lawyer3 (principio) law; -i fisiche, economiche laws of physics, economics; le -i della natura the laws of nature; la legge del più forte the law of the strongest4 univ. (giurisprudenza) lawdettar legge to lay down the law, to call the shots; fatta la legge trovato l'inganno every law has a loophole\legge civile civil law; legge costituzionale constitutional law; legge delega delegated o subordinated legislation; legge divina divine law; legge finanziaria finance bill; legge di gravità law of gravity; legge marziale martial law; legge di mercato market law; legge di Murphy Murphy's law; legge quadro outline law. -
44 occasio
occāsĭo, ōnis, f. [occĭdo, a falling out, a happening, hap; hence], an occasion, opportunity, fit time, convenient season, favorable moment for doing any thing; eukairia, kairos (syn.: opportunitas, locus, facultas).I.In gen.:B.occasio est pars temporis, habens in se alicujus rei idoneam faciendi aut non faciendi opportunitatem... in occasione, ad spatium temporis, faciendi quaedam opportunitas intellegitur adjuncta,
Cic. Inv. 1, 27, 40: tempus actionis opportunum Graece eukairia, Latine appellatur occasio, id. Off. 1, 40, 142: occasio opportunitas temporis casu quodam provenientis est, Paul. ex Fest. p. 178 Müll.:dum datur mihi occasio Tempusque,
Plaut. Men. 3, 3, 30; cf.:nunc occasio est et tempus,
id. Ps. 4, 2, 3; Ter. Heaut. 2, 2, 4:an ego occasionem tantam, tam brevem, tam optatam, tam insperatam Amitterem?
id. Eun. 3, 5, 56:minima,
Suet. Calig. 14; cf.summa,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 7, 2 infra: occasionem nancisci, Afran. ap. Non. 308, 13:quem, si interficere voluisset, quantae quoties occasiones, quam praeclarae fuerunt,
Cic. Mil. 14, 38:occasio opprimendi,
id. ib. 15:inrumpendi in urbem,
Curt. 4, 5, 16:resistendi,
id. 7, 4, 4: majores occasiones ad opitulandum haberem, more opportunities, Planc [p. 1250] up. Cic. Fam. 10, 8, 2:ut primum occasio data est rem publicam defendendi,
as soon as an opportunity presented itself, Cic. Fam. 12, 242:occasionem sibi ad occupandam Asiam oblatam esse arbitratur,
has presented itself, id. Imp. Pomp. 2, 4:amplam occasionem calumniae nactus,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 25, § 61:occasio mirifica,
id. Att. 2, 14, 2:opportuna,
Val. Max. 5, 4, 3:quo faciliorem occasionem Salvio praebuit perficiendi conata,
Suet. Galb. 17:occasio minor opinione,
id. Caes. 3:tam bona,
Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 9:lepida,
id. Mil. 4, 1, 30:bellissima,
Petr. S. 25:occasionem amittere,
to lose, let slip, Cic. Caecin. 5, 15:omittere,
Suet. Cal. 14; so,praetermittere,
Caes. B. C. 3, 25:capere,
to seize, Plaut. Ps. 4, 3, 5:arripere,
Liv. 35, 12, 17:occasiones quaerere,
Sen. Ben. 3, 14, 4:rapere de die,
Hor. Epod. 13, 4:amplecti,
Plin. Ep. 2, 13, 1:sumere,
Plin. 2, 1, 1, § 3:occasione uti,
Just. 38, 5, 1:non deesse occasioni,
not to miss, to profit by, Caes. B. C. 3, 79:cunctationem hostium suam fore occasionem rati,
Curt. 4, 6, 13:dum datur mihi occasio tempusque,
Plaut. Men. 3, 3, 29:ne a fortunā datam occasionem liberandae Graeciae dimitterent,
Nep. Milt. 3, 3; id. Alc. 8, 5:cujus (rei) se occasio dederit,
Quint. 12, 2, 12: (paratus) depugnare, si occasio tulerit, mori, si casus inciderit, etc., Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 21, 6:occasionem aperire ad invadendum,
Liv. 4, 53, 9:occasionem sibi ad occupandam Asiam oblatam esse,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 4:occasione datā,
should an opportunity offer, id. Phil. 7, 6, 18; cf.:occasione oblatā simultates deponere,
Suet. Caes. 73:praebere,
id. Galb. 17:offerre,
id. Aug. 16:per occasionem,
on a favorable opportunity, Liv. 30, 3:rem inmaturam nisi per occasionem aperire noluerat,
id. 1, 5, 5; 1, 53, 7; 2, 11, 2; Sall. C. 51, 6:fratris memoriā per omnem occasionem celebratā,
on every occasion, Suet. Claud. 11; id. Aug. 67:ad occasionem aurae evehi,
the wind being fair, taking advantage of a fair wind, id. ib. 97:levia proelia ex occasione hujus aut illius partis oriebantur,
Liv. 24, 3, 17:ex occasione,
as occasion offered, Suet. Caes. 60:occasione omni,
on every occasion, id. Claud. 42.—With inf.:nunc adest occasio Benefacta cumulare = occasio cumulandi,
Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 63:nunc est illa occasio inimicum ulcisci,
id. Pers. 4, 7, 15:agere tuam rem occasio est,
id. Poen. 3, 3, 46; 5, 4, 42; id. Curc. 1, 1, 60; cf.:summa eludendi occasio'st mihi nunc senes Et Phaedriae curam adimere,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 6, 45.—With ut and subj.:fuit occasio, si vellet, jam pridem argentum ut daret,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 51:quoniam occasio fuit Mea virtute parta ut quantum velles sumeres,
id. Bacch. 4, 4, 22:rara haec occasio est, ut referri possint divini honores,
Quint. 3, 7, 17.—Personified: Occasio, Opportunity, as a goddess, Phaedr. 5, 8; Aus. Epigr. 12, 3.—II.In partic.1.Opportunity.a. b.A supply, stock (post-Aug.):2.oleae,
Col. 9, 1:lapidum,
Plin. 36, 26, 65, § 191:vetusti olei,
id. 23, 4, 40, § 82.—A pretext, plea, plausible explanation:3.hāc illi opus est occasione, ne illum talium precum pudeat,
Quint. 3, 8, 47:occasiones et ex causis et ex dictis adversariorum oriuntur,
id. 6, 1, 5; 12, 10, 13:quantulacunque adeo est occasio, sufficit irae,
Juv. 13, 183.—Occasion, motive, reason:4.non habeo ullam occasionem, ut apud te falsa fabuler,
Plaut. Ep. 5, 1, 38.—Milit. t. t., a dash, raid, surprise:5.occasionis esse rem, non proelii,
they were undertaking a surprise, not a battle, Caes. B. G. 7, 45, 9:cujus (belli) maxima momenta in occasionibus sunt,
Sen. Ira, 3, 21, 1:occasionibus imminere,
Front. 2, 5, 22. —A cause (late Lat.): cum calcis ictu mortis occasio praebita videatur, Mos. et Rom. Leg. Coll. 1, 10, 1. -
45 ser2
2 = be, take + the form of, stand as.Ex. Systems such as Dialog, IRS, ORBIT and BLAISE may be accessed by libraries and information units.Ex. Hierarchical relationships may also take the form of co-ordinate relationships, in which case they may be represented by 'RT' or related term, in a similar manner to affinitive relationships below.Ex. Meantime, our new library stand as as a confident symbol of the importance of ALL librarires to the nation's cultural, educational and economic success.----* anhelar ser = ache to be.* a no ser que = unless.* así es = that's how it is.* así sea = amen.* así son las cosas = that's they way things are.* centrado en el ser humano = anthropocentric.* clonación del ser humano = human cloning.* como es el caso de = as it is with.* cómo + ser = what + be like.* conseguir ser el centro de atención = capture + spotlight.* continuar siendo importante = remain + big.* crearse el prestigio de ser = establish + a record as.* cualquiera que fuere = any... whatsoever.* cualquiera que fuese = any... whatsoever.* cualquiera que sea + Nombre = whichever + Nombre.* debilidad del ser humano = mankind's frailty.* dejar de ser útil = outlive + Posesivo + usefulness.* demostrar ser = prove + to be.* de tal forma que + ser/estar = in such form as to + be.* dicho sea de paso = by the by(e).* dime con quién andas y te diré quién eres = you are known by the company you keep.* dinero + ser para = money + go towards.* el + Nombre + es inestimable = the + Nombre + cannot be overestimated.* el ser barato = cheapness.* el sueño de todo ser viviente = the stuff dreams are made of.* entrar sin ser visto = sneak into.* es = it's [it is].* esa es la cuestión = herein lies the rub, there's the rub.* esa es la dificultad = herein lies the rub, there's the rub.* es decir = i.e. (latín - id est), in other words, that is, that is to say, which is to say.* es de deducir que = it follows that.* es de destacar que = significantly.* es de esperar = hopefully.* es de esperar que = all being well.* es de resaltar que = significantly.* es de suponer que = presumably.* ese es el asunto = herein lies the rub, there's the rub.* ese es el problema = herein lies the rub, there's the rub.* es el momento adecuado = the moment is ripe, the time is ripe.* es el momento oportuno = the moment is ripe, the time is ripe.* es evidente = clearly.* es importante destacar = importantly.* es inevitable que = inevitably.* es interesante que = interestingly.* es lo que a mí me parece = my two cents' worth.* es lo que yo pienso = my two cents' worth.* es más = more important, moreover.* es más fácil decirlo que hacerlo = easier said than done.* es mi opinión = my two cents' worth.* es mi parecer = my two cents' worth.* es por lo tanto deducible que = it therefore follows that.* es por lo tanto de esperar que = it therefore follows that.* es por lo tanto lógico que = it therefore follows that.* ¡esta es tu oportunidad! = here's your chance!.* estar siendo + Participio = be in process of + Nombre.* evitar ser afectado = escape + unaffected.* fue durante mucho tiempo = long remained.* haber sido aceptado = be here to stay, have come + to stay.* haber sido comprobado exhaustivamente = be thoroughly tested.* la razón de ser = the reason for being.* la verdad sea dicha = to tell the truth.* llegar a ser = become, develop into.* llegar a ser conocido como = become + known as.* lo que es aun peor = worse still.* lo que es peor = what's worse.* lo que haya que de ser, será = que sera sera, what's meant to be, will be, whatever will be, will be.* lo que + ser = what + be like.* lo que tenga que ser, será = que sera sera, whatever will be, will be, what's meant to be, will be.* merecer ser mencionado = deserve + mention.* no ser aconsejable = be undesirable.* no ser + Adjetivo + Infinitivo = be less than + Adjetivo + Infinitivo.* no ser así ya = be no longer the case.* no ser bien visto = be in the doghouse.* no ser cobarde = be no chicken.* no ser consciente de = remain + unaware of.* no ser deseable = be undesirable.* no + ser + de sorprender que = it + be + not surprising that.* no ser fácil = be no picnic, not be easy.* no ser gran cosa = not add up to much, add up to + nothing.* no ser lo suficientemente bueno = not be good enough.* no ser más que = be nothing more than, be nothing but.* no ser nada = add up to + nothing.* no ser nada fácil = be hard-pushed to.* no ser ningún jovencito = be no chicken.* no ser ni una cosa ni otra = fall between + two stools.* no ser sino = be nothing but.* no ser una gran pérdida = be no great loss.* no ser un lecho de rosas = be not all roses.* no ser verdad = be untrue.* no somos todos iguales = one size doesn't fit all.* no tener razón de ser + Infinitivo = there + be + no sense in + Gerundio.* para ser específico = to be specific.* para ser franco = in all honesty.* para ser sincero = to be honest, in all honesty.* pasar a ser = become, develop into.* por ser + Adjetivo = as being + Adjetivo.* por si fuera poco = to boot, to add salt to injury, to rub salt in the wound.* posible de ser consultado por máquina = machine-viewable.* posible de ser visto en pantalla = displayable.* primer puesto + ser para = pride of place + go to.* puede muy bien ser = could well be.* puede muy bien ser que = it may well be that.* que fue = one-time.* que fue común antes = once-common.* que ha sido abordado con preguntas = accost.* que puede ser apilado = stacking.* razón de ser = point, raison d'etre, rationale, sense of purpose.* ser reconocido = gain + recognition.* resultar ser = prove + to be, turn out to be, happen + to be.* sea como sea = be that as it may, at all costs, at any cost, at any price, come hell or high water.* sea cual fuere = any... whatsoever, any... whatsoever.* sea cual fuese = any... whatsoever, any... whatsoever.* sea cual sea el criterio utilizado = by any standard(s).* sea lo que sea = whatever it is, be that as it may, call it what you want.* seamos realistas = face it, let's face it.* sean cuales sean = whatever they may be.* sentido del ser humano = human sense.* ser accesible a través de = be available through.* ser aceptado = take + hold, gain + acceptance, take off.* ser acertado = be spot on.* ser aconsejable = be welcome, be better served by, be in order.* ser acorde con = be commensurate with.* ser acuciante = be acute.* ser acusado de delito criminal = face + criminal charge.* ser adecuado = be right, stand up, fit + the bill.* ser + Adjetivo = get + Adjetivo.* ser + Adjetivo + para = have + a + Adjetivo + effect on.* ser afectado por = have + a high stake in.* ser aficionado a = be fond of.* ser afortunado = be lucky, strike + lucky.* ser agradable de oír = be good to hear.* ser agradable + Verbo = be neat to + Verbo.* ser algo bien conocido que = it + be + a (well)-known fact that.* ser algo bueno = be a good thing.* ser algo completamente distinto = be nothing of the sort.* ser algo común = be a fact of life, dominate + the scene, be a common occurrence, become + a common feature, be a part of life.* ser Algo demasiado difícil para = be in over + Posesivo + head, be out of + Posesivo + depth.* ser algo excepcional = be the exception rather than the rule, be in a league of its own.* ser algo fácil = be a cinch, be a doddle, be a breeze, be a picnic, be duck soup.* ser algo facilísimo = be a cinch, be a doddle, be a breeze, be a picnic, be duck soup.* ser algo habitual = become + a common feature, be a fact of life.* ser Algo imponente = loom + large.* ser algo inevitable = the (hand)writing + be + on the wall, see it + coming.* ser algo más profundo que = go + deeper than.* ser algo más serio que = go + deeper than.* ser algo (muy) bien sabido que = it + be + a (well)-known fact that.* ser algo muy claro = be a dead giveaway.* ser algo muy fácil de conseguir = be there for the taking.* ser Algo muy importante = loom + large.* ser algo muy obvio = be a dead giveaway.* ser algo muy poco frecuente = be a rare occurrence.* ser algo muy raro = be a rare occurrence.* ser algo muy revelador = be a giveaway.* ser algo natural para = be second nature to + Pronombre, come + naturally to.* ser algo normal = be a fact of life, become + a common feature, be a part of life.* ser algo permanente = be here to stay.* ser algo poco común = be the exception rather than the rule.* ser algo poco conocido que = it + be + a little known fact that.* ser algo poco frecuente = be a rare occurrence.* ser algo poco sabido que = it + be + a little known fact that.* ser algo por lo que = be a matter for/of.* ser algo por ver = be an open question.* ser algo que no ocurre con frecuencia = be a rare occurrence.* ser algo seguro = be a cinch, be a doddle, be a breeze, be a picnic, be duck soup.* ser algo útil para = be something in the hand for.* ser amado = loved-one.* ser amigo de = be buddies with.* ser analizado como una frase = be phrase parsed.* ser apreciado = receive + appreciation.* ser apropiado = be right.* ser aproximadamente + Número = be around + Número, be about + Número.* ser arrestado = be under arrest.* ser asequible = be available, become + available.* ser asequible a = be amenable to.* ser así = be the case (with), be just like that.* ser atacado = be under attack, come under + fire, be under assault.* ser atractivo = look + attractive, be popular in appeal.* ser atrevido = make + a bold statement.* ser atribuible a = be attributable to.* ser aun más = be all the more.* ser autosuficiente = stand on + Posesivo + own, self-serve.* ser autosuficiente económicamente = pay + Posesivo + own way.* ser avaricioso = have + Posesivo + cake and eat it.* ser bienvenido = be most welcome, make + welcome, be welcome.* ser bonito + Verbo = be neat to + Verbo.* ser buenísimo + Gerundio = be terrific at + Gerundio.* ser bueno = make + good + Nombre.* ser bueno en = be good at.* ser bueno para Alguien = be to + Posesivo + advantage.* ser cada vez más importante = increase in + importance.* ser capaz de = be capable of.* ser capaz de hacer cualquier cosa por = go to + any lengths to, go to + great lengths to.* ser característico de = be emblematic of.* ser carísimo = cost + be prohibitive.* ser caro = be steep.* ser casi seguro = be a good bet.* ser chiquito pero matón = punch above + Posesivo + weight.* ser chulo = be cool.* ser clavado a = be a dead ringer for.* ser cliente de una tienda = patronise + shop.* ser coherente = cohere.* ser como el día y la noche = different as night and day.* ser como hablar con la pared = be like talking to a brick wall.* ser como mínimo = be no less than.* ser como una esfera = wrap around.* ser como un círculo = wrap around.* ser como un libro abierto = be an open book.* ser complementario el uno del otro = be integral one to another.* ser complementarios = be integral one to another.* ser completamente diferente = be in a different league.* ser completo = be all inclusive.* ser común = be the case (with).* ser condenado a prisión = receive + prison sentence.* ser confuso = be deceiving.* ser conocido por = famously, have + a track record of.* ser conocido por todos = be out in the open.* ser consciente = sentient being.* ser consciente de = be alive to, be aware of, be cognisant of, be mindful of/that, become + cognisant of, be aware of, realise [realize, -USA].* ser consciente de + Posesivo + valía = be alive to + Posesivo + worth.* ser consciente + desafortunadamente = be painfully aware of.* ser contradictorio de = run + contrary to.* ser contraproducente = defeat + Posesivo + purpose, blowback.* ser contrario a = be contrary to, be hostile to.* ser conveniente + Infinitivo = be as well + Infinitivo, be well + Infinitivo.* ser correcto = be all right, be correct, be right.* ser cortés con = be civil towards.* ser costumbre = be customary.* ser creativo = be inventive.* ser creíble = invoke + belief.* ser criticado = be subjected to + criticism, be (the) subject of/to criticism, take + heat, come under + fire.* ser crucial (para) = be central (to).* ser cuestión de = come down to.* ser culpable = be to blame.* ser culpable (por/de) = be at fault (for/to).* ser dado a = be amenable to, be apt to, be given to.* ser de = be a native of.* ser de alto nivel = be at a high level.* ser de armas tomar = be a (real) handful.* ser de ayuda = be of assistance.* ser debatible = be a moot point, be open to question, be open to debate, be at issue.* ser de calidad = be up to snuff, be up to scratch.* ser decisión de + Nombre = be down to + Nombre.* ser de contenido + Adjetivo = be + Adjetivo + in content.* ser de crecimiento rápido = be a quick grower.* ser de difícil acceso = tuck away.* ser de dominio público = be public domain.* ser deficiente = be wanting.* ser definitivo = be final.* ser de gran ayuda para = be a boon to.* ser de gran beneficio para = be of great benefit to.* ser de importancia primordial = be of key importance.* ser de importancia vital = lie at + the heart of.* ser de interés para = be of interest (to/for).* ser dejado en la obligación de Uno = be derelict in + duty.* ser de la izquierda = be of the left.* ser de la noche = night creature.* ser de la opinión de que = be of the opinion that, be of the view that.* ser del gusto de Uno = be to + Posesivo + taste.* ser del orden de + Número = be of the order of + Número.* ser de los que piensan que = subscribe to + view.* ser demasiado = be over-provided, be a mouthful.* ser demasiado + Adjetivo = be too + Adjetivo + by half.* ser demasiado complaciente = lean over + too far backwards.* ser demasiado común = be all too common.* ser demasiado para = be too much for, be too much for.* ser demasiado precavido = err + on the side of caution.* ser demasiado preciso = put + too fine a point on, split + hairs.* ser demasiado quisquilloso = put + too fine a point on, split + hairs.* ser demasiado tarde para echar atrás = reach + the point of no return.* ser de mucho uso = take + Nombre + a long way.* ser de número limitado = be limited in number.* ser de origen + Adjetivo = be + Adjetivo + in origin.* ser de poco valor = be of little use, be of little value.* ser de primera categoría = be top notch.* ser de raza negra o de piel morena = be coloured.* ser de sabios = be a point of wisdom.* ser desacertado = miss + the mark, miss + the point.* ser desastroso = spell + bad news, be a shambles, be (in) a mess.* ser desconocido para = be alien to.* ser descorazonador = be dispiriting.* ser desoído = be unheeded.* ser despiadado = play + hardball.* ser detenido = be under arrest.* ser de un solo uso = be a one-trip pony.* ser de un tipo diferente = be different in kind, differ in + kind (from).* ser de un valor especial = be of particular value.* ser de uso general = be in general use, be generally available.* ser de utilidad = be of use.* ser de utilidad a = be of service to.* ser diestro en = be skilled at.* ser difícil = be a stretch.* ser difícil de bregar = be a (real) handful.* ser difícil de conseguir = be hard to get.* ser difícil de creer = beggar + belief.* ser difícil de encontrar = be hard to find.* ser difícil de lograr = be hard to get.* ser difícil de superar = take + some beating.* ser digno de = merit.* ser digno de admiración = deserve + admiration.* ser digno de crítica = merit + a critical eye.* ser digno de + Infinitivo = be worth + Gerundio.* ser diplomático = say + the right thing.* ser discutible = be open to question, be open to debate, be at issue.* ser dogmático = be dogmatic.* ser dos mundos completamente distintos = be poles apart.* ser dudoso = be doubtful.* ser duro = play + hardball.* ser eficaz para + Infinitivo = be efficient at + Gerundio.* ser el acabóse = take + the biscuit, take + the cake, be the limit.* ser el alma de = be the life of, be the life and soul of.* ser el asunto = be the point.* ser el beneficiario de = be on the receiving end of.* ser el blanco de = be a pushover for.* ser el blanco de las críticas = come under + fire.* ser el canalizador de = be the conduit for.* ser el capitán = skipper, captain.* ser el caso (de) = be the case (with).* ser el centro de atención = steal + the limelight, steal + the show, cut + a dash.* ser el centro de todas las miradas = cut + a dash.* ser el colmo = be the last straw, bring + the situation to a head, take + the biscuit, take + the cake, be the limit.* ser el contrincante más débil = punch above + Posesivo + weight.* ser el culo del mundo = be the pits.* ser elegido = get in.* ser elevado = be steep.* ser el éxito de la fiesta = steal + the limelight, steal + the show.* ser el fin de = sign + a death warrant (for).* ser el jefe = be in charge, call + the shots, be the boss, call + the tune, rule + the roost.* ser el límite = be the limit.* ser el mandamás = call + the shots, be the boss, call + the tune, rule + the roost.* ser el más afectado por = bear + the brunt of.* ser el máximo = be the limit.* ser el momento clave = mark + the watershed.* ser el momento (de) = be the time to.* ser el momento decisivo = mark + the watershed.* ser el momento de/para = it + be + time to/for.* ser el objetivo de Uno = be in business for.* ser el orgullo de = be the pride and joy of.* ser el origen de = provide + the material for.* ser el paraje natural de = be home to.* ser el preludio = usher in.* ser el primero = be second to none, come out on + top.* ser el primero en = lead + the way in.* ser el primero en + Infinitivo = take + the lead in + Gerundio.* ser el punto de partida de = form + the basis of.* ser el punto más débil de Alguien = be at + Posesivo + weakest.* ser el punto más flaco de Alguien = be at + Posesivo + weakest.* ser el que con mayor frecuencia = be (the) most likely to.* ser el que con menor frecuencia = be (the) least likely to.* ser el resultado de = follow from, result from.* ser el segundo de a bordo = play + second fiddle.* ser el último grito = be all the rage.* ser el último mono ser el último mono = feel + pulled and tugged.* ser emblemático de = be emblematic of.* ser en balde = be of no avail, be to no avail.* ser en cierto modo un + Nombre = be something of a + Nombre.* ser en vano = be of no avail, be to no avail.* ser enviado a = have + the lead to.* ser equiparable a = be commensurate with.* ser erróneo = be wide of the mark, be wrong.* ser escaso = be few and far between, be in short supply.* ser esclavo de = be slave to.* ser estupendo = sound + great, be fine and dandy.* ser estúpido = be off + Posesivo + rocker.* ser exigente al elegir = pick and choose.* ser exigente al escoger = pick and choose.* ser experto en = be skilled at.* ser expulsado de = be dropped from.* ser extraño para = be alien to.* ser extremadamente + Adjetivo = be too + Adjetivo + by half.* ser fácil = be easy.* ser fácil de conseguir = be readily available.* ser facilísimo = be a snap, be a piece of cake.* ser factible de = be amenable to.* ser familiar = strike + familiar chords, ring + a bell.* ser famoso = gain + recognition, be popular.* ser famoso por = famously, have + a track record of.* ser favorable = be a plus.* ser ficticio = be fiction.* ser fiel a = cleave to.* ser fructífero = come to + fruition.* ser goloso = have + a sweet tooth.* ser grosero con = be abusive of.* ser hábil para = be adroit at.* ser habitual = be customary.* ser harina de otro costal = be a different kettle of fish.* ser hipertenso = be hyper.* ser hora de = it + be + time to/for.* ser hora de definirse = time to climb off the fence.* ser hora de irse = be time to go.* ser hora de marcharse = be time to go.* ser hora ya de que = be about time (that), be high time (that/to/for).* ser humilde = hide + Posesivo + light under a bushel.* sería mejor que + Subjuntivo = better + Infinitivo.* ser ideal = suit + best, be just the thing, be just the ticket, be just the job.* ser ideal para Uno = be (right) up + Posesivo + alley, be + Posesivo + cup of tea.* ser idóneo para = be suited to.* ser ignorado = be unheeded.* ser igual a = be equivalent to, equal.* ser igual que = amount to + the same thing as.* ser ilegal = be against the law.* ser ilimitado = be boundless.* ser implacable = play + hardball.* ser imponente = be awe-inspiring.* ser importante = be of importance, make + a difference, be of consequence.* ser importantísimo = make + all the difference in the world, make + difference in the world.* ser importantísimo (para) = be central (to).* ser imposible = be dead meat.* ser imprescindible = be a must.* ser improcedente = be out of order.* ser imprudente = be reckless.* ser inalterable = set in + stone, set in + tablets of stone.* ser incapaz de = be unable to.* ser incoherente = Negativo + hold + water.* ser incompatible (con) = be irreconcilable (with).* ser inconsistente = Negativo + hold + water.* ser increíble = beggar + belief.* ser independiente = go + Posesivo + own way, stew in + Posesivo + own juice, stand on + Posesivo + own (two) feet.* ser indescriptible = beggar + description.* ser indispensable = be a must.* ser ineficaz = fire + blanks.* ser infundado = be unfounded.* ser inherente a = inhere in.* ser inimaginable = beggar + imagination.* ser inminente = be on the cards.* ser inmune a = be immune from, be immune against.* ser innovador = break + new ground, break + ground.* ser innumerable = be without number, be legion.* ser innumerables = run into + the thousands.* ser insignificante = pale into + insignificance, stick + Algo + on a pin-point, be of no consequence.* ser insignificante de = be slight in.* ser inteligente = be talented.* ser interesante = be of interest (to/for).* ser interesante + Infinitivo = be as well + Infinitivo, be well + Infinitivo.* ser interesante + Verbo = be neat to + Verbo.* ser interminable = there + be + no end to.* ser intransigente = play + hardball.* ser inútil = fire + blanks.* ser irrespetuoso con = disrespect, diss.* ser justo = play + fair.* ser justo con todos = give the devil his due.* ser justo hasta con el diablo = give the devil his due.* ser justo lo que se necesita = be just the thing, be just the ticket, be just the job.* ser justo lo que Uno necesita = be (right) up + Posesivo + alley.* ser justo que = there + be + justice in.* ser juzgado = stand + trial, stand for + trial.* ser la abreviatura de = be short for.* ser la base de = be at the core of, form + the basis of, be at the heart of.* ser la ciudad de = be home to.* ser la clave de = hold + the key to.* ser la comidilla del barrio = be the talk of the town.* ser la comidilla del pueblo = be the talk of the town.* ser la consecuencia de = follow from, result from.* ser la costumbre = be customary.* ser la cuestión = be the point.* ser la culminación de Algo = represent + the culmination of, mark + the culmination of.* ser la culpa de = be the fault of.* ser la debilidad de Alguien = be a sucker for.* ser la elección lógica = be a/the natural choice.* ser la elección natural = be a/the natural choice.* ser la excepción = be the exception.* ser la excepción a la regla = constitute + the exception to the rule.* ser la excepción que confirma la regla = be the exception rather than the rule.* ser la forma abreviada de = be short for.* ser la forma de = be a recipe for.* ser la fórmula para = be a recipe for.* ser la gota que colma el vaso = bring + the situation to a head.* ser la idea central de = be at the core of, be at the heart of.* ser la imagen de = be a picture of.* ser la intención = be the intention.* ser la intención de uno = be + Posesivo + intention.* ser la manera de = be a recipe for.* ser la materia prima de = be grist to + Posesivo + mill.* ser la mayoría = be in the majority.* ser la mejor alternativa = be the best bet.* ser la mejor manera de = be the conduit for.* ser lamentable = be a pity.* ser la minoría = be in the minority.* ser la norma = be the norm, be the rule, become + the norm.* ser la novedad = be on the scene.* ser la obra de = be the work of.* ser la persona ideal para = be the best placed to.* ser la persona más indicada para = be in a position to.* ser la propia responsabilidad de Alguien = be of + Posesivo + own making.* ser la prueba de fuego de Algo = test + Nombre + to the limit.* ser la punta de lanza de = spearhead.* ser la razón de = lie at + the root of.* ser la representación misma de = be a picture of.* ser la responsabilidad de = be the responsibility of.* ser la responsabilidad de Alguien + Infinitivo = it + lie with + Nombre/Pronombre + to + Infinitivo.* ser la última palabra = be all the rage.* ser la última persona del mundo que + Infinitivo = be one of the last people in the world to + Infinitivo.* ser lector de una biblioteca = library membership.* ser lento = be slow off the mark, be slow off the blocks.* ser líder en = take + the lead in + Gerundio.* ser lo de Uno = be cut out for, be (right) up + Posesivo + alley.* ser lo más parecido a = be as close as we come to.* ser lo mismo = be one and the same.* ser lo normal = be the order of the day.* ser lo principal de = be at the core of, be at the heart of.* ser lo que a Uno le encanta = be (right) up + Posesivo + alley.* ser lo que a Uno le gusta = be (right) up + Posesivo + alley, be + Posesivo + cup of tea.* ser lo que a Uno le interesa = be (right) up + Posesivo + alley, be + Posesivo + cup of tea.* ser lo que a Uno le va = be (right) up + Posesivo + alley.* ser lo que a Uno más le gusta = be + Posesivo + big scene.* ser lo que nos espera = be the shape of things to come.* ser lo suficientemente + Adjetivo + como para = be + Adjetivo + enough to.* ser lo suficientemente comprensivo = go + far enough.* ser lo suficientemente conocido como para que = be sufficiently well known for.* serlo todo para todos = be all things to all men, be all things to all people.* ser lo último = be all the rage, be the pits.* ser lo último en = become + the next stop in.* ser lo último en lo que + pensar = be the last thing of + Posesivo + mind.* ser lo último que + ocurrir + a Alguien = be the last thing of + Posesivo + mind.* ser magnífico + Gerundio = be terrific at + Gerundio.* ser malo = be a joke, spell + bad news, make + poor + Nombre.* ser maravilloso = sound + great.* ser más astuto que = outfox, outwit, outsmart.* ser más interno = inner being.* ser más un + Nombre = be more of a + Nombre.* ser mayor = be older.* ser mejor en = be better at.* ser mejor que = be superior to, compare + favourably.* ser mejor que + Subjuntivo = better + Infinitivo.* ser menor = be less.* ser menos + Adjetivo = be less of a(n) + Nombre.* ser mínimo = be at a minimum.* ser mirado de forma extraña = get + some funny looks.* ser modesto = hide + Posesivo + light under a bushel.* ser molesto = be disturbing.* ser moroso = be in default.* ser motivador = be motivating.* ser motivo de preocupación = loom + large.* ser mucho = be a mouthful.* ser mucho más = be all the more.* ser mucho más que = be far more than.* ser muy aconsejable que = be well advised to.* ser muy alto = be metres high.* ser muy amigo de = be pally with.* ser muy antiguo = go ba. -
46 Trevithick, Richard
[br]b. 13 April 1771 Illogan, Cornwall, Englandd. 22 April 1833 Dartford, Kent, England[br]English engineer, pioneer of non-condensing steam-engines; designed and built the first locomotives.[br]Trevithick's father was a tin-mine manager, and Trevithick himself, after limited formal education, developed his immense engineering talent among local mining machinery and steam-engines and found employment as a mining engineer. Tall, strong and high-spirited, he was the eternal optimist.About 1797 it occurred to him that the separate condenser patent of James Watt could be avoided by employing "strong steam", that is steam at pressures substantially greater than atmospheric, to drive steam-engines: after use, steam could be exhausted to the atmosphere and the condenser eliminated. His first winding engine on this principle came into use in 1799, and subsequently such engines were widely used. To produce high-pressure steam, a stronger boiler was needed than the boilers then in use, in which the pressure vessel was mounted upon masonry above the fire: Trevithick designed the cylindrical boiler, with furnace tube within, from which the Cornish and later the Lancashire boilers evolved.Simultaneously he realized that high-pressure steam enabled a compact steam-engine/boiler unit to be built: typically, the Trevithick engine comprised a cylindrical boiler with return firetube, and a cylinder recessed into the boiler. No beam intervened between connecting rod and crank. A master patent was taken out.Such an engine was well suited to driving vehicles. Trevithick built his first steam-carriage in 1801, but after a few days' use it overturned on a rough Cornish road and was damaged beyond repair by fire. Nevertheless, it had been the first self-propelled vehicle successfully to carry passengers. His second steam-carriage was driven about the streets of London in 1803, even more successfully; however, it aroused no commercial interest. Meanwhile the Coalbrookdale Company had started to build a locomotive incorporating a Trevithick engine for its tramroads, though little is known of the outcome; however, Samuel Homfray's ironworks at Penydarren, South Wales, was already building engines to Trevithick's design, and in 1804 Trevithick built one there as a locomotive for the Penydarren Tramroad. In this, and in the London steam-carriage, exhaust steam was turned up the chimney to draw the fire. On 21 February the locomotive hauled five wagons with 10 tons of iron and seventy men for 9 miles (14 km): it was the first successful railway locomotive.Again, there was no commercial interest, although Trevithick now had nearly fifty stationary engines completed or being built to his design under licence. He experimented with one to power a barge on the Severn and used one to power a dredger on the Thames. He became Engineer to a project to drive a tunnel beneath the Thames at Rotherhithe and was only narrowly defeated, by quicksands. Trevithick then set up, in 1808, a circular tramroad track in London and upon it demonstrated to the admission-fee-paying public the locomotive Catch me who can, built to his design by John Hazledine and J.U. Rastrick.In 1809, by which date Trevithick had sold all his interest in the steam-engine patent, he and Robert Dickinson, in partnership, obtained a patent for iron tanks to hold liquid cargo in ships, replacing the wooden casks then used, and started to manufacture them. In 1810, however, he was taken seriously ill with typhus for six months and had to return to Cornwall, and early in 1811 the partners were bankrupt; Trevithick was discharged from bankruptcy only in 1814.In the meantime he continued as a steam engineer and produced a single-acting steam engine in which the cut-off could be varied to work the engine expansively by way of a three-way cock actuated by a cam. Then, in 1813, Trevithick was approached by a representative of a company set up to drain the rich but flooded silver-mines at Cerro de Pasco, Peru, at an altitude of 14,000 ft (4,300 m). Low-pressure steam engines, dependent largely upon atmospheric pressure, would not work at such an altitude, but Trevithick's high-pressure engines would. Nine engines and much other mining plant were built by Hazledine and Rastrick and despatched to Peru in 1814, and Trevithick himself followed two years later. However, the war of independence was taking place in Peru, then a Spanish colony, and no sooner had Trevithick, after immense difficulties, put everything in order at the mines then rebels arrived and broke up the machinery, for they saw the mines as a source of supply for the Spanish forces. It was only after innumerable further adventures, during which he encountered and was assisted financially by Robert Stephenson, that Trevithick eventually arrived home in Cornwall in 1827, penniless.He petitioned Parliament for a grant in recognition of his improvements to steam-engines and boilers, without success. He was as inventive as ever though: he proposed a hydraulic power transmission system; he was consulted over steam engines for land drainage in Holland; and he suggested a 1,000 ft (305 m) high tower of gilded cast iron to commemorate the Reform Act of 1832. While working on steam propulsion of ships in 1833, he caught pneumonia, from which he died.[br]BibliographyTrevithick took out fourteen patents, solely or in partnership, of which the most important are: 1802, Construction of Steam Engines, British patent no. 2,599. 1808, Stowing Ships' Cargoes, British patent no. 3,172.Further ReadingH.W.Dickinson and A.Titley, 1934, Richard Trevithick. The Engineer and the Man, Cambridge; F.Trevithick, 1872, Life of Richard Trevithick, London (these two are the principal biographies).E.A.Forward, 1952, "Links in the history of the locomotive", The Engineer (22 February), 226 (considers the case for the Coalbrookdale locomotive of 1802).See also: Blenkinsop, JohnPJGR -
47 σκευάζω
A : [tense] aor. , etc.; [dialect] Dor. - αξα ([etym.] κατ-) Ti.Locr.99a: [tense] pf. :—[voice] Med., [tense] aor.ἐσκευασάμην Din.Fr.89.31
: [tense] pf., v. infr.:—[voice] Pass., [tense] fut.- ασθήσομαι Gal.6.501
as cited by Orib.4.1.16 ( σκευασθῇ codd. Gal.), ([etym.] κατα-) D.19.219: [tense] pf. ἐσκεύασμαι, [dialect] Ion. [ per.] 3pl.ἐσκευάδαται Hdt.4.58
, and so of [tense] plpf. - ατο, Id.7.62; used in med. sense, E.Supp. 1057, Lys.Fr.54: ([etym.] σκεῦος, σκευή):—prepare, make ready, esp. prepare or dress food, [ πρόβατα] Hdt.1.207, cf. 73;ὅ τι ἄν τις.. σκευάσῃ Ar.Eq.53
; ἄλφιτα ib. 1104 ([voice] Pass.);ὄψον Alex.49
, Philem.79.2, Thphr.Char.20.9;τὸ δεῖπνον Pl.Com.46.2
; ([voice] Pass.);σ. ἑλλέβορον μετὰ φαρμάκου Str.9.3.3
; κρέα ὀπτὰ ς. D.S.2.59: metaph., ἐπίστασαι τὸν σαῦρον ὡς δεῖ σκευάσαι; Alex.133.1; περικόμματ' ἐκ σοῦ -άσω make mincemeat of you, Ar.Eq. 372;ὑμᾶς.. φρυκτοὺς σκευάσω Id.V. 1331
:—[voice] Med., prepare for oneself, and then much like the [voice] Act., ; .2 generally, make ready, arrange, Hdt.1.80; make a barrier, IG12.44.9; κέραμον ς. ib.313.164; χαλινὸν.. χαλκεῖ ἐκδιδόντα σκευάσαι giving it him to make, Pl.Prm. 127a; σ. ἡδονάς provide, procure, Id.R. 559d:—[voice] Med., σ. τόξ' ἑαυτοῦ παισί made his arrows ready for (i.e. against) them, E.HF 969; contrive, bring about, πόλεμον, προδοσίην ς., Hdt.5.103, 6.100.II of persons, furnish, supply, only in [voice] Pass.,σιτίοισι εὖ ἐσκευασμένος καὶ προβάτοισι Hdt.1.188
; ;ἐς πρᾶγμα νεοχμὸν ἐσκευάσμεθα E.Supp. 1057
.2 dress up,τὴν γυναῖκα σ. πανοπλίῃ Hdt.1.60
;ἄνδρας τῇ τῶν γυναικῶν ἐσθῆτι Id.5.20
; τὴν ἀδελφεὴν ὡς εἶχον ἄριστα ib.12;σ. τινὰ ὥσπερ γυναῖκα Ar.Th. 591
;χοίρως ὑμὲ -άσας Id.Ach. 739
;σ. [αὐτὴν] ὡς ἐδύνατο κάλλιστα X.An. 6.1.12
;οὕτω σκευάσαντες ἑαυτούς Plu.Caes.31
; also σ. τοὺς θεράποντας ἐς ὑπηρέτας, ἐς στρατιώτας, App.BC4.45,46; σ. εἴδωλόν τινι dress up an effigy of him, Hdt.6.58:—[voice] Pass., ἐσκευασμένοι accoutred, Th.4.32; εὐνοῦχος ἐσκευασμένος dressed up as.., Ar.Ach. 121; rarely of things, τὰ προπύλαια τύποισι.. ἐσκευάδαται are decorated with.., Hdt.2.138.III cheat, cozen, Men.Sam. 254. (From iii B.C. sts. written [pref] σκεα-, asπαρασκεαστέον PTeb.703.248
.)Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > σκευάζω
-
48 वेद
veda1) m. (fr. 1. vid q.v.) knowledge, true orᅠ sacred knowledge orᅠ lore, knowledge of ritual RV. AitBr. ;
N. of certain celebrated works which constitute the basis of the first period of the Hindū religion (these works were primarily three, viz.
1. the Ṛig-veda,
2. the Yajur-veda
<of which there are, however, two divisions seeᅠ taittirīya-saṉhitā, vājasaneyi-saṉhitā>,
3. the Sāma-veda;
these three works are sometimes called collectively trayī,
« the triple Vidyā» orᅠ « threefold knowledge», but the Ṛig-veda is really the only original work of the three, andᅠ much the most ancient
<the oldest of its hymns being assigned by some who rely on certain astronomical calculations to a period between 4000 andᅠ 2500 B.C., before the settlement of the Āryans in India;
andᅠ by others who adopt a different reckoning to a period between 1400 andᅠ 1000 B.C., when the Āryans had settled down in the Panjāb>;
subsequently a fourth Veda was added, called the Atharva-veda, which was probably not completely accepted till after Manu, as his law-book often speaks of the three Vedas-calling them trayambrahmasanātanam, « the triple eternal Veda»,
but only once XI, 33 mentions the revelation made to Atharvan andᅠ Aṇgiras, without, however, calling it by the later name of Atharva-veda;
each of the four Vedas has two distinct parts,
viz. 1. Mantra, i.e. words of prayer andᅠ adoration often addressed either to fire orᅠ to some form of the sun orᅠ to some form of the air, sky, wind etc.,
andᅠ praying for health, wealth, long life, cattle, offspring, victory, andᅠ even forgiveness of sins, andᅠ 2. Brāhmaṇa, consisting of Vidhi andᅠ Artha-vāda,
i.e. directions for the detail of the ceremonies at which the Mantras were to be used andᅠ explanations of the legends etc. connected with the Mantras
< seeᅠ brāhmaṇa, vidhi>, both these portions being termed ṡruti, revelation orally communicated by the Deity, andᅠ heard but not composed orᅠ written down by men <cf. I. W. 24 etc.. >,
although it is certain that both Mantras andᅠ Brāhmaṇas were compositions spread over a considerable period, much of the latter being comparatively modern;
as the Vedas are properly three, so the Mantras are properly of three forms,
1. Ṛic, which are verses of praise in metre, andᅠ intended for loud recitation;
2. Yajus, which are in prose, andᅠ intended for recitation in a lower tone at sacrifices;
3. Sāman., which are in metre, andᅠ intended for chanting at the Soma orᅠ Moon-plant ceremonies, the Mantras of the fourth orᅠ Atharva-veda having no special name;
but it must be borne in mind that the Yajur andᅠ Sāma-veda hymns, especially the latter, besides their own Mantras, borrow largely from the Ṛig-veda;
the Yajur-veda andᅠ Sāma-veda being in fact not so much collections of prayers andᅠ hymns as special prayer- andᅠ hymn-books intended as manuals for the Adhvaryu andᅠ Udgātṛi priests respectively < seeᅠ yajur-veda, sāma-veda>;
the Atharva-veda, on the other hand, is, like the Ṛig-veda, a real collection of original hymns mixed up with incantations, borrowing little from the Ṛig andᅠ having no direct relation to sacrifices, but supposed by mere recitation to produce long life, to cure diseases, to effect the ruin of enemies etc.;
each of the four Vedas seems to have passed through numerous Ṡākhās orᅠ schools, giving rise to various recensions of the text, though the Ṛig-veda is only preserved in the Ṡākala recension, while a second recension, that of the Bhāshkalas, is only known by name;
a tradition makes Vyāsa the compiler andᅠ arranger of the Vedas in their present form:
they each have an Index orᅠ Anukramaṇī <q.v.>, the principal work of this kind being the general Index orᅠ Sarvânukramaṇī <q.v.>;
out of the Brāhmaṇa portion of the Veda grew two other departments of Vedic literature, sometimes included under the general name Veda,
viz. the strings of aphoristic rules, called Sūtras <q.v.>,
andᅠ the mystical treatises on the nature of God andᅠ the relation of soul andᅠ matter, called Upanishad. <q.v.>, which were appended to the Āraṇyakas <q.v.>, andᅠ became the real Veda of thinking Hindūs, leading to the Darṡanas orᅠ systems of philosophy;
in the later literature the name of « fifth Veda» is accorded to the Itihāsas orᅠ legendary epic poems andᅠ to the Purāṇas, andᅠ certain secondary Vedas orᅠ Upa-vedas <q.v.> are enumerated;
the Vedâṇgas orᅠ works serving as limbs < for preserving the integrity> of the Veda are explained under vedâ̱ṅga below:
the only other works included under the head of Veda being the Pariṡishṭas, which supply rules for the ritual omitted in the Sūtras;
in the Bṛihad-āraṇyaka Upanishad. the Vedas are represented as the breathings of Brahmā., while in some of the Purāṇas the four Vedas are said to have issued out of the four mouths of the four-faced Brahmā. andᅠ in the Vishṇu-Purāṇa the Veda andᅠ Vishṇu are identified) RTL. 7 etc.. IW. 5; 24 etc.. ;
N. of the number « four» VarBṛS. ; Srutabh.;
2) m. (fr. 3. vid) finding, obtaining, acquisition ( seeᅠ su-v-);
property, goods ĀṡvGṛ. ;
vedá3) m. (perhaps connected with 1. ve, to weave orᅠ bind together) a tuft orᅠ bunch of strong grass (Kuṡa orᅠ Muñja) made into a broom ( andᅠ used for sweeping, making up the sacrificial fire etc., in rites) AV. MS. Br. ṠrS. Mn. ;
4) m. N. of a pupil of Āyoda MBh. ;
(ā) f. N. of a river VP. ;
5) feeling, perception ṠBr. ;
= vṛitta (v.l. vitta) L. (cf. 2. veda)
- वेदकर्तृ
- वेदकविस्वामिन्
- वेदकार
- वेदकारणकारण
- वेदकुम्भ
- वेदकुशल
- वेदकौलेयक
- वेदगत
- वेदगर्भ
- वेदगर्व
- वेदगाथ
- वेदगाम्भीर्य
- वेदग्न्प्त
- वेदगुप्ति
- वेदगुह्य
- वेदघोष
- वेदचक्षुस्
- वेदजननी
- वेदज्ञ
- वेदतत्त्व
- वेदतत्त्वार्थ
- वेदतात्पर्य
- वेदतैजस
- वेदत्रय
- वेदत्रयी
- वेदत्व
- वेददक्षिणा
- वेददर्शन
- वेददर्शिन्
- वेददल
- वेददान
- वेददीप
- वेददीपिका
- वेददृष्ट
- वेदधर
- वेदधर्म
- वेदधारण
- वेदध्वनि
- वेदनाद
- वेदनिघण्टु
- वेदनिधि
- वेदनिन्दक
- वेदनिन्दा
- वेदनिन्दिन्
- वेदनिर्घोष
- वेदपठितृ
- वेदपथ
- वेदपथिन्
- वेदपददर्पण
- वेदपदस्तव
- वेदपाठ
- वेदपाठक
- वेदपाठिन्
- वेदपादरामायण
- वेदपादशिवस्तोत्र
- वेदपादस्तव
- वेदपादस्तोत्र
- वेदपारग
- वेदपारायणविधि
- वेदपुण्य
- वेदपुरुष
- वेदप्रकाश
- वेदप्रदान
- वेदप्रपद्
- वेदप्रवाद
- वेदप्लाविन्
- वेदफल
- वेदबाहु
- वेदबाह्य
- वेदबीज
- वेदब्रह्मचर्य
- वेदब्राह्मण
- वेदभाग
- वेदभाष्य
- वेदमन्त्र
- वेदमय
- वेदमातृ
- वेदमातृका
- वेदमालि
- वेदमाहात्म्य
- वेदमित्र
- वेदमुख
- वेदमुण्ड
- वेदमूर्ति
- वेदमूल
- वेदयज्ञ
- वेदरक्षण
- वेदरहस्य
- वेदरात
- वेदराशि
- वेदलक्षण
- वेदलक्षणसूत्रवृत्ति
- वेदवचन
- वेदवत्
- वेदवदन
- वेदवाक्य
- वेदवाद
- वेदवादिन्
- वेदवास
- वेदवाह
- वेदवाहन
- वेदवाह्य
- वेदविक्रयिन्
- वेदविचार
- वेदवित्त्व
- वेदविद्
- वेदविद्या
- वेदविद्वस्
- वेदविप्लावक
- वेदविलासिनी
- वेदविहित
- वेदवृत्त
- वेदवृद्ध
- वेदवेदाङ्ग
- वेदवैनाशिका
- वेदव्यास
- वेदव्रत
- वेदव्रतिन्
- वेदशब्द
- वेदशाखा
- वेदशास्त्र
- वेदशिर
- वेदशिरस्
- वेदशीर्ष
- वेदश्रवस्
- वेदश्री
- वेदश्रुत
- वेदश्रुति
- वेदसंस्थित
- वेदसंहिता
- वेदसंन्यास
- वेदसंन्यासिक
- वेदसंन्यासिन्
- वेदसमर्थन
- वेदसमाप्ति
- वेदसम्मत
- वेदसम्मित
- वेदसार
- वेदसूक्तभाष्य
- वेदसूत्र
- वेदस्तुति
- वेदस्पर्श
- वेदस्मृता
- वेदस्मृति
- वेदस्मृती
- वेदस्वामिन्
- वेदहीन
-
49 προσάγω
προσάγω [ᾰ], [tense] aor. 2 προσήγᾰγον: for [tense] aor. 1 προσῆξα v. infr. A.11.3 fin.: [tense] fut. [voice] Med. (in pass. sense), Th.4.115: once [full] ποσάγω (q.v.):—A bring to or upon,τίς δαίμων τόδε πῆμα προσήγαγε; Od.17.446
, cf. E. Med. 993 (lyr.);π. δῶρά τινι h.Ap. 272
;ἄστει κόσμον Pi.I.6(5).69
;θυσίας τινί Hdt.3.24
; ;τῳ θεῶν ὕμνους ἢ χορείας Pl.Lg. 799b
;ἱερεῖα τοῖς βωμοῖς Poll.1.27
;ποταγόντω.. τὰ ἱερεῖα.. ποτὶ τὸν βωμόν SIG1010
([place name] Chalcedon);π. πάντα ἱκανά
furnish, supply,X.
Cyr.5.2.5; ἁρμαμάξας ib.4.3.1;λίθους PCair.Zen.34.13
(iii B. C.).2 put to, add, ἅμα ἠγόρευε καὶ ἔργον προσῆγε (v.l. προῆγεν) Hdt.9.92; of exercises and food,ἐξ ὀλίγου π. Hp.Insomn.89
; cf.προσαγωγή 11.5
.3 bring to, move towards, apply,τὴν ἄνω γνάθον π. τῇ κάτω Hdt.2.68
; μὴ π. τὴν χεῖρά μοι lay it not on me, Ar. Lys. 893; π. κεγχρώμασιν ὀφθαλμόν apply it closely, E.Ph. 1386;π. τὴν ῥῖνά τινι Diod.Com.2.39
;πρὸς τὸ στόμα τὰς χεῖρας Arist.HA 587a27
: esp. of medical applications,ἤπια [ἰήματα] μετὰ τὰ ἰσχυρά Hdt.3.130
;προσαχθέντος φαρμάκου Orib.46.1.125
: metaph., [παιδιὰς] π. φαρμακείας χάριν Arist.Pol. 1337b41
;παρρησίαν καὶ δηγμὸν ἀνθρώπῳ δυστυχοῦντι Plu.2.69a
.4 of meats, etc., set before,βρώματά τινι X.Cyr.1.3.4
, cf. Plu.2.126a, etc.6 in military sense, bring up for the attack, move on towards,π. πύλαις λόχον E.Ph. 1104
;τῇ Ποτειδαίᾳ τὸν στρατόν Th.1.64
;τὸ στράτευμα ἀντίπρῳρον π. X.HG7.5.23
; [στρατιὰν] π. πρὸς πολεμίους Id.Cyr.1.6.43
; v. infr. 11: so alsoπ. μηχανὰς πόλει Th.2.76
, cf. X.HG2.4.27, etc.; μηχανῆς μελλούσης προσάξεσθαι (in pass. sense) Th.4.115; π. βίαν τοῖς τείχεσι, τῇ πόλει, etc., D.S.11.32, 12.46, etc.7 metaph.,π. βίαν τοῖς πολεμίοις Id.15.68
, cf. PTeb.61 (b).33 (ii B.C., [voice] Pass.), etc.;τὰς ἀνάγκας Th.1.99
;συκοφαντίαν π. τοῖς πράγμασι D.19.98
; δεινὰν π. τόλμαν apply or put forth daring, E.Med. 859 (lyr.); γράψας.. τίνα οἰκονομίαν προσαγήγοχας what steps you have taken, PCair.Zen.240.10 (iii B. C.);πολλῶν φόβων προσαγομένων X.An.4.1.23
;π. ἡδονάς Pl.Lg. 798e
.8 bring to or before,τῷ Κύρῳ τοὺς αἰχμαλώτους X.Cyr.3.2.12
, cf. HG3.4.8, etc.; bring in, bring with one, Is.8.16; introduce,πρὸς τὸν δῆμον Th.5.61
;πρὸς τὴν βουλήν And.1.111
, cf. Lys.6.29; π. τοὺς πρέσβεις (i. e. before the assembly) D.18.28, cf. 213;πρεσβείαν ἐλθοῦσαν π. πρὸς βουλὴν καὶ δῆμον IG12.39.12
; introduce at court, X.Cyr.1.3.8; bring a person into a law-court as defendant or as witness, PHal.8.5 (iii B. C.), etc.b introduce in writing, λόγῳ π. ὅτι.. introduce the statement.., Arist.Cael. 304a13;π. [ἡλικίαν] πρὸς μάθησιν Id.Pol. 1336a24
; [παιδάριον] π. πρὸς τὰ μαθήματα PSI4.340.24
(iii B. C.); have been introduced,Arist.
Metaph. 1074b4.9 bring hither, lead on,τίς [σε] προσήγαγεν χρεία; S.Ph. 236
;ἐλπίς μ' ἀεὶ προσῆγε E.Andr.27
:—[voice] Pass.,οἴκτῳ καὶ ἐπιεικείᾳ π. Th.3.48
; βίᾳ ib.95; ἄκοντες π. ὑπ' Ἀθηναίων ib. 63, cf. X.HG6.1.7.10 [voice] Pass., to be brought over, attached to the cause of, c. dat.,εἴ πως σφίσιν προσαχθείη Th.2.77
: abs.,προσήγεσθε ὑπ' Ἀθηναίων Id.3.63
; cf. B.1.11 increase a rent or other charge, PTeb.72.187 ([voice] Pass.), 200 (ii B. C.); προσηγμένων τοῖς ἀπαιτησίμοις ib.217; (iii A. D.).12 = προσαγγέλλω, announce, report, PTeb.60.69 (ii B. C.), etc.13 debit a person with an amount, charge it to him,συνέβη ναῦλον ἡμῖν προσάγεσθαι τοῦ πλοίου PCair.Zen.368.28
, cf. 326.16 (iii B. C.).II seemingly intr. (sc. ἑαυτόν, στρατόν, etc.), draw near, approach, X.HG3.5.22;πρός τινας LXX 3 Ki.18.21
; esp. in a hostile sense, advance against, attack,π. πρὸς τὸ κέρας X.An.1.10.9
, etc.;κώμῃ τινί Arr.An.2.3.4
;δι' ἀπάτης τοῖς βασιλεῦσι Plu.2.800a
;ἐγγυτέρω ταῖς ἐλπίσιν Id.Galb.9
; τοῖς τετταράκοντα [ἔτεσι] Id.Pomp.46; πόταγε ([dialect] Dor. for πρόσαγε) come on! Theoc.1.62, 15.78; μαλακῶς π. [γυναικί] make advances to a woman in an effeminate manner, Plu.2.240e; of Time, τῆς προσαγούσης τρύγης the approaching vintage, Sammelb.5810.16 (iv A.D.).3 δυσχερῶς προσῆγον πρὸς τὰς εἰσφοράς dub.l. in Plb.5.30.5 ( πως εἶχον πρὸς Hultsch): ὅσων προσῆξαν is f.l. in Th.2.97 ( ὅσωνπερ ἦρξαν Dobree).B [voice] Med., bring or draw to oneself, attach to oneself, bring over to one's side,σοφίῃ αὐτούς, οὐκ ἀγνωμοσύνῃ προσηγάγετο Hdt.2.172
;ἀνάγκῃ προσάγεσθαί τινα Id.6.25
, cf. Th.1.99;τἀρετῇ π. πόσιν E. Andr. 226
;ἀπάτῃ π. τὸ πλῆθος Th.3.43
; ;τῷ ποιεῖν εὖ π. τὰς πόλεις Isoc.4.80
;θεραπείαις Id.3.22
; so [ἵππον] ἠρεμαίως π. τῷ χαλινῷ X.Eq.9.5
;συμμάχους καὶ βοηθοὺς π. Id.Mem.3.4.9
;τὴν τῶν Ἀθηναίων ξυμμαχίαν Th.5.82
; πάντων π. ὄμματα draw all eyes upon oneself, X.Smp.1.9.3 c. inf., ἡ Σφὶγξ τὸ πρὸς ποσὶ σκοπεῖν.. ἡμᾶς.. προσήγετο put us upon considering, S.OT 131; προσάξομαι δάμαρτ' ἐᾶν σε .. will induce her to suffer thee.., E. Ion 659.3 αἷς [ταῖς προβοσκίσι] π. εἰς τὸ στόμα τὴν τροφήν with which they bring it to their mouths, Arist.HA 523b31, cf. 526a28, PA 685b10.4 μηδὲ προσάγου τῷ πράγματι χειμῶνας ἑτέρους do not add further troubles, Men.187; π. τὸν χρόνον καὶ τὸν πόνον employ it for one's own advantage, Plb.29.17.4.5 μάρτυρα π. cite as witness, Plu.2.1049b.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > προσάγω
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50 Riquet, Pierre Paul
[br]b. 29 June 1604 Béziers, Hérault, Franced. 1 October 1680 buried at Toulouse, France[br]French canal engineer and constructor of the Canal du Midi.[br]Pierre Paul Riquet was the son of a wealthy lawyer whose ancestors came from Italy. In his education at the Jesuit College in Béziers he showed obvious natural ability in science and mathematics, but he received no formal engineering training. With his own and his wife's fortunes he was able to purchase a château at Verfeil, near Toulouse. In 1630 he was appointed a collector of the salt tax in Languedoc and in a short time became Lessee General (Fermier Général) of this tax for the whole province. This entailed constant travel through the district, with the result that he became very familiar with this part of the country. He also became involved in military contracting. He acquired a vast fortune out of both activities. At this time he pondered the possibility of building a canal from Toulouse to the Mediterranean beyond Béziers and, after further investigation as to possible water supplies, he wrote to Colbert in Paris on 16 November 1662 advocating the construction of the canal. Although the idea proved acceptable it was not until 27 May 1665 that Riquet was authorized to direct operations, and on 14 October 1666 he was given authority to construct the first part of the canal, from Toulouse to Trebes. Work started on 1 January 1667. By 1669 he had between 7,000 and 8,000 men employed on the work. Unhappily, Riquet died just over six months before the canal was completed, the official opening beingon 15 May 1681.Although Riquet's fame rightly rests on the Canal du Midi, probably the greatest work of its time in Europe, he was also consulted about and was responsible for other projects. He built an aqueduct on more than 100 arches to lead water into the grounds of the château of his friend the marquis de Castres. The plans for this work, which involved considerable practical difficulties, were finalized in 1670, and water flowed into the château grounds in 1676. Also in 1676, Riquet was commissioned to lead the waters of the river Ourcq into Paris; he drew up plans, but he was too busy to undertake the construction and on his death the work was shelved until Napoleon's time. He was responsible for the creation of the port of Sète on the Mediterranean at the end of the Canal du Midi. He was also consulted on the supply of water to the Palace of Versailles and on a proposed route which later became the Canal de Bourgogne. Riquet was a very remarkable man: when he started the construction of the canal he was well over 60 years old, an age at which most people are retiring, and lived almost to its completion.[br]Further ReadingL.T.C.Rolt, 1973, From Sea to Sea, London: Allen Lane; rev. ed. 1994, Bridgwater: Internet Ltd.Jean-Denis Bergasse, 1982–7, Le Canal de Midi, 4 vols, Hérault:—Vol. I: Pierre Paul Riquet et le Canal du Midi dans les arts et la littérature; Vol II: Trois Siècles debatellerie et de voyage; Vol. III: Des Siècles d'aventures humaine; Vol. IV: Grands Moments et grands sites.JHB -
51 информация
сущ.предоставлять друг другу необходимую информацию — to provide each other with (all) necessary information
предоставлять (любую, относящуюся к делу) информацию — to furnish (provide, supply) (any relevant) information
продавать информацию — ( сведения) to sell information
разглашать информацию — to disclose (divulge, give away, let out) information
конфиденциальность полученной сторонами информации — confidentiality of the information received by the parties
получатель инсайдерской информации — бирж tippee
пользователь (потребитель) информации — пат information user
разглашение конфиденциальной информации — disclosure (divulging) of confidential information (of information received in confidence)
сбор информации — acquisition (accumulation, collection, gathering) of information; ( о торговле тж) trade intelligence
- достоверная информацияцентр патентной информации — пат patent information centre
- точная информация
- доступная информация - ложная информация
- относящаяся к делу информация
- секретная информация
- соответствующая информация
- техническая информация
- ценная информация -
52 παρατίθημι
Aπαρατίθω PMag.Par.1.333
, Tab.Defix.Aud. 26.27) ; [ per.] 3sg. παρτιθεῖ, παρατιθεῖ, Od. 1.192, Hdt.4.73 : [tense] impf.- ετίθει Ar.Ach.85
, Eq. 1223 : [tense] aor. [voice] Act. παρέθηκα, [voice] Med. παρεθέμην : [tense] pf. παρατέθεικα : in [dialect] Att. παράκειμαι generally serves as the [voice] Pass. :— place beside,πὰρ δὲ τίθει δίφρον Od. 21.177
, cf. 182 (tm.), Berl.Sitzb. 1927.167 ([place name] Cyrene), etc. ; [εἰκόσι] κόσμον OGI90.40
(Rosetta, ii B. C.).b. freq. of meals, set before, serve up,σφιν δαῖτ' ἀγαθὴν παραθήσομεν Il. 23.810
, cf. 9.90 (tm.) ;ἥ οἱ βρῶσίν τε πόσιν τε παρτιθεῖ Od.1.192
; ; [νῶτα βοὸς] γέρα πάρθεσαν αὐτῷ 4.66
;νῦν οἱ παράθες ξεινήϊα καλά Il.18.408
;ξείνιά τ' εὖ παρέθηκεν 11.779
, cf. Od.9.517 (tm.) ; : c. gen.,τῷ νεκρῷ πάντων παρατιθεῖ Hdt. 4.73
, cf. 1.119 ([voice] Pass.) ;παρετίθεσαν ἐπὶ τὴν τράπεζαν κρέα X.An.4.5.31
; οἱ παρατιθέντες the serving-men, Id.Cyr.8.8.20 ; τὰ παρατιθέμενα meats set before one (with or without βρώματα), ib.2.1.30, 5.2.16 : in Com., Ar.Ach.85, Eq.52,57, Aristomen. 12, etc.; of a sacrificial meal,σκέλος τοῦ πράτου βοὸς παρθέντω τῷ θιῷ IG42(1).41.11
(Epid., v/iv B. C.).c. of a mother, put to the breast, Sor. 1.105.2. generally, provide, furnish, αἲ γὰρ ἐμοὶ.. θεοὶ δύναμιν παραθεῖεν (v.l. περιθεῖεν ) oh that they would place power at my disposal !, Od.3.205 ; π.ἑκάστων τῶν σοφῶν ἀπογεύσασθαι, i. e. π. ἕκαστα τὰ σοφὰ ὥστε ἀπογεύσασθαι αὐτῶν, Pl.Tht. 157c ;π. αὐτοῖς.. ἀναγιγνώσκειν.. ποιήματα Id.Prt. 325e
:—[voice] Med., expose for sale, Arist.HA 622b34.3. place upon,στεφάνους παρέθηκε καρήατι Hes. Th. 577
(nisi leg. περίθηκε).4. lay before one, explain, X.Cyr.1.6.14 ; π. ἔν τισι ὡς οὐ χρή.. POxy. 2110.6 (iv A. D.) ; allege, produce, Is.9.32 ;ὑποδείγματα Phld. Mus. p.79
K.;παραβολὴν π. αὐ τοῖς Ev.Matt. 13.24
:—[voice] Med., v. infr. B. 5.5. put or provide side by side, ὁμοῦ λύπας ἡδοναῖς π. Pl.Phlb. 47a ; παρατεθείσης τῆς ἀπολογίας (sc. τῇ κατηγορίᾳ) Demad.6 ; set side by side, compare,τινά τινι Plu.Demetr.12
.b. Gramm., place side by side, juxtapose (opp. συντίθημι form a compound), A.D.Pron.42.5, al. ([voice] Pass.).6. deposit, = παρακατατίθημι, Charito 8.4 (s.v.l.), v. infr. B. 2.B. [voice] Med., set before oneself, have set before one,ἐπὴν δαΐδας παραθεῖτο Od. 2.105
codd., cf. 19.150, 24.140 ;σκύφος παραθέσθαι E.Cyc. 390
;τράπεζαν Περσικήν Th. 1.130
;σῖτον X.Cyr.8.6.12
; οἱ τὰ εὐτελέστερα παρατιθέμενοι those who fare less sumptuously, Id.Hier.1.20 ; have meat set before others,ἠῶθεν δέ κεν ὔμμιν ὁδοιπόριον παραθείμην Od. 15.506
; provide for oneself, supply oneself with, παρετίθεντο τῶν ἀναγκαίων πρὸς τὸν πόλεμον, ὅσα .. Plu.Per.26.2. deposit what belongs to one in another's hands, give in charge,τοῦ παραθεμένου τὰ χρήματα Hdt.686
. β'; τὴν οὐσίαν ταῖς νήσοις π. X.Ath. 2.16 ;τῶν ἀβακείων ἃ παρεθέμεθα παρ' αὐτῷ PCair.Zen. 71
(iii B. C.), cf. Plb. 3.17.10, PGrenf. 1.14.1 (ii B. C.), etc.; deposit deeds or documents, POxy. 237 iv 38 (ii A. D.), etc.; give a person in charge to,τινὶ ὀρφανόν Arr. Epict.2.8.22
; commend or commit into another's hands,εἰς χεῖράς σου τὸ πνεῦμα Ev.Luc.23.46
;τινὰς τῷ Κυρίῳ Act.Ap.14.23
, cf. 20.32, 1 Ep.Pet.4.19 ; commend by a letter of introduction, PGiss.88.5 (ii A. D.).b. store up in one's mind,ἅ τις ὁρᾷ π. παρ' αὑτῷ Plot.4.4.8
.3. venture, stake, hazard,σφὰς γὰρ παρθέμενοι κεφαλάς Od.2.237
; , cf. Tyrt. 12.18.4. apply something of one's own to a purpose, employ it,ὄψιν ἐν τῷ διανοεῖσθαι Pl.Phd. 65e
.5. cite in one's own favour, cite as evidence or authority, π. μῦθον, παράδειγμα, Id.Plt. 275b, 279a ; ἀντίγραφον [ἐπιστολῆς] BGU1004.12 (iii B. C.) ; ἀποδείξεις Wilcken Chr.77.5 (ii A. D.) ;ψήφισμα Plu.2.833e
, cf. D. Chr.17.10, Ath.11.479c, Porph.Abst. 1.3, etc.; mention,ἔννοιάν τινος A.D.Synt.65.9
; ἐκδόσεις π. quote editions, Id.Pron.89.22 : abs., quote instances, ib. 52.7,al.:—rarely in [voice] Act., λέξεις π. D.H.Dem.37, v. l. in Id.Comp.23.6. affix, apply a name,τῷ χωρίῳ ὄνομα Paus. 2.14.4
.7. explain, allege, Wilcken Chr. 20 iii 12 (ii A. D.), etc.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > παρατίθημι
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53 ἐπάγω
ἐπάγω [ᾰ],A bring on,οἷον ἐπ' ἦμαρ ἄγῃσι πατήρ Od.18.137
;ἐ. πῆμά τινι Hes.Op. 242
; ; ἐλεύθερον ἦμαρ Bacisap.Hdt.8.77;ἄτην ἐπ' ἄτῃ A.Ch. 404
(lyr.), cf. S.Aj. 1189 (lyr.);κινδύνους τινί Is.8.3
;πόλεμον ἐπὶ τὰς Θήβας Aeschin.3.140
;νόσους γῆράς τε ἐ. Pl. Ti. 33a
;πάθος ἐ. Hp.Morb.Sacr.3
.2 set on, urge on, as hunters do dogs, ἐπάγοντες ἐπῇσαν (sc. κύνας) Od.19.445, cf. X.Cyn.10.19:— in [voice] Med., ib.6.25.b lead on an army against the enemy,Ἄρη τινί A.Pers.85
(lyr.);τὴν στρατιήν Hdt.1.63
, cf.7.165;τὸ δεξιὸν κέρας Ar. Av. 353
;στρατόπεδον Th.6.69
;τινὰ ἐπί τινα Id.8.46
: intr., march against,τισί Plb.2.29.2
: abs., dub. in Luc.Hist.Conscr.21: metaph., Diph.44 (nisi leg. ἐπῇττε).3 lead on by persuasion, influence, Od.14.392, Th.1.107;ἐλπὶς ἥ σ' ἐπήγαγεν E.Hec. 1032
: c. inf., induce one to do, ib. 260, Isoc.14.63:—[voice] Pass.,οἷς ἐπαχθέντες ὑμεῖς D.5.10
(cod. S).4 bring in, invite as aiders or allies,τὸν Πέρσην Hdt.9.1
, cf. 8.112; τὸν Π. ἐπὶ τοὺς Ἕλληνας Epist. Phil. ap. D.12.7; (v. infr.11.2.5 bring to a place, bring in, S.Tr. 378, E.Ph. 905;ἅμαξαι.. τοὺς λίθους ἐπῆγον Th. 1.93
:—[voice] Med., draw in nourishment, of roots, Thphr.HP1.1.9:— [voice] Pass.,τροφὰ ἐπάγεται τῷ σώματι Ti.Locr.102b
.6 bring in, supply,ἐπιτήδεια Th.7.60
;τὰ ἐκ τῶν διωρύχων ἐ. νάματα Pl.Criti. 118e
;λίμνην.. εἰς τὴν ἅλμην Ephipp.5.12
: metaph.,ἐπάγει ἡ ψυχὴ τὸ ἓν ἄλλῳ Plot.6.9.1
.7 lay on or apply to one, ἐ. κέντρον πώλοις, of a charioteer, E.Hipp. 1194;ἐ. πληγὴν ἐπί τινα LXX Is.10.24
; ἐ. ζημίαν, = ἐπιτιθέναι, Luc.Anach.11; ἔπαγε τὴν γνάθον lay your jaws to it, Ar. V. 370; ἐ. τὴν διάνοιάν τινι apply it, Plu.Per.1.8 bring forward, ἐ. ψῆφον τοῖς ξυμμάχοις propose a vote to them, like ἐπιψηφίζειν ἐς.. Th.1.125, cf. 87; ψῆφος ἐπῆκτό τινι περὶ φυγῆς against him, X.An.7.7.57, cf. D.47.28;ἐ. ὅρκον τισί Paus.4.14.4
, cf.IG9(1).334.13 ([dialect] Locr.); also ἐ. δίκην, γραφήν τινι, bring a suit against one, Pl.Lg. 881e, D.18.150; γραφάς, εὐθύνας, εἰσαγγελίας ib.249;λεγέτω πρότερος ὁ ἐπάγων τὰν δίκαν Foed.Delph.Pell.1
A10;ἐ. αἰτίαν τινί D.18.141
;αἰτίαν ἐπήγαγέ μοι φόνου ψευδῆ Id.21.110
, cf.114.9 bring in over and above,παροψώνημα A.Ag. 1446
;τῷ λόγῳ τὸ ἔργον Plu.Lyc.8
:—[voice] Pass., τὸ ἐπαγόμενον φωνῆεν the vowel which follows, EM176.55; ὁ ἐ. ἀγών extraordinary, CIG 3491 ([place name] Thyatira).b intercalate days in the year, Hdt.2.4, D.S.1.50; αἱ ἐπαγόμεναι, with or without ἡμέραι, intercalated days, ib.13, Plu.2.355e, Inscr.Cypr.134 H., PStrassb.91.6, Vett.Val.20.26, 36.9, etc.10 in instruction or argument, lead on,τινὰς ἐπὶ τὰ μήπω γιγνωσκόμενα Pl.Plt. 278a
:—[voice] Pass.,ἐπαχθέντων αὐτῶν Aristox.Harm.p.23
M.b esp. in the Logic of Aristotle, teach or convince by induction,ἐπάγοντα ἀπὸ τῶν καθ' ἕκαστον ἐπὶ τὸ καθόλου καὶ τῶν γνωρίμων ἐπὶ τὰ ἄγνωστα Top.156a4
:—[voice] Pass., , cf.71a21,24: abs., συλλογιζόμενον ἢ ἐπάγοντα by syllogism or by induction, Rh.1356b8, cf. Top.157a21,al.;οὐδ' ὁ ἐπάγων ἀποδείκνυσιν APo.91b15
.c also ἐ. τὸ καθόλου bring forward, advance: hence, infer the general principle,τῇ καθ' ἕκαστα ἐπὶ τῶν ὁμοίων ἐπαγωγῇ ἐ. τὸ καθόλου Top.108b11
, cf. SE 174a34; so later, adduce the argument,ὅτι.. Alex.Aphr.
inSE6.2; conclude, infer, Arr.Epict.4.8.9.11 ἐ. τὴν κοιλίαν move the bowels, v.l. for ὑπ-, Dsc.4.157.II [voice] Med., bring to oneself, procure or provide for oneself,ἐκ θαλάσσης ὧν δέονται ἐπάξονται Th.1.81
, cf. 6.99: metaph., Ἅιδα φεῦξιν ἐ. devise, invent a means of shunning death, S. Ant. 362 (lyr.);τὴν τῶν ξυμμάχων δούλωσιν Th.3.10
;τῶν.. κακῶν ἐ. λήθην Men.467
.2 of persons, bring into one's country, bring in or introduce as allies (v. supr. 1.4), Hdt.2.108, Th.1.3, 2.68, 4.64,al.;οἰκιστὴν ἐ. Hdt.6.34
, cf. 5.67;ἐπιϝοίκους ἐ. Berl.Sitsb.1927.8
([dialect] Locr., v B. C.).3 μάρτυρας ποιητὰς ἐ. call them in as witnesses, Pl.R. 364c, cf. Lg. 823a, Arist.Metaph. 995a8; ἐ. ποιητὰς ἐν τοῖς λόγοις introduce by way of quotation, Pl.Prt. 347e;τὸν Ἡσίοδον μάρτυρα Id.Ly. 215c
; ἐ. μαρτύρια adduce testimonies, X.Smp.8.34;εἰκόνας ἐ. Id.Oec.17.15
;ὅρκον ἐ. πάντα τὰ ζῷα Porph.Abst.3.16
.4 bring upon oneself,νύκτα ἐν μεσημβρίᾳ Pl.Lg. 897d
;φθόνον X.Ap.32
;συμφορὰν ἐμαυτῷ Lys.4.19
;αὐθαίρετον αὑτοῖς δουλείαν D.19.259
;πράγματα Id.54.1
;ἑαυτοῖς δεστότην ἐ. τὸν νόμον Pl.Grg. 492b
;μητρυιὰν ἐ. κατὰ τῶν ἰδίων τέκνων D.S.12.12
.6 bring over to oneself, win over,τὸ πλῆθος Th.5.45
;τινὰ εἰς εὔνοιαν Plb.7.14.4
: c. acc. et inf., ἐ. τινὰς ξυγχωρῆσαι induce them to concede, Th.5.41. -
54 Mitchell, Charles
SUBJECT AREA: Ports and shipping[br]b. 20 May 1820 Aberdeen, Scotlandd. 22 August 1895 Jesmond, Newcastle upon Tyne, England[br]Scottish industrialist whose Tyneside shipyard was an early constituent of what became the Vickers Shipbuilding Group.[br]Mitchell's early education commenced at Ledingham's Academy, Correction Wynd, Aberdeen, and from there he became a premium apprentice at the Footdee Engineering Works of Wm Simpson \& Co. Despite being employed for around twelve hours each day, Mitchell matriculated at Marischal College (now merged with King's College to form the University of Aberdeen). He did not graduate, although in 1840 he won the chemistry prize. On the completion of his apprenticeship, like Andrew Leslie (founder of Hawthorn Leslie) and other young Aberdonians he moved to Tyneside, where most of his working life was spent. From 1842 until 1844 he worked as a draughtsman for his friend Coutts, who had a shipyard at Low Walker, before moving on to the drawing offices of Maudslay Sons and Field of London, then one of the leading shipbuilding and engineering establishments in the UK. While in London he studied languages, acquiring a skill that was to stand him in good stead in later years. In 1852 he returned to the North East and set up his own iron-ship building yard at Low Walker near Newcastle. Two years later he married Anne Swan, the sister of the two young men who were to found the company now known as Swan Hunter Ltd. The Mitchell yard grew in size and reputation and by the 1850s he was building for the Russian Navy and Merchant Marine as well as advising the Russians on their shipyards in St Petersburg. In 1867 the first informal business arrangement was concluded with Armstrongs for the supply of armaments for ships; this led to increased co-operation and ultimately in 1882 to the merger of the two shipyards as Sir W.G.Armstrong Mitchell \& Co. At the time of the merger, Mitchell had launched 450 ships in twenty-nine years. In 1886 the new company built the SS Gluckauf, the world's first bulk oil tanker. After ill health in 1865 Mitchell reduced his workload and lived for a while in Surbiton, London, but returned to Tyneside to a new house at Jesmond. In his later years he was a generous benefactor to many good causes in Tyneside and Aberdeen, to the Church and to the University of Aberdeen.[br]Further ReadingD.F.McGuire, 1988, Charles Mitchell 1820–1895, Victorian Shipbuilder, Newcastle upon Tyne: City Libraries and Arts.J.D.Scott, 1962, Vickers. A History, London: Weidenfeld \& Nicolson (a recommended overview of the Vickers Group).FMW -
55 ערךְ
עֵרֶךְm. (b. h.; preced.) 1) order, arrangement. Ned.22b שעֶרְכָּהּ של ארץ ישראל הוא because it (the Book of Joshua) contains the arrangement of the Land of Israel.Pl. עֲרָכִים, constr. עֶרְכֵי. Cant. R. to VI, 4; Pesik. Vayhi, p. 7a> sq. שש ע׳ המשנה, v. מִשְׁנָה.ע׳ המלהמה order of battle, arrangements proclaimed before the battle (v. מַעַרְכִים). Y.Sot.VIII, beg.22b (ref. to Mish. ib. 6) אבל בע׳ המ׳ מספקיןוכ׳ but in connection with the proclamation of the regulations of battle (the Mishnah says only), ‘they have to supply water Ib. אף בע׳ המ׳ כן the same is the case with ordinances of battle (they must be proclaimed in Hebrew). Bab. ib. 43b אין חוזרין עליו מע׳ המ׳ they are not entitled to leave the army on that account. Ib. 44b; Men.36a; a. e. 2) valuation, assessment, value of a person or animal dedicated to the sanctuary; vow of value. Arakh.7b ואמר עֶרְכִּי עלי if he says, I vow my own value. Ib. IV, 1 הע׳ בזמן הע׳ the valuation is regulated by the time of the vow (irrespective of the value at the time of paying the vow); ib. 4 נותן כזמן הע׳ he pays according to the value at the time of the vow. Ib. נותן ע׳ זקן he pays the value of an old man (Lev. 27:7); ע׳ ילד the value of a child (ib. 6); a. fr.Pl. עֲרָכִים, עֲרָכִין. Ib. II, 1 אין בע׳וכ׳ (Var. נֶעֱרָכִין, v. עָרַךְ) in vows of value nothing is valued at less than a Selʿa ; ib. 7b כל ע׳ שאתה מעריךוכ׳ all values which you assess shall be no less than Ib. IV, 1 והע׳ בנערך the vows of value are regulated by the condition of the person whose value is vowed. Ib. III, 1 יש בע׳ להקלוכ׳ in the laws regulating the dedication of values there is a lenient and a rigorous side. Ib. 2a, a. e. כל שישנו בדמים ישנו בע׳ … אינו בע׳ he whose person has a value, can vow the value of a person or an animal, but he whose person has no value cannot. Kerith. 13b דמין וע׳, v. דָּמִים. Tanḥ. Bḥuck. 6 פרשת ע׳ the section treating of vows of value. Ib. בזכות הע׳ אני מצילוכ׳ as a reward for your offerings of values, I will save you ; a. fr. ʿĂrakhin, name of a treatise of Mishnah, Tosefta and Talmud Babli, of the Order of Kodashim. ערכין, Gitt.44a Ar., v. עַרְכִי. -
56 עֵרֶךְ
עֵרֶךְm. (b. h.; preced.) 1) order, arrangement. Ned.22b שעֶרְכָּהּ של ארץ ישראל הוא because it (the Book of Joshua) contains the arrangement of the Land of Israel.Pl. עֲרָכִים, constr. עֶרְכֵי. Cant. R. to VI, 4; Pesik. Vayhi, p. 7a> sq. שש ע׳ המשנה, v. מִשְׁנָה.ע׳ המלהמה order of battle, arrangements proclaimed before the battle (v. מַעַרְכִים). Y.Sot.VIII, beg.22b (ref. to Mish. ib. 6) אבל בע׳ המ׳ מספקיןוכ׳ but in connection with the proclamation of the regulations of battle (the Mishnah says only), ‘they have to supply water Ib. אף בע׳ המ׳ כן the same is the case with ordinances of battle (they must be proclaimed in Hebrew). Bab. ib. 43b אין חוזרין עליו מע׳ המ׳ they are not entitled to leave the army on that account. Ib. 44b; Men.36a; a. e. 2) valuation, assessment, value of a person or animal dedicated to the sanctuary; vow of value. Arakh.7b ואמר עֶרְכִּי עלי if he says, I vow my own value. Ib. IV, 1 הע׳ בזמן הע׳ the valuation is regulated by the time of the vow (irrespective of the value at the time of paying the vow); ib. 4 נותן כזמן הע׳ he pays according to the value at the time of the vow. Ib. נותן ע׳ זקן he pays the value of an old man (Lev. 27:7); ע׳ ילד the value of a child (ib. 6); a. fr.Pl. עֲרָכִים, עֲרָכִין. Ib. II, 1 אין בע׳וכ׳ (Var. נֶעֱרָכִין, v. עָרַךְ) in vows of value nothing is valued at less than a Selʿa ; ib. 7b כל ע׳ שאתה מעריךוכ׳ all values which you assess shall be no less than Ib. IV, 1 והע׳ בנערך the vows of value are regulated by the condition of the person whose value is vowed. Ib. III, 1 יש בע׳ להקלוכ׳ in the laws regulating the dedication of values there is a lenient and a rigorous side. Ib. 2a, a. e. כל שישנו בדמים ישנו בע׳ … אינו בע׳ he whose person has a value, can vow the value of a person or an animal, but he whose person has no value cannot. Kerith. 13b דמין וע׳, v. דָּמִים. Tanḥ. Bḥuck. 6 פרשת ע׳ the section treating of vows of value. Ib. בזכות הע׳ אני מצילוכ׳ as a reward for your offerings of values, I will save you ; a. fr. ʿĂrakhin, name of a treatise of Mishnah, Tosefta and Talmud Babli, of the Order of Kodashim. ערכין, Gitt.44a Ar., v. עַרְכִי. -
57 О-23
РАВНЫМ ОБРАЗОМ NP instrum Invarl. Also: В РАВНОЙ МЕРЕ (СТЕПЕНИ) litPrepP modif foil. byt AdvP or AdjP) to an equal degreeequallyjust as.Великий комбинатор не любил ксендзов. В равной степени он отрицательно относился к раввинам, далай-ламам, муэдзинам, шаманам и прочим служителям культа (Ильф и Петров 2). The smooth operator didn't like Catholic priests. He took an equally dim view of rabbis, dalai lamas, popes, muezzins, medicine men, and other such ministers of religious worship (2a).2. (sent advused to liken a statement to the preceding statementsimilarlylikewise (in limited contexts) by the same token."...Мы остереглись проговориться Петру Петровичу (Лужину) хоть о чем-нибудь из этих дальнейших мечтаний наших и, главное, о том, что ты будешь его компаньоном... Равным образом ни я, ни Дуня ни полслова еще не говорили с ним о крепкой надежде нашей, что он поможет нам способствовать тебе деньгами, пока ты в университете...» (Достоевский 3). "...We have been careful not to let slip a word to Mr Luzhin about any part of these dreams of ours for the future, and especially about you becoming his partner....Similarly, neither I nor Dunya have said a word to him yet about our confident hope that he will help us to supply you with funds while you are at the university" (3a). -
58 в равной мере
[NPinslruni; invar]=====1. Also: В РАВНОЙ МЕРЕ < СТЕПЕНИ> lit [PrepP; modif; foll. by AdvP or AdjP]⇒ to an equal degree:- equally;- just as.♦ Великий комбинатор не любил ксендзов. В равной степени он отрицательно относился к раввинам, далай-ламам, муэдзинам, шаманам и прочим служителям культа (Ильф и Петров 2). The smooth operator didn't like Catholic priests. He took an equally dim view of rabbis, dalai lamas, popes, muezzins, medicine men, and other such ministers of religious worship (2a).2. [sent adv]⇒ used to liken a statement to the preceding statement:- similarly;- likewise;- [in limited contexts] by the same token.♦ "...Мы остереглись проговориться Петру Петровичу [Лужину] хоть о чем-нибудь из этих дальнейших мечтаний наших и, главное, о том, что ты будешь его компаньоном... Равным образом ни я, ни Дуня ни полслова еше не говорили с ним о крепкой надежде нашей, что он поможет нам способствовать тебе деньгами, пока ты в университете..." (Достоевский 3). "...We have been careful not to let slip a word to Mr Luzhin about any part of these dreams of ours for the future, and especially about you becoming his partner....Similarly, neither I nor Dunya have said a word to him yet about our confident hope that he will help us to supply you with funds while you are at the university" (3a).Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > в равной мере
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59 в равной степени
[NPinslruni; invar]=====1. Also: В РАВНОЙ МЕРЕ < СТЕПЕНИ> lit [PrepP; modif; foll. by AdvP or AdjP]⇒ to an equal degree:- equally;- just as.♦ Великий комбинатор не любил ксендзов. В равной степени он отрицательно относился к раввинам, далай-ламам, муэдзинам, шаманам и прочим служителям культа (Ильф и Петров 2). The smooth operator didn't like Catholic priests. He took an equally dim view of rabbis, dalai lamas, popes, muezzins, medicine men, and other such ministers of religious worship (2a).2. [sent adv]⇒ used to liken a statement to the preceding statement:- similarly;- likewise;- [in limited contexts] by the same token.♦ "...Мы остереглись проговориться Петру Петровичу [Лужину] хоть о чем-нибудь из этих дальнейших мечтаний наших и, главное, о том, что ты будешь его компаньоном... Равным образом ни я, ни Дуня ни полслова еше не говорили с ним о крепкой надежде нашей, что он поможет нам способствовать тебе деньгами, пока ты в университете..." (Достоевский 3). "...We have been careful not to let slip a word to Mr Luzhin about any part of these dreams of ours for the future, and especially about you becoming his partner....Similarly, neither I nor Dunya have said a word to him yet about our confident hope that he will help us to supply you with funds while you are at the university" (3a).Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > в равной степени
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60 равным образом
[NPinslruni; invar]=====1. Also: В РАВНОЙ МЕРЕ < СТЕПЕНИ> lit [PrepP; modif; foll. by AdvP or AdjP]⇒ to an equal degree:- equally;- just as.♦ Великий комбинатор не любил ксендзов. В равной степени он отрицательно относился к раввинам, далай-ламам, муэдзинам, шаманам и прочим служителям культа (Ильф и Петров 2). The smooth operator didn't like Catholic priests. He took an equally dim view of rabbis, dalai lamas, popes, muezzins, medicine men, and other such ministers of religious worship (2a).2. [sent adv]⇒ used to liken a statement to the preceding statement:- similarly;- likewise;- [in limited contexts] by the same token.♦ "...Мы остереглись проговориться Петру Петровичу [Лужину] хоть о чем-нибудь из этих дальнейших мечтаний наших и, главное, о том, что ты будешь его компаньоном... Равным образом ни я, ни Дуня ни полслова еше не говорили с ним о крепкой надежде нашей, что он поможет нам способствовать тебе деньгами, пока ты в университете..." (Достоевский 3). "...We have been careful not to let slip a word to Mr Luzhin about any part of these dreams of ours for the future, and especially about you becoming his partner....Similarly, neither I nor Dunya have said a word to him yet about our confident hope that he will help us to supply you with funds while you are at the university" (3a).Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > равным образом
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