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101 rejeter
rejeter [ʀəʒ(ə)te, ʀ(ə)ʒəte]➭ TABLE 41. transitive verba. ( = relancer) [+ objet] to throw back (à to)b. [+ fumée, gaz, déchets] to dischargec. ( = refuser) to reject ; [+ accusation] to deny ; [+ indésirable] to expel ; [+ envahisseur] to push backd. ( = faire porter) rejeter une faute sur qn/qch to put the blame on sb/sth• rejeter ses cheveux en arrière to push one's hair back ; (d'un mouvement de la tête) to toss one's hair backf. [+ greffon] to reject2. reflexive verba. ( = se reculer)b. ( = se renvoyer) ils se rejettent (mutuellement) la responsabilité de la rupture they lay the responsibility for the break-up at each other's door* * *ʀəʒ(ə)te, ʀʒəte
1.
1) ( refuser) gén to reject [théorie, initiative, alliance, conseil, pièce défectueuse, candidature]; to turn down [offre]; Administration, Droit to dismiss [plainte, charges, résolution]; to defeat [motion]; to deny [requête]; to reject [demande]; to set aside [décision, verdict]2) ( exclure) to reject [enfant, marginal]3) ( renvoyer)rejeter quelque chose sur quelqu'un — to shift something onto somebody [tort, responsabilité]
4) ( restituer) [organisme] to reject [greffon]; [machine] to reject [jetons]5) ( produire) [usine] to discharge [déchets]; to eject [fumée, gaz]; [volcan] to spew out [lave]6) ( se débarrasser de) [personne, compagnie] to dispose of [déchets]; [pêcheur] to throw [something] back [poisson]; [mer, marée] to wash up [corps, débris]7) ( déplacer)9) ( bouger brutalement) [personne] to throw [tête, cheveux, épaules] ( en arrière back)
2.
se rejeter verbe pronominal1) ( se reculer)se rejeter en arrière — to throw ou fling oneself back
2) ( se renvoyer)* * *ʀ(ə)ʒ(ə)te vt1) (= refuser) [offre, proposition, demande] to turn down, to reject, [argument, hypothèse] to reject, [accusation] to dismiss, [texte de loi] to reject, to throw out, [plainte, recours, procédure] to reject, to dismiss, [personne] to reject2) (= déverser) [produits toxiques, déchets] to throw out, to discharge3) (= relancer) to throw back4)5) (= reporter)6) [greffe] to reject* * *rejeter verb table: jeterA vtr1 ( refuser) gén to reject [théorie, initiative, alliance, conseil, pièce défectueuse, candidature]; to turn down [offre]; Admin, Jur to dismiss [recours, plainte, charges, résolution]; to defeat [motion, proposition, projet de loi]; to deny [requête]; to reject [demande]; to set aside [décision, verdict]; rejeter une proposition de paix to reject a peace proposal; rejeter des accusations to dismiss accusations; sa candidature a été rejetée his application was rejected;3 ( renvoyer) rejeter qch to shift sth [tort, faute, responsabilité] (sur onto); elle rejette tous les torts sur son mari she shifts all the blame onto her husband; rejeter la responsabilité de qch sur qn to shift the blame for sth onto sb;4 ( restituer) [malade] to bring up [nourriture, bile, sang]; [organisme] to reject [greffon]; [machine] to reject [jetons, pièces];5 ( produire) [usine, zone industrielle] to discharge [déchets, eaux usées]; to eject [fumée, gaz]; [volcan] to spew out [lave]; rejeter des déchets dans une rivière/à la mer to discharge waste into a river/into the sea; rejeter du chlore/soufre dans l'atmosphère to eject chlorine/sulphurGB into the atmosphere;6 ( se débarrasser de) [personne, compagnie] to dispose of [déchets]; [pêcheur] to throw [sth] back [poisson]; [mer, marée] to wash up [corps, débris]; rejeter un poisson à l'eau/dans une rivière to throw a fish back into the water/into a river; épave rejetée sur le rivage flotsam washed ashore; rejeter des déchets en mer to dump waste at sea;7 ( déplacer) rejeter un mot en fin de phrase/au début d'un vers to put a word at the end of the sentence/at the beginning of a line of verse;9 ( bouger brutalement) [personne] to throw [tête, cheveux, épaules] (en arrière back); il rejeta le buste en arrière pour éviter le coup he threw his body back to avoid being hit.B se rejeter vpr2 ( se renvoyer) se rejeter les torts or la faute to blame each other; se rejeter la responsabilité de qch to blame each other for sth.[rəʒte] verbe transitif1. [relancer] to throw back (separable)[violemment] to hurl back (separable)2. [repousser - ennemi] to drive ou to push back (separable)la société les rejette society rejects them ou casts them out3. [rendre - nourriture] to spew out (separable), to throw up (separable), to reject ; [ - déchets] to throw out (separable), to expella mer a rejeté plusieurs épaves several wrecks were washed up ou cast up by the sea5. [déplacer]rejeter la faute/la responsabilité sur quelqu'un to shift the blame/responsibility on to somebody————————[rəʒte] verbe intransitif————————se rejeter verbe pronominal intransitif————————se rejeter verbe pronominal transitif[se renvoyer] -
102 Les États, les pays et les continents
Les adjectifs comme anglais peuvent aussi qualifier des personnes (par ex. un touriste anglais ⇒ Les nationalités) et des langues (par ex. un mot anglais ⇒ Les langues.)Les noms de paysL’anglais n’utilise pas d’article défini devant les noms de pays et de continents, sauf pour les noms qui ont une forme de pluriel (the United States, the Netherlands, the Philippines etc.) et quelques rares exceptions (the Congo, the Gambia). En cas de doute, consulter l’article dans le dictionnaire.la France= Francele Brésil= BrazilCuba= Cubal’Afrique= Africaaimer la France= to like Franceaimer l’Afrique= to like AfricaAttention: les noms qui ont une forme de pluriel se comportent en général comme des noms singuliers.les États-Unis sont un pays riche= the United States is a rich countryNoter que les noms de continents et de pays qui utilisent les points cardinaux ne prennent pas d’article défini non plus:l’Amérique du Nord= North Americala Corée du Sud= South KoreaÀ, au, aux, enÀ, au, aux et en se traduisent par to avec les verbes de mouvement (par ex. aller, se rendre etc.) et par in avec les autres verbes (par ex. être, habiter etc.).aller au Brésil= to go to Brazilaller en Afrique= to go to Africavivre au Brésil= to live in Brazilvivre en Afrique= to live in AfricaDe avec les noms de pays et de continentsLes expressions françaises avec de se traduisent en général en anglais par l’emploi de l’adjectif. Mais voir ci-dessous quelques exceptions.Attention: l’anglais emploie toujours la majuscule pour les adjectifs ethniques.l’ambassade de France= the French embassyles campagnes de la France= the French countrysidele climat de la France= the French climatel’équipe de France= the French teamles fleuves et rivières de France= French riversl’histoire de France= French historyMais noter:l’ambassadeur de France= the French ambassador ou the ambassador of Francela capitale de la France= the capital of Franceles peuples de l’Afrique= the peoples of Africaune carte de France= a map of FranceTraduction des adjectifsl’argent français= French moneyl’armée française= the French armyl’aviation française= the French air forcela cuisine française= French cookingla douane française= the French Customsle gouvernement français= the French governmentla langue française= the French languagela littérature française= French literaturela marine française= the French navyle peuple français= the French nationla politique française= French politicsles traditions françaises= French traditionsla vie politique française= French politicsune ville française= a French townEn anglais, dans quelques rares cas, on trouve aussi le nom du pays ou du continent utilisé en position d’adjectif: the England team, the Africa question etc. Il est préférable de ne pas imiter ces tournures.Dictionnaire Français-Anglais > Les États, les pays et les continents
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103 Harkis, les
In France, the term Harki is used to define Moslem Algerians who, during the Algerian war of independence, fought with the French army against the independentists. At the end of the war in 1962, and although the French tried to stop their exodus, about 90,000 Harkis managed to escape to France. Many of the thousands who remained in Algeria were massacred. In France, the situation of the Harkis was for many years brushed under the carpet. Thousands of Harki families were accommodated for years in internment camps and forestry camps, the most notorious of these being the Camp Joffre, near Perpignan. It was not until the 1990s that the French government began to officially recognise the injustices done to the Harkis; most recently, in 2007, President Sarkozy announced further measures in favour of Harki families, but stopped short of recognising any French responsibility for the fate suffered by Harkis after the war.Dictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > Harkis, les
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104 Armée du Salut
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105 commission
commission [kɔmisjɔ̃]1. feminine nouna. ( = comité restreint) committee ; ( = bureau nommé) commissionb. ( = message) message• est-ce qu'on vous a fait la commission ? were you given the message?c. ( = course) errandd. ( = emplettes) commissions shopping• faire les/des commissions to do the/some shoppinge. ( = pourcentage) commission• toucher 10 % de commission to get a 10% commission2. compounds* * *kɔmisjɔ̃
1.
1) ( groupe de travail) committee2) Commerce, Finance commission3) ( mission)faire une commission pour quelqu'un — to do ou run an errand for somebody
4) ( message)
2.
commissions (colloq) nom féminin pluriel shopping [U]faire les commissions — to do one's ou the shopping
* * *kɔmisjɔ̃1. nf1) (= comité) commission2) (= pourcentage) commissionune commission de 10% — a commission of 10%, a 10% commission
3) (= message) messageJe lui ai fait la commission. — I gave him the message.
4) (= course) errand2. commissions nfpl(= achats) shopping sg* * *A nf1 ( groupe de travail) committee;2 Comm, Fin commission; elle prend une commission de 5% she takes a 5% commission; être payé à la commission to be payed on a commission basis;4 ( message) faire la commission à qn to give sb the message, to pass the message on to sb; il pourrait faire ses commissions tout seul! he could do ou run his own errands!B commissions○ nfpl shopping ¢; faire les commissions to do one's ou the shopping; il est parti en commissions he is out shopping.commission ad hoc ad hoc committee; commission d'arbitrage arbitration committee; commission de contrôle board of enquiry GB ou inquiry US; commission des Communautés européennes Commission of the European Communities, EC Commission; commission des comptes Fin accounts commission; commission d'enquête gén investigating committee, board of enquiry GB ou inquiry US; Pol select committee; commission d'examen board of examiners; commission des Lois Law commission; commission paritaire joint consultative committee; commission parlementaire parliamentary committee; commission permanente standing committee; commission rogatoire rogatory commission; commission temporaire temporary committee.faire la petite commission○ baby talk to do number one○; faire la grosse commission baby talk to do number two○.[kɔmisjɔ̃] nom féminincommission d'enquête board ou commission of enquirycommission parlementaire parliamentary committee ou commission2. DROIT [pouvoir] commission3. MILITAIREtoucher une commission sur une vente to get a commission ou percentage on a saletravailler à la commission to work on a commission basis ou for a percentage5. [course] errand6. [message]7. (familier & euphémisme)la petite/grosse commission number one/twofaire la petite/grosse commission to do a wee-wee/poo————————commissions nom féminin pluriel[achats] shopping -
106 exode
exode [εgzɔd]masculine noun* * *ɛgzɔdnom masculin lit, fig exodusPhrasal Verbs:* * *ɛɡzɔd nm* * *exode nm exodus (vers to); l'Exode Bible the Exodus; l'exode Hist the exodus from French cities in 1940.exode des capitaux flight of capital; exode des cerveaux brain drain; exode rural rural depopulation.ⓘ Exode rural This refers to the population drift from rural to urban areas which took place on a massive scale in the post-war decades.[ɛgzɔd] nom masculin1. [départ] exodusl'exode HISTOIREthe flight southward and westward of French civilians before the occupying German army in 19402. BIBLE -
107 mai
c black mai [mε]masculine noun━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━✎ Les noms de mois s'écrivent avec une majuscule en anglais.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━LE PREMIER MAI/LE 8 MAILe premier mai is a public holiday in France. It is known as « la fête du Travail » (« Labor Day ») and commemorates the trades union demonstrations in the United States in 1886 when workers demanded the right to an eight-hour working day. Sprigs of lily of the valley are traditionally exchanged.Le 8 mai is also a public holiday and commemorates the surrender of the German army to Eisenhower on 7 May, 1945. It is marked by parades of ex-servicemen and ex-servicewomen in most towns.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━In 1968, unrest in French industry and among students resulted in huge demonstrations in May followed by a general strike. The events were perceived as a challenge to the established order and a cry for freedom. The government was not in fact overthrown and order soon returned. The term « soixante-huitard » literally means a person who participated in the events, but as an adjective it also describes the kind of ideals held by many of the demonstrators.* * *mɛnom masculin May* * *mɛ nmSee:* * *[mɛ] nom masculin[mois] Mayvoir aussi link=mars marsThe events of May 1968 came about when student protests, coupled with widespread industrial unrest, culminated in a general strike and rioting. De Gaulle's government survived the crisis, but the issues raised made the events a turning point in French social history. -
108 marseillais
marseillais, e [maʀsεjε, εz]1. adjectiveof or from Marseilles2. masculine noun, feminineMarseillais(e) inhabitant or native of Marseilles3. feminine noun━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━The Marseillaise has been France's national anthem since 1879. The words of the « Chant de guerre de l'armée du Rhin », as the song was originally called, were written to an anonymous tune by an army captain called Rouget de Lisle in 1792. Adopted as a marching song by the Marseille battalion, it was finally popularized as the Marseillaise.* * *marseillaise maʀsɛjɛ, ɛz adjectif of Marseillesune histoire marseillaise — ≈ a tall story
* * *maʀsɛjɛ, ɛz marseillais, -e1. adjMarseilles modif2. nfthe French national anthem* * *( féminin marseillaise) [marsɛjɛ, ɛz] adjectif————————————————Marseillaise nom fémininThe French national anthem, most likely written by Rouget de Lisle, was sung for the first time in 1792 by a group of revolutionaries as they arrived in Paris from Marseilles. It became the national song in 1795. -
109 revers
revers [ʀ(ə)vεʀ]masculine nound. ( = coup du sort) setback* * *ʀ(ə)vɛʀnom masculin invariable1) ( dos) ( de feuille) back, reverse; ( de tissu) wrong side; ( de médaille) reversele revers de la médaille — fig the downside (colloq)
2) ( repli) ( de veste) lapel; ( de pantalon) turn-up GB, cuff US; ( de manche) cuff3) ( au tennis) backhand (stroke)•Phrasal Verbs:••toute médaille a son revers — Proverbe there is no rose without a thorn
* * *ʀ(ə)vɛʀ nm1) [feuille, main] back2) [étoffe] reverse, reverse side3) [pièce, médaille] back, reverse4) TENNIS, PING-PONG backhandElle a un excellent revers. — She has an excellent backhand.
5) [veston] lapel, [pantalon] turn-up6) (= échec) setback7)prendre à revers MILITAIRE — to take from the rear
* * *revers nm inv1 ( dos) ( de feuille) back, reverse; ( de tissu) wrong side; ( de main) back; (de médaille, pièce) reverse; d'un revers de la main with the back of one's hand; le revers de la médaille fig the downside○, the disagreeable aspect; prendre une armée à revers Mil to attack an army from the rear;3 ( au tennis) backhand (stroke); faire un revers to play a backhand (stroke);revers de fortune reversal of fortune.toute médaille a son revers Prov there is no rose without a thorn.[rəvɛr] nom masculin1. [d'une blouse, d'un veston] lapel[d'une manche] (turned-back) cuff[d'un uniforme] facingcol/bottes à revers turned-down collar/boots2. [d'une feuille, d'un tissu, d'un tableau, de la main] back[d'une médaille, d'une pièce] reverse (side)c'est le revers de la médaille that's the other side of the coin, there's the rub3. [échec, défaite] setbackrevers de fortune reverse of fortune, setback (in one's fortunes)à revers locution adverbialeMILITAIRE from ou in the rear -
110 secteur
secteur [sεktœʀ]masculine nouna. sector ; (Administration) district ; ( = zone, domaine) area ; ( = partie) part ; [d'agent de police] beatb. ( = circuit électrique) le secteur the mains (supply)• « fonctionne sur pile et secteur » "battery or mains operated"c. (Economics) secteur public/privé public/private sector* * *sɛktœʀnom masculin1) Économie ( d'activités générales) sectorsecteur primaire/secondaire/tertiaire — primary/manufacturing/service sector
2) Administration ( subdivision) area, territory; Armée sector3) (colloq) ( parages) neighbourhood [BrE]le secteur — ( réseau) the mains (pl)
5) Mathématique sector* * *sɛktœʀ nm1) (zone géographique) areaC'est un restaurant qui se trouve dans le secteur de Notre-Dame. — It's a restaurant situated in the Notre-Dame area.
2) ÉCONOMIE sector3) ADMINISTRATION district4) ÉLECTRICITÉ, ÉLECTRONIQUE5) MILITAIRE sector6) [agent de police] beat7) MATHÉMATIQUE sector* * *secteur nm1 Écon ( d'activités générales) sector; secteur primaire/privé/public primary/private/public sector; secteur secondaire or manufacturier manufacturing (sector); secteur tertiaire or des services service sector; secteur de l'industrie industrial sector; secteur d'activité sector; secteur agricole/bancaire/hospitalier farming/banking/hospital sector; les différents secteurs économiques the various sectors of the economy;2 Admin ( subdivision) area; secteur de recrutement scolaire school's catchment area; les représentants commerciaux ont chacun leur secteur each sales representative has his own territory;3 ○( parages) neighbourhoodGB; on a intérêt à changer de secteur we'd be better off somewhere else;4 Électrotech le secteur ( réseau) the mains (pl); appareil fonctionnant sur secteur mains-operated appliance; panne de secteur power failure;5 Math sector; secteur sphérique sector of a sphere;[sɛktɶr] nom masculinsecteur primaire primary sector ou productionsecteur privé private sector ou enterprisesecteur secondaire manufacturing ou secondary sectorsecteur tertiaire service ou tertiary sector2. [zone d'action - d'un policier] beat ; [ - d'un représentant] area, patch ; [ - de l'urbanisme] district, area3. (familier) [quartier]4. ÉLECTRICITÉ -
111 zero
n. m.1. (of person): 'Nonentity', character of no importance whatsoever. C'est un vrai zéro! He's a real nobody!2. Le zero: 'The arse-hole', the anus, the anal sphincter.3. Les avoir à zéro: To 'have the shits', to be in a blue funk, to be petrified. (Alain Rey and Jacques Cellard in their DICTIONNAIRE DU FRANÇAIS NONCONVENTIONNEL associate semantically le zéro and fear, in spite of the fact that the accepted alternative to the above expression is avoir le trouillomètre à zéro.)4. Etre à zéro:a To be 'back to square-one', to have lost all.b To be 'knackered', 'buggered', to be exhausted.5. Bander à zéro:a (lit.): To have 'a hard', to have 'the big stick', to have an erection.b (fig.): To be 'over the moon' about something, to feel elated. Il bandait à zéro de nous savoir dans la chtouille: He was dead chuffed knowing that we were going through a tough patch.6. Zéro! (also: zéro pour la question!): No way! — Nothing doing! — Certainly not!7. Avoir la boule à zéro: To be as bald as a coot. (The origin of the expression lies not in the zeroshape of a bald head, but in the head-shears used by army and prison barbers, known as zéro or double-zéro.)8. A zéro (adv. exp.): Totally, completely. On était affranchis à zéro: We were fully genned-up. On s'est fait avoir à zéro! We were well and truly trounced! -
112 Armed forces
Since the phasing out of conscription in 2001, the French armed forces have become fully professional. In 2001, the total manpower of the French military was 516,112 people, 216,538 of them in the Armée de Terre(the land army), 70,802 in the Armée de l'Air (the Air Force), and 59,450 in the Marine Nationale (the navy). The total figure also includes 100,358 men and women in the Gendarmerie, which, though a police force, is considered as one of the armed forces in France. A further 65,964 people were employed in general military support and social services.Dictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > Armed forces
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113 OAS
Secret army set up by French right-wing activists in Algeria in 1961, in the hope of stopping the process of decolonisation and independence. The main leader of the movement was General Salan. In 1961 and 1962, the OAS was responsible for a campaign of bombings and assassinations inFrance and Algeria, targeting people in favour of independence. After the Evian agreements, paving the way for independence, the OAS tried in vain to provoke the remaining French colons into insurrection, through more bloody acts of terrorism, culminating in an assassination attempt on DeGaulle at Petit-Clamart, in the south-west suburbs of Paris. After the violence, hundreds of ex-members of the OAS were tried and found guilty, and three were sentenced to death. In an attempt at national reconciliation, many of those who were jailed were later amnistied. -
114 Algérie
Algérie [alʒeʀi]feminine noun* * *alʒeʀinom propre féminin Algeria* * *alʒeʀi nf* * *Algérie ⇒ Les États, les pays et les continents nprf Algeria.[alʒeri] nom propre fémininThe most bitter of France's post-colonial struggles, 1954-62. In a country dominated by a million white settlers, the pieds noirs, the government's failure to crush the revolt of the Front de libération nationale (FLN), despite massive military intervention, led settlers and army officers to attempt a takeover of the colony. The recall to power of General de Gaulle (1958), and the Accords d'Évian (1962), led to Algeria's independence and the resettlement of the pieds noirs in France. -
115 libération
libération [libeʀasjɔ̃]feminine nounc. [d'énergie, électrons] release* * *libeʀasjɔ̃nom féminin Histoire ( de 1944)* * *libeʀasjɔ̃ nf[pays] liberation1) [prisonnier] release2) [soldat] discharge* * *libération nf1 (de prisonnier, d'otage) release; exiger la libération de tous les otages to demand the release of all the hostages;2 (de pays, ville, peuple) liberation; armée/front/mouvement de libération liberation army/front/movement;3 ( affranchissement) liberation; libération des esclaves liberation of slaves; libération sexuelle sexual liberation; libération des femmes or de la femme women's liberation;4 ( soulagement) relief; éprouver un sentiment de libération to feel a sense of relief;5 Écon ( de prix) deregulation; ( d'échanges) freeing; libération des loyers/tarifs lifting of rent/tariff controls; libération des mouvements de capitaux removal of control on capital flows;6 Fin (d'actions, de capital) paying up;7 Mil discharge; attendre sa libération to await one's discharge;[liberasjɔ̃] nom féminin1. [d'un pays] liberation[d'un soldat] discharge3. [émancipation]4. ÉCONOMIEla libération des prix the deregulation of prices, the removal of price controls5. PRESSE -
116 Saint-Cyr
French military academy, the equivalent of the US West Point or Britain's Sandhurst. Located at Saint Cyr l'Ecole, just west of Paris, this military academy was founded under Napoleon in 1802. It trains the elite officer corps of the French army and of the Gendarmerie, the national police force that comes under military command in France. Graduates of this school are known as Saint-Cyriens. for most of its existence the school has only trained male students; but in 1983 it was opened up to female recruits. The school has a second campus at Coëtquidan, in the west of Brittany.Dictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > Saint-Cyr
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117 as
as [αs]masculine nouna. ( = carte, dé) ace* * *aɛs1) (abbr = Armée secrète) Secret Army2) abbr association* * *aɛs1. abr nfplSee:2. abr nfSPORT Association sportive, FC, (Football Club)* * *as nm inv1 Jeux (aux cartes, dés, dominos) ace; (au loto, tiercé) l'as number one; as de cœur/trèfle ace of hearts/clubs;2 ○( champion) ace○; as du volant ace○ ou crack driver; as du ciel flying ace; être un as en cuisine to be an ace○ ou a brilliant○ cook; tu es un as! you're brilliant○!; pour faire des bêtises tu es vraiment un as when it comes to doing stupid things you're the best ou the world champion;as de pique lit ace of spades; fig○ [croupion] parson's nose; être ficelé or fagoté comme l'as de pique○ to look a mess.être plein aux as○ to be loaded○, to be stinking rich○; passer à l'as○ ( être gaspillé) [somme d'argent] to be ou to go down the drain; ( être annulé) [projet, augmentation, vacances] to go by the board; ( ne pas être compté) [consommations] gén to be overlooked; ( sur une facture) to be left off the bill; passer qch à l'as ( ne pas compter) to forget about sth deliberately.[as] nom masculin[aux courses] number onel'as de cœur/pique the ace of hearts/spadest'es fagoté ou ficelé ou fichu comme l'as de pique (familier) you look as if you've been dragged through a hedge backwardsDelphine, t'es un as! Delphine, you're a marvel!un as de la route ou du volant a crack driver -
118 camp
camp [kɑ̃]1. masculine nouna. ( = emplacement) campb. ( = séjour) faire un camp d'une semaine to go on a camp for a week2. compounds* * *kɑ̃nom masculin1) Armée camp2) ( prison) campcamp de détention or réclusion — detention centre [BrE]
3) ( campement provisoire) camp4) Sport, Politique side•Phrasal Verbs:••ficher (colloq) or foutre (sl) le camp — to split (colloq), to leave
tout fout le camp — (sl) everything is falling apart
* * *kɑ̃ nm1) (vacances, campeurs) camp2) (réfugiés, prisonniers) camp3) (expédition, militaire) camp4) fig (= partie) side* * *camp nm1 Mil (lieu, groupe) camp; camp militaire military camp; camp fortifié fortified camp; camp d'entraînement training camp; rentrer au camp to return to (the) camp; lever le camp lit to strike camp; fig○ to leave;2 ( prison) camp; camp de prisonniers prison camp; camp de détention or réclusion detention centreGB;3 ( campement provisoire) camp; camp de réfugiés/nudistes/vacances refugee/nudist/holiday camp; camp scout scout camp; faire un camp [scout] to go on camp; partir en camp d'escalade to go on a climbing holiday;4 Sport, Pol side; choisir son camp to choose one's side; changer de camp to change sides; dans le camp adverse on the other side.camp de concentration concentration camp; camp d'extermination extermination camp; camp d'internement internment camp; camp de la mort death camp; camp retranché entrenched camp; camp de travail labourGB camp; Camp du Drap d'or Field of the Cloth of Gold.[kɑ̃] nom masculincamp militaire/retranché military/fortified campcamp d'extermination ou de la mort death camppasser dans l'autre camp, changer de camp to change sides, to go over to the other side6. (locution) -
119 personnel
c black personnel, -elle [pεʀsɔnεl]1. adjectivea. ( = particulier, privé) personal ; [appel téléphonique] privateb. ( = égoïste) selfishc. [pronom, nom, verbe] personalc black2. masculine nounstaff ; [d'usine, service public] personnel━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━✎ L'adjectif anglais s'écrit avec un seul n et se termine par -al.* * *
1.
- elle pɛʀsɔnɛl adjectif1) ( individuel) [ami, effets] personal; [engagement, papiers] privateadresse personnelle — home ou private address
‘personnelle’ — ( sur une lettre) ‘private’
‘strictement personnelle’ — ( sur une lettre) ‘private and confidential’
2) ( original) individual3) ( égoïste) selfish4) Linguistique [forme, pronom] personal; [mode] finite
2.
nom masculin (d'industrie, usine) workforce; (de compagnie, d'administration) employees (pl), personnel; (d'hôpital, hôtel) staffpersonnel navigant/au sol — flight/ground personnel
* * *pɛʀsɔnɛl personnel, -le1. adj1) (idée, opinion) personal2) (conversation, lettre) private2. nm[commerce, entreprise] staff, personnelIl nous faut plus de personnel. — We need more staff.
* * *A adj1 ( individuel) [ami, effets, ordinateur] personal; [engagement, papiers] private; fortune personnelle private ou personal fortune; pour son usage personnel for one's personal ou private use; adresse personnelle home ou private address; c'est urgent et personnel it's urgent and confidential; ‘personnelle’ ( sur une lettre) ‘private’; ‘strictement personnelle’ ( sur une lettre) ‘private and confidential’; sur le plan personnel on a personal level;2 ( original) [style, langage] individual; il écrit de façon personnelle he writes in an individual way;B nm (d'industrie, usine) workforce; (de compagnie, d'administration) employees (pl), personnel; (d'hôpital, hôtel, ambassade, école) staff; l'usine a un personnel de 40 personnes the factory has a payroll ou workforce of 40; nous manquons de personnel we are understaffed; le personnel militaire/civil the military/civilian personnel; le personnel en civil/en tenue plain-clothes/uniformed staff; service/directeur du personnel personnel department/manager; personnel navigant/au sol Aviat flight/ground personnel; personnel de santé des armées army medical personnel; personnel enseignant teaching staff; le personnel féminin female staff ou employees.I( féminin personnelle) [pɛrsɔnɛl] adjectifa. [n'intéressant pas le travail] it's a private callb. [confidentiel] it's a rather personal callavoir son hélicoptère personnel to have one's own ou a private helicopter2. [original]II[pɛrsɔnɛl] nom masculinle personnel est en grève the staff is ou are on strikeavoir trop/manquer de personnel to be overstaffed/understaffed ou short-staffedle personnel est autorisé à... (members of) staff are authorized to...personnel (de maison) servants, (domestic) staff -
120 ficelle
I.n. f.1. 'Neck-gear', tie.2. (pl.): Ropes surrounding boxing ring.3. Long thin French loaf, equivalent in weight to half a baguette.4. (pol.): 'Tail', officer or officers following a suspect's every move.5. (mil.): Stripe indicating rank in army.6. (th.): Hackneyed trick of the trade. C'est un vieux de la vieille sur les planches, il connaît toutes les ficelles: You can't teach an old campaigner like him any new tricks, can you?!7. 'Twister', trickster. Une vieille ficelle: A 'wily old bird', an 'old hand', character who really knows it all.8. Tirer les ficelles: To 'pull strings', to manipulate. Vous savez, c'est lui qui tire les ficelles! He's the one who really calls the shots, you know!9. Trop tirer sur laficelle: To 'come it a bit strong', to try it on a bit too much.10. Connaître les ficelles: To 'know the ropes', to know the whereand-how of something.11. Voir la ficelle: To 'see the bare bones', to be able to see the truth behind it all.12. Casser la ficelle: To 'get unhitched', to get a divorce.II.adj. inv. 'Crafty', sly, cunning. Pour être ficelle, il l'était! He was as sharp as they come!
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